【全国市级联考word】安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试英语(A)试题(有答案)
2018届安徽省芜湖市高三上学期期末考试(一模)理科综合试题 PDF版
由(v2- v1)t = L (2 分) 得:v0t=L t=0.25s (2 分) 25.(1)如图所示,设粒子在电场中运动的时间为 t,则有: x=v0t=2h (1 分) Eq 2 y= t = 3h (1 分) 2m 联立以上各式可得 E
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2M M-m v0 , v2= v0 (或 v2- v1 = v0 ) (1 分) M+m M+m
(2)若 SO2 过量,溶液显酸性,产物会分解(2 分) (3)溶液由无色变蓝色,半分钟不褪色(2 分) (4)18.20(1 分) 99.20%(2 分) (5)过滤,用蒸馏水洗涤沉淀,向沉淀中加入足量稀盐酸,若沉淀未完全溶解,并有刺激 性气味的气体产生(3 分) 27. (15 分) (1)加酸溶解(1 分) 2Fe2+ + H2O2 + 2H+ ═= 2Fe3++ 2H2O(2 分) 促进铁离子水解沉淀完全(2 分) ( 2) 有沉淀生成。 当 c(Ca2+) = 1×10-5 mol·L-1 时, 溶液中 c(F-) = 5×10-4 mol·L-1, Qc (MgF2) 。 (2 分) =0.02 mol·L-1×(5×10-4 mol·L-1)2>Ksp(MgF2) (3)CO、CO2(2 分) (4)ClO + 2Ni(OH)2 ═= Cl + Ni2O3 + 2H2O(2 分)
2017—2018学年度上学期高一期末考试
2017—2018学年度上学期高一期末考试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
What’s the man?A.A taxi driver.B. A hotel waiter.C. A traffic policeman.Where is the man’s brother now?A. In London.B. In New York.C. In Sydney.What did Grace think of the town?She liked it in winter.She liked it all year round.She liked it most of the time.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Doctor and pati ent.B. Husband and wife.C. Mother and son.How will the woman go downtown?A. By taxi.B. By car.C. By bus.第二节:(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
在听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
请听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
How long has the woman had the sleeping problem?A. About two mont hs.B. About two weeks.C. About ten days.What does the man suggest the woman do? Drink milk before going to sleep.Slow down and have a vacation.Do more exercise every day.请听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
2017—2018学年度第一学期高一期末考试物理联考试题(含答案)
2017—2018学年度第一学期高一期末考试物理联考试卷(精品)新课标必修一本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分。
考试时间90分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前将学校、姓名、准考号填写清楚。
2.选择题的每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把机读卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
其它小题用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案写在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分共48分)一、单项选择题(本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项正确。
) 1、下列说法中正确的是 ( )A .惯性是只有物体在匀速直线运动或静止时才表现出来的性质B .物体的惯性与物体的运动状态有关,速度大的物体惯性大C .静止的物体不易被推动,说明物体在静止时的惯性比在运动时的惯性大D .惯性是物体的固有属性,与运动状态和是否受力无关 2、下列关于超重与失重的说法中,正确的是( ) A .在升降机内和升降机一起减速上升的人处于失重状态 B .悬挂在单杠上处于静止状态的运动员处于失重状态 C .完全失重就是物体不受重力作用 D .背着书包的同学处于超重状态3、月球上没有空气,若宇航员在月球上将一石块从某高度由静止释放,下列图象中能正确描述石块运动情况的是4、质量为M 的人站在地面上,用绳通过定滑轮将质量为m 的重物从高处放下,A B C D如右图所示,若重物以加速度a 向下降落(a <g ),则人对地面的压力大小为( ) A.(m +M )g -ma B 、M (g -a )-ma 网] C.(M -m )g +maD.Mg -ma5、 某质点做直线运动的v-t 图象如图所示,设初速度方向为正方向,由图可知 A .4s 末至6s 末速度方向为负 B .6s 内运动方向始终不变 C .前2s 内静止D .质点在加速过程中的加速度比减速过程中的加速度小 6、一物体从H 高处自由下落,经t 时间落地.则当它下落21t 时间所下落的高度为 ( )A .H 21B .H 43C .H 41D .H 23 7、如图所示,拖拉机拉着耙耕地,拉力F 与水平方向成α角,若将该力沿水平和竖直方向分解,则它的水平分力为 A .F sin α B .F cos α C .F tan α D .F cot α二、多项选择题:本题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分.每小题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,错选或不答的得0分. 8、下面关于加速度的描述中正确的有A .加速度描述了物体速度变化的多少B .加速度就是速度的变化率C .当加速度减小时,速度有可能增大D .当加速度不变时,速度的大小有可能变,方向可能也变9、一物体做匀变速直线运动,某时刻速度的大小为4m/s ,1s后速度的大小变为10m/s ,在这1s 内该物体的A .位移的大小可能小于4 mB .位移的大小可能大于10 mC .加速度的大小可能等于4 m/s 2D .加速度的大小可能大于10m/s 2 10、 如图,轻绳的一端系在质量为m 的物体上,别一端系在一个圆环上,圆环套在粗糙的水平横杆MN 上,现用水平力F 拉绳上一点,使物体处在图中实线位置,然后改变F 的大小,使其缓慢下降到图中虚线位置,圆环仍在原来位置不动,则在这一过程中,水平力F 、环与横杆的摩擦力f 和环对杆的压力N 的变化情况是( )A .F 逐渐增大,f 保持不变,N 逐渐增大B .F 逐渐增大,f 逐渐增大,N 保持不变C .F 逐渐减小,f 逐渐增大,N 逐渐减小D .F 逐渐减小,f 逐渐减小,N 保持不变11、如图所示,水平放置的白色的传送带以速度v=6m/s向右匀速运行,现将一小煤块轻轻地放在传送带A 端,物体与传送带间的动摩擦因数μ=0.1,若A 端与B 端相距30m ,则(g =10m /s 2)A .小煤块先作匀加速直线运动,后作匀速直线运动B .小煤块一直作匀加速直线运动C .全过程中,小煤块先受到向右的滑动摩擦力,后不受摩擦力作用D .全过程中,小煤块先受到向右的滑动摩擦力,后受到向右的静摩擦力作用 12、如图所示,轻弹簧下端固定在水平面上。
2017-2018学年安徽省芜湖市高一上学期期末考试历史试题(PDF版)
芜湖市2017-2018学年度第一学期高一历史模块学习考试历史(必修1)参考答案一、单项选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,总计50分。
每小题所列出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)题号12345678910111213答案A D C B C D C D C B B C B 题号141516171819202122232425答案C A D B D B C C D C B C二、非选择题:(共3题,第26题18分,第27题15分,第28题17分,共50分。
)26.(1)小国寡民,人民彼此熟悉;奴隶制工商业发达;氏族贵族势力相对软弱、民主力量结盟势力较强。
(4分,任答2点)(2)君主立宪制;创立责任内阁制;进行1832年议会改革。
(6分)(3)建立联邦政府,中央集权与地方分权相结合;实行三权分立原则,权力相互制衡。
(4分)(4)雅典:古代奴隶制直接民主;英美:近代资本主义民主政治的开拓者(具有原创性、领先性)。
(4分)27.(1)1931年九一八事变,日本发动局部侵华战争,逐步发展为全面侵华战争。
到1045年结束,共14年。
(2分)(2)含义:国共合作,建立抗日民族统一战线.战役:正面:台儿庄战役等;敌后:百团大战。
(4分)(3)时代内涵:牢记历史,维护和平。
意义:近代中国人民第一次反抗外来侵略斗争的完全胜利;大大增强民族自尊心和自信心;是世界反法西斯战争的东方主战场,为世界反法西斯战争的胜利作出重大贡献;提高了中国的国际地位。
(9分)28.(1)由屈辱外交到独立自主的和平外交。
方针:“另起炉灶”;“打扫干净屋子再请客”;“一边倒”。
(5分)(2)中国综合国力增强;日内瓦会议、万隆会议扩大了中国的影响,中国国际地位不断提高;中国积极支持亚非拉民族解放运动,不断发展与第三世界的关系;发展中国家不断加入联合国,支持中国;美国对联合国的操控力逐渐削弱。
(6分,任答3点)(3)1971年中国恢复联合国合法席位;1972年尼克松访华,《中美联合公报》发表,中美关系开始走向正常化,1979年中美建交;1972年中日建交。
安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试数学(A)试题Word版含解析
安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试数 学(A )注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷(选择题)一、单选题1.设全集是实数集,,,则图中阴影部分所表示的集合是( )A.B.C.D.2.已知,则等于( )A.B.C.D.3.点P 从()1,0出发,弧长到达Q 点,则Q 点的坐标为( )A.B.C.D. 4.将函数()sin 2y x ϕ=+的图象沿x 轴向左平移8π个单位后,得到一个偶函数的图象,则ϕ的一个可能取值为( )A. 34πB. 4π C. 0 D. 4π-5.某购物网站在2017年11月开展“全部6折”促销活动,在11日当天购物还可以再享受“每张订单金额(6折后〕满300元时可减免100元”.小淘在11日当天欲购入原价48元(单价)的商品共42件,为使花钱总数最少,他最少需要下的订单张数为( )A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 46.单位圆O 中一条弦AB 长为则·AB OB =( )A. 1B.C. 2D. 无法确定7.已知,,,则( )A.B.C.D.8.在正方形ABCD 中,点E 是DC 的中点,点F 是BC 上靠近B 的三等分点. 若EF mAB nAD =+,则23m n -=( )A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4 9.已知cos sin 6a a π⎛⎫-+= ⎪⎝⎭,则7sin 6a π⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的值为( ) A.12B. C. 45- D. 12- 10.2cos 04442x x m π--≥对于,33x ππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦恒成立,则实数m 的取值范围是( )A. ,-∞(B. ,⎛-∞ ⎝⎦C. ⎣D. )∞ 11.下列4个函数中: ①20171y x =-;(0a >且1a ≠);(0a >且1a ≠) 其中既不是奇函数,又不是偶函数的是( ) A. ① B. ②③ C. ①③ D. ①④12.定义在R 上的函数若关于x 的方程()()210f x mf x m ⎡⎤-+-=⎣⎦ (其中2m >)有n 个不同的实根1x ,2x ,…, n x ,则()12n f x x x ++=( )此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号卷二、填空题13.集合{}|20M x Nx =∈-≤≤的子集个数为__________. 14的值域是 .15__________.16.电流强度(安)随时间秒变化的函数的图象如下图所示,则当,秒时,电流强度是__________.17.已知向量,,若向量与的夹角为钝角,则的取值范围为______.三、解答题18.求值: 19.已知集合{}2|320,A x R ax x a R =∈-+=∈.(1)若A 是空集,求a 的取值范围;(2)若A 中只有一个元素,求a 的值,并把这个元素写出来.20.已知锐角αβ,满足()tan sin2αββ-=,求证: tan tan 2tan2αββ+=.21(1)求sin α的值; (2)求β的值.22.在已知函数,(其中,,)的图象与轴的交点中,相邻两个交点之间的距离为,且图象上一个最低点为)求的解析式;(2)当时,求的值域;(3)求在上的单调区间.23.若非零函数对任意实数,均有,且当时,;(1)求证;(2)求证为减函数;(3)当时,解不等式.安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试数 学 (A )答 案1.C 【解析】或,由韦恩图知阴影部分表示的集合为,又,,故选C.2.A 【解析】令,又,即,故选A. 3.C【解析】点P 从()1,0出发,Q 点,C. 4.B【解析】试题分析:由题意得sin 2sin 284y x x ππϕϕ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭关于y 轴对称,所以()(),,424k k Z k k Z πππϕπϕπ+=+∈=+∈ ϕ的一个可能取值为4π,选B. 考点:三角函数图像变换 【思路点睛】三角函数的图象变换,提倡“先平移,后伸缩”,但“先伸缩,后平移”也常出现在题目中,所以也必须熟练掌握.无论是哪种变形,切记每一个变换总是对字母x 而言. 函数y =Asin(ωx +φ),x ∈R 是奇函数⇔φ=kπ(k ∈Z);函数y =Asin(ωx +φ),x ∈R 是偶函数⇔φ=kπ+(k ∈Z);函数y =Acos(ωx +φ),x ∈R 是奇函数⇔φ=kπ+(k ∈Z);函数y =Acos(ωx +φ),x ∈R 是偶函数⇔φ=kπ(k ∈Z); 5.C【解析】试题分析:为使花钱总数最少,需使每张订单满足“每张订单金额(6折后)满300元时可减免100元”,即每张订单金额不少于500.因此每张订单至少11件,所以最少需要下的订单张数为3张,最多下的订单张数为4张.当下的订单张数为3张时,所需钱数为()48420.6300909.6⨯⨯-=元,而下的订单张数为4张时(购入44件),所需钱数为()48440.6400867.2⨯⨯-=元.由于条件限制不许多买,所以选C. 考点:函数实际应用 6.A【解析】单位圆O 中一条弦AB 长为则222+,OA OB AB OAB =∆ 是等腰直角三角形,所以AB 与OB 成的角为, 2·21AB OB=⨯=,故选 A. 7.D 【解析】,即,,即,,故选D.【 方法点睛】本题主要考查指数函数的性质、对数函数的单调性及比较大小问题,属于难题.解答比较大小问题,常见思路有两个:一是判断出各个数值所在区间(一般是看三个区间);二是利用函数的单调性直接解答;数值比较多的比大小问题也可以两种方法综合应用.【解析】在正方形ABCD 中,点E 是DC 的三等分点,故1212EF EC CF AB CB AB AD =+=+=-, 故选C. 9.C【解析】由题意可得:3cos sin cos sin 62265ππααααα⎛⎫⎛⎫-+=+=+=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 则:74sin sin 665ππαα⎛⎫⎛⎫+=-+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭. 本题选择C 选项.10.B【解析】试题分析:因为21cos2cos 44422222xx x x x+-=-=23x π⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭,所以原不等式等价于min 23x m π⎤⎛⎫≤+⎪⎥⎝⎭⎦在,33x ππ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦恒成立.因为6232x πππ≤+≤23x π⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭∈⎣,所以m ≤,故选B . 考点:1、倍角公式;2、两角和的正弦公式;3、正弦函数的性质.【方法点睛】解决恒成立问题的关键是将其进行等价转化,使之转化为函数的最值问题,或者区间上的最值问题,使问题得到解决.具体转化思路为:若不等式()f x A >在区间D 上恒成立,则等价于在区间D 上()f x 的最小值大于A ;若不等式()f x B <在区间D 上恒成立,则等价于在区间D 上()f x 最大值小于B . 11.C【解析】其中①不过原点,不可能为奇函数,直线20171y x =-不关于y 轴对称,所以函数不是偶函数,①符合题意;②由得20072007x -<<,则则()()f x f x-=-,即函数()f x是奇函数,②不合题意;③中定义域不关于原点对称,则即不是奇函数,又不是偶函数,③符合题意;④,则,则()f x为偶函数,④不合题意,故选C.【方法点睛】本题主要考查函数的奇偶性,属于中档题.判断函数的奇偶性首先要看函数的定义域是否关于原点对称,如果不对称,既不是奇函数又不是偶函数,如果对称常见方法有:(1)直接法,()()f x f x-=±(正为偶函数,负为减函数);(2)和差法,()()=0f x f x-±(和为零奇函数,差为零偶函数);(3)作商法,(1为偶函数,1-为奇函数)12.C的图象,如图,由图可知函数()f x的图象关于,xe=对称,解方程方程()()210f x mf x m⎡⎤-+-=⎣⎦,得()1f x=或()1f x m=-,()1f x=时有三个根,132=2,x x e x e+=,()1f x m=-时有两个根452x x e+=,所以关于x的方程()()210f x mf x m⎡⎤-+-=⎣⎦共有五个根,123x x x+++455x x e+=,)(5x f+=故选C.【方法点睛】本题主要考查函数的图象与性质以及函数与方程思想、数形结合思想的应用,属于难题. 数形结合是根据数量与图形之间的对应关系,通过数与形的相互转化来解决数学问题的一种重要思想方法,.函数图象是函数的一种表达形式,它形象地揭示了函数的性质,为研究函数的数量关系提供了“形”的直观性.归纳起来,图象的应用常见的命题探究角度有:1、确定方程根的个数;2、求参数的取值范围;3、求不等式的解集;4、研究函数性质.13.2【解析】因为集合{}{}|200M x N x=∈-≤≤=,所以集合M子集有两个:空集与{}0,故答案为2.14【解析】,所以()1g x≠-,所以函数考点:函数的值域.15.4【解析】故当时,函数()f x 取得最小值为4,故答案为4.16.-5(安)【解析】由图象可知,函数,为五点中的第二点,,,,当秒时,安,故答案为(安).【方法点睛】本题主要通过已知三角函数的图象求解析式考查三角函数的性质,属于中档题.利用最值求出,利用图象先求出周期,用周期公式求出,利用特殊点求出,正确求是解题的关键.求解析时求参数是确定函数解析式的关键,由特殊点求时,一定要分清特殊点是“五点法”的第几个点,用五点法求值时,往往以寻找“五点法”中的第一个点为突破口,“第一点”(即图象上升时与轴的交点) 时;“第二点”(即图象的“峰点”) 时;“第三点”(即图象下降时与轴的交点) 时;“第四点”(即图象的“谷点”) 时;“第五点”时.17.【解析】向量与的夹角为钝角,,向量,,,解得,当向量与的夹角是时,也满足,此时不满足夹角为钝角,设,则有,解得的取值范围是,故答案为.18.-7【解析】试题分析:直接根据对数的运算法则,化简求解即可得到()5l o g9523333333332l o g2l o g2l o g3l o g252l o g25l o g22l o g33l o g--+-=-++-=-.试题解析:原式()5log952333332log2log2log3log25=--+-33332log25log22log33log29=-++-297=-=-.19.(12)0a=时,【解析】试题分析:(1)有由A是空集,可得方程2320ax x-+=无解,故980a∆=-<,由此解得a的取值范围;(2)若A中只有一个元素,则0a=或980a∆=-=,求出a的值,再把a的值代入方程2320ax x-+=,解得x的值,即为所求.试题解析:(1)要使A为空集,方程应无实根,应满足0,{0.a≠∆<解得(2)当0a=时,方程为一次方程,当0a≠,方程为一元二次方程,使集合A只有一个元素的条件是0∆=,∴0a=时,20.见解析【解析】试题分析:由推导出t a nt a n后能够证明tan tan2tan2αββ+=.试题解析:证明:因为()tan sin2αββ-=,整理得:21.(1(2【解析】试题分析:(1)根据已知条件首先求得tanα的值,再根据同角三角函数的基本关系建立关于sinα,cosα的方程组,即可求解;(2)结合题意,考虑到()βαβα=+-,故可利用两角和的正弦公式,计算sinβ的值,即可求解.试题解析:(1;(2)由(1又∵,∴(0,)βαπ-∈,∴考点:1.同角三角函数基本关系;2.三角恒等变形.22.(1)(2)(3)在上单调递增,在上单调递减【解析】试题分析:(1)根据最低点纵坐标可求得;由轴上相邻的两个交点之间的距离可求得函数周期,从而可得的值;进而把点代入即可求得,把代入即可得到函数的解析式;(2)根据的范围进而可确定当的范围,根据正弦函数的单调性可求得函数的最大值和最小值,从而可确定函数的值域(3)由,得,从而可得在上单调递增,结合该函数的最小正周期,可得在上单调递减.试题解析:()由最低点为得.由轴上相邻两个交点之间的距离为,得,即,∴.由点在图象上得,即,故,∴又,∴.故.(2)∵,∴当,即时,取得最大值2;当,即时,取得最小值-1,故的值域为.(3)由的单调性知,即时,单调递增,所以在上单调递增,结合该函数的最小正周期,在上单调递减.23.(1)见解析(2)见解析(3)【解析】试题分析:(1),又∵,∴.;(2)设,根据,由(1)得,结论得证;(3)计算,原不等式转化为,结合(2)得:,可得. 试题解析:(1),又∵,∴.(2)设,则,又∵为非零函数∴,由(1)得,∴为减函数.(3)解:由,,得.原不等式转化为,结合(2)得:,∴,故不等式的解集为.【方法点睛】本题主要考查函数函数单调性的证明与应用,属于中档题.利用定义法判断函数的单调性的一般步骤是:(1)在已知区间上任取;(2)作差;(3)判断的符号(往往先分解因式,再判断各因式的符号),可得在已知区间上是增函数,可得在已知区间上是减函数.。
2017-2018学年安徽省芜湖市高一上学期期末考试政治试题( PDF版)
芜湖市2017-2018学年度第一学期期末评价高一年级经济生活参考答案一、选择题(50分)12345678910111213B D D A B B D B B D D B D 141516171819202122232425C CD D B D B C A B D B二、非选择题(50分)26.(12分)(1)①居民收入是影响消费的主要因素,收入是消费的基础和前提。
②该村积极发展集体经济,增加了村民的当前可支配收入,消费水平不断提高。
③居民消费水平受未来收入预期的影响,养老、医疗等社会保障减少了村民消费的后顾之忧。
(每点2分)(2)①要量入为出、适度消费,不能为了撑面子而举债消费。
②要避免盲从、理性消费,根据自己的实际需要购买商品,不能盲目跟风攀比;要坚持精神消费与物质消费相协调。
③要勤俭节约,艰苦奋斗,反对铺张浪费。
(每点2分)27.(12分)①企业要制定正确的经营战略。
华为以客户需求为导向,市场定位准确;实施全球化战略,顺应时代潮流,推动企业迅速发展。
②企业要提高自主创新能力,依靠技术进步、科学管理等手段,形成自己的竞争优势。
华为成功的关键在于积极培育全球化的研发团队,重视人才、技术与管理创新。
③企业要诚信经营,树立良好的信誉和企业形象。
华为以高质量的产品和高品位的服务体系,树立了良好的企业形象,赢得了市场,获得了丰厚回报。
(每点4分)28.(16分)(1)反映了我国劳动力资源丰富,且逐年增加;国家创造了大量的就业机会;但总体就业形势严峻,劳动力资源总量供过于求。
(每点2分)(2)政府:①面对全国高校毕业生人数多,就业压力大,就业信息不畅通等问题,政府需要从人民群众的根本利益出发,实施就业优先战略和积极的就业政策,千方百计地扩大就业。
贯彻劳动者自主就业,市场调节就业,政府促进就业和鼓励创业的方针;②针对制约大学生就业的能力因素,要求政府加强职业技能培训,提升劳动者就业创业能力,增强就业稳定性。
安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分15分)I. 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷相应位置。
听完每段对话,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happened to Annie?A. She hurt her arm.B. She hurt her leg.C. She hurt her head.2. How does the woman feel about the new house?A. Excited.B. Satisfied.C. Workmates.3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Schoolmates.C. Workmates.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Placing the TV.B. Buying a TV.C. Watching TV.5. How does the woman want to get to the bank?A. On foot.B. By car.C. By bus.第二节(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)听下面3段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。
6. What is the best way to learn English in the man’s opinion?A. To travel to foreign countries.B. To go to English-speaking countries.C. To study in a language school.7. Where did Li Lei stay for his first two moths in Britain?A. In a local familyB. In a hotelC. In the language school8. What did Li Lei learn in Britain except English?A. CookingB. DressingC. Acting听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。
2017-2018学年度安徽省芜湖市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试试题第一学期期末考试高一英语(含听力)
安徽省芜湖市2017~2018学年度第一学期期末考试〃高一英语试题卷〃(考试范围:北师大版必修一、必修二)注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上;2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试题卷上无效;3.考试结束后,将试题卷和答题卷。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What was Mark doing on the street?A. Going on a date.B. Going shopping.C. Looking for his girlfriend.2.What will the woman do this afternoon?A. Play tennis.B. Walk her dog.C. Take a walk.3.What is Joe better at than Carol?A. Drawing.B. Writing.C. Communicating.4.When does the movie suggested by the woman begin?A. At 10:00 pm.B. At 9:00 pm.C. At 8:30 pm.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. When Fred is going camping.B. Why Fred wants a sleeping bag.C. What a sleeping bag can be used for.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
最新-安徽省芜湖市2018学年高一上学期期末联考物理试
芜湖市2018—2018学年度第一学期期末高一年级三校联考物理试题卷一选择题(每小题只有一个选项正确,每小题4分,共48分)1.人在沼泽地赤脚行走时,容易下陷,下陷时,下列说法中正确的是( )A.此人对沼泽地地面的压力大于沼泽地地面对他的支持力B.此人对沼泽地地面的压力等于沼泽地地面对他的支持力C.此人对沼泽地地面的压力小于沼泽地地面对他的支持力D.无法确定2. 如图所示,运动员站在水平跳台上,图中F1表示人对跳台的压力,F2表示跳台对人的支持力,则下列说法中正确的是( )A.F1就是人的重力B.F1是由于跳台的形变而产生的C.F2是由于跳台的形变而产生的D.F1和F2大小相等,方向相反,是一对平衡力4.如图给出的是物体的运动图象,纵坐标v表示速度,横坐标t表示时间,其中哪一个在现实生活中是不可能存在的( )5. a、b两物体从同一位置沿同一直线运动,它们的速度图象如图所示,下列说法正确的是( )A.a、b加速时,物体a的加速度大于物体b的加速度B.20秒时,a、b两物体相距最远C.60秒时,物体a在物体b的前方D.40秒时,a、b两物体速度相等,相距200 m6.如图所示,四个完全相同的弹簧都处于水平位置,它们的右端受到大小皆为F的拉力作用,而左端的情况各不相同:①中弹簧的左端固定在墙上;②中弹簧的左端受大小也为F的拉力作用;③中弹簧的左端拴一小物块,物块在光滑的桌面上滑动;④中弹簧的左端拴一小物块,物块在有摩擦的桌面上滑动.若认为弹簧的质量都为零,以l1、l2、l3、l4依次表示四个弹簧的伸长量,则有( )A.l2>l1B.l4>l3C.l1>l3D.l2=l47. 如图所示,A、B两物体的质量分别为m A、m B,且m A>m B,整个系统处于静止状态,滑轮的质量和一切摩擦均不计,如果绳一端由Q点缓慢地向左移到P点,整个系统重新平衡后,物体A的高度和两滑轮间绳与水平方向的夹角θ变化情况是( )A.物体A的高度升高,θ角变大B.物体A的高度降低,θ角变小C.物体A的高度升高,θ角不变D.物体A的高度不变,θ角变小8.静止在光滑水平面上的物体,在水平推力F作用下开始运动,推力随时间变化的规律如图所示,关于物体在0~t1时间内的运动情况,正确的描述是( )A.物体先做匀加速运动,后做匀减速运动B.物体的速度一直增大C.物体的速度先增大后减小D.物体的加速度一直增大9. 如图所示,物块A放在倾斜的木板上,木板的倾角α为30°和45°时物块所受摩擦力的大小恰好相等,则物块和木板间的动摩擦因数为( )A. 1/2B. 2/2C. 3/2D. 5/210.如图所示,把球夹在竖直墙面AC和木板BC之间,不计摩擦.设球对墙的压力为F N1,球对板的压力为F N2,在将板BC逐渐放至水平的过程中,下列说法中正确的是( )A .F N 1增大,F N 2减小B .F N 1减小,F N 2增大C .F N 1增大,F N 2增大D .F N 1减小,F N 2减小A.33mg ,233mg B. mg ,12mgC. 233mg ,33mgD. 12mg ,mg二,实验题(13题6分.14题8分共14分)13.在“探究求合力的方法”的实验中,需要将橡皮条的一端固定在水平木板上,另一端系上两根细绳,细绳的另一端都有绳套(如图).实验中需用两个弹簧秤分别勾住绳套,并互成角度地拉橡皮条,使橡皮条伸长,结点到达某一位置O .(1)某同学在做该实验时认为:A.拉橡皮条的绳细一些且长一些,实验效果较好B.拉橡皮条时,弹簧秤、橡皮条、细绳应贴近木板且与木板平面平行C.实验中,先将其中一个弹簧秤沿某一方向拉到最大量程,然后只需调节另一个弹簧秤拉力的大小和方向,把橡皮条另一端拉到O点D.拉力F1和F2的夹角越大越好其中正确的是 _______(填入相应的字母).(2)若两个弹簧秤的读数分为 3 N、4 N,且两弹簧秤拉力方向的夹角为锐角,则________(选填“能”或“不能”)用一个量程为5N的弹簧秤测量出它们的合力,理由________________________.14.光电计时器是一种研究物体运动情况的常见仪器.当有物体从光电门通过时,光电计时器就可以显示物体的挡光时间.现利用如图甲所示装置探究物体的加速度与合外力、质量关系,其NQ是水平桌面,PQ是一端带有滑轮的长木板,1、2是固定在木板上的两个光电门(与之连接的两个光电计时器没有画出).小车上固定着用于挡光的窄片K,测得其宽度为d,让小车从木板的顶端滑下,光电门各自连接的计时器显示窄片K的挡光时间分别为t1和t2.(1)该实验中,在改变小车的质量M或沙桶的总质量m时,保持M≫m,这样做的目的是________________________________________________________________________(2)为了计算出小车的加速度,除了测量d、t1和t2之外,还需要测量________,若上述测量量用x表示,则用这些物理量计算加速度的表达式为a=________;(3)某位同学经过测量、计算得到数据后作出小车加速度与所受合外力的关系图象.如下:由图象可以看出,该实验存着较大的误差,产生误差的主要原因是:________________________________________________________________________ 三,计算题(请将计算与论述过程在试卷的答题卷上书写完整,第15题8分, 第16题8分,第17题10分,第18题12分)15.A、B两列火车,在同轨道上同向行驶,A车在前,其速度v A=10 m/s,B车在后,其速度v B=30 m/s.因大雾能见度低,B车在距A车700 m时才发现前方有A车,这时B车立即刹车,但B车要经过1800 m才能停止.问A车若按原速度前进,两车是否会相撞?说明理由..16.在2018年奥运会上,一个质量为60kg的运动员,从离水平网面3.2m高处自由下落,着网后沿竖直方向蹦回到离水平网面5.0m高处.已知运动员与网接触的时间为1.2s.若把在这段时间内网对运动员的作用力当作恒力处理,求此力的大小.(g取10m/s2)17.如图所示,质量M=20 kg的木楔ABC静置于粗糙水平地面上,木楔与地面间的动摩擦因数μ=0.18.在木楔倾角θ=30°的斜面上,有一质量m=1.0 kg的物块由静止开始沿斜面下滑.当物块滑行的距离x=2.8 m时,它的速度v=2.8 m/s,在这一过程中木楔没有动,重力加速度取g=10 m/s2.求:(1)地面对木楔的摩擦力的大小和方向.(2)地面对木楔的支持力的大小.18.如图所示,在倾角为θ=30°的固定斜面上,跨过定滑轮的轻绳一端系在小车的前端,另一端被坐在小车上的人拉住,已知人的质量为60kg ,小车的质量为10kg ,绳及滑轮的质量、滑轮与绳间的摩擦均不计,斜面对小车的摩擦阻力为人和小车总重力的0.1,取重力加速度g =10m/s 2,当人以280N 的力拉绳时,试求(斜面足够长):(1)人与车一起运动的加速度大小; (2)人所受静摩擦力的大小和方向;(3)某时刻人和车沿斜面向上的速度为3m/s ,此时人松手,则人和车一起滑到最高点所用时间为多少?芜湖市2018—2018学年度第一学期期末高一年级三校联考 物理答题卷一 选择题(每小题只有一个选项正确,每小题4分,共48分)二,实验题(第13题6分.第14题8分,共14分) 13. (1)________(填入相应的字母)(2) ________(选填“能”或“不能”) ________________________.14. (1)_______________________________________(2) ____________________________,a =_________________; (3) _______________________________________________________三,计算题(请将计算与论述过程在试卷的答题卷上书写完整,第15题8分, 第16题8分,第17题10分,第18题12分)15.(8分)姓 考 场 序 号密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题16.(8分)17.(10分)18.(12分)。
(完整word版)2017-2018高一数学上学期期末考试试题及答案,推荐文档
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2017-2018学年安徽省芜湖市高一(上)期末英语试卷-教师用卷
2017-2018学年安徽省芜湖市高一(上)期末英语试卷副标题一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AWhen thinking about quitting(停止)smoking…List all the reasons why you want to quit.Every night before going to bed,repeat one of the reasons 10times.Decide positively that you want to quit.Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be.Develop strong personal reasons as well as your health and responsibility to others.For example,think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks,rushing out to buy a pack,hunting a light,etc.Set a date for quitting-perhaps a special day like your birthday,a holiday.If you smoke heavily at work,quit during your vacation.Make the date holy seriously,and don't let anything change it.Begin to condition yourself physically;start a modest(适当的)exercise;drink more water;get plenty of rest.Immediately after quitting…The first few days after you quit,spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is prohibited,e.g.libraries,museums,theatres,department stores,etc.Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice.Try to avoid wine,coffee,and other drinks which remind you of cigarette smoking.Strike up a conversation with someone instead of a match fora cigarette.If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your hand,play with something else-a pencil,a pen,a ruler.If you miss having something in your mouth,try a fake(仿制的)cigarette.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements is true?______A. Whenever you feel like a cigarette,try to forget it by sleeping.B. If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your mouth,play with a pen.C. Try to start a conversation before asking for a light.D. Every might before going to bed,repeat all the reasons 10 times.2.According to the passage,what does the underlined word "prohibited" mean?______A. forbiddenB. allowedC. receivedD. welcomed3.If the passage is in a newspaper,which section is it in?______A. SportsB. NewsC. CultureD. Health【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D【解析】21.C.推断题.由倒数第二段"Strike up a conversation with someone instead of a match for a cigarette." 可知,在借火开始抽烟之前应该先和对方交流,C项正确.22.A.词义猜测题.根据文章内容,The first few days after you quit,spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is prohibited,e.g. libraries,museums在你戒烟的前几天,应该尽量的去那种禁止吸烟的地方,比如图书馆、博物馆等.结合选项,故选A.23.D.推理题.根据文章内容,文章简述了关于戒烟的人该做什么和不该做什么,呼吁人们关注健康问题.由此推断应出现在报纸的健康专栏部分,故选A.文章简述了关于戒烟的人该做什么和不该做什么,呼吁人们关注健康问题.题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.BSome years ago on a hot summer day in south Florida a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house.In a hurry to dive into the cool water,he ran out of the back door,leaving behind shoes,socks and shirt as he went.He flew into the water,not realizing that as he swam toward the middle or the lake,an alligator(短嘴鳄)was getting close.The mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer together.In great fear,she ran toward the water,yelling to her son as loudly as she could.Hearing her voice,the little boy became alarmed and made a U-turn to swim to his mother.It was too late.Just as he reached her,the alligator reached him.From the dock,the mother grabbed her little boy by the arms just as the alligator snatched(抓住)his legs.That began an unbelievable tug-of-war(拔河比赛)between the two.The alligator was much stronger than the mother,but the mother was much too passionate to let go.A farmer happened to drive by,heard their screams;rushed from his truck,took aim and shot the alligator.Remarkably,after weeks and weeks in the hospital,the little boy survived.His legs were extremely scarred by the terrible attack of the animal.And on his arms,were deep scratches where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.The newspaper reporter,who interviewed the boy after the trauma(外伤),asked if he would show him his scars.The boy lifted the pant legs.And then,with obvious pride,he said to the reporter,"Look at my arms.I have great scars on my arms,too.I have them because my mum wouldn't let go."You and I can identify with(认同)that little boy.We have scars,too.Not from an alligator,but the scars of a painful past.Some of those scars are unsightly and have caused us deep regret.But,some wounds,my friends,are because we have refused to let go.4.The underlined part "the two" in the second paragraph refers to ______ .A. the son and the alligatorB. the mother and the sonC. the driver and the alligatorD. the alligator and the mother5.From the passage we can infer ______ .A. The mother was unwilling to let the alligator goB. The mother was actually stronger than the alligatorC. The son was proud of his scars on his armsD. The son was ashamed of his scars on his legs6.According to the last paragraph,what is the writer's real meaning?______A. To forget the past is to betray.B. We should forget the scars.C. Wounds are different from scars.D. We should learn to.let go sometimes.7.What type does the author develop the passage?______A. Comparison.B. Narration with comments.C. Classification.D. Analysis.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】ACDB24.A.考查细节理解.根据"He flew into the water,not realizing that as he swam toward the middle or the lake,an alligator(短嘴鳄)was getting close."可知,该处指的是儿子和鳄鱼.故选A.25.C.考查细节理解.根据"The boy lifted the pant legs.And then,with obvious pride,he said to the reporter"可知,儿子为自己的手臂上的伤疤感到自豪.故选C.26.D.考查细节理解.根据"Some of those scars are unsightly and have caused us deep regret.But,some wounds,my friends,are because we have refused to let go."可知,作者建议我们要学会释怀,已经发生的事情就不用一直懊悔了.故选D.27.B.考查主旨大意.根据文章内容可知,本文是一篇记叙文,其间夹杂着一些对人生的思考.故选B.本文是一篇记叙文,其间夹杂着一些对人生的思考.作者建议我们要学会释怀,已经发生的事情就不用一直懊悔了.阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.CNo one can believe that the over 6300-kilometer long Great Wall might disappear some day.Believe it or not,the Great Wall is being destroyed by people.Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect,but about 80 percent is in danger.The Great Wall can be called "great" mostly because of its amazing length.But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time.If we do nothing to save the Great Wall,it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2 000 years.It began in the rule of China's first emperor,Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221BC~206BC),and lasted into the Ming Dynasty.The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared.People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years.But those sections far away from the public eyes have been almost forgotten.Few local people knew the 3-meter-high walls made of earth and stones beside them are part of the Great Wall.The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses,sheep corral(畜栏)and pigsties(猪圈).Some were taken away to build roads.Bricks carved with people's names are put away as remembrance.Rubbish is spread over the battlements (城垛).The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load.Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name,but are not clear about its cultural meaning.It will take a long time to let them know this.The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but dug out the entire base.It is necessary to protect the Great Wall.First of all,the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall.Young Chinese should know more about the nation's great civilization(文明)and learn to love it.8.The main reason for which the Great Wall can be called"great"is ______ .A. it is made by brick.B. It is very wide.C. it is very long.D. it has a long.9.Why does the author say the Great Wall might disappear ______A. It is useless from now on.B. It will be replaced by a new one.C. Some parts of it are being destroyed.D. It's too old to be used again.10.The underlined part "those sections far away from the public eyes" refers to the parts ofthe Great Wall ______ .A. that are too difficult to understandB. nobody can watchC. that are too far to been seenD. that are not well known to the public11.What's the main reason of the Great Wall's being destroyed ______A. The local people are short of culture knowledge.B. The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.C. The local people think that the Great Wall is not important.D. The local people are against the government.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】A【解析】28.C.细节理解题.根据The Great Wall can be called"great"mostly because of its amazing length.可知,长城之所以被称作great是因为它的长度.故选C.29.C.细节理解题.根据No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day.Believe it or not,the Great Wall is being destroyed by people.可知作者说长城会消失是因为长城正在遭到破坏,慢慢的它可能就会消失,结合选项,故选C.30.D.细节理解题.根据People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu,because they have been open to tourists for many years.由此可以推出这部分长城没有向游人开放,故选D.31.A.细节理解题.根据The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.可知,由于人们对于古迹缺乏认识做了许多破坏性的事情.故选A.本文叙述了历史文化古迹--长城正在遭到破坏,由于人们对于古迹缺乏认识做了许多破坏性的事情,呼吁人们要保护好长城.题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.DFive years ago,I was sent to a better middle school.For me,everything there was new and strange.After I have been there for two months,there was an important test in the middle of the term.It covered all my courses.In that test,I didn't get a good grades,but most of my classmates got an A or A.It made me upset for a long time.I felt everything in the world was changing.I thought my classmates were all better than me.During those days I was very unhappy.One day,my aunt,after talking about what I had done in the past and what I should do in the future.I was shocked by her words.I thought about what I had done during the past months,and I found I had done nothing to improve my grades.I thought I should work harder.After that,I paid more attention to the teachers' talking in the classes,and I asked my teachers or my classmates when I didn't understand something.I studied very late at night when I met with difficult problems.Most of all,I came to understand the importance of taking notes in class.As a result,I did better in some tests.About three months later,the most important test came at the end of the term.This time,I stood out not only in my class but also in the grade.From then on,I have tried to do my best when I do something because I know if I want something,I should work hard for it.12.Why did the writer fall behind in the new middle school?______A. Because the teachers did not treat him well enough.B. Because the subjects were becoming more difficult.C. Because he hated the life in the new school.D. Because he didn't put his heart into study.13.What did the writer's aunt do to help him out?______A. She punished him for not working hard.B. She helped him find out the reasons for his poor performance.C. She forced him to work harder.D. She asked his teachers to talk with him about his problems.14.Which of the following learning methods helped the writer most?______A. Making notes in class.B. Working deep into the night every day.C. Asking teachers for help when in difficulty.D. Listening to every word his teachers said.15.What does the underlined sentence mean?______A. The writer failed again in the exam.B. The writer became the cleverest in the class.C. The writer did very well in the exam.D. The writer was very proud of his progress.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】C【解析】32.D.推理判断题.根据I was sent to a better middle school.For me,everything there was new and strange.可知,我到了一个更好的中学,对我来说一切都是新的,陌生的.故可推测出,作者不适应新的环境,没有把心投入到学习中,故选D.33.B.细节理解题.根据my aunt,after talking about what I had done in the past and what I should do in the future.I was shoc ked by her words.I thought about what I had done during the past months,and I found I had done nothing to improve my grades.I thought I should work harder.可知,我的阿姨跟我谈论了我过去的做法,帮我找到了表现很差的原因.故选B.34.A.细节理解题.根据Most of all,I came to understand the importance of taking notes in class.可知,上课做笔记帮助学习最多.故选A.35,C.句意理解题.根据上下文内容可知,此句This time,I stood out not only in my class but also in the grade.句意为,我不仅在班级上,在年级上成绩也突出.故可知作者在这次考试中成绩很好.故选C.本文是一篇人物故事类阅读,属于记叙文,主要讲述了五年前,作者到了一所新的中学,因为不适应新的环境,考试的成绩很差,阿姨帮他找到原因后,他开始努力学习,最终成绩提升的故事.考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)For many high school students,it seems that there is never enough time.There are several steps you can take to organize your time better.Make a to-do list every day.It makes it easy to plan any activities or meetings you may have in addition to homework.Be sure to set priorities (优先的事物).(1)Use spare time wisely.Do you have a study hall?Instead of wasting that time,read a book or do homework.(2) If a friend asks you to do something and you have homework to do,realize which is more important and see your friend later.Decide on the time that is good for you to do certain things.If you are more of a morning person,try getting up an hour earlier and do schoolwork before school.Review your notes every day.(3) If you spend a few minutes at the end of every day going over what you learned,it will mean less time studying when it is time for the exam.(4) Studies have shown that getting enough rest helps your memory.When you are tired,everything seems more difficult.It is best to stay on a regular sleeping cycle as much as possible.Tell your friends and family about your work timetable.Explain that you will be working at certain times and ask them not to disturb you.(5) you can call your friends later.A.Set goals for yourself.B.Get a good night's sleep.C.Do the most important tasks first.D.And also,do not be afraid to say "no".E.You should finish your homework on time.F.Don't wait until just before a test to remember everything.G.Don't take phone calls during the time you set aside or work.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】G 【小题4】B 【小题5】F【解析】36-40CDGBF36.C联系上文题.根据上文Be sure to set priorities(优先的事物).可知一定要设置优先级.C项:Do the most important tasks first.首先做最重要的任务.符合文意,故选C.37.D文章衔接题.根据后文If a friend asks you to do something and you have homeworkto do,realize which is more important and see your friend later.可知如果你的朋友要求你做什么,同时你有家庭作业要做,你要意识到哪个更重要一些.D项:Also,do not be afraidto say"no".另外,不要害怕说"不".故选D.38.G语境辨析题.根据前文Review your notes every day.每天复习你的笔迹.G项:Don't wait until just before a test to try and remember everything.不要等到考试前试着记住所有的知识点.符合文意,故选G.39.B归纳总结题.根据后文可知,良好的睡眠有助于提高记忆力.B项:Get a good night's sleep.得到一个良好的睡眠.符合文意,故选B.40.F联系下文题.根据后文you can call your friends later.可知你可以之后打给你的朋友.F项:Don't take phone calls during the time you set aside for work.在你外出工作的时候不要打电话.符合文意,故选F.本文主要介绍了如何管理好自己的时间.文章给出了几点建议:1、每天列一份待办事项清单;2、明智利用闲暇时间;3、决定做某事的时间对你有好处;4、得到一个良好的睡眠;5、告诉你的朋友和家人谈论你的工作时间表.在完成七选五阅读时,抓住文章结构进行分析是行之有效的手段.确定文章体裁有利于预测文章各段主要内容和结构形式,形成重要的选择依据.不同的文章有不同的结构形式,确定文章体裁有利于我们确定各段之间的关系.三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)My sixyearold granddaughter,who is called Caitlyn,stopped with me at a cake shop to buy some treats.As we were going out of the door,a young teenage boy was(21)in.This young man had(22)hair on the sides of his head and a patch(块)of blue hair on top of it.He had a nose ring,which was(23)to a ring he was wearing in his ear by a (24).He held a skateboard under one(25)and a basketball under the other.Caitlyn,who was walking ahead of me,(26)when she saw the teen.I thought he'd (27)her,and she'd frozen on the spot.I was(28).My angel went back to the door and opened it as wide as it would go.Now I was(29)with the young man.I stepped(30)and let himpass.His(31)was a polite one,"Thank you very much."On our way back home,I praised Caitlyn for her(32)in holding open the door for the young man.She didn't seem to be troubled by his(33),but I wanted to(34).Once we had spoken I realized it was me who needed to(35)the way I had responded.The(36)thing Caitlyn noticed about the teen was the fact that his arms were(37).He would have had a hard time(38)the door.I saw the partly shaved head,the strange(39),the rings and the chain.She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.In future,I hope I am as(40)as her and not so judgmental about others.21. A. looking B. rushing C. breaking D. coming22. A. much B. no C. less D. more23. A. joined B. added C. attached D. belonged24. A. chain B. rope C. jewel D. thread25. A. hand B. arm C. foot D. leg26. A. cried B. ran C. shouted D. stopped27. A. known B. recognized C. frightened D. attracted28. A. angry B. wrong C. worried D. curious29. A. hand in hand B. neck and neck C. side by side D. face to face30. A. back B. aside C. over D. up31. A. response B. action C. performance D. expression32. A. way B. custom C. manners D. interest33. A. appearance B. character C. hair D. rings34. A. cheer up B. make sure C. calm down D. hold on35. A. give up B. work out C. answer for D. think about36. A. first B. last C. only D. simple37. A. broken B. strange C. short D. full38. A. closing B. opening C. knocking D. finding39. A. hairstyle B. expression C. clothing D. skateboard40. A. careful B. positive C. thoughtful D. patient【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】A 【小题5】B 【小题6】D 【小题7】C 【小题8】B 【小题9】D 【小题10】B 【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】A 【小题14】B 【小题15】D 【小题16】C 【小题17】D 【小题18】B 【小题19】A 【小题20】C 【解析】41-45 DBCAB 46-50 DCBDB 51-55 ACABD 56-60 CDBAC 41.D.考查动词辨析.根据前文"As we were going out of the door,"可以判断此时这位青少年正好要进来.选项A意为看;选项B意为冲;选项C意为打坏,故选择D意为进来.42.B.考查形容词辨析.根据最后一段第一句话"I saw the partly shaved head."可知这位少年是半秃的脑袋,而下文a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.可知头顶是有头发的.由此可知少年两侧是没有头发的,故选择B.43.C.考查动词辨析.语意为:他戴了一个鼻环,上面套着的链子连到他的耳环上.选项A意为加入,参加,不和to连用;选项B增加,和to连用,意为被增加到…;选项D意为属于,不用被动语态;选项C可构成短语:be attached to表示喜爱,隶属于,连到…上去,符合题意,故选C.44.A.考查名词辨析.根据上一题分析,以及最后一段"the rings and the chain."可知鼻环被用链子连到耳环上.选项A意为链子;选项B意为绳索;选项C意为珠宝;选项D意为线,线状物.故选A.45.B.考查名词辨析.通过下文she saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.可知作者的孙女为少年开门是因为少年手上都是满满的.可知句意:他一只胳膊夹着个滑板,另一只手上拿着个篮球.选项A意为手;选项B为胳膊;选项C为脚;选项D为腿.故选择B.和under连用,意为:胳膊下.46.D.考查动词辨析.通过下文she'd frozen on the spot.可知,作者的孙女站在那儿没有动.选项A意为哭;选项B意为跑;选项C意为大吼大叫;选项D意为停了下来.故选D.47.C.考查动词辨析.通过下文She didn't seem to be troubled by his appearance.可知作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了.选项A意为知道;选项B意为认出,识别出;选项C意为使惊吓;选项D意为吸引.根据语意,选择C.48.B.考查形容词辨析.根据上文作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了,此时孙女却返回走向门,所以此时作者应该是猜错了.选项A意为生气的;B意为错误的;选项C意为担忧的;选项D意为好奇的.故选择B.49.D.考查短语辨析.根据上文作者走在孙女的后面,后来孙女停下来为少年开门可知此时作者与少年为面对面的情形.选项A意为手拉手;选项B意为旗鼓相当;选项C 意为肩并肩;选项D为面对面.故选择D.50.B.考查副词辨析.通过下文let him pass可知是让少年通过门,因此这句话意为:我走到一边.故选择B,构成短语step aside,意为走到一边,让开.51.A.考查名词辨析.根据下文Thank you very much."可知是少年的答复.选项A 意为回复;选项B意为行动;选项C意为表现;选项D意为表达.故选择A.52.C.考查名词辨析.根据上文,作者孙女为他人开门,因此此句意为:我表扬了卡莲达为少年拉门的礼貌行为.选项A意为方式,方法;选项B意为风俗;选项C意为礼貌;选项D意为兴趣爱好.根据语意,选择C.53.A.考查名词辨析.根据上文,作者原以为孙女会对这个少年的外貌感到大惊小怪.选项A意为外表外貌;选项B意为性格,汉字等;选项C意为头发;选项D意为耳环.选项C和D都太片面,故选择A.54.B.考查动词短语辨析.通过上文作者觉得她的孙女似乎对少年的外貌不吃惊,但是她还是想确认一下.选项A意为加油,振作起来;选项B意为确信;选项C意为镇定下来;选项D意为坚持,别挂断电话等意思.根据语意,选择B.55.D.考查动词短语辨析.通过上文作者想确定孙女的想法,可是一旦开始谈话,她却意识到她本人才是那个该想想自己的反应的人.选项A表示放弃;选项B意为锻炼,算出;选项C意为对…负责;选项D意为考虑思考.故选D.56.C.考查形容词辨析.通过上文可知作者觉得应反省的人是自己.此句话是所想内容:卡莲达所注意到的唯一的事情就是少年的手上都是东西.更加突出孩子纯真的内心.选项A意为第一;选项B意为最后的;选项C意为唯一的;选项D意为简单的.根据语意,选C.57.D.考查形容词辨析.通过上一题分析可知少年手上都是东西,也就是满的.选项A破损的;选项B意为奇怪的;选项C意为短小的;选项D意为满的.根据语意,选D.58.B.考查短语搭配.通过上文分析可以知道:少年的手上满是东西,根据常理推测,此时他是无法开门的.选项A关闭;选项B意为打开;选项C意为敲;选项D意为找到.根据语意,选择B.59.A.考查名词辨析.根据第二段对少年头发的描写:This young man had no hair on the sides of his head and a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.可知,男孩的发型很奇怪.选项A意为发型;选项B意为表达;选项C意为衣物;选项D意为滑板.故选A.60.C.考查形容词辨析.根据上文:我只看见半秃的脑袋,奇怪的发型,穿环和链子,而她看到的却是一个每只手都拿着东西的人走向一扇关着的们.因此,作者希望自己能像孙女那样考虑周到的,而不是以貌取人.选项A意为仔细的;选项B意为积极的,乐观的;选项C意为体贴的,考虑周到的;D意为耐心的.根据语意选择C.作者及六岁的孙女去商店买完东西出来时,碰到了一位打扮非主流的青少年.作者本以为孙女收到惊吓而停下来,可实际上孙女是注意到他手上拿满东西而停下来为这名青少年开门.作者由此发出感慨,自己不该以貌取人而应该像孙女一样为他人着想.完型填空题的命题趋势解题步骤:1.通读全文,理解大意.重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础.2.瞻前顾后,避难就易.在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题.对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗.3.复读全文,解决残敌.借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题.4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯.四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)41.My name is Wang Kun.Since middle school,my sister and I (1) (dream)about takinga great bike trip.After graduating (2) college,we finally got the chance to do it.It wasmy sister,Wang Wei,(3) first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Our cousins live near the Lancang River which (4) (call)theMekong River in other countries.My sister soon got (5) interested in (6) (cycle)too.Then she began to organize the trip and insisted that we start from the source of the river in Qinghai province (7) the air is hard to breathe.I doubted her decision but she gave me a (8) (determine)look.I know her (9) (good).Once she has made up her mind,nothing can change it.Finally,I gave (10) to her.【答案】【小题1】have dreamed/dreamt【小题2】from【小题3】who/that【小题4】is called【小题5】them【小题6】cycling【小题7】where【小题8】determined【小题9】well【小题10】in【解析】61.have dreamed/dreamt.考查时态.和Since middle school搭配用现在完成时.主语是复数.62.from.考查介词.使用graduate from意为"毕业于".63.who/that.考查定语从句.先行词是Wang Wei定语从句中缺少主语,用who/that引导定语从句.64.is called.考查被动语态.the Lancang River 和call是被动关系,由Our cousins live near 可知用一般现在时.65.them.考查代词.指代上文的Our cousins ,作got的宾语用them.66.cycling.考查动名词.介词in后面接动名词.67.where.考查定语从句.先行词是 Qinghai province ,定语从句中不缺主宾表,缺少地点状语,用where引导定语从句.68.determined.考查形容词.修饰名词look用形容词,表示和人相关的表情,用过去分词形式的形容词.69.well.考查副词.修饰动词know用副词well.70.in.考查介词.give in to sb为固定搭配,意为"向某人屈服".文章介绍作者和姐姐计划进行骑自行车旅行,他们原先计划沿着湄公河骑车,后来改变主意,从青海省这条河的源头骑车.本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空.做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识.本题考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等.因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识.五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)42.此题要求该正所给短文中的错误.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.按下列情况改正:增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词;删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉;修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在其下面写出改正后的词.注意:(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.Last week I went to visit to my former neighbor,Mr.Yang.He and I used to living next to each other for many years.About half a ye ar ago,the order came that the old building,along with many other similar ones,。
安徽省芜湖市2018学年高一上学期期末考试数学试题 含
第Ⅰ卷(共60分)一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合{}|3M x x =<,{}2|log 1N x x =>,则M N 等于( )A . φB .{}|03x x <<C . {}|13x x <<D .{}|23x x <<2.把114π-表示成+2()k k Z θπ∈的形式,使θ最小的角θ的值是( ) A . 34π- B . 4π- C . 4π D .34π3.设132,2,()log (21),2x xe xf x x -⎧<=⎨⋅-≥⎩,则[](2)f f 等于( ) A . 0 B . 1 C . 2 D . 3 4.已知3cos()25πα+=,且3,22ππα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,则tan α=( ) A .43 B . 34 C. 3-4 D .34± 5.设112230.7,0.8,log 0.7a b c ===,则( )A . c b a <<B . c a b << C. a b c << D .b a c << 6.函数2log (1)1(0,1)x a y a x a a -=+-+>≠的图像必经过点( ) A . (0,1) B . (1,1) C. (2,1) D .(2,2)7.已知函数22()log f x m x =+的定义域是[1,2],且()4f x ≤,则实数m 的取值范围是( )A . (],2-∞B .(,2)-∞ C. [)2,+∞ D .(2,)+∞ 8.已知等腰三角形顶角的余弦值等于45,则这个三角形底角的正弦值为( ) A ...9.函数[cos()sin()][cos()sin()]4444y x x x x ππππ=++++-+在一个周期内的图像是( )10.函数()cos()f x x ωϕ=+的部分图象如图所示,则()f x 的单调递减区间为( )A .13(,),44k k k Z ππ-+∈ B .13(2,2),44k k k Z ππ-+∈C. 13(,),44k k k Z -+∈D .13(2,2),44k k k Z -+∈11.设函数1()()()F x f x f x =-,其中2log ()0x f x -=,则函数()F x 是( ) A .奇函数且在(),-∞+∞上是增函数 B .奇函数且在(),-∞+∞上是减函数 C. 偶函数且在(),-∞+∞上是增函数 D .偶函数且在(),-∞+∞上是减函数12. 已知函数()f x 的定义域为()(),00,-∞+∞ ,()f x 是奇函数,且当0x >时,2()f x x x a =-+,若函数()()g x f x x =-的零点恰有两个,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A . 0a <B . 0a ≤ C. 1a ≤ D .0a ≤或=1a第Ⅱ卷(共90分)二、填空题(每题5分,满分20分,将答案填在答题纸上)13.函数212cos (2)y x =-的最小正周期是 .14.已知函数()y f x =为R 上的奇函数,其零点为122017,,,x x x ⋅⋅⋅,则122017x x x ++⋅⋅⋅+ .15.已知函数cos y x =与函数sin(2)(0)y x ϕϕπ=+≤<,它们的图象有一个横坐标为3π的交点,则ϕ的值是 .16.若函数2()23f x mx x =-+只有一个零点,则实数m 的取值是 . 17.已知函数sin 3y x π=在区间[0,]t 上至少取得2次最大值,则正整数t 的最小值是 .三、解答题 (本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)18. (本小题满分6分) 给出下列8种图像变换方法:①图象上所有点的纵坐标不变,横坐标缩短到原来的12; ②图象上所有点的纵坐标不变,横坐标伸长到原来的2倍; ③图象上所有点的横坐标不变,纵坐标缩短到原来的12; ④图象上所有点的横坐标不变,纵坐标伸长到原来的2倍; ⑤图象向右平移3π个单位; ⑥图象向左平移3π个单位;⑦图象向右平移23π个单位; ⑧图象向左平移23π个单位.请选择上述变换方法中的部分变换方法并按照一定顺序排列将函数sin y x =的图象变换到函数1sin()223x y π=+的图象,要求写出每一种变换后得到的函数解析式.(只需给出一种方法即可).19. (本小题满分6分)若{|34}A x x =-≤≤,{|11},B x x m B A =-≤≤+⊆,求实数m 的取值范围. 20. (本小题满分6分)已知函数2())2sin ()().612f x x x x R ππ=-+-∈(1)求函数()f x 的最小正周期;(2)求使函数()f x 取得最大值的x 的集合. 21. (本小题满分8分) 已知函数sin 2cos 21().2sin x x f x x-+=(1)求()f x 的定义域; (2)求()f x 的取值范围; (3)设α为锐角,且1tan22α=,求()f α的值. 22. (本小题满分8分)已知函数()y f x =是定义在R 上的奇函数,且0x >时,21()log ().2f x x =+ (1)求()f x 的解析式;(2)若M ={|m 函数()|()|()g x f x m m R =-∈有两个零点},求集合M . 23. (本小题满分10分)设函数()f x 的定义域为R *,且满足条件(4)1f =,对于任意12,x x R *∈,有1212()+()f x x f x f x ⋅=(),且函数()f x 在R *上为增函数.(1)求(1)f 的值;(2)如果(31)(26)3f x f x ++-≤,求x 的取值范围.试卷答案一、选择题1-5: ;;;;;D A C B B 6-10: ;;;;;D A C B D 11、12:;.A D二、填空题13.2π14. 0 15.6π16. 0或1317. 8 三、解答题18.解:方法一:② ⑧ ③1111sin sinsin()in()223223y x y x y x y s x ππ=→=→=+→=+;····························6分 方法二:⑥ ② ③111sin sin()in()in()323223y x y x y s x y s x πππ=→=+→=+→=+··························6分 19.解:.B A ⊆20.解:(1)())1cos[2()]612f x x x ππ=-+--)cos(2)166x x ππ=---+2sin(2)166x ππ=--+ 2sin(2) 1.3x π=-+ 2.2T ππ∴=·············································································3分(2)当()f x 取最大值时,sin(2)13x π-=,得22,32x k k Z πππ-=+∈,得5,.12x k k Z ππ=+∈故使函数()f x 取得最大值的x 的集合为5{|,}.12x x k k Z ππ=+∈·······························6分 21.解:(1)由sin 0x ≠得函数()f x 的定义域为{|,}.x x k k Z π≠∈································2分 (2)222sin cos (12sin )12sin cos 2sin()cos sin 2sin 2sin x x x x x x f x x x x x x--++===+=+)(,).4x k k Z ππ≠∈又由于,x k k Z π=∈)4x π+的值为1±所以()f x 的取值范围为:[1](1,1).-- ········································5分 (3)令1tan22t α==,得224tan 13t t α==-,由α为锐角,得43sin ,cos ,55αα== 437()sin cos .555f ααα∴=+=+=························································8分 22.解:(1)()f x 是R 上的奇函数,(0)0.f ∴=设0x <,则210,()log ().()()2x f x x f x f x ->∴-=-+-=-21()()log ()2f x f x x ∴=--=--+所以()f x 的解析式为221log (),0,2()0,0,1log (),0.2x x f x x x x ⎧--+<⎪⎪==⎨⎪⎪+>⎩·····························································4分(2)画出函数|()|y f x =的图像如下图:由图可得1,{|1}.m M m m ≥∴=≥··························································8分 23.解:(1)1212()()()f x x f x f x ⋅=+ ,令121x x ==得(1)(1)(1),(1)0.f f f f =+∴=·············3分 (2)2(4)(44)(4)(4)2,(64)(16)(4) 3.f f f f f f f =⋅=+==+=∴由(31)(26)3f x f x ++-≤得[(31)(26)](64)f x x f +-≤································································7分函数()f x 在R *上为增函数310260(31)(26)64x x x x +>⎧⎪∴->⎨⎪+-≤⎩解得3 5.x <≤·····················································10分。
安徽省芜湖市2018届高三上学期期末考试(一模)理科数学试题 扫描版
芜湖市2017-2018学年度第一学期高三学习考试数学试卷(理科)参考答案一、选择题1.B2.B3.D4.B5.C6.D7.A8.A9.C 10.C 11.C 12.B二、填空题13.3214.24y x 15.3 16.28π3三、解答题17.解:(1)()()213n n S n a =++, ①当2n ≥时,()()11212n n S n a --=++,② ①-②得,()()112n n n a n a -=++. 所以()1221n n a an n n -=++≥. 故2n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭+是首项为13的常数列,所以()123na n =+. ………………… 6分 ()1191192(3)23n n n b a a n n n n +⎛⎫===- ⎪++++⎝⎭, 119933333nT nn. ………………… 12分18.解:(1)数学成绩的平均分为0.01245+0.0255+0.02565+0.03575+0.00685+0.0029510=65.9根据语文成绩的正态分布知语文平均分为70分,所以语文平均分高些. .……… 4分 (2)语文成绩优秀的概率为118510.960.022p P X ,数学成绩优秀的概率为210.006+0.002100.052p ,语文成绩优秀人数为2000.024人,数学成绩优秀人数为2000.0510人.……… 8分(3)语文数学两科都优秀的4人,单科优秀的有6人,X 所有可能的取值为0,1,2,3,312646331010110,162C C C P X P X C C ,213464331010312,31030C C C P X P X C C数学期望01236210305E X . ………………… 12分 19.解:(1)因为点,E F 分别是边,CD CB 的中点,所以//BD EF ,因为菱形ABCD 的对角线互相垂直,所以BD AC ⊥,故EF AC ⊥. 翻折后即有,EF AO EF PO ⊥⊥因为AO ⊂平面,PAO PO ⊂平面,PAO AOPO O =,所以EF ⊥平面PAO ,又因为EF ⊂平面PEF ,所以平面PEF ⊥平面POA .………………… 5分 (2)解法一:设AO BD H =,连接BO .60,DAB ABD ∠=∴∆为等边三角形, 4,2,BD BH HA HO PO ∴=====,在Rt BHO ∆中,BO ==PBO ∆中,22210BO PO PB+==,PO BO ∴⊥,,PO BO PO EF EFBO O ⊥⊥=,PO ∴⊥平面BFED , …………………7分以O 为原点,,,OA OF OP 所在直线分别为,,x y z 轴, 建立空间直角坐标系O xyz -, 则,,,0,1,0A BP E ,33,0,3,23,2,0,0,1,3AP ABPE,设平面PAB 的一个法向量为(),,n x y z =,由,n AP n AB ⊥⊥得33302320x z xy ,令1x,得1,3,3n ,取平面PEF 的一个法向量为1,0,0m,则13cos .13113m n m nmn所以平面PEF 与平面PAB 所成二面角的余弦值为13. ………………… 12分解法二:分别延长EF 和AB相交于点G ,连PG ,设AOBD K =,连接,60BO DAB ABD ∠=∴∆为等边三角形.4,2,BD BK KA KO PO ∴=====在Rt BKO ∆中,BO ==在PBO ∆中,22210BO PO PB +==,PO BO ∴⊥,,PO EF EF BO O ⊥=PO ∴⊥平面BFED ,又EFAO ,AO 平面PFE , 过点O 做OH PG ,连AH ,则AHO 为平面PEF 与平面PAB 所成二面角的平面角. ………………… 8分在ΔPOG 中,33,3,23,2OP OG OPOG PG OHPG , tan 23OA AHOOH,13cos 13AHO. ………………… 12分 20. 解:(1)在ΔABC 中,由余弦定理2222cos AB CA CB CA CB C234CA CBCA CB .又Δ1334sin ,2433ABCS CA CB C CA CB CA CB , 代入上式得22CA CB ,即椭圆长轴222a ,焦距22c AB ,所以椭圆M 的标准方程为2212x y +=. ………………… 5分(2)设直线方程()1y k x =-,联立()22121x y y k x ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,得()22222124220,880k x k x k k +-+-=∆=+>,设交点1122,,,E x y F x y ,∴22121222422,1212k k x x x x k k-+==++. 假设x 轴上存在定点()0,0D x ,使得DE DF ⋅为定值,∴()()()112212121200002,,DE DF x x y x x y x x x x x x y y ⋅=--=-++⋅+()()()220121212011x x x x x x k x x =-+++--()()()12122220021k x x x k x x x k =+-++++()()2220002241212x x k x k -++-=+. ………………… 10分要使DE DF ⋅为定值,则DE DF ⋅的值与k 无关,∴()2200024122x x x -+=-, 解得054x =,此时716DE DE ⋅=-为定值,定点为5,04⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭. ………………… 12分21解: (1)ln 2f xx x m m的定义域为1,e e ,且1'0,1x f x x x当(0,1)x ∈时'()0f x > 所以()y f x = 在(0,1)递增;当(1,)x ∈+∞时'()0f x < 所以()y f x = 在(1,)+∞递减, 且111,1fm f e e m ee,因1120ff e e ee,函数f x 在1,e e的最小值为1e m . ………………… 5分 由(1)知12,x x 满足ln 0x x m --=,且1201,1x x <<>,1122ln ln 0x x m x x m --=--= ,由题意可知22ln 2ln 22x x m -=<-<-又有(1)可知()ln f x x x =-在(1,)+∞递减,故22x >, 所以1210,1x x ,则111222222211111ln lnln lnf x fx x x x x x x x x 22212ln x x x ………………… 8分 令12ln 2g xxx xx,则2222211221'10x x x g x x xxx,当2x时,g x 是减函数,所以32ln 42g xg ………………… 10分因333223221.63 2.56 1.6 4.096ln 4ln lnlnlnlnln10244444e ,即0g x,所以当2x时,1210f x fx ,即121f x fx 因为1210,1x x , f x 在0,1上单调递增,所以121x x ,故121xx .………… 12分22.解: (1)将ρcos θ,ρsin θxy cos θρsin θ310,由22cos 1cos θρθ=-可得22ρ1cos θ2ρcos θ,曲线C 的直角坐标方程为22y x . ……………… 5分(2)直线l 的倾斜角为3π,∴直线l '的倾斜角也为3π,又直线l '过点()2,0M , ∴直线l '的参数方程为122x t y ⎧'⎪⎪⎨⎪'+=⎩=⎪(t '为参数),将其代入曲线C 的直角坐标方程可得234160t t ''--=,设点,A B 对应的参数分别为12,t t ''. 由一元二次方程的根与系数的关系知1212164,33t t t t =-+''='', ∴12AB t t ''=-===. ………………… 10分 23.解:(1)不等式()4|1|f x x <--可化为:|32||1|4x x ++-< ①当23x <-时,①式为3214x x ---+<,解得5243x -<<-;当213x -≤≤,①式为3214x x +-+<,解得2132x -≤<; 当1x >时,①式为3214x x ++-<,无解.综上所述,不等式()4|1|f x x <--的解集为51()42-,. ………………… 5分(2)解:1111()()24n mm n m n m n m n+=++=++≥ 令()1222()||()||||3333g x x a f x x a x x a x a ⎛⎫=--=--+≤--+=+ ⎪⎝⎭ ∴max 2()3g x a =+,要使不等式恒成立,只需max 2()43g x a =+≤,即1003a <≤ ∴实数a 取值范围是10(0]3,. … 10分。
安徽省芜湖市2017-2018学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题 PDF
2017-2018第一学期高一英语期末考试试题A卷参考答案及评分标准第一部分听力(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1-5BCBAC6-10BAACB11-15CABCA第二部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)16-20CDCBA21-25ABCDB26-30FADGC第三部分英语知识运用完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)31-35CBBCD36-40ABADA41-45DCBCA46-50CBDBD语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.on52.will be carried53.to land54.challenging55.biggest56.which57.ability58.has spent59.However60.leading第四部分写作单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)61.officially62.strength63.publishes64.approval/approving65.performance短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)My house helper has lived with us for18years,but she is always treating me likeanda sister.She once helped me take care for my5kids,who are now adult.Yesterdayof adultsmorning I invited her for a breakfast.After sitting,I asked her∧open her hands,删掉a totook a picture and kissed them.I said thanks to her for her beautiful hands,that helpedwhichthis family so much.She was so shocking and burst into tears.I cried,either.I toldshocked tooher I was so gratefully to her for everything she has done for all of us.grateful had书面表达(满分10分)(One possible vision)A heated debate has been held in our class about whether it is good for students to go on line in their spare time.Opinions vary on this topic.Some are in favor of the idea that students should go on line.For one thing,the Internet not only makes it convenient for them to communicate with each other but also get the latest information both home and abroad.For another,students can use the Internet as a way to enrich their after-class activities.However,others raise questions about going on line.They argue that most students devote time to playing or chatting on line rather than studying or looking for help.What’s worse,a few students are even addicted to computer games,which will have a bad effect on their studies.As far as I’m concerned,I’m for this activity.As long as we use the Internet properly,its advantages outweigh its disadvantages.。
【全国校级联考Word】天一大联考2017-2018学年高一年级期末考试(安徽版)数学
天一大联考2017—2018学年高一年级期末考试(安徽版)数学A 卷一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.9︒=( )A . 36πB .20πC .10πD .9π2. 下列选项中,与向量()1,2-垂直的单位向量为( )A . (4,2)B .(2,1)-C .D .⎛ ⎝3. 某高校大一新生中,来自东部地区的学生有2400人、中部地区学生有1600人、西部地区学生有1000人.从中选取100人作样本调研饮食习惯,为保证调研结果相对准确,下列判断正确的有( ) ①用分层抽样的方法分别抽取东部地区学生48人、中部地区学生32人、西部地区学生20人; ②用简单随机抽样的方法从新生中选出100人; ③西部地区学生小刘被选中的概率为150; ④中部地区学生小张被选中的概率为15000 A .①④ B .①③ C .②④ D . ②③4. 将小王6次数学考试成绩制成茎叶图如图所示,则这些数据的中位数是( )A . 81B . 83 C. 无中位数 D .84.55. 一个盒子中装有红、黄、蓝三种颜色的球各5个,从中任取3个球.事件甲:3个球都不是红球;事件乙:3个球不都是红球;事件丙:3个球都是红球;事件丁:3个球中至少有1个红球,则下列选项中两个事件互斥而不对立的是( )A . 甲和乙B . 甲和丙 C. 乙和丙 D .乙和丁6. 已知在边长为2的正方形内,有一月牙形图形,向正方形内随机地投射100个点,恰好有15个点落在了月牙形图形内,则该月牙形图形的面积大约是( )A .3.4B .0.3 C. 0.6 D .0.157. 若锐角α满足3sin 5α=,则tan 2α=( ) A . 13 B . 43 C. 35 D .3 8. 已知ABC ∆满足ABACk BC AB AC -= (其中k 是常数),则ABC ∆的形状一定是( )A .正三角形B .钝角三角形 C. 等腰三角形 D .直角三角形9. 如图所示的程序框图,若输入的x 的值为()a a R ∈,则输出u =( ) A . a B . a - C. a D .a -10. 函数()()sin 13f x x π⎡⎤=-⎢⎥⎣⎦在区间[]3,5-上的所有零点之和等于( ) A . -2 B . 0 C. 3 D .211. 设非零向量,a b 夹角为θ,若2a b =,且不等式2a b a b λ+≥+对任意θ恒成立,则实数λ的取值 范围为( )A . []1,3-B .[]1,5- C. []7,3- D .[]5,712.70tan 70)sin 80︒-︒︒=A . 12B .1 二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分13. 从110这十个自然数中任选一个数,该数为质数的概率为 .14. 数据1x ,2x ,…,n x 的平均数是3,方差是1,则数据15x -,25x -,…,5n x -的平均数和方差之和是 .15.下图是出租汽车计价器的程序框图,其中x 表示乘车里程(单位:km ),S 表示应支付的出租汽车费用(单位:元).有下列表述:①在里程不超过3km 的情况下,出租车费为8元;②若乘车8.6km ,需支付出租车费20元;③乘车xkm 的出租车费为82(3)x +-④乘车xkm 与出租车费S 的关系如图所示:S(单位:元)则正确表述的序号是 .16. 如图为函数()sin(2)?(0,||)2f x A x A πϕϕ=+>≤的部分图象,对于任意的1x ,[]2,x a b ∈,若()()12f x f x =,都有()12f x x +=,则ϕ等于 .三、解答题:共70分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.17. 已知向量()2,3a =,(1,1)b =-.(Ⅰ)若实数,m n 满足()5,10ma nb +=,求m n +的值;(Ⅱ)若()//()a b a b λλ++,求实数λ的值.18. 某企业根据供销合同生产某种型号零件10万件,规定:零件长度(单位:毫米)在区间(]99,101内,则为一等品;若长度在(]97,99或(]101,103内,则为二等品;否则为不合格产品.现从生产出的零件中随机抽取100件作样本,其长度数据的频率分布直方图如图所示.(Ⅰ)试估计该样本的平均数;(Ⅱ)根据合同,企业生产的每件一等品可获利10元,每件二等品可获利8元,每件不合格产品亏损6元,若用样本估计总体,试估算该企业生产这批零件所获得的利润.19. 某中学每周定期举办一次数学沙龙,前5周每周参加沙龙的人数如下表:(Ⅰ)假设x 与y 线性相关,求y 关于x 的回归直线方程;(Ⅱ)根据(Ⅰ)中的方程预测第8周参加数学沙龙的人数.附:对于线性相关的一组数据(),(1,2,,)i i x y i n =,其回归方程为y bx a =+. 其中121()()()ni ii n ii x x y y b x x ==--=-∑∑,a y bx =-. 20. 函数()sin()(40,0,)2f x A x πωϕωϕ=+>><的最小正周期为π,点,26P π⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭为其图象上一个最高点.(Ⅰ)求()f x 的解析式; (Ⅱ)将函数()f x 图象上所有点都向左平移3π个单位,得到函数()g x 的图象,求()g x 在区间,2ππ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上的值域 21. 甲乙两人玩卡片游戏:他们手里都拿着分别标有数字1,2,3,4,5,6的6张卡片,各自从自己的卡片中随机抽出1张,规定两人谁抽出的卡片上的数字大,谁就获胜,数字相同则为平局.(Ⅰ)求甲获胜的概率.(Ⅱ)现已知他们都抽出了标有数字6的卡片,为了分出胜负,他们决定从手里剩下的卡片中再各自随机抽出1张,若他们这次抽出的卡片上数字之和为偶数,则甲获胜,否则乙获胜.请问:这个规则公平吗,为什么 ?22. 如图所示,扇形OAB 中,23AOB π∠=,1OA =,矩形CDEF 内接于扇形OAB .点G 为AB 的中点,设COG x ∠=,矩形CDEF 的面积为S .(Ⅰ)若12x π=,求S ;(Ⅱ)求S 的最大值.试卷答案一、选择题1-5: BDBDB 6-10: CACDC 11、12:AA二、填空题13. 0.4 14. 3 15. ①② 16.4π三、解答题17. 【命题意图】本题考查平面向量的坐标运算,平面向量共线的性质.【解析】(Ⅰ)由题意得()2,3(5,10)ma nb m n m n +=+-=所以25,310,m n m n +=⎧⎨-=⎩解得3,1,m n =⎧⎨=-⎩所以2m n +=.(Ⅱ)()2,3a b λλλ+=+-,()a b 21,31λλλ+=+-,·因为()()//a b a b λλ++,所以()()()()231321λλλλ+-=-+解得1λ=±.18. 【命题意图】本题考查频率分布直方图、平均数的计算,以及样本估计总体的思想【解析】(Ⅰ)由频率分布直方图可得各组的频率分别为0.02,0.18,0.38,0.30,0.10,0.02. 平均数估计值是960.02980.181000.381020.301040.101060.02100.68⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=. (Ⅱ)由题意知,一等品的频率为0.38,二等品的频率为0.48,不合格产品的频率为0.14. 用样本估计总体,一等品约有3.8万件,二等品约有4.8万件,不合格产品约有1.4万件. 故该企业生产这批零件预计可获利润3.810 4.881.4668⨯+⨯-⨯=万元.19. 【命题意图】本题考查线性回归分析,考查运算能力.【解析】(Ⅰ)5152222221()()1210314321012()i ii ii x x y y b x x ==--++++===++++-∑∑ 18339a y bx =-=-⨯=所以y 关于x 的回归直线方程是39y x =+.(Ⅱ)当8x =时,由回归方程可得38933y =⨯+=,即第8周参加数学沙龙的人数预计为33人.20.【命题意图】本题考查三角函数的性质与图象.【解析】(Ⅰ)因为最小正周期为π,得2ππω=,2ω=. 点,26P π⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭为其图象上一个最高点,得2A =,sin 13πϕ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭, 又因为22ππϕ-<<,所以6πϕ=.所以()2sin(2)6f x x π=+(Ⅱ)由题意得()52sin 22sin 23366g x f x x x ππππ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=++=+ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦ 当,2x ππ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,511172,666x πππ⎛⎫+∈ ⎪⎝⎭. 因为sin y x =在区间115,62ππ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增,在区间517,26ππ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减, 且111sin 62π=-,5sin 12π=,171sin 62π=, 所以()g x 在区间,2ππ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上的值域为(]1,2-. 21. 【命题意图】本题考查概率的性质、古典概型的概率计算.【解析】(Ⅰ)两人各自从自己的卡片中随机抽出一张,所有可能的结果为:()()()()()()()()()()()()1,1,1,2,1,3,1,4,1,5,1,6,2,1,2,2,2,3,2,4,2,5,2,6()()()()()()()()()()()()3,1,3,2,3,3,3,4,3,5,3,6,4,1,4,2,4,3,4,4,4,5,4,6()()()()()()()()()()()()5,1,5,2,5,3,5,4,5,5,5,6,6,1,6,2,6,3,6,4,6,5,6,6,共36种 其中事件“中获胜”包含的结果为:()()()()()()()()()()()()()()2,1,3,1,3,2,4,1,4,2,4,3,5,1,5,2,5,3,5,4,(6,1),6,2,6,3,6,4,6,5,有15种. 所以甲获胜的概率为1553612= (Ⅱ)两人各自从于里剩下的卡片中随机抽出一张,所有可能的结果为:()()()()()()()()()()()()()()1,1,1,2,1,3,1,4,1,5,2,1,2,2,2,3,2,4,2,5,3,1,3,2,3,3,3,4,()()()()()()()()()()()3,5,4,1,4,2,4,3,4,4,4,5,5,1,5,2,5,3,5,4,5,5,共25种. 其中卡片上的数字之和为偶数的结果为:()()()()()()()()()()()()()1,1,1,3,1,5,2,2,2,4,3,1,3,3,3,5,4,2,4,4,5,1,5,3,5,5,共13种. 根据规则,甲获胜的概率为1325,则乙获胜的概率为1225,所以这个规则不公平. 22. 【命题意图】本题考查三角函数模型和三角两数的性质,考查应用意识.【解析】(Ⅰ)如图所示,设OG 与CF ,DE 分别交于M ,N 两点由已知得 sin sin CM ND OC x x ===,22sin CF CM x ==.cos cos OM OC x x ==, sin tan 3NDON x π-=,所以cos CD MN x x ==.故22sin cos 2sin cos 03S x x x x x x x π⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=-<< ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭所以22 sin cos sin 2226S x x x x x x π⎛⎫===+- ⎪⎝⎭当12x π=时,1S = (Ⅱ)因为03x π<<,所以52666x πππ<+<, 当且仅当262x ππ+=,即6x π=时,S。
安徽省芜湖市2017届高三上学期期末统测理科综合试题(word版)
芜湖市2016-2017学年度第一学期期末统测高三年级理科综合能力测试本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
全卷满分300分。
考试时间150分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 0 16 Na 23 S 32 Mn 55 Fe 56第I卷(选择题,共126分)一、选择题:本题共13小题,每小题6分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.酶和激素都是与细胞代谢有关的重要物质。
下列有关叙述正确的是A.能产生酶的细胞都能产生激素B.能产生激素的细胞都能产生酶C.两者对细胞代谢都有调节作用D.激素可以存在于内环境而酶不能2.某兴趣小组计划利用小麦种子的根做一些探究实验,右图中区域A、B、C分别表示小麦根尖的分生区、伸长区、成熟区。
下列有关的实验设计合理的是A.可选取区域A做探究不同浓度生长素溶液对根生长的影响实验B.可选取区域B观察细胞的有丝分裂,观察时细胞已经死亡C.可选取区域C观察细胞的质壁分离及其复原,观察时需调暗视野D.可选取区域B做探究重力对根生长的影响实验3.以下关于蛋白质生物合成的叙述正确的是A.一种tRNA携带一种氨基酸,一种密码子编码一种氨基酸B.DNA聚合酶是在细胞核中合成的C.病毒的蛋白质都是在宿主细胞的核糖体上合成的D.线粒体的蛋白质都是由细胞核DNA指导合成的4.下图为某单基因遗传病的一个系谱图。
该病在当地的发病率为1%,I3为纯合子,I1、Ⅱ6和Ⅱ7已故,不能提取相应的遗传物质。
下列分析正确的是A.该病为伴X染色体隐性遗传病B.该家系中此遗传病的致病基因频率为1/10C.Ⅱ8与该地区正常男性结婚,生一个患病男孩的几率是1/22D.若需确定Ⅱ6和Ⅲ10的亲子关系,最简捷的方法是检测I2的部分遗传物质5.下列关于人体在寒冷环境中体温调节的叙述正确的是A.寒冷环境中下丘脑分泌TRH可接受不同信息分子的调节B.寒冷刺激会引起人体皮肤的毛细血管舒张,汗液分泌减少C.寒冷环境中人体在平静状态下不存在骨骼肌产热D.与20℃相比,寒冷环境中正常人的散热速率减小,产热速率增大6.下列关于种群和群落的叙述不正确的是A.使用抽样调查法可获知种群密度和物种丰富度B.调查研究同一地点各种群数量变化规律可揭示群落的种间关系C.种群中的个体在水平方向上的分布构成群落的水平结构D.群落中的各种群在垂直方向上的分布构成群落的垂直结构7.化学与生活密切相关。
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第一部分听力(共两节,满分15分)I. 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷相应位置。
听完每段对话,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happened to Annie?A. She hurt her arm.B. She hurt her leg.C. She hurt her head.2. How does the woman feel about the new house?A. Excited.B. Satisfied.C. Workmates.3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Schoolmates.C. Workmates.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Placing the TV.B. Buying a TV.C. Watching TV.5. How does the woman want to get to the bank?A. On foot.B. By car.C. By bus.第二节(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)听下面3段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。
6. What is the best way to learn English in the man’s opinion?A. To travel to foreign countries.B. To go to English-speaking countries.C. To study in a language school.7. Where did Li Lei stay for his first two moths in Britain?A. In a local familyB. In a hotelC. In the language school8. What did Li Lei learn in Britain except English?A. CookingB. DressingC. Acting听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。
9. Why does the woman like Andalucia?A. The mountains are beautiful.B. It’s far away from Asia.C. There are mountains and the sea.10. Where will the man most probably travel next time?A. To AsiaB. To EuropeC. To America11. What do we know about Andalucia from their conversation?A. It’s a busy place.B. It’s in the north of Spain.C. There’s delicious local wine.听第8段材料,回答第12至15题。
12. What kinds of stories can be heard in the program Talk Face-to-Face?A. Stories about people’s work and life.B. Stories about different countries.C. Stories about making money.13. When is the program Sports News?A. At 6:00 p.m.B. At 6:40 p.m.C. At 7:40 p.m.14. Which program is the most popular?A. Talk Face-to-FaceB. Beijing NewsC. Tell me Your Problems15. Who will come to the program Talk Show?A. Some starsB. Famous writersC. Some children第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
APARIS is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and the most famous cities in the world.PARIS is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What women are wearing in Paris will be worn by women all over the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education.The Seine River divides the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges cross this beautiful river. The oldest and perhaps most well-known is the Pont Neuf, which was built in sixteenth century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, stands on the left bank of the river. There are many other famous places in Paris, such as the famous museum the Louvre, as well as the Notre Dame. However, the most famous building in this city is Eiffel Tower.PARIS is named after a group of people called the Parisii. They built a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lie de la Cite, is where Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.16. This article mainly tells us about ________.A. the center of the worldB. the buildings in ParisC. the general situation in ParisD. the famous buildings along the Seine River17. We may infer that the position of Notre Dame is on ________.A. the Left BankB. both banksC. the Right BankD. neither bank18. According to the passage, which one of the following sentences is TRUE?A. There are thirty - two bridges in each part of the city.B. Paris is only an international fashion center.C. The Pont Neuf is the most famous among the 32 bridges.D. Paris is named by some famous buildings.BMary Jones bought a dress in a woman’s clothing store. She felt very happy about buying the dress until she got home. Then she remembered she had left her purse at the store. It was the third time that month that Mary had forgotten something important. Mary was angry with herself. She said, “Am I losing it?”Emma Cleveland was teaching a class in mathematics at a college. She began to explain to the students how to solve a very difficult problem. She understood it very well. But to the students how to solve a very difficult problem. She understood it very well. But somehow, at that moment, she could not explain it. Emma said, “I must be losing it.”Americans seem to have a lot of concerns about losing it. At least that is what you would think from hearing them talk. They use the expression when they feel they are losing control. It can mean losing emotional control, orlosing the ability to do something, or losing mental powers.Word experts differ about how the expression started. Some believe it came from television programs popular in the 1980s. Others believe it began with psychologists who deal with how people think, feel and act.“We Americans have many concerns about controlling oar lives. Perhaps we worry to much.” one psychologists said. “In many situations, to say you are losing it eases the tensions(不安).” It is healthy. And most people who say they are having a problem are not losing it.People may feel more like they are losing it when they are “down in the dumps.” Word expert Charles Funk says people have been feeling down in the dumps for more than 400 years. The word dumps probably comes from Northern European countries. The languages of Denmark and Norway both have similar words. The words mean falling suddenly. Americans borrowed this saying. And, over the years, it has become a popular way of expressing sadness.19. What problem did Mary think she had?A. She had quite low intelligenceB. She seemed to have a poor memory.C. She lost the ability to shop wisely.D. She easily lost emotional control.20. How does the author explain the use of ‘losing it’?A. By using examples.B. By describing his own experiences.C. By giving instructions.D. By providing research findings.21. If someone feels down in the dumps, he or she ________.A. is in low spiritsB. is losing somethingC. becomes less popularD. has a sudden fall in lifeCMinisters are being urged to do more to encourage children to speak two languages from a young age. Edinburgh University and the Royal Society of Arts say research points to bilingual (双语) children being better at learning a lot of subjects.A new study by the university suggests children speaking two languages make no more grammatical mistakes in English than those speaking one language. Professor Antonella Sorace tested a number of school-age bilingual children. Her study showed that children learning two languages may begin to talk later.Professor Sorace said bilingualism made children generally better at learning in their lives. She believes parents often put off bringing their children up bilingually because they feel it may hinder(阻碍) their intellectual(智力的) development.“My parents don’t know how good bilingualism can be and they think that bilingualism can cause confusion and intellectual delay in the child,” Professor Sorace said. “They purposely refuse to speak one of the languages they could be speaking.”“By bringing them up bilingually they can give them much more than two languages.” Professor Socrace said. She hoped her findings would encourage parents to send their children to Gaelic schools.22. According to the new study by Edinburgh University, bilingual children ________.A. read more booksB. have more interestsC. do better in lessons at schoolD. make more grammar mistakes in English23. One disadvantage of being bilingual children is that they may ________.A. begin to talk laterB. behave worse at schoolC. be more likely to hate studyD. remember things more slowly24. What do many parents think of bilingualism?A. It will broaden children’s vision.B. It will improve children’s memory.C. It wil l decrease children’s study interest.D. It will cause confusion in children’s study.25. What’s Professor Sorace’s attitude towards children’s being bilingual?A. Uncertain.B. Positive.C. Objective.D. Doubtful.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。