高三英语第一轮复习：代词it的用法冀教版知识精讲

高三英语第一轮复习：代词it的用法冀教版

【本讲教育信息】

一. 教学内容：

代词it的用法

二. 教学重点：

（一）

it的用法主要体现在以下几个方面：作为人称代词的it，先行代词的it，非人称代词的it以及强调句中的it和it的一些习惯用法。

1. it指代事物、群体、经验、活动等。可以代替一个词、词组或整个句子，以免重复。

That wasn’t where you had dinner，was it？

If you remember these points，it will help you.

When can we come to visit you？Any time you feel like it.

I love running. It keeps me fit.

it也可指代婴孩或性别不详的人。

Do you hear a baby crying？Something must have hurt it.

Who is making so much noise？It must be the children.

Somebody is knocking at the door. I don’t know who it is.

Who is it? 未见具体人，不同于Who is that ？见到具体某人，但不相识。

2. it用作非人称代词的主语，表示气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等或虚指的情境。

It’s Sunday tomorrow.

It’s five miles to the nearest station from here.

It was dull when Tom was away.

It seems that no one would like to help you.

Had it not been for my illness last week，I would have gone with them.

3. it常用作先行代词

代指不定式，可用作形式主语或形式宾语，以it作形式主语或形式宾语的动词有believe，consider，feel，find，imagine，make，regard，suppose，think等。

It is difficult to learn written Chinese.

It is of great help to master a foreign language.

It took me a week to recite the text.

I find it quite necessary to make some changes.

He thought it best to be on his guard.

代指动名词，可作形式主语或形式宾语，常用在下列句型中

It is no good（no use，useless）＋动名词

It is a waste＋动名词

代指名词性从句，该结构中的名词性从句可用that，when，who等引导。

It happened that they were away.

She wants to make it clear whether you still love her or not.

It is not known what caused the accident.

Has it been found out who is the murderer？

It is believed／known／reported／said／supposed／thought that an egg is the equivalent of one pound of meat. 可转换为An egg is believed／known／reported／

said／supposed／thought to be the equivalent of one pound of meat.

另外类似take it one’s duty to do something的结构中，think，find，prove，show，deem，believe，consider，count，feel，imagine，make，regard，suppose，take等词

后有不定式作宾语，且有补足语时，必须用形式宾语it代替不定式，若补足语为动名词或

从句，也要用it作形式宾语。

I think it my duty to help her.（＝It is thought my duty. . .）

I found it very easy to learn the rules.（＝It was found very easy. . .）

We shall leave it to him to settle the matter.（＝It is left to him to. . . ，4. 用于强调句型中It is（was）＋被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）＋that（who）…。it无任何指代关系，也无实义。

It was John who（that）wore his best suit to the dance last night.

It was in Shanghai that I first met Jack.

It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to downtown yesterday.

（二）

研究一下近年来的高考试卷可以发现，含 it 的句型几乎年年考到。可见 it 句型的重

要性和使用的普遍性。现根据其用法特点可归纳为下列几个句型。

1. It is＋被强调部分＋that …

该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分

可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用。如果把这

种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

It was they that（who）cleaned the classroom yesterday.

It was in the street that I met her father.

2. It is not until＋被强调部分＋that …

该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语，译成汉语“直到……才……”，可以

说是not … until … 的强调形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

＝Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.

＝I didn’t realize s he was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

3. It is clear（obvious, true, possible, certain…）that …

该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句，常译为“ 清楚（显然，真的，肯定……）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.

＝Th at he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.

4. It is important（necessary, right, strange, natural…）that …

该句型和上一个同属一种句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟

语气（should＋动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

It is important that we（should）learn English well.

It is necessary that he（should）remember these words.