复习高考英语语法语法
高三英语语法总复习——基本句型
2.主语 + 谓语:
The telephone rang. His father might have died. We all breathe, drink and eat. 注:这种结构中的谓语动词是不及物动词,状语并非结构上不可缺 少的成分。但在某种情况下,不加状语便不能表达完整的意思,这 就引出了下列句型: △ 主语 + 谓语 + 状语: The meeting lasted for two hours. We walked for five miles. This box weighs five kilos. He lives in Guangzhou. They will be flying to London.
Pay attention to uniting and working with comrades who differ with you. Learn to play the piano. I’ll get it stamped.
Did you write down what she said?
注③:第一类可以改为由 to 引导的短语;第二类可以改为由 for 引导的短语。 注④:间接宾语用介词词组表示的场合: a. 对间接宾语加以强调时: I’ve bought it for you, not for myself. I’ll hand this letter to the secretary and not to the director. b. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时: I’ll send it to you tomorrow. You’d better hand it directly to the headmaster. c. 当直接宾语比间接宾语短时: She showed the picture to the students sitting near her. d. 当间接宾语置于句首时: Who did you send it to? To him I told the story, not to his brother. e. 当间接宾语和直接宾语都是代词时: He gave it to me. I’ll lend them to you.
高中英语高考语法知识复习(形容词+名词性从句)
高考英语语法知识一、形容词1.修饰名词,对主语或宾语进行补充说明是形容词的基本作用。
1)修饰主语hard work 繁重的工作 nice picture 好看的照片2)对主语或宾语补充说明就是补语。
形容词是补语的一种。
用作补语的形容词一般位于be 动词或宾语后面。
She is beautiful. 她很漂亮。
The work is very hard. 那个工作很难。
2.become/look/remain等动词后面加形容词也是对主语补充说明。
become, get, grow, go, turn 成为...look, appear, seem 好像...,看起来像...remain, stay 保持...状态与be动词相似,但更强调“维持在什么样的状态”。
They got upset when heir team lost the game.当他们队输了比赛时,他们非常生气。
Receiving the presents, the orphans seemed so happy.那些孤儿们收到了礼物,看起来很高兴。
My mom remained calm even though she was upset.即使我妈妈生气了,她始终保持沉默。
他们是富裕的家庭。
They're a wealthy family.他们很生气。
They were very upset.那是件容易的事。
It’s easy work.她看起来很累。
She looked tired.她保持沉默。
She remained silent.3.记住特殊的形容词1)只作补语的形容词alive 活的alone 独自,孤独asleep 熟睡afraid 害怕的sorry 对不起They were alive. 他们还活着。
2)在名词后修饰的形容词事实上,这种形容词完全是因为名词才特殊。
像something,somebody,someone这样的名词,其后附有-thing,-body,-one之类的后缀,这样的名词要放在形容词前,即形容词在后面修饰这些名词。
高考英语语法复习 ---简单句并列句复合句
(武汉调研4月) Put yourself in situations where you will be forced to communicate in English, ___ you will see more progress over time. A. or B. so C. yet D. and (崇文4月) You must get up early in the morning, ___ we’ll have to leave without you A.and B. but C. or D. so
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence)
复合句 (complex sentence = 主句 + 从句)
简单句的五种基本句型
• 主语 + 不及物动词 ( S + Vi ) • 主语 + 及物动词 +宾语 ( S + Vt + O) • 主语 + 系动词 + 表 (S + LV + predicative) • 主语+双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) • 主语 + 宾补动词 +宾语 +宾语补语 • (S + Vt. + O + O. compl) •There + be / stand/ lie / live...
其它平行结构:not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…, would rather…than…(宁愿……不愿 ……), rather than(而不), as well as(既……也……)等。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中,谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如,你、我、他是学生,中文“是”字是一样的,只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变:I am,you are,he is。
主谓一致有三大原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近一致。
(一)语法一致名词是单数,谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等,谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住:绝大多数都用单数,只有明确的复数名词,谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜,只能是复数,如果前面加上“一双”“一条”,后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数,一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然,all才是真正的主语,所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里,She才是真正的主语,所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语高考语法知识整理复习(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句:主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+ had + done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她(事实:去晚了)。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:不可能来)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就去滑冰。
高考英语语法整理(全)
英语语法第一章动词时态1 一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。
再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
2 一般过去时的用法1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
高考常考英语语法知识点总结归纳
高考常考英语语法知识点总结归纳一、主谓一致主谓一致是英语语法中的基本知识点,常常考察于高考中。
在句子中,主语和谓语动词需要在人称和数上保持一致。
例句:1. My brother is a doctor.(我的兄弟是一名医生。
)2. The students are playing basketball.(学生们正在打篮球。
)二、时态时态是表示动作发生的时间的一种语法形式。
掌握时态的正确用法,能够使句子表达更加准确,避免时态错误。
1. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般现在时表示经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
例句:1. They usually go to school by bus.(他们通常乘公共汽车去上学。
)2. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度时沸腾。
)2. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
例句:1. I am studying for the exam.(我正在为考试学习。
)2. She is watching TV right now.(她正在看电视。
)3. 过去时态(Past Tense)过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例句:1. We visited the Great Wall last week.(我们上周参观了长城。
)2. He worked in that company for three years.(他在那家公司工作了三年。
)三、从句的引导词从句是一个可以独立存在的句子,它通常包含一个主语和谓语。
从句根据其功能可以分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
1. 名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
例句:1. What he said is true.(他所说的是真的。
)2. I don't know where he is.(我不知道他在哪里。
高考英语语法总复习名词性从句
• 一、名词性从句的种类
• 名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句、同位语从句。
请思考:
1、English is very useful for us . 2、We need to master English well. 3、The subject I am interested in is English. 4、He want to learn the language , English .
• that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,常 见句型有: • ①it+be+形容词(如: obvious,true,natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely,certain,probable,evident,clear, apparent等)+that从句。 • It is evident that lung cancer is closely related to smoking.
注意:
1. 在口语或非正式问题中,引导宾语从句的that常省略,但 在下面情况下,that 一般不省略 (1) 当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,除第一 个从句的that外,都不可省略。 He told me (that) the power would be cut off and that I should get out. (2)形式宾语it后的that及介词后面的that不能省略。 2. 如果主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think ,consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,后面的宾语 从句含有否定意义,否定转移。 I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你。
(完整版)高考英语语法知识点总结
(完整版)⾼考英语语法知识点总结专题⼀定语从句⼀、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指⼈在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指⼈在从句中作宾语whose 指⼈或物在从句中作定语as 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词2、as 的⽤法(1)常⽤于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表⽰同⼀类,不同⼀个the same…that 表⽰同⼀个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作⽤,表达说话⼈的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以⽤and this来代替,意为“这⼀点,这件事’”。
注意:as常⽤于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, ⼀般不能⽤which代替as。
C、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,⽽as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but⽤作关系代词,相当于who/that…not例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.⼆、只⽤that不⽤which的情况1、.先⾏词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先⾏词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先⾏词是最⾼级或被形容词最⾼级修饰时。
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结在高考英语考试中,语法是一个非常重要且必考的内容。
掌握语法知识点不仅可以帮助我们正确理解句子的含义,还可以帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思。
下面将对高考英语必考的语法知识点进行归纳总结。
一、动词及时态1.动词的基本用法:- 动词的基本形式用于表达一般情况;- 动词的过去式用于表示过去发生的动作或状态;- 动词的现在分词形式可用作形容词或进行时态的谓语;- 动词的过去分词形式可用作被动语态的谓语。
2.动词的时态:- 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;- 现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作;- 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作;- 将来时:表示将来发生的动作或状态。
3.动词的语态:- 主动语态:表示主语进行或完成动作;- 被动语态:表示主语接受动作。
二、代词1.人称代词:- 主格代词用作主语;- 宾格代词用作宾语或介词的宾语;- 形容词性物主代词用于修饰名词;- 名词性物主代词在句中充当名词的作用;- 反身代词表示动作的主体同时也是动作的承受者。
2.指示代词:- 指示代词可用于指示距离的远近或在句中代替特定的事物。
3.不定代词:- 不定代词用于代替不确定或泛指的人或事物。
三、形容词和副词1.形容词:- 形容词修饰名词,用于描述或限定名词。
2.副词:- 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,用于描述或限定动作的方式、程度等。
四、句型和从句1.简单句:- 简单句由主语和谓语构成,能够独立表达一个完整的意思。
2.并列句:- 并列句由两个或多个独立的分句组成,各分句之间用连词连接。
3.复合句:- 复合句包括一个主句和一个或多个从句。
4.定语从句:- 定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,并且不能独立成句。
5.名词性从句:- 名词性从句可以在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。
五、形式和语气1.直接引语和间接引语:- 直接引语是原话的直接陈述或引述;- 间接引语是对原话的复述或改写。
干货高中英语语法归纳总结大全,高考必备
干货高中英语语法归纳总结大全,高考必备1.定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词where when why 等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose 在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
如:①I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.②I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析:在句①中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where 或why 来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which或that来代替。
如:①This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注:当先行词为time,reason, place时,引导词可以省略。
①This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.②That is the reason (why) I did it.③This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外,定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。
高考复习英语语法总结
高考复习英语语法总结
1. 时态
英语中有12种时态,包括简单现在时、进行时、完成时等。
掌握各个时态的用法和构成是非常重要的。
2. 主谓一致
主谓一致指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
例如:He runs fast.(他跑得很快。
)
3. 名词性从句
名词性从句可以充当一个名词,在句子中作为主语、宾语或表语出现。
例如:What he said was true.(他说的是真的。
)
4. 形容词与副词比较级和最高级
形容词与副词比较级表示两者之间的程度差异,最高级则表示三者及以上之间的程度差异。
5. 定冠词与不定冠词
定冠词the用于特定事物前,而不定冠词a/an则用于泛指某个事物。
6. 介系动词及其短语
介系动词后面通常接一个名次或代替名次的短语,并且这些短语都需要使用适当的介系关系来连接起来。
7. 虚拟条件
虚拟条件句分为三种类型:第一类虚拟条件句表示可能会实现但尚未实现的情况,第二类虚拟条件句表示不可能实现的情况,第三类虚拟条件句表示过去本来可以发生但没有发生的事情。
8. 省略
在英语中有些词或短语可以省略,例如:主语、助动词等。
需要根据上下文和语法规则进行判断。
9. 从句连接词
从句连接词用于连接两个分句,在复合句中起到关键作用。
常见的从句连接词包括that, whether, if, when等。
10. 倒装
倒装是指将谓语动词放在主语之前,通常出现在疑问句、否定意义强调时或者某些特殊结构中。
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇文章:高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结为了帮助广大考生复习高考英语语法,本文将根据常见的知识点总结五篇文章,分别对语态、时态、从句、虚拟语气和非谓语动词进行梳理和解析。
一、语态语态是英语中的一大难点,主要是因为中文中没有严格的语态区分,所以需要我们借助一些例子来记忆。
1. 被动语态被动语态用法较为简单,主要就是要记住要将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,同时使用不同的助动词和时态形式。
例如:Active: They build a new hospital here every year.Passive: A new hospital is built here every year.Active: She eats a banana every morning.Passive: A banana is eaten by her every morning.2. 主动语态主动语态用法就是正常的语态,也是比较简单的。
一般来说,我们常常使用主动语态,尤其是在描述我们自己或别人正在进行的动作。
Active: He writes a letter to his friend.Passive: A letter is written to his friend by him.Active: She plays the piano every afternoon.Passive: The piano is played every afternoon by her.3. 非定语动词非定语动词指的是在句子中作为谓语动词的动词,也就是我们最常见的动词形式。
在语态中,非定语动词主要是用来表示一些情感、感叹或存在状态等。
Active: She loves him deeply.Passive: He is loved deeply by her.Active: They usually send the report to the boss.Passive: The report is usually sent to the boss by them.二、时态时态也是英语语法中的一大难点,考生需要掌握现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时等几个常见时态。
2023届高考英语重点语法总结复习讲义
高三重点语法总结复习1.the same...that... 和...一样We don’t have the samework hours that office workers in the city office have.2.so+adj/adv+that; such+n+that;如此...以至于〔结果状从〕The newlybuilt stadium is so big that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.倒装变式;So big is the newlybuilt stadium that it can hold all the teachers and students.3.so that以便...,目的是...〔缘由状从〕I read more books so that I can catch up with my classmates.4.be doing ...when正在做某事...突然She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.5.with/make /leave+宾语+宾补With the current world conditions forcing us to stay longer indoors,you’ve likely tried to pick up a new skill.We should take effective measures to ptotect our planet,making it a more beautiful place.6.when/while/if/as+adj/非谓语〔状语从句的省略:当从句的主语和主句的主语全都或从句的主语为it时,且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时,可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省去〕While+doing; if possible/necessary; as planned/shecduled/arrangedTwo years later.the worker was caught in Italy when trying to selling the painting.7.祈使句+and+陈述句;表示承接8 祈使句+or+陈述句;表示转折Give me a challenge,and I’ll meet it with joy.Please e here,and you will interested in papercuting.8.It is said that=Sb/Sth is said to do 〔据说句型,从句和不定式的相互转化〕On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.On this day,it is said that the moon is biggest and brightest.9.be+adj+to dois easy to do;is hard to doAlthough the work was not easy to do,we felt happy and satisfied.10.表示方位的介词短语或表示时间,地点,方位的副词放于句首时,句子要半倒装常见的有:among;then ;inUnder the big tree was sitting an old farmer.11.常见的主语从句的四种类型:It is +adj+thatIt is +过去分词+thatIt is +名词短语+thatIt is +不及物动词〔happen,occur,appear,seem...〕+thatIt is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.12.I t+现在完成时+since+一般过去时;“自从...已经有多长时间了〞It has been two weeks since you went back home.13.n ot..until“知道...才〞Not until I received your last letter did I learn your keen interest in Chinese culture. 14.w hether...or“无论是...还是〞If he is out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.15.否认词+比拟级“表示最高级〞Nothing is more difficult than that.16.c an not/never/hardly be too +adjcan not/never/hardly be adj+enough “再...也不为过〞You can never be too careful when you cross the road.17.I t is/was...who/that...强调句.I know it is one of chinese traditional art formspapercutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.The more you know about papercutting,the better you will love it.18.t hat引导的同位语结构某些抽象名词后,如:fact,hope,idea,news,belief,sign等后,常跟that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.There are no signs that Tom was a rich man.19.b e of +adj+n=be of +adjbe of great value=be valuable; be of great help=be helpfulbe of great significance=be significant; be of great benefit=be beneficialI do hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you.20.a s long as“只要;引导条件状语从句〞This proves that as long as we have a strong will ,we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.21.h ave a difficult 〔in〕doing sth“有一段困难的时间〞I had a difficult time 〔in〕adjusting to the learning environment when I first entered the new school.22.t he last time“上次〞引导时间状语从句,不和when连用I still remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.23.t hat’s why“那就是为什么...〞that’s because“那是由于〞That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.Form the space,the earth looks blue. This is because about sevenone percent of its surface is covered by water.24.T he reason why...is that...“...的缘由是...〞The reason why I show respect for her is that she never loss temper instead always encourage me.25.t he +比拟级,the+比拟级“越...越〞The more you give,the more you will get.〔付出越多,收获越多〕26.t he moment“一...就〞引导时间状语从句Generally speaking,we are busy reviewing and preparing for the College EntranceExamination the moment we enter senior three.27.n ot...but...“不是...而是〞V oters sometimes feel annoyed,not because they hate voting,but because they don’t like being forced to do so.28.I t’s high time that sb +一般过去时/should +动词原形“到了该做某事的时间了〞It/This/That is/was the+序数词time that sb+现在完成时/过去完成时某人第几次做某事It’s high time that we devoted /should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.It’s the second time that I have been to Shanghai.29.s o所引导的倒装句:so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语Tom likes to keep pets and so does his wife.〔汤姆喜爱养宠物,他妻子也一样〕30.g et+过去分词31.N o sooner +过去完成时+thanhardly+过去完成时+when“一...就〞No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.32.m ake用法make sb do sth让某人做某事;sb be made to do sth被人被要求做某事make it +adjmake oneself doneThe boss made the worker do the work all day.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more convinent. She managed to make herself understood in English.。
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。
下面就是小编给大家带来的高三英语语法知识点总结,希望能帮助到大家!高三英语语法知识点1none、all 的用法a. All has been done.(作主语,表示“所有事”谓动用单数)All are present . (作主语,表示“所有人”谓动用复数)b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football.注意:在回答what/who 问句时,用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……问句时用none.Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing.How much money do you have? None.every、each的使用1)every只能修饰名词,而each既可修饰名词,也可作名词使用。
eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student2)在单独作主语、同位语、宾语时只用each.a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one.b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.3)every能表达“每隔”的含义,而each则不能。
every three days 每3天、每隔2天 every few years每隔几年every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行4)every与one连用,可用of修饰( 要分开写)。
every one of us 我们中的每一人 each of us我们中的每一人every one of the books 这些书中的每1本each of the books这些书中的每1本高三英语语法知识点2代词it、one、that的用法与区别One泛指,指代前面提到的那类人或物,用于指代可数名词,相当于a+名词单数,其复数形式ones前一般要有定语,否则就要用some.?That(those复数)即可指代不可数名词,表特指,相当于the+名词,后面经常与介词修饰语连用。
高考英语语法复习之如何分析英语句子结构
The rain made him at home.
8、同位语:
把一个名词、代词、从句放在另一名词或代词 后,用以说明前者的性质或内容,这样的名词、 代词、从句就叫作同位语。
We Chinese people love peace. Mike, a young boy, changed his own fate. The fact that his brother has succeeded encourages him a lot.
4、表语:
在系动词后表示主语的身份或特征
The boy is happy. That sounds a good idea. They turn 18. 作表语的有: 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、表语从句 形容词、介词短语、表地点或方位的副词、 形容词性质的分词
My watch is gone. The job is interesting.
• Our headteacher required us not to be late for class.
1)接名词作补足语的动词有: make,call, think,consider,believe,find,choose 2)接动词不定式作补足语的动词有: see,watch,notice,let,have,hear,make;ask,tell, order,require,want,advise,persuade, cause,encourage,permit(allow),forbid,teach. 不能用于此结构的动词有:
What he says doesn’t agree with what he does. Why he came late is that his bike broke down on the way. It occurred to me that I had much homework to do. He promised me that he would attend the lecture. What has made the city what it is now?
高中英语高考复习基础语法考点整理(共七方面)
高考英语基础语法考点整理一、名词1.特殊名词的复数:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth,mouse-mice,sheep-sheep, species-species, stomach-stomachs, deer-deer,goose-geese,ox-oxen, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, phenomenon-phenomena,means-means,series-series, crisis-crises, basis-bases, German-Germans,Australian-Australians2.不可数名词:advice, baggage, equipment, information, luggage, furniture, fun, weather,knowledge, jewelry, progress, traffic3.可数不可数均可,但意思不同arm手臂,arms武器good好处,goods货物green绿色, greens蔬菜paper纸, papers论文sand沙, sands沙滩time时间, times时代water水,waters水域wood木材, woods森林work工作, works著作experience经验, experiences经历room空间, rooms房间exercise锻炼, exercises 练习4.只有复数形式的名词trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks,congratulations, belongings, scissors, glasses, wages工资;riches财富;surroundings环境;ashes灰尘;compasses圆规5.复数形式,单数意思的名词plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics6.复合名词的复数形式:girl-friends, boy-students, women-teachers, men-workers, passers-by,go-betweens, grown-ups7.谓语动词用复数的名词police,cattle, clothes, goods8.抽象名词具体化为可数名词surprise, cold, pleasure, pity, failure, success, worry, honor, must,difficulty, youth, beauty, wonder, danger, interest9.辅音字母+o结尾复数加-es的名词tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, hero-heroes10.变“f”或“fe”为“v”之后再加-es为复数形式的名词wife-wives, life-lives, knife-knives, wolf-wolves, self-selves,leaf-leaves,shelf-shelves, thief- thieves11.特殊注意的名词people (民族,人)nature (自然,特性)man(男人,人类),youth (年轻人,青年男子,青春)12.特殊注意的搭配congratulations祝贺have words with sb. 同某人吵架in high spirits以很高热情地give one’s regards to sb.向某人问侯in rags衣衫破烂It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事二、动词时态和语态1.常考动词时态(1)三个一般:一般现在时、一般过去式、一般将来时;(2)三个现在:现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时;(3)三个过去:过去进行时、过去完成时,过去完成进行时。
高考英语复习语法知识讲解讲义(5种基本句型+4种句子成分)
高考英语基本句型英语中常见的句型有以下五种:1、主语 + 谓语2、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语3、主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语4、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语5、主语 + 谓语(系动词)+ 表语一、主谓结构I write、(我写字)You smile、(你微笑)He leaves、(他离开了)She dances、(她跳舞)The river floods、(河水泛滥)The accident happened、(那场事故发生了)某人(或事物)做某事,其中某人(或事物)是动作或行为的发起者,我们称其为主语,后面的动作或行为我们称之为谓语。
二、主谓宾结构I write a letter.You leave your home.He goes to school.She beats me.The flood destroys many houses.The accident causes 2 deaths.上述句子的共同点在于除了表示某人(或事物)做某事之外,还牵涉了另一个人(或事物),这个人(或事物)作为动作或行为的承受者,我们称其为宾语。
三、主谓+双宾结构I write you a letter.His father left him a lot of money.He bought me a new phone.She told me the truth.The government gave him a new mission.在主谓宾结构之外,上述句子又增加了一个人(或事物)作为动作的承受者,也就是又一个宾语。
也可以改写为:I wrote a letter to you.His father left a lot of money to him.He bought a new phone for me.She told the truth to me.The government gave a new mission to him.可以看到,这样调整之后句子的前半部分仍然是完整的主谓宾结构。
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高考英语语法复习动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点,高考试题中,单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中,动词辨义的比重较大,并逐年增加。
动词辨义主要指:1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。
如:lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。
2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。
如:borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。
3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。
如:advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。
4、意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义。
如:explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。
5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。
如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear 等。
6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。
如:give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
(一)易混动词1、lay(放), lie(躺)与lie(说谎):这三个易混动词构成见下表:2、rise和raise:rise是不及物动词,其过去式是rose,过去分词是risen,而raise是及物动词,是规则动词。
3、hear与listen to:hear侧重点是听到,听见什么,而listen to是侧重于听的倾向,但hear用于无意中的听见,而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、see, watch和look:see用作看电影,剧目;watch则用作看电视比赛,而watch还有在旁观看之意。
如:Are you going to play or only watch?;look 一般用作不及物动词,只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词,如:The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯着我的脸。
)5、wind和wound:wind意为蜿蜒而行,其过去式与过去分词都是wound,而动词原形wound意为伤害,其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。
6、hang的用法:hang有两个意思:一为悬挂,是不规则动词,过去式、过去分词都是hung;二为绞刑,是规则动词,其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hear的过去分词born与borne:bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born,borne。
只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时,才可用born。
如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。
如:She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲,则一律用borne。
8、sit与seat:seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲,sit只是表示一动作。
seat 如果表示就座时要用be seated。
如:They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair.9、borrow, lend与keep:借入英文中用borrow,借出用lend,但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词,不能用于长时间的动作,所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、win与beat:win作胜、赢讲时其后应接,a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet,但不能接人,如果接人则有另外的含意。
如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了,我赢得他的好感。
而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲,直接接人、队。
11、steal与rob:steal为偷。
rob为抢,其用法不同。
steal其后接物+from+某人、某地,而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
12、fit与suit:fit与suit均可作合适讲,但英文中却用在不同的地方。
如fit用于尺寸大小的合适,而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、take, bring 与fetch:英文中拿三个词,即拿来,拿去,去取然后回来(即双程)。
所以拿来,带来是bring,拿去带走是take,而去取回来是fetch。
14、shut与close:shut与close有时是可以互换的,但有些地方则不可这样做。
如:在正式场合多用close,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用shut。
如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴);又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合,则要用close。
15、answer与reply:作为回答讲answer是及物动词,如作不及物动词,则意义不同,如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。
而reply作回答讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上to。
16、reach,arrive与get to:reach当到达讲是及物动词,而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲,则是不及物动词。
作到达讲时还有get to, arrive(at/in)。
17、cost,spend与take:英文中花费有三个词cost, spend, take,但各有不同用法。
cost作“花费”讲,主语不能是人,而spend的主语不能是物。
如: she spent all his money on stamps.而take作花费讲时,可用人也可用物做主语。
更多的用法是用形式主语it,如It takes me three hours to finish this work.18、lost, gone与missing:作补足语时意为丢失、不见了,可以用lost, gone,但要用 miss时则不能用missed, 而要用missing.19、have on, wear, put on及dress:作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。
have on与wear作穿着状态讲;但have on不用进行时态,而wear则常要用进行时态。
put on是动作,但dress既可用作状态,又可用作穿衣动作,但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如:He was dressed in a b1ue suit作动作讲时,其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词,如:I dress my children in the morning every day.20、begin与startbegin与Start 均可作开始讲,并无多少区别,同样可接不定式或动名词,但在下面的场合多要用Start:1)机器的开动发动;2)旅途的开始。
如:we shou1d have to start early because there was a lot traffic in the street。
21、allow 与permitallow与permit其后直接接动作时要用动名词,如接人后再接动词则要用不定式,所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。
如:People are not allowed to spit.22、find与foundfind找到的过去式和过去分词都是found,而found是动词“建立”的原形,其过去式和过去分词是founded,founded,如:The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.23、speak, say, talk 与tell英文中讲有4个词,speak, say, talk, tell,但其中speak, talk多用作不及物动词,但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词,如:Please speak English。
而say与tell是及物动词,其中tell常用作接双宾语,如:Tell me a story。
但也有些特定的习惯用法,如:在作讲实话,讲谎言,表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其它词,如:My watch was broken. It couldn’t tell time correctly。
在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said …。
在作辨别不同讲时是tell,如:Can you tell me the difference between the two?而讲别人好坏话时用speak,如:The father always speaks well of his son.。
24、excuse me 与sorryexcuse me用于来打拢对方前以提醒对方注意的提示语,而sorry则表达因作了某事向对方道歉。
25、care for 与care to docare for其后要接不定式时则要省去for或换用名词,如:Would you care for a cup of tea?但care for作照顾讲时与look after相同。
26、与名词易混的动词有:advise(v.), advice (n.); accept(v.),except(prep.); pass(v.), past(prep.); bathe(v.), bath(n.); breathe(v.), breath(n.); choose(v.), choice(n.); succeed(v.), success(n.);27、意义相近的动词:ring摇铃,打铃,电话铃响,strike专指敲钟,打几点,撞击;suggest提出实验性或推测性的建议,advice表示对经验不足人的一种忠告;look由视觉得出的印象,seem暗示一定根据的判定,appear外表印象而实际或结果并非如此;stay停留,逗留,remain遗物,某物被取走一部分后剩余部分;discover(发现)找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西,invent(发明)研制出不存在的东西;remember记忆起以前经历或知道的事,remind提醒某人做某事。
28、动词 + 副词 + 介词:catch up with, look forward to, come up with, keep up with, go in for, look down on, get on with …29、动词 + 介词to的词组有:come to, stick to, object to, agree to, turn to, attend to, belong to, devote to, reply to …30、与in相结合的动词有:give in, hand in, bring in, drop in,su cceed in, take in, check in, engage in, fill in, trade in …(二)动词短语动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。