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【尚友制造】SAT真题答案解析(2013.1北美卷)

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1. E 首先句子中的 but 一词很明显的表达出了前后部分的语义是相反的，而前半部分中又有 not，所以可以判断出两空中所需要的词的大意应该是差不多的，即选 E。A 中因为 overlook 就排除，B 是因为 avoid 和 dismiss 排除，C 是 forget 排除掉，而 D 是 prevent 排除掉。
4. E 从 far from exhausting 可以看出，空出部分的单词应该是和 exhausting 相反的，即 E，也可以从 convalescent 这边选出答案。
5. D
EDK 这个人支持老师们有高收入，那么对应的就是 D。
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5. A 前半句：虽然对于怎么样的评价感到不快是正常的，这里的“怎么样”应该是一个负面态度的词。下半句：在被严厉斥责时， L 假装她没有怎么样。根据句意，也应该填一个负态度的词（题干为 Although +not 双重否定取同）。所以排除其他选项，选 A。词汇： acerbic 尖刻的； affronted 被冒犯的； barbed 讽刺的，有倒钩的，； discreet 谨慎的；droll 古怪可笑的；intimidated 被吓到的； churlish 粗鲁的；mollified 被平息的
2. D 活动家作为什么的支持者是在国际间推广酒类消费的坏处。根据句意可以得知，这位活动家是讨厌酒的一个态度，看选项，只有 D 是正确的，有戒酒的意思。词汇：debauchery 放荡，沉溺声色；suffrage 选举权
3. D 通过怎么样了自然河流的很多方面，水坝 cause serious harm.从 serious 可知在 producing 后面也应该填一个表示负面态度的词，这时候看选项就可以排除掉 B、C、E。只剩下 A、D ，A 的前面一个单词 improving 和后面造成严重坏处的语意不符，故选 D。词汇： pernicious 致命的； nominal 名义上的； inhibit 禁止； deleterious 有害的；obliterate 抹去；salutary 治愈性的

【尚友制造】Mindfree Active Reading阅读法

标题：Mindfree Active Reading阅读法尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】Mindfree是ChsaeDream一代大牛，CD第一位GMAT 790分（2003年4月），也是ChaseDream走出GMAT 困境区，逻辑区，语法区的曾任版主。

关于Mindfree的Active Reading阅读法，Mindfree并未系统总结，active reading只是见诸于Mindfree的一些回帖当中，为了让大家比较原汁原味地理解active reading，我也并未就此进行任何总结，只是将mindfree 的相关主题与回复集中在一起，供大家参考。

下面是Mindfree关于阅读部分的考后总结：阅读。

自从1998年ETS改机考后，阅读题在题型的比重上有所变化。

原来一篇文章8-9个问题，可能有一道主题题，一道态度题或结构题，其它是细节题。

很多人在阅读时都争取一遍读下来就记住大量的细节，以便应付比重很高的细节题。

机考后，文章的长度变化感觉不大，但每篇文章的题目减少到3-5题。

主题题或态度题几乎还是每篇一道，但是细节题的比重减小。

所以阅读方式也要随之变化。

大家都知道第一段和每一段第一句话的重要性。

在机考中更为重要。

平时练习中，要做到随看随想。

比如说，读了第一段，应该知道作者说了什么，是提出一种现象并解释，还是提出一个观点并举例说明,说明还是提出流行观点然后质疑,并提出新观点。

如果是反驳，反驳的是理论还是支持此理论的事例或实验? 作者对所提出的这些观点抱什么态度。

读懂并记住每段第一句话（或前两句）帮助你明白每一段的中心思想。

在看完第二句和第散句后，就应该知道此段的结构，比如是举例说明作者观点，还是分别驳斥作者反对的理论或是观点。

继续读的过程中，要很快的读细节，能做到读完知道细节是什么，是一个实验，一个人的观点，此人是谁等等。

面试中八大语言禁忌

【尚友制造】面试中八大语言禁忌对于面试，很多人都有这样的一种理解的误区：面试一测外貌；二测口才。

我认为，除特殊行业的特殊要求外，如上两方面是远远不够的。

比如讲究知识型的用人单位，如果也招来那些只有外貌和口才而没有真本领的员工，那就无异于买花瓶了。

现在有很多年轻的求职者自以为外貌和口才资质不错，以为在主考官面前能“对答如流”，便可以捞足“印象分”。

孰料，恰恰是这号人最有可能被我前面所讲的那些用人单位拒之门外。

原因很简单，在知识为上的今天，用人单位根本不会考虑用这种外在轻浮内在无实的人。

也就是说，由于你刻意卖弄自己的口才，没有管好嘴，结果在急于表现自己的同时也充分暴露了自己知识浅薄的弱点，最终还是那张嘴误了你自己。

为此，必须给那些自以为通过门才的表现力来赢得求职者成功的人泼点冷水，同时也给这些人指出如下8种求职的“嘴忌”。

一、“以我为轴”的夸夸其谈面试中对自己经历及能力的表述简明扼要，适可而止，千万不要像像开话匣子般没完没了地夸夸其谈，自吹自擂，甚至主次不分地“以我为主”。

求职者要讲究实在，言简意赅，不可大包大揽地做太多的口头承诺，说得太多了容易引起考官的反感。

考官在面试时往往要求你当场表现自己的才艺，你姑且可以谦虚地一试，但休要还没动手，那张嘴就迫不及待地声称这事没问题，那事很容易。

有夸海口之嫌的话在求职面试场合，一定要慎出。

不错，负责招聘的主考官很注重对你能力的评估，但面试时他更会对你抱着谨慎的态度，意在让你充分展示自己。

这时，如果你想把考官“侃”晕，东拉西扯，尽说些不着边际的话题，甚至大肆吹嘘“关系网”，还自鸣得意，生怕别人不知道，你有多大的能量，那么主考官一定会认为你这个人只会拉大旗做虎皮，浅薄至极，能力也“不过如此”。

夸夸其谈说到底就是想回避问题的实质，因而用不诚实、不坦率的吹捧方式来为自己遮羞。

比如求职者常常被主考官问及为何会失去过去的职业，有些人为了回避正题，便故意顾左右而言他，大谈理想抱负或过去的工作所学非所用；若实在还过不了关，便对过去的工作单位大加痛砭，言下之意就是说原来的工作单位庙太小，容不下他这个大和尚而已。

【尚友制造】大学生职业相关NGO

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【尚友制造】Melody一战740分经验分享

标题：Melody一战740分经验分享尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】为感恩回馈考GMAT给我的帮助，本懒人决定写一篇个人复习心得，一是鼓励后来人，为中国扩张尽一份力，二是实现曾经对几个考友许下的诺言，毕竟食言而肥，我不想长胖。

我觉得我所要告诉你们的不会是看哪些题目，做哪些东西，而是一种思维模式的培养。

本帖主要阐述语文部分。

语文一直都是各个考生提分的难点和重点，很多考生都纠结于逻辑，阅读，语法上的种种问题无法找到正确的出口。

找到这个突破口并不难，不在于做哪一道题，看哪一本书，而在于你怎么想，你想得是不是GMAC也是这么想。

知己知彼，方能做对。

时隔这么久，我还真有点想不起来GMAC的诸多思维模式了。

惭愧。

(此文中GMAC全部被抽象成为一个人，出题的人。

)A 语法通过总结GMAC官方给出的正确答案，你不难发现GMAC给出的答案有很明显的特征，例如：喜欢简洁明了的，不喜欢有歧义的，对于which，as等词汇的考法变来变去就那么几种，还有就是喜欢主语谓语放的不能太远的，修饰不能太过于繁杂的，排比句不能不统一等等。

说来说去，都是要去理解GMAC的出题思路，掌握N多细小的知识点和掌握GMAC的思维模式相比哪个重要？很显然，这个问题不用回答。

在此推荐大家培养出感觉，而不是知识点，你知道吗，很多时候GMAC出的题里面也是有一点点歧义：对于GMAC来说，他可能稍微有点讨厌某些结构，但是对于有些非常讨厌的结构比起来，选择还是很明朗的。

然后你们要问，这种感觉和思维怎么培养？我会说，总结你看到过的正确答案，体会，此处的“体会”代表我帮不了你。

你需要自己去做题完了看正确答案，然后形成你自己对于GMAC这个人的认识。

所形成的认识最后会变成解题要领，正如上段所说，例如：喜欢简洁明了，等等。

顺便，练GWD真题，然后你自己仔细体会，体会完了去看OG确认你的认识是否属实。

【尚友制造】购物在Saint Louis-尚友学院街

标题：购物在Saint Louis·尚友学院街购物中心（Shopping Mall）Saint Louis Galleria Mall: /html/index8.asp 离学校最近的一个shopping mall。

地址是： 1155 Saint Louis Galleria St. Louis, Missouri 63117 (314) 863-5500Chesterfield Mall: /chesterfield/ ，在West County。

地址是： 291 Chesterfield Mall Chesterfield MO 63017 (636) 532 0777Crestwood Plaza: /crestwood/ 地址是： 109 Crestwood Plaza St. Louis MO 63126 (314) 962 2395Plaza Frontenac: /home.asp ,据说是Saint Louis 最高档的shopping mall. 地址是：97 Plaza Frontenac St Louis, MO 63131 (314) 432-6760除了上述的几家Mall之外，Westfield在Saint Louis还有不少的分店，你们可以上它家的网页：/aucentres/ 直接查询。

超市美国的超市挺便利的。

除了我们熟知的Walmart之外，这边还有Schunucks, Target, Walgreens, Diebergs, Aldi，Shop’nsave, Save a lot等美国超市。

中国超市主要分布在Olive街道上，有百利，中央，吉祥等。

中国超市大家经常逛的中国超市主要是百利（Olive Farmer Market）.百利里面买的东西比较全，从调味品到蔬菜到海鲜基本上都可以买到。

美国超市Schnucks先说Schnucks的原因是因为它除了买日常用品之外，还可以买菜。

【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer16

Exercise 16Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following reading passage.One advantage of breeding African bees with otherbee types (Africanization) may be resistance to the para-sitic mite Varroa jacobsoni, a major threat to modernLine beekeeping. In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating5 honeybees and killing many colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers. But in Brazil Varroa jacobsonihas been present in Africanized bees since 1972 withoutthe loss of a single colony, even though beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures. The mites lay eggs10 within the brood cells of immature bees, and developing mites feed on the hemolymph (blood) of bee pupae. But fewer mites reproduce in Africanized bees than inEuropean bees. Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related to the Africanized worker bee's15 shorter development period, which prevents some mites from reaching maturity. Recently the mite has become a serious problem in colonies of European bees in North America. Africanization of these bees may be the best safeguard against this parasite.For the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply1. The author cites all of the following as evidence that Africanized bees' resistance to Varroa jacobsoni issuperior to that of European bees:□A Varroa jacobsoni is killing many bee colonies inEurope.□B Beekeepers in Brazil have not used preven vemeasures to protect their colonies.□C At least some European bee colonies have beensaved by preventive measures.2. Select the sentence that indicates one possible reasonthe Africanized bees in Brazil have successfullyresisted Varroa jacobsoni .3. The author's argument regarding the resistance of Africanized bees to Varroa jacobsoni would bemost weakened if which of the following were true?○A The bees in Brazil were resistant before being Africanized.○B The number of bee colonies in North American increased dramatically whereas the number inBrazil remained unchanged.○C Mites found in European bees reproduce at afaster rate than mites of identical speciesfound in the bees in Brazil.○D Africanized bees retain many of the characteris-tics of European bees.○E Bee colonies in Europe continue to producegreater quantities of honey than do those inBrazil.Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following reading passage.Innovative as it is, Luis Valdez' acto owes much to the theater traditions or other periods and regions. Like early Spanish American religious dramas, secular folk dramas,Line and the Mexican carpas of a somewhat later period, actos 5 are usually performed outdoors by traveling groups of players or by local theater groups. The improvised comic satire of the actos is often attributed to Valdez' study ofthe Italian commedia dell' arte of the sixteenth century, although some critics see it as a direct reflection of the10 comic and improvisational qualities of the more contemporary and local carpas of Mexican theater. The Italian influence is likely, whatever Valdez‘ immediate source: the Mexican carpas themselves are said to have originated from the theater pieces of a sixteenth-century15 Spanish writer inspired by encounters with Italian commedia dell'arte troupes on tour in Spain.4. Which of the following best describes the author's evaluation of the views of the critics?(A) Their views, if correct, do not preclude theexistence of an Italian influence on the acto.(B) Their views are unlikely to be correct, giventhe differences existing between Mexican andMexican American theater.(C) Their views concerning the Mexican carpa are essentially correct, but they lack familiaritywith the acto.(D) Their views are probably more correct than theviews of those who have attributed thecomic and improvisational elements of theacto to earlier sources.(E) Their views betray a lack of familiarity withthe commedia dell'arte.5. Which of the following, if true, most strengthensthe author's argument concerning the debt of theacto to the theater traditions of other periods andregions?(A) Many popular forms of theater rely heavilyon improvisation.(B) Plays resembling the acto in structure werewritten in the 1970's by West Africanplaywrights who are interested in dramatizingthe richness of their own cultures.(C) The use of masks has, at one time or another,been characteristic of the theater traditionsof almost all cultures, even those most isolatedfrom outside influences.(D) During a strike, it is common for union membersto present musical skits dramatizing thevalues of solidarity and resistance.(E) Before 1965 Luis Valdez had attended manyperformances of traditional Mexican theatergroups touring the western United States.阅读1：Q1. 细节定位：哪个证据A蜜蜂比E蜜蜂抵抗寄生虫能力更强？A. 定位L4：“In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating honeybees and killingmany colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers”B. 定位在上句的下一句：“But in Brazil Varroa jacobsoni has been present in Africanized bees since 1972 without the loss of a single colony, even though beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures”C. 表达的意思和题干相反；正确答案AB；Q2. 仔细读题干问的是reason：定位在L13：“Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related tothe Africanized worker bee's shorter development period” 正确答案Q3. 削弱题：一定要仔细看题目中要求削弱的对象是“resistance of Africanized bees to Varroa jacobsoni”，注意不要随意添加新信息并且进行多步推理。

【尚友制造】[GMAT语法] 只有你想不到的as,没有你见不到的as

标题：[GMAT语法]只有你想不到的as，没有你见不到的as尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】几乎告诉你关于AS的所有as、as、as、as，全都是as！接下来是正文：OG12中含有as的句子：5.Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.7.As its sales of computer products have surpassed those of measuring instruments, the company has become increasingly willing to compete for the mass market sales it would in the past have conceded to rivals.13.A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought.14.Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun's poles or equator.ing accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, "the good goddess". 28.Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of other wild and domestic resources.32.Galileo was convinced that natural phenomena, as manifestations of the laws of physics, would appear the same to someone on the deck of a ship moving smoothly and uniformly through the water as to a person standing on land.joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become too ill to serve.51.A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make sense of speech.52.Long before it was fashionable to be an expatriate, Josephine Baker made Paris her home, and she remained in France during the Second World War as a performer and an intelligence agent for the Resistance.53.The nineteenth-century chemist Humphry Davy presented the results of his early experiments in his "Essay on Heat and Light," a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a new chemistry that Davy hoped to found.60.While all states face similar industrial waste problems, the predominating industries and the regulatory environment of each state obviously determine the types and amounts of waste produced, as well as the cost of disposal.61.Rivaling the pyramids of Egypt or even the ancient cities of the Maya as an achievement, the army of terra-cotta warriors created to protect Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperor, in his afterlife is more than 2,000 years old and took 700,000 artisans more than 36 years to complete.64.Doctors generally agree that such factors as cigarette smoking, eating rich foods high in fats, and alcohol consumption not only do damage by themselves but also aggravate genetic predispositions toward certain diseases.65.In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Crops of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.66.The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.72.More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.76.Retailers reported moderate gains in their November sales, as much because their sales a year earlier had been so bad as because shoppers were getting a head start on buying their holiday gifts.82.According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, as it was of earlier generations.84.Often visible as smog, ozone is formed in the atmosphere when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight.85.Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile Delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.89.Dirt roads may evoke the bucolic simplicity of another century, but financially strained townships point out that dirt roads cost twice as much to maintain as paved roads do.95.The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them；the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves".96.One of the primary distinctions between our intelligence and that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill as in our ability to extend knowledge gained in one context to new and different ones.99.Ranked as one of the most important of Europe's young playwrights, Franz Xaver Kroetz has written 40 plays；his works-translated into the more than 30 language-are produced more often than those of any other contemporary German dramatist.102.As rainfall began to decrease in the Southwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the Monument Valley Anasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans whose access to water was less limited.106.Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone；instead, it has become precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.110.Published in Harlem, The Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and Chandler Owen.111.Construction of the Roman Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheater, began in A.D.69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed a decade later, during the reign of Titus, who opened the Colosseum with a one-hundred-day cycle of religious pageants, gladiatorial games, and spectacles.114.The original building and loan associations were organized as limited life funds, whose members made monthly payments on their share subscriptions and then took turns drawing on the funds for home mortgages.125.Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces twice as many apples as it did in 1910.128.Australian embryologists have found evidence to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.135.Spanning more than 50 years, Friedrich Muller's career began in an unpromising apprenticeship as a Sanskrit scholar and culminated in virtually every honor that European governments and learned societies could bestow.138.In no other historical sighting did Halley's Comet cause such a worldwide sensation as in its return of 1910-1911.OG13中含有as的句子（已去重）：1.In a review of 2,000 studies of human behavior that date back to the 1940s, two Swiss psychologists declared that since most of the studies had failed to control for variables such as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously. 15.Many experts regarded the large increase in credit card borrowing in March not as a sigh that households were pressed for cash and forced to borrow, but as a sign that households were confident they could safely handle new debt.38.Bengal-born writer, philosopher, and educator Rabindranath Tagore had the greatest admiration for Mohandas K. Gandhi as a person and as a politician, but Tagore was also skeptical of Gandhi’s form of nationalism and his conservative opinions about India’s cultural traditions.79.Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s knowledge of the literatures of Europe, China, and Japa n was instrumental (有帮助的) in his development as a writer, informing both his literary style and the content of his fiction.107.While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants, the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants make the electricity they generate more expensive.138.Most efforts to combat such mosquito-borne diseases as malaria and dengue (登革热) have focused on either vaccinating (给…注射疫苗) humans or exterminating (消灭，根除) mosquitoes with pesticides.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------按照as出现的形式将以上句子如下几类：一、as单独出现：32.Galileo was convinced that natural phenomena, as manifestations of the laws of physics, would appear the same to someone on the deck of a ship moving smoothly and uniformly through the water as to a person standing on land.52.Long before it was fashionable to be an expatriate, Josephine Baker made Paris her home, and she remained in France during the Second World War as a performer and an intelligence agent for the Resistance.61.Rivaling the pyramids of Egypt or even the ancient cities of the Maya as an achievement, the army of terra-cotta warriors created to protect Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperor, in his afterlife is more than 2,000 years old and took 700,000 artisans more than 36 years to complete.72.More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.108.Authoritative parents are more likely than permissive parents to have children who as adolescents are self-confident, high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.110.Published in Harlem, The Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and Chandler Owen.135.Spanning more than 50 years, Friedrich Muller's career began in an unpromising apprenticeship as a Sanskrit scholar and culminated in virtually every honor that European governments and learned societies could bestow.38.Bengal-born writer, philosopher, and educator Rabindranath Tagore had the greatest admiration for Mohandas K. Gandhi as a person and as a politician, but Tagore was also skeptical of Gandhi’s form of nationalism and his conservative opinions about India’s cultural traditions.79.Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s knowledge of the literatures of Euro pe, China, and Japan was instrumental (有帮助的) in his development as a writer, informing both his literary style and the content of his fiction. （his development as a writer中的development与a writer看起来似乎不对等，但是可以理解）总结：as单独出现时，词性是介词；意思是“作为；是”；其后面是名词性成分，做as介词的宾语；as加上其后的名词成分就是介宾结构，具有介宾结构的一般功能：i）名词修饰语，做名词的后置定语，as前名词与as后名词在一定程度上能够对等：32、38、61、72、79；ii）句子状语成分，说明主语在谓语动作发生时的状态（可以说as之后的名词要和主语对等），意思可以翻译成“作为”：52、108、110、135；一、连词as：7.As its sales of computer products have surpassed those of measuring instruments, the company has become increasingly willing to compete for the mass market sales it would in the past have conceded to rivals.82.According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, as it was of earlier generations.102.As rainfall began to decrease in the Southwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the Monument Valley Anasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans whose access to water was less limited.总结：此时，as的意思可以翻译为：“由于，因为”-7；“正如，如同”-82；“同时，当…的时候，随着”-102；此外，as的意思还可以是“尽管”：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. / Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true.；注意此处与like用法的区分，like后面坚决不能跟SVO，其意思只有像，且不能用于举例；二、the same (…) as:85.Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished atthe same time as the civilizations in the Nile Delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.107.While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants, the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants make the electricity they generate more expensive.总结：the same as…相当于形容词性质的成分，可以作表语，也可以做名词修饰语；意思是“和…一样”；表示一样的两个名词在逻辑上从一定程度上讲可以对等；the same … as…相当于一个名词词组，当然可以做介词宾语；意思是“和…一样的…”；同样，表示一样的两个名词在逻辑上从一定程度上讲可以对等；三、so much as…:96.One of the primary distinctions between our intelligence and that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill as in our ability to extend knowledge gained in one context to new and different ones.总结：这里的as是一个副词，so much…as…的意思是“和…一样程度深”；much后与as后成分要求平行；四、such (…) as…:28.Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of other wild and domestic resources.64.Doctors generally agree that such factors as cigarette smoking, eating rich foods high in fats, and alcohol consumption not only do damage by themselves but also aggravate genetic predispositions toward certain diseases.138.In no other historical sighting did Halley's Comet cause such a worldwide sensation as in its return of 1910-1911.1.In a review of 2,000 studies of human behavior that date back to the 1940s, two Swiss psychologists declared that since most of the studies had failed to control for variables such as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously. 138.Most efforts to combat such mosquito-borne diseases as malaria and dengue (登革热) have focused on either vaccinating (给…注射疫苗) humans or exterminating (消灭，根除) mosquitoes with pesticides.总结：such as表示举例，举例时坚决不能用like；被举例的名词可以在such as前，也可以在such与as中间；举例的内容要能够说明被举例的名词包含的个体；五、as a result:51.A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make sense of speech.总结：as a result是一个介宾结构，意思是“结果是，结果”；在句子中做状语成分；as a result of…也是一个介宾结构，意思不是为了说明结果，恰恰相反是表明原因；六、act as…:65.In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Crops of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.总结：act as的意思是“充当；担任…的角色”；从语法上讲，as是介词，as与其后的名词一起构成介宾结构，做谓语的修饰成分，相当于副词；七、rank as…:5.Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.总结：rank as的意思是“列为”；从语法上讲，as是介词，as与其后的名词一起构成介宾结构，做谓语的修饰成分，相当于副词；八、evolve as…:128.Australian embryologists have found evidence to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.总结：evolve as…的意思是“进化成…”；从语法上讲，as是介词，as与其后的名词一起构成介宾结构，做谓语的修饰成分，相当于副词；九、conceiv e of…as…:106.Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone；instead, it has become precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.总结：conceive of…as…的意思是“认为…是…”；从语法上讲，as和后面的名词一起构成介宾结构，可以说是修饰conceive of 的宾语，看做宾语的补语；十、regard…as…:15.Many experts regarded the large increase in credit card borrowing in March not as a sigh that households were pressed for cash and forced to borrow, but as a sign that households were confident they could safely handle new debt.总结：regard…as…的意思是“认为…是…”；从语法上讲，as和后面的名词一起构成介宾结构，可以说是修饰regard的宾语，看做宾语的补语；十一、be…as…:14.Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun's poles or equator.114.The original building and loan associations were organized as limited life funds, whose members made monthly payments on their share subscriptions and then took turns drawing on the funds for home mortgages.95.The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them；the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves".111.Construction of the Roman Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheater, began in A.D.69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed a decade later, during the reign of Titus, who opened the Colosseum with a one-hundred-day cycle of religious pageants, gladiatorial games, and spectacles.总结：表语成分可以是形容词或动词过去分词；要求as后面的名词和主语对等；as和其后名词一起构成介宾结构，做表语的补语成分；十二、过去分词+as/形容词+as：36.Dressed as a man and using the name Robert Shurtleff, Deborah Sampson, the first woman to draw a soldier's pension, joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become too ill to serve.84.Often visible as smog, ozone is formed in the atmosphere when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, two major pollutants emitted by automobiles, react with sunlight.99.Ranked as one of the most important of Europe's young playwrights, Franz Xaver Kroetz has written 40 plays；hisdramatist.66.The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.总结：两种形式都是名词修饰成分，出现在句首时，修饰其后的句子主语，注意这时需要逻辑判断，看看句子主语和之前的修饰成分是否搭配；出现在句中时，做名词的后置定语；十三、as well as…:53.The nineteenth-century chemist Humphry Davy presented the results of his early experiments in his "Essay on Heat and Light," a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a new chemistry that Davy hoped to found. 60.While all states face similar industrial waste problems, the predominating industries and the regulatory environment of each state obviously determine the types and amounts of waste produced, as well as the cost of disposal.总结：as well as…出现时有两种情况：当其前没有逗号，直接跟在名词后时，其用法无异于and，就是一个并列连词，并列连接两个名词成分，其前、后成分在逻辑层次上相同，具有同等地位；当其前有逗号隔开时，前面通常出现and引导的一系列并列，与之前那种情况的区别在于，强调的重点在于其前成分，其后成分在逻辑上低一个层次，是对之前一系列并列的补充；-----------还有最关键的as...as比较结构还没有彻底搞清楚，待补充吧~~~一、as…as…/as much…as…:13.A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought (it would be).ing accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, "the good goddess". 125.Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces twice as many apples as it did in 1910.89.Dirt roads may evoke the bucolic simplicity of another century, but financially strained townships point out that dirt roads cost twice as much to maintain as paved roads do. 注意：这个句子中没有as much…as…的结构76.Retailers reported moderate gains in their November sales, as much because their sales a year earlier had been so bad as because shoppers were getting a head start on buying their holiday gifts.总结：注意两个as的词性，前一个as是副词，表示“一样地”；后一个as是连接词conjunction（连接词指的是“用来连接词、词组、从句或句子的词”），第二个as后跟随的成分可以是名词或从句；as A as B的意思是“像B一样地A”，as much A as B的意思是“A同B一样程度深”；从语法上讲，分两种情况讨论：1）B的主要成分不是句子：或者说A不充当宾语、表语成分等，此时，要求A/B行对等，且A为两个句子的公共部分（感觉很像“定语从句中，先行词在从句中充当成分”）题目中时常伴有省略现象（B中的谓语动词与A中的相同，可以省略，但要补出助动词）；as much…as…就是上述1）的一种情况；以上情况的划分依据的本质是“根据所要表达的意思来选择合适的结构”：比如07PREP中的一句话：Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendants, popularly known as killer bees, had migrated asfar northassouthern Texas.这个结构的意思是“像德州南部一样地向北”，结构中A就是far north，B就是southern Texas，B的主要成分不是句子，A/B对等平行，完全正确；如果句子变成“…had migrated as far north as the other kind of bee had migrated.”，此时，这个结构的意思就是“像另外一种蜜蜂迁徙地一样向北”，结构中A依然是far north，B则是the other kind of bee had migrated，B的主要成分是句子，B与A之前的句子平行对等，且A在前后两个句子中都充当状语成分；在实战中，可以通过这样的步骤来处理as A as B：i）判断A在之前句子中充当的成分，主要看是不是宾语或者表语，从而确定是上述1）或2）中的哪种情况；ii）根据判断出的情况所应满足的要求来判断选项是否正确：如果是1），直接要求A/B平行对等（逻辑上的要求）；如果是2），检查A之前句子和B中句子是否结构平行一致，且A是否在其之前句子和B中句子中都充当成分；iii）如有省略，检查助动词补出是否正确；二、so (…) as to…: 这个结构OG中没出现过，在prep中出现过174. Often major economic shifts are so gradual as to be indistinguishable at first from ordinary fluctuations in the financial markets.总结：so…as to…的意思可以翻译成“太…以至于…”；其中as是连接词，表示结果；GMAT备考专区：/forum-34-1.htmlGMAT机经专区：/forum-22-1.htmlGMAT资料下载区：/forum-197-1.htmlGMAT备考微信号：GMAT800微信二维码扫一扫GMAT备考宝典：/html/topic/gmat/bzbd.htmlGMAT活动讲座精华汇总：/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=34&filter=typeid&typeid=658。

【尚友制造】佐治亚理工学院(Georgia Tech)衣食住行-尚友学院街

标题：佐治亚理工学院(Georgia Tech)衣食住行·尚友学院街衣食住行住Tech地处Midtown，虽说不上是寸土寸金的地段，但在这附近住得比较贵并不奇怪。

学校提供给研究生的宿舍共有两处，一是GLC(Graduate Living Center)，二是HAA (Hemphill Ave. Apartment)。

我们建议新生第一年尽量住在这些宿舍里。

这两处都是1996年奥运会时的运动员宿舍，相对来说装修比较好，设施也齐全方便，比起校外的房子，贵是贵了一些，但可以省下无数的麻烦。

这里历年老生的经验之谈，就是多费些钱来躲开不必要的麻烦，通常要比省下钱然后硬着头皮对付那些麻烦划算得多。

尤其对于刚来到美国的新生来说，最重要的事情是尽快适应这里陌生的语言和文化环境，适应紧张的学习和研究生活。

在学校里住上一年，适应了这里的生活，而且对学校附近情况都比较熟悉了，再搬出去也不迟。

上面说过十街是Tech校园的北边界。

十街和十四街之间的一大块地方通常叫做Home park，是大批Tech学生聚居的地方。

这里的房子因为不是校内的宿舍，没有统一的装修管理，房子的质量和租金上下差别很大。

从最便宜的200多美金但只能在客厅打地铺，到600多美金享受比校内宿舍更舒适的居住环境都有。

多数人满足于300到400 之间的房价，但要是加上水，电，气，电话等乱七八糟的费用，较多的时候每月也许也需要100 多，所以对许多人来说还不如住在学校里，交完一笔钱就什么也不用管来得舒服省心。

当然，Homepark的便宜房子有不少比较老旧。

离Midtown远一些的地方，同样的价钱往往可以租到好得多的房子。

所以有了车之后可以考虑搬到远一点的地方住。

不过这也要看各人习惯和喜好。

有不少人搬到离学校二三十迈(英里)外的地方，住上最多一年，就又搬回学校附近来了，因为每天开那么远的路上学回家实在是很烦人的一件事，尤其大家的功课和研究工作常常本来就很烦，要是再多碰上几次交通堵塞什么的，对居住环境不那么挑剔的人便会觉得，在学校附近住破房子其实也没什么不好...:)对于还在国内的新生来说，在来美国之前首先要做好一个心理准备，就是不要对这里的生活质量抱太高的期望。

【尚友制造】GMAT说说那些阅读后面的历史文化背景之 The Great Migration

标题：GMAT说说那些阅读后面的历史文化背景之The Great Migration尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】在GMAT的阅读考试中，经常会涉及到一些欧美的历史文化背景知识，比如说罗斯福新政，马歇尔计划，女权、工会等等，而中国考生往往因为对这些背景知识不甚熟悉而吃亏。

因此，从今天开始，我决定做一个系列贴，每周为大家解析一个历史文化背景知识，让大家对这些文化背景有个大概的认识。

好！以我可爱的逻辑版为基地，shadow入侵阅读版的计划全面启动～（Adela斑斑不要pia飞我...)今天我们就从The Great Migration（大迁徙）讲起。

这个背景知识对应的题目为OG12的第六篇阅读。

The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million blacks out of the S outhern United States to the Northeast, Midwest and west from 1910 to 1930.（What is The Great Migration）Some historians differentiate between a First Great Migration (1910–30), numbering about 1.6 million migrants, and a Second Great Migration(1940 to1970), in which 5 million or more people moved and to a wider variety ofdestinations.（细节出现）From 1965–70, 14 states of the South, especially Alabama, Louisana and Missipi, contributed toa large net migration of blacks tothe other three cultural (and census-designated) regions of theUnited States. By the end of the Second GreatMigration, African Americans had become an urbanized population.（主要群体出现：African Americans）More than 80 percent lived in cities. Fifty-three percent remained inthe South, while 40 percent lived in the North and 7 percent in the West. （交代African America的分布情况）A reverse migration has gathered strength since 1965, dubbed the New Great Migration, the term for demographic changes from 1965 to the present which are areversal of the previous 35-year trend of black migration withinthe United States. （注：reverse migration逆向迁徙，这个也是需要注意的细节。

【尚友制造】关于enough to 与so as to so that 的区别的讨论

标题：关于enough to 与so as to、so that 的区别的讨论尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】做笔考真题55的时候，发现了一个题的正确选项居然是enough to，甚为奇怪，以前从未注意，在大全中一搜，发现oG88就出现了这个考点。

但说的不清楚。

我把大全中所有enough to和so as to、so that 区分的题目搜出来，自己感觉区别是这样的enough to do放在动词，或形容此后面表示有足够的程度来达到什么目的而so as to、so that 引导状语从句来表so怎么样所带来的结果请教牛牛们是否正确！！下面是我搜出来的题目Enough to 与so as to 区别1．V＋Enough to do 做adv修饰动词，放在动词后面，表其程度足够来如何如何，而so as to、so that 表程度足够引起的结果划线考点笔考真题55－2Consumer confidence levels, which many economists consider an early indication of the economy’s direction, sagged as the stock market tumbled, but not dramatically enough for giving a clear picture of new spending patterns.(A) tumbled, but not dramatically enough for giving(B) tumbled, but not dramatically enough to give(C) tumbled, and not so dramatically as to have given(D) has tumbled, and not dramatically enough to give(E) has tumbled, but not so dramatically as to givebOg47. Displays of the aurora borealis, or "northern lights," can heat the atmosphere over the arcticenough to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce electric currents that can cause blackouts in some areas and corrosion in north-south pipelines.(A)to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce(B)that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected, induce(C) that it affects the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induces(D) that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected and induces(E) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles and induce给北极上大气层足够的加热来影响。

【尚友制造】Avantasiad 的考点总结之时态

标题：Avantasiad 的考点总结之时态尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】时态1.at that time + 一般过去时; within the past few year+现在完成时2.有before+过去时间不一定就加过去完成时, 应该从逻辑上面判断时态.3.具体时间状语出现(尤其是封闭的时间段), 基本上只可用一般过去时, OG203: has occurred between 1982and 1987 x “since the period of time covered began and ended in the past, the verb should in一般过去时.4.把两个时态换成一个, 会造成逻辑顺序的不清晰(把”过去完成时+过去时”换成”过去时”), OG32AB.5.现在完成时包含对现在影响的含义, 不可轻易换成过去式; 现在完成时强调的过去一直到现在, 但不表示对将来有任何暗示, 不同于一般现在时, OG88BC(同时应该注意未划线部分的提示), 同理OG77DE, OG213D.6. 现在完成时和一般过去时应该都可以连用in the last year, 不过现在完成时表示和现在有联系, 一般过去时表示和现在无联系; whithin/ during/ over/ in+the past/ last/ recent+时间短语, 这样的形式通通用完成时, 主要看那个the在不在, "Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now; 但是这不意味着有了the就一定用完成时, 大全968.7. 现在完成时的谓语, 前面不能是现在完成时或者过去时的主语, OG30AB.8. 主句的谓语动词如果是过去时态, 而间接引语是客观事实或说话人认为是事实时, 或者统计数据和科研成果, 或者政府决策的时候, 间接引语谓语动词应用一般现在时, 例如:OG147. At a recent session, the French government decided that (Paris needs a second, larger opera house to complement the famous Paris Opera).大全99. Although the manager agreed to a more flexible work schedule, he said that (it must be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor will know what everyone) is assigned to do.但是除了上述情况外, 一般都是动词是过去时, 则宾语从句要是过去时.9. We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with time expressions such as "yesterday," "one year ago," "last week," "when I was a chlid," "when I lived in Japan," "at that moment," "that day" or "one day." We CAN use the Present Perfect with expressions like "ever," "never," "once," "many times," "several times," "before," "so far," "already" and "yet."; Sometimes we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. Expressions such as "in the last week," "in the last year," "this week," "this month," "so far" and "up to now" can be used to narrow the time we are looking in for an experience; Unlike the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.10. 从句不可用将来时: No Future in Time Clauses: Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with "when", "while", "before", "after", "by the time," "as soon as," "if" and "unless."Eg. When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner xI already told Mark that when he would arrive, we would go out for dinner. x11. 条件从句(分为真实条件句和非真实条件句)1三种用法:a. if x happens, y will happen, 主将从现, OG37.b. if x heppens, y happen, 表达对一般事实的推测, OG46.c. If it were表示虚拟的语气, 后面用could/ would.2在真实条件句中不用would用should, OG73B的解释中说明这是因为避免和虚拟语气重复.3unless引导的也是条件从句, 不可以在从句中出现将来时, OG146B.4would用法: 情态动词, 主要针对would和should, 用法分为情态动词的用法和非情态动词用法, 例如: If I were you, I would choose that one, 这里的would没有任何含意, 只是表达一种不确定的可能性, 是一种虚拟语气, 即非真实性条件句, 但是OG73中的would就是一种情态动词的意义, refer to a promised but uncertain future event.12. 在没有十分的把握的情况下(除非逻辑意思需要或者有明显的主从关系), 小心使用过去完成时, OG80, 完成时的问题相当复杂, 句中一定要有时间提示或者动词关系提示, 否则不能选.13. 大全497. Many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries ago, the mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries.(D) The mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries, many of which are chiseled from solid rock centuries ago.(E) The mountainous regions of northern Ethiopia are dotted with hundreds of monasteries, many of them chiseled from solid rock centuries agoD的时态不对, 后面有明显的时间状语提示, 独立结构可以绕过这个缺点.14. can不可以用在过去时中, 要变成could.15.出现ago, 由于表示过去具体时间, 最好不搭配完成时, 大全110AE.16.当选项中有些涉及时态, 有些不涉及的时候, 小心时态有问题, OG198.17.大全267. During the nineteenth century Emily Eden and Fanny Parks journeyed throughout India, sketchingand keeping journals forming the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had visited.(A) forming the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had(B) that were forming the basis of news reports about the princely states(C) to form the basis of news reports about the princely states which they have(D) which had formed the basis of news reports about the princely states where they had（E）(E) that formed the basis of news reports about the princely states they不要迷信原句的完成时, 体会不用完成时had visted, 这里的动词是journeyed, visted不能在它前面, 这两个动作都发生在过去, 没有明显的逻辑和时间先后. 另外体会这里不用不定式, 信息层次改变.18.since出现在主句中, 必须用完成时, 但是如果出现在分词的伴随结构中, 如OG259, 大全127, 用分词直接可以表示完成的意思(OG53CE, 这里也是用分词而不用名词的一个重要原因); 绝对不可以用having done 的后置修饰结构, 因为分词已经表达了完成时的意思19.and也可以表达一种先后顺序, 不过更多的表示在一个特定时间内的动作, 不像过去完成时强调不同时间的先后顺序, OG120AC和大全267AE的对比说明了过去完成时不可以随便使用.20.不是说有了过去时就可以用过去完成时, 关键看有没有逻辑顺序和时间关系在里面, OG17AEGMAT备考专区：/forum-34-1.htmlGMAT机经专区：/forum-22-1.htmlGMAT资料下载区：/forum-197-1.htmlGMAT备考微信号：GMAT800微信二维码扫一扫GMAT备考宝典：/html/topic/gmat/bzbd.htmlGMAT活动讲座精华汇总：/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=34&filter=typeid&typeid=658。

【尚友制造】世界500强那些高官的简历(第一辑)

Charles worked for Tandy Corporation as managing director for its Eu ropean Memorex consumer product division (Memtek International) and served as director of finance for its international operations. He also spent more than 10 years with Ernst & Young.

Mike joined Walmart in 1995, and began to lead the logistics, distribution and administration divisions as well as Walmart U.S. From 2005 to February 2009, Mike served as vice chairman of the company, with responsibility for Walmart International.

Mike serves on the board of directors of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the board of directors of The Consumer Goods Forum, the executive committee of Business Roundtable and is on the executive board of Conservation International's Center for Environment Leadership in Business. He also serves on the board of advisors for the University of Arkansas and the advisory board of the Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management in Beijing, China.

【尚友制造】OG12阅读点评三十六至四十

【尚友制造】OG12阅读点评36~40提示：文中题目前面的背景色，对应该题目在文章中涉及的内容。

其中背景色中的红色字体为解题关键字。

题目中的蓝色背景色为解析题目的重点词语。

Passage36investment in service&inproduction and distribution“the truth”in lines13the regional bank的the level of customer inertia in the consumer bankingthe bank managers没有考虑到的问题only merit of the improvement was that it could easily bedescribed to customers.225.The primary purpose of the passage is to(A)contrast possible outcomes of a type of business investment(B)suggest more careful evaluation of a type of business investment(C)illustrate various ways in which a type of business investment could fail to enhance revenues(D)trace the general problems of a company to a certain type of business investment(E)criticize the way in which managers tend to analyze the costs and benefits of business investments答案：B解析：文章主旨题文章的前两句（lines1-3）指出，公司尝试提供一流的服务，但是并不能提高自己的竞争优势，在服务投资的同时也需要考虑一些其它方面的能够提高公司竞争力的方法。

【尚友制造】深入外企----法资企业篇

【尚友制造】深入外企----法资企业篇
目录
一、法资企业概述...........................................................................................................................2 1.1 法国企业在中国占主导地位的领域...............................................................................2 1.2 法企人才需求 ..................................................................................................................2 1.3 法资企业待遇福利...........................................................................................................2
1.1 法国企业在中国占主导地位的领域
1．零售领域，家乐福集团在中国广泛设店，目前已开超市 36 家，2002 年营业额已达 14 亿欧元。出家乐福以外，“春天”，“殴尚”在上海也设有店面。
2．环境工业领域。法国在这一领域拥有专有技术，而在水处理领域堪称专家的里昂水务公司和威望迪环境公司以及拥有特殊技术的中小企业是这一专有技术得以传播。
1.2 法企人才需求
一般的，法企需要中国员工的原因常常是这个企业在中国有着广泛的市场。因此，了解法国文化和思维模式的人，跨文化沟通能力强的人备受企业的青睐。如何理解领会管理层的期望，并能预见其需求，如何能使领导层理解中国现状，成为法企内的中国员工需要迫切面对的问题。这时法语就成了优势。虽然大多数的法企官方语言都是英语，但法语作为法国人的母语，在准确表达一个意思的时候，英语的翻译往往不如他们用法语那样贴切。当然，并不是说不懂法语就不行，英语作为国际官方语言用途是更广阔的，只是同等条件下，多懂法语自然会显得具有比较优势。除此之外，法企和其它大多数企业一样，仍然看中人才的沟通能力，分析总结能力，组织能力，协调能力，团队协作精神等等，同样对人才的主动性，创意性，诚信度和忠诚度有着较高的要求。

【尚友制造】一点体会,希望给努力中的同学一点信心和希望吧

标题：一点体会，希望给努力中的同学一点信心和希望吧尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】考完了好长的时间了，才静下心来写一点东西，经验教训不敢讲，只不过是自己在复习过程中的一点体会。

希望辩证的看待，有帮助最好，没有帮助的话就权当帮您放松心情了。

其实GMAT考的不仅仅是知识和能力，考的也是一种心态和一种寂寞。

其实心态在整个复习中起着一个非常重要的作用。

心态的稳定与否完全会影响分数波动100分+。

感觉还是要以题为基础的，脱离了题，讲再多的什么方法啊或者是什么规律啊，都是纸上谈兵，没有实战意义的。

毛主席思想博大精深。

毛主席高瞻远瞩的为我们指出真理要从实践中来，然后要到实践中去，这样才实现了认识的两次飞跃。

这个真理应用在GMAT的复习中再恰当不过了。

尤其是语法，大量的做题之后，比如说OG11+小紫+OG12，完全可以把ETS的出题套路和经常考点总结个差不多，接下来就要把这些总结的东东重新落实到每一道题的每一个选项中去。

然后在这个落实的过程中培养与ETS的默契，比如说在相对性错误中，ETS对哪种错误的忍耐力更多一点，而更愿意把哪种错误看做是绝对性错误。

有了这种感觉和经验，再加上PREP 语法笔记的深入浅出的讲解，语法的基本框架就算是建立好了。

但是做题的感觉还是要保持的，每天做一定的新题，然后再把做过的题重新用脑子过一遍，哪个选项为什么错。

至于GWD，这个题我感觉还是有些难度的。

个别问题还有待CD上的NN去进一步确认吧。

在整个逻辑的复习过程中，就没清醒过。

其实逻辑感觉到有质的提高是在背机经的时候（感谢机经整理的同学），在复习的时候就基本能把逻辑链整理出来，但是就是不知道答案的方向在哪里，于是在背机经的时候就侧重分析了一下答案的套路。

慢慢的发现逻辑的答案方向也就那么几种。

但是由于时间没有太多了，也没有在纵向的整理，思路就散散的扔在每个题旁了。

【尚友制造】GMAT770,我只想说天道酬勤

GMAT770，我只想说天道酬勤尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】我认为阅读能力是很关键的。

中国考生之所以觉得GMAT的语文部分难，并不是所谓的‘思维方式’不如人，而是看不太懂而只好透过残缺的信息来猜答案。

举例来说，逻辑题如果做错了，事后你仔细读懂每个选项，往往就能想通了。

即使有些选项有迷惑性，只要你读得懂你就能比选项，答案是很容易得出来的，在读懂题的基础上运用老管的那套思维方式才能得心应手。

如果你阅读没什么问题，我想系统会对复习起到很大的帮助。

首先必须找出自己的弱点。

我在线练了几套GWD，发现最薄弱是语法。

语法是可以通过做题提高的，但是关键是一定要总结并理解。

我是做GWD，每做完一套我都要细细分析，听讨论录音，明白答案的道理。

有时候感觉解释不合理，就一定要找出合理的解释。

大家一定要充分利用网站上的资料，特别是模考系统和在线答疑，真的是非常有用的。

无论什么辅导书也比不上过去的真题，而如果找不出答案做题是没有意义的。

今天一点钟在香港考的GMAT, Q50，42 总分770.能够在这么短的时间里取得满意的成绩，真的给了我很大的帮助，所以考完来写写经验感想，希望能对大家的复习有所帮助。

先说说我的GMAT复习过程吧。

我放暑假回家时决定的要考G，报了一个强化班，一口气听完了四天的录音开始练题，但之前对GMAT一无所知。

后来拖拖拉拉，真正复习的时间其实也就15，6天。

同时说说我的背景：大一是在国内读的，在英国读了大二大三，算是一个小海龟。

大家可能觉得我的情况不具有可比性，但是这种背景更能让我体会到GMAT复习最重要的能力点，我想只要大家可以明确努力的方向，复习起来是可以事半功倍的。

复习GMAT，我认为阅读能力是很关键的。

中国考生之所以觉得GMAT的语文部分难，并不是所谓的‘思维方式’不如人，而是看不太懂而只好透过残缺的信息来猜答案。

【尚友制造】材料关系、训练方法、作题速度

标题：材料关系、训练方法、作题速度尚友论坛【GMAT专区】【尚友学堂GMAT公开课】【GMAT机经专区】【GMAT资料下载区】【GMAT黄历查询】大家在准备GMAT的时候, 往往最头痛的就是reading comprehension. 问题特别多, 提高特别慢. 这里借花献佛, 翻了前辈们的帖子,先列举常见问题:本贴结构：6个部分：1. 关于RC的材料和关系2. 关于阅读方法3. 关于解题步奏4. 关于考试和模考5. 小安的回答问题小汇总6. GMAT 780高手tianwan的练习方法说明1. 关于RC的材料和关系Q: 一般用什么资料练习阅读?A: OG; GMAT阅读117篇(同OG有重复, 对照请见本区置顶贴); 下载请见:/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=20999Gemj大侠给总结的2772里面都有.上机练习有PP2 Review for GRE, PP3Review for GMAT软件。

在下载区都可以找到：/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=20933&page=1Q:和真考阅读环境相似的东东?A: /dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=23559&page=6Q: PP2 包括在2772 吗？PP3呐?A: 对，同时每个题目后面包含答案. PP3都是GMAT的OG里面的题目Q: 请问“花儿的pp2阅读分析”在哪里找得到？A: /dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=42042&page=1PP2 REVIEW中包括了花儿的阅读分析与忍者神鸭的PP2长/短文翻译。

补充: 花儿的讲解=> /dispbbs.asp?BoardID=25&ID=3217Q: 请问新东方补充材料是什么？A: 就是新东方白皮书, 其中有30篇文章, 全部收录在杨继阅读精解(就是大全2772里面的gmat阅读新题63篇)里面. 是新东方用于讲课的老题,在大全都已经全部收录.也有新东方老五册的说法-老五册在下载区有下载./dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=42906&page=2Q: 请问《最全的GMAT阅读资料》中，GMAT补充22篇是什么？17篇OG新增题是什么？OG里没有的吗？还有什么叫NO题，什么叫考古题啊？请指点一下A: 考古题就是比较老的题目。

上海尚友科技有限公司介绍企业发展分析报告

Enterprise Development专业品质权威Analysis Report企业发展分析报告上海尚友科技有限公司免责声明:本报告通过对该企业公开数据进行分析生成，并不完全代表我方对该企业的意见，如有错误请及时联系;本报告出于对企业发展研究目的产生，仅供参考，在任何情况下，使用本报告所引起的一切后果，我方不承担任何责任:本报告不得用于一切商业用途，如需引用或合作，请与我方联系:上海尚友科技有限公司1企业发展分析结果1.1 企业发展指数得分企业发展指数得分上海尚友科技有限公司综合得分说明：企业发展指数根据企业规模、企业创新、企业风险、企业活力四个维度对企业发展情况进行评价。

该企业的综合评价得分需要您得到该公司授权后，我们将协助您分析给出。

1.2 企业画像类别内容行业软件和信息技术服务业-软件开发资质增值税一般纳税人产品服务术服务、技术开发、技术咨询、技术交流、技1.3 发展历程2工商2.1工商信息2.2工商变更2.3股东结构2.4主要人员2.5分支机构2.6对外投资2.7企业年报2.8股权出质2.9动产抵押2.10司法协助2.11清算2.12注销3投融资3.1融资历史3.2投资事件3.3核心团队3.4企业业务4企业信用4.1企业信用4.2行政许可-工商局4.3行政处罚-信用中国4.5税务评级4.6税务处罚4.7经营异常4.8经营异常-工商局4.9采购不良行为4.10产品抽查4.12欠税公告4.13环保处罚4.14被执行人5司法文书5.1法律诉讼（当事人）5.2法律诉讼（相关人）5.3开庭公告5.4被执行人5.5法院公告5.6破产暂无破产数据6企业资质6.1资质许可6.2人员资质6.3产品许可6.4特殊许可7知识产权7.1商标7.2专利7.3软件著作权7.4作品著作权7.5网站备案7.6应用APP7.7微信公众号8招标中标8.1政府招标8.2政府中标8.3央企招标8.4央企中标9标准9.1国家标准9.2行业标准9.3团体标准9.4地方标准10成果奖励10.1国家奖励10.2省部奖励10.3社会奖励10.4科技成果11 土地11.1大块土地出让11.2出让公告11.3土地抵押11.4地块公示11.5大企业购地11.6土地出租11.7土地结果11.8土地转让12基金12.1国家自然基金12.2国家自然基金成果12.3国家社科基金13招聘13.1招聘信息感谢阅读:感谢您耐心地阅读这份企业调查分析报告。