《社会医学》英文
社会医学英语作文模板
社会医学英语作文模板英文回答:Social Medicine。
Social medicine is a branch of medicine that focuses on the social and environmental factors that affect health and disease. It is a relatively new field, with its roots in the 19th century. However, it has become increasingly important in recent years as we have come to understand the complex relationship between health and society.Social medicine encompasses a wide range of topics, including:The social determinants of health。
The impact of poverty, inequality, and discrimination on health。
The role of social support and social networks in health。
The impact of environmental factors on health。
The development and implementation of health policy。
Social medicine research has shown that social and environmental factors play a major role in health and disease. For example, people who live in poverty are more likely to experience chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. They are also more likely to die prematurely.Discrimination is another social factor that can have a negative impact on health. People who experience discrimination are more likely to suffer from mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety. They are alsomore likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and drinking alcohol.Social support is an important protective factoragainst the negative effects of social and environmental stressors. People who have strong social networks are more likely to be healthy and happy. They are also more likely to be able to cope with stress and adversity.Environmental factors can also have a significant impact on health. Air pollution, water pollution, and climate change are all major threats to human health.Social medicine is a complex field, but it is essential for understanding the social and environmental factors that affect health and disease. By working to improve social and environmental conditions, we can help to create a healthier world for everyone.中文回答:社会医学。
《社会医学》课程教学大纲.doc
【掌握】中国卫生工作方针。
【熟悉】中国初级卫生保健策略。
【了解】健康中国2020战略、中国卫生事业发展“十二五”纲要、新世纪中国特色医疗卫 生改革策略。
思考题
1、实现“21世纪人人享有卫生保健”的行动计划是什么?
2、实施初级卫生保健的原则是什么?
3、结合我国城乡发展的现状,讨论如何在我国实现“21世纪人人享有卫生保健的目标”? 第十三章家庭保健
【掌握】卫生政策指标、与健康有关的社会、经济指标、卫生保健指标、卫生资源指标、 人群健康状况评价指标。
第三节世界卫生状况
【熟悉】全球主要健康问题。
【了解】全球总体健康状况。
第四节中国卫生状况
【熟悉】中国人群主要健康问题。
【了解】中国人群总体健康状况。
思考题
1、研究社会卫生状况的意义是什么?
2、评价社会卫生状况的卫生政策指标有哪些?
第三节卫生服务资源配置
【了解】卫生人力资源、卫生费用、卫生技术。
第四节卫生服务综合评价
【熟悉】综合评价、病人满意度和反应性评估、卫生服务绩效评估。
思考题
1、试述卫生服务需要和需求的含义及其内在联系?
2、卫生服务研究的基本内容是什么?
3、卫生服务反应性包括哪些内容。
第十一章社会卫生政策分析
第一节概述பைடு நூலகம்
【掌握】卫生政策的概念与功能。
2、试述不良行为生活方式产生的社会学观点?
3、行为生活方式及分类有哪些?
第八章生命质量评价
第一节概述
【学握】生命质量的相关概念。
【了解】生命质量研究的起源与发展。
【自学】生命质量评价特征。
第二节生命质量评价内容
【掌握】生命质量评价内容:生理状态、心理状态、社会功能状态与自评健康与幸福感 第三节生命质量评价量表
中英文刊名对照缩写
说明:个别期刊已经更改刊名,请登陆相关期刊网站,选用目前的新的刊名。
有些期刊本文档没有收录,也请登陆相关期刊网站查询.中国中西医结合杂志Chin J Integr Tradit West Med (Chin)中国结合医学杂志Chin J Integr Med部分医学期刊中英文刊名对照一栏表癌症 Chin J Cancer癌变畸变突变 Carcinog Teratogenesis Mutagen癌症康复 Cancer Rehabil按摩与导引 Chin Manipul Qigong Ther安徽中医临床杂志 Clin J Anhui Tradit Chin Med安徽医学 Anhui Yixue安徽中医学院学报 J Anhui Tradit Chin Med蚌埠医学院学报 Acta Acad Med Bengbu保健与生活 Health Life包头医学 Baotou Med J白求恩医科大学学报 J Norman Bethune Univ (Med Sci)北京口腔医学 Beijing J Stomatol北京医学 Beijing Med J北京军区医药 J Med Beijing Milit Region北京中医 Beijing J Tradit Chin Med北京中医药大学学报 J Beijing Univ Chin Med北京医科大学学报 J Beijing Med Univ北京生物医学工程 Beijing Bio Med Eng标记免疫分析与临床 Labeled Immunoassay Clin Med病毒学报 Chin J Virol白血病 J Leukemia白云医药信息 Baiyun Drugs Inf本钢医药 Bengang Med J博爱 Fraternity厂矿医药卫生 Med Health Factory Mine长春中医学院学报 J Changchun Coll Tradit Chin Med肠外与肠内营养 Parenter Enteral Nutr (确认)重庆医学 Chongqing Med J成都中医药大学学报 J Chengdu Univ Tradit Chin Med成都军区总医院院刊 J Chengdu Army Gen Hosp传染病临床与研究 The Clin Res the Infected Dis传染病信息 Infectious Disease Inf创伤骨科学报 Tramatol Orthop Quartly大众学报 Popular Med大众健康 Public Health大众优生 Mass Eugenics大家健康 Good Health for All第一军医大学学报 J The First Military Med Univ第一军医大学分校学报J Branch Campus the First Military Med Univ 第二军医大学学报Acad J Second Military Med Univ 对第三军医大学学报Acta Acad Med Militaris Tertiae第四军医大学学报J Fourth Milit Med Univ核对后大肠肛门病外科杂志 J Coloproctologicall Surg当代医学 Current Physician独生子的健康 Magazine for Only Child Health德国医学Deutsche Med德国临床用药 Drugs used in Germany东方气功 Oriental Sci Qigong东方营养 Oriental Health Preservation地方病通报 Endemic Dis Bull儿童与健康 Health for Baby耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Chin Arch Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 耳鼻喉学报 J Otolaryngol放射学实践 Radiologic Pract放射免疫学杂志 J Radioimmunol福建中医药 Fujian J Tradit Chin Med福建医药杂志 Fujian Med J福建医科大学学报 J Fujian Med Univ福建中医学院学报 J Fujian Coll Tradit Chin Med福州医药 Fujian Med腹部外科 J Abdominal Surg肝胆外科杂志 J Hepatobiliary Surg肝胆胰外科杂志Journal of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgJ Hepatopancreatobiliary Surg广西医科大学学报 J Guangxi Med Univ广西中医药Guangxi J Tradit Chin Med广州医药 Guangzhou Med J广州中医药大学学报 J Guangzhou Univ Tradit Chin Med广东医学Guangdong Med J广东寄生虫学会年报 Annual Bull the Society Parasitol, Guangdong Province 广东解剖学通报 Guangdong Anatomical Bull广东牙病防治 J Dental Prevent Treating广东药学院学报 Acad J Guangdong Pharm Coll广东医药 Guangdong Pharm J广东微量元素科学 Guangdong Trace Elements Sci广东卫生防疫 Guangdong J Health epidemic Prevent广西医学 Guangxi Med J广西预防医学 Guangxi J Prevent Med甘肃医药 Gansu Med Jl甘肃中医 Gansu J Tradit Chin Med甘肃中医学院学报 J Gansu Coll Tradit Chin Med赣南医药 Gannan Med J高原医学杂志 J High Altitude Med中华高血压杂志 Chin J Hypertension (原名:高血压杂志,中国高血压杂志)国际医药卫生导报 InterNatl Med Hygiene Guidance News国际旅行卫生 InterNatl Travel Health国医论坛 Forum Tradit Chin Med国外医学情报检索 Foreign Med Inf国外学者来访报告 Lectures by Visitors from Abroad国外医学。
MEDLINE与PubMed的区别
MEDLINE与PubMed的区别MEDLINE是一个数据库,是美国国立医学图书馆(The National Library of Medicine,NLM)生产的国际性综合生物医学信息书目数据库,是当前国际上最权威的生物医学文献数据库。
内容包括美国《医学索引》(Index Medicus,IM)的全部内容和《牙科文献索引》(Index to Dental Literature)、《国际护理索引》(International Nursing Index)的部分内容,涉及基础医学、临床医学、环境医学、营养卫生、职业病学、卫生管理、医疗保健、微生物、药学、社会医学等领域。
MEDLINE收录1966年以来世界70多个国家和地区出版的3400余种生物医学期刊的文献,近960万条记录。
目前每年递增30-35万条记录,以题录和文摘形式进行报道,其中75%是英文文献,70%-80%文献有英文文摘。
PubMed是一个免费的搜索引擎,是NLM所属的国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI)于2000年4月开发的,基于WEB的生物医学信息检索系统(/pubmed/),提供生物医学方面的论文搜寻以及摘要。
它的数据库来源有:MEDLINE、OLDMEDLINE、Record in process、Record supplied by publisher等,数据类型:期刊论文、综述以及与其他数据库链接。
其核心主题为医学,但亦包括其他与医学相关的领域,像是护理学或者其他健康学科。
它同时也提供对于相关生物医学资讯上相当全面的支援,像是生化学与细胞生物学。
PubMed的资讯并不包括期刊论文的全文,但可能提供指向全文提供者(付费或免费)的连结。
有人认为,PubMed和MEDLINE联机数据库只不过是同一内容的两种不同版本。
但是,当我们用这两个版本对同一个课题进行检索时,就会发现其结果明显不同。
主要表现在以下几点:(1)文献的收录范围 MEDLINE是PubMed系统的最大组成部分。
社会医学的利与弊英语作文
社会医学的利与弊英语作文英文回答:Advantages of Social Medicine:Comprehensive Approach: Social medicine adopts a holistic approach that considers the social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors that influence health and well-being.Focus on Prevention: By addressing the underlying social determinants of health, social medicine aims to prevent the onset of diseases and promote health equity.Improved Patient Outcomes: Social medicine interventions, such as lifestyle modifications, social support programs, and community outreach, have been shown to improve health outcomes for individuals and communities.Cost Reduction: By addressing the root causes of illhealth, social medicine can help reduce healthcare costs by preventing expensive chronic conditions.Social Justice: Social medicine promotes health equity by addressing disparities in access to healthcare, education, and other resources that contribute to health disparities.Disadvantages of Social Medicine:Complex Interventions: Social medicine interventions can be complex and difficult to implement, as they often involve collaboration between multiple sectors and stakeholders.Lack of Evidence: Some social medicine interventions may lack strong scientific evidence to support their effectiveness.Limited Scope: Social medicine may not be able to address all the factors that influence health, such as genetics and personal behaviors.Political Resistance: Social medicine approaches can sometimes face resistance from individuals or groups who believe it infringes on personal freedoms or threatens existing social structures.Slow Results: The benefits of social medicine interventions may take years or even generations to manifest, which can make it challenging to secure funding and support.中文回答:社会医学的优点:综合性方法,社会医学采用整体方法,考虑影响健康和福祉的社会、经济、文化和环境因素。
大学各个专业名称的英文翻译
中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学 Philosophy哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学 Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学(含税收学) Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律史 Legal History宪法学与行政法学 Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law(including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law ) 诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学 Science of Environment and Natural ResourcesProtection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law(including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度 Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动 Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement中*史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学 Ethnology民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy中国少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史 Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术 Chinese 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Subjects中国古代史 Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History理学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论 Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学(含化学物理) Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics) 高分子化学与物理 Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统 Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment 海洋科学 Marine 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社会医学-绪论PPT
▪ 每年全世界每年新发1000万例左右,中国占10%左右; ▪ 存在严重的社会歧视现象;
▪ 常见人群:农民工、贫困人口;也是初三、高三学生以及高校大学 新生常见的传染病之一;
▪ 病因清楚,诊断简单,治疗方案由WHO推荐,而且实行免费治疗,
▪ 联合国千年发展目标(MDG):停止或开始就转结核病发病率、 患病率、死亡率的上升趋势
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4. 社会医学的学科性质
(feature and cy of social medicine)
▪ 应用性学科
▪ 简单地说,就是研究社会因素与健康和疾病之 间的关系及其规律的这样一门学科, 即通过控 制“社会因素”,减少疾病,增进健康,……。
9
案例一
结核病相关证据(Tuberculosis Facts)
▪ 结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一种古老的传染病,以潜伏期长、 致死率高为主要特征,与艾滋病、疟疾一起,至今仍然是严重危害 着全球人类健康的三大传染病之一。
显的临床症状,高血压又被称为人类健康的“无形杀手”。 因
此努力提高高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率对保护人民健康具
有重要意义.
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?问题?
1. 影响高血压患病率的可能因素 2. 高血压的预防策略应包括哪些内容
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2. Main Contents of Social Medicine
近年来,由于全球人口进一步增长及城市化带来的人口密度剧增,为结核
分枝杆菌创造了新的有利传播环境。目前,虽然抗生素可对结核病进行有
效治疗,但由于耐药结核杆菌出现,使全球结核病防控面临挑战,如何阻
断结核病传播,防止其进一步向耐药及高致病性方向进化,是亟待解决的
社会医学专业词汇
《社会医学》专业英文词汇社会医学:social medicine医学社会学:medical sociology卫生事业管理学:health care management预防医学:preventive medicine社区医学:community medicine全科医生:general practitioner, GP功能主义理论:functionalism冲突理论:conflict theory社会解组论:social disorganization文化堕距:cultural lag社会因素:social determinants结构因素:structural determinants中介因素:intermediary determinants社会团结:social cohesion社会过程:social processes医学模式:medical model神灵主义医学模式:spiritual medical model自然哲学医学模式:natural philosophical medical model机械论医学模式:mechanistic medical model生物医学模式:biomedical model社会生态医学模式:social-ecological-medical model生物心理社会医学模式:bio-psycho-social medical model社会因素:social determinants社会经济地位:Social-economic Status, SES社会分层:Social Classification社会流动:social mobility社会阶级:social class地位群体:Status Group相对剥夺:Relative Deprivation社会排挤:Social Exclusion规范:norm符号文化:symbol社会结构:social structure社会群体:social group人群集合:population社会化过程:socialization内化:internalization生活机会:life chance健康生活方式:healthy Lifestyle求医行为:health-seeking behavior文化贫困:poverty of culture应激:stress生活事件行为医学:behavioral medicine性传播疾病:sexually transmitted disease, STD过程:process重复:repetition论证:demonstration伦理:ethics人类发展指数:Human Development Index, HDI量表:scale参与观察:participant observation局外观察(非参与观察):non-participant observation实地观察:field observation实验室观察:laboratory observation结构观察:constructed observation无结构观察:non-constructed observation深度访谈:in-depth interviews无结构访谈:unstructured interview文献分析:document analysis内容分析:content analysis二次分析:secondary analysis问卷:questionnaire开放式问题:open-ended question封闭式问题:closed-ended question信度:reliability效度:validity表面效度:face validity预测效度:predictive validity标准关联效度:criterion-related validity建构效度:construct validity内容效度:content validity回收率:response rate定量研究:quantitative study定性研究:qualitative study伤残调整期望寿命:Disability Adjusted Life Expectancy ,DALE健康期望寿命:Health Life Expectancy ,HALE伤残调整生命年:Disability Adjusted Life Year ,DALY减寿人年数:Potential Years of Life Lost ,PYLL无残疾期望寿命:Life Expectancy Free of Disability ,LEFD日常生活活动能力:ability of life, ADL标准寿命表减寿年数:standard Expected Years of Life Lost ,SEYLL 生活质量指数:physical quality of Life Index ,PQLI美国社会健康学会指标:American Social Health Association ,ASHA 生命质量:quality of life ,QOL健康相关生命质量:health related quality of life ,HRQOL健康意识:health perception机能状态:functional status心理状态:psychological state社会互动:social interaction危险因素:risk factor健康危险因素评价:health risk appraisal社会福利:social welfare社区诊断:community diagnosis社区卫生服务:community health services, CHS社区康复:community based rehabilitation健康维护组织:health maintenance organization ,HMO 国民健康保险制度:national health service ,NHS策略:strategy政策:policy利益相关集团分析:stakeholder Analysis。
社会医学中英文对照
社会医学英汉词汇对照表AA type behavior A 型行为模式ability of life, ADL 日常生活活动能力accessible 可获得性accessible care 可及性服务accident 事故achievable age 增长年龄acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合症/艾滋病activity life expectancy 活动期望寿命adaptation 适应度adolescent pregnancy 青少年妊娠adverse drug reaction,ADR 药物不良反应affection 情感度alternate form reliability 复本信度American social health association, ASHA 美国社会健康协会appraisal age 评价年龄articles of agreement of the international bank for 国际复兴与开发银行reconstruction and developmentattributable burden 归因疾病负担比avoidable burden 可避免的疾病负担比Bbehavioral risk of factor surveillance system, BRFSS 行为危险因素监测系统biomedical model 生物医学模式bio-psycho-social medical model 生物-心理-社会医学模式blue cross 蓝十字blue shield 蓝盾bodily pain, BP 躯体疼痛body mass index, BMI 体重指数法Ccare 医疗保健case control study 病例对照研究ceiling 限额方式center on outcomes research and education, CORE 结局研究与教育中心centers for disease control and prevention, CDC 美国疾病控制中心chronic non-communicable diseases 慢性非传染性疾病cohort study 队列研究commerce 商务community 社区community health services, CHS 社区卫生服务community medicine 社区医学comprehensive care 综合性服务connection 连接construct validity 结构效度consumer 需方content 内容content validity 内容效度continuity care 连续性服务coordinated care 协调性服务co-payment 共付方式coping style 应付方式cost benefit analysis, CBA 成本效益分析cost effectiveness analysis, CEA 成本效果分析cost utility analysis, CUA 成本效用分析counter culture 反文化criterion validity 准则效度Ddeductible 起付线Delphi 德尔菲法department for international development, DFID 英国国际发展署dependence 依赖detoxification 脱毒deviant behavior 越轨行为disability/disabilities 残疾disability adjusted life expectancy, DALE 疾病调整期望寿命disability adjusted life year, DALY 伤残调整寿命年disability free life expectancy, DFLE 无残疾期望寿命disease 疾病disease and treatment related symptoms 疾病治疗的相关症状disease burden 疾病负担drugs 药物Eecological model 生态学模式economic intervention 经济干预economic status or factors 经济状况或因素educational intervention 教育干预emotional well-being 情感状况empathy 移情enforcement intervention 强制干预engineering intervention 工程干预EuroQOL five-dimension questionnaire, EQ-5D 欧洲生存质量测定量表Eysenck personality questionnaire, EPQ 艾森克人格问卷Fface validity 表面效果family 家庭family medicine 家庭医学family systems theory 家庭系统理论fee for service, FFS 服务项目收费系统focus group discussion 专题小组讨论food and drug administration, FDA 食品与药物管理局full health 完全健康functional 功能functional assessment of cancer therapy, FACT 癌症治疗功能评价系统functional living index cancer scale, FLIC 癌症病人生活功能指数functional status 机能状态functional well-being 功能状况Ggeneral health, GH 总体健康general practitioner, GP 全科医生global burden of disease, GBD 全球负担疾病global inventory of stress, GIS 压力测量量表globalization 全球化gross domestic product, GDP 国内生产总值gross national product, GNP 国民生产总值growth 成长度Hhandicaps 残障hardship due to cancer 因癌造成的艰难health 健康health care management 卫生管理学health behavior 健康行为health care system 医疗保健制度health human resource 卫生人力资源health insurance 健康保险health maintenance organization, HMO 健康维持组织health management 健康管理health perception 健康意识health policy support project, HPSP 卫生政策支持项目health related behavior 健康相关行为health related quality of life, HRQOL 健康相关生命质量health risk factors 健康危险因素health risk factors appraisal, HRA 健康危险因素评价health services demand 卫生服务需求health services need 卫生服务需要health services research 卫生服务研究health services use or utilization 卫生服务利用health services want 卫生服务要求health-for-all policy for the twenty-first century 21世纪人人享有卫生保健healthy life expectancy, HALE 健康期望寿命high risk strategy 高危策略hospice care 临终关怀服务household health interview survey 家庭健康询问调查human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒Iillicit drug 非法药物illness 病患impairment 缺损important 重要性in-depth interview 深入访谈index medicus, IM 医学索引injury 伤害internalization 内化intentional injury 故意伤害international federation of red cross and red crescent 国际红十字会与红新月会联合会societiesinternational quality of life assessment, IQOLA 国际生命质量评价项目international society for quality of life research 国际生命质量研究协会ISOQOLInternet addiction, IA 网络成瘾KKarnofsky performance status, KPS Karnofsky功能状况量表Katz index Kate量表koro 恐缩症Llabel 标签legitimation 合法化life event 生活事件life expectancy free of disability, LEFD 无残疾期望寿命life experiences survey, LES 生活事件压力问卷limitation of activity 活动受限linear analogue self-assessment, LASA 线性模拟自我评估表long-term care 长期照顾Mmanaged care 管理型医疗保健组织mass screening 群体筛查medicaid 穷人医疗保险medical insurance 医疗保险mechanistic medical model 机械论医学模式medical model 医学模式medical outcomes study, MOS 医疗结果调查表medical psychology 医学心理学medical sociology 医学社会学medical subject headings, MeSH 医学主题词medicare 老人医疗保险medifund 保健基金medisave 保健储蓄medishield 医保双全mental disorders 精神保障mental health, MH 精神健康mobility, MOB 移动model 模式multiple cause/multiple effect 多因多果multiple cause/single effect 多因单果Nnarcotic anonymous 匿名戒毒协会national cancer institute, NCI 美国国立癌症研究所national health service, NHS 国家卫生服务nature philosophical medical model 自然哲学医学模式nausea 恶心nominal group discussion 选题小组讨论Nottingham health profile, NHP 诺丁汉健康量表nursing home 护理院Oobservation 观察Ppalliative medicine 姑息医学partnership 合作度pathological internet use, PIU 病态网络使用patient 病人payer 支付方perceived need 觉察到的需要peri-menopause 围绝经期perinatal health care 围产保健personality 人格personalized care 人格化服务physical 生理physiological activity capability, PAC 生理活动physical and occupational function 生理和职业功能physical dependence 生理依赖physical functioning, PF 生理功能physical quality of life index, PQLI 生活质量指数physical well-being 生理状况physical well-being and ability 躯体良好和能力population attributable risk 人群归因危险度population strategy 全人群策略potential impact fractions, PIF 潜在影响分数potential need 潜在需要potential years of life lost, PYLL 减少人年数preferred provide organization, PPO 优先提供者组织pre-marriage care 婚前保健prevalence of risk 危险因素暴露率preventive medicine 预防医学primary prevention 一级预防provider 提供者/供方psychoactive substances 精神活性物质psychological 心理psychological and social well-being 心理和社会的良好状况psychological dependence 心理依赖psychological state 心理状态psychological well-being 心理良好psychotic disorders 精神病性障碍Qquality of life, QOL 生命质量quality of life instruments 癌症患者生命质量测定量表系列for cancer patients, QLICPquality of life scale for patients with Type 2 diabetes 2型糖尿病患者生活质量量表mellitus, DMQLSquality of life research 生命质量研究杂志quality of well-being scale, QWB 良好适应状态指数quality-adjusted life years, QALY 生命质量调整年questionnaire 问卷Rrecognition 认同recommended & dietary allowance 膳食营养推荐标准relative risk, RR 相对危险度reliability 信度reliable 可靠性reported health transition, HT 健康变化representative 代表性resolve 亲密度response shift 反应转移reward system 犒赏中枢ripple effect 涟漪反应road traffic injury 道路交通伤害role-emotional, RE 情感职能role-physical, RP 生理职能Sscreening 筛查secondary prevention 二级预防selective screening 选择性筛查sensitive 敏感性severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS 严重急性呼吸道综合症sexually transmitted diseases, STDs 性传播性疾病sexually transmitted infections, STIs 性传播性感染sickness 患病sickness impact profile, SIP 疾病影响量表single cause/single effect 单因单果social 社会social activity capability, SAC 社会活动social capital 社会资本social class 社会阶层social determinant for health 健康社会决定因素social engineering 社会工程social equity 社会公平性social factor 社会因素social functioning, SF 社会功能social interaction 社会互动状况social medicine 社会医学social problem 社会问题social support 社会支持social vulnerable group 社会弱势群体social well-being 社会良好social/family well-being 社会/家庭状况sociopathy 社会病specific 特异性spiritualism medical model 神灵主义医学模式split-half reliability 折半信度strain 紧张stress 压力stress management 压力管理stress reaction 压力反应stressor 压力源structured interview 结构式访谈subculture 亚文化substances 成瘾物质suicide 自杀supplier 药物和机械、设备供应商surveillance of disease 疾病监测sustainable development 可持续发展Ttertiary prevention 三级预防test-retest reliability 复测信度the MOS 36-item short form health survey, SF-36 36调目简明健康量表the European organization for research and 欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织treatment of cancer, EORTCthe 35-item QOL questionnaire, QOL-35 中国人生活质量普适量表the WHO quality of life assessment instrument, 卫生组织生存质量测定量表WHOQOLthe world organization of national colleges, 世界全科医师/家庭医师学会academies and academic associations of generalpractitioners/family physicians, WONCAthird party 第三方two pronged strategy 双向策略Uunintentional injury 意外伤害united nations children fund 联合国儿童基金会united nations international children emergency 联合国国际儿童紧急救援基金会fund, UNICEFurban health and poverty project, UHPP 城市社区卫生服务与贫困救助项目useful 实用性Vvalid 有效性validity 效度venereal disease 性病visual analogue scale, V AS 视觉模拟尺度vitality, VT 活力Voodoo death 伏都死Wwhole-person care 人格化服务withdrawal symptoms 戒断症状world bank, WB 世界银行world health organization WHO 世界卫生组织Yyears lived with disability, YLD 伤残损失健康生命年years of life lost, YLL 死亡损失健康生命年。
社会医学英语课件
The definition of social medicine
The Development History of Social Medicine
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The early stages of social medicine can be traced back to the 18th century, when social reformers and doctors Began to invest in the impact of social conditions on the health of the poor
Social medicine also emphasizes the role of prevention and public health interventions to address social determinants of health and promote population well being
Social indicators, such as income inequality, education levels, and access to healthcare resources, are used to measure the social determinants of health
Social Medicine English Courseware
Contents
目录
Overview of Social Medicine Basic concepts of social medicine The theoretical framework of social medicine The application fields of social medicine The Future Development of Social Medicine
社会医学概论
– Embryonic stage of social medicine
– Establishment & development of social medicine
– Development of social medicine in China
社会医学的萌芽
社会医学的创立和发 展
我国社会医学的发展
非 洲 难 民
霍普金斯大学的研究小组通过对伊拉克全国 47个区进行调查走访形成的报告认为,美国 发动伊拉克战争造成了65.5万伊拉克人死亡, 平均每天死亡500人
美国哥伦比亚大学教授、联合国前秘书长安南的特别顾 问JEFFREY SACHS先生
SACHS教授说:2003年的发展议题被挤出了国际议 程,战争与反恐取代了发展。
Embryonic stage of social medicine
1. Galen: focus on psychological factors upon health;
2.Peter Frank: miserable life is the hotbed of diseases;
“the National Supervision System”— supervision plan—government measures to protect public health
Politics Economy Culture Environment Social security system Life style and behaviors Health care system
政治 经济 文化 环境 社会保障制度 生活方式和行为 卫生保健体制
enhance population health and
英文课程库翻译对照(参考)一、学院开课单位基础医学院PreclinicalM
英文课程库翻译对照(参考)一、学院/开课单位基础医学院:Preclinical Medicine School 临床医学院:Clinical Medical College人文学院:College of Humanities中药学院:College of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy针灸学院:College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion管理学院:School of Management护理学院:College of Nursing信息中心:Information Center研究生部:Graduate faculty二、课程类别选修课:Selected Course必修课:Required Course专业基础课:Special Core Course专业课:Professional Course学位课:Degree course公共课:Public Course补本科课程:Supplement Undergraduate Courses三、专业名称1、中医:中医基础理论:Basic Theory of TCM中医临床基础:TCM Clinical Foundation 中医医史文献:TCM History and Document方剂学:Science of Formulae of Chinese Herbs中医诊断学:Diagnostics of TCM中医内科学:Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学:Surgery of TCM中医儿科学:Pediatrics of TCM中医妇科学:Gynecology of TCM 中医骨伤科学:Orthopedics & Traumatology of TCM中医五官科学:Otorhinolaryngology of TCM针灸推拿学:Acupuncture & Moxibustion 民族医学:Ethnomedicine/Medicine of Chinese Minorities临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM中医养生康复学:Health-preserving& Rehabilitation of TCM中医护理学:Nursing of TCM2、中西医结合:中西医结合基础:The basis of Integrative Medicine中西医结合临床:Clinical Science of Integrative Medicine3、药学:药物分析学:Pharmacoanalysis微生物与生化药学:Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy4、中药学:临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM中药化学:Chemistry of Chinese Meteria Medica中药药理学:Pharmacology of Chinese Meteria Medica中药制药学:Pharmaceutics of Chinese Meteria Medica中药生药学:Pharmacognostics of Chinese Meteria Medica5、公共管理:社会医学与卫生事业管理:Social Medical and Health Service Management四、学位类型科学学位:Science degree临床专业学位:Clinical professional degree五、学位层次:本科学位:Bachelor degree硕士学位:Master's degree博士学位:Doctor's degree/ Ph.D六、课程名称:1、公共课科学社会主义理论:Theories of Scientific Socialism自然辩证法:Nature Dialectics现代科技革命与马克思主义:Modern Science and Technology Revolution and Marxism硕士英语:English for Master’s Degree博士英语:English for Doctor’s Degree博士日语:Japanese for Doctor’s Degree 博士二外英语:Second Foreign Language for Doctor’s Degree (English)计算机应用:Application of Computer医用统计学:Medical Statistics名师大讲堂:Academician Lectures科研思路与方法:Scientific Ideas and Methods/ Research Courses汉语水平考试:HSK博士专业课:Doctor’s Professional Course2、专业课/专基课/选修课/学位课(1)基础医学院课程内经专题讲座:Forums and Lectures of Internal Classic 难经学术思想:Academic Thoughts of NanJing中国古代哲学:Ancient Chinese Philosophy中医基础专论:Monography of Basic TCM Theories伤寒论专题讲座:Treatise on Cold Diseases金匮要略专题讲座:Treatise on Golden Chamber温病学专题讲座:Treatise on Warm Diseases中医训诂考据学:TCM Textology Exegesis 中国医学史:History of TCM中医文献学:Philology of TCM文献检索:Literature Retrieval各家学说:Various Schools of TCM中医医案:Medical Records of TCM中医处方方法学:Prescription Methodology of TCM中医辨证学:TCM Syndrome Differentiation中医诊断古籍选读:Selected ancient readings of TCM Diagnosis中医内科学(中诊专业):Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM神经生理学:Neurophysiology生物化学:Biochemistry生物化学实验:Biochemistry Experiment 医学分子生物学:Medical Molecular Biology分子生物学实验:Molecular Biology Experiment实验动物学:Experimental Zoology神经解剖学:Neuroanatomy局部解剖学:Medical Topography头面部局部解剖学:Craniotopography医用细胞学基础:Medical Foundation of Cytology组织细胞分子学实验:Histiocyte Molecular Experiment病理生理学:Pathophysiology医学免疫学:Medical Immunology临床流行病学(DME):Clinical Epidemiology (DME)DME:Design, Measurement and Evaluation中医基础理论(补本科):The Basic Theory of TCM中医养生学概论:Introduction to TCM Health-preserving中医康复学概论:Introduction to TCM Rehabilitation中医饮食营养学:Nutriology of TCM循证医学:Evidence-based Medicine核酸研究技术在中医药学的应用:Application of Nucleic Acid Research Techniques in TCM(2)临床医学院中医内科学专题讲座:Treatises on Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine中医内科杂病研究:Miscellaneous Internal Diseases of TCM中医外科学专题讲座:Treatises on Traditional Chinese Surgery中医妇科学专题讲座:Treatises on TCM Gynecology中医儿科学专题讲座:Treatises on TCM Pediatrics西医内科学:Internal Medicine中西医结合内科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Internal Medicine中西医结合外科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Surgery中西医结合妇科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Gynecology中西医结合五官科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Otorhinolaryngology针灸推拿学专题讲座:Treatises on Acupuncture and Massage中西医结合骨伤科专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Orthopedics and Traumatology 中西医结合儿科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Pediatrics西医外科学:Surgery临床病理学基础:Basic Theories of Clinical Pathology(3)针灸学院针灸学:Acupuncture中医推拿学:Chinese Massage实验针灸学:Experimental Acupuncture针灸医籍各家学说:Various Schools of Acupuncture masterpieces中医气功学:Qigong of TCM针灸现代研究进展(博士):Modern Research Progress of Acupuncture and Moxibustion针刀疗法:Acupotomology therapy(4)管理学院高级统计学(一):Advanced Statistics(1)卫生经济理论与方法:Health Economic Theory and Method社会医学:Social Medicine现代医院管理:Modern Hospital Management卫生改革与卫生经济政策:Health Reform and Health Economic Policy卫生机构会计实务:Accounting Practice in Health Institution高等教育学:Higher Pedagogy教育管理学:Science of Educational Management药事管理学:Science of Pharmacy Administration药品知识产权实务:Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property Practice高级数据库开发:Advanced Database Development高级网络技术:Advanced Network TechnologyQOL(生存质量)测量与评价:QOL Measurement and Evaluation社会与发展心理学:Social and Developmental Psychology宏微观经济分析:Macro and Micro Economic Analysis现代企业管理:Modern Enterprise Management医院质量与标准化管理:Hospital Quality and Standardized Management财务分析与管理:Financial Analysis and Management高级统计学(二):Advanced Statistics(1)卫生事业管理:Health Service Management流行病学:Epidemiology卫生统计数据库分析与应用:Health Statistics Database Analysis and Application经济法律通论(民法、诉讼法、合同法):General Theory of Economic Laws(Civil law, procedural law and contract law)知识产权法:Intellectual Property Law药品质量管理:Drug Quality Control药事法学:Law of Pharmaceutical Affairs 计算机统计软件应用:Computer statistics software applications 组织行为学:Science of Organizational Behavior人力资源管理:Human Resource Management技术经济学:Technical Economics医药营销:Pharmaceutical Marketing企业战略管理:Enterprise Strategic Management决策支持系统(信息管理):Decision support systems (information management)教育心理学:Education Psychology电子商务:E-commerce项目管理:Project Management古代管理思想研究:Study on Ancient Management Thought论文写作:Essay writing健康教育与健康促进:Health Education and Health Promotion现代管理理论:Modern Management Theory公共关系与危机管理:Public Relations and Crisis Management卫生服务成本研究与应用:Research and Application on Cost of Health Services(5)中药学中药学专论:Monography of Science of Chinese Materia Medica分析测试技术:Analysis and Test Technology中药化学专论:Monography of Chinese Pharmaceutical Chemistry中药药理学专论:Monography of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology中药制药学专论:Monography of Traditional Chinese Pharmaceutics中药生药学专论:Monography ofTraditional Chinese Pharmacognostics临床中药学专论Monography of Clinical Science of Chinese Materia Medica结构有机化学:Structure of Organic Chemistry波谱分析:Spectrum Analysis药性导论:Introduction of Drug Property 本草文献学:Philology of Chinese Materia Medica中医学选读:TCM Selected Readings中药成分分析:Analysis of Chinese Materia Medica Components中药信息学:Informatics of Chinese Materia Medica中药炮制学专论:Monography of Processing Chinese Materia Medica中成药学专论:Monography of Science of Chinese Patent Drug生物药剂学:Biological Pharmacology药用植物学专论:Monography of Medicinal Botany分子生药学:Molecular Pharmacognostics植物化学分类:Classification of Plant Chemistry中药资源学专论:Monography of Chinese Materia Medica Resources中药显微鉴定:Microscopic Identification of Chinese Materia Medica中药品种论述:Chinese Varieties Treatise 中药生物技术:Chinese Biotechnology生物制药专题:Special Subject on Biopharmaceutics药理学进展:Advancements of Pharmacology中药药效毒理研究思路与方法:Research Ideas and methods of Chinese Materia Medica Effect and Toxicology 物理药剂学:Physical Pharmacology科研思路与方法(中药专业) :Scientific ideas and Methods (for Chinese Materia Medica Profession)微生物与生化药学专论:Monography of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacology 分子细胞生物学专论:Monography of Molecular Cell Biology中药生物技术应用:Biotechnology Applications in Chinese Materia Medica蛋白质工程:Protein Engineering计算机辅助药物设计:Computer-aided drug design微生物与生化药学研究方法:Microbial and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Research Methods药物分析专论:Monography of Drug Analysis药品质量控制:Drug Quality Control中药成分体内代谢与分析:Vivo Metabolism and Analysis of Chinese Materia Medica Components计算药物分析:Analysis of Drug Calculation生物药物分析:Biopharmaceutical Analysis 新药设计学:Science of New Drug Designing中药药理学:Chinese Pharmacology(6)护理学院护理研究进展:Nursing Research Progress 护理理论:Nursing Theory护理教育:Nursing Education中医临床护理概论:Introduction to TCM Clinical Nursing护理心理学:Nursing Psychology本翻译有不尽之处,欢迎各位老师同学提供更好的翻译建议!研究生院培养办。
社会医学英语
IntroductionSocial medicine, an interdisciplinary field that integrates medical science with social sciences, public health, and healthcare policies, plays a pivotal role in ensuring the equitable distribution of healthcare resources, promoting population health, and mitigating health disparities. The pursuit of high-quality and high-standard social medicine is a global imperative, given its potential to foster sustainable and inclusive healthcare systems. This essay offers a comprehensive, multifaceted analysis of the key elements, challenges, and strategies involved in achieving and maintaining high-quality and high-standard social medicine.1. Defining High-Quality and High-Standard Social MedicineHigh-quality social medicine is characterized by several core attributes:a. Accessibility: It ensures that healthcare services are available, geographically proximate, and affordable for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or health condition.b. Equity: It strives to eliminate disparities in healthcare access, quality, and outcomes, acknowledging and addressing the social determinants of health that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations.c. Effectiveness: It promotes evidence-based practices, continuous quality improvement, and the use of innovative technologies to enhance diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases.d. Patient-centeredness: It prioritizes the needs, preferences, and values of patients, fostering a collaborative approach to decision-making and empowering them to actively participate in their own care.e. Efficiency: It aims to optimize resource utilization, minimize waste, and reduce unnecessary healthcare costs without compromising the quality of care provided.High-standard social medicine, on the other hand, refers to the establishment and adherence to rigorous norms, guidelines, and benchmarks that govern healthcare delivery, professional practice, and health systemperformance. These standards encompass clinical protocols, ethical principles, safety measures, data privacy regulations, and accreditation criteria that ensure the consistency, accountability, and excellence of healthcare services.2. Key Elements for Achieving High-Quality and High-Standard Social Medicinea. Strong Health Systems: A robust health system, with well-coordinated primary, secondary, and tertiary care levels, is essential for delivering high-quality and high-standard social medicine. This includes investing in infrastructure, equipment, and human resources, as well as fostering a culture of continuous learning, innovation, and collaboration among healthcare professionals.b. Evidence-Based Policy and Practice: Policies and clinical guidelines informed by robust scientific evidence and contextualized to local needs are vital for ensuring the effectiveness and appropriateness of healthcare interventions. Regular updates and evaluations of these guidelines, coupled with effective knowledge translation mechanisms, help maintain high standards and adapt to evolving healthcare landscapes.c. Health Information Systems: Robust health information systems capable of capturing, storing, analyzing, and disseminating accurate, timely, and comprehensive health data are indispensable for monitoring population health trends, evaluating healthcare performance, and informing policy decisions. Integration of electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine platforms, and digital health tools further enhances the quality and efficiency of healthcare services.d. Intersectoral Collaboration: Addressing the social determinants of health requires close collaboration between the health sector and other sectors such as education, housing, employment, and environment. Joint policy development, program implementation, and resource allocation can effectively tackle upstream factors influencing health inequalities and promote holistic, population-wide improvements in health outcomes.e. Community Engagement and Empowerment: Involving communities in the design,implementation, and evaluation of healthcare services fosters a sense of ownership, trust, and responsiveness. This can be achieved through participatory approaches, health literacy initiatives, and patient advocacy programs, which empower individuals and communities to make informed health choices and hold healthcare providers accountable for delivering high-quality care.3. Challenges to Achieving High-Quality and High-Standard Social Medicinea. Inequitable Distribution of Resources: Economic disparities often lead to unequal distribution of healthcare resources, both within and between countries. This results in inadequate access to healthcare services, especially for marginalized populations, hindering the achievement of universal health coverage and equitable health outcomes.b. Workforce Shortages and Maldistribution: The global shortage of healthcare professionals, coupled with their uneven distribution across regions and specialties, poses significant challenges to delivering high-quality and high-standard care. Insufficient investment in training, retention, and professional development exacerbates this issue.c. Rapidly Evolving Technologies and Diseases: The rapid pace of technological advancements and the emergence of new diseases, such as COVID-19, pose challenges in keeping healthcare systems up-to-date, adapting to new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and ensuring the safe and effective use of novel technologies.d. Resistance to Change and Cultural Barriers: Resistance to change among healthcare professionals, organizational inertia, and deeply ingrained cultural barriers can hinder the adoption of evidence-based practices, quality improvement initiatives, and patient-centered care models.e. Limited Health Literacy and Public Trust: Low health literacy levels and eroding public trust in healthcare institutions can impede the effective implementation of high-quality and high-standard social medicine, particularly in terms of promoting preventive behaviors, adhering to treatment plans, and engaging in shared decision-making.4. Strategies to Overcome Challenges and Enhance High-Quality and High-Standard Social Medicinea. Strengthen Health Financing and Resource Allocation: Implement progressive taxation, pooled funding mechanisms, and strategic purchasing to ensure equitable distribution of healthcare resources and expand access to essential services, especially for vulnerable populations.b. Invest in Healthcare Workforce Development: Increase investments in education, training, and retention strategies for healthcare professionals, focusing on addressing workforce shortages in underserved areas and specialties. Promote interprofessional education and teamwork to enhance the quality and efficiency of care delivery.c. Foster Innovation and Adaptability: Establish agile regulatory frameworks that facilitate the timely adoption of new technologies while ensuring their safety, efficacy, and ethical use. Encourage research and development in priority areas, such as infectious disease surveillance, precision medicine, and digital health solutions.d. Cultivate a Culture of Quality and Continuous Improvement: Implement robust quality assurance and improvement programs, supported by performance metrics, benchmarking, and feedback mechanisms. Foster a culture of learning, transparency, and accountability among healthcare professionals, organizations, and systems.e. Enhance Health Literacy and Public Trust: Develop comprehensive health literacy initiatives and public engagement strategies to empower individuals and communities to make informed health decisions and actively participate in their care. Strengthen transparency, communication, and governance within healthcare institutions to rebuild and maintain public trust.ConclusionAchieving and maintaining high-quality and high-standard social medicine necessitates a concerted effort from various stakeholders, including policymakers, healthcare professionals, researchers, communities, and theprivate sector. By addressing the key elements, challenges, and strategies outlined in this analysis, societies can work towards establishing sustainable, equitable, and resilient healthcare systems that deliver optimal health outcomes for all. Continuous adaptation, innovation, and collaboration will be crucial in navigating the ever-evolving landscape of social medicine and ensuring its continued advancement towards the highest possible standards of quality and excellence.。
社会医学英语_单词
Unit 11.to have early (memories )记忆of2.(experimental )实验性的science3.surgical (maneuver )技术动作4.colorful (solutions )溶液5.(sophisticated )复杂或尖端的experiments6.(budding )萌芽的interest7.(stray )走失的cats8.to (anesthetize )麻醉9.(treasured )珍藏的papers10.the (concluding )结尾的paragraph11.from an (altruistic )利他的viewpoint of12.to (shape )build a career13.(congenital )innate abnormalities14.to (correct )矫正surgically15.(healing )cure and comfort16.to (document )用文献证明one’s success17.(routine )惯常的operations18.(pediatric )儿科的surgery19.to establish a surgical (specialty )专业20.(mortality )rate 死亡率21.(survival )rate 存活率22.a (gentle )温柔的touch23.(fragile )脆弱的emotions24.to do (a full justice )to 尽力做好25.the human (dimension ) aspect, side of science26.to ( withstand )顶住the critics27.to (dismiss )撤销the warnings28.to talk (sternly )严厉的to sb.29.the most (vulnerable )弱势群体30.(high risk )高危groups31.to live (in poverty )贫穷32.on the (fringes )边缘of33.the scientific research (community )界34.to (fulfill )accomplish the historic goals35.to (prolong )extend life36.to (alleviate )relieve suffering37.a new scientific (progress )advance38.the ( dictate )控制of economics39.the (intrusion )闯入Into medical education40.to (file for )申请bankruptcy41.(bottom-line )profit oriented managers42.to do one’s fair (share )part43.the (tense )fierce competition44.the greatest (epoch )时代of medical research45.(short term )短期的profits46.(immediately )眼前的gratification47.a (refurbished )reformed partnership48.to find a new (equilibrium )balance49.to (prevail )胜于over sth.50.physician (professionalism )职业道德51.our highest (aspiration )ideals52.the (wellbeing )health of every individual53.in the course of one’s (gravest )及其needs54.financial (vulnerability )脆弱55.to set the fundamental (priority )优先56.(affordable )支付得起health care57.(unsubstantiated )无确实根据的claims58.a (diminished )reduced opportunity59.to (envision )憧憬a future60.to (equate )with 等同于61.to (pander to ) sb. 迎合某人62.the (dignity ) 尊严of the human condition63.(tangible )切实的resources64.limitless (compassion )同情65.whimsical and (fraudulent )欺骗的Unit 21.(transmitted ) spread by bacteria2.to (touch )涉及all of our lives3.average life (expectancy )span4.to (strike )侵袭people of all ages5.improved (sanitation )卫生措施6.distribution and (storage )贮藏7.the (principle )major causes of death8.(cirrhosis )硬化of the liver9.( dominant )占主导的factors10.to take a (toll on )危害11.physical and mental (wellbeing )health12.a (perceived )察觉danger or threat13.sweaty (palms )手掌14.(tensed )紧张muscles15.( knotted ) 打结stomach16.universal and (predictable )可预言的17.prehistoric (ancestor )祖先18.normal (baseline )基线functioning19.(ground-breaking )突破性的research20.(primitive )原始的man21.to achieve (peak )最佳的performance22.to meet the (deadline )截止日期23.under such (circumstance )conditions24.(religious )宗教的faith25.(interpersonal )人与人之间的stressors26.(fellow )workers colleagues27.(anxiety )焦虑or guilt28.biochemical (makeup )structure29.to (mobilize )调动the body’s defenses30.in times of (emergency )紧急情况31.an (internalized )使内在化feeling32.a ticking (time bomb )定时炸弹33.the potent (hormones )激素34.immune (mechanism )机制35.(global )worldwide health36.economic (inequities )不公正37.political (corruption )腐败38.(chronic )慢性的diseases39.worldwide phenomenon( )现象40.(scarce )not plentiful resources41.food (security )保障42.obesity (epidemic )流行病43.to (address )deal with fundamental causes44.(extra )额外的income45.market (economy )经济46.(expendable )可消费的income47.aggressively (marketing )营销foods48.(nutritional )营养的value49.(sedentary )久坐的behavior50.to take an (extreme )极端的example51.(census )人口普查categories52.(overabundant )过剩的food53.armies of (lobbyists )说客54.economic (implication )含意55.to (reverse )逆转the obesity epidemicernment (agency )机构57.primary (mission )使命58.(ambiguity )模凌两可of federal guideline59.food guide (pyramid )金字塔60.(conflict )冲突of interest61.leadership (vacuum )真空62.legal (metrics )法律依据63.(rapt )全神贯注的attention64.to (promote/advocate )提倡better policies65.(junk )垃圾food66.farm (allowances/subsidies )津贴67.matter (pertaining to )涉及Unit 31.(nonrenewable )非再生的resources2.To become (resistant )抗药的to all available drug treatments.3. A (virulent )剧毒的致命的bacterium4.(life-threatening )fatal infections5.Hospital-based (cousins )同类菌株6.erythromycin and (tetracycline )四环素7.this drug of (resort )最后一招8.the (migration )迁移,移居patterns9.(outbreak )突发of multi-resistant strains10.the (original )原发的infected person11.(respiration tract )呼吸道infections12.an (exponential )指数的rate of increase13.to have particular (relevant )相关性for14.(profound )serious problems15.(neurological )神经的impairment16.(viral )病毒的infection17.developing and (marketing )市场营销antibiotics18.(pharmaceutical )制药的companies19.general (complacency )自满20.bacterial (adaptability )适应性21.bacterial (enzymes )酶22.the general (community )public23.growth (promoters )催生剂24.(commercial )商业的and economic benefits25.the food (chain )链26.bacterial (meningitis ) 脑膜炎27.the effective (vaccine )疫苗program28.good (hygiene 卫生29.to prevent (cross-infection )交叉感染occurring30.the (pre-antibiotic )抗生素前的era31.an (alarming ) disconcerting experience32.(renowned )well-known famous scientists and doctors33.to confront the dreadful (prospect )前景34.careless ( prescribing )处方过量35.(reservoirs )储存宿主of antibiotic resistant bacteria36.isolation in a (sanatorium )疗养院37.cuts and (scratches )擦伤38.septicemia and (syphilis )梅毒39.to end in (insanity )精神错乱40.to reduce the use of antibiotics (minimum )最低限度的41.media (campaign )活动42.general resistance (mechanism )机理43.isolation (wards )隔离病房44.(tighter )严格的control of usage45.to acquire (mutation )突变46.to look (grim )严酷的47.without (parallel )平行的progressUnit 41.To feel sour (nausea )恶心2.At my first (glimpse )一瞥of3.White blood cell (count )白细胞计数4.Acute lymphoblastic (leukemia )白血病5. A (rousing/inspiring )鼓舞人心的success6.(sequential )thought processes 顺序思维步骤7.To ( stomp )践踏it flat8.To tie it into (knot )结9.To (escalate )加剧her fear10.(flannel )法兰绒gown11.The tiny, (hunched )弓起背的figure12.(desperately )拼命地trying to13.To (drift off )迷迷糊糊睡着了with a smile on her face14.(fragile )脆弱的child15.Safe (sedatives )镇静剂止痛剂16.To weep with (gratitude )感激17.To practice the (mechanism )技艺18.(scheduled )预约patients19.(recurrent )复发lymphedema20.( intermittent )间歇的cellulites21.Hot (flash )潮热22.(cervical )颈的spondylosis23.(residual )残留的deficit24.(periodic )周期的depressive episodes25.Maxillary (sinus )窦穴26.To (recall )回忆prior conversations27.(subcutaneous )皮下的atrophy28.The ( surrounding )周围的tissue29.To (escort )护送her sister30.To (reassure )使安心my patient31.To reorder its (content )内容32.to (help )关爱the people33.to (discard )抛弃some of the heavier contentsUnit 51.The(medico-legal )法医学的standard2.(malpractice )医疗事故liability3.To feel (compelled )强迫to point out4.a(personalized )个人化relationship with a patient5.(diagnostic )诊断的and therapeutic measures6.The(conscientious )尽责的practitioner7.Patient(assessment ) 评估8.In a logical, (stepwise )逐步的fashion9.To use time and resources(optimally )最佳的10.The (academic )学术的standard of care11. A (ritualized )模式化approach to patient management12.(rational )理性的decision making13.(evidence based )循证medicine14.To (confirm )证实my impression15.To introduce a new (dimension )因素16.To achieve (utilization )利用17.Malpractice (allegation )指控18. A brief loss of consciousness due to a (concussion )脑震荡19.Diagnostic and therapeutic (intervention )干涉20.Clinically most (efficacious )effective21. A cheaper multidrug (regimen )疗法22.For the (sake )purpose of profit23.( monetary )金钱的efficiency24.Viewed from a financial (perspective )angle25.Moral, ethical, and (humanistic )人道主义的26.The (code )of conduct行为准则27.To (address )meet, satisfy the patient’s needs and desires28.The separate (entities )实体29.Every diagnostic or treatment (modality )形式30.To upset the ( juggling )杂耍act31.To (compromise )危及yourself32.The technological (expansion )扩大33. A witty, well-known ( panel )专门小组34.To everyone’s surprise and (consternation )惊愕35. A (critically )ill patient病危病人36.(intensive )care unite重症监护室37.(tertiary )三级care center38.Atria l (fibrillation ) 房颤39.Hypotensive and (febrile )发烧的40.The general (outline )概要41.(urinary )尿的output42.to keep (vigil )守夜at the bedside43.to try desperately to (ascertain )弄清44.to go (awry )出了差错45. a (surfeit )过多of specialists in urban areas46.to (diffuse )减弱responsibility47.to (dilute )冲淡authority48.to begin (insidiously )隐伏的49.aged and (demented )精神病的patients50.the (distraught )心烦意乱的family51.the( falling )heart心力衰竭52.to (assert )声称one’s role53.old-fashioned (generalist )通科医生Unit 62.To (confront ) face the human species3.an aggressively (litigious )好诉讼的society4.sharply disagreeing medical (ethicist )伦理学家5.Ethical (principles )原则6.the Hippocratic (oath )宣誓7.neatly (formulated )系统的阐述into a list of standards8.the principle of (beneficence )善良9.the principle of (nonmaleficence )不犯罪10.the principle of (justice )公正11.patient (autonomy )自主权12.the hospice (movement )临终关怀13.in (harmony )agreement with14.to (subordinate )……位于较低级别healing to some other function15.to (violate )触犯the nature of medicine16.(subservient )从属的to the primary task of curing17.(religious )宗教的ethics18.the (sanctity )神圣of human life19.to (sustain )preserve life20.assisted (suicide )安乐死21.medical ( judgment ) approaches22.to judge their (efficacy )疗效23.the (paternalistic )家长式作风的model24.(utilitarian )功利的or situational25.the (maximization )最大值化of pleasure26.the (minimization )最小值化of pain27.to (constitute )form the fundamental values28.(moral )道德上judgment29.(probable )likely outcomes30.the weighing of (alternatives )choices, options31.the (intrinsic )本质的sanctity of life32.a medical (consultant )咨询者33.to (lay out )display options34.(terminate )patients 临终病人35.(prolonged )拖延的suffering36.a utilitarian (morality )道德37.to constitute a (breach )违背of their medical ethics38.a (dim )暗淡的outlook39.to go into (remission )疾病好转40.vital life-support (mechanisms )仪器设备41.to (render ) make judgmentrge (setback )疾病复发43.an (executive )主管人员at IBM44.( be stricken )with the same disease45.rheumatoid (arthritis )关节炎46.(internal)organs 内脏47.to (hold down )have a job48.on the ( horizon )即将来临49.to hang (ominously )恶兆的over our heads50.the medical ( community )医务界51.humane (euthanasia )安乐死52.the medical (establishment )医疗制度53.a lethal ( dose )剂量of medication54.a (paradigm )model, pattern shiftcational (curriculum )课程56.insulin to treat (diabetes )糖尿病57.( routine )常规interventions58.to ( succumb of )die of kidney failure59.multiple organ (transplants )移植60.the (dilemma )困境of dying61.to free physicians from (prosecution )起诉62.(peer )同事pressure63.a ( tangible )有形的and measurable occurrence64.a (roundtable )圆桌的discussion65.( striking )startling advances66.the (ultimate )最终的form of liberty67.the ( forefront )重点of discussionUnit 71.to give birth to (triples )三胞胎2.to serve as a (surrogate )代孕mother3.implanted with an (embryos )胚胎4.fertilized (in vitro )体外5.to range from astonishment to ( )反感6.to pose legal and ethical (dilemmas )困境7.put in frozen (storage )储存8.to be taken(aback )吃惊9.to range from distaste to (revulsion )厌恶10.artificial (insemination )授精11.the (uterus )子宫of the surrogate12.to carry the fetus to ( term )足月13.to (deliver )生the baby14.(infertile )不孕的couples15.embryo transfer ( pregnancy )怀孕16.the (morality )道德of surrogacy17.(proponents )supporters of surrogacy18.to be permitted and even (facilitated )使便利19.to (fulfill )meet satisfy a biological and emotional need20.biological (inheritance )遗传21.(reproductive )生殖的freedom22.the right to (abortion )流产23.to ( grant )offer informed consent24.to be (diagnosed )诊断with25.to establish a (precedent )先例26.a (marrow )骨髓donor27.to be born (disabled )伤残的28.the (adopting )收养的parents29.a (legitimate )合法的right30.to (assume )take responsibility31.(visitation )探望rights32.( alternative )可选择的ways of dong sth33.to treat water supply with (chlorination )氯化34.chlorinated (hydrocarbons )氯代烃35.(carcinogenic )致癌的potential36.(waterborne )水传播的infection37.chlorine (addition )添加38.a (prescription )处方drug39.a painful (arthritic )关节炎的condition40.a health (maintenance )维护organization41.(cardiac )心脏的malfunction42.control (subjects )对照组43.(over-the-counter )非处方drugs44.( anti-inflammatory )消炎drugs45.(consultation )咨询with your physician46.to continue the drug (regime )治疗47.risk/benefit ( assessment )评估48.a growing scientific ( consensus )一致同意49.the ( emission )散发of carbon dioxide50.(greenhouse )温室gases51.(global ) warming 全球变暖52.to (entail )承担increasing risks53.( proliferation )扩散of fissile material54.(extreme )极端的weather eventsUnit 81. a member of a (cavalcade )team2.the (promise )预示of DNA research3.(molecular )分子的biology4.medical (application )应用5.the (evolution )进化of the human species6.the ( applied )应用的biological sciences7.the human (genome )基因组sequence8.(lavish )过度的promises9.( predictive )预测的medicine10.therapies ( tailored )适合for each individual11.to ( conquer )战胜aging12.in a (diseased )患病的state13.the common (affliction )ills14.the environmental (components )成分15.linkage (disequilibrium )连锁不平衡16.in the public and private (sector )部分17.at a low/high (resolution )分辨率18.(flawed )使有缺陷by incorrect diagnosis19.(unresolved )未解决的multiple genetic effects20.based on the (proposition )主张21.the (prime )primary value of our work22.a new public health (paradigm )model23.our (somatic )肉体的selves24.the diseases of our (civilization )文明25.in the large public (domain )领域26.the (luxury )奢侈of killing themselves by over nutrition27.to take a terrible (toll )造成大量伤亡28.(compelling )convincing examples29.( abstruse )深奥的discussions30.to balance the (equate )equilibrium31.to (stand up for )safeguard all humanity32.an (out of body )experience离体试验33.a (distant )remote planet34.a (surreal )超现实主义moment of shock and disorientation35.(filtered )过滤and redefined36.the fragility and (impermanence )无常of life37.(diagnosed )诊断with cancer38.the fear of ( recurrence )复发39.our current (predicament )困境40.to (nurture )养育and educate oneself41.the ( suicide )自杀terrorists42.confusing and (terrifying )可怕的43.in every (conceivable )可能的way44.the (ultimate )最终的outcome45.to stay (on course )正确方向46.a (permanent )ever-lasting fight47.(dormant )隐匿的cancer cells48.an (unsettling )使人不安的loss of control49.the (hidden )隐藏的gift50.values and (priorities )优先考虑的事51.emotional (landscape ) 心田52.a sense of (peace )安宁Unit 91. A (return )返回flight2.to (scan )浏览the bestsellers3.(engrossed )attracted by the 20 years of study4. a (sawtooth )锯齿般的pattern5.to (edge out )排挤掉lager birds6.hard to (crack )使破裂7.at the (extremes )极端8.to maintain the ( niche )生存位置9.to (catalog )编目录every single bird10.to measure (meticulously )小心翼翼11.20 years (apart )相隔12.in this (harsh )恶劣的environment13.(insurance )保险benefits14.the (viability)生存能力of the faculty15.(pilot )试验性的data16.quality ( publication )论文发表17.(priority )优先score18.a slight (edge )advantage19.( competitive )竞争的pressure20.to have one’s (heyday )鼎盛期21.the (inevitability )必然性of competition22.any competitive (enterprise )企业23.constantly in (conflict )冲突24.a (confluence )汇合of interests25.to (coexist )共存without serious competition26.the (principles )原则of natural selection27.a (footnote )次要的事情in medical history28.our collective (fate )命运29.(monitoring )监测system30.a (viral )病毒的infection31.(antiviral )抗病毒的drug32.a telephone (consultation )咨询33.treatment (options )choices, alternatives34.to (enhance )strengthen immune function35.to place an (order )定购36.biochemical (uniqueness )特性37.the ( pharmaceutical )药的agent38.the minimal appropriate (dose )剂量39.to (stock ) 储藏the major new drugs40.to melt ( plaque )斑buildup in arteries41.( behavioral )行为的approaches42.wellness and (longevity )长寿的43.to be (affiliated )附属with44.( sophisticated )尖端的equipment45.to ( facilitate ) 促进health promotion46.to (visit with )访问sb.47.( homeopathic )remedies 顺势疗法48.to develop a better (rapport )关系with sb.49.to protect one’s (confidentiality )保密性50.(alternative )非主流的therapies51.better (targeted )针对to the illness52.to (diminish )减少significantlyrge(database ) 数据库41.(plausible)看似有道理的foreUnit 101.My (heartfelt )congratulations衷心的2. A (momentous )significant day3.An incredible (honor )荣誉4.The (commencement )毕业典礼speaker5.The (genius )天才of extraordinary men6. A (multi-disciplinary )多学科的approach7.(arbitrary )专断的boundaries8.(biomedical )生物医学的sciences9.Forever be (indebted )grateful to you10.A great deal of praise and (recognition )认可11.A richly collaborative (endeavor )effort12.As sb. (aptly )恰当地put it13.The public ( at large )in general14.A plague of staggering ( dimensions )范围15.To feature scientists for (accomplishment )achievement16.On a personal ( note )口气17.To feel extremely (privileged )荣幸的to do18.A sexually ( transmitted )spread agent19.A similar (syndrome )综合症状20.In the medical (literature )文献21.To appear ( insidiously )隐伏地22.The plague of the ( millennium )千年23.At an ( alarming )惊人的rate24.To take ( advantages )of 利用the opportunities25.Courage and ( conviction )深信26.Goals and (ideals )理想27.A ( noble )崇高的profession28.Left breathless and ( awe-struck )充满敬畏的29.A personal ( anecdote )story30.To have the ( privilege )特权of31.To sit ( on top of )close to a discovery32.To (dawn on ) occur to sb.33.In a dynamic (equilibrium )平衡34.The old (paradigm )model35.The (breakneck ) very fast speed of scientific discoveries36.A (substantial )实质的clinical benefit37.In this (dreadful )可怕的epidemic38.The (foreboding )不祥之兆的sense39.To ( bring to an end to ) end this tragedy40.The (ultimate )根本的key to41.To (head up )带领the national effort42.(boldly )大胆地and proudly43.A number of (self-respective )自我反省的journeys44.To(eradicate )eliminate HIV from an infected person45.To take ( informed )知情的risks46.As so (eloquently )雄辩地stated47.A deep commitment to (excellence )优秀48.To stay in the (forefront )前沿49.Individuality and (conformity )一致50.Values of drive and ( dedication )commitment51.( imprinted )留下烙印during early childhood52.No ( substitute )替代for hard work53.To (carve out )开辟出a place in the world54.To a higher level of work (ethics )职业道德55.One (prevailing )普遍的view56.Wrong and (shameful )耻辱的57.To take (solace )安慰and satisfaction58.To (cast )投射a giant shadow on our planet59.(annual ) meeting 年会60.To (undergo )经历significant stress61.(shit )转变in attitudes62.(stem cell )干细胞research63.A set of (grants )资助金64.Drug (abuse )吸毒者65.Religious (conservatives )保守派66.The scientific ( community )科学界67.(be enmeshed )陷入in a continuing battle68.To ( claim )声称a role69.Our (core )核心principles70.Out of ( bounds )逾越限度71.The power of scientific (inquiry )research72.Independence and (objectivity )客观性73.The ( impositions )强加of constraints on science74.To (resonate )共鸣with the public75.To find ( common ground )共同基础76.Through open, rational (discourse )discussion。
《社会医学》54学时教学大纲
《社会医学》教学大纲课程编号:课程名称:社会医学英文名称: Social Medicine总学时: 54学时(理论课:54学时)学分: 3学分自主学习:21学时适用对象:临床医学专业(含全科、法语班)、医学检验专业、医学影像学专业、医学麻醉学专业。
课程考核:终结性考核,占总成绩70%。
形成性考核,占总成绩30%。
其中包括上课考勤(10%)、实验课成绩(10%)和平时作业(10%)。
《社会医学》是医学和社会学之间的一门新兴的边缘学科,是预防医学专业本科学生必修课,它主要研究社会因素与健康及疾病之间相互联系及其规律。
《社会医学》的教学任务和目的是使学生在现代医学模式的框架下,建立新的健康观念,提高医学生从生物-心理-社会层面分析和解决医学问题的能力。
通过本门课程的学习,培养学生牢固树立健康社会决定因素的观点,同时使得学生们能够:(一)深刻地理解健康新观念,现代医学模式的演变及其意义,以及三级预防的基本原理,学习将以上思想观念运用于今后的学习和工作中;(二)全面地认识社会诸多因素对于人群健康与疾病的影响,当代社会卫生的基本状况以及医学面临的重要社会医学问题,提高从大卫生观的角度分析和解决以上问题的能力;(三)学习并掌握社会医学调查,生命质量评价和健康危险因素评价方法,研究人群健康状况和评价卫生服务效果的基本方法,学习高危人群保健及主要社会病的防治措施,使之能更有效地应用医学科学技术,进行医疗卫生服务,提高卫生事业的社会效益;(四)不断提高适应现实社会,参与社会实践和与人民群众建立沟通渠道和联系途径的能力。
按照教学计划,《社会医学》总学时为54学时,其中理论课54学时,实验课0学时。
教学内容主要参考李鲁主编《社会医学》(第三版,人民卫生出版社),并根据学科发展和知识更新对相关章节进行必要的修改和补充,结合本专业的发展适当介绍相关研究领域的某些新理论、新进展,供同学参考。
在教学过程中,结合传统讲座式教学方法与参与式互动教学方法,充分调动和发挥学生的积极性、主动性和创新性,着力培养学生运用相关知识和原理分析问题和解决问题的能力,倡导自主学习,拓展学生的知识视野,增加学生的知识面和知识深度。
社会医学英语
社会医学英语English: Social medicine, also known as community medicine, is a branch of medicine that focuses on the impact of social, economic, and cultural factors on health and disease within a population. It seeks to understand how social determinants such as poverty, education, housing, and access to healthcare influence the overall well-being of individuals and communities. Social medicine aims to address health disparities and inequalities by advocating for policies and interventions that promote social justice and equity in healthcare. By studying the social determinants of health, social medicine aims to improve population health outcomes and reduce health inequities through a holistic and multidisciplinary approach that considers not just medical treatments, but also social, economic, and environmental factors that affect health.中文翻译: 社会医学,又称社区医学,是一门致力于研究社会、经济和文化因素对人群健康和疾病影响的医学分支。
英文课程库翻译对照(参考)一、学院开课单位基础医学院PreclinicalM
英文课程库翻译对照(参考)一、学院/开课单位基础医学院:Preclinical Medicine School 临床医学院:Clinical Medical College人文学院:College of Humanities中药学院:College of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy针灸学院:College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion管理学院:School of Management护理学院:College of Nursing信息中心:Information Center研究生部:Graduate faculty二、课程类别选修课:Selected Course必修课:Required Course专业基础课:Special Core Course专业课:Professional Course学位课:Degree course公共课:Public Course补本科课程:Supplement Undergraduate Courses三、专业名称1、中医:中医基础理论:Basic Theory of TCM中医临床基础:TCM Clinical Foundation 中医医史文献:TCM History and Document方剂学:Science of Formulae of Chinese Herbs中医诊断学:Diagnostics of TCM中医内科学:Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学:Surgery of TCM中医儿科学:Pediatrics of TCM中医妇科学:Gynecology of TCM 中医骨伤科学:Orthopedics & Traumatology of TCM中医五官科学:Otorhinolaryngology of TCM针灸推拿学:Acupuncture & Moxibustion 民族医学:Ethnomedicine/Medicine of Chinese Minorities临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM中医养生康复学:Health-preserving& Rehabilitation of TCM中医护理学:Nursing of TCM2、中西医结合:中西医结合基础:The basis of Integrative Medicine中西医结合临床:Clinical Science of Integrative Medicine3、药学:药物分析学:Pharmacoanalysis微生物与生化药学:Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy4、中药学:临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM中药化学:Chemistry of Chinese Meteria Medica中药药理学:Pharmacology of Chinese Meteria Medica中药制药学:Pharmaceutics of Chinese Meteria Medica中药生药学:Pharmacognostics of Chinese Meteria Medica5、公共管理:社会医学与卫生事业管理:Social Medical and Health Service Management四、学位类型科学学位:Science degree临床专业学位:Clinical professional degree五、学位层次:本科学位:Bachelor degree硕士学位:Master's degree博士学位:Doctor's degree/ Ph.D六、课程名称:1、公共课科学社会主义理论:Theories of Scientific Socialism自然辩证法:Nature Dialectics现代科技革命与马克思主义:Modern Science and Technology Revolution and Marxism硕士英语:English for Master’s Degree博士英语:English for Doctor’s Degree博士日语:Japanese for Doctor’s Degree 博士二外英语:Second Foreign Language for Doctor’s Degree (English)计算机应用:Application of Computer医用统计学:Medical Statistics名师大讲堂:Academician Lectures科研思路与方法:Scientific Ideas and Methods/ Research Courses汉语水平考试:HSK博士专业课:Doctor’s Professional Course2、专业课/专基课/选修课/学位课(1)基础医学院课程内经专题讲座:Forums and Lectures of Internal Classic 难经学术思想:Academic Thoughts of NanJing中国古代哲学:Ancient Chinese Philosophy中医基础专论:Monography of Basic TCM Theories伤寒论专题讲座:Treatise on Cold Diseases金匮要略专题讲座:Treatise on Golden Chamber温病学专题讲座:Treatise on Warm Diseases中医训诂考据学:TCM Textology Exegesis 中国医学史:History of TCM中医文献学:Philology of TCM文献检索:Literature Retrieval各家学说:Various Schools of TCM中医医案:Medical Records of TCM中医处方方法学:Prescription Methodology of TCM中医辨证学:TCM Syndrome Differentiation中医诊断古籍选读:Selected ancient readings of TCM Diagnosis中医内科学(中诊专业):Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine临床中药学:Clinical Pharmacology of TCM神经生理学:Neurophysiology生物化学:Biochemistry生物化学实验:Biochemistry Experiment 医学分子生物学:Medical Molecular Biology分子生物学实验:Molecular Biology Experiment实验动物学:Experimental Zoology神经解剖学:Neuroanatomy局部解剖学:Medical Topography头面部局部解剖学:Craniotopography医用细胞学基础:Medical Foundation of Cytology组织细胞分子学实验:Histiocyte Molecular Experiment病理生理学:Pathophysiology医学免疫学:Medical Immunology临床流行病学(DME):Clinical Epidemiology (DME)DME:Design, Measurement and Evaluation中医基础理论(补本科):The Basic Theory of TCM中医养生学概论:Introduction to TCM Health-preserving中医康复学概论:Introduction to TCM Rehabilitation中医饮食营养学:Nutriology of TCM循证医学:Evidence-based Medicine核酸研究技术在中医药学的应用:Application of Nucleic Acid Research Techniques in TCM(2)临床医学院中医内科学专题讲座:Treatises on Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine中医内科杂病研究:Miscellaneous Internal Diseases of TCM中医外科学专题讲座:Treatises on Traditional Chinese Surgery中医妇科学专题讲座:Treatises on TCM Gynecology中医儿科学专题讲座:Treatises on TCM Pediatrics西医内科学:Internal Medicine中西医结合内科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Internal Medicine中西医结合外科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Surgery中西医结合妇科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Gynecology中西医结合五官科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Otorhinolaryngology针灸推拿学专题讲座:Treatises on Acupuncture and Massage中西医结合骨伤科专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Orthopedics and Traumatology 中西医结合儿科学专题讲座:Treatises on Integrative Pediatrics西医外科学:Surgery临床病理学基础:Basic Theories of Clinical Pathology(3)针灸学院针灸学:Acupuncture中医推拿学:Chinese Massage实验针灸学:Experimental Acupuncture针灸医籍各家学说:Various Schools of Acupuncture masterpieces中医气功学:Qigong of TCM针灸现代研究进展(博士):Modern Research Progress of Acupuncture and Moxibustion针刀疗法:Acupotomology therapy(4)管理学院高级统计学(一):Advanced Statistics(1)卫生经济理论与方法:Health Economic Theory and Method社会医学:Social Medicine现代医院管理:Modern Hospital Management卫生改革与卫生经济政策:Health Reform and Health Economic Policy卫生机构会计实务:Accounting Practice in Health Institution高等教育学:Higher Pedagogy教育管理学:Science of Educational Management药事管理学:Science of Pharmacy Administration药品知识产权实务:Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property Practice高级数据库开发:Advanced Database Development高级网络技术:Advanced Network TechnologyQOL(生存质量)测量与评价:QOL Measurement and Evaluation社会与发展心理学:Social and Developmental Psychology宏微观经济分析:Macro and Micro Economic Analysis现代企业管理:Modern Enterprise Management医院质量与标准化管理:Hospital Quality and Standardized Management财务分析与管理:Financial Analysis and Management高级统计学(二):Advanced Statistics(1)卫生事业管理:Health Service Management流行病学:Epidemiology卫生统计数据库分析与应用:Health Statistics Database Analysis and Application经济法律通论(民法、诉讼法、合同法):General Theory of Economic Laws(Civil law, procedural law and contract law)知识产权法:Intellectual Property Law药品质量管理:Drug Quality Control药事法学:Law of Pharmaceutical Affairs 计算机统计软件应用:Computer statistics software applications 组织行为学:Science of Organizational Behavior人力资源管理:Human Resource Management技术经济学:Technical Economics医药营销:Pharmaceutical Marketing企业战略管理:Enterprise Strategic Management决策支持系统(信息管理):Decision support systems (information management)教育心理学:Education Psychology电子商务:E-commerce项目管理:Project Management古代管理思想研究:Study on Ancient Management Thought论文写作:Essay writing健康教育与健康促进:Health Education and Health Promotion现代管理理论:Modern Management Theory公共关系与危机管理:Public Relations and Crisis Management卫生服务成本研究与应用:Research and Application on Cost of Health Services(5)中药学中药学专论:Monography of Science of Chinese Materia Medica分析测试技术:Analysis and Test Technology中药化学专论:Monography of Chinese Pharmaceutical Chemistry中药药理学专论:Monography of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology中药制药学专论:Monography of Traditional Chinese Pharmaceutics中药生药学专论:Monography ofTraditional Chinese Pharmacognostics临床中药学专论Monography of Clinical Science of Chinese Materia Medica结构有机化学:Structure of Organic Chemistry波谱分析:Spectrum Analysis药性导论:Introduction of Drug Property 本草文献学:Philology of Chinese Materia Medica中医学选读:TCM Selected Readings中药成分分析:Analysis of Chinese Materia Medica Components中药信息学:Informatics of Chinese Materia Medica中药炮制学专论:Monography of Processing Chinese Materia Medica中成药学专论:Monography of Science of Chinese Patent Drug生物药剂学:Biological Pharmacology药用植物学专论:Monography of Medicinal Botany分子生药学:Molecular Pharmacognostics植物化学分类:Classification of Plant Chemistry中药资源学专论:Monography of Chinese Materia Medica Resources中药显微鉴定:Microscopic Identification of Chinese Materia Medica中药品种论述:Chinese Varieties Treatise 中药生物技术:Chinese Biotechnology生物制药专题:Special Subject on Biopharmaceutics药理学进展:Advancements of Pharmacology中药药效毒理研究思路与方法:Research Ideas and methods of Chinese Materia Medica Effect and Toxicology 物理药剂学:Physical Pharmacology科研思路与方法(中药专业) :Scientific ideas and Methods (for Chinese Materia Medica Profession)微生物与生化药学专论:Monography of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacology 分子细胞生物学专论:Monography of Molecular Cell Biology中药生物技术应用:Biotechnology Applications in Chinese Materia Medica蛋白质工程:Protein Engineering计算机辅助药物设计:Computer-aided drug design微生物与生化药学研究方法:Microbial and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Research Methods药物分析专论:Monography of Drug Analysis药品质量控制:Drug Quality Control中药成分体内代谢与分析:Vivo Metabolism and Analysis of Chinese Materia Medica Components计算药物分析:Analysis of Drug Calculation生物药物分析:Biopharmaceutical Analysis 新药设计学:Science of New Drug Designing中药药理学:Chinese Pharmacology(6)护理学院护理研究进展:Nursing Research Progress 护理理论:Nursing Theory护理教育:Nursing Education中医临床护理概论:Introduction to TCM Clinical Nursing护理心理学:Nursing Psychology本翻译有不尽之处,欢迎各位老师同学提供更好的翻译建议!研究生院培养办。
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2010-12-11 Specialty Grade Number Name1. Fill Necessary Words in the blanks: (one point each; 20 points in total)(1). The nature of social medicine includes three characteristics:__________________, __________________, and practicality.(2). From history, there are four types of medical models: spiritualism medical model, _____________medical model, biomedical medical model, and___________________ medical model.(3). The famous philosopher and doctor from ancient Greece, _____________(希波拉底) had written a book named 《_________________》,in which he brought up his medical theory.(4). Engel, a famous psychiatrist and internal professor of Rochester University, New York state, brought up his theory in ______, based on the principle of “________________________”(5). Health is a state of completely physical, ________ and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or _______.(6). Social health evaluation includes two necessary aspects. that is,__________ and corresponding _____________.(7). Primarily, addictive sociopath includes two aspects:_____________ addiction and compulsive__________.(8). In general, there are four kinds of sampling survey often used in actual research, such as simple random sampling; ________ sampling; stratified sampling and __________sampling.(9). Three aspects of index often adopted in the health service research, that is, the index of health service need, the index of health service ________ and the index of health service __________ .(10). Health resources index includes numbers of _______ per thousand people, hospital beds per thousand people, and trained assistants for _________ per thousand people in village.2. Give Judgment (right for √; wrong for ×.1 point each; 10 in total)[ ](1) The distribution of medical staff cannot be considered to be a index of health service resources.[ ] (2) The education level and infant mortality takes on an positive linear relationship.[ ] (3) Non-probability sampling is often used when the population cannot be defined or unavailable.[ ] (4) Cluster sample is frequently used in large-scale investigation, and the least expensive sample design.[ ] (5) The family status of one person doesn’t have influence on his or her additive action.[ ] (6) More traffic accidents often occur in downtown area.[ ] (7) Investigation and monitoring are two ways of getting data for research. [ ] (8) At present, the global burden of disease is calculated with DALY. [ ](9) The types of medical payment haven’t relation with the health service quality but have connected with efficiency and fairness of health service.(1) sociopath;(2) health;(3) sub-health;(4) sub-clinical disease4. Brief Statement: (4 points 20 total)(1). What’s the objective of social medicine research? (社会医学的研究对象是什么?)(2). What is the relation between the way of health service payment and the health level?(3). State in brief the procedures of health condition evaluation.(4). State in brief the theory of bio-psycho-socio medical model.5. Relate and Analyze: (9 points each; 18 in total)(1). Please relate the background under which the bio-psycho-socio medical model occurred.(2). Relate and analyze about why and how mother’s education backgroundAccording to some related cases , utilizing your learned knowledge relate: the cause, consequences and preventive measures of suicides.参考答案:一、填空1. subject- overlapping (交叉性),method-comprehensiveness(综合性)2. bio-psycho-socio, natural philosophical3. Hippocrates ,< About the nature of man >4. 1977, “disease, patient and environment”5. mental, infirmity6. health conditions, social factors7. material, behaviors8. systematic, cluster9. utilization, resources10. doctors, childbirthSpecialty Grade Number Name1. Fill Necessary Words in the blanks: (one point each; 20 points total)(1). The nature of social medicine includes three characteristics:__________________, __________________, and practicality.(2). From history, there are four types of medical models: spiritualism medical model,_____________medical model, biomedical medical model, and ___________________ medical model.(3). The famous philosopher and doctor from ancient Greece, _____________(希波拉底) had written a book named 《_________________》,in which he brought up his medical theory.(4). Engel, a famous psychiatrist and internal professor of Rochester University, New York state, brought up his theory in ______, based on the principle of“________________________”(5). Health is a state of completely physical, ________ and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or _______.(6). Social health evaluation includes two necessary aspects. that is, __________ and corresponding _____________.(7). Primarily, addictive sociopath includes two aspects:_____________ addiction and compulsive__________.(8). In general, there are four kinds of sampling survey often used in actual research, such as simple random sampling; ________ sampling; stratified sampling and __________sampling.(9). Three aspects of index often adopted in the health service research, that is, the index of health service need, the index of health service ________ and the index of health service__________ .(10). Health resources index includes numbers of _______ per thousand people, hospital beds2. Terms Explanation: (4 points each; 20 total)(1) sociopath;(2) suicides ;(3) health;(4) sub-health;(1). What’s the objective of social medicine research? (社会医学的研究对象是什么?)(2). What is the relation between the way of health service payment and the health level?(3). Give at least four index which indicate the health level of one country or one region.(4). State in brief the theory of bio-psycho-socio medical model.(5). Write down four necessary indexes of health service need.4. Relate and Analyze: (10 points each; 20total)(1). Please relate the background under which the bio-psycho-socio medical model occurred.(2). Relate and analyze about why and how mother’s education background affect infant5. Subjective-ability Test: (20 points)Design a questionnaire based on such requirements below:(1) research purpose: impression about WEIFANG CITY as an foreign tourist(2) At least ten questions should be included in your design paper.(3) the form model:What’s your opinion about the public bus service?A. very goodB. goodC. just so-soD. badE. very bad参考答案:一、填空1. subject- overlapping (交叉性),method-comprehensiveness(综合性)2. bio-psycho-socio, natural philosophical3. Hippocrates ,< About the nature of man >4. 1977, “disease, patient and environment”5. mental, infirmity6. health conditions, social factors7. material, behaviors8. systematic, cluster9. utilization, resources10. doctors, childbirth。