上海市松江二中高三英语三模

高三英语模拟练习（二）Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that fits each blank.The Birthday Party ProjectOn a flight from Dallas,Texas,to Cincinnati,Ohio,to visit a friend in 2008,event planner Paige Chenault daydreamed about the birthday parties she’d throw(browse) through a magazine ,she saw a photo of a poverty -stricken Haitian boy.”I thought,this kid has noting.”Paige says .For the next four days,Paige and her husband,Colin,took time out from parenthood to visit shelters to determine how best to pull off the parties .Finally ,in January 2012,Paige launched the Birthday Party Project ,a nonprofit organization,and called on friends and family to help decorate Dallas's 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter___24 ___balloons and streamers, celebrating the birthday of 11 boys and girls ,with 60 more homeless kids in attendance .”That first party was ___25___(good) than I could have ever imagined,”says Paige .Now Paige and her staff of three___26___(pay) employees work with regional volunteers,aka "birthday enthusiasts," to plan monthly themed parties at 15 shelters across the country,some of___27___house abandoned kids .Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative placemat, and individual cake or cupcake .One of Paige’s favorite parts of each party is ___28___the kids make a wish and blow out the candles.”Rarely ___29 ___they get a chance to dream big,”saysPaige .Her daughter ,Lizzie ,now seven ,often helps out at the parties. Paige says ,”The one thing I've always wanted is for my kid___30___(be) generous. ”Section BDirection :Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.For social animals,such as humans,the ability to distinguish different from one another is important since this skill enables us to get important social information is a stranger and introduction would be more___31___.But how do we recollect the faces we know?The first step to facial recognition is the___32___of visual information in the brain,which is thought to rely on the orientation of ___33___such as lines.By studying images of famous people,such as Coldplay’s Chris Martin and actor George Clooney,researchers have found that nearly all the information we need to recognize a face is contained in___34___lines,such as the lines of the eyebrows,the eyes,and the lips.Further analysis of facial composition has revealed that these features could be___35___into black and white lines of information,similar to bar codes.Bar codes,such as those found on groceries in supermarkets,were developed as efficient way of obtaining information from food packages;Straight,one-dimensional (一维的）lines are far easier to deal with than two-dimensional___36___such as numbers.Our faces may have___37___in a similar way - for example,to allow parents and infants to recognize each other.The researchers analyzed various natural images,such as flowers and landscapes,and found that faces are unique in ___38___ all their useful informationwith something like the lines of the eyebrows,the eyes,and the lips.The bar-code pattern has many advantages:It allows a face to be recognized ___39___ by the visual parts of the brain it is easy to locate in complex scenes;and it appear to be ___40___ to changes in the overall appearance of the face.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The word graffiti simply means words or drawing scratched or scribbled(乱涂)on a wall and has been around since humans have lived in societies:Most people now agree that art in the from of graffiti ___41___ in New York in the 1960s-and it has been developing ever since.However,it is not readily accept as being art,like those works that we go to galleries or museums to see.It is not ___42___the status of genuine art because of a lack of from or other basic aesthetic(美学的)elements.In fact,most of the___43___to graffiti art is due to its location and unexpected and unconventional presentation;but the criticism of illegality,incoherence andnon-standard presentation does not necessarily___44___it as art.There are three main levels and types of graffiti,First,there is the ‘tag’- the stylized writing of a name-which,while it might___45___a style of writing,has little or no aesthetic appeal.In fact,the tag or individual mark is not produced for aesthetic purpose, but is basically a means of indicating the writer’s___46___– the age-old statement of“I was here”. Murals（壁画） for community enhancement and beautification are also a form of graffiti, even though they are not thought of in this way because most murals are formally arranged for. These are more colourful and complex. They take a considerable amount of skill to complete, and murals can be done in a graffiti art style or as a traditional pictorial scene. The last form of graffiti is graffiti art, which is the___47___ use of spraypaint to produce an artwork that is graffiti or done in a graffiti-like style.The reasons and values for why one might engage in graffiti art are as___48___ as the artists who produce it.A chief reason is the prospect of fame and recognition of one’s artistic talent. Graffiti is also a form of self-expression. The art as “writing”is a method of communicating with other writers and the general public. What it communicates is the artist’s___49___, expression and ideas. Judgments are based solely on one’s artistic ability. This type of communication is of value because it links people regardless of cultural, linguistic or racial___50___ in a way that nothing else can. ___51___, producing graffiti art with a crew builds team work in that the crew works together for the accomplishment of a common goal. Some graffitists view their art as a political protest, others as a protest against the established art market and gallery system, in that art is not only that which appears in a gallery as___52___ by the curator（美术馆长）. Some also view their creations on public and private spaces as statements against private___53___. Of course, the majority of graffitists___54___ what they do and find it to be fun, rewarding and exciting. Although these reasons are valid, they do not___55___ settle the matter as to why graffiti art is art or why it is a valid form art form despite its illegal origins.41.A.benefited B.approached C.originated D.functioned42.A.considered B.denied C.given D.charged43.A.opposition B.barrier C.tendency D.Reference44.A.remove B.regard C.accept D.disqualify45.A.suggest B.destroy unch D.prefer46.A.reputation B.interest C.presence D.talent47.A.creative B.funny C.traditional D.growing48.A.famous B.varied C.exciting D.disappointing49.A.signature B.identity C.masterpiece D.appearance50.A.differences B.prejudices C.violence D.injustice51.A.After all B.even so C.In addition D.On the whole52.A.challenged B.appreciated C.discouraged D.determined53.A.conversation B.life C.visits D.property54.A.claim B.enjoy C.conceal D.recycle55.A.efficiently B.defensively C.disagreeably D.conclusivelySection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What are the check-in agents really doing when they type at their computers?Depending on what computer system the airline uses, check-in agents can talk to each other through e-mail.So when they seem to be talking a very long time to type your rather short name into the computer, they are probably sending one of their colleagues a message– usually about you or about someone in the line behind you.______56______There is a sensible drinking policy on all airlines, which means that we are not supposed to serve passengers if they start getting noisy, but some cabin crew members think that if you give them enough to eat and drink, they will eventually fall asleep and give you no trouble at all. And, as every flight attendant knows, a snoring plane is a happy plane. That’s the reason, of course, why we like to turn the heat up halfway through a flight…Out of1,000 passengers, how many will probably lose their luggage?Some airports are“famous”for losing passengers’ luggage. Heathrow Airport of London has a poor reputation– most airports lose about two in every thousand bags, but Heathrow loses 80 per thousand, which means for every 500 people who check in, 40 won’t get their bags or suitcases at the other end! This is mainly because the transport times between the terminals are so tight. When the airport is busy, which it always is, there is so much baggage being transported between the terminals and so little time to do it that a lot of the transferred luggage gets left behind.Why do airport employees sometimes have a problem with wheelchairs?Wheelchairs are a big problem for us. Not only is there a shortage of them for the people who really need them, but worse still, some of the people who request them often don’t need them at all. I’ve lost count of the number of times. I’ve pushed someone through the airport, taken them through customs and passport control, and then seen the person jump up in Arrivals and sprint toward their waiting relatives. One flight attendant I know gets so annoyed when this happens that as soon as the passenger gets out of the chair, she shouts,“Ladies and gentlemen! I give you another miracle! After decades in a chair, he walks again!” The passenger is usually so embarrassed that he disappears as quickly as he can.56.Which of the following questions best fits in the blank numbered 56?A. What drinks do you offer on your airline?B. When will passengers eventually fall asleep?C. What kind of passengers are most likely to give you trouble?D. Why is the heat often suddenly heated up halfway through a flight?57.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Check-in agents are not always easy to please.B. Transferred luggage is most likely to be lost in Heathrow Airport.C. There is no connections between the terminals in Heathrow Airport.D. Waiting in line to be checked in is disagreeable to most passengers.58.Why are wheelchairs a big problem?A. Passengers may get embarrassed if they are found sitting on them.B. There are so many of them that it is hard for the airport to keep them well.C. Some people who want to use them may pretend to be physically disabled.D. Flight attendants are unwilling to push passengers on them through the airport.59.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Air travel:what mattersB.Air travel: the inside storyC.Air travel: a personal experienceD. Air travel: an unforgettable time(B)Climate change is now something we cannot close our eyes to, and governmentsall over the world have finally realized that they have to sit up and take notice. These are some of the things that many scientists predict will happen if we keepon polluting the atmosphere with CO2 emissions.Short term by the year2050●More than a third of the world’s plant and animal species will have become extinct.●The lee in the Arctic Sea will melt every summer causing the extinction of polar bears. Many glaciers, for example, on Mount Kilimanjaro, will have melted completely.● Fifty percent of the world’s ski resorts will have closed down due to lack of snow.Mid term by the year2100● Sea levels will have risen by 6-27 inches（16-69 centimeters）.This means that low-lying islands like the Maldives will no longer be habitable.●The number of serious coastal storms and tsunamis will have doubled.● Northern European cities, e.g., Paris and London,will be having 50 days a yearof heat waves when temperatures are over 86°F （30°C)（there are currently 6-9 days).Long term： by the year3000●Temperatures will have risen by about 59°F （15°C） .●Sea levels will have risen by more than36 feet（11 metres）, flooding large areas of Bangladesh, and many low-lying cities, such as New York. Hundreds of missions of people will be displace.●One third of the world will be suffering from extreme droughts, and halfthe world will be having moderate droughts. Tens of millions of Africans will have to move to other countries.60.According to the passage, what will happen by the year2100?A.The world’s ski resorts will mostly be out of business.B.Some cities will suffer from hot days for a longer time.C.The annual average temperature will have gone up to86°F.D.Sea levels will have doubled and flooded large areas of America.61.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The population of the world’s animals will have decreased by a third in50 years.B.Low-lying islands will disappear due to the increasing number of coastal storms.C.Droughts may force people in Africa to leave their home in less than1000 years.D.Sea levels keep rising every year, leading to more frequent occurrence Of Tsunamis.62.What is the passage mainly about?A.The causes of climate changeB. The promising future of the earth.C.The ways to cut down on CO2 emissions.D.The possible results of climate Change.(C)When it comes to manned missions into deep space there are no shortage of proposals on the drawing board,but one proposal that deserves a serious glances is Nautilus-X. It’s a spacecraft that builds largely on existing technology to make human exploration of the Solar System a realistic possibility, and at a reasonable price too.Drawn up by NASA engineers Mark Holderman and Edward Henderson, Nautilus-X would be capable of supporting a crew of six for missions lasting from one month to two years. Although not capable of landing on the surface of another world itself it has docking ports to which landing craft can be attached.The intention of the vehicle is that once built, it could remain in space for many years with several different crews using it. For example, one crew could travel to Nautilus-X in an Orion spacecraft and then take the entire spacecraft to Mars for a mission lasting up to a year. They would then return in Nautilus-X at the conclusion of the mission and leave the spacecraft near Earth orbit, ready and waiting for another crew, while they travel back to the surface of Earth in their Orion capsule.Such an implementation would allow multiple rotating crews to make use of the spacecraft on a variety of missions. Solar panels（太阳能板） would make the stationalmost entirely self-sustainable, while on-board farms could provide astronauts with food. At the beginning of a mission, though, it’s likely astronauts would need to bring some supplies with them, perhaps on a separate spacecraft such as Spacex’s Dragon.Another key feature of Nautilus-X is, as you may have noticed in our accompanying illustration, the centrifuge. It is well documented that lengthy exposure to space can have a harmful effect on an astronaut’s health, their muscle and bone strength in particular. It is estimated that as two per cent of bone mass is lost for every month an astronaut is weightless in space, so providing an artificial gravity environment could be essential for long-term exploration missions. The centrifuge on Nautilus-X would provide between 0.51 to 0.69 of Earth’s gravity, allowing astronauts to recover bone mass they may have lost while on other parts of the spacecraft or outside on a mission. Such a centrifuge had been suggested as an additional module for the International Space Station to test the technology, but unfortunately that now seems to be on hold due to budgetary reasons.On the subject of money, Nautilus-X carries with it a rather unbeatable price tag. The brains behind the project estimate it would cost around$3.7 billion, not even twice the price of NASA’s Curiosity rover, while development could be completed in just over five years. Such figures are attractive, especially for themoney-conscious top dogs at NASA, so there is a chance that after further research this spacecraft may come to fruition.63.According to the passage, which of the following is true about Nautilus-X?A.It has been in use for some time.B.It will provide itself with power.C.It travels between the earth and Mars.D.It can stay in space for no more than a year.64.According to the passage, what can be learned about“centrifuge”(in paragraph5)?A.It has already been installed in the International Space Station.B.It is a good place where astronauts can take physical exercise.C,It has cost a large sum of money to build.D.It will give astronauts man-made gravity.65.According to the passage, it can be inferred that_______.A.some proposals of manned missions into deep space are not worth looking atB.astronauts who go to Nautilus-X needn’t bring any supplies with themC.Nautilus-X is designed to land on the surface of Mars one dayD.NASA doesn’t care about the development costs of spacecraft66.The passage is mainly about_____.A.a space explorationB.NASA engineersC.a spacecraftD.NASA’s concernsSection CDirections： Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Fancy an evening at the theatre but can’t face sitting there for hours? Theatre companies will happily stream performances live. ___67___ No worries. Many mainstream bands allow their concerts to be streamed free of charge. Now galleries are getting in on the act too, enabling sofa-bound art lovers to wander around the world’s greatest art institutions. But is it really the same as seeing paintings in person? I decided to find out.I head to the Uffizi in Florence, where I am immediately deposited in front of Botticelli’s fifteenth-century Birth of Venus. In technological terms, it’s very impressive. I can see every bump and line in the surface of the paint. If I were therein person, I would need one magnifying glass to view it like this. ___68___Admission is free and there aren’t any queues. Plus, you won’t have to listen to fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of the paintings.___69___High-resolution （高像素） pictures can’t accurately transmit the scale or colour or atmosphere of a painting or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it. My enduring thought, while wandering around the Uffizi online, is how much nicer it would be if I were actually in Florence.Art in almost all its forms is meant to be a shared experience. It is also a ritual, one that is about so much more than the cultural event itself. Often the pleasure is as much in the expectation as the execution. Remove the build-up, the temping bit where you imagine how it will be, and you take away a vital part of the experience.Lying on the sofa, with computers, phones and remote controls all within easy reach, is what I love. But when it comes to art appreciation, even someone as lazy as me can recognize the basic requirement to leave the house. ___70___ Yes, you can cut out the sweat and the aching legs. By staying at home, you can take in the finest views. But it’s just not the same if you can’t feel the sun on your face. Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. There’s a lot to be said for viewing art this wayB. But as the show goes on my attention starts to drift and I wander off to make a cup of teaC. But it’s no substitute for the real thingD. Want to see a live concert but put off by the high ticket prices?E. Essentially it’s a bit like watching holiday on TVF. Filmed concerts invariably struggle to convey the tension of live performance.Fancy an evening at the theatre but can’t face sitting there for hours? Theatre companies will happily stream performances live. ______________67_________________No worries. Many mainstream bands allow their concerts to be stream as seeing painting in person? I decided to find out.I head to the Uffizi in Florence, where I am immediately deposited in front of Botticelli’s fifteenth-century Birth of Venus. In technological terms, it’s very impressive. I can see every bump and line in the surface of the paint. If I were there in person, I would need one magnifying glass to view it like this.____________ 68_______________Admission is free and there aren’t any queues. Plus, you won’t have to listen to fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of the paintings.____________69___________________High-resolution(高像素) pictures can’t accurately transmit the scale or color or atmosphere of a painting or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it. My enduring thought, while wandering around the Uffizi online, is how much nicer it would be if I were actually in Florence.Art in almost all in its forms is meant to be a shared experience. It is a ritual, one that is about so much more than the cultural event itself. Often the pleasure is as much in the expectation as the execution. Remove the build-up, the tempting bit where you image how it will be, and you take away a vital part of the experience.Lying on the sofa, with computer, phones and remote controls all within easy reach, is what I love. But when it comes to art appreciation, even someone as lazy as me can recognize the basic requirement to leave the house. _________________ 70___________________Yes, you can cut out the sweat and the aching legs. By staying at home, you can take in the finest views. But it’s just not the same if you can’t feel the sun on your face.Ⅳ.Summary WritingHarmful Effects of Video GamesIt is no exaggeration to say that the rate to violence and aggression amongchildren and teenagers is on the rise. But instead of just complaining about this problem, it is important to try to find the causes and address them.Entertainment media---TV, video games, movies–seem to be one cause. In particular video games, first introduced in1970, have taken over the world of child entertainment and have become a subject of considerable research, including a number of detailed questionnaires, for their role in influencing child behavior and psychology.There is mounting evidence that video games can have greater negative effects on children than TV and movies. As video games are more engaging in nature, children usually actively participate in these games and also identity themselves with the aggressor. Besides, video games often contain scenes of incredible violence, which further puts children at risk of developing aggressive thoughts and behavior.Violence and aggression described in video games, if practiced in the real world, can cause serious injury and even death. It is believed that excessive video game playing may reduce a child’s sensitiveness to others. Besides, excessive gaming can have a bad impact on the academic performance of a child. It can also result in social isolation, as children tend to spend more time playing games in silence and less time conversing with family members and friends.Finally, spending large chunks of time playing on computers and game can significantly reduce physical activity in children and teenagers, thereby increasing the risk of obesity. Besides obesity, other health related issues associated with playing video games include video-induced seizures, muscular and skeletal disorders, and nerve damage.V. Translation72.北京的秋天很美，除了那些雾霾天。