专题07 选词填空(10选10)(解析版)
专题07 句子专项训练-二年级语文下册期末归类复习(部编版)
专题07 句子专项训练学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、按要求扩句。
1.例:他在田边转来转去。
他在田边焦急地转来转去。
大象在马路上散步。
大象在马路上散步2.例:满天的乌云,黑沉沉地压下来。
(把句子写具体)油菜花,在田野中绽放。
3.例:小虫子跳到狗的身上。
(小心地)小虫子小心地跳到狗的身上。
海浪打在脚上。
(哗啦哗啦地)4.墙角边，开着的小花。
(把句子写具体)5.我们坐上列车。
→我们(兴奋地)坐上(崭新的)列车。
妈妈给我讲故事。
→。
6..根据提示,看图,把句子补充得更具体。
(1)小羊吃草。
(什么样的小羊?在哪里吃草?)(2)树叶落下来。
(什么样的树叶?从哪里、怎么落下来?)7.根据图片提示，照样子，把句子补充完整。
例:门前开着一大片绚丽多彩的．．．．．．．．鲜花。
(1)花丛中飞舞着。
(2)蓝蓝的天上飘着 。
8.结合图片，仿照例子写一写。
远山 野花 河流重重叠叠的 星星点点的 像起伏的波浪 像9.根据图片，把句子补充完整。
淘气的小猫一会儿．．．躲到墙角， 一．会儿．．， 一会儿．．．。
10.看图，把下面的句子补充完整。
(1) 好像 。
(2) 像 似的。
(3) 就像 一样 。
11.照样子，把句子写具体。
例:妹妹高兴极了．．．．，欢蹦乱跳．．．．地跑回家。
(1)姐姐 ， 地来到考官面前。
(2)壮壮 ， 地走回了教室。
(3)小兔 ， 地吃起草来。
(小兔很高兴)(4)弟弟 ， 地跑进了教室。
(弟弟很着急)12.看图，仿照例子写一写。
例：草原，葱葱绿绿的，像一片柔软的绿毯。
， 的，像 。
13.你想用彩色铅笔画些什么?模仿下面的例子，把想画的内容用几句话写下来。
例: 在葱郁的森林里，雪松们拉着手，请小鸟留下歌声。
小屋的烟囱上，结一个苹果般的太阳,又大——又红!14.照样子,字词句一条龙。
， ， 。
， ， 。
宇宇宙宇宙飞船我要成为航天员，驾驶宇宙飞船。
【河南中考英语解题技巧】语篇填空1(10选10)(解析版)
语篇填空（10选10）选词填空是一种常见的中考题型,它考查在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。
考生应掌握词形变换、习惯用法和各种时态及主谓一致,然后结合篇章弄清上下文间的逻辑关系或内在联系并做出正确选择。
1.解答选词填空的步骤如下:(1)首先阅读待选词,标上词性,以方便填空时确定其语法功能;(2)然后通读短文了解其大意;(3)边读边选词,遇到困难时应该善于比较分析细微词义以及语法或搭配要求;(4)最后再复读全文,检查整篇文章是否通顺流畅。
2.注意事项(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级;(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。
一请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
每个词限用一次。
this，explain，skill，say，information，than，again，polite，available，smile How you speak on the telephone is very important. If you use good telephone1, the caller will be happy. If not, they may not want to deal with(打交道)you or your company2.First, make sure you answer the call formally(正式地), giving your name and the name of your company.3 will let the caller know that you are professional.You should also remember4as you speak, and use a friendly tone (语调). If you sound bored or too busy, the caller will think you are impolite.Your choice of words can make a big difference, too. For example, if you have not heard what a caller5, it is much more pol ite to say “I’m sorry. Could you say that again, please?”6to simply say “What?”.Similarly, if a caller asks to speak to someone, don’t just say“yes”or“no”. If the person is7, say that you will put the caller through to them. If they are unavailable, 8where they are, and then take a message.In either situation, you will also need to get some9about the caller, such as their name or company. Make sure you get all that you need and, most importantly, ask for it10!1.【答案】skills【解析】由下文可知,整篇文章都在讲打电话时的一些技巧。
专题07 自然灾害与地理信息技术(测试卷)(解析版)
专题07 自然灾害与地理信息技术测试卷时间：75分钟分值：100分一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确选项，共16*3分）（2023·重庆·校联考模拟预测）极端降雨诱发的浅层滑坡在黄土高原植被恢复的沟坡上频繁发生，影响流域的产流产沙过程。
下图为研究团队在黄土高原某小区域模拟两次降水（a、b）后测得的产沙率随时间变化的折线图，其中一次降水引发了浅层滑坡。
据此完成下面小题。
1．该小区域发生浅层滑坡的时间为（）A．第10分钟B．第40分钟C．第70分钟D．第90分钟2．该小区域两次模拟降水（）A．a为第一次降水，滑坡前植被减沙效果明显B．a为第二次降水，滑坡后植被减沙效果降低C．b为第一次降水，滑坡后植被减沙效果降低D．b为第二次降水，滑坡前植被减沙效果明显【答案】1．C 2．A【解析】1．从图中可以看出，第70分钟，a曲线产沙率迅速上升，具有突变特征，最有可能是滑坡后引起的产沙率上升，C正确；第10分钟、第40分钟应为滑坡前，产沙率较低，AB错误；第90分钟应为滑坡后，D错误。
故选C。
2．从图中可以看出，a曲线在第70分钟滑坡前，产沙率较低，说明a为第一次降水，滑坡前植被减沙效果明显，滑坡后产沙率迅速上升，A正确，B错误；b曲线总体产沙率较高，说明b曲线为滑坡后的降水（第二次降水），植被被滑坡体破坏，减沙效果降低，C、D错误。
故选A。
【点睛】降雨诱发滑坡灾害，滑坡发生时会破坏当地植被，从而使保持水土、涵养水源的功能下降，河流含沙量上升。
（2023·湖南常德·校考一模）2019年2月底，北美寒潮爆发，伊利湖中的冰块滚滚而来，冲上岸边的马路，形成高达12米的冰墙。
这种大量的冰块从湖或海中涌上陆地的现象被称为冰啸或冰海啸。
下图示意北美2月海平面气压分布图（单位：hPa）及伊利湖轮廓图。
据此完成下面小题。
3．图中四地最可能发生强冰啸的地点是（）A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁4．应对冰海啸的合理措施是（）①加强对天气的预报①设置湖岸警戒区①加高加固湖岸大堤①使用炸药破冰A．①①①B．①①①C．①①①D．①①①5．湖面完全冻结后，该地（）A．水汽含量变低B．水气温差减小C．湖陆风增强D．冰海啸增强【答案】3．B 4．A 5．A【解析】3．结合材料和所学知识可知，形成冰海啸需要有：①结冰期较长的湖泊或海域，以便形成的冰层厚度较厚，这些厚厚的冰层就是冰海啸的物质来源；①推动冰块运动的强劲水流，所以发生冰海啸的区域往往有十分强劲的盛行风。
专题07 八年级下册期末模拟试卷一(解析版)-2020-2021学年八年级数学期末复习特训(人教版)
专题07 八年级下册期末模拟试卷一（解析版）一．选择题（共10小题，满分30分，每小题3分）1．（3分）在▱ABCD中，AB＝6，AD＝4，则▱ABCD的周长为（）A．10B．20C．24D．12【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AB＝CD＝6，AD＝BC＝4，∴▱ABCD的周长为：2×（AB+AD）＝2×（6+4）＝20，故选：B．2．（3分）下列二次根式中，是最简二次根式的是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：A.，故本选项不合题意；B.，故本选项不合题意；C.是最简二次根式，故本选项符合题意；D.，故本选项不合题意．故选：C．3．（3分）若甲、乙、丙、丁四人参加跳远比赛，经过几轮初赛，他们的平均成绩相同，方差分别是：＝0.34，S乙2＝0.21，S丙2＝0.4，S丁2＝0.45．你认为最应该派去的是（）A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁【解答】解：∵＝0.34，S乙2＝0.21，S丙2＝0.4，S丁2＝0.45，∴S乙2＜＜S丙2＜S丁2，∴乙的成绩更加稳定，故选：B．4．（3分）下列计算正确的是（）A．÷＝B．﹣＝C．+＝D．×＝【解答】解：A、原式＝＝，所以A选项错误；B、与不能合并，所以B选项错误；C、与不能合并，所以C选项错误；D、原式＝＝，所以D选项正确．故选：D．5．（3分）下列线段不能构成直角三角形的是（）A．5，12，13B．2，3，C．4，7，5D．1，，【解答】解：A、52+122＝169＝132，故是直角三角形，不符合题意；B、22+（）2＝9＝32，故是直角三角形，不符合题意；C、42+52＝41≠72，故不是直角三角形，符合题意；C、12+（）2＝（）2，故是直角三角形，不符合题意．故选：C．6．（3分）下列各曲线中不能表示y是x的函数的是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：当x取一个值时，y有唯一的值与其对应，就说y是x的函数，x是自变量．选项A中的曲线，当x取一个值时，y的值可能有2个，不满足对于自变量的每一个确定的值，函数值有且只有一个值与之对．故A中曲线不能表示y是x的函数，故选：A．7．（3分）数学老师为了判断小颖的数学成绩是否稳定，对小颖在中考前的6次模拟考试中的成绩进行了统计，老师应最关注小颖这6次数学成绩的（）A．方差B．中位数C．平均数D．众数【解答】解：由于方差反映数据的波动大小，故老师最关注小颖这6次数学成绩的稳定性，就是关注这6次数学成绩的方差．故选：A．8．（3分）在下列给出的条件中，能判定四边形ABCD是平行四边形的是（）A．AB∥CD，AD＝BC B．∠A＝∠B，∠C＝∠DC．AD∥BC，AD＝BC D．AB＝AD，CD＝BC【解答】解：A．由AB∥CD，AD＝BC，不能判定四边形ABCD是平行四边形，故本选项不合题意；B．由∠A＝∠B，∠C＝∠D，不能判定四边形ABCD是平行四边形，故本选项不合题意；C．由AD∥BC，AD＝BC，能判定四边形ABCD是平行四边形，故本选项符合题意；D．由AB＝AD，CD＝BC，不能判定四边形ABCD是平行四边形，故本选项不合题意；故选：C．9．（3分）如图，一次函数y1＝x+b与一次函数y2＝kx+4的图象相交于点P（2，﹣2），则关于x的不等式x+b＞kx+4的解集是（）A．x＞﹣2B．x＜﹣2C．x＜2D．x＞2【解答】解：∵一次函数y1＝x+b与一次函数y2＝kx+4的图象相交于点P（2，﹣2），∴当x＞2时，x+b＞kx+4，即关于x的不等式x+b＞kx+4的解集是x＞2．故选：D．10．（3分）将一张正方形纸片按如图的步骤，通过折叠得到④，再沿虚线剪去一个角，展开平铺后得到⑤，其中FM、GN为折痕，若正方形EFGH与五边形MCNGF的面积之比为4：5，则的值为（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：如图，连接HF，直线HF与AD交于点P，∵正方形EFGH与五边形MCNGF的面积之比为4：5，设正方形EFGH与五边形MCNGF的面积为4x2，5x2，∴GF2＝4x2，∴GF＝2x，∴HF＝＝2x，由折叠可知：正方形ABCD的面积为：4x2+4×5x2＝24x2，∴PM2＝24x2，∴PM＝2x，∴FM＝PH＝（PM﹣HF）＝（2x﹣2x）＝（﹣）x，∴＝＝．故选：A．二．填空题（共6小题，满分18分，每小题3分）11．（3分）若二次根式有意义，则x的取值范围是x≥．【解答】解：∵二次根式有意义，∴2x﹣1≥0，解得：x≥．故答案为：x≥．12．（3分）如图，在校园内有两棵树相距12米，一棵树高14米，另一棵树高9米，一只小鸟从一棵树的顶端飞到另一棵树的顶端，小鸟至少要飞13米．【解答】解：如图所示，AB，CD为树，且AB＝14米，CD＝9米，BD为两树距离12米，过C作CE⊥AB于E，则CE＝BD＝12，AE＝AB﹣CD＝5，在直角三角形AEC中，AC＝＝＝13．答：小鸟至少要飞13米．故答案为：13．13．（3分）已知a，b，c，d的平均数是3，则2a﹣1，2b﹣1，2c﹣1，2d﹣1的平均数是5．【解答】解：∵a，b，c，d的平均数是3，∴a+b+c+d＝12，∴[（2a﹣1）+（2b﹣1）+（2c﹣1）+（2d﹣1）]÷4＝（2a﹣1+2b﹣1+2c﹣1+2d﹣1）÷4＝[2（a+b+c+d）﹣4]×＝﹣1＝﹣1＝6﹣1＝5，故答案为：5．14．（3分）如图是一株美丽的勾股树，其中所有的四边形都是正方形，所有的三角形都是直角三角形．若正方形A、B、C、D的面积分别是3、5、2、3，则正方形E的边长是．【解答】解：设中间两个正方形的边长分别为x、y，正方形E的边长为z，则由勾股定理得：x2＝3+5＝8，y2＝2+3＝5，z2＝x2+y2＝13；即最大正方形E的面积为：z2＝13．则正方形E的边长是．故答案为：．15．（3分）已知直线y＝kx+b，若k+b+kb＝0，且kb＞0，那么该直线不经过第一象限．【解答】解：∵k+b+kb＝0，且kb＞0，∴k+b＝﹣kb＜0，k和b同号，∴k＜0，b＜0，∴直线y＝kx+b经过第二、三、四象限，不经过第一象限，故答案为：一．16．（3分）已知三角形一边上的中线，与三角形三边有如下数量关系：三角形两边的平方和等于第三边一半的平方与第三边中线平方之和的2倍．即：如图1，在△ABC中，AD是BC边上的中线，则有AB2+AC2＝2（BD2+AD2）．请运用上述结论，解答下面问题：如图2，点P为矩形ABCD外部一点，已知P A＝PC＝3，若PD＝1，则AC的取值范围为﹣1≤AC＜2．【解答】解：如图，连接BD交AC于O，连接PO，∵四边形ABCD是矩形，∴AC＝BD，AO＝CO＝BO＝DO，∵PO是△ACP的中线，也是△PBD的中线，∴P A2+PC2＝2（AO2+PO2），PB2+PD2＝2（PO2+OD2），∴P A2+PC2＝PB2+PD2，∴9+9＝1+PB2，∴PB＝，在△PBD中，﹣1≤BD≤+1，∴﹣1≤AC≤+1，当点P在AD上时，CD＝＝＝2，∴AC＝＝＝2，故答案为：﹣1≤AC＜2．三．解答题（共8小题，满分72分）17．（6分）计算：（1）﹣+；（2）（+1）（﹣1）+÷．【解答】解：（1）原式＝3﹣4+＝0；（2）原式＝（）2﹣1+＝2﹣1+＝1+．18．（8分）如图，在△ABC中，点D、E、F分别是BC、AC、AB边上的中点．（1）求证：四边形BDEF是平行四边形；（2）若AB＝BC，连接BE、DF．请判断BE与DF的位置关系，并说明理由．【解答】（1）证明：∵D、E、F分别是BC、AC、AB的中点，∴DE是△CAB的中位线，EF是△ABC的中位线，∴DE∥AB，EF∥BC，∴四边形BDEF是平行四边形；（2）解：BE与DF的位置关系为：BE⊥DF，如图所示，理由如下：由（1）得：DE是△CAB的中位线，EF是△ABC的中位线，∴DE＝AB，EF＝BC，∵AB＝BC，∴DE＝EF，∵四边形BDEF是平行四边形，∴四边形BDEF是菱形，∴BE⊥DF．19．（8分）已知一次函数y＝（m﹣3）x+m+1的图象经过点（1，2）．（1）求此一次函数解析式，并画出函数图象；（2）求此一次函数图象与坐标轴围成图形的面积．【解答】解：（1）把x＝1，y＝2代入一次函数解析式，得（m﹣3）+m+1＝2．解得m＝2．所以一次函数解析式为：y＝﹣x+3．函数图象见右图．（2）当x＝0时，y＝3；当y＝0时，x＝﹣3．所以直线和x、y轴围成的三角形的面积为：×3×3＝．20．（8分）某校九年级的一次数学小测试由20道选择题构成，每题5分．共100分．为了了解本次测试中同学们的成绩情况，某调查小组从中随机调查了部分同学，并根据调查结果绘制了如下尚不完整的统计图：请根据以上信息解答下列问题：（1）本次调查的学生人数为50人；（2）调查的学生中，该次测试成绩的中位数是90分；（3）调查的学生中，该次测试成绩的众数为95分；（4）补全条形统计图；（5）若测试成绩80分或80分以上为“优秀”，则估计该校九年级800名学生中，本次测试成绩达到“优秀”的人数是多少？【解答】解：（1）本次调查的学生有：5÷10%＝50（人），故答案为：50；（2）∵3+18＝21，21+12＝33，∴这组数据的中位数是（90+90）÷2＝90（分），故答案为：90；（3）85分的学生有50﹣（2+5+12+18+3）＝10（人），故这组数据的众数是95分，故答案为：95；（4）由（3）知，85分的学生有10人，补全的条形统计图如右图所示；（5）800×＝768（人），即该校九年级800名学生中，本次测试成绩达到“优秀”的人数是768人．21．（8分）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ABC＝90°，AB＝6，BC＝8，将△DCE沿DE翻折，使点C落在点A处．（1）设BD＝x，在Rt△ABC中，根据勾股定理，可得关于x的方程62+x2＝（8﹣x）2；（2）分别求DC、DE的长．【解答】解：（1）∵将△DCE沿DE翻折，使点C落在点A处．∴AD＝CD，AE＝EC，设BD＝x，则DC＝AD＝8﹣x，∵AB2+BD2＝AD2，∴62+x2＝（8﹣x）2，故答案为：62+x2＝（8﹣x）2；（2）由（1）得62+x2＝（8﹣x）2，解得x＝，∴BD＝，∴DC＝BC﹣BD＝8﹣＝．∵AB＝6，BC＝8，∴AC＝＝＝，∴CE＝AC＝5，∴DE＝＝＝．22．（10分）甲、乙两名同学沿直线进行登山，甲、乙沿相同的路线同时从山脚出发到达山顶．甲同学到达山顶休息1小时后再沿原路下山．他们离山脚的距离S（千米）随时间t（小时）变化的图象如图所示．根据图象中的有关信息回答下列问题：（1）分别求出甲、乙两名同学上山过程中S与t的函数解析式；（2）若甲同学下山时在点F处与乙同学相遇，此时点F与山顶的距离为0.75千米；①求甲同学下山过程中S与t的函数解析式；②相遇后甲、乙两名同学各自继续下山和上山，求当乙到山顶时，甲离乙的距离是多少千米？【解答】解：（1）设甲、乙两同学登山过程中，路程s（千米）与时间t（时）的函数解析式分别为S甲＝k1t，S＝k2t乙由题意，得2＝4k1，2＝6k2∴k1＝，k2＝，∴解析式分别为S甲＝t，S乙＝t；（2）①当y＝4﹣0.75时，，解得t＝，∴点F（，），甲到山顶所用时间为：4＝8（小时）由题意可知，点D坐标为（9，4），设甲同学下山过程中S与t的函数解析式为s＝kt+b，则：，解答，∴甲同学下山过程中S与t的函数解析式为s＝﹣t+13；②乙到山顶所用时间为：（小时），当x＝12时，s＝﹣12+13＝1，当乙到山顶时，甲离乙的距离是：4﹣1＝3（千米）．23．（12分）已知菱形ABCD的边长为2，∠ABC＝60°，对角线AC、BD相交于点O．点M从点B向点C运动（到点C时停止），点N为CD上一点，且∠MAN＝60°，连接AM交BD于点P．（1）求菱形ABCD的面积；（2）如图1，过点D作DG⊥AN于点G，若BM＝4﹣2，求NG的长；（3）如图2，点E是AN上一点，且AE＝AP，连接BE、OE．试判断：在运动过程中，BE+OE是否存在最小值？若存在，请求出；若不存在，请说明理由．【解答】解：（1）如图1中，∵四边形ABCD是菱形，∴AB＝BC＝CD＝AD＝2，∠ABC＝∠ADC＝60°，AC⊥BD，∴△ABC，△ACD都是等边三角形，∵∠AOB＝90°，∠ABO＝∠CBO＝30°，∴OA＝AB＝1，OB＝OA＝，∴AC＝2AO＝2，BD＝2OB＝2，∴S菱形ABCD＝•BD•AC＝×2×2＝2．（2）如图1中，过点A作AT⊥CD于T．∵△ABC，△ACD都是等边三角形，∴∠ACN＝∠ABM＝60°，AB＝AC，∵∠MAN＝∠BAC＝60°，∴∠BAM＝∠CAN，∴△BAM≌△ACN（ASA），∴BM＝CN＝4﹣2，∵AC＝AD，AT⊥CD，∴CT＝DT＝1，AT＝，∴TN＝CT﹣CN＝1﹣（4﹣2）＝2﹣3，∴AN＝＝＝3﹣，∵S△ADN＝•AN•DG＝•DN•AT，∴DG＝＝，∴GN＝＝＝2﹣．（3）如图2中，取CD的中点G，连接BG，CE，EG，过点G作GH⊥BD于H．∵∠BAC＝∠P AE＝60°，∴∠BAP＝∠CAE，∵AB＝AC，AP＝AE，∴△BAP≌△CAE（SAS），∴∠ABP＝∠ACE＝30°，∵∠ACD＝60°，∴∠OCE＝∠GCE，∵∠COD＝90°，∠ODC＝∠ADC＝30°，∴CD＝2OC，∵CG＝GD，∴OC＝CG，∵CE＝CE，∴△OCE≌△GCE（SAS），∴OE＝EG，∴BE+OE＝BE+EG≥BG，在Rt△BGH中，∵∠GHB＝90°，GH＝DG＝，BH＝，∴BG＝＝＝，∴BE+OE≥，∴BE+OE的最小值为．24．（12分）如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy中，已知直线l1：y＝x﹣2和直线l2：y＝2x﹣4相交于点A．（1）已知点P（1﹣t，9﹣3t），求证：无论t为何值，点P总在直线y＝3x+6上；（2）直线y＝3x+6分别与x轴、y轴交于B、C两点，平移线段BC，使点B、C的对应点M、N分别落在直线l1和l2上，请你判断四边形BMNC的形状，并说明理由；（3）在（2）问的条件下，已知直线y＝mx﹣6m+8 把四边形BMNC的面积分成1：3两部分，求m的值．【解答】（1）证明：对于直线y＝3x+6，当x＝1﹣t时，y＝3（1﹣t）+6＝﹣3t+9，∴P（1﹣t，9﹣3t）在直线y＝3x+6上．（2）解：∵直线y＝3x+6分别与x轴、y轴交于B、C两点，∴B（﹣2，0），C（0，6），∵线段MN是由线段BC平移得到，∴可以假设M（t，t﹣2），N（t+2，t﹣2+6），即N（t+2，t+4），∵N（t+2，t+4）在直线y＝2x﹣4上，∴t+4＝2（t+2）﹣4，解得t＝4，∴M（4，2），N（6，8），∴BM＝＝2，BC＝＝2，∴BM＝BC，∵BC＝MN，BC∥MN，∴四边形BMNC是平行四边形，∵BC＝BM，∴四边形BMNC是菱形．（3）∵直线y＝mx﹣6m+8，∴x＝6时，y＝8，∴直线y＝mx﹣6m+8经过定点（6，8），∴直线y＝mx﹣6m+8经过点N（6，8），∵直线y＝mx﹣6m+8把四边形BMNC的面积分成1：3两部分，∴直线y＝mx﹣6m+8经过BC的中点G或经过BM的中点H，∵G是BC的中点，H是BM的中点，∴G（﹣1，3），H（1，1），把G（﹣1，3）代入y＝mx﹣6m+8得到m＝，把H（1，1）代入y＝mx﹣6m+8得到m＝，综上所述，满足条件的m的值为或．。
专题7 完形填空 (解析+词汇+变式+技巧+模拟) -2024年1月浙江首考英语卷深度解析(原卷版)
《2024年1月浙江首考英语卷深度解析及变式训练》养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
专题07 完形填空(解析+词汇+变式+技巧+模拟) 原卷版关键词：人与社会, 老外看中国, 文化交流, 中国故事, 旅行见闻, 自学成才While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese.Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point.It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable48. A. publish B. quote С. copy D. download49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 55. A. cooperateB. sideC. negotiateD. engage一、高频单词1. edge n.2. northwestern a.3. humbling a.4. educational a.5. local n.6. virtually ad.7. professional a.8. highway n.9. passage n. 10. literary a. 11. assumption n. 12. informed a. 13. admirable a. 14. willingness n. 15. encounter n. 16. competition n. 17. lecture v. 18. approach vt. 19. finance vt. 20. sweep vt. 21. guard vt. 22. typical a. 23. remarkable a. 24. quote vt. 25. download vt. 26. historian n. 27. anticipate vt. 28. recall vt . 29. well-behaved a. 30. multi-skilled a. 31. warm-hearted a. 32. self-educated a. 33. cooperate vi. 34. negotiate vi. 35. engage vt. 36. side vi.二、核心语块 1. above all 2. long for3. take the chance to do sth4. spend time doing sth5. bat an eye6. as a whole7. prevent sb (from) doing 8. in the course of 9. from all walks of life 10. engage with sb 11. cooperate with sb 12. side with sb 13. negotiate with sb 1. While _________(take) a 20-hour train ride, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful encounter _________ a local that all travelers long for.2. A young Chinese man _________(approach) me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I _________(happy) took the chance to practice my Chinese.3. Over several hours he would tell me about how he _________(attend) a two-year professional school to quickly find a job building highways in order to help support his family.4. This man spent hours _________(study) every day after hard physical labor.5. _________ batting an eye he would quote a _________(translate) Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American authors as a whole.6. It would have been easy _________(rely) on my assumptions about this highway builder _________ had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.7. But this highly _________(inform), self-educated, and _________(admire) person prevented me doing so.8. In the course of a couple of hours, he showed me just how _________ one can gain from travelling with an open mind, and a _________(willing) to engage with locals from all walks of life.The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____41____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____46____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk.____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and was back on the ground.It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back up.41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves43. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately50. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order高考完形填空九大解题技巧【技巧一】据搭配，知答案完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。
专题07二次函数--浙江省2019-2021年3年中考真题数学分项汇编(解析版)
三年（2019-2021）中考真题数学分项汇编（浙江专用）专题07二次函数一．选择题（共15小题）1．（2021•绍兴）关于二次函数y ＝2（x ﹣4）2+6的最大值或最小值，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．有最大值4B ．有最小值4C ．有最大值6D ．有最小值6【分析】根据题目中的函数解析式和二次函数的性质，可以得到该函数有最小值，最小值为6，然后即可判断哪个选项是正确的．【详解】解：∵二次函数y ＝2（x ﹣4）2+6，a ＝2＞0，∴该函数图象开口向上，有最小值，当x ＝2取得最小值6，故选：D ．2．（2021•杭州）在“探索函数y ＝ax 2+bx +c 的系数a ，b ，c 与图象的关系”活动中，老师给出了直角坐标系中的四个点：A （0，2），B （1，0），C （3，1），D （2，3）．同学们探索了经过这四个点中的三个点的二次函数图象，发现这些图象对应的函数表达式各不相同，其中a 的值最大为（ ）A ．52B ．32C ．56D ．12 【分析】比较任意三个点组成的二次函数，比较开口方向，开口向下，则a ＜0，只需把开口向上的二次函数解析式求出即可．【详解】解：由图象知，A 、B 、D 组成的点开口向上，a ＞0；A 、B 、C 组成的二次函数开口向上，a ＞0；B 、C 、D 三点组成的二次函数开口向下，a ＜0；A 、D 、C 三点组成的二次函数开口向下，a ＜0；即只需比较A 、B 、D 组成的二次函数和A 、B 、C 组成的二次函数即可．设A 、B 、C 组成的二次函数为y 1＝a 1x 2+b 1x +c 1，把A （0，2），B （1，0），C （3，1）代入上式得，{c 1=2a 1+b 1+c 1=09a 1+3b 1+c 1=1，解得a 1=56；设A 、B 、D 组成的二次函数为y ＝ax 2+bx +c ，把A （0，2），B （1，0），D （2，3）代入上式得，{c =2a +b +c =04a +2b +c =3，解得a =52，即a 最大的值为52， 故选：A ．3．（2020•衢州）二次函数y ＝x 2的图象平移后经过点（2，0），则下列平移方法正确的是（ ）A ．向左平移2个单位，向下平移2个单位B ．向左平移1个单位，向上平移2个单位C ．向右平移1个单位，向下平移1个单位D ．向右平移2个单位，向上平移1个单位【分析】求出平移后的抛物线的解析式，利用待定系数法解决问题即可．【详解】解：A 、平移后的解析式为y ＝（x +2）2﹣2，当x ＝2时，y ＝14，本选项不符合题意．B 、平移后的解析式为y ＝（x +1）2+2，当x ＝2时，y ＝11，本选项不符合题意．C 、平移后的解析式为y ＝（x ﹣1）2﹣1，当x ＝2时，y ＝0，函数图象经过（2，0），本选项符合题意．D 、平移后的解析式为y ＝（x ﹣2）2+1，当x ＝2时，y ＝1，本选项不符合题意．故选：C ．4．（2021•湖州）已知抛物线y ＝ax 2+bx +c （a ≠0）与x 轴的交点为A （1，0）和B （3，0），点P 1（x 1，y 1），P 2（x 2，y 2）是抛物线上不同于A ，B 的两个点，记△P 1AB 的面积为S 1，△P 2AB 的面积为S 2，有下列结论：①当x 1＞x 2+2时，S 1＞S 2；②当x 1＜2﹣x 2时，S 1＜S 2；③当|x 1﹣2|＞|x 2﹣2|＞1时，S 1＞S 2；④当|x 1﹣2|＞|x 2+2|＞1时，S 1＜S 2．其中正确结论的个数是（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4 【分析】不妨假设a ＞0，利用图象法一一判断即可．【详解】解：不妨假设a ＞0．①如图1中，P 1，P 2满足x 1＞x 2+2，∵P1P2∥AB，∴S1＝S2，故①错误．②当x1＝﹣2,x2＝﹣1,满足x1＜2﹣x2，则S1＞S2，故②错误，③∵|x1﹣2|＞|x2﹣2|＞1，∴P1，P2在x轴的上方，且P1离x轴的距离比P2离x轴的距离大，∴S1＞S2，故③正确，④如图1中，P1，P2满足|x1﹣2|＞|x2+2|＞1，但是S1＝S2，故④错误．故选：A．5．（2020•宁波）如图，二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的图象与x轴交于A，B两点，与y轴正半轴交于点C，它的对称轴为直线x＝﹣1．则下列选项中正确的是（）A．abc＜0B．4ac﹣b2＞0C．c﹣a＞0D．当x＝﹣n2﹣2（n为实数）时，y≥c【分析】由图象开口向上，可知a＞0，与y轴的交点在x轴的上方，可知c＞0，根据对称轴方程得到b ＞0，于是得到abc＞0，故A错误；根据二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的图象与x轴的交点，得到b2﹣4ac＞0，求得4ac﹣b2＜0，故B错误；根据对称轴方程得到b＝2a，当x＝﹣1时，y＝a﹣b+c＜0，于是得到c﹣a＜0，故C错误；当x＝﹣n2﹣2（n为实数）时，代入解析式得到y＝ax2+bx+c＝a（﹣n2﹣2）2+b（﹣n2﹣2）+c＝an2（n2+2）+c，于是得到y＝an2（n2+2）+c≥c，故D正确．【详解】解：由图象开口向上，可知a＞0，与y轴的交点在x轴的上方，可知c＞0，又对称轴方程为x＝﹣1，所以−b2a＜0，所以b＞0，∴abc＞0，故A错误；∵二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的图象与x轴交于A，B两点，∴b2﹣4ac＞0，∴4ac﹣b2＜0，故B错误；∵−b2a=−1，∴b＝2a，∵当x＝﹣1时，y＝a﹣b+c＜0，∴a﹣2a+c＜0，∴c﹣a＜0，故C错误；当x＝﹣n2﹣2（n为实数）时，y＝ax2+bx+c＝a（﹣n2﹣2）2+b（﹣n2﹣2）+c＝an2（n2+2）+c，∵a＞0，n2≥0，n2+2＞0，∴y＝an2（n2+2）+c≥c，故D正确，故选：D．6．（2020•温州）已知（﹣3，y1），（﹣2，y2），（1，y3）是抛物线y＝﹣3x2﹣12x+m上的点，则（）A．y3＜y2＜y1B．y3＜y1＜y2C．y2＜y3＜y1D．y1＜y3＜y2【分析】求出抛物线的对称轴为直线x＝﹣2，然后根据二次函数的增减性和对称性解答即可．【详解】解：抛物线的对称轴为直线x=−−122×(−3)=−2，∵a＝﹣3＜0，∴x＝﹣2时，函数值最大，又∵﹣3到﹣2的距离比1到﹣2的距离小，∴y3＜y1＜y2．故选：B．7．（2020•嘉兴）已知二次函数y＝x2，当a≤x≤b时m≤y≤n，则下列说法正确的是（）A．当n﹣m＝1时，b﹣a有最小值B ．当n ﹣m ＝1时，b ﹣a 有最大值C ．当b ﹣a ＝1时，n ﹣m 无最小值D ．当b ﹣a ＝1时，n ﹣m 有最大值 【分析】方法1、①当b ﹣a ＝1时，当a ，b 同号时，先判断出四边形BCDE 是矩形，得出BC ＝DE ＝b ﹣a ＝1，CD ＝BE ＝m ，进而得出AC ＝n ﹣m ，即tan ∠ABC ＝n ﹣m ，再判断出45°≤∠ABC ＜90°，即可得出n ﹣m 的范围，当a ，b 异号时，m ＝0，当a =−12，b =12时，n 最小=14，即可得出n ﹣m 的范围； ②当n ﹣m ＝1时，当a ，b 同号时，同①的方法得出NH ＝PQ ＝b ﹣a ，HQ ＝PN ＝m ，进而得出MH ＝n ﹣m ＝1，而tan ∠MHN =1b−a ，再判断出45°≤∠MNH ＜90°，当a ，b 异号时，m ＝0，则n ＝1，即可求出a ，b ，即可得出结论．方法2、根据抛物线的性质判断，即可得出结论．【详解】解：方法1、①当b ﹣a ＝1时，当a ，b 同号时，如图1，过点B 作BC ⊥AD 于C ，∴∠BCD ＝90°，∵∠ADE ＝∠BED ＝90°，∴∠ADE ＝∠BCD ＝∠BED ＝90°，∴四边形BCDE 是矩形，∴BC ＝DE ＝b ﹣a ＝1，CD ＝BE ＝m ，∴AC ＝AD ﹣CD ＝n ﹣m ，在Rt △ACB 中，tan ∠ABC =AC BC =n ﹣m ，∵点A ，B 在抛物线y ＝x 2上，且a ，b 同号，∴45°≤∠ABC ＜90°，∴tan ∠ABC ≥1，∴n ﹣m ≥1，当a ，b 异号时，m ＝0，当a =−12，b =12时，n =14，此时，n ﹣m =14，∴14≤n ﹣m ＜1， 即n ﹣m ≥14，即n ﹣m 无最大值，有最小值，最小值为14，故选项C ，D 都错误；②当n ﹣m ＝1时，如图2，当a ，b 同号时，过点N 作NH ⊥MQ 于H ，同①的方法得，NH ＝PQ ＝b ﹣a ，HQ ＝PN ＝m ，∴MH ＝MQ ﹣HQ ＝n ﹣m ＝1，在Rt △MHN 中，tan ∠MNH =MH NH =1b−a， ∵点M ，N 在抛物线y ＝x 2上，∴m ≥0，当m ＝0时，n ＝1，∴点N （0，0），M （1，1），∴NH ＝1，此时，∠MNH ＝45°，∴45°≤∠MNH ＜90°，∴tan ∠MNH ≥1，∴1b−a ≥1，当a ，b 异号时，m ＝0，∴n ＝1，∴a ＝﹣1，b ＝1，即b ﹣a ＝2，∴b ﹣a 无最小值，有最大值，最大值为2，故选项A 错误；故选：B ．方法2、当n ﹣m ＝1时，当a ，b 在y 轴同侧时，a ，b 都越大时，a ﹣b 越接近于0，但不能取0，即b ﹣a 没有最小值，当a ，b 异号时，当a ＝﹣1，b ＝1时，b ﹣a ＝2最大，当b ﹣a ＝1时，当a ，b 在y 轴同侧时，a ，b 离y 轴越远，n ﹣m 越大，但取不到最大，当a ，b 在y 轴两侧时，当a =−12，b =12时，n ﹣m 取到最小，最小值为14， 因此，只有选项B 正确，故选：B．8．（2020•杭州）在平面直角坐标系中，已知函数y1＝x2+ax+1，y2＝x2+bx+2，y3＝x2+cx+4，其中a，b，c 是正实数，且满足b2＝ac．设函数y1，y2，y3的图象与x轴的交点个数分别为M1，M2，M3，（）A．若M1＝2，M2＝2，则M3＝0B．若M1＝1，M2＝0，则M3＝0C．若M1＝0，M2＝2，则M3＝0D．若M1＝0，M2＝0，则M3＝0【分析】选项B正确，利用判别式的性质证明即可．【详解】解：A、错误．由M1＝2，M2＝2，可得a2﹣4＞0，b2﹣8＞0，取a＝3，b2＝12，则c=b2a=4，此时c2﹣16＝0．故A错误．B、正确．理由：∵M1＝1，M2＝0，∴a2﹣4＝0，b2﹣8＜0，∵a，b，c是正实数，∴a＝2，∵b2＝ac，∴c=12b2，对于y3＝x2+cx+4，则有△＝c2﹣16=14b4﹣16=14（b4﹣64）=14（b2+8）（b2﹣8）＜0，∴M3＝0，∴选项B正确，C、错误．由M1＝0，M2＝2，可得a2﹣4＜0，b2﹣8＞0，取a＝1，b2＝18，则c=b2a=18，此时c2﹣16＞0．故C错误．D、由M1＝0，M2＝0，可得a2﹣4＜0，b2﹣8＜0，取a＝1，b2＝4，则c=b2a=4，此时c2﹣16＝0．故D错误．故选：B．9．（2020•杭州）设函数y＝a（x﹣h）2+k（a，h，k是实数，a≠0），当x＝1时，y＝1；当x＝8时，y＝8，（）A．若h＝4，则a＜0B．若h＝5，则a＞0C．若h＝6，则a＜0D．若h＝7，则a＞0【分析】当x＝1时，y＝1；当x＝8时，y＝8；代入函数式整理得a（9﹣2h）＝1，将h的值分别代入即可得出结果．【详解】解：当x＝1时，y＝1；当x＝8时，y＝8；代入函数式得：{1=a(1−ℎ)2+k 8=a(8−ℎ)2+k，∴a（8﹣h）2﹣a（1﹣h）2＝7，整理得：a（9﹣2h）＝1，若h＝4，则a＝1，故A错误；若h＝5，则a＝﹣1，故B错误；若h＝6，则a=−13，故C正确；若h＝7，则a=−15，故D错误；故选：C．10．（2019•湖州）已知a，b是非零实数，|a|＞|b|，在同一平面直角坐标系中，二次函数y1＝ax2+bx与一次函数y2＝ax+b的大致图象不可能是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．【分析】根据二次函数y ＝ax 2+bx 与一次函数y ＝ax +b （a ≠0）可以求得它们的交点坐标，然后根据一次函数的性质和二次函数的性质，由函数图象可以判断a 、b 的正负情况，从而可以解答本题．【详解】解：{y =ax 2+bx y =ax +b 解得{x =−b a y =0或{x =1y =a +b ． 故二次函数y ＝ax 2+bx 与一次函数y ＝ax +b （a ≠0）在同一平面直角坐标系中的交点在x 轴上为（−b a，0）或点（1，a +b ）．在A 中，由一次函数图象可知a ＞0，b ＞0，二次函数图象可知，a ＞0，b ＞0，−b a ＜0，a +b ＞0，故选项A 有可能；在B 中，由一次函数图象可知a ＞0，b ＜0，二次函数图象可知，a ＞0，b ＜0，由|a |＞|b |，则a +b ＞0，故选项B 有可能；在C中，由一次函数图象可知a＜0，b＜0，二次函数图象可知，a＜0，b＜0，a+b＜0，故选项C有可能；在D中，由一次函数图象可知a＜0，b＞0，二次函数图象可知，a＜0，b＞0，由|a|＞|b|，则a+b＜0，故选项D不可能；故选：D．11．（2019•杭州）在平面直角坐标系中，已知a≠b，设函数y＝（x+a）（x+b）的图象与x轴有M个交点，函数y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）的图象与x轴有N个交点，则（）A．M＝N﹣1或M＝N+1B．M＝N﹣1或M＝N+2C．M＝N或M＝N+1D．M＝N或M＝N﹣1【分析】先把两个函数化成一般形式，若为二次函数，再计算根的判别式，从而确定图象与x轴的交点个数，若一次函数，则与x轴只有一个交点，据此解答．【详解】解：∵y＝（x+a）（x+b），a≠b，∴函数y＝（x+a）（x+b）的图象与x轴有2个交点，∴M＝2，∵函数y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）＝abx2+（a+b）x+1，∴当ab≠0时，△＝（a+b）2﹣4ab＝（a﹣b）2＞0，函数y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）的图象与x轴有2个交点，即N＝2，此时M＝N；当ab＝0时，不妨令a＝0，∵a≠b，∴b≠0，函数y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）＝bx+1为一次函数，与x轴有一个交点，即N＝1，此时M＝N+1；综上可知，M＝N或M＝N+1．故选：C．另一解法：∵a≠b，∴抛物线y＝（x+a）（x+b）与x轴有两个交点，∴M＝2，又∵函数y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）的图象与x轴有N个交点，而y＝（ax+1）（bx+1）＝abx2+（a+b）x+1，它至多是一个二次函数，至多与x轴有两个交点，∴N≤2，∴N≤M，∴不可能有M＝N﹣1，故排除A、B、D，故选：C ．12．（2019•舟山）小飞研究二次函数y ＝﹣（x ﹣m ）2﹣m +1（m 为常数）性质时得到如下结论： ①这个函数图象的顶点始终在直线y ＝﹣x +1上；②存在一个m 的值，使得函数图象的顶点与x 轴的两个交点构成等腰直角三角形；③点A （x 1，y 1）与点B （x 2，y 2）在函数图象上，若x 1＜x 2，x 1+x 2＞2m ，则y 1＜y 2；④当﹣1＜x ＜2时，y 随x 的增大而增大，则m 的取值范围为m ≥2．其中错误结论的序号是（ ）A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④【分析】根据函数解析式，结合函数图象的顶点坐标、对称轴以及增减性依次对4个结论作出判断即可．【详解】解：二次函数y ＝﹣（x ﹣m ）2﹣m +1（m 为常数）①∵顶点坐标为（m ，﹣m +1）且当x ＝m 时，y ＝﹣m +1∴这个函数图象的顶点始终在直线y ＝﹣x +1上故结论①正确；②假设存在一个m 的值，使得函数图象的顶点与x 轴的两个交点构成等腰直角三角形令y ＝0，得﹣（x ﹣m ）2﹣m +1＝0，其中m ≤1解得：x 1＝m −√−m +1，x 2＝m +√−m +1∵顶点坐标为（m ，﹣m +1），且顶点与x 轴的两个交点构成等腰直角三角形∴|﹣m +1|＝|m ﹣（m −√−m +1）|解得：m ＝0或1，当m ＝1时，二次函数y ＝﹣（x ﹣1）2，此时顶点为（1，0），与x 轴的交点也为（1，0），不构成三角形，舍去；∴存在m ＝0，使得函数图象的顶点与x 轴的两个交点构成等腰直角三角形故结论②正确；③∵x 1+x 2＞2m∴x 1+x 22＞m∵二次函数y ＝﹣（x ﹣m ）2﹣m +1（m 为常数）的对称轴为直线x ＝m∴点A 离对称轴的距离小于点B 离对称轴的距离∵x 1＜x 2，且a ＝﹣1＜0∴y 1＞y 2故结论③错误；④当﹣1＜x＜2时，y随x的增大而增大，且a＝﹣1＜0∴m的取值范围为m≥2．故结论④正确．故选：C．13．（2019•绍兴）在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y＝（x+5）（x﹣3）经变换后得到抛物线y＝（x+3）（x﹣5），则这个变换可以是（）A．向左平移2个单位B．向右平移2个单位C．向左平移8个单位D．向右平移8个单位【分析】根据变换前后的两抛物线的顶点坐标找变换规律．【详解】解：y＝（x+5）（x﹣3）＝（x+1）2﹣16，顶点坐标是（﹣1，﹣16）．y＝（x+3）（x﹣5）＝（x﹣1）2﹣16，顶点坐标是（1，﹣16）．所以将抛物线y＝（x+5）（x﹣3）向右平移2个单位长度得到抛物线y＝（x+3）（x﹣5），故选：B．14．（2019•温州）已知二次函数y＝x2﹣4x+2，关于该函数在﹣1≤x≤3的取值范围内，下列说法正确的是（）A．有最大值﹣1，有最小值﹣2B．有最大值0，有最小值﹣1C．有最大值7，有最小值﹣1D．有最大值7，有最小值﹣2【分析】把函数解析式整理成顶点式解析式的形式，然后根据二次函数的最值问题解答．【详解】解：∵y＝x2﹣4x+2＝（x﹣2）2﹣2，∴在﹣1≤x≤3的取值范围内，当x＝2时，有最小值﹣2，当x＝﹣1时，有最大值为y＝9﹣2＝7．故选：D．15．（2019•衢州）二次函数y＝（x﹣1）2+3图象的顶点坐标是（）A．（1，3）B．（1，﹣3）C．（﹣1，3）D．（﹣1，﹣3）【分析】由抛物线顶点式可求得答案．【详解】解：∵y＝（x﹣1）2+3，∴顶点坐标为（1，3），故选：A ．二．填空题（共3小题）16．（2021•湖州）已知在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，点A 的坐标为（3，4），M 是抛物线y ＝ax 2+bx +2（a ≠0）对称轴上的一个动点．小明经探究发现：当b a 的值确定时，抛物线的对称轴上能使△AOM 为直角三角形的点M 的个数也随之确定，若抛物线y ＝ax 2+bx +2（a ≠0）的对称轴上存在3个不同的点M ，使△AOM 为直角三角形，则b a 的值是 2或﹣8 ． 【分析】由题意△AOM 是直角三角形，当对称轴x ≠0或x ≠3时,可知一定存在两个以A ，O 为直角顶点的直角三角形，当对称轴x ＝0或x ＝3时，不存在满足条件的点M ,当以OA 为直径的圆与抛物线的对称轴x =−b 2a相切时，对称轴上存在1个以点M 为直角顶点的直角三角形，此时对称轴上存在3个不同的点M ，使△AOM 为直角三角形，利用图象法求解即可．【详解】解：∵△AOM 是直角三角形，∴当对称轴x ≠0或x ≠3时，一定存在两个以A ，O 为直角顶点的直角三角形，且点M 在对称轴上的直角三角形，当对称轴x ＝0或x ＝3时，不存在满足条件的点M ,∴当以OA 为直径的圆与抛物线的对称轴x =−b 2a相切时，对称轴上存在1个以M 为直角顶点的直角三角形，此时对称轴上存在3个不同的点M ，使△AOM 为直角三角形（如图所示）．观察图象可知，−b 2a =−1或4，∴b a =2或﹣8， 故答案为：2或﹣8．17．（2021•温州）图1是邻边长为2和6的矩形，它由三个小正方形组成，将其剪拼成不重叠、无缝隙的大正方形（如图2），则图1中所标注的d的值为6﹣2√3；记图1中小正方形的中心为点A，B，C，图2中的对应点为点A′，B′，C′．以大正方形的中心O为圆心作圆，则当点A′，B′，C′在圆内或圆上时，圆的最小面积为(16﹣8√3)π．【分析】如图，连接FW,由题意可知点A′,O,C′在线段FW上,连接OB′,B′C′,过点O作OH⊥B′C′于H．证明∠EGF＝30°,解直角三角形求出JK,OH,B′H,再求出OB′2,可得结论．【详解】解：如图，连接FH,由题意可知点A′,O,C′在线段FW上,连接OB′,B′C′,过点O作OH⊥B′C′于H．∵大正方形的面积＝12，∴FG＝GW＝2√3,∵EF＝WK＝2,∴在Rt△EFG中，tan∠EGF=EFFG=2√3=√33,∴∠EGF＝30°,∵JK∥FG,∴∠KJG＝∠EGF＝30°,∴d＝JK=√3GK=√3(2√3−2)＝6﹣2√3,∵OF＝OW=12FW=√6,C′W=√2,∴OC′=√6−√2,∵B′C′∥QW,B′C′＝2,∴∠OC′H＝∠FWQ＝45°,∴OH＝HC′=√3−1,∴HB′＝2﹣(√3−1)＝3−√3,∴OB′2＝OH2+B′H2＝(√3−1)2+(3−√3)2＝16﹣8√3,∵OA′＝OC′＜OB′,∴当点A′，B′，C′在圆内或圆上时，圆的最小面积为(16﹣8√3)π．故答案为：6﹣2√3，(16﹣8√3)π．18．（2021•台州）以初速度v（单位：m/s）从地面竖直向上抛出小球，从抛出到落地的过程中，小球的高度h（单位：m）与小球的运动时间t（单位：s）之间的关系式是h＝vt﹣4.9t2．现将某弹性小球从地面竖直向上抛出，初速度为v1，经过时间t1落回地面，运动过程中小球的最大高度为h1（如图1）；小球落地后，竖直向上弹起，初速度为v2，经过时间t2落回地面，运动过程中小球的最大高度为h2（如图2）．若h1＝2h2，则t1：t2＝√2．【分析】利用h＝vt﹣4.9t2，求出t1,t2,再根据h1＝2h2，求出v1=√2v2,可得结论．【详解】解：由题意，t1=v14.9,t2=v24.9,h1=−v12−4×4.9=v124×4.9,h2=−v22−4×4.9=v224×4.9,∵h1＝2h2，∴v1=√2v2,∴t1：t2＝v1:v2=√2,故答案为：√2．三．解答题（共7小题）19．（2021•宁波）如图，二次函数y＝（x﹣1）（x﹣a）（a为常数）的图象的对称轴为直线x＝2．（1）求a的值．（2）向下平移该二次函数的图象，使其经过原点，求平移后图象所对应的二次函数的表达式．【分析】（1）根据抛物线解析式得到抛物线与x 轴的交点横坐标，结合抛物线的轴对称性质求得a 的值即可．（2）将a 的值代入，结合抛物线解析式求平移后图象所对应的二次函数的表达式．【详解】解：（1）由二次函数y ＝（x ﹣1）（x ﹣a ）（a 为常数）知，该抛物线与x 轴的交点坐标是（1，0）和（a ，0）．∵对称轴为直线x ＝2，∴1+a 2=2．解得a ＝3；（2）由（1）知，a ＝3，则该抛物线解析式是：y ＝x ²﹣4x +3．∴抛物线向下平移3个单位后经过原点．∴平移后图象所对应的二次函数的表达式是y ＝x ²﹣4x ．20．（2021•金华）某游乐场的圆形喷水池中心O 有一雕塑OA ，从A 点向四周喷水，喷出的水柱为抛物线，且形状相同．如图，以水平方向为x 轴，点O 为原点建立直角坐标系，点A 在y 轴上，x 轴上的点C ，D 为水柱的落水点，水柱所在抛物线（第一象限部分）的函数表达式为y =−16（x ﹣5）2+6．（1）求雕塑高OA ．（2）求落水点C ，D 之间的距离．（3）若需要在OD 上的点E 处竖立雕塑EF ，OE ＝10m ，EF ＝1.8m ，EF ⊥OD ．问：顶部F 是否会碰到水柱？请通过计算说明．【分析】（1）利用二次函数图象上点的坐标特征可求出点A 的坐标，进而可得出雕塑高OA 的值；（2）利用二次函数图象上点的坐标特征可求出点D 的坐标，进而可得出OD 的长度，由喷出的水柱为抛物线且形状相同,可得出OC 的长，结合CD ＝OC +OD 即可求出落水点C ，D 之间的距离;（3）代入x ＝10求出y 值，进而可得出点（10，116）在抛物线y =−16（x ﹣5）2+6上，将116与1.8比较后即可得出顶部F 不会碰到水柱． 【详解】解：（1）当x ＝0时，y =−16（0﹣5）2+6=116， ∴点A 的坐标为（0，116）， ∴雕塑高116m ．（2）当y ＝0时，−16（x ﹣5）2+6＝0，解得：x 1＝﹣1（舍去），x 2＝11，∴点D 的坐标为（11，0），∴OD ＝11m ．∵从A 点向四周喷水，喷出的水柱为抛物线，且形状相同,∴OC ＝OD ＝11m ，∴CD ＝OC +OD ＝22m ．（3）当x ＝10时，y =−16（10﹣5）2+6=116，∴点（10，116）在抛物线y =−16（x ﹣5）2+6上． 又∵116≈1.83＞1.8，∴顶部F 不会碰到水柱．21．（2021•湖州）如图，已知经过原点的抛物线y ＝2x 2+mx 与x 轴交于另一点A （2，0）．（1）求m 的值和抛物线顶点M 的坐标；（2）求直线AM 的解析式．【分析】（1）将A （2，0）代入抛物线解析式即可求出m 的值，然后将关系式化为顶点式即可得出顶点坐标；（2）设直线AM 的解析式为y ＝kx +b （k ≠0），将点A ，M 的坐标代入即可．【详解】解：（1）∵抛物线y ＝2x 2+mx 与x 轴交于另一点A （2，0），∴2×22+2m ＝0，∴m ＝﹣4，∴y ＝2x 2﹣4x＝2（x ﹣1）2﹣2，∴顶点M 的坐标为（1，﹣2），（2）设直线AM 的解析式为y ＝kx +b （k ≠0），∵图象过A （2，0），M （1，﹣2），∴{2k +b =0k +b =−2， 解得{k =2b =−4， ∴直线AM 的解析式为y ＝2x ﹣4．22．（2020•温州）已知抛物线y ＝ax 2+bx +1经过点（1，﹣2），（﹣2，13）．（1）求a ，b 的值．（2）若（5，y 1），（m ，y 2）是抛物线上不同的两点，且y 2＝12﹣y 1，求m 的值．【分析】（1）把点（1，﹣2），（﹣2，13）代入y ＝ax 2+bx +1解方程组即可得到结论；（2）把x ＝5代入y ＝x 2﹣4x +1得到y 1＝6，于是得到y 1＝y 2，即可得到结论．【详解】解：（1）把点（1，﹣2），（﹣2，13）代入y ＝ax 2+bx +1得，{−2=a +b +113=4a −2b +1， 解得：{a =1b =−4； （2）由（1）得函数解析式为y ＝x 2﹣4x +1，把x ＝5代入y ＝x 2﹣4x +1得，y 1＝6，∴y 2＝12﹣y 1＝6，∵y 1＝y 2，且对称轴为直线x ＝2，∴m ＝4﹣5＝﹣1．23．（2020•宁波）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，二次函数y ＝ax 2+4x ﹣3图象的顶点是A ，与x 轴交于B ，C 两点，与y 轴交于点D ．点B 的坐标是（1，0）．（1）求A ，C 两点的坐标，并根据图象直接写出当y ＞0时x 的取值范围．（2）平移该二次函数的图象，使点D 恰好落在点A 的位置上，求平移后图象所对应的二次函数的表达式．【分析】（1）利用待定系数法求出a，再求出点C的坐标即可解决问题．（2）由题意点D平移到A，抛物线向右平移2个单位，向上平移4个单位，由此可得抛物线的解析式．【详解】解：（1）把B（1，0）代入y＝ax2+4x﹣3，得0＝a+4﹣3，解得a＝﹣1，∴y＝﹣x2+4x﹣3＝﹣（x﹣2）2+1，∴A（2，1），∵对称轴为直线x＝2，B，C关于x＝2对称，∴C（3，0），∴当y＞0时，1＜x＜3．（2）∵D（0，﹣3），∴点D平移到点A，抛物线向右平移2个单位，向上平移4个单位，可得抛物线的解析式为y＝﹣（x﹣4）2+5．24．（2019•宁波）如图，已知二次函数y＝x2+ax+3的图象经过点P（﹣2，3）．（1）求a的值和图象的顶点坐标．（2）点Q（m，n）在该二次函数图象上．①当m＝2时，求n的值；②若点Q到y轴的距离小于2，请根据图象直接写出n的取值范围．【分析】（1）把点P（﹣2，3）代入y＝x2+ax+3中，即可求出a；（2）①把m＝2代入解析式即可求n的值；②由点Q到y轴的距离小于2，可得﹣2＜m＜2，在此范围内求n即可；【详解】解：（1）把点P（﹣2，3）代入y＝x2+ax+3中，∴a＝2，∴y＝x2+2x+3＝（x+1）2+2，∴顶点坐标为（﹣1，2）；（2）①当m＝2时，n＝11，②点Q到y轴的距离小于2，∴|m|＜2，∴﹣2＜m＜2，∴2≤n＜11；25．（2019•湖州）已知抛物线y＝2x2﹣4x+c与x轴有两个不同的交点．（1）求c的取值范围；（2）若抛物线y＝2x2﹣4x+c经过点A（2，m）和点B（3，n），试比较m与n的大小，并说明理由．【分析】（1）由二次函数与x轴交点情况，可知△＞0；（2）求出抛物线对称轴为直线x＝1，由于A（2，m）和点B（3，n）都在对称轴的右侧，即可求解；【详解】解：（1）∵抛物线y＝2x2﹣4x+c与x轴有两个不同的交点，∴△＝b2﹣4ac＝16﹣8c＞0，∴c＜2；（2）抛物线y＝2x2﹣4x+c的对称轴为直线x＝1，∴A（2，m）和点B（3，n）都在对称轴的右侧，当x≥1时，y随x的增大而增大，∴m＜n；。
高考英语冲刺语法填空热点话题专题训练专题07：科技发明与创造 (解析版)
专题07 高考英语三轮冲刺名校模拟语法填空科技发明与创造10篇（解析版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.（2023·江西鹰潭·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have been to the cinema and watched the popular movie “The Wandering Earth II” recently, you might ____1____(impress) by the intelligent quantum computer MOSS. It has no cognitive limitations, removing the perceptual (感性)thinking consciousness and left with the rational algorithm only. In fact, such strong AI like MOSS, does not exist in reality for ____2____ time being.Nevertheless, weaker AI, ____3____ replaces human processing in a specific field, has already been imperceptibly (不知不觉)integrated into our daily life. At present, most of the global AI level exists also at this stage. For example, Robotic Process Automation (RPA), an office software that relieves employees by doing repetitive human tasks, simulating a range of human ____4____(operate) such as on the keyboard and mouse.Furthermore, Open AI ____5____(release) the language model ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) lately, making human-machine interaction much ____6____ humanized and intelligent than ever before. Thanks to its revolutionary user experience, ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after ____7____(it)release. As to ____8____ ChatGPT became such a hit, users think it can display simple results content according to searching keywords.Far from being a Chatbot only, ChatGPT can also realize article creation, code generating and other functions only by requesting. ChatGPT even has the ____9____(capable)to write code just like a professional programmer. It also presents the strong ability in content continuation, literary creation, music creation etc. It is so powerful ____10____ New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.【答案】1．be impressed 2．the 3．which 4．operations 5．hasreleased 6．more 7．its 8．why 9．capability 10．that【导语】这是一篇说明文。
高考英语语法填空名校好题100篇：专题07 科技发明主题(一)基础篇(解析版)
专题07-科技发明主题（一）---基础篇距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍。
Passage 1（2021·湖北武汉·汉阳一中校考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line____1____ (connect) the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time between the two from three hours____2____ 47 minutes. But this isn’t just another bullet train. This beauty, part of China’s Fuxing series, can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, ____3____ (say) to be the world’s first smart high-speed railway.So what makes them “smart”? Well, the carriages____4____ (equip) with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operational abnormalities. Meanwhile, each individual seat has____5____ (it) own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. Though the high-speed trains on the route are autonomous, ____6____monitoring driver will be on board at all times. The trains can____7____ (automatic) start, stop and adjust to the different speed____8____ (limit) between stations. Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.Today, China is home to the world’s largest high-speed rail network, and the____9____ (fast) commercially operating train — the Shanghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains have been put into operation since 2017, _____10_____ the series first launched.【答案】1．connecting2．to3．said4．areequipped5．its6．a7．automatically8．limits9．fastest10．when【分析】本文是说明文。
中考英语10选10(短文填词、选词填空)练习_(含答案)
We can’t stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they don’t destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 .________ idea to build houses along lines where 2. ________ of the earth’s plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. ________be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. ________. Third, you must make the houses as 5. ________ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. ________ ..Scientists are 7. ________ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, people today are still building more 8. ________. The population in and around San Francisco is 9. ________ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. ________ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.1.good2.two3. may4.sand5.strong6. stay up7. afraid8.houses9.now 10.if二Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 ________ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 ________ there.One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 ________ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _______ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 ________ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 ________ by the man. He said angrily, “That’s 7________ !” Mr. Brown’ s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 ________ of them, he said, “You’ve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 ________ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrella s, “You’ve had a 10 ________ day,” he said.1.brought2.mended3. forgot4. beside5.picked6. stopped7. mine8.each9. same 10. lucky三Light travels at a speed(速度) which is about a million times 1 . ________ than that of sound.2. ________ one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some idea of this difference by3. ________ the start of a running match. If you stand far away from the starter(发令员), you can see smoke4.________ from his gun5.________ the sound reaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6. ________ far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7. ________ at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonight’s started on 8. ________ journey towards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be honest(诚实), we 9. ________ say , “ The stars are shining brightly tonight.”We have to say, “ The stars look nice. They were 10. ________ four years ago but their light has just reached our earth. ”1.faster2.In3. watching4. come5. before6. so7. ago8. its9. cannot 10. shining四You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, but it is not true. In the desert we can 1._______ stones. We can see hills, too. There is a little rain in the 2.________, but it is not 3. ______ for most plants.The animals are 4. _______ to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5. ________ shoes, water bags and even tents(帐篷). They use the camels(骆驼) for 6. _______ things.The people of the desert have to keep 7. _______ from places to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is mo more food for their animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 8. _______ place. The desert people are very 9. _______. No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10._______ and give them food and water.1.find2.desert3.enougheful5.make6. carrying7. moving8. another9.friendly 10.trouble五The world of the out-of doors is full of secrets. And 1. ________ are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them. All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about 2.________ they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.Do you know that one of the great presidents of the United States 3 ________ hours and hours studying birds? A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects(昆虫) that he began to collect them. He now has more than one thousand different kinds 4. ________ kept in the glass boxes.Come then with me, and I will help you find some of Nature’s secrets. Let us go quietly through the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other rabbits that there is danger. We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for 5. ________ sleep. We shall watch bees 6. ________ in the air to let other bees know where they can find food. I will 7.________ you many other interesting things, but the 8. ________ thingthat I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears 9.________ when you go out of doors. Nature tells her secrets 10.________ to people who look and listen carefully.1.they2. how3. spent4. carefully5. winter6. dancing7. show8. best9. open 10. only六Mr Hill arrives at London Airport, at the end of a three-week holiday in 1. ________. Usually he wears a beard(蓄着胡须). Since it has been 2.________ there, he has taken it off (剃掉). But his passport photo shows him with his 3. ________.An officer looks at the 4. ________for a moment, and says，"Will you excuse me? Please sit down. I shan't keep you long." With this, he walks away, shows the photo to a second 5.________, and says: "I know that face." The second officer looks at the 6. ________ and asks where Mr Hill has come from. When he hears that Mr Hill has arrived back from Paris, the 7.________ officer smiles and says: "An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday, And that man looks just the kind of man..."8.________ it comes to the first officer who Mr Hill is. He returns to him, and asks: "Did you9. ________ at the No.2. High School?" When Mr Hill answers, 10. ________, that he did, the first officer smiles and says: "I thought so. I'm Jack Smith. You taught me French. You haven't changed a bit."1.France2.hot3. beard4. photo5. office6. passport7. second8. Suddenly9. teach 10. in surprise七Thomas Edison was a great American 1.________ . When he was a child, he was always 2.________ questions and trying out new ideas. No matter 3.________ hard it was, he never gave up.Young Tom was in school for only three months. His teacher didn’t understand why he had 4.________ many strange questions. Most of them were not about his lessons. The teacher didn’t want to teach Tom any 5.________ . He asked Tom’s mother to take the boy home. Tom’s mother taught him to read and write, and she found him 6.________ a very good pupil. He learnt very fast and became very 7.________ in science.One day , he saw a little boy 8.________ on the railway tracks at a station. A train was coming near quiclly, and the boy was too frightened to move. Edison rushed out and carried the boy to 9 .________. The boy’s father was so 10.________ that he taught Edison to send messages by telegraph.1.inventor2. asking3.how4.so5. more6.to be7.interested8.playing9. safety 10.thankful八"Dreams (梦) may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream," some scientists say.Dreams take up about one quarter of our 1 .________ time. People have several2. ________each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in colour. Some dreams are3.________old films. They come to us over and over4.________. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer.Some people get new ideas5. ________ their work from dreams. They may have been 6.________ about their work all day. These thoughts can carry over into dreams.Sometimes we 7. ________with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can't remember the dream. Dreams can disappear (消失) 8. ________ from memory (记忆).Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害的). The9. ________we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That is 10. ________ we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.1 .sleeping 2.dreams 3.like 4. again 5. about 6. thinking 7. wake up 8. quickly9. more 10. why九More than seven hundred years ago, the Prince of Wales had a very big and brave dog called Gelert.One day the Prince wanted to go 1. ________ with his men. He told his 2. ________ to stay at home and look after his baby son. The baby was in a wooden cradle (摇篮), which was like a small bed.When the Prince came back from hunting, Gelert ran out to meet his master. He wagged his tail and jumped up to put his paws （前爪）on the Prince's chest. Then the Prince saw the blood on Gelert's jaws and head."What have you done?" the Prince said. He rushed into his house and 3. ________his baby son. The cradle was lying on its side on the floor. The clothes were torn and there was blood on them."So you have killed my son?" the Prince said angrily. "You unfaithful dog!" He took out his sword（剑）and 4. ________ the dog. Just as Gelert was 5. ________, he managed to bark. Then the Prince heard a baby call to the dog.The Prince ran out of the house and saw his son lying on the ground unhurt. Near him was a dead6. ________. Then the Prince knew that Gelert had defended（保卫）the baby and killed thewolf.The Prince ran7.________ into the house but he was too late. Gelert was dead. The Prince was very sad indeed. 8. ________ran down his face when he realized 'he had killed 9. ________faithful friend. The Prince carried the body of his brave dog to the top of a mountain and buried him there. After this, the Prince never smiled again. Every morning at dawn, he walked up the mountain and stood by the dog's grave for a few minutes.If you go to Mount Snowdon in Wales, people will show you where Gelert is buried. There is a sign by his grave. It10.________people of a brave and faithful dog.1.hunting2. dog3. looked for 4,killed 5. dying 6. wolf. 7. back 8.Tears 9. his10. reminds十Satellites Forecast the WeatherNow satellites are helping to forecast (预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The 1.________ take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the 2. ________ station. So the scientists there can see the weather of any part of the world and tell how the weather will change.Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries can 3. ________ satellite pictures. 4. ________they receive the new pictures, they compare (比较) them with the earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have 5. ________during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather 6. ________, they can tell people about it. So the weather satellites are of a great7. ________to the scientists at the station. In the past they could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours 8. ________. Now they can make good forecasts for three 9 ________ five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather 10. ________ a week or more ahead.1.satellites2.weather3.receive4.When5.changed6. forecast7. help8.earlier9. or 10. for十一Catherine was a famous writer of children's stories. She lived in a fine old house in a small town near London. Often she worked at home, in her quiet 1.________.Long before her books became popular, she had tried to teach 2 how to use a computer. And now she typed（打字）all her stories on her computer. But sometimes she had to 3 the house to get some books from the library or have a meeting. She didn't like being away because she was worried about burglar（盗贼）.So she was very careful. Just before leaving, she always put a full cup of coffee on the writing desk, and left the radio playing to make a burglar think someone 4be at home.One day she came back after a day out, and found that there was something different in her house. There was only a little 5. lift in the cup, and the radio was off. But when she looked at her computer, she saw it was 6. , and someone had typed in a new story. She had no idea who had got in, or how, because none of the doors or windows was broken. Then she sat down to read the story. To her surprise, it was a very good one. "I'll use it in my 7.book!" she said 8 .The next month she had to go to London. She put a cup of coffee and a plate of sandwiches on the desk. When she returned, the coffee and the sandwiches had 9. .She ran to the computer. This time there was only a 10. on the screen（屏幕）."IT'S NOT YOUR STORY.IT'S MINE!" it said.1.study2. herself3. leave4. must5. coffee6. on7. next8. happily9. gone 10. message十二Tom lived a way from town. One day he went into town to buy something in the shop, and after he bought 1. ________ he wanted, he went into a restaurant and sat 2 . ________ at the table. When he looked round, he saw some old people 3. ________ eyeglasses on before 4. ________ their books, so after lunch he went to a shop to buy 5. ________, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a 6. ________.The man in the shop made him 7. ________on a lot of glasses, but each time Tom said, “ No, I can’t read with these. ”The man became 8 . ________and more puzzled (困惑) . At last he said, “ Excuse me, but 9. ________you read at all?”“ No, I can’t! ” Tom said, “10. ________ I can read, do you think I will come here to buy glasses? ”1.what2.down3.put4.reading5.glasses6.shop7.try8.more9.can 10.If十三1 for my2 birthday present. The shop wanted $ 20 for a special design3 a T-shirt, so I decided to do it4 . I bought a white cotton T-shirt5 $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it!Painting T-shirts is great fun. You 6 be a great artist, you can just paint shapes and lines. The T-shirts are the 7 expensive part of my hobby. Also you have to use special fabric paints and you need to buy good quality brushes.I love my hobby 8 I can make T-shirts that no-one else has. I give a lot of them away 9 presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, I’ve 10 about 60 T-shirts and each one is different.1.ago2. brother’s3. on4. myself5.for6. needn’t7. most8. because9. as 10. made十四Have you ever been to Disneyland? For most of the kids 1 the world, this 2 park is a fantastic place for them to have fun. When we 3 young, we all have heard 4 Mickey Mouse, Sleeping beauty, Snow White and many Disney characters. Some of us 5 have seen them in cartoons. Actually, you can go to seethem all in a theme park. Now, there are four 6 Disneyland amusement parks all over the world. Two are in the United States, one is in Tokyo, and the 7 is in France. There are not only some amusement attractions there , 8 also many specials with Disney characters. In Disneyland, you can have a lot of fun watching Disney movies, 9 in Disney restaurants, and buying Disney 10 .1.around2. amusement3. were4. of5. probably6. different7. other8. but9. eating10.gifts十五Do you want to be healthier? Then go 1 the passage, and you may find it’s easy to keep fit.1)Eat all kinds of foods, especially fruits and vegetables.You may have a favourite kind of food, but the best 2 is to eat as many kinds as possible. If you eat 3 foods, you’re more likely to get the nutrients your body needs . Taste new foods that you 4 tried before. Some foods, such as green vegetables, are very important. Have five servings(份) of fruits and three vegetables.2)Drink water and milk often.When you are really 5 , cold water is the No. 1 choice. Kids need calcium(钙) to grow strong, and milk is a great source of this mineral (矿物质) . How much do children 6 ? About three glasses of milk every day.3) Limit screen time.What’s screen time? It’s the 7 for watching TV, DVDs, and videos, 8computer games, and using the computer. If you spend much time 9 these activities, you may have less time left to take 10 , such as playing basketball, bicycling, and swimming.1.through2. choice3. different4. never5. thirsty6. need7. time8. playing9. on 10. exercise十六(cook、dark、high、lead、light、luck、map、sign、sure、worry)It was already late when we started for the next town,which according to the _1_was about fifteen miles away on the other side of the hill.There we felt_2_that we would find a bed for the night.Soon _3_fell after we left the village,but _4_,we met no one as we drove fast along the narrow road that _5_to the hill.As our car climbed _6_,it became colder and the rain began to fall,making it difficult to see the road.After we had travelled for about twenty miles,there was still no_7_of the town which was marked on the map,we were beginning to get _8_.Then,the car suddenly stopped .A quick examination showed that we had used up the gas.Although we had little food with us,we diceded to spend the night in the car.Our meal was soon _9_, and then I tried to go to sleep at once,but John,who was a poor sleeper,got out of the car after a few minutes and went for a walk up the hill.Soon he found,in the valley bellow,the _10_of the town we were looking for.We at once pushed the car to the top of the hill.In less than a quarter of an hour ,we were in the town.【答案】1.map 2.lucky 3.darkness 4.surely 5.leading 6.higher 7.sigh 8.worried 9.cooked 10.lights十七(exercise big get child sizeinside clear arrive what make)Dogs are very good pets.They are very friendly to people and very beautiful,too.Most dogs get on well with_6_and their parents.Others are good watchdogs because they cry loudly when a strange person_7_When you buy a dog,an important thing to think about is its_8_--buy a small dog if your home is small and a _9_one if your is larger.Many people don't know -10_to feed their dogs.Dogs eat almost anything!They like meat,rice and lots of other things.You can buy lots of food which is _11_for dogs in shops.Don't let your dog eat too much.Always leave some _12_water for your dog.It can _13_thirsty very quickly,especially in summer.Remember that dogs need _14_.You should take it for a walk every day.Don't keep your dog _15_all day.【答案】6.children 7.arrives 8.size 9.bigger 10.what 11.made 12.clear 13.get 14.exercise 15.inside十八between, truth, courage , cry,at once , he , that , stay , later , whatA father was really worried about his son, who was sixteen years old but had no _▲86_ at all. So the father decided to call on a monk (修道士)to train ▲87_child.The monk said to the boy's father, "You should leave your son alone here, I'll make him into a _▲88_man within three months. However, you can't come to see him during this period."Three months_▲89_, the boy's father came. The monk arranged a box match _▲90__the child and an experienced boxer. Each time the fighter s truck the boy, he fell down, but __▲91_the boy stood up, and each time he was knocked down again, then the boy stood up again. Afterseveral times, the monk asked, "What do you think of your child?""▲92_ a shame (羞愧)!" the boy's father said. "I never thought he would be so easily knocked down. I needn't have him__▲93_here any longer.""I am sorry ▲94_that's all you see. Don't you see that each time he falls down, he stands up again instead of ▲95__? That's the kind of courage you wanted him to have."【答案】86. courage 87. his 88. true 89. later 90.between91. at once 92.What 93.stay 94. that 95. crying。
中考英语选词填空专题(解析版)
选词填空知识精讲一、题型根据句子的内容，确定词义，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，确定词性和词形变化，把这些单词填入空白处，使文章正确、通顺。
这种题型考查的是学生对于句子的理解能力和基础语法的运用能力，特别是单词的词性和词形转化能力。
它是介于阅读理解和书面表达之间的一种题型。
二、解题技巧1. 在拿到题目后，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。
同时对词义作初步的理解。
2. 通读句子，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。
理解句子内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3. 在选定单词或词组后，不要轻率地填入。
在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。
例如：match-matches，friend-friend‘s/friends’。
其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny，use-useful/useless/used，danger-dangerous；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- to do，现在分1词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done…)。
形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting，happy-happily，happy –happiness；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法;数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third，2/3-two thirds，one thousand/thousands of ;冠词只需要在a或an之间判别，如a girl/an old man；当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。
2021年高三化学一轮复习阶段性测试 专题07 化学反应速率化学平衡 解析版 含答案
2021年高三化学一轮复习阶段性测试专题07 化学反应速率化学平衡解析版含答案一、选择题(本题包括5个小题，每题2分，共10分，每题只有一个选项符合题意。
)1．用于净化汽车尾气的反应：2NO(g)＋2CO(g)2CO2(g)＋N2(g)，已知该反应的反应速率极慢，570K时的平衡常数为1×1059。
下列说法正确的是( ) A．装有尾气净化装置的汽车排出的气体中不再含有NO或COB．提高尾气净化效率的常用方法是升高温度C．缩短反应所需时间的最佳途径是研制高效催化剂D．570K时该反应正向进行的程度很大，故使用催化剂并无实际意义[答案]C[解析]本题考查的是净化汽车尾气时发生的可逆反应。
该反应为可逆反应，因此排出的气体中仍有NO或CO，A错；不确定该反应的热效应，升高温度时平衡移动的方向不确定，B错；使用催化剂可以缩短反应所需的时间，C正确；使用催化剂可加快化学反应速率，加快有害气体的转化，D错。
2．(xx·济南一模)一定条件下的密闭容器中：4NH3(g)＋5O2(g)4NO(g)＋6H2O(g) ΔH＝－905.9kJ·mol－1，下列叙述正确的是( )A．4mol NH3和5mol O2反应，达到平衡时放出热量为905.9kJB．平衡时v正(O2)＝45v逆(NO)C ．平衡后降低压强，混合气体平均摩尔质量增大D ．平衡后升高温度，混合气体中NO 含量降低[答案]D[解析]A 项，由于该反应是可逆反应，故达到平衡时反应物不能全部转化为生成物，放出热量小于905.9 kJ ，不正确；B 项，反应速率之比等于反应方程式前的计量数之比，所以平衡时的正逆反应速率关系应为v 正(O 2)＝54v 逆(NO)，故不正确；C 项，降低压强，化学平衡向正反应方向移动，气体总质量不变，而气体总的物质的量增大，则平均摩尔质量减小，不正确；D 项，正反应是放热反应，升温，化学平衡逆向移动，NO 含量降低，正确。
2022年湖北中考英语真题(武汉黄石黄冈荆州等)分项汇编专题 7 短文填空(解析版)
2022年中考英语真题分项汇编（湖北专用）专题07 短文填空一、（2022·湖北江汉油田、潜江、天门、仙桃中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Gao Chai in the Qi Kingdom. Gao Chai was clever and kind-hearted. Many stories about his childhood ____1____ (tell) in his hometown.For example, one day, little Gao Chai and his friends ____2____ (play) near a river when one of them fell into the water. The other ____3____ (kid) were shocked and very frightened (受惊吓的). They did not know what ____4____ (do) and there were no adults to help. Gao Chai ____5____ (quick) found a solution. He picked up a large gourd (葫芦) and threw ____6____ to his friend in the river. His friend ____7____ (understand) at once and caught the gourd, which enabled him to float on the water and swim to the river bank.Gao Chai's mother was often ill. When his father was out, the little boy would help a lot in the house, cooking meals for his mother and preparing medicine for ____8____ (she).After some time, Gao Chai went to the Lu Kingdom and became a student of Confucius (孔子). He was neither good-looking ____9____ tall, and he did not talk much. Even Confucius did not have a high opinion of him at first. Fortunately, Gao Chai had one good friend among his classmates whose name was Zilu. Zile later served ____10____ an official (官员) in the Lu Kingdom. He was asked to recommend (推荐) someone to be a good government official. The person he recommended was Gao Chai.【答案】1．were told 2．were playing 3．kids 4．to do 5．quickly6．it 7．understood 8．her 9．nor 10．as【解析】【导语】本文向我们介绍有关高柴的一些故事。
2020年高考英语全国卷模拟题汇编专题07 语法填空(解析版)
专题07 语法填空（2020届安徽淮北市高三第一次模拟考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You've heard of getting lost in a book. Now，get ready to get lost in a “river of books” Zhongshuge，a bookstore in Yangzhou，China. When 41．(walk ) into Zhongshuge，you're surrounded on all sides by a tunnel of books. An 42．(architecture) studio called X+Living designed Zhongshuge. The shelves 43．(arrange) in curved shapes to create the tunnel-like appearance.The floor is covered with black mirrors，reflecting the shelves above and creating the feel 44．the bookshelves continue down past the floor you‟re standing 45．. As it turns out，the store's design has more 46．(significant) than just a fun feel. Yangzhou is full of canals and rivers. X+Living，therefore，47．(combine) this concept with Zhongshuge 48．(perfect) ，and tried to create a "river" of books. As if all that weren't enough，Zhongshuge has49．amazing space for children's books as well. The bookshelves are shaped like houses，clouds，and even a hot air balloon 50．(offer) them a paradise.【答案】41．walking42．architectural43．are arranged44．that45．on46．significance47．combined48．perfectly49．an50．to offer【解析】这是一篇说明文。
2023年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇：专题07 定语从句 (解析版) (全国通用)
专题07定语从句养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
2023年高考真题1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.【43题详解】考查定语从句。
句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。
故填which/that。
【44题详解】考查名词。
句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。
初二英语上学期期末专项复习专题09 选词填空(10选10)(解析版)
选词填空（10选10）一better,remember,take,one,me,make,be,time,experience,luckilyLast summer,I joined a study camp in the U.S.I improved my oral English and1.lots of friends there.The most important thing was that I found English study could be full of fun!The camp lasted for three weeks.Besides2.a tour in the city we also had a special class which I had never had in the past.The class included two parts.We watched a movie3..Then we acted out the scenes.That day,the teacher showed us a popular TV show Sherlock.That4.my favorite.I was so happy.I was sure to play it well as I had watched it many5..But soon,my confidence totally faded.It was so hard to6.the English lines(台词).And acting was not my strong point.I was too shy to perform with foreign kids.7.,they were far kinder,funnier,more interesting and creative than I had thought.They encouraged me to try.They also cheered for8.and gave me five when I did a good job.It made me feel much 9..After practicing lots of times,we finally did it well.I played Sherlock and another kid played Dr.Watson.We tried to imitate their movements,their voices of words and even their British accents.The teacher gave us a big applause.It was so much fun.I’m so proud of myself.These10.during these three weeks will never fade from my memory.【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
小学语文三年级上册专题专项汇编 专题07 选字(词)填空(解析版)
小学语文三年级上册专题专项汇编专题07 选字（词）填空（解析版）1.【2021·黑龙江省佳木斯市同江市·期末真题】选词填空。
富饶富裕富强（1）( )的西沙群岛，是我们祖祖辈辈生活的地方。
（2）我们的祖国，日益走向繁荣( )。
（3）林阿姨家虽然( )，但她穿着依然很朴素。
陆续继续连续（4）我军的伤员( )从火线上抬下来。
（5）他低下头，( )帮我把扣子钉好。
（6）白求恩大夫在手术台旁，( )工作了六十九个小时。
【答案】富饶富强富裕陆续继续连续【详解】本题考查选词填空。
（1）富饶：物产丰富；财物充足。
这句话的意思是物产丰富的西沙群岛，是我们祖祖辈辈生活的地方，由此可知，此处应填入“富饶”。
（2）富强：物产丰富，力量强大。
常形容一个国家的繁荣发达。
这句话的意思是我们的祖国，日益走向繁荣、发达，由此可知，此处应填入“富强”。
（3）富裕：财物丰富充足。
这句话的意思是林阿姨家虽然财物丰富充足，但她穿着依然很朴素，由此可知，此处应填入“富裕”。
（4）陆续：表示先先后后，时断时续的状态。
这句话的意思是我军的伤员先先后后从火线上抬下来，由此可知，此处应填入“陆续”。
（5）继续：（活动）连下去；接着做，不间断。
这句话的意思是他低下头，接着帮我把扣子钉好，由此可知，此处应填入“继续”。
（6）连续：一个接一个地连续不断。
这句话的意思是白求恩大夫在手术台旁，连续不断地工作了六十九个小时，由此可知，此处应填入“连续”。
2.【2021·河南省周口市西华县·期末真题】选字组词。
【钓钩勾】鱼( )( )鱼( )当【线钱浅】( )显视( )金( )【答案】钩钓勾浅线钱【详解】本题考查形近字。
钩：悬挂或探取东西用的器具，形状弯曲，头端尖锐。
根据字义可组词为“鱼钩”。
钓：用钓饵诱鱼或其他水生动物上钩。
根据字义可组词为“钓鱼”。
勾：用笔画出钩形符号，表示删除或截取；招引；引。
根据字义可组词为“勾当”。
专题07 读后续写(解析版)
专题07 读后续写1.【2024届广西柳州高中、南宁三中高三联考试题】阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语段续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
续写的词数为150左右。
As an independent, self-reliant person who always handled everything by myself, I didn’t expect parenting to be hard. Oh, sure, it’s difficult for other people. I heard parents complaining all the time — kids are challenging; nothing is ever clean; there’s not enough time in the day to do everything. But that was “other people” and I knew I could handle it. How complicated could it be?I’d always dreamed of adopting a child, and finally my dream came true one summer afternoon. Even though we had requested only one child, the worker asked, “Could you take another baby and his eleven-year-old brother?” Of course, we could. We had room to have all three boys together.The first week after they moved in, I spent my days rushing from task to task, cleaning and making sure they had all they needed. I constantly organized our living room, which was suddenly full of toys, and picked up the path of destruction left in the boys’ wake. Cooking and cleaning after meals and snacks seemed to take half of my day. I hardly ever sat; something always needed to be done.“I think we need a break,” my husband told me one evening as I was falling asleep on th e couch as usual.“No,” I refused. The idea of sending them to a stranger sickened me. However, with each passing day, I was growing more and more exhausted. Besides meeting the physical needs of the boys, there were medical and emotional needs. Both the little ones constantly clung (黏住) to me. It was never quiet in our house; I felt overwhelmed.One night, my husband said firmly that he needed a break. Whether I “needed” one or not, we were going to take one. With tears rolling down my cheeks, I nodded, kn owing it was true, although I didn’t want to admit my weakness.I called my parents.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________Asking for help is something I must keep re-learning as time goes on, but it’s getting easier.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________【答案】I called my parents. Hearing what happened, they agreed to come immediately. When seeing my parents with toys, both little boys let go of my hands and reach to touch them. Within a few moments, our kids were thrilled toplay with their grandparents. Watching them play with smiles on their faces, I felt a sudden wave of relief wash over me. My husband I and spent the evening relaxing and spending time together. I slept late the next morning and spent the day enjoying the sunshine as I worked in my garden.Asking for help is something I must keep re-learning as time goes on, but it’s getting easier. Now we regularly ask our parents to take care of the kids so we can take date nights or even quick trips as a couple. I’ve learned to embrace rest. I don’t need to work every second of the day; things don’t have to be perfect. My house is not always as clean as I would like, and sometimes we eat frozen pizza for dinner. But embracing self-care and asking for help allow each day to be filled with love and laughter instead of anxiety and frustration.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一个独立、自立、凡事都亲力亲为的人，没想到养育孩子会如此艰难。
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选词填空（10选10）解题方法(1)侧重语篇的理解,结合上下文意思去做题。
(2)注意名词单复数变化,注意动词时态变化,注意形容词的比较级和最高级,注意形容词、副词、名词之间的转化。
3.备考建议(1)注意识记词汇表,特别是词汇表中的名词、动词、形容词、副词。
(2)掌握词性之间转化的规律和方法。
4.【题型分析】综合填空：让学生结合上下文和语法知识进行填空,此题型侧重考查单词词形的转化。
如:基数词变序数词,可数名词单数变复数,形容词变副词,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级、动词的时态和语态等。
5.【解题技巧】1.牢记中考词语运用题型中词形转化的常见、常考方式。
(1)名词:可数名词单数变复数。
(2)数词:基数词变序数词。
(3)代词:人称代词的主格、宾格;形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词以及反身代词。
(4)形容词、副词:形容词变副词;形容词、副词的比较级和最高级。
(5)动词:动词的时态和语态。
2.找准标志词,用正确形式填空。
如:one of...就是形容词、副词最高级和名词复数的常见标志。
3.注意单词拼写。
根据句意、固定搭配等去答题。
填冠词要注意定冠词the和不定冠词a、an的选择。
填连词要注意前后两句话的关系。
填介词要注意固定搭配。
满分技巧空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记。
要有’s不能弃。
动词注意要变形，形、副词用法要谨记。
要用数词请留意，千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂。
填入代词需慎重，五格变化记心中。
一阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
每空限填词，每词限用一次。
Peter sees many kinds of animals in the zoo on Sunday. He sees two . 1 They like playing in the water. Peter sees three giraffes ( 长颈鹿) 2 . They’ re 3 and beautiful. They are near a big tree. They like eating leaves (树叶) very much. Peter takes many photo of 4 .Peter also (也) sees a panda. The 5 name is Lanlan. She’ s really cute. She likes sleepingand eating, Bamboo is her 6 food.Peter likes Kingba best. He’ s a strong lion from Africa. He is in the cage (笼子). He likes eating 7 .At last (最后), Peter sees a red 8 black bird (鸟) from America. She can 9 Chinese and English. Peter 10 to talk with (和……谈话) her, but the bird flies away.【答案】1.elephants2. too3.tall4.them5.panda’s6.favorite7. meat8.and9.speak 10.wants二第一节阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
I’m Kangkang. I have a good friend. 1 name is Ben. He comes 2 America. He comes to China because(因为)his parents 3 in China. Now he is 4 my class. He speaks English very well, 5 his Chinese isn’ t good. I often help him 6 Chinese and he helps me with English. We help each other. He has 7 friends in our school. He often plays with his friends. He likes to eat Chinese food. His 8 food is jiaozi. I often invite(邀请)him to my home 9 dinner. So he is very 10 . Do you want to be Ben’s friend?【答案】1. His2. from3. work4. in5. but6. with7. many8. favorite9.for 10. happy三第一节根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文意思通顺、完整。
每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
请将答案写在题后的横线上。
It is August sixteenth today. Cindy is very __1__ because it is her thirteenth birthday.After school, Cindy comes home. She sees a blue card on the __2__. It says, “ We have a present(礼物) for you, Cindy. Look for it in your __3__. ”Cindy comes to her room. Her __4__look at her and smile. On the chair she sees __5__ red box. She thinks her present must be in it.She opens the red box, and __6__ a yellow card in it. It sa ys, “ Dear Cindy, I’m your present. My first letter(字母)is in the word ‘ bag’, but not in ‘age’. My __7__letter is in ‘ like’, but not in ‘lake’. My third letter is in ‘know’, but not in ‘now’. And you can find __8__ last letter in ‘desk’ and ‘get’. What am I? ”Cindy thinks for some time and says, “Aha, I __9__. It’s a bike. But where is it? ” Her father says to her, “Look! It is__10__the yard(院子). ”【答案】1. happy2. table3. room4. parents5.a6. finds7. second8. my9. know 10. in四第一节阅读短文,用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,使语意通顺、完整。
(每空一词,每词限用一次)Sally and Sandy are 1 .Sandy is lazy(懒惰的)·One day, they want to have dinner at homeSally says, to 2 ,Could you please go to buy some fish and meat?I want to get some water.No.I’m tired(疲劳的).I don‘t want to go,”says Sandy.Sally has to 3 to buy fish and meat.One hour later,she comes 4 home.She asks Sandy to get 5 water.But Sandy isn’t happy.She doesn’t want to do it.She says she is not 6 .Sally has to7 some water.Sally asks Sandy to cool 8 .But Sandy says she can’t do it. Two hours later,dinner is ready(准备好的).Sally tells Sandy to 9 it.Sandy is very happy.She says,"Yes,I’ll do it.I10 to do it a lot.【答案】1.sisters2.her3.go4.back5.some6.strong7.get8.dinner9.eat 10.like五根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。
Hello, my name is Cheng Ling. Linda is my __1__ name.I’m twelve years old. My __2__ is on July 16th. Today is my birthday.In the __3__, my parents take me to a clothes __4__ and buy me a yellow sweater. I __5__ it very much. In the afternoon, we take a trip.It’s very __6__ and relaxing. In the evening, we have a __7__ at home. My friends Helen and Jeff come to my party. They give(给) me a birthday card. It’s very __8__. My parents are very __9__, but they are very happy. I have a good __10__ today.【答案】1. English2. birthday3. morning4. store5. like6. interesting7. party8. nice9. busy10. time六用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。
(有两项多余)Hi! I’m Mike. I am 1 years old. Now I’m in Shanghai with my parents. There is a 2 store next to my house. Its name is New Century Clothes Store. You can buy all kinds of 3 in it. They have sweaters at a 4 good price. Do you 5 bags? They 6 great bags for 26 yuan each. They have hats in red, black and yellow. They also have nice skirts for girls. For 7 , they have shorts and sports socks. Do you want to come here? 8 Wang, John and I want to go there this afternoon. I want a 9 of shoes.【答案】1. fifteen2. big3. clothes 4. very 5. need6. sell7. boys8. Mr.9. pair七Hello，I'm Gina.I 1. Mike this morning.Mike is my good 2. ．Mike is his first name，and his 3. name is Smith.He 4. 13.He is in No.4 5.School now.What's this in English？This is 6. blue pen.What's that？It's a 7. .What 8. is it？It is 9. .It is Mike's phone.What's his phone 10. ？It's 5807693.【答案】 1. meet 2.friend st 4. is 5.Middle 6. his 7.phone 8.color 9. red 10.number八Hi，I'm Jenny.Here are two 1. .They are 2. .My grandparents and my parents are in the 3.photo.This is my grandfather，Alan.This is 4. grand-mother, Alice.These 5. my mother and father.They're Eric and Sally.6. are in the next photo？7. are my two brothers，my sister and my cousin.My 8.are Jack and Bob.My sister is Cindy.My 9. is Helen.You can see a white and black dog.It's in the next photo，10. .【答案】1.photos 2.nice 3.first 4.my 5.are 6.Who 7. They 8.brothers 9.cousin 10.too九Hello，my name is Amy Green.1. I am in my classroom.This is my 2. .In it，you can see some 3. and my pencil box.The books 4.English and Chinese books.The pencil box is yellow.What's in the pencil box？My pen and my ruler are 5. it.My pen is blue，and my ruler is purple.6. eraser is in it，too.It's from my 7. .Where(在哪里)is my dictionary？I can't 8.it.It's blue.My first name is on it.Please call 9. if you see it.My telephone 10.is 885－6676.【答案】1. Now 2. schoolbag 3.Books 4. are 5. in 6. An 7. mother 8. find 9. me 10.number十I'm Bob Brown.I am 1. English boy.Now I am in China with my 2. and my sister，Jane.I'm 13 and I'm in No.12 Middle School.Now I'm in 3. 7E.I have a green pencil box and two 4. .They're in my schoolbag.My schoolbag is on the chair.5. is blue.What's on my desk？My books and dictionary 6. on it.The boy in a blue jacket is my good 7. .His first name is Tim and his last name is Green.His schoolbag is 8. ，too.Where is it？It's on 9. desk.Can you see a baseball？It's Tim's.It's on his chair.I 10. play(玩)baseball with Tim at school.【答案】1.an 2. parents 3.Classroom 4. cards 5.It 6.are_ 7.friend8.blue 9.his 10. always十一I have an 1. .His name is John Smith.He 2. a son and a 3. ，Bob and Kate.Bob likes 4. .He has ten 5. bats，8 baseballs，6 basketballs and 12 soccer6. .He plays soccer7. his friends in the afternoon.And John's daughter，Kate，likes8. .But she9.watches it on TV.She doesn't like soccer.She thinks it's 10. .【答案】1. uncle 2. has 3.daughter 4.sports 5.tennis 6.balls 7.with 8.volleyball 9.only 10.boring .十二pear，a，what，always，your，be，healthy，for，well，II'm Jenny. I'm 1. English girl. I have 2. eating habits. I 3.have breakfast at home. I have an egg and a cup of milk. I have lunch at school. 4. lunch，I like rice and vegetables. They are 5. food. They are good for 6. . 7. do I have for dinner？Oh，I only eat some fruit，like 8. ，apples，bananas and oranges. I don't want to 9. fat，so I don't eat ice－cream after dinner. How about 10. eating habits?【答案】1.an 2. good 3. always 4. For 5.healthy 6. me 7. What 8.pears 9. be 10. your十三sale，schoolbag，one，at，come，in，be，they，all，needHello，friends！Do you want clothes？Please 1. to Sunshine Clothes Store.We have sweaters in 2. colors for only $20.We have trousers 3. blue，green，white and black.The black trousers are $15.The white trousers are $20.The green 4. are only $12.Do you 5. sports shoes？We have sports shoes 6. very good prices—only $20.The shorts are $20，too.The socks 7. good，and they are on 8. for $1！These 9. are very nice.They are $e and have a look at the clothes now！I think you will like 10. .【答案】1. come 2. all 3. in 4. ones 5. need 6. at 7. are 8. sale 9. schoolbags 10. them十四on，bat，year，birthday，my，a，do，playing，twelfth，like Hello, boys and girls！1. name is Sally. I'm a girl. I'm thirteen 2.old .My birthday is 3. February 2nd. I have a sister. Her name is Kelsey. She is 11 years old. Her birthday is on November 21st. I like 4. ping－pong. I have two ping－pong 5. .They're the nice present(礼物) from my sister on my 6.birthday. My sister 7. not like sports. She 8. music(音乐) and watching TV. Her 9. is coming. I want to buy 10. MP5 player for her. I think she'll like it.【答案】1.My 2.years 3.on 4.playing 5.bats 6.twelfth 7.does8.likes 9.birthday10.an十五Dear Isabel，How are you these days？I am very 1. on Thursday.At 8：00 I have math.It's not 2. .My teacher says it's 3. ，but it's difficult for me.Then at 9：00 I 4. science.It's easy and interesting.At 10：00，I have 5. .After that，I have P．E. We all like it because it's relaxing for 6. .Lunch is always from 12：00 to 1：00.And after that we have 7. ．It's my favorite subject.Our Chinese 8. .Mrs.Chen is great fun.The Chinese class 9. at 1：50，and after that I have 10. art lesson for an hour.I like art very much.How about you？What's your favorite subject？I really want to know about your school life.Your friend，Nancy 【答案】1. busy 2. fun 3. useful 4. have 5. history 6. us 7. Chinese 8. teacher 9. finishes 10. an。