上海重点中学2011-2012学年高二下学期期末考试物理试题

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上海市十校2012届高三第二次联考物理试题

上海市十校2011—2012学年度高三第二学期考试物理试题说明：1．答卷前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名、准考证号、座位号填写清楚．；2．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟，考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将答案写在答题卷上，写在试卷上不得分；3．本卷取g=10m/s2，sin370=0．6，cos370=0．8 。

第I卷一、单选题（每小题2分，共16分）1．下列物理量中属于矢量的是（）A．重力势能B．电流强度C．功D．磁感强度2．贝克勒尔发现天然放射现象，揭示了（）A．原子不可再分B．原子的核式结构C．原子核还可再分D．原子核由质子和中子组成3．恒星是有寿命的，每一颗恒星都有其诞生、存在和死亡的过程，一颗恒星的寿命取决于它的（）A．温度B．质量C．体积D．亮度4．下列与静电有关的图中，属于防范静电的是（）5．在空间某一点以大小相等的速度分别竖直上抛、竖直下抛、水平抛出质量相等的小球，A．避雷针D．静电除尘C．静电复印B．静电喷涂不计空气阻力，经过相等的时间（设小球均未落地）（）A ．做竖直下抛运动的小球加速度最大B ．三个小球的速度变化相同C ．做平抛运动的小球速度变化最小D ．做竖直下抛的小球速度变化最小6．下列说法正确的是（） A ．地表物体所受的重力就是地球对它的万有引力 B ．共点力就是指作用于物体上同一点的力 C ．作用力与反作用力一定同时产生、同时消失 D ．向心力是根据性质命名的力 7．教室两个门都安装有锁，同学早晨到校时，只要打开其中一扇门，同学们就可以进教室．这里的“打开两扇门”和“同学进教室”之间体现了某种逻辑关系，下列门电路中也具有这种逻辑关系的是（） `8．如图所示，物块A 放在倾斜的木板上，改变木板与水平面之间的夹角θ，发现当θ=30o 和θ=45o 时物块A 所受的摩擦力大小恰好相等，则物块A 与木板之间的动摩擦因数大小为（）A ．21B ．22C ．23D ．3二、单项选择题（每小题3分，共24分） 9．下列关于光波和声波的认识，正确的是（） A ．光波和声波是相同本质的波，但它们在空气中传播的速度不同 B ．光波、声波都具有波粒二象性 C ．光波和声波都是横波，都能发生干涉和衍射 D ．由于声波的波长比光波的波长长得多，因而传播时很容易绕过几米长度的障碍物 10．如图所示，竖直放置的条形磁铁中央，有一闭合金属弹性圆环，条形磁铁中心线与弹性环轴线重合，现将弹性圆环均匀向外扩大，下列说法中正确的是（） A ．穿过弹性圆环的磁通量增大 B ．从上往下看，弹性圆环中有顺时针方向的感应电流 C ．弹性圆环中无感应电流 D ．弹性圆环受到的安培力方向沿半径向外11．一物体作匀加速直线运动，通过一段位移△x 所用的时间为t 1，紧接着通过下一段位移△x 所用时间为t 2。

上海理工大学附属中学2011—2012学年度下学期期末考试高二物理

上海理工大学附属中学2011—2012学年度下学期期末考试高二物理试题一、单项选择题（共16分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确选项。

)1．刚刚结束的2012钻石联赛上海站上，刘翔以12秒97获得110米跨栏冠军，这取决于他在这110米中( )（A）某时刻的瞬时速度大（B）撞线时的瞬时速度大（C）平均速度大（D）起跑时的加速度大2．下列叙述中符合物理学史的是（）A．查德威克在用α粒子轰击铍核的实验中发现了中子B．爱因斯坦为解释光的干涉现象提出了光子说C．汤姆生发现了电子，并首先提出原子的核式结构模型D．贝克勒尔通过对天然放射性的研究，发现了放射性元素钋（Pa）和镭（Ra）3．做平抛运动的物体，每秒速度的增量总是（）（A）大小相等，方向不同（B）大小不等，方向不同（C）大小不等，方向相同（D）大小相等，方向相同（1）卢瑟福利用α粒子轰击金箔的实验研究原子结构，正确反映实验结果的示意图是（）5．如图所示为某物体作直线运动的V－t图象，关于这个质点在4s内运动的情况说法正确的是（）A ．质点始终向同一方向运动B ．加速度大小不变，方向与初速度方向相同C ．4s 时物体离出发点最远D ．4s 内通过的路程为4m ，而位移为零6．如图所示，匀强磁场区域宽度为l ，现有一边长为d(d>l)的矩形金属框以恒定速度v 向右通过磁场区域，该过程中有感应电流的时间总共为（） A.v d B.v2l C.v 2d D.v l d7．粗细均习的电阻丝围成的正方形线框置于有界匀强磁场中，磁场方向垂直于线框平面，其边界与正方形线框的边平行。

现使线框以同样大小的速度沿四个不同方向平移出磁场，如图所示，则在移出过程中线框的一边a 、b 两点间电势差绝对值最大的是（）8．游乐场内两支玩具枪在同一位置先后沿水平方向各射出一颗子弹，打在远处的同一个靶上，A 为甲枪子弹留下的弹孔，B 为乙枪子弹留下的弹孔，两弹孔在竖直方向上相距高度为h ，如图所示，不计空气阻力。

上海市第二中学高二期末考试物理试卷(2013.06)

上海市第二中学2012学年第二学期高二物理（加一）期终考试试卷（时间：120分钟满分：150分）（本卷g ＝10m/s 2）一、单选题Ⅰ（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分。

每小题给出的四个答案中，只有一个是正确的，把正确的答案选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在答卷的空格内。

）1．物理学史上，正确认识运动和力的关系且推翻“力是维持运动的原因”的物理学家、建立惯性定律的物理学家分别是（）A ．亚里士多德、伽利略B ．亚里士多德、牛顿C ．伽利略、牛顿D ．伽利略、爱因斯坦 2．分子间相互作用力由引力和斥力两部分组成，则（）A ．引力和斥力是同时存在的B ．引力总是大于斥力，其合力总表现为引力C ．分子之间距离越小，引力越小，斥力越大D ．分子之间距离越小，引力越大，斥力越小3．某种气体在不同温度下的气体分子速率分布曲线如图所示，图中()f v 表示v 处单位速率区间内的分子数百分率，所对应的温度分别为,,I II III T T T A 、I II III T T T >> B、T Ⅲ>T Ⅱ>T ⅠC 、,II I II III T T T T >>D 、I II III T T T ==4．物体做下列几种运动，其中一定符合机械能守恒的运动是A ．在竖直方向做匀速直线运动B ．自由落体运动C ．匀变速直线运动D ．在竖直平面内做圆周运动5．如图所示，甲乙丙丁四个图中，AB 、BC 均为轻质杆，各图中杆的A 、C 端都通过铰链与墙连接，两杆都在B 处由铰链连接，且系统均处于静止状态。

现用等长的轻绳来代替轻杆BC ，仍能保持平衡的是图（）A ．甲B ．乙C ．丙D ．丁6．质量m = 2kg 的滑块，以4m/s 的速度在光滑水平面上向右滑行。

从某时刻起受到一水平向左的外力F 的作用，经过一段时间后，滑块的速度方向变为水平向左，大小为4m/s ，在这段时间内A ．速度变化量的大小为0，外力F 不做功B ．速度变化量的大小为8m/s ，外力F 做正功C ．速度变化量的大小为8m/s ，外力F 不做功D ．速度变化量的大小为8m/s ，外力F 做负功7．升降机天花板上悬挂着弹簧秤，弹簧秤下挂着一个小球，升降机在匀速运动的过程中，运动状态发生了改变，观察者发现弹簧秤的读数增大了，那么此时升降机的运动（）A ．一定是向上作匀加速运动B ．有可能向上或向下作匀速运动C ．有可能向下作匀减速运动，也有可能向上作匀加速运动D ．有可能向上作匀减速运动，也有可能向下作匀加速运动8．小球每隔0.2s 从同一高度抛出，做初速为6m/s 的竖直上抛运动，设它们在空中不相碰。

2011—2012学年第二学期期末A卷答案

2011—2012学年第二学期《大学物理（2-1）》期末考试A 卷答案一、选择题（共30分）1、B2、C3、A4、B5、A6、B7、A8、C9、B 10、B二、简单计算与问答题（共6小题，每小题5分）1、1、答： OA 区间：v > 0 , a < 0 2分 AB 区间：v = 0 , a = 0 1分 BC 区间：v > 0 , a > 0 1分 CD 区间：v > 0 , a = 0 1分2、答：(1) 系统动量不守恒．因为在轴O 处受到外力作用，合外力不为零． 1分动能不守恒．因为是完全非弹性碰撞(能量损失转化为形变势能和热运动能)．1分角动量守恒．因为合外力矩为零． 1分 (2) 由角动量守恒 m v 0R cos α = (M + m )R 2ω ∴ ()Rm M m +=αωcos 0v 2分3、答：经典的力学相对性原理是指对不同的惯性系，牛顿定律和其它力学定律的形式都是相同的． 2分狭义相对论的相对性原理指出：在一切惯性系中，所有物理定律的形式都是相同的，即指出相对性原理不仅适用于力学现象，而且适用于一切物理现象。

也就是说，不仅对力学规律所有惯性系等价，而且对于一切物理规律，所有惯性系都是等价的． 3分4、答：根据()()2/3/22v m n p = 公式可知:当温度升高时，由于2v 增大，气体分子热运动比原来激烈, 因而分子对器壁的碰撞次数增加，而且每次作用于器壁的冲量也增加，故压强有增大的趋势． 3分若同时增大容器的体积，则气体分子数密度n 变小，分子对器壁的碰撞次数就减小，故压强有减小的趋势．因而，在温度升高的同时，适当增大体积，就有可能保持压强不变． 2分5、解：旋转矢量如图所示．图3分由振动方程可得 π21=ω，π=∆31φ 1分667.0/=∆=∆ωφt s 1分x (m) ω ωπ/3π/3t = 0 t0.12 0.24 -0.12 -0.24 OAA6、答：(1) 见图，只有让 β ＝90°，才能使通过P 1和P 2的透射光的振动方向(2A)与原入射光振动方向(0A)互相垂直，即β ＝ 90°. 2分(2) 据马吕斯定律，透射光强 I ＝ (I 0cos 2α)cos 2(90°－α)＝ I 0 cos 2α sin 2α ＝ I 0sin 2(2α)/4欲使I 为最大，则需使2α＝90°，即α＝45°． 3分三、计算题（共40）1、（本题10分）解：受力分析如图所示． 2分设重物的对地加速度为a ，向上.则绳的A 端对地有加速度a 向下，人相对于绳虽为匀速向上，但相对于地其加速度仍为a 向下. 根据牛顿第二定律可得：对人： Mg －T 2＝Ma ① 2分对重物： T 1－21Mg ＝21Ma ② 2分根据转动定律，对滑轮有 (T 2－T 1)R ＝J β＝MR 2β / 4 ③ 2分因绳与滑轮无相对滑动， a ＝βR ④ 1分 ①、②、③、④四式联立解得 a ＝2g / 7 1分2、（本题10分）解：(1) 1－2 多方过程 11112125)2()(RT T T C T T C E V V =-=-=∆ 11211221212121)(21RT RT RT V p V p W =-=-=11111132125RT RT RT W E Q =+=+=∆ 3分2－3 绝热膨胀过程 12123225)()(RT T T C T T C E V V -=-=-=∆12225RT E W =-=∆ Q 2 = 0 3分3－1 等温压缩过程 ΔE 3 = 0W 3 = －RT 1ln(V 3/V 1) = －RT 1ln(8V 1/V 1) = －2.08 RT 1Q 3 = W 3 = －2.08RT 1 3分 (2) η=1－|Q 3 |/ Q 1 =1－2.08RT 1/(3RT 1) = 30.7% 1分 3、（本题10分） 3、（本题10分）22解：这是一个向x 轴负方向传播的波． (1) 由波数 k = 2π / λ 得波长 λ = 2π / k = 1 m 1分由 ω = 2πν 得频率 ν = ω / 2π = 2 Hz 1分波速 u = νλ = 2 m/s 1分 (2) 波峰的位置，即y = A 的位置．由 1)24(cos =+πx t有 π=+πk x t 2)24( ( k = 0，±1，±2，…) 解上式，有 t k x 2-=．当 t = 4.2 s 时， )4.8(-=k x m ． 2分所谓离坐标原点最近，即| x |最小的波峰．在上式中取k = 8，可得 x = -0.4 的波峰离坐标原点最近． 2分 (3) 设该波峰由原点传播到x = -0.4 m 处所需的时间为∆t ，则∆t = | ∆x | /u = | ∆x | / (ν λ ) = 0.2 s 1分∴ 该波峰经过原点的时刻 t = 4 s 2分 4、（本题10分）解：(1) 由单缝衍射明纹公式可知()111231221sin λλϕ=+=k a (取k ＝1 ) 1分 ()222231221sin λλϕ=+=k a 1分f x /tg 11=ϕ , f x /tg 22=ϕ 由于 11tg sin ϕϕ≈ , 22tg sin ϕϕ≈所以 a f x /2311λ= 1分a f x /2322λ= 1分则两个第一级明纹之间距为a f x x x /2312λ∆=-=∆=0.27 cm 2分 (2) 由光栅衍射主极大的公式 1111sin λλϕ==k d2221sin λλϕ==k d 2分且有f x /tg sin =≈ϕϕ所以d f x x x /12λ∆=-=∆=1.8 cm 2分。

2011-2012高二期末文科物理试卷

．．ＭＮＡ．．ＭＮＢ．．ＭＮＤ．．ＮＣＭ 2011—2012高二年级物理期末考试试卷（文）一、单项选择题（本题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项是正确的．）1．下面有关静电现象的解释，说法错误．．的是（） A ．接触起电的实质是一个物体的电子转移到另一个物体上B ．静电感应不是创造电荷，只是电荷从物体的一部分转移到另一部分C ．摩擦起电时，一个物体失去电子而带正电，另一个物体得到电子而带负电D ．摩擦起电是在摩擦的过程中分别创造了正电荷与负电荷2. 在物理学的发展过程中，许多物理学家的科学发现推动了人类历史的进步。

在对以下几个物理学家所做的科学贡献的叙述中正确的说法是 ( )A ．库仑发现了电流的热效应B ．法拉第发现了磁场产生电流的条件和规律C ．安培发现了电流的磁效应D ．伽利略提出的万有引力定律奠定了天体力学的基础3．四种电场的电场线如下图所示，一负电荷仅在电场力作用下由M 点向N 点做加速运动，且加速度越来越大，由此可以判断，该电荷所在电场是图中的：（）4．两个完全相同的金属小球，所带异种电荷的电量之比为3:5，当它们相距L （L 远大于小球大小）时，相互作用力为F ，现将两球接触后放到相距为2L 的两点，这时两球相互作用力大小是：（）A 、415FB 、1615FC 、115FD 、160F 5．如图所示，为某一点电荷形成电场中的一条电场线，a 、b 为线上的两点，则下列判断正确的是（）A ．a 点场强一定比b 点场强大B ．a 点场强一定比b 点场强小C ．同一电荷在a 、b 两处所受电场力的大小可能相同D ．同一电荷在a 、b 两处所受电场力的方向一定相同6．在地球赤道上空，沿东西方向水平放置一根通以由西向东的直线电流，则此导线受到的安培力方向（）A ．竖直向上B ．竖直向下C ．由南向北D ．由西向东7．某同学画的表示磁场B 、电流I 和安培力F 的相互关系如图所示，其中正确的是（）8．下列哪些措施是为了防止静电产生的危害（）A ．在高大的建筑物顶端装上避雷针B ．在高大的烟囱中安装静电除尘器C ．静电复印D ．静电喷漆 9．两个等量点电荷P 、Q 在真空中产生电场的电场线（方向未标出）如下图所示．下列说法中正确的是( )F BA ．P 、Q 是两个等量正电荷B ．P 、Q 是两个等量负电荷C ．P 、Q 是两个等量异种电荷D ．P 、Q 产生的是匀强电场10．如右图所示是用阴极射线管演示电子在磁场中受洛仑兹力的实验装置，图上管中虚线是电子的运动轨迹，那么下列相关说法中正确的有（）A ．阴极射线管的A 端应接正极B ．无法确定磁极C 的极性C ．C 端是蹄形磁铁的N 极D ．洛仑兹力对电子做正功11．为了简化安培的实验，我们可以用图10所示的装置探究影响安培力方向的因素。

2022-2023学年上海市松江区松江一中高二下学期期末考试物理考试卷(等级考)含详解

松江一中2022学年度第二学期期末考试卷高二物理（等级考）命题教师倪三弟审核人倪菊兰考生注意：1．考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试卷与答题要求。

所有答题必须做在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．本试卷g取210m/s。

一、单项选择题（共54分，每小题3分）1.在物理学的发展过程中物理学家们创造出了许多研究物理的方法，如比值法、理想实验法、控制变量法、类比法、科学假说法、“等效替代”法、“物理模型”法等等。

下列说法不正确的是（）A.把带电体看作“点电荷”，利用了“理想物理模型”的思想方法B.把研究对象看作“质点”，利用了“等效替代”的思想方法C.“研究影响平行板电容器电容大小的因素”时，常采用“控制变量”的思想方法D.许多物理量采用“比值法”进行定义，“sinsininr”就是折射率的“比值法”定义式2.激光具有相干性好，平行度好、亮度高等特点，在科学技术和日常生活中应用广泛。

下列关于激光的叙述正确的是（）A.激光是纵波B.频率相同的激光在不同介质中的波长相同C.激光也是自然界的产物D.利用激光平行度好的特点可以测量月球到地球的距离3.关于电磁波的发射和接收，下列说法中不正确的是（）A.音频电流的频率比较低，不能直接用来发射电磁波B.为了使振荡电路有效地向空间辐射能量，电路必须是闭合的C.当接收电路的固有频率与接收到的电磁波的频率相同时，接收电路产生的振荡电流最强D.要使电视机的屏幕上有图像，必须要有解调过程4.如图所示，建筑工地上常用打桩机把桩打入地下。

电动机先把重锤吊起一定的高度，然后静止释放，重锤打在桩上，接着随桩一起向下运动直到停止。

不计空气阻力，则下列说法中正确的是（）A.重锤与桩的撞击过程中，机械能守恒B.重锤随桩一起向下运动过程中，机械能守恒C.整个运动过程中，重锤和桩组成的系统动量守恒D.整个运动过程中，重锤和桩组成的系统所受合外力冲量为零5.跳高是中学生喜欢的运动项目之一，为了确保运动员的安全，会在落点区设置沙坑，下列关于沙坑作用的说法正确的是（）A.减小落地时对人的冲量B.减小落地时人的动量C.减小落地时对人的平均冲击力D.减小人落地的时间6.盛砂漏斗与悬线构成的砂摆在竖直平面摆动，其下方有一薄板垂直摆动平面被匀速拉动，可画出振动图像。

2011-2012学年高二物理下学期期末考试试题

2011-2012学年高二物理下学期期末考试试题------------------------------------------作者------------------------------------------日期2011-2012学年高二下学期期末考试物理试题一、不定项选择题。

（共 小题，每题分，共 分。

下列各小题中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得分，选对但选不全的得分，选错或不选的得分）。

●．信息时代的今天，我们的生活越来越离不开电磁波，下列叙述中正确的是✌．变化的磁场一定能产生变化的电场．有电场就会产生磁场，有磁场就会产生电场．只要有电场和磁场，就能产生电磁波．麦克斯韦提出电磁场理论，并预言电磁波的存在，赫兹通过实验验证了电磁波的存在．关于α、β、γ三种射线，下列说法中正确的是✌．α射线是原子核自发放射出的氦核，它的穿透能力最强．β射线是原子核外电子电离形成的电子流，它具有中等的穿透能力．γ射线一般们随着α或β射线产生，它的穿透能力最强．γ射线是电磁波，它的穿透能力最弱．卢瑟福原子核式结构理论的主要内容有✌．原子的中心有个核，叫做原子核．原子的正电荷均匀分布在整个原子中．原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在原子核里．带负电的电子在核外绕着核旋转为纪念爱因斯坦对物理学的巨大贡献，联合国将 年定为“国际物理年” 对于爱因斯坦提出的质能方程☜ ❍♍ ，下列说法中不正确．．．的是✌☜ ❍♍ 表明物体具有的能量与其质量成正比根据Δ☜ Δ❍♍ 可以计算核反应中释放的核能一个中子和一个质子结合成氘核时，释放出核能，表明此过程中出现了质量亏损☜ ❍♍ 中的☜是发生核反应中释放的核能．关于波的干涉和衍射下列说法正确的是✌．只有横波能发生衍射，纵波不能发生衍射．只有当障碍物的尺寸与波长相差不多时，才会发生明显的衍射现象．任意两列波叠加都能产生稳定干涉现象．两列波叠加发生干涉现象时，在振动加强的区域，有时质点的位移等于零．关于电磁波谱下列说法正确的是✌电磁波中最容易表现干涉、衍射现象的是γ射线红外线、可见光、紫外线是原子外层电子受激发以后产生的 射线是原子内层电子受激发产生的红外线的波长比红光长它具有显著的化学作用一个单摆做受迫振动，其共振曲线（振幅✌与驱动力的频率♐的关系）如图所示，则 ✌．此单摆的固有周期约为 ♦ ．此单摆的摆长约为 ❍．若摆长减小，单摆的固有频率增大．若摆长增大，共振曲线的峰将向右移动．如图是一弹簧振子的示意图，是它的平衡位置，在、之间做简谐运动，规定以向右为正方向，它的速度❖ 随时间♦ 变化的图象如图所示．下面的说法中正确的是✌．♦＝ ♦时刻，它的位置在点左侧．♦＝ ♦时刻，它的速度方向向右．♦＝ ♦时刻，它的加速度为方向向右的最大值． ♦末到 ♦末，它的加速度在增大．如下图所示，小车放在光滑的水平面上，将系绳小球拉开到一定的角度，然后同时放开小球和小车，那么在以后的过程中✌．小球向左摆动时，小车也向左运动，且系统水平方向动量守恒 ．小球向左摆动时，小车向右运动，且系统水平方向动量守恒 ．小球向左摆到最高点时，小球的速度为零而小车速度不为零 ．小球摆到最低点时，小车的速度达最大 ．有关氢原子光谱的说法正确的是 ✌．氢原子光谱说明氢原子能级是分立的 ．氢原子光谱说明氢原子发出连续频率的光 ．氢原子的发射光谱是连续谱．氢原子光谱线的频率与氢原子能级的能量差无关一个氘核（H 21）与一个氚核（H 31）发生聚变，产生一个中子和一个新核，并出现质量亏损聚变过程中✌吸收能量，生成的新核是e H 42 放出能量，生成的新核是e H 42 吸收能量，生成的新核是He 32 放出能量，生成的新核是He 32下列说法正确的是✌Th 23290经过次α衰变和次β衰变后成为稳定的原子核Pb 20882 发现中子的核反应方程是n C He Be 101264294+→+个U 23892的原子核经过两个半衰期后剩下 个U 23892U 23592在中子轰击下生成Sr 9438和Xe 14054的过程中，原子核中的平均核子质量变小如图所示，沿⌧轴正方向传播的一列简谐横波在某时刻的波形图为一正弦曲线，若波速为 ❍♦，则下列说法中正确的是 ✌．从图示时刻开始，质点♌的加速度将增大 ．图示时刻，质点♌的振动方向沿⍓轴正方向．若此波遇到另一列波并发生稳定干涉现象，则另一列波的频率为 ☟．从图示时刻开始，经过 ♦，质点♋沿波传播方向迁移了 ❍．关于光电效应，下列说法正确的是 ✌．只要光照射的时间足够长，任何金属都能产生光电效应．截止频率越大的金属材料逸出功越大．从金属表面出来的光电子的最大初动能随入射光频率的增大而减小．入射光的光强一定时，频率越高，单位时间内逸出的光电子数就越多．正电子发射型计算机断层显像☎☜❆✆的基本原理是：将放射性同位素   注入人体，在人体内衰变放出的正电子与人体内的负电子相遇湮灭转化为一对↖光子，被探测器采集后，经计算机处理生成清晰图像．则根据 ☜❆原理判断下列表述正确的是✌   在人体内衰变方程是   ❼  ☠＋♏ ．正、负电子湮灭方程是 ♏＋－ ♏❼↖．在 ☜❆中，   主要用途是作为示踪原子 ．在 ☜❆中，   主要用途是参与人体的新陈代谢 ．如图所示，两种同种玻璃制成的棱镜，顶角α大于α ，两束单色光✌、分别垂直于三棱镜，从一个侧面射入后，从第二个侧面射出的两条折射光线与第二个侧面的夹角β 和β 且β β，则下列说法正确的是 ✌．✌光的频率比光的高．在棱镜中✌光的波长比光的波长短 ．在棱镜中✌光的传播速度比光的小．把两束光由水中射向空气中均可能发生全⌧❍⍓♍❍ 反射，但✌光的临界角比光大．用频率为v 的光照射某金属表面，逸出光电子的最大初动能为E ；若改用频率为'v 的另一种光照射该金属表面，逸出光电子的最大初动能为3E 。

上海市金山中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期末考试物理试题

上海市金山中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期末考试物理试题（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）（考试时间：90分钟满分：100分）一．（30分）单项选择题本大题有15小题，每小题2分．每题只有一个是正确的．1．贝克勒尔发现天然放射现象，揭示了 ( ) A．原子不可再分 B．原子的核式结构C．原子核还可再分 D．原子核由质子和中子组成2．2009年12月7日到18日，在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开的世界气候大会上，中国承诺2020年碳排放量下降40—45%。

为了实现作为负责任大国的承诺，我们应当大力开发和利用下列能源中的（）A．石油 B．太阳能 C．天然气 D．煤炭3．宇宙空间站中的物体处于失重状态，是指这个物体 ( )A．不受地球的吸引力B．对支持它的物体的压力为零C．受到向心力和离心力的作用而处于平衡状态D．受到地球吸引力和向心力的作用而处于平衡状态4．关于电场线和磁感线，下列说法中正确的是( )A．电场线是电场中存在的直线B．磁感线是磁场中存在的曲线C．电场线不封闭，磁感线一定封闭D．电场线和磁感线都可能是封闭曲线5．一位学生激发一列绳波，如图所示，当他的手振动频率增加时，则这列绳波的（）A．速度增大 B．波长增大C．速度减小 D．周期减小6．恒星是有寿命的，每一颗恒星都有其诞生、存在和死亡的过程。

一颗恒星的寿命取决于它的（）（A）质量（B）体积（C）温度（D）亮度7．在下列情况中，物体机械能守恒的是（）（A）物体沿斜面匀速滑下（B）降落伞在空中匀速下降（C）不计空气阻力，斜向上抛出的物体在空中运动过程中（D）起重机吊着重物加速上升8．物体在一直线上运动，下列各图中表示该物体作匀速直线运动的图象是（）9．一束负电子流沿x轴正方向高速运动，如图所示，则负电子流产生的磁场在z轴上的P 点处的方向是（）A．沿y轴正方向 B．沿y轴负方向C．沿z轴正方向 D．沿z轴负方向A．小球的速度B．小球的动能C．小球的加速度D．细绳对小球的拉力11．如图所示A、B分别表示某一个门电路两个输入端的信号，Z表示该门电路输出端的信号，则根据它们的波形可以判断该门电路是 ( )A．“与”门 B．“或”门C．“非”门 D．“或非”门12．如图所示的电场中，下列关于A点和B点相比较的说法中正确的是（）（A）E A=E B（B）U A＜U B（C）E A＜E B（D）U A＞U B13．如图是某运动物体的s—t图像，则它的运动情况是（）A．开始静止，然后沿斜面下滚．以恒定的速度运动，然后逐渐变慢 C ．开始静止，然后向s 的负方向运动 D ．先沿一个平面滚动，然后沿斜面下滚14．如图所示，一弹簧振子在B 、C 两点间做机械振动，B 、C 之间的距离为12cm ，O 是平衡位置，振子每次从C 运动到B 的时间均为0.5s ，该弹簧振子（）（A ）振幅为12cm （B ）周期为2s （C ）频率为1Hz（D ）振子从O 点出发到再次回到O 点的过程就是一次全振动15．如图所示，小球静止时对斜面的压力为N ，小球所受的重力G ，可根据它产生的作用效果分解成（）（A ）垂直于斜面的分力和水平方向的分力，且N ＝G /cos θ （B ）垂直于斜面的分力和水平方向的分力，且N ＝G cos θ （C ）垂直于斜面的分力和平行于斜面的分力，且N ＝G /cos θ （D ）垂直于斜面的分力和平行于斜面的分力，且N ＝G cos θ 二．（20分）填空题本大题有5小题，每小题4分． 16．如下面左图为一圆环，其圆心为O ，若以它的直径AB 为轴做匀速转动，如图所示，则圆环上Q 、P 两点的线速度大小之比是___________。

上海重点中学2011-2012学年高二下学期期末考试地理试题

上海重点中学2011-2012学年度第二学期高二相关地理期终试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成）命题、审核：秦伟班级______________姓名____________得分___________一、单项选择题：（每小题2分，共50分）1、下列省区轮廓与其对应的简称不正确．．．的是:A B C D2、在与我国陆上相邻的国家中，面积最大和人口最多的分别是 ( ) A．俄罗斯印度 B．印度俄罗斯 C．朝鲜韩国 D．韩国朝鲜3、我国季风区与非季风区的地理界线是下列中的( ) A．大兴安岭—太行山—巫山—雪峰山B．昆仑山—祁连山—横断山C．大兴安岭—阴山—贺兰山—巴颜喀拉山—冈底斯山D．青藏高原的东南边缘—秦岭—淮河4、秦岭——淮河以南大部分属于( ) A．湿润区、亚热带 B．湿润区、热带C．半湿润区、亚热带 D．半湿润区、暖温带5、四川盆地与准噶尔盆地相比较，其相同点是( ) A．都位于地势的第二级阶梯上 B．都有绿洲农业C．都属外流区域 D．都分布有丰富的煤、铁、石油等6、位于渤海沿岸的港口城市是( )A.大连、天津B.秦皇岛、连云港C.青岛、大连D.天津、秦皇岛7、我国北方大油田自北向南的正确排序是( )A.大庆、华北、辽河、胜利B.大庆、辽河、华北、胜利C.大庆、华北、胜利、辽河D.大庆、胜利、辽河、华北8、黄河、长江干流都流经的省级行政区和地形区有( )A.青海、西藏和青藏高原B.四川、甘肃和四川盆地C.青海、四川和青藏高原D.青海、甘肃和黄土高原9、下列四组国家中，全部为我国陆上邻国的是( )A.俄罗斯、泰国B.缅甸、孟加拉国C.巴基斯坦、日本D.越南、印度10、我国少数民族集中分布的地区是( )A.东北、东南、西北B.西南、西北、东北C.西南、西北、东南D.东北、西南、东南11、下列省区中人口密度最大的是 ( )A.青海B.云南C.山东D.甘肃秋色尽染的千佛山下，全运会的圣火缓缓熄灭，运动的激情化为难忘的回忆。

上海重点中学2011-2012学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

上海重点中学2011-2012学年度第二学期高二英语期末试卷(满分150分,130分钟完成.答案一律写在答题卡、答题纸上)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A．At a car shop．B．At a garage．C．In a parking area．D．In a car showroom．2. A．The meeting started earlier．B．His car was broken．C．He met with a traffic jam．D．He lost his way．3 A．Change his address．B．Mail some letters．C．Deliver some telegrams．D．Call the post office．4．A．He wrote it last semester．B．He’ll finish it in a few minutes．C．He never does assignment early．D．He isn’t going to write it．5．A．Boss and secretary．B．Coach and athlete．C．Doctor and patient．D．Teacher and student．6．A．10:00．B．10:10． C. 10:20． D. 10:30．7．A．It’s better than it used to be．B．It’s not as good as it was．C．It’ s better than people say．D．It’s even worse than people say．8．A．Because she has walked a long distance．B．Because she is tired out．C．Because she is all wet．D．Because she is careless．9．A．Rewrite the paper．B．Ask the woman to do some typing．C．Read the newspaper again．D．Check the paper for mistakes．10．A．A rent increase．B．A bargain．C．A salary cut．D． A vacation trip．Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Two inches. B. Fifteen inches. C. Twenty-four inches. D. One foot.12. A. Near Denver. B. In Florida C. In the desert southeast. D. Along the Gulf coast.13. A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Warm. D. Cold.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Eighty years B. Forty years C. thirty-five years D. fifty-three years15. A. she lost her record B. she didn’t stop at a red light.C. she saw a red lightD. she stopped at a red light.16. A. Because she was too old. B. Because she didn’t look at the traffic light.C. Because she wanted to break her record.D. Because her eyes had become too weak to see the red light.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you will be required to fulfill the task by filling in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.The purpose of the man’s telephoning Nancy Because Nancy’s application form is __17___. One of the skills Nancy has ___18_____Nancy’s strong points A pleasant ___19____ and good interpersonalskills.The date when Nancy can begin to work __20___ 10 July.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What’s the woman’s job? A ____21_______ of the sales manager.Where does she work? In a ____22___.What qualifications has she got? A degree in ____23______.___24______ with her boss.What does she enjoy though she can have onlytwo weeks a year for holidays?II. Grammar and Vocabulary (33%)Section A (24%)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.17. The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivialand few as hardly _____.A. noticedB. being noticedC. to noticeD. to be noticed18. _____ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. blamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed19. They were surprised at ________ in the traffic accident.A. he narrowly escaped to be hitB. he narrowly escaped being hitC. his narrowly escaping being hitD. his narrowly escaping hitting20. The scientist _________to _______the secret of nature deserves to win the respect of the world.A. devoted, expose .B. devoted, exposingC. devoting, exposingD. was devoted, exposing21. The villagers will never forget the trouble the soldiers took _____ the victims in the earthquake.A. rescuedB. in rescuingC. rescueD. to rescue22. The pilot felt something ________ wrong with the engine soon after the plane took off.A. goB. goingC. wentD. to go23. At the critical moment my advisor mentioned ________ the scientist who used DNA test to solvethe centuries- old mystery.A. contacting withB. to contactC. contactingD. to contact with24. ________ wishing to be successful in his work should learn how to cooperate with others.A. Those whoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. No matter who25. He________ to leave for New Y ork yesterday, but the heavy snow made him change his mind.A. hopedB. was hopingC. had hopedD. would have hoped26. She asks that she ________an opportunity to explain why she's refused to go there.A. is givenB. must giveC. should giveD. be given27. Between the two rows of trees ________the Buddha scenic spot.A. standB. standsC. standingD. are standing28. The lady was knocked down on the campus, dead. She _____ but for her unselfishness.A. might have livedB. must have been savedC. could have been killedD. should have avoided it29. --- Where ___ the book? I can’t see it anywhere.---I put it right here. But now it’s gone.A. did you putB. have you putC. had you putD. were you putting30. ---I took a photo of you just now.---Really? I _______ with attention.A. didn’t lookB. wasn’t lookingC. am not lookingD. haven’t looked31. _______ the production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.A. ForB. AsC. BecauseD. With32. The lazy boy is expecting a way ______ he can get through the exams without hard work.A. thatB. in thatC. whichD. where33. _______ we saw in the previous chapter, grammar is just a structural system of a language.A. asB. soC. whateverD. while34. Cheer up, Maria! Y ou can also enjoy _____ you have been dreaming of, if you don’t lose heart.A．as a convenient life as B．as convenient a life asC．as a life convenient as D．convenient as a life as35. He puts these impolite behaviors under a microscope in a (n) ______ to explain why we seem tohave become so much ruder in recent years.A. WayB. intentionC. attemptD. trial36. Good news issued by the government has _____ businessmen on Wall Street to buy stocks.A. indicatedB. threatenedC. toldD. convinced37. Do remind me tomorrow because I’m ___ to forget what they asked me to do.A. possibleB. likelyC. capableD. worried38. For the first time in history, the Chinese scientists reached the Arctic region and ___it.A. exploredB. reviewedC. exposedD. searched39. The teacher you want to speak isn’t ___to take your call. Please leave a message.A. acceptableB. comfortableC. availableD. reasonable40. We were _______ that everything possible was being done.A. insuredB. ensuredC. assuredD. belie vedSection B (9%)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. consideredB. overlookedC. particularD. languagesE. primaryAE. survival AD. preserving AC. extremely AB. frequently BC. disappearing“True creativity often starts where language ends.”---Arthur KoestlerThe net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is 41 overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting (配置) 48effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live togeth er with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49 than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (20%)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI. Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American mili tary adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be. To the men and women who 50 in World War Ⅱ and the people they liberated, the GI was the 51 man grown into hero, the poor farm kid torn away from his home, the guy who 52 all the burdens of battles, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without the 53 of food and shelter, who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder. This was not a volunteer soldier, not someone well paid, 54 an average guy up against the best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies in centuries.His name isn’t55 . GI. is just a military abbreviation 56 Government Issue, and it was on all of the articles 57 to soldiers. And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 58 it to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Palooka, Joe Magrac…a working class name. The United States has 59 had a president or vice- president or secretary of state Joe.GI. Joe had a 60 career fighting German, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a character or a 61 of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle 62 portrayed(描写) themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the 63 side of the war, writing about thedirt-snow-and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were 64 or what towns were captured or 65 . His reports paralleled (相似) the “Willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men 66 the dirt and exhaustion of war, the fragments of civilization that the soldiers 67 with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep.68 Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, GI. Joe was American soldiers, 69 the most important person in their lives.50. A. performed B. served C. rebelled D. betrayed51. A. actual B. common C. special D. normal52. A. bore B. caused C. removed D. loaded53. A. necessities B. facilities C. commodities D. properties54. A. and B. nor C. but D. hence55. A. common B. much C. popular D. made-up56. A. intending B. implying C. symbolizing D. claiming57. A. handed out B. turned over C. brought back D. passed down58. A. pushed B. got C. made D. managed59. A. ever B. never C. either D. neither60. A. dismissed B. disturbed C. disputed D. distinguished61. A. company B. collection C. community D. colony62. A. employed B. appointed C. interviewed D. questioned63. A. ethical B. military C. political D. human64. A. ruined B. walked C. left D. covered65. A. liberated B. occupied C. dumped D. deserted66. A. neglected B. avoided C. emphasized D. admired67. A. destroyed B. shared C. envied D. longed68. A. With B. To C. Among D. Beyond69. A. on the contrary B. by this means C. from the beginning D. at that pointSection B (42%)Directions: Read the following five passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. V ery soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind” blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us f eel cold.The next scene was a complete contrast. The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked trick like this, pa lm trees, sandy beaches, as if they were at the water’sedge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film “stars”!70. Who is the author?A. A cameraman.B. A film director.C. A crowd-scene actor.D. A workman for scene setting.71. What made the author feel cold?A. The heavy snowfall.B. The man-made scene.C. The low temperature.D. The film being shown.72. What would happen in the “three minutes” mentioned in the last paragraph?A. A new scene would be filmed.B. More stars would act in the film.C. The author would leave the studio.D. The next scene would be prepared.( B )Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears, clothing and some sorts of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels, more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice. After filling stomachs, our clothes, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, ,safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.73. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothingonly when ________.A. he has saved up enough moneyB. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC. he has satisfied his hunger for foodD. he has learned to build house74. It can be inferred from the passage that at the end of World War II most Americans ________.A. were very richB. live in povertyC. had the good things on the first three levelsD. did not own automobiles75. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?A. The more goods the betterB. The more mental satisfaction the betterC. The more "luxury" items the betterD. The more earnings the better76. The author is inclined to think that a fifth level ________A. would be little better than the fourth levelB. may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC. can be the last and most satisfying levelD. will become attainable provided the government takes action( C )In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share.It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly tell tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”---- caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.“Many people do not like talking to machines,” says Dr, Storey, Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust them – the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering ( saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours, but getting it done within two) replacing a faulty product immediately; throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券)as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.Aiming for customer delight is all very well, but if services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment or worse will be the result. This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy(for example, “I know how you must feel”), and possible solutions (replacement, compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case).Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. They are trained to answer quickly, with their names, job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The company has inv ested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen.British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as “we do as we please”. On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.77. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _______.A. complaining customers are hard to satisfyB. unsatisfied customers receive better serviceC .satisfied customers catch more attentionD. well-treated customers promote business78. The writer mentions “phone rage” (Paragraph 3) to show that ________.A. customers often use phones to express their angerB. people still prefer to buy goods onlineC. customer care becomes more demandingD. customers rely on their phones to obtain services79. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph 6), what would he probably say?A. “I know how upset you must be.”B. “I appreciate your understanding.”C. “I’m sorry for the delay.”D. “I know it’s our fault.”80. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?A. Face-to-face service creates comfortable feelings among customers.B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.D. Customer delight is more important for air lines than for banks.( D )Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned(蔑视). School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on this educational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates (强制) that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.This rule is meant to solve the difficulty that students from poor or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot complete on their own or that they cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a part of schooling; teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see very little difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible thatthe homework helped. Y et rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule.At the same time, the policy solves none of the truly thorny(棘手的) questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students’ academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing. Conversely(相反地), if homework matters, it should account for a significant portion of the grade. Meanwhile, this policy does nothing to ensure that the homework students receive is meaningful or appropriate to their age and the subject, or that teachers are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.81. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework____.A. is receiving more criticismB. is no longer an educational ritualC. is not required for advanced coursesD. is gaining more preferences82. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.A. tend to have moderate expectations for their educationB. have asked for a different educational standardC. may have problems finishing their homeworkD. have voiced their complaints about homework83. According to Paragraph 3 one problem with the policy is that it may____.A. discourage students from doing homeworkB. result in students’ indifference to their report cardsC. undermine the authority of state testsD. restrict teachers’ power in education84. As mentioned in Paragraph 4 a thorny question unanswered about homework is_____.A. it should be eliminatedB. it counts much in schoolingC. it places extra burdens on teachersD. it is important for grades85. A suitable title for this text could be____.A .Wrong Interpretations of an Educational PolicyB. A Welcomed Policy for Poor StudentsC. Thorny Questions about HomeworkD. A Faulty Approach to Homework( E )The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits”. According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan(清教徒的) tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The NewEngland colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity(精湛技艺).The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons(布道) explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churches.Meanwhile, many settler s had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion. “Our main end was to catch fish.”86. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.A. Puritan tradition dominated political life.B. intellectual interests were encouraged.C .politics benefited much from intellectual efforts.D .intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.87. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders__________.A. experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.B. brought with them the culture of the Old WorldC. paid little attention to southern intellectual lifeD. were obsessed with religious innovations88. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.A. were famous in the New World for their writingsB. gained increasing importance in religious affairsC. abandoned high positions before coming to the New WorldD. created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England89. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often __________.A. influenced by superstitionsB. troubled with religious beliefsC. puzzled by church sermonsD. frustrated with family earnings90. The text suggests that early settlers in New England__________.。

上海市金山中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期末考试物理试题.pdf

题有小题，每小题分每小题给出的四个答案中，只有一个是正确的
A．平均速度 B．匀速直线运动 C．气体等压变化 D．匀速圆周运动
2．简谐振动属于：匀加速运动；匀速直线运动；速运动匀变速运动关于物体运动状态的改变，下列说法中正确的
是
A．物体运动的速率不变，其运动状态就不变
B物体运动的加速度不变，其运动状态就不变C．物体运动状态的改变包括两种情况：一是由静止到运动，二是由运
刻的波形如图所示，t=02s时C点开始振动，
A．t=03s时，质点B将到达质点C的位置
B．t=015s时，质点A的速度方向向上
C．t=0到t=06s时间内，B质点的平均速度大小为10m/s
D．t0.15s时，质点B的加速度方向向下和做匀速圆周运动的周期分别为T1和T设在、各自所在的上的加速度大小分
B．距离OA大于OB
C．距离OA小于OB
D．无法做出明确的判断
7．已知物体运动的初速度v0的方向及它受到的恒定的合外力F的方向，图8．如图所示，作用于原点O的三力平衡
，已知三力均位于xOy平面内，其中力F1的大小沿y轴负方向；力F2的大小未知，与x轴正方向的夹角为θ．下列关于力
F3的判断正确的是：A．力F3只能在第二象限．
B力F3与F2夹角越小，则F2与F3的合力越小．
C力F3的最小值为F1cosθ．
D力F3可能在第三象限的任意区域．二．（24分）单项选择题本大题有8小题，每小题3分．每小题给出的四个答案
中，只有一个是正确的．关于摩擦力，以下说法中正确的是：（）
A．运动物体可能受到静摩擦力作用，但静止物体不可能受到滑动摩擦力作用
动到静止
D物体的运动速度不变，我们就说它的运动状态不变．做平抛运动的物体，每秒速度的增量总是

上海市金山中学2011-2012学年高二下学期学业水平模拟考试物理试题Word版含答案

一、单项选择题（共36分，每小题3分。

每小题只有一个正确答案） 1．在国际单位制中，力学的三个基本物理量是（A ）长度、力、时间（B ）长度、质量、时间（C ）长度、力、质量、时间（D ）速度、加速度、力2．卢瑟福的粒子散射实验的结果表明（A ）原子还可再分（B ）原子核还可再分（C ）原子具有核式结构（D ）原子核由质子和中子组成3．一房间内，上午10点钟时的温度为16℃，下午2点钟时的温度为24℃，则下午2点钟与上午10点钟相比较，房间内的空气分子的平均动能（A ）增大（B ）减小（C ）不变（D ）无法确定4．一个门电路的两个输入端A 、B 与输出端Z 的波形如图所示，则可知该门电路是（A ）“与”门（B ）“或”门（C ）“与非”门（D ）“或非”门5．用水平恒力F 作用于质量为M 的物体，使之在光滑的水平面上沿力的方向移动一段距离s ，恒力做功为W 1，再用该恒力作用于质量为m(m ＜M)的物体上，使之在粗糙的水平面上移动同样距离s ，恒力做功为W 2，则两次恒力做功的关系是（A ）W 1>W 2 （B ）W 1<W 2 （C ）W 1=W 2 （D ）无法判断6．在水平地面上有一固定的楔形物块a ，其斜面上静止一小物块b 。

现用力F 沿不同方向作用在小物块b 上，小物块b 仍保持静止，如图所示。

则力F 作用后，a 、b 之间的静摩擦力一定保持不变的是B A7．有一带电粒子只受电场力作用，沿着如图所示中的虚线穿越竖直向上的电场从A 点运动至B 点，则下列说法中正确的是 ① 粒子带正电 ② 粒子带负电③ 粒子在B 处的动能大于在A 处的动能 ④ 电场中A 处的动能大于在B 处的动能（A ）只有①和③ （B ）只有①和④ （C ）只有②和③ （D ）只有①和④8．如图所示，绕在铁芯上的线圈与电源、滑动变阻器和电键组成闭合回路，在铁芯的右端套有一个表面绝缘的铜环A ，下列各种情况中铜环A 中没有感应电流的是（A ）线圈中通以恒定的电流（B ）通电时，使变阻器的滑片P 作匀速移动（C ）通电时，使变阻器的滑片P 作加速移动（D ）将电键突然断开的瞬间9．神舟七号载人航天飞船于2008年9月25日21点10分04秒988毫秒从中国卫星发射中心载人航天发射场用长征二号F 火箭发射升空。

上海重点中学2011-2012学年高二下学期期末考试化学试题缺答案

上海重点中学2011—2012年第二学期高二化学相关期终试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成，答案请写在答题纸上。

）相对原子质量：H－1、C－12、O－16、Cl—35.5一、选择题（本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1、若不断地升高温度，实现“雪花→水→水蒸气→氧气和氢气”的变化，则整个过程中破坏的粒子间的作用力的种数为：A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4d 轨道中电子排布成，而不排布成，其最直接的根据是：B．泡利原理C．能级交错现象D．能量最低原理3、氢元素与其他元素形成的二元化合物称为氢化物，下面关于氢化物的叙述不正确的是：A．一个D2O分子所含的中子数为8 B．NH3的结构式为H ——HC．HCl的电子式为H D．热稳定性：H2S＞HI4、“乙醇汽油”就是在汽油里加入适量乙醇混合而成的一种燃料。

有关叙述正确的是：A．乙醇汽油是多种烃的混合物B．乙醇汽油是一种新的化合物C．工业上常用干馏的方法获得汽油D．工业上用玉米、高粱发酵可以制得乙醇5、下列有机物的命名正确的是：A．二溴乙烷：B．3—乙基—1—丁烯：C．2—甲基—2,4—己二烯：D．2,4—三甲基戊烷：二、选择题（本题共36分，每小题3分，每题只有一个正确选项）6、对下列化学用语的理解正确的是：A ．原子结构示意图可以表示12C，也可以表示14CB ．比例模型可以表示二氧化碳分子，也可以表示水分子C ．电子式可以表示羟基，也可以表示氢氧根离子D．分子式C2H4O2可以表示乙酸，也可以表示乙二醇7、根据相关化学原理，下列判断正确的是：A．若X是原子晶体，Y是分子晶体，则熔点：X＜YB．若A2 + 2 D-→ 2 A-+ D2，则氧化性：D2＞A2C．若R-2和M+的电子层结构相同，则原子序数：R＞MD．若弱酸HA的酸性强于弱酸HB，则同浓度钠盐溶液的碱性：NaA＜NaB8、下列说法错误．．的是：A．乙醇和乙酸都是常用调味品的主要成分B．乙醇和乙酸的沸点和熔点都比C2H6 、C2H4的沸点和熔点高C．乙醇和乙酸都能发生氧化反应D．乙醇和乙酸之间能发生酯化反应，酯化反应和皂化反应互为逆反应9、有关晶体的下列说法中正确的是：A．分子晶体的稳定性决定于分子间作用力的大小B．原子晶体的熔点一定高于其它晶体C．NaHSO4熔化状态和在水溶液中均能发生相同的电离过程而导电D．含有阳离子的化合物晶体，一定含有阴离子10、下列物质鉴别所用试剂不正确的是：A．乙醇与乙酸用CaCO3固体B．乙烷和乙烯用NaOH溶液C．苯、CCl4和甲酸用水D．乙烯与乙烷用溴水11、烃分子中碳、氢两种元素质量比为5 : 1，且分子中含有3个甲基，则该烃分子的一氯代物共有几种（不考虑空间异构）：A．1 B．2 C．3 D．412、设N A为阿伏伽德罗常数的值。

上海市松江二中11-12学年高一下学期期末考试物理试题

松江二中2011学年度第二学期期末考试试卷高一物理第Ⅰ卷（本卷g取10m/s2）一、单选题（每题只有一个正确答案，每题3分，共30分）1．一质点做匀速圆周运动时，关于线速度、角速度和周期的关系，下列说法正确的是（）A．线速度大的角速度一定大B．角速度大的周期一定小C．周期小的线速度一定大D．周期与半径一定无关2．一个弹簧振子的振动周期是0.025s，当振子从平衡位置开始向右运动，经过0.17s 时，振子的运动情况是（）A．正在向右做减速运动B．正在向右做加速运动C．正在向左做减速运动D．正在向左做加速运动3. 一列机械波从一种介质进入另一种介质时,有关物理量的情况是( )A.波速、频率、波长均不变B.波速不变、频率、波长将发生改变C.频率不变、波速、波长将发生改变D.波速、频率、波长均发生改变4．起重机的吊钩下挂一个质量为M的物体，并以加速度a匀减速下降h高度，在下降过程中物体克服钢索的拉力所做的功为（）A．Mgh B．M(g－a)h C．M(g+a)h D．M(a－g)h5．在同一介质中，两列相干波相互叠加，则（）A．波峰与波峰叠加的点振动最强，波谷与波谷叠加的点振动最弱B．波峰与波峰叠加的点在经过半个周期后将是波谷与波谷在该点相遇，振动始终最强C．振动最强的点经过四分之一周期后刚好经过平衡位置，此时它的振动最弱D．如果两相干波源振幅不相等，则振动最弱的点将不会出现6．关于布朗运动，下列说法中正确的是（）A．布朗运动是液体分子的无规则运动B．布朗运动是悬浮在液体中的小颗粒的无规则运动C．布朗运动的无规则运动是微粒中分子无规则运动的反映D．温度越高、颗粒越大则布朗运动越明显7．一定质量的气体，保持体积不变，当它的温度从100︒C升高到200︒C时，它的压强（）A．改变为原来的1/2 B．改变为原来的2倍C．改变为原来的100/273 D．改变为原来的473/3738．一定质量的气体，在压强不变时，温度每升高1°C，它的体积的增加量（）A．相同B．逐渐增大C．逐渐减小D．成正比例地增大9．如图所示，一个质量为m的小球，用长为L的轻绳悬挂于天花板上的O点，小球在水平拉力F作用下，从平衡位置P缓慢地移动到Q点，则在此过程中力F所做的功为（）A.mgLcosθ.B.mgL(1－cosθ).C.FLsinθ.D.FL(1－cosθ)10．一个物体从O处自由下落，途经A、B两点，如右图所示。

上海市中国中学2021-2022学年高二物理下学期期末试卷含解析

上海市中国中学2021-2022学年高二物理下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. 一绳长为L的单摆，在平衡位置正上方（L—L′）的P处有一个钉子，如图所示，这个摆的周期是（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：D2. 电阻R、电容C与一线圈连成闭合电路，条形磁铁静止于线圈的正上方，N极朝下，如图所示。

现使磁铁开始自由下落，在N极接近线圈上端的过程中，流过R的电流方向和电容器极板的带电情况是A.从a到b，上极板带正电B.从a到b，下极板带正电C.从b到a，上极板带正电D.从b到a，下极板带正电参考答案：D3. （多选题）在光滑水平面上，一质量为m、速度大小为v的A球与质量为2m静止的B球碰撞发生正碰，碰撞可能是弹性的，也可能是非弹性的。

则碰后B球的速度大小可能是()A．0.6v B．0.4v C．0.3v D．0.2v参考答案：AB以两球组成的系统为研究对象，以A球的初速度方向为正方向，如果碰撞为你弹性碰撞，由动量守恒定律得：由机械能守恒定律得：，解得：，负号表示碰撞后A球反向弹回，如果碰撞为完全非弹性碰撞，以A球的初速度方向为正方向，由动量守恒定律得：解得：，则碰撞后B球的速度范围是：，故AB正确。

故选AB。

4. （2014秋?崂山区校级期中）电路中每分钟有6.0×1013个自由电子通过横截面积为0.6×10﹣6m2的导线，那么电路中的电流是（）A. 0.046AB. 1.6×10﹣7AC. 0.16AD. 1.6×1012A参考答案：B解：由I=得：I=；故选：B．5. 下列关于超重与失重的说法中，正确的是A．超重就是物体的重力增加了B．失重就是物体的重力减少了C．完全失重就是物体的重力没有了D．不论是超重、失重，还是完全失重，物体所受的重力是不变参考答案：D二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题2分，共计16分6. 如图所示，矩形线圈abcd 的一半放在B＝0.1T的匀强磁场中，ab边长10 cm，bc边长20 cm，若线圈绕ab边以角速度?＝100 ???rad/s匀速旋转，由图示位置转过90°的时刻，线圈中瞬时感应电动势大小为，线圈转过90°过程中平均感应电动势大小为。