【5】2 The Tragedy of Dr Faustus 浮士德的悲剧
浮士德博士的悲剧（ThetragedyofDr.Faustus）
浮士德博士的悲剧（The tragedy of Dr. Faustus）作者：克里斯托夫·马洛（Christopher Marlowe）剧本。
英国马洛作于1588年。
浮士德博士为追求无限的知识以征服自然，毅然叛离上帝，以自己的灵魂换取役使魔鬼二十四年的权利，期满后被魔鬼劫往地狱。
《浮士德博士的悲剧》是马洛最杰出的作品之一。
它是根据新译成英国的德国民间故事书而写成的，叙述浮士德把灵魂卖给魔鬼，魔鬼供他驱使二十四年，到期他的灵魂被魔鬼劫往地狱的故事。
在这部作品里，作者肯定知识是一切力量中最伟大的力量。
有了知识就可以获得财富，就能探出“所有外国君主的秘密”，就能“用一道铜墙把德国围起”，“让学生们能穿上绸锻衣服”，一句话，能征服自然，实现社会理想。
但是要获得知识首先必须和宗教蒙昧主义进行顽强的斗争。
浮士德的悲剧反映了人文主义者最终未能从宗教中解放出来的历史真实情况。
节选：就是这张脸使千帆齐发把伊利安的巍巍城楼烧成灰的么？甜蜜的海伦，你一吻就使我永生看，她的嘴唇吸走了我的灵魂！来，海伦，还我的灵魂来我住下了，天堂就在你的唇上！凡不是海伦身上的，全是粪土我来做帕里斯吧，为了对你的爱让维登堡代替特洛伊遭受毁灭把你的旗帜插上我的盔顶对，我将刺穿阿基里斯的脚跟然后回身求海伦赏赐一吻啊，你比黄昏更美尽管它披带了一千颗美丽的星你的光辉胜过朱庇特虽然他身上的火焰曾经毁了西密丽你比这天上的君王更可爱纵使他躺在阿丽苏撒的浪荡怀抱只有你，才配做我的情妇！作品介绍：Dr.Faustus is the greatest of Marlove's plays,in which the old German legend is freely reshaped.Faustus is a great scholar who has a stong desire to acquire all kinds of knowledge.He is bored of his present study on the academic curriculum and turn to black magic.By conjuration he calls up Mephistophilis,the Devil's servant.Faustus makes a bond to sell his soul to the Devil in return for twenty-four years of life in which he may have the services of Mephistophilis to give him everything he desires.With the help of the Devil,Faustus brings his magical art into full play,meanwhile Faustus has experienced much internal conflict,symbolized in the appearances of both Good Angel and Bad Angel.In the final scene,there remains only the terrifying soliloquy in which the anguish of the hero's mind is poignantly pressed.克里斯托夫马洛的最伟大的代表作是《浮士德博士的悲剧》，它的故事取材于德国传奇，浮士德是一位伟大的学者，渴求各方领域的知识。
英国文学简史练习
英国文学简史练习材料一．填空Fill the following blanks with proper information.1．"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus"（浮士德博士的悲剧）is one of ____'s best plays. 2．_____ wrote his masterpiece "The Pilgrim's Progress"（天路历程）during his second imprisonment.3.The Preface to ____ by Wordsworth and Coleridge served as the manifesto of ________.4. In the last adventure, Gulliver came to a country where ________ were possessed of reason while ________ were brute beasts.5. Hamlet’s weakness which leads to his final trag ic fall is ________.6. “Read nor to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted” is one of the epigrams found in Bacon’s “________________”.7. “ O, wind, / If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” is a famous line in Shelley’s “______________”.8. “He has a servant called Friday.” “He” in the quoted sentence is a Character in Defoe’s “____________________”.9. The poem “Auld Lang Syne” was written by the Scottish poet ________________10. William Blake’s The Little Black Boy is taken from a book of poem published at the end of the century, between 1789 and 1794. It is one of a group called Song of ___________.11. Many of Robert Burns’ poems are based on ________ songs and ballads. By using a burden or a chorus from an old song, Burns provides the poems with a higher thematic and artistic effect.12. In the play, “Othello”, written by ________,Othello was innocent of the slightest wrong doing.13. “To be or not to be, that is the question:” This quotation is from William Shakespeare’s play “__________”.14. As a leading Romanticist, G. Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the _________, a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.15. ____________, the full title being The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling,is considered as Henry Fielding’s masterpiece.16. D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical novel is entitled _____________.17. _____________ is often taken as William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece.18. “______________” is the most popular of F. Bacon’s 58 essays. It analy ses what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and have studies exert influence over human character.19. The publication of “______________” by W. Wordsworth and S. T. Coleridge in 1798 is often taken as the formal beginning of Romanticism.20. John Bunyan was imprisoned again in 1675. It was during this second term in prison that he wrote ____________, which was published in 1678 after his release.21. W. Wordsworth is regarded as a “______________”. He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature.22. P. C. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama, “_______________”(1820). According to the Greek mythology, Prometheus, the champion of humanity, who has stolen the fire from the heaven, is published by Zeus to be chained on Mount Caucasus and suffers the vulture’s feeding on his liver.23. In Pride and Prejudice the misunderstanding happens between _________ and _________. 二．判断Decide whether the following statements are true or false.1．The English people were the first residents in England.2. Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.3. After the Roman Conquest, the English language developed very quickly.4. Christianity was not introduced to England until after the English Conquest.5. The Norman Conquest marked the rise of feudalism in England.6. Paradise Lost took its material from Greek mythology.7. William Burns wrote two volumes of poems:” The Songs of Innocence” and “The Songs of Experience”.8. In the first part of“Gulliver’s Travels”, the hero is cast upon the shore of the island of Lilliput.9. John Bunyan’s masterpiece, “The Pilgrim’s Progress” is an allegory, a nar rative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.10. In the 18th century English literature, satire is much used in writing. English literature of this age produced a distinguished satirist Jonathan Swift.11. Robert Burns wrote two volumes of poems: "The Songs of Innocence" and “The Songs of Experience”.12. Swift’s masterpiece is “Robinson Crusoe” which contains three parts.13. In the 18th century, novel writing made a great advance. The main characters in the novel were no longer common people, but the kings and nobles.14. Another good example of Swift's satire is his novel: A Modest Proposal.15. Blank verse was most widely used in the history of English poetry and drama up to the twentieth century.16. In the 18th century, satire is much used in writing, English literature of this age produced a distinguished satirist Defoe.17. Robinson Crusoe was actually based on a real fact.18. W. Shakespeare once was an actor.19. J. Milton was greatly influenced by Bible throughout his life.20. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day” is a line from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18.21. G. Chaucer did much in making the London dialect the foundation for the Modern English language.22. The Faerie Queene was a long poem written by E. Spenser.23. J. Donne was the founder of the metaphysical poetry.24. Tom Jones, a novel which contains eighteen books and which took Fielding “some thousands ofhours” to complete, is generally considered to be h is masterpiece.25. Robert Burns is the national poet of Ireland. His poetry is unsurpassed for its beautiful lyricismand sincerity of emotions, and is characterized by a profound sympathy for the down-trodden man.26.Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the truthful portrayal of the tragic lot of a poor girl, a pure woman,ruined by the bourgeois society.三．选择Multiple Choice：Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement.1．The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry2. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.3. The Metaphysical Poetry is characterized by its extensive use of ________.A. the impersonal voiceB. conceitsC. traditional symbolsD. literary allusions4. John Donne was the founder of the Metaphysical Poetry, and his followers include the following poets except ________.A. Richard CrashawB. George HerbertC. Andrew MarvellD. John Milton5. In Paradise Lost, Milton was unconsciously in sympathy with ________.A. GodB. SatanC. AdamD. Eve6. In addition to The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Defoe also wrote ______.A. Tom JonesB. PamelaC. The Adventures of Roderick RandomD. Moll Flanders7. Gulliver's Travels consists of ______ voyages.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four8. Lilliput is a country of ______.A. tiny inhabitantsB. giantsC. flying islandsD. rational horses9. Which of the following statements best describes Gulliver's Travels?A. Gulliver's Travels is a book of satire.B. Gulliver's Travels is a book of adventurous journeys.C. Gulliver's Travels is a realistic representation of 18th century England.D. Both A and B.10. Robert Burns came from ________.A. EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Ireland11. Lyrical Ballads (1798) was a collection of poems by ________.A. James Thomson and William CollinsB. Thomas Gray and Robert BurnsC. Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon ByronD. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge12. “The Lamb” is included in William Blake’s ________.A. Poetical SketchesB. The Songs of InnocenceC. The Songs of ExperienceD. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell13. William Wordsworth is frequently referred to as ________.A. a religious poetB. a worshipper of natureC. a modern poetD. a worshipper of beauty14. Of the following definitions of poetry, the one which is incorrectly paired with its author is ________.A. “Poetry is the most beautiful and effective mode of saying things”—Matthew ArnoldB. “Poetry—the best words in their best order”—Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. “The record of the best and happiest moment of the happiest and best minds”—Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. “The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”—Robert Burns15. The description of “a man proud, moody, cynical, with defiance on his brow, and misery in his heart, a scorner of his kind, implacable in revenge, yet capable of deep and strong affect ion” may be applied to ________.A. an epic heroB. an antiheroC. a Byronic heroD. a modern hero16. John Keats wrote the following except ______.A. EndymionB. The Eve of St. AgnesC. "Ode to a Nightingale"D. "Ode to Duty"17. In “Ode to the West Wind”, the wild west wind is referred to as the wind of ________.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter18. The Canterbury Tales was written in ________.A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Modern EnglishD. Current Modern English19. Pilgrims travel to the shrine of St. Thomas Becket at Canterbury in ________.A. MarchB. AprilC. MayD. June20. ________ pilgrims plus Chaucer are assembled at the Tabard Inn in the southern part of London.A. 25B. 27C. 29D. 3121. Chaucer was a master of the heroic couplet which consists of two rhyming lines in iambic pentameter. Iambic pentameter meansA. the line has 6 feet, and an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable.B. the line has 6 feet, and a stressed syllable is followed by an unstressed syllable.C. the line has 5 feet, and an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable.D. the line has 5 feet, and a stressed syllable is followed by an unstressed syllable.22. Shakespeare’s fou r great tragedies are _________A. Anthony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, King Lear, Timon of AthensB. Twelfth Night, Cynbeline, The Winter’s Tale, and The TempestC. Hamlet, Othello, King John, and MacbethD. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth23. The story of Hamlet takes place in ________.A. EnglandB. DenmarkC. ItalyD. Germany24. Romeo and Juliet belongs to Shakespeare’s ________.A. romantic comedyB. comedyC. tragedyD. historical plays25. A sonnet is a poem of ________ lines, usually in iambic pentameter, with rhymes arranged according to a certain definite patterns.A. 8B. 6C. 14D. 2426. The phrase “a single man in possession of a good fortune” is applied to a single man with _____.A. luckB. statusC. wealthD. health27. In 1066, _________led the Norman army to invade and defeat England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius28. Chaucer died on the 25th of October 1400, and was buried in _______.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey29. From the following, choose the one, which is not Francis Bacon's work.A. The advancement of LearningB. The New InstrumentC. EssaysD. Venus and Adonis30. "The Canterbury Tales" is Chaucer's greatest work and written for the greater part in ________ couplet.A. iambicB. pentameterC. metricalD. heroic31. "Hamlet", "______", "King Lear" and "Macbeth" are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.A. Romeo and JulietB. Timon of AthensC. A Lover's ComplaintD. Othello32. ________ wrote his masterpiece "The Pilgrim's Progress" during his second imprisonment.A. BunyanB. MiltonC. DonneD. Dryden33. Emily Bronte wrote only one novel: entitled ________.A. ProfessorB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Shirley34. Defoe's masterpiece ________ is based upon the experiences of Alexander Selkirk, who had been marooned in the island of Juan Fernadez off the coast of Chile and who had had lived here in solitude for five years.A. Captain SingletonB. Robinson CrusoeC. Colonel jackD. Captain Avery35. Which of the followings was not written by Blake?A. The Songs of ExperienceB. The Songs of InnocenceC. Elegy Written in a Country ChurchyardD. The Chimney Sweepers36. ____was a critical realist and also a severe exposer of contemporary society .His novels, such as "Vanity Fair", are mainly a satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society.A. George Eliot.B. Elizabeth GaskellC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. John Bunyan37. The title of the novel "Vanity Fair" was taken from Bunyan's masterpiece "____________".A. The Pilgrim's ProgressB. Childe Harold's PilgrimageC. Gulliver's TravelsD. The Canterbury Tales38. _______ can be justly termed England's national epic and its hero Beowulf --- one of the national heroes of the English people.A. SeafarerB. BeowulfC. WildsithD. Cynewulf39. _______ are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.A. balladsB. romancesC. sonnetsD. prose40. Which work has employed subjects from the Greek mythology?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Prometheus Unbound41. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poet of pre-romanticism were ______.A. Alexander PopeB. William BlakeC. Jonathan SwiftD. John Keats42. Beowulf was written in ___________.A. FrenchB. Modern EnglishC. Old EnglishD. Middle English43. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in _______.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Spanish44. Shylock is a character in the play ___________ by Shakespeare.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. Romeo and JulietC. As You Like ItD. Hamlet45. Of all the romantic poets in the 18th century, ___ is the most independent and the most original.A. Thomas GrayB. William BlakeC. Alexander PopeD. Daniel Defoe46. The story of “___________” is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightsB. Piers the PlowmanC. The story of BeowulfD. The Canterbury of Tales47. "When , in disgrace with Fortune and men’s eyes," This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________.A. songsB. playsC. comediesD. sonnets48. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic49. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Sc andal50. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey51. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ____ of the Bennet family .A. high opinionB. great admirationC. low opinionD. erroneous view52. Wordsworth’s poetry is distinguished by the simplicity as well as theA. purity of his languageB. ornateness of his languageC. elegant of languageD. coarseness of his language53. The Romantic Age came to an end with the death of the last well-known romantic writer ___________.A. Jane AustenB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth54. Austen was the first woman writer to touch the following themeA. The struggle between the working classB. the predicament of the womenC. the torture of human soulD. the freedom of marriage55. ________is not Shakespeare’s wo rk.A. HamletB. King LearC. OthelloD. The Faerie56. The Four Greatest Tragedies of Shakespeare’s do not include_______.A. Romeo and JulietB. HamletC. MacbethD. Othello57. _______is the essence of Renaissance.A. RealismB. RomanticismC. RomanceD. Humanism58. _______ is not written by John Milton.A. Paradise lostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Beowulf59. In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ______A. aristocratic classB. enterprising landlordC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working people60. Romanticism doesn’t emphasize ______.A. the special qualities of each individual’s mindB. the inner world of the human spiritC. individualityD. the features that men have in common61. _______ Publish Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with Coleridge.A. ByronB. WordsworthC. ShelleyD. Keats62. Don Juan is the masterpiece of _________.A. Lord Byron’sB. P. B. Shelley’sC. John Keats’sD. Samuel Coleridge’s63. ________ is not a work by Charles DickensA. Oliver TwistB. David CopperfieldC. MiddlemarchD. A Tale of Two Cities64. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by _____.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Ann BronteD. Branwell Bronte65. _______ is not D. H. Lawrence’s work.A. Finnegan’s WakeB. Sons and LoversC. Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. The Rain Bow66. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems.A. SpenserB. DonneC. BlakeD. Thomas Gray67. _______ is known as "the poet's poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne68. The middle of the 18th century was predominated by a newly rising literary form, that is the modern English ______, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.A. proseB. short storyC. novelD. tragicomedy69. Dickens' works are characterized by a mingling of _______ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor70. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess。
The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus解析
死亡本能的一部分是向外界转移成为侵略和毁灭本能。本剧开端 就表现出浮士德的不满。他己厌倦了那些寻常的学问，如逻辑学;医学； 法律;神学因此他转而迷恋巫术。巫术能够提供他幻想中需要的一切: 一个充满欢乐、荣誉和万能的世界!一个杰出的术士是一个伟大的神!” 对浮士德来说，像神一样，意味着他能通晓一切学问，达成一切愿望。 他向靡菲斯特讨教天文学，要求一个妻子(被靡菲斯特拒绝，但是后 来浮士德见到了海伦，并得到她的亲吻)，戏弄教皇和买马人，向皇 帝、公爵、众学者展示奇迹，这些实际上都是生存本能的表现。要一 个妻子更是赤裸的性本能。要了解整个宇宙、对知识的追求是性本能 的升华而作弄他人是人类死亡本能的向外投射。从这个角度看，浮士 德的行为的驱动力来自生死两个本能。
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4.弗洛伊德与浮士德
浮士德对于人的必亡性(mortality )从来没有满足过， 他愿意挺而走险去挑战它，去实现人的无限性。但是他去 挑战有限性、突破必亡性的过程又正是他奔向永恒死亡的 过程。这是弗洛伊德本能理论中 的生之本能和死之本能 混合作用的结果。浮士德暂时实现了他脑中疯狂的幻想， 但是这些幻想注定以更长远的压制收场。浮士德所受的天 谴反映了超我的功用及文明和个体的关系。本剧生动地演 小了人类的欲望如何绽放又如何遭压制。
去吧浮士德学习那著名的学问那里而蕴含自然的一切宝藏你在地上就会像朱庇特在天上一样统领指挥所有自然力?剧中善之天使要求浮士德放弃邪恶的巫术向上帝忏悔这个是自我和超我的混合作用
The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus
浮士德博士的悲剧 ——Christopher Marlowe
2.剧情简介：
• 浮士德是中世纪威腾贝格大学的神学博士。虽然他知识渊博，但他 不满足于过着脱离现实的平庸的生活，而对旧有的析学、医学、法学 和神学感到厌倦。于是他开始潜心研究巫术，并希望以此将个人的小 世界融入社会的大世界之中。他不顾善良天使的劝阻, 决意依照邪恶 天使的怂恿走上歧途。聪明过人的浮士德用魔术召来魔鬼梅菲斯特, 得知群魔想要争夺人的灵魂。浮士德决定让梅菲斯特传话给群魔之首 路西法, 同意交出自己的灵魂, 交换条件是允许他过上24年随心所欲 的生活, 并且让梅菲斯特做他的随从。经过滴血盟誓, 浮士德如愿以 偿, 拥有知识就可以创造一切, 获得财富, 就能够探出“ 所有外国 君主的秘密”, 能够“ 用一道铜墙把德国围起”“, 让学生们能穿 上绸缎衣服”。浮士德云游世界,做了许多率性之事, 享尽人生快意。 只可惜人生苦短, 24年转瞬即逝, 盟约已近, 灵魂即将被恶魔索走。 此时的浮士德幡然悔悟, 对生命充满留恋, 苦苦哀求恶魔饶他一命, 希望得到上帝的救赎，然而已无济于事, 他的灵魂最终被恶魔带走, 失去灵魂的浮士德, 空余尸首, 惨不忍睹。
浮士德——纯粹的浪漫主义悲剧
浮士德——纯粹的浪漫主义悲剧《浮士德》是歌德倾毕生心血所完成的史诗性的巨著。
它取材于16世纪德国有关江湖术士约翰·乔治·浮士德的民间传说。
《浮士德》是一部长达一万二千一百一十一行的诗剧，第一部二十五场，不分幕。
第二部分五幕，二十七场。
全剧没有首尾连贯的情节，而是以浮士德思想的发展变化为线索，写他探索人生要义的一声。
《浮士德》的基本情节，可归结为：一幕序曲，两个赌赛，终生追求，五幕悲剧。
《天上序曲》是剧作的开端，也是全剧的思想总纲，同时也预示了全部作品的故事线索；第一个赌赛是天帝和魔鬼关于“对世界和人的看法”的赌赛——人能否实现和如何实现人生理想的问题；第二个赌赛是魔鬼梅菲斯特关于“浮士德是否会对生活产生满足”的赌赛；一生追求，五幕悲剧：知识的追求和知识的悲剧；感官的追求和爱情的悲剧；权势的追求和从政的悲剧；美的追求和寻美的悲剧；事业的追求和事业的悲剧。
剧情梗概如下：魔鬼靡非斯特与上帝打赌，认为人类无法满足的追求终必导致其自身的堕落。
上帝却以为尽管人类在追求中难免会犯错误，但最终能够打到真理。
于是由魔鬼下到人间去诱惑浮士德。
浮士德此时已是一个年过半百的老学者。
他毕生都在孜孜不倦地博览群书，钻研各种学问，以求洞解自然奥秘。
然而至此垂垂暮年，他才恍然悟到这些知识毫无用处，而自己处身其中的书斋实在形同牢狱，使自己与大自然隔离了。
他痛苦得想要自杀，到另一世界去寻求出路。
复活节的钟声唤回了他生的意志，把他引到郊外，在万物欣欣向荣的大自然和自由欢乐的人群中，他深受鼓舞。
回到书斋翻译《圣经》时，竟然与"泰初有道"的思想发生抵触。
这时，他从效外带回的卷毛犬化为书生出现在面前，浮士德问他的真实身份，他说自己是“作恶造善的力之一体”，其实他就是魔鬼靡非斯特的化身。
魔鬼答应做浮士德的仆人，带他重新开始人生有历程，条件是一旦他感到满足，灵魂便归魔鬼所有。
浮士德与魔鬼订立契约。
魔鬼带浮士德来到魔女之厨，饮下魔汤，使他变成了翩翩少年，恢复了情欲。
浮士德与浮士德博士的悲剧
节选
• 就是这张脸使千帆齐发 • 把伊利安的巍巍城楼烧成灰的 么？ • 甜蜜的海伦，你一吻就使我永 生 • 看，她的嘴唇吸走了我的灵魂！ • 来，海伦，还我的灵魂来 • 我住下了，天堂就在你的唇上！ • 凡不是海伦身上的，全是粪土 • 我来做帕里斯吧，为了对你的 爱 • 让维登堡代替特洛伊遭受毁灭 • 把你的旗帜插上我的盔顶 • • • • • • 对，我将刺穿阿基里斯的脚跟 然后回身求海伦赏赐一吻 啊，你比黄昏更美 尽管它披带了一千颗美丽的星 你的光辉胜过朱庇特 虽然他身上的火焰曾经毁了西 密丽 • 你比这天上的君王更可爱 • 纵使他躺在阿丽苏撒的浪荡怀 抱 • 只有你，才配做我的情妇！
书斋（魔鬼——浮士德）
终生追求 五场悲剧 知识悲剧 爱情悲剧 政治悲剧 艺术悲剧 事业悲剧
浮士德内容
• 浮士德为了寻求新生活，和魔鬼墨菲斯托 签约，把自己的灵魂抵押给魔鬼，而魔鬼 要满足浮士德的一切要求。如果有一天浮 士德认为自己得到了满足，那么他的灵魂 就将归魔鬼所有。于是墨菲斯托使用魔法， 让浮士德有了一番奇特的经历，他尝过了 爱情的欢乐与辛酸，在治理国家中显过身 手，在沙场上立过奇功，又想在一片沙滩 上建立起人间乐园……就在他沉醉在对美 好未来的憧憬中时，他不由自主地说，那 时自己将得到满足。这样，魔鬼就将收去 他灵魂，就在这时，天使赶来，挽救了浮 士德的灵魂。
浮士德一幕序曲两个赌赛终生追求五场悲剧天上天使魔鬼书斋魔鬼浮士德知识悲剧爱情悲剧政治悲剧艺术悲剧事业悲剧浮士德内容浮士德为了寻求新生活和魔鬼墨菲斯托签约把自己的灵魂抵押给魔鬼而魔鬼要满足浮士德的一切要求
浮士德博士的Hale Waihona Puke 剧以及 浮士德浮士德
• 歌德（1749-1832） • 16岁上莱比锡大学读法律, 19岁在家养病两年, 1770年21岁进斯特拉斯堡大学继续读法律,第二 年获法学博士学位,但更喜欢文学艺术.在此期间, 结识思想家赫尔德尔,受其影响,热情攻读世界名著, 开始从事诗歌创作. 1794年，歌德与席勒结交， 开始了两位伟大作家的合作期：一起办刊物，建 剧院，导演戏剧，作学术报告，在创作上互相鼓 励，共同切磋，写成诗剧《浮士德》第一部。
The tragedy of Tess 苔丝的悲剧
The tragedy of TessIntroduction of the novel and its influenceTess of the D’Urbervilles, published in 1891,was Thomas Hardy’s last and most significant work. In this novel, Hardy reached the height of his achievement as a novelist. Readers are attracted not only by the innate beauty, but the tragic fate of Tess, the heroine.Tess of the D’urbervills, is about the tragedy of Tess Durbeyfield, who was born in a poor peasant family. When their horse was killed by an accident, the family lost the only me ans to make a living. As Tess’s father got a piece of news from a parson that he was the lineal representative of the ancient and knightly family of the d’Urbervilles, Tess’s mother persuaded her to visit the d’Urbervilles clan at Tranreidge. Tess worked t here and was seduced by Alec d’Uberville. Tess gave birth to a child, but it was unlucky, it died very soon. A long time later, Tess worked at the dairy farm at Talbothays, where she met Angel Clare again, he was a pastor’s son, and wanted to study farming. After a short time, they loved each other. On their wedding night Angel told Tess about an evening of debauchery in his won past. Tess forgiven him andtold her affair with Alec, thinking that he would forgive her as she did for him. But Clare disappointed Tess and did not forgive her when she told him her past story with Alec. Clare left her for Brazil. With the great poverty of her family, Tess had to work under the hardest condition at Flintcomb-ash. Then her father died and the family was expelled from their cottage. In order to support her family, Tess was driven to go back to Alec d’Urberville. One year later, Angel Clare returned from Brazil, being chastened and repented of his cruel treatment of Tess, but the relationship of Tess and Alec, Angel cannot live with Tess. She hated Alec and killed him. After a short happy life with Angel, Tess was arrested at dawn.She was a woman of integrity, and pure in heart, yet she was driven to the hell by the society. Tess lost her virginity, which was caused by Alec. At that time, she only was a 17- year –old- girl. So the main responsibility should be blamed on Alec. At the second time, Tess had to live with Alec, this was caused by her parents and Angel. At last, she killed Alec, this was the weakling’s resi stance.From the character of Tess, I can see the hardship of her life. In herheart, she was a pure girl. At the end of the novel, Thomas Hardy described it full of meaning that “Justice” was done, and President of the Immortals in Aeschy lean phrase, had ended his sport with Tess (Thomas Hardy 2004). From this part, I understand that was Hardy’s strong accusing of British social system.Analysis of the cause of Tess’s tragedyThe social environment made Tess’s tragedy inevitable. At the end of 19th century, capitalism prevailed in the whole England that made broad masses of peasant went bankrupt and then they had to live in poverty and grave situation. The destruction of English peasant caused by capitalism. It was the decisive force that had driven “Tess” to tragedy doom. In the novel, there are many descriptions of Tess working in the field. Though, she was exhausted with manual labor, she could hardly support her family. The self-supporting peasants were displaced and impoverished.Both Alec a nd Angel violated and made fun of Tess. Tess’s physically was injured by Alec d’Urberville, and mentally was affected by Angel Clare. Alec and Angel by different way made Tess’s tragedy from bad toworse.Alec was a lecher, also was a man to do wrong to others to benefit for himself. From this point, it both reflected the landlord class’s nature characteristics in countryside, and emerging capitalist’s feature. But Angel’s circumstance was more complex and volatile. On one hand, he was capitalist with a freedom of mind. He look down upon the material distinction of rank and wealth, and scorned the class’s prejudice and with other concepts. He disliked the life of busy section of the city, and went to the countryside to study the agricultural skills. In the nature life, he got acquainted with Tess who was pure as the nature .I can say it affirmatively that Angel loved Tess at first, because he gave up his parents’ arrangement to marry Mercy Chat, even that was a marriage between the families that were of equal social rank. On other hand, Angel had an idea of egoism, even though, himself was not a pure man, and he could not to accept Tess who was not a really pure bride. He considered her as a “fallen woman”. He still judged “purity” with the conventional value and moral standard that were implanted in him when he was a boy. He was the slave to the custom and conventionality. Obviously, what he loved was not Tess, but another in her shape (Thomas Hardy 2004). He abandoned his wife for Brazil, which was adeathblow to innocent woman Tess.Tess’s father only was a ped-lar, but he with full of vanity and ignorant, he also was a drinker. After Tess’s father Jack Durbeyfild learned that he was descended from the famous d’Urberville family, He felt very proud, and from then on, there might add “sir” before his name, it was glory for him. And then he became indolent and sluggish. He had never done more work than was necessary to keep his family supplied with meager food and himself with beer but from that day on he ceased doing even that small amount of work. Durbeyfild won’t be able to take the journey with the beehives in the early morning, but somebody must go. In his family, no other fit for the job only himself. Tess was obliged to do the difficult job. There happened an accident, and killed their poor horse Prince. The death of the horse destroyed the family’s livelihood and finished the family’s hauling business. From then on, Tess thought that she had dragged her parents into quagmire.Tesss’s mother Joan Du rbeyfield was an unenlightened happy woman, as her husband full of vanity. She had a beautiful and lovely daughter, and felt that was glorious for her family. She tried Tess’s fatein the Fortune-teller, and it brought out that every thing, and Tess’s skin was as sleek as a duchess’s, so she was sure that Tess likely enough to marry a noble gentleman (Thomas Hardy 2004). The unrealistic thought led she to persuade her oldest daughter, Tess, to visit the Stoke-d”Urbervilles which was the claim kin .The first time of Tess left home for work at Alec’s family, as a mother, she did not tell her anything about a man maybe danger for a woman, at that time she only was 17 years old girl, but her full of vanity mind did not think over it much, her only hope was that Tess would make a good impression on the rich d’Ubervilles and perhaps a good marriage with one of the son.Tess’s tragedy was not only caused by external reason, but also the internal reason. Tess herself was pure in heart and had a kind heart, and without experience. It just unlucky that Tess met Alec, who was a man of easy virtue, so she could not escape from entice into unlawful sexual intercourse of Alec. After the dishonorable thing, Tess left Alec. During the following times, Tess met Angel Clare at the dairy farm. He loved Tess and treated Tess “equally”, which made Tess trust him and fell in love with him. Tess loved Angel deeply, with the result that she acted on impulse. And besides, she was affected deeply by the society and belonged to conservative, so she was thinking about it all the time thatshe was not a virgin girl. So that she didn’t want to marry Angel and refused many times of the offer of marriage by Angel. But she was unable to bear the enticement of emotion and agreed to marry him at last. Because of his “noble virtue”, Tess opened her mind to him and told him all her past story with Alec on their wedding night, thinking that Angel would forgive her as she did for him. From then on a series of graver tragedy took place in her future life.Tess’s tragedy was the tragedy of character. On one side, struggled bravely against her destiny and the conventional morality. She desired for happiness and true love. On the other side, she could not completely get rid of social conventions and moral standards of the day, which made her believe that she had to pay for what she had sinned. In chapter 37of Tess of the D’Urberilles, Hardy described that Angel occasionally walk in his sleep:Angel had instinctively manifested a fondness for her of which his common-sense did not approve, Angel might have a faint recollection of his tender vagary, and was disinclined to allude to it from a conviction that she would take amatory advantage of opportunity it gave her ofappealing to him anew not to go (Thomas Hardy 2004).From this point, I think that Tess was very obstinate. She yielded to the arrangement of the fate .The later was the weak point in her character.Summarize the process of the tragedy.Tess Durbeyfeild’s misfortune started from the sudden death of the only horse. At that time, Tess’s father learned that his family belonged to the ancient and knightly family of the d’Urberilles. Also there had a rich family of Stoke d’Urbervilles. In fact, Alec was the son of a rich merchant who added the name of d’Urberille to his own name, stoke, because it had historical association and the d’Urbervilles were supposed to be extinct. So Tess was sent to visit the claim kin of Alec d’Uberville.At the end of chapter 5, Alec said: “well, I’m damned! What a funny thing! Ha-ha-ha! And what a crumby girl!”(Thomas Hardy2004). From this point, I learned that Alec was a lecher. Of course Tess could not leada very easy life at Alec’s family. Alec was shrewd and crafty wrote a letter by his mother’s tone ask ed Tess to look after a litter fowl-farm, which was her hobby. It just was a trap for Tess. Even though, Tess’s mother knew it just an artful way of getting Tess went to there, but she didn’t know it just Alec’s wish.On the way to Alec’s family, Alec be gan to take liberties with Tess, and kissed her. Tess worked there for four months and was seduced by Alec. Then Tess gave birth a child, but it died very soon.At the dairy farm Tess was liked and well treated, at that time, that was Tess’s happy life i n her experience. At the dairy farm Tess met Angel. At first Tess seemed to regard Angel Clare as an intelligencer rather than as a man. By this way, Tess fell in love with Angel, but she cannot get rid of her sense of guilt. Her love for him acted to blot out the memories of the past, but she was always aware that her forgetfulness was only temporary, that the doubts, fears, and sham were only waiting like wolves just outside the light. Although Tess was in love with Angel by this time, the memory of her night with Alec caused her to refuse Angel again and again. At last she could not bear any more, and agreed to marry him.On the night before the wedding, Tess wrote a letter to Angel for telling everything about herself and Alee, She shipped the letter under his door, but Angel did not discover the letter, because she had put the letter under the carpet. When she realized that Angel had not found the letter. She attempted to tell him about her past. But Angel did not discover the letter,because she had put the letter the carpet. When she realized that Angel had not found the letter. She attempted to tell him about her past. But Angel did not think it was important, thinking that such a pure girl could have no black sins in her history.On their wedding night, Tess made a final decision to tell him all her past, but it was easy, Angel said at first that he wanted to make a confession to her. It was easy for her to forgive him, so she began to tell him all her past. It was difficult for Angel to forgive Tess, he could not accept this fact. Form then on Tess’s tragedy form bad to worse. For several days later, Angel left Tess for Brazil.Angel had left Tess some money and some jewels, but her family went hungry once more, for her father still thought himself too high-born to work for a living. After her father died, her family was expelled from their cottage, and her family’s homelessness made Tess found no was out, Tess had to again go from farm to farm. At that time, Tess’s tragedy reached the climax.While Tess was working in the field, She met Alec again. Alec began to pursue her once more. Frightened, Tess wrote to Angel told him that she loved him and needed him, and begged him to forgive her and to return to her. For long time she did not receive an answer from Angel. In order to support the family, Tess had no other means to choose, only to accept Alec’s “help” for the second time. Angel was late just for a few days, although he should have reunited with Tess a few days earlier. These series of chance happening seems to decide Tess’s tragedy, and each of them put Tess further into the mysterious entrapment until her. Throughout the whole story, Tess was constantly involved in the mysterious fate, which led to the tragedy step by step.ConclusionHardy created Tess as an attractive and warm-hearted pure woman who has the quality of endurance and self-sacrifice. Thus result Tess has become the victim of her family and the society in which she exists. Through the above analysis and the summarizat ion of Tess’s tragedy, it is obvious that the poverty, Alec’s wickedness, Angel’s conventional ideas, Tess’s character as well as Hardy’s fatalism are the direct causes of Tess’s tragedy. But the direct causes are deeply rooted in the cruel social environment: the impoverished peasant, the unjust law and cruel convention. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that the society is the real and deeply rooted cause of Tess’s tragedy.。
浮士德的悲剧：人性的挣扎与救赎
浮士德的悲剧：人性的挣扎与救赎1. 简介浮士德是由德国著名文学家约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德创作的一部著名戏剧，被誉为世界文学史上最伟大的作品之一。
该剧以主人公浮士德为中心，深入探讨了人性的挣扎与救赎的主题。
2. 浮士德角色解读2.1 浮士德的追求和冲动浮士德是个博学多才、渴望无限知识和力量的智者。
他不甘于现有的人类知识限制，渴望超越尘世束缚，追求更高境界。
然而，这种追求逐渐演变成了内心深处不断膨胀的欲望和傲慢。
2.2 浮士德与魔鬼契约为了实现自己无限权力的愿望，浮士德与魔鬼梅菲斯特福斯特达成契约。
他用自己灵魂作为代价交换无限的知识和力量，但这也让他陷入了救赎之路的漫长挣扎。
2.3 浮士德的内心挣扎随着权力的增长，浮士德开始感受到自己内心的空虚和困惑。
他追求知识和力量，却不断发现它们不能给予他真正的满足和幸福。
他开始怀疑自己所做的选择是否正确，渐渐陷入了深深的悔恨与痛苦之中。
2.4 浮士德在援助人类中寻找救赎意识到自身境遇，浮士德试图通过帮助他人来弥补过去的错误，并寻找内心的救赎。
然而，他发现这一过程并非易事。
浮士德不断在自我对抗与追逐灵魂拯救之间挣扎。
3. 人性的挣扎与救赎主题分析3.1 欲望与满足浮士德对无限知识和权力的追求展示了人类欲望的深度以及贪婪无止境。
人性需要通过适度的满足来找到真正的幸福，而不是仅仅依赖外在的物质享受。
3.2 自省与悔恨浮士德的内心挣扎表明了人类对自己行为后果负有责任的重要性。
只有经历深刻的悔恨和反思，人们才能够找到内心的平静和救赎之路。
3.3 善与恶浮士德的追求权力使他暴露出欺骗、背叛和罪恶等阴暗面。
但是，他通过为他人做出善行来试图弥补以往的过错。
作品揭示了善与恶之间微妙而复杂的关系。
4. 结论《浮士德》这部戏剧作品展现了一个充满冲突、挣扎和矛盾的主人公形象。
通过浮士德个体生命中实际存在、直接参与或意味着发生在其周遭世界中一系列事情来反映佩戴进程中所带着最根本形态及困惑冲突奋斗及对待一份责任于实际发展中所要面对一系列的选择与决策与沟通及对待风险失衡等内容。
英语专八总复习系列：英国文学知识08
英国文学知识简介(English Literature)一、古英语时期的英国文学（499-1066）1）《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁•撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。
2）Alfred the Great阿尔弗雷德大帝：英国散文之父二、中古英语时期的英国文学1）allegory体非常盛行2）Romance开始上升到一定的高度3）高文爵士和绿衣骑士4）Willian Langlaud 威廉·郎兰Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》5）乔叟坎特伯雷故事集（英雄双韵体）Heroic Couplet6）Thomas Malory托马斯.马洛礼Le Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》1、Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利•乔叟1340-1400长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学（伊丽莎白时代）（14-16世纪）1、Thomas More托马斯.莫尔1478~15352、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活；现代长篇小说的先驱4、斯宾塞The Faerie Queene《仙后》诗人中的诗人；斯宾塞体诗节；5、莎士比亚：长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》四大悲剧：哈姆雷特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白四大戏剧：仲夏夜之梦、威尼斯商人、皆大欢喜、第十二夜6、本.琼森风俗喜剧（comedy of manners）《人性互异》7、John Donne 约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人8、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣9、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑《学术的推进》和《新工具》英国文学知识832、Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599The Shepherds Calen dar牧人日历Amoretti爱情小唱Epithalamion婚后曲Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林•克劳特回来了Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌The Faerie Queene仙后3、Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧4、William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of V eronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of V enice威尼斯商人;As Y ou Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry theFifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯•凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;V enus and Adonis维诺斯•阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗英国文学知识845、Francis Bacon培根1561-1626Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays随笔（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）四、启蒙时期（18世纪）1、约翰·弥尔顿：《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》2、约翰·班扬：《天路历程》religious allegory3、约翰·德莱顿：英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人；《论戏剧诗》4、亚历山大.蒲柏：英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表；英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用；《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作5、托马斯·格雷：感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》6、威廉·布莱克：天真之歌、经验之歌；7、罗伯特·彭斯：苏格兰最杰出的农民诗人；8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》9、Samuel defoe 英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一；《鲁滨逊漂流记》；《铲除非国教徒的捷径》，仪表达自己的不满；10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》；《格列佛游记》；《桶的故事》；11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人；帕米拉；克拉丽莎；查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史；12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人；《约瑟夫。
《浮士德》简介
《浮士德》简介歌德是德国的大诗人、剧作家和思想家，他是德国资产阶级早期文学运动“狂飙突进运动”的旗手。
《浮士德》悲剧是歌德最主要的代表作，从１７７０年开始构思到１８３１年脱稿，前后达六十年时间，它是歌德生活实践和艺术实践的概括，熔铸了他在欧洲资本主义上升时期和德国现实生活中全部的体验。
浮士德为欧洲中世纪传说中的一位半神话半真实的人物，可能为魔法师，传说他与魔鬼订了出卖灵魂三十四年的契约，生前尽情享受，死后入地狱。
歌德的《浮士德》悲剧分上、下两部，它没有始终一贯的故事情节，而是以主人公浮士德的精神性格的发展以及他不满现实、不断追求理想的过程为主线，把全剧连成一体。
浮士德的上下求索是从两次打赌引出来的，首先魔鬼与天帝打赌，魔鬼靡非斯特否定人和世界，天帝却相信人的精神力量，“在他摸索之中不会迷失正途”，这给全剧提供了广阔的背景，第二次打赌为浮士德与靡非斯特赌赛、订约，条件为魔鬼今生侍奉浮士德，死后灵魂归魔鬼所有，这次打赌为浮士德上天入地提供了条件，也是对他精神力量的有力考验。
诗剧以浮士德的精神探索贯穿始终，共经历了五个阶段：一知识悲剧，说明陈旧腐朽的书本知识不是美，主要描写浮士德在“返归自然”中挣脱中世纪的精神枷锁而获得新生。
二爱情悲剧，说明低级的吃喝玩乐和个人的爱情生活不是美。
浮士德在这个阶段经历了贪恋情欲和克制欲望的矛盾，并从自我主义的泥淖中挣脱出来。
三政治悲剧，写魔鬼引诱浮士德为封建小朝廷服务，浮士德识破高官厚禄、荣华富贵不是美。
四美的悲剧，写浮士德追求与希腊美女海伦的结合，说明只有形式而无灵魂的古典艺术不是美。
五事业悲剧，浮士德终身探索，最后发现与人民进行创造性的劳动，改造自然，创造自由国土才是美。
浮士德探索的五个历程，概括了从文艺复兴到十九世纪初的欧洲和德国资产阶级知识分子精神探索的道路。
浮士德自强不息地探索真理、追求美的过程，是挣脱中世纪愚昧状态、克服内在与外在矛盾、创建资产阶级理想王国的启蒙过程，体现了上升时期资产阶级的意识形态。
《英美文学选读》模拟试题(4)答案
《英美文学选读》模拟试题(四)一、Multiple Choice1.Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of _______ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. ChristianB. knightlyC. GreekD. primitive2.The tragedy of Dr. Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragic History of Dr. Faustus, is the very face that _______.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan War Marlowe’s Dr. Faustus The Passionate Sheperd to His Love3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movements?A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C. The Glorious revolution.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that _______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality, order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual’s feelings and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its models5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are probably taken from _______.A.Spensers The Faerie QueeneB.John Donnes “The Sun Rising”C.Shakespeares “Sonnet 18”D.Marlowes “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”6.You may have meet the term "Yahoo" on internet, but you may also have met it in English literature .It is found in _______.A. John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s ProgressB. Samuel Johnson’s The Vanity of Human WishesC. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s TravelsD. Henry Fielding’s tom Jones7.The ture subject of John Donnes poem,“The Sun Rising,” is to _______.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the suns intrusion into the lovers private lifeD. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie.8."Surface", "Sneerwell", "Backbite", and "Candour" are most likely the names of the characters in _______.A. Shaw’s Mrs Warren’s ProfessionB. Sheridan’s The School for ScandalC. Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s LostD. Christopher Marlowe’s Dr.Faustus9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gullivers Travels are _______.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.What does Wordsworth’s poem "The Solitary Reaper" tell us about Romanticist?A. To romanticists, poetry is an expression of an individual’s feelings and experiences no matter how fragmentary and momentary these feelings and experiences are.B. Romanticist take delight only in sound effect, the theme of a work is not their concern.C. Romanticist are not patient people; they would leave before the revelation of the theme.D. Poetry should present the apparent and tangible.11.The phrase 搕o urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils?may well sum up the implied meaning of _______.A. Gullivers TravelsB. The Rape of the LockC. Robinson CrusoeD. The pilgrims Progress12. Prometheus Unbound is Shelley’s greatest achievement. Prometheus, according to the Greek mythology, was chained by Zeus on Mount Caucasus and suffered the vulture’s feeding on his liver for _______.A. planning a revolt to dethrone GodB. misinterpreting God’s decree to reconcile man and natureC. prophesying the arrival of spring in a winter seasonD. stealing the fire from heaven and giving it to man13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn”?A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”B.“They are both gone up to the church to pary.”C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.”D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”.14."My Last Duchess" is a poem that best exemplifier Robert Browning’s _______.A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB. excellent choice of wordsC. mastering of the metrical devicesD. use of the dramatic monologue15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn”shows the contrast between the _______ of art and the _______ of human passion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.Tess of the D’Urbervilles, one of Thomas Hardy’s best known novels, portrays man as _______.A. being hereditarily either good or badB. being self-sufficientC. having no control over his own fateD. still retaining his own faith in a world of confusion17.The typical feature of Robet Brownings poetry is the _______.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The term tone in literature means _______.A. sound effect such as rhyme and metrical deviceB. the pitch of a word used to determine its meaning in the given contextC. the manner of expression to indicate the speaker’s attitude towards the subjectD. a shade of colour to reflect the change of the light19._______ is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreB.EmmaC.Wuthering HeightsD.Middlemarch20.In which of the following poems by William Butler Yeats did you find the allusion to Helen and the TrojanWar?A. "Sailing to Byzantium"B. " Leda and the Swan"C. "The Lake Isle if Innisfree".D. " Sown by the Sally Garden"21._______ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.James Joyce is the author of all the following novels except _______.A. DublinersB. Jude the Obscure --HardyC. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. Ulysses内容简介托马斯·哈代（1840-1928），英国小说大师，著名诗人。
浮士德的悲剧
浮士德的悲剧浮士德是德国著名文学家歌德所创作的一部传世之作。
这部作品以主人公浮士德为中心展开，通过揭示他的欲望、沉迷和堕落，探讨了人性的复杂性和对知识与力量的追求。
浮士德的悲剧不仅在于其对于苦闷生活的追求，也反映了作者对于人性的深刻思考。
第一部分：浮士德的追求浮士德是一位拥有无限欲望的学者。
他不满足于现实中的生活，渴望获得更多的知识和力量。
他通过研究科学、哲学和黑魔法等多种途径，试图突破个体的极限，掌控整个宇宙。
这种追求的火焰一直在浮士德心中燃烧，驱使着他不断向前。
第二部分：浮士德与魔鬼的交易为了实现他的欲望，浮士德与魔鬼梅菲斯特弗斯签订了他的灵魂。
这个不可逆的决定让他得到了无穷的知识和力量，但也导致了他灵魂的堕落。
浮士德似乎摆脱了现实的束缚，但内心的空虚和苦闷却不断加深。
第三部分：浮士德的欲望与沉迷浮士德通过与梅菲斯特弗斯的交易，得到了追求无限欲望的能力。
然而，他的欲望却不断膨胀，永远无法满足。
无论是对于权力、财富还是对于美丽与爱情的渴望，他都变得贪婪且无止境。
这种欲望的沉迷使得浮士德再也无法找到内心的平静。
第四部分：浮士德的堕落与悲剧结局随着浮士德欲望的不断膨胀，他的心灵逐渐扭曲。
他抛弃了对正义和良知的追求，甚至背叛了曾经深爱的女子格勒琳德。
他用欺骗和背叛来满足自己无底线的欲望，最终导致了悲剧的结局。
尽管浮士德曾拥有无限的知识和力量，但他却无法摆脱内心的空虚和苦闷。
他的追求只是一个人类一厢情愿的幻想，最终只带来了无尽的痛苦和悲伤。
正如歌德在本书中所表达的，人性的复杂性和对于知识与力量的追求是我们永远无法逃避的命运。
这是浮士德的悲剧，也是人性的悲剧。
无论我们多么追求知识与力量，我们都需要审视自己的欲望和追求的真正动机。
只有在内心的安宁与道德的引导下，我们才能避免悲剧的结局，真正实现人生的价值。
重要英美作家作品英汉对照
重要英美作家作品英汉对照英国作家作品Edmund Spenser (1552-1599) 埃德蒙·斯宾塞The Shepherds Calendar《牧人日历》The Faerie Queen 《仙后》Christopher Marlow (1564-1593) 克里斯托弗·马洛Tamburlaine, Parts I &II 《铁木耳大帝，第一部和第二部》The Tragical History of Dr.Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》The Jew of Malta《马尔他的犹太人》Edward II《爱德华二世》“The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”《多情的牧羊人致情人歌》William Shakespeare (1564-1616) 威廉·莎士比亚Henry VI《亨利六世》Richard III《查理三世》Henry IV《亨利四世》A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》As You Like It《皆大欢喜》The Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》Twelfth Night《第十二夜》Romeo and Juliet《洛密欧与朱丽叶》Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Othello《奥赛罗》King Lear《李尔王》Macbeth《麦克佩斯》Cymbeline《辛白林》The Tempest《暴风雨》The Two Gentlemen of Verona《维洛那二绅士》Timon of Athens《雅典的泰门》Francis Bacon (1561-1626) 弗兰西斯·培根The Advancement of Learning《学术的进展》Novum Orgaum《新工具》History Of the Reign of King Henry VII《亨利七世王朝史》The New Atlantis《新大西岛》Essays《论说文集》“Of Studies”《论读书》John Donne (1572-1631) 约翰·邓恩The Elegies and Satires《挽歌与讽刺诗》The Songs and Sonnets《歌曲与十四行诗》“The Sun Rising”《日出》:Death, Be Not Proud”《死神莫骄傲》John Milton (1608-1674) 约翰·米尔顿Lycidas《列西达斯》Areopagitica《论出版自由》Paradise Lost《失乐园》Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》John Bunyan (1628-1688) 约翰·班杨Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners《功德无量》The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》The Life and Death of Mr.Badman《培德曼先生传》The Holy War《圣战》Alexander Pope (1688-1744)亚历山大·蒲柏Pastorals《田园诗集》The Rape of the Lock《卷发遭劫记》The Dunciad《愚人志》An Essay on Criticism《批评论》Essay on Man《人论》Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) 丹尼尔·迪福Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》Captain Singleton《辛格顿船长》Moll Flanders《摩尔·弗兰德斯》Colonel Jack《杰克上校》Roxana《洛珊娜传》A Journal of the Plague Year《大疫年记》Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) 乔纳森·斯威夫特The Battle of the Books《书的战争》A Tale of a Tub《一个木桶的故事》The Drapier’s Letters《布商的书信》A Modest Proposal《一个温和的建议》Gulliver’s Travels《格列佛游记》Henry Fielding (1707-1754)亨利·菲尔丁The Coffee-House Politician《咖啡屋政客》Pasquin《讽刺诗文》The Historical Register for the Year 1736《一七三六年历史纪事》Joseph Andrews 《约瑟夫·安德鲁斯》The Life of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great《大伟人乔纳森·威尔德传》The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling《弃儿，汤姆·琼斯传》Amelia《阿米丽亚》Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)塞缪尔·约翰逊A Dictionary of the English Language《英语词典》Lives of the Poets《诗人传》London《伦敦》The Vanity of Human Wishes《人类欲望之虚幻》The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia《阿比西尼亚王子拉塞拉斯》“To the Right Honorable the Eael of Chesterfield”《致切斯特菲尔德书》Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816) 查理德·布林斯利·谢立丹The Rivals《情敌》The School fro Scandal《造谣学校》St. Patrick’s Day《圣·帕特立克节》The Duenna《杜埃娜》The Critic《批评家》Thomas Gray (1716-1771)托马斯·格雷“An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”《墓园挽歌》“Ode on the Spring”《春天颂》“Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College”《伊顿学院的遥远前景颂》“Ode on the Death of a Favorite Cat”《爱猫之死颂》“Hymn to Adversity”《逆境赞》William Blake (1757-1827)威廉·布莱克Poetical Sketches《素描诗集》Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》Songs of Experience《经验之歌》The Marriage of Heaven and Hell《天堂与地域的婚姻》The Book of Urizen《尤里真之书》“The Chimney Sweeper”《扫烟窗的孩子》“The Tyger”《老虎》The Book of Los《洛斯之书》The Four Zoas《四个佐亚》Milton《米尔顿》William Wordsworth (1770-1850) 威廉·华兹华斯The Prelude《序曲》An Evening Walk 《黄昏散步》Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》Ode: Intimations of Immortality《不朽颂》The Excursion《远足》“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”《我好似一朵孤独的流云》“Composed upon Westminster Bridge”《西敏寺桥上》“She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”《她住在人迹罕见的路边》“The Solitary Reaper”《孤独的割麦女》Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔勒治Remorse 《懊悔》Biographia Literaria《文学传记》“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”《老船夫》“Kubla Khan”《忽必烈汗》“Frost at MIdnight”《午夜寒降》George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)乔治·戈登·拜伦Hours of Idleness《懒散时光》English Bards and Scotch Reviewers《英格兰诗人与苏格兰评论家》Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》The Prisoner of Chillon《奇伦的囚犯》Manfred 《曼弗雷德》Cain《该隐》The Island《岛》Don Juan《唐璜》“Song for the Luddites”《献给路德派的歌》“The Isles of Greece”《哀希腊》Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)波西·比希·雪莱The Necessity of Atheism《无神论的必然性》Queen Mab《麦布女王》Alstor《阿拉斯特》Julian and Maddalo《朱利安和马达洛》The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反抗》The Cenci《钦契》Prometheus Unbound《解放了得普罗米修斯》Adonais《安东尼斯》A Defence of Poetry《诗辩》“Ode to a Skylark”《云雀颂》“A Song: Men of England”《给英格兰人的歌》“Ode to the West Wind”《西风颂》John Keats (1795-1821) 约翰·济慈Endymion《恩狄弥翁》Lamia《拉米娅》Isabella《伊莎贝拉》The Eve of Saint Agnes《圣爱尼节前夜》“Ode on a Grecian Urn”《希腊古瓷颂》“Ode to a Nightingale”《夜莺颂》“Ode to Psyche”《普塞克颂》“To Autumn”《秋颂》“Ode on Melancholy”《忧郁颂》Jane Austen (1775-1817) 简·奥斯汀Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Persuasion《劝告》The Watsons《沃森一家》Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》Emma《爱玛》Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德公园》Charles Dickens (1812-1870) 查尔斯·狄更斯Sketches by Boz《博兹素描》The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club《匹克威克外传》Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》David Copperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》Martin Chuzzlewit《马丁·朱述尔维特》Dombey and Son《董贝父子》A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》Bleak House《荒凉山庄》Little Dorrit《小多利特》Hard Times《艰难时世》Great Expectations《远大前程》Our Mutual Friend《我们共同的朋友》The Old Curiosity Shop《老古玩店》Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855) 夏洛特·布朗蒂Jane Eyre《简·爱》Shirley《雪莉》The Professor《教授》Emily Bronte (1818-1848) 埃米莉·布朗蒂Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892) 阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生Poems by Two Bothers《两兄弟诗集》In Memoriam《悼念》Maud《毛黛》Idylls of the King《国王之歌》Enoch Arden《伊诺克·阿登》“Break, Break, Break”《碎了，碎了，碎了》“Crossing the Bar”《过沙洲》“Ulysses”《尤利西斯》Robert Browning (1812-1889) 罗伯特·布朗宁Pauline《波琳》Sordello《索德罗》Dramatic Lyrics《戏剧抒情传》Dramatic Romances and Lyrics《戏剧传奇与抒情诗》Bell and Pomegranates《铃与石榴》Men and Women《男男女女》Dramatic Personae《登场人物》Ring and Book《戒指与书》“My Last Duchess”《我已故的公爵夫人》“Meeting at Night”《夜会》“Parting at Moring”《晨别》George Eliot (1819-1880)乔治·艾略特Adam Bede《亚当·德比》The Mill on the Floss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》Silas Marner《织工马南传》Middlemarch《米德尔马契》Daniel Deronda《丹尼尔·德伦达》Thomas Hardy托马斯·哈代Desperate Remedies《孤注一掷的措施》Under the Green Tree《绿荫下》Far from the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》Tess of the D’urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》Jude The Obscure《无名的裘德》The Dynastes《统治者》The Trumpet Major《喇叭上校》The Mayor of Casterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》The Woodlanders《林中居民》George Berard Shaw (1856-1950) 乔治·萧伯纳Cashel Byron’s Profession《卡希尔·拜伦的职业》Widower’s Houses《鳏夫的房产》Candida《堪迪达》Mrs. Warren’s Profession《华伦夫人的职业》Caesar and Cleopatra《凯撒与克利奥佩特拉》St. Joan《圣女贞德》Pygmalion《皮格马利翁》The Apple Cart《苹果车》Too True To Be Good《真相毕露》John Galsworthy (1867-1933)约翰·高尔斯华绥From the Four Winds《八面来风》The Man of Property《有产业的人》The Silver Box《银匣》The Forsyte Saga《福尔赛世家》In Chancery《骑虎》To Let《出租》William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝The Countess Cathleen《伯爵夫人凯思琳》Cathleen in Houlihan《凯思琳在毫里汗》The Land of Heart’s Desire《理想的国土》Purgatory《炼狱》“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”《茵纳斯弗利岛》“Down by the Salley Gardens”《走过黄柳园》T.S.Eliot (1888-1965) T.S.艾略特“The love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock”《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》The Waste Land《荒原》The Hollow Man《空心人》Ash Wednesday《灰星期三》Four Qurtets《四个四重奏》Murder in the Cathedral《大教堂里的谋杀》The Family Reunion《家庭团圆》The Cocktail Party《鸡尾酒会》Confidential Clerk《心腹职员》The Elder Statesman《资深政治家》D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) 戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯Sons and Lovers《儿子与情人》The White Peacock《白孔雀》The Trespasser《侵犯者》The Rainbow《虹》Women in Love《恋爱中的女人》Aaron’s Rod《阿伦之杖》Kangaroo《袋鼠》The Plumed Serpent《羽蛭》Chatterley’s Lover《查特莱夫人的情人》Lady St. Mawr《烈马圣莫尔》The Daughter of the Vicar《牧师的女儿》The Horse Dealer’s Daughter《马贩子的女儿》The Captain’s Doll《上尉的偶像》James Joyce (1882-1941) 詹姆斯·乔伊斯Dubliners《都柏林人》A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man《青年艺术家的画像》Ulysses《尤利西斯》“Araby”《阿拉比》美国作家作品Washington Irving (1783-1859) 华盛顿·欧文A History of New York《纽约外史》The Sketch Book《见闻札记》Tales Of a Traveler《旅行者的故事》“Rip Van Winkle”《瑞普·凡·温克尔》Bracebridge Hall《布雷斯布里奇田庄》“The Legend of Sleep Hollow”《睡谷的传说》Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) 拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生Nature《论自然》The American《美国学者》Self-Reliance《论自立》The Over-soul《论超灵》The American Scholar《论美国学者》Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) 纳撒尼尔·霍桑Twice-Told Tales《众人皆知的故事》Mosses from Old Manse《古屋青苔》The Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tale雪的形象及其他尽人皆知的故事》The Scarlet letter《红字》The Home of the Seven Gables《有七个尖角阁的房子》The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》The Marble Faun《玉石雕像》“Young Goodman Brown”《年轻的古德曼·布朗》Walt Whitman (1819-1892) 华尔特·惠特曼Leaves of Grass《草叶集》“Song of Myself”《自我之歌》“There Was a Child Went Forth”《有个天天向前走的孩子》“Cavalry Crossing a Ford”《骑兵过河》Herman Melville (1819-!891) 赫尔曼·麦尔维尔Moby-Dick《白鲸》Billy Budd《比利·巴德》Typee《泰比》Omoo《奥穆》Mardi《玛地》Redburn《雷得本》White Jacket《白外衣》Pierre《皮埃尔》Mark Twain (1835-1910) 马克·吐温Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》Life on the Mississippi《密西西比河上的生活》Innocents Abroad《傻子出国记》Roughing It《含辛茹苦》The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》The Gilded Age《镀金时代》A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court《亚瑟王宫廷上的康涅狄格州美国人》The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson《傻瓜威尔逊》Henry James (1843-1916) 亨利·詹姆斯The American《美国人》Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》The Europeans《欧洲人》The Portrait of A Lady《贵妇人的画像》The Bostonians《波士顿人》The Princess of Casamassima《卡撒玛西玛公主》The Private Life《私生活》The Death of a Lion《狮之死》The Turn of the Screw《螺丝在拧紧》The Beast in the Jungl e《丛林猛兽》The Wing of the Dove《鸽翼》The Ambasssadors《大使》The Golden Bowl《金碗》Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) 艾米利·狄金森The Poems of Emily Dickinson 《艾米利·狄金森诗集》“This is my letter to the world”《这是我写给世界的信》“I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died”《当我死的时候，我听到苍蝇嗡嗡叫》“I like to see it lap the Miles”《我爱看它舔食一哩又一哩》“Because I could not stop to death”《因为我不能停步等候死神》Theodore Dreiser (1875-1945) 西奥多·德莱塞Sister Carrie《嘉利妹妹》Jennie Gerhardt《珍妮姑娘》Trilogy of Desire《欲望三部曲》The Financier《金融家》An American Tragedy《美国的悲剧》Ezra Pound (1885-1975) 埃兹拉·庞德The Cantos《诗章》The Pisan Cantos《比萨诗章》Personae《人物》Huge Selwyn MAuberly《休·塞尔温》“In a Station of the Metro”《在地铁站》“The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter”《河商的妻子》Robert Lee Frost (1874-1963) 罗伯特·李·弗洛斯特A Boy’s Will《一个男孩的志向》North of Boston《波士顿以北》Mountain Interval《山间低地》New Hampshire《新罕普什尔》West-Running Brook《西去的河流》A Witness Tree《见证树》“After Apple-Picking”《摘苹果之后》“The Road Not Taken”《没有走的路》“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”《雪夜林边驻脚》Eugene O’Neil (1874-1940)尤金·奥尼尔Beyond the Horizon《天外边》The Straw《草》Anna Christie《安娜。
徐老师原典英语 自学法
电驴资源下面是用户共享的文件列表，安装电驴后，您可以点击这些文件名进行下载徐老师原典英语自学法官方网 /郑重声明：本素材系列经众多师生整理，转载请经楼主同意，仅供学习用，严禁商用【徐老师原典英语自学法】理论与实践《超越哈佛》（徐老师原典英语自学法）节选精华版.pdf 详情 2.5MB《原典月刊》特刊——原典英语实践成果.pdf 详情 1.4MB【徐火辉老师教育随笔】徐火辉老师教育随笔——被“枪毙”了的序言.pdf 详情 229.1KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——向各位青年教师和大学生推荐书目？.pdf 详情 157.7KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——为什么中国英语教学会犯方向性错误.pdf 详情 304.7KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——苏格拉底VS老子VS.少正卯.pdf 详情 185.8KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——上帝之音——“外语学习当以聆听为纲”系列.pdf 详情 165.8KB 徐火辉老师教育随笔——挑刺大翻译家.(.原典法网站上线后写给大学生一小帖.).pdf 详情142.4KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——推荐Twilight？.pdf 详情 129.1KB徐火辉老师教育随笔——答网友文昌之问——邀网友共创作《超越哈佛》第三版.pdf 详情104.6KB【原典英语推荐初级素材】Earlyreads系列（全部为英音）【意大利黑猫出版社Earlyreads系列】使用指南.pdf 详情 408.1KBEarlyreads系列 LEVEL 1(词汇量 100~550）PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载)【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).The.Ugly.Duckling.pdf 详情 11.1MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).The.Ugly.Duckling.rar 详情 2.3MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).The.Enormous.Turnip.pdf 详情 7.7MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1)The.Enormous.Turnip.rar 详情 4.1MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).Dorothy.pdf 详情 6.7MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).Dorothy.rar 详情 3.2MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).A.Trip.to.the.Safari.Park.pdf 详情 5.2MB 【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.1).A.Trip.to.the.Safari.Park.rar 详情 5.3MB Earlyreads系列 LEVEL 2(词汇量 150~700)(PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载)【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).The.Mad.Teacher.pdf 详情 7.6MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).The.Mad.Teacher.rar 详情 16.6MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).Little.Red.Riding.Hood.pdf 详情 6.7MB 【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).Little.Red.Riding.Hood.rar 详情 2.6MB 【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).Mowgli.learns.to.swim.pdf 详情 6.4MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.2).Mowgli.learns.to.swim.rar 详情 16.2MB Earlyreads系列 LEVEL 3(词汇量 200~850)(PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载)【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Cinderella.pdf 详情 7.4MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Cinderella.rar 详情 5.5MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).The.Little.Mermaid.pdf 详情 9.3MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).The.Little.Mermaid.rar 详情 7.4MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Bugaboo.the.Wicked.Witch.pdf 详情 10MB 【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Bugaboo.the.Wicked.Witch.rar 详情 17.1MB 【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).The.Jungle.Book.pdf 详情 7.6MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).The.Jungle.Book.rar 详情 13MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Monster.in.the.Box.pdf 详情 8.6MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.3).Monster.in.the.Box.rar 详情 16.9MB Earlyreads系列.LEVEL.4(词汇量.850~1000)(PDF电子书.mp3音频.完整下载)【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Aesop's.Fables.pdf 详情 14.2MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Aesop's.Fables.rar 详情 5.6MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Christmas.Fun.pdf 详情 11MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Christmas.Fun.rar 详情 14.7MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Festivals!.pdf 详情 10.5MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Festivals!.rar 详情 11.8MB【全彩扫描PDF】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Puss.in.Boots.pdf 详情 8.1MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Puss.in.Boots.rar 详情 6.5MB【全文录音MP3】【Earlyreads】(LEVEL.4).Sleeping.Beauty.rar 详情 7.5MB【原典英语推荐中级素材】04版Black Cat黑猫英语“纯文字版”PDF电子书全下载（共40本书）英国的作品为英音，美国的作品为美音(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.1.PDF电子书.rar 详情 3.3MB(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.2.PDF电子书.rar 详情 3.4MB(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.3.PDF电子书.rar 详情 3.9MB(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.4.PDF电子书.rar 详情 8MB(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.5.PDF电子书.rar 详情 8.2MB(2004版.Black.Cat黑猫英语).level.6.PDF电子书.rar 详情 4.2MB【原典英语推荐中级素材】04版Black Cat黑猫英语“彩印版”PDF电子书全下载（共40本书）英国的作品为英音，美国的作品为美音【1】1.Peter.Pan.彼得.潘.pdf 详情 17.7MB【1】2.Zorro.蒙面侠佐罗.pdf 详情 16.3MB【1】3.American.Folk.Tales.美国传奇故事.pdf 详情 20.9MB【1】4.Davy.Crockett.美国英雄.pdf 详情 17.7MB【1】5.The.True.Story.of.Pocahontas.风中奇缘.pdf 详情 16.4MB【2】1.British.and.American.Festivities.欢乐体验洋节日.pdf 详情 30.8MB【2】2.King.Arthur.and.his.Knights.亚瑟王与圆桌骑士.pdf 详情 20.2MB【2】3.Oliver.Twist.雾都孤儿.pdf 详情 27.2MB【2】4.The.Jumping.Frog.卡城名蛙.pdf 详情 20.7MB【2】5.Robin.Hood.罗宾汉.pdf 详情 23.3MB【3】1.Great.English.Monarchs.and.their.Times.昔日的英国王室1.pdf 详情 37MB 【3】2.Alic's.Adventures.in.Wonderland.艾丽丝漫游奇境记.pdf 详情 33.3MB【3】3.Oscar.Wilde's.Short.Stories.王尔德短篇故事.pdf 详情 27.6MB【3】4.Hamlet.王子复仇记.pdf 详情 27.6MB【3】5.The.Secret.Garden.秘密花园.pdf 详情 27MB【4】1.The.￡1,000,000.Bank.Note.百万英镑.pdf 详情 28.3MB【4】2.Jane.Eyre.简?爱.pdf 详情 36.2MB【4】3.Sherlock.Holmes.Investigates.福尔摩斯探案记.pdf 详情 40.1MB【4】4.Gulliver's.Travel.格利佛游记.pdf 详情 30.6MB【4】5.The.strange.Case.of.Dr.Jekyll.And.Mr.Hyde.化身博士.pdf 详情 28.4MB 【4】6.Classic.Detective.Stories.经典侦探故事.pdf 详情 40.3MB【4】7.The.Phantom.of.the.Opera.歌声魅影.pdf 详情 36.8MB【4】8.Alien.at.School.校园的天外来客.pdf 详情 27.4MB【4】9.Romeo.and.Juliet.罗密欧与朱丽叶.pdf 详情 32.3MB【4】10.Treasure.Island.金银岛.pdf 详情 34.7MB【5】1.A.Christmas.Carol.小气财神.pdf 详情 33.3MB【5】2.The.Tragedy.of.Dr.Faustus.浮士德的悲剧.pdf 详情 40.9MB【5】3.Washington.Square.华盛顿广场.pdf 详情 49MB【5】4.A.Midsummer.Night's.Dream.仲夏夜之梦.pdf 详情 26.7MB【5】5.American.Horror.爱伦.坡恐怖故事.pdf 详情 33.3MB【5】6.Much.Ado.About.Nothing.无事生非.pdf 详情 41.2MB【5】7.The.Canterbury.Tales.坎特伯雷故事.pdf 详情 36.7MB【5】8.Dracula.吸血伯爵.pdf 详情 41.3MB【5】st.of.the.Mohicans.最后的莫希干人.pdf 详情 40.5MB【5】10.The.Big.Mistake.and.Qther.Stories.当代悬疑故事.pdf 详情 39.2MB 【6】1.Frankenstein.科学怪人.pdf 详情 43.8MB【6】2.Pride.and.Prejudice.傲慢与偏见.pdf 详情 46.3MB【6】3.Robinson.Crusoe.鲁滨逊漂流记.pdf 详情 42.9MB【6】4.A.Tale.of.Two.Cities.双城记.pdf 详情 55.8MB【6】5.The.X-Files.Squeeze.X档案之突变异种.pdf 详情 35.6MB【原典英语推荐中级素材】04版Black Cat黑猫英语 mp3音频全下载（共40本书）英国的作品为英音，美国的作品为美音【1】1.Peter.Pan.彼得.潘.mp3.zip 详情 34.8MB【1】2.Zorro.蒙面侠佐罗.mp3.zip 详情 33.6MB【1】3.American.Folk.Tales.美国传奇故事.mp3.zip 详情 34.9MB【1】4.Davy.Crockett.美国英雄.mp3.zip 详情 26.9MB【1】5.The.True.Story.of.Pocahontas.风中奇缘.mp3.zip 详情 33.5MB【2】1.British.and.American.Festivit.乐体验洋节日.mp3.zip 详情 68.4MB 【2】2.King.Arthur.and.his.Knights.亚瑟王与圆桌骑士.mp3.zip 详情 31.8MB 【2】3.Oliver.Twist.雾都孤儿.mp3.zip 详情 51.4MB【2】4.The.Jumping.Frog.卡城名蛙.mp3.zip 详情 31.9MB【2】5.Robin.Hood.罗宾汉.mp3.zip 详情 34.9MB【3】1.Great.English.Monarchs.and.th.日的英国王室.mp3.zip 详情 70.7MB 【3】2.Alic's.Adventures.in.Wonderla.丝漫游奇境记.mp3.zip 详情 60.9MB 【3】3.Oscar.Wilde's.Short.Stories.王尔德短篇故事.mp3.zip 详情 62.8MB 【3】4.Hamlet.王子复仇记.mp3.zip 详情 33MB【3】5.The.Secret.Garden.秘密花园.mp3.zip 详情 39.3MB【4】1.The.￡1,000,000.Bank.Note.百万英镑.mp3.zip 详情 41.5MB【4】2.Jane.Eyre.简?爱.mp3.zip 详情 60.2MB【4】3.Sherlock.Holmes.Investigates.福尔摩斯探案记.mp3.zip 详情 61.7MB 【4】4.Gulliver's.Travel.格利佛游记.mp3.zip 详情 53.7MB【4】5.The.strange.Case.of.Dr.Jekyll.yde.化身博士.mp3.zip 详情 63.5MB 【4】6.Classic.Detective.Stories.经典侦探故事.mp3.zip 详情 67.3MB【4】7.The.Phantom.of.the.Opera.歌声魅影.mp3.zip 详情 67.4MB【4】8.Alien.at.School.校园的天外来客.mp3.zip 详情 46.5MB【4】9.Romeo.and.Juliet.罗密欧与朱丽叶.mp3.zip 详情 55.1MB【4】10.Treasure.Island.金银岛.mp3.zip 详情 72.3MB【5】1.A.Christmas.Carol.小气财神.mp3.zip 详情 55.6MB【5】2.The.Tragedy.of.Dr.Faustus.浮士德的悲剧.mp3.zip 详情 71.8MB【5】3.Washington.Square.华盛顿广场.mp3.zip 详情 71MB【5】4.A.Midsummer.Night's.Dream.仲夏夜之梦.mp3.zip 详情 56.7MB【5】5.American.Horror.爱伦.坡恐怖故事.mp3.zip 详情 31.9MB【5】6.Much.Ado.About.Nothing.无事生非.mp3.zip 详情 71.6MB【5】7.The.Canterbury.Tales.坎特伯雷故事.mp3.zip 详情 71.7MB【5】8.Dracula.吸血伯爵.mp3.zip 详情 72.7MB【5】st.of.the.Mohicans.最后的莫希干人.mp3.zip 详情 72.3MB【5】10.The.Big.Mistake.and.Qther.St.当代悬疑故事.mp3.zip 详情 47.1MB【6】1.Frankenstein.科学怪人.mp3.zip 详情 68.8MB【6】2.Pride.and.Prejudice.傲慢与偏见.mp3.zip 详情 67.9MB【6】3.Robinson.Crusoe.鲁滨逊漂流记.mp3.zip 详情 62.7MB【6】4.A.Tale.of.Two.Cities.双城记.mp3.zip 详情 69.1MB【6】5.The.X-Files.Squeeze.X档案之突变异种.mp3.zip 详情 50.5MB【原典英语推荐中级素材】Black cat有声名著阶梯阅读（2009年7月版，比04年新增24本）英国的作品为英音，美国的作品为美音徐老师原典英语自学法官方网 /【1】6.Great.Expectations.远大前程.pdf 详情 789.1KB【1】6.Great.Expectations.远大前程.mp3.rar 详情 51.1MB【1】7.Rip.Van.Winkle.and.The.Legend.Hollow.睡谷传奇.pdf 详情 786.9KB【1】7.Rip.Van.Winkle.and.The.Legend.low.睡谷传奇.mp3.rar 详情 36.8MB【1】8.The.Happy.Prince.and.The.Self.王子与自私的巨人.pdf 详情 1MB【1】8.The.Happy.Prince.and.The.Self.与自私的巨人.mp3.rar 详情 31.4MB【1】9.The.American.West.美国西部探险.pdf 详情 722.4KB【1】9.The.American.West.美国西部探险.mp3.rar 详情 24.6MB【1】10.Halloween.Horror.万圣节奇遇记.pdf 详情 765KB【1】10.Halloween.Horror.万圣节奇遇记.mp3.rar 详情 39.9MB【1】12.The.Adventures.of.Huckleberry.哈克贝利?费恩历险记.pdf 详情 22.5MB 【1】12.The.Adventures.of.Huckleberry.哈克贝利?费恩历险记.mp3.rar 详情 36.6MB 【1】13.The.Wonderful.Wizard.of.Oz.绿野仙踪.pdf 详情 787.5KB【1】13.The.Wonderful.Wizard.of.Oz.绿野仙踪.mp3.rar 详情 33.5MB【1】15.The.Wind.in.the.Willows.柳林风声.pdf 详情 769.1KB【1】15.The.Wind.in.the.Willows.柳林风声.mp3.rar 详情 35.5MB【1】18.Little.Women.小妇人.pdf 详情 809.7KB【1】18.Little.Women.小妇人.mp3.rar 详情 53.2MB【1】19.Beauty.and.the.Beast.美女与野兽.pdf 详情 777.5KB【1】19.Beauty.and.the.Beast.美女与野兽.mp3.rar 详情 35.6MB【2】10.Ghastly.Ghosts.鬼魅传奇.pdf 详情 764.4KB【2】10.Ghastly.Ghosts.鬼魅传奇.mp3.rar 详情 45.1MB【6】5.The.Problems.of.Cell.13.十三号死刑牢房.pdf 详情 828.4KB【6】5.The.Problems.of.Cell.13.十三号死刑牢房.mp3.rar 详情 51.3MB文本还没有完全弄好，先传mp3,文本整理好会继续上传，请理解：）【1】14.The.Secret.of.the.Stones.石头的秘密.mp3.rar 详情 39.1MB【1】17.Around.the.World.in.Eighty.Days.八十天环游世界.mp3.rar 详情 61.8MB 【1】20.Black.Beauty.黑骏马.mp3.rar 详情 49.8MB【1】16.The.Black.Arrow.黑箭.mp3.rar 详情 56.1MB【原典英语推荐高级素材一】Gone With the Wind.飘.PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载（美音）作者：Margaret Michell 朗读：Linda Stevens[飘.ebook]Gone.With.the.Wind.pdf 详情 4.2MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-1.zip 详情 114.3MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-2.zip 详情 107MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-3.zip 详情 113.6MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-4.zip 详情 112.2MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-5.zip 详情 108.2MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-6.zip 详情 107.7MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-7.zip 详情 109.4MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-8.zip 详情 104.5MB[飘.mp3]Gone.With.The.Wind-9.zip 详情 102.3MB【原典英语推荐高级素材二】A.Short.History.of.Nearly.Everything.万物简史.PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载（英音）[万物简史.ebook].A.Short.History.of.Nearly.Everything.pdf 详情 2.7MB[万物简史.mp3].A.Short.History.of.Nearly.Everything.rar 详情 244.4MB《万物简史》(中译本).[美]比尔?布莱森.[译者]严维明.陈.邕.pdf 详情 13.6MB【原典英语推荐学习软件】mp3切割_MP3Cutter4.0.zip 详情 328.8KB电子词典_金山词霸2009牛津版PowerWord_2009_Oxford.zip 详情 794MBmp3播放_暴风影音2009_3.9.5.29.exe 详情 30.2MBPDF阅读器_AdobeReader_9.1.exe 详情 42.8MB【原典英语拓展素材一】Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见.PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载（英音）[傲慢与偏见.ebook]Pride_and_Prejudice.pdf 详情 5MB[傲慢与偏见.mp3]Pride.and.Prejudice.zip 详情 365.7MB【原典英语拓展素材二】Walden.瓦尔登湖..PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载（英音）作者：Henry David Thoreau 朗读：William Hope[瓦尔登湖.ebook]Walden.pdf 详情 719.1KB[瓦尔登湖.mp3]Walden.rar 详情 284MB【原典英语拓展素材三】A Tale of Two Cities 双城记.PDF电子书+mp3音频.完整下载（英音）[双城记.ebook]A.Tale.of.Two.Cities.pdf 详情 1.5MB[双城记.mp3]A.Tale.of.Two.Cities.rar 详情 550.6MB【原典英语拓展素材四】The Twilight Saga.暮光之城 .PDF电子书+mp3音频完整下载（美音）[【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.1).Twilight.pdf 详情 526.2KB[【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.2).New.Moon.pdf 详情 681.9KB[【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.3).Eclipse.pdf 详情 1.1MB[【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.4).Breaking.Dawn.pdf 详情 1.7MB[【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.1).Twilight.Mp3-VBR.rar 详情 141MB [【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物免费下载(英音美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读)更新中].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.2).New.Moon.Mp3-48kbps.rar 详情 293.9MB [【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物(英音和美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读等)不断更新].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.3).Eclipse.Mp3-32kbps.rar 详情 197.9MB [【徐老师原典英语自学法素材库】原版英文有声分级读物免费下载(英音美音)audiobooks.(Black.Cat有声名著阶梯阅读)更新中].Stephanie.Meyer.Twilight.Saga.(Book.4).Breaking.Dawn.Mp3-48kbps.rar 详情382.3MB【说明】亲爱的网友您好，本帖素材来源于原典英语网站，所以更新晚于论坛您可以前往原典英语交流论坛下载 PDF 和 MP3下载地址： /bbs/showtopic-269.aspx【EARLYREADS系列】学习交流QQ群：19066170【EARLYREADS系列】素材交流论坛（原典英语自学法交流论坛）/bbs声明：以上资源均来自互联网，如需看书，请购买正版书。
The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus
The analysis of the drama
• 浮士德追求无限的知识用以征服自 然，成为世界的主宰，先是沉寂于 逻辑学的智慧中，逻辑学使人善辩 但是创造不出更大的奇迹，止步哲 学 开始医学，发现医学的终境 就是身体健康，就算实现了长生不 老，能够起死回生，也终究
• 只是个凡人，告别医学 发展法 学，法学徒有外表，罪恶的报复是 死亡，决定潜心神学，神学还是不 能阻挡该来的，只有勤奋的魔法师 才有这种力量，这就是全能的神， 浮士德绞尽脑汁获得神性，最后出 卖了自己的灵魂役使魔鬼，逐渐走 向他的厄运。
第三次转变： This study fits a mercenary drudge, Who aims at nothing but external trash; Too servile and illiberal for me. When all is done, divinity is best: 罪恶的报复是死亡。 转向神学。
Christopher Marlowe 1564－1593
–。
比较有影响的早期作品：《帖木儿大 帝》( 1587~1588) 讲述的是不可一世 的蒙古可汗帖木儿征服了亚、欧许多 国家, 却无法挽回他心爱的王后的生 命, 并且悲哀地意识到, 自己作为 “ 上帝的鞭子也有死去的一天”。 另一部作品《马尔他岛的犹太人》 ( The Jew of Malta) 讲述马尔他岛的 犹太富商巴拉巴斯, 生性贪婪, 满屋黄 金, 为了钱财, 狠毒地毒死自己的女儿, 害死女婿。两部作品都表现出资产阶 级上升时期追求无限财富和权力的欲 望, 但作者看得更深远, 指出转变： What will be, shall be? Divinity ,adieu! 该来的总会来的，再见吧， 神学。 Of power, of honour, of omnipotence, Is promis"d to the studious artizan! 一个拥有财富欢愉力量荣誉 和无限全能的世界，许诺给勤奋的 魔法师。
《浮士德》阅读目录
献词
舞台序剧
天上序幕
悲剧 第一部 夜
悲剧 第一部 城门前
悲剧 第一部 书斋
悲剧 第一部 书斋
悲剧 第一部 莱比锡城的奥尔巴赫地下酒店
悲剧 第一部 巫厨
悲剧 第一部 市街
悲剧 第一部 散步
悲剧 第一部 邻妇家
悲剧 第一部 市街
悲剧 第一部 花园
悲剧 第一部 园亭
悲剧 第一部 森林和洞窟
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之毗连众室的大殿
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之御花园
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之幽暗的走廊
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之灯火辉煌的宫殿
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之骑士堂
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之哥特式的居室
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之中世纪风格的实验室
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之古典的瓦卜吉司之夜
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之彭纳渥斯河上游
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之旷野
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之宫殿
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之深夜
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之子夜
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ悲剧 第二部 第五幕之宫中宽广的前庭
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之埋葬
悲剧 第二部 第五幕之山谷，森林，岩石，荒野
悲剧 第一部 葛丽卿的居室
悲剧 第一部 玛尔特的花园
悲剧 第一部 井旁
悲剧 第一部 城廊
悲剧 第一部 夜
悲剧 第一部 大教堂
悲剧 第一部 瓦卜吉司之夜
悲剧 第一部 瓦卜吉司之夜的梦
悲剧 第一部 阴暗的日子
悲剧 第一部 夜，旷野
悲剧 第一部 囚牢
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之风景幽美的地区
悲剧 第二部 第一幕之皇城
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之彭纳渥斯河下游
悲剧 第二部 第二幕之彭纳渥斯河上游
《浮士德》（Faust）约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德（1749-1832）
《浮士德》（Faust）约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德（1749-1832）约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德（Johann Wolfgang von Goethe），德国最伟大的诗人，在世界文学史上占有重要的地位，被称为与荷马、但丁、莎士比亚并列的四大文豪。
《浮士德》是歌德的代表作，为诗体悲剧，它根据十六世纪―民间传说创作而成，是歌德倾注了毕生心血写成的宏篇巨著；它描写主人公浮士德一生探求真理的痛苦经历，反映从文艺复兴到十九世纪初整个欧洲的历史，提示了光明与黑暗，进步与落后，科学与迷信两种势力的不断斗争。
歌德借助浮士德的抱负和追求，表达了他本人对人类未来的远大而美好的理想。
全书由一系列叙事诗、抒情诗、戏剧、歌剧以及舞剧组，涉及神学、神话学、哲学、科学、美学、文学、音乐以及政治经济学。
《浮士德》与荷马的史诗，但丁的《神曲》、莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》并列，同为欧洲的四大名著。
浮士德精神是一种对自我永不满足，不断进取的精神，正如同中国《易经》所说的“天行健，君子以自强不息。
”这种精神反映了人们不断要求突破自我，力争上游的愿望。
正像浮士德所言，“有两个灵魂在我胸中，它们总想分道扬镳；一个怀着一种强烈的情欲，以它的卷须紧紧攀附着现世；另一个却拼命要脱离尘俗，高飞到崇高的先辈居地”。
任凭魔鬼百般以恶诱恶，浮士德虽有暂时的踟躇，但绝不栖息止步。
他的瑰伟之处在于那不竭的活力总是携着人性的善审判内心的恶，这种审判横亘人类的文明进程，也使浮士德的形象葆有难以言尽的魅力。
由于与魔鬼的约定，浮士德不可以对事物有所满足，一旦他说出“停留一会吧”这样的话，他就会堕入地狱。
正是由于这样一种精神，浮士德才能不断地突破自我，去追求爱、美、礼、实践，浮士德才因此在精神探求的范围内成长。
于是人们将这样一种对事物永不满足的精神视为浮士德精神。
浮士德原是个真实人物，生活在十五世纪，1980年是他诞生五百周年，西德为他树立了纪念碑。
无家可归的孤独者——从“家庭”角度解读《浮士德博士的悲剧》中的浮士德形象
收稿日期：2020-07-08作者简介：李蓓蓓（1989－），女，助教，研究方向：英国文学。
白城师范学院学报Journal of Baicheng Normal University《浮士德博士的悲剧》是文艺复兴时期英国剧作家克里斯托弗·马洛（1564-1593）的优秀戏剧代表作之一。
剧中浮士德博士的形象成为学者们关注研究的经典人物形象之一。
该形象被贴上不同的标签——“恶棍”“叛逆者”“渎神者”“僭越者”“邪恶欲望的代表”等，这些形象标签也已被广大读者所接受。
但是笔者认为如果浮士德只是以反面形象存活至今，那么该剧的悲剧意味也就不会那么浓烈了，毕竟“恶有恶报”。
学者冯伟指出“浮士德博士如果只是一个渎神者或叛教者，那么该剧的悲剧内涵将大打折扣”。
［1］通过文本细读，笔者认为浮士德博士与家庭之间存在“剪不断，理还乱”的复杂关系，霍普金斯指出，魔鬼拒绝浮士德娶妻要求和浮士德对公爵夫人的“热爱”，反衬出浮士德渴望有家。
［2］斯多克侯德认为，浮士德对怀孕的公爵夫人的殷勤态度暗示一种扭曲的俄狄浦斯情结，对怀孕母亲形象存在“异常迷恋”心态。
［3］学者从不同的角度提出主人公浮士德与家庭之间存在千丝万缕的联系。
笔者在前人对浮士德“家庭情结”研究的基础上进一步分析，得出浮士德与家庭之间“爱而不得”的复杂关系，即原生家庭的缺失、向魔鬼索妻的失败、对怀孕的凡豪特公爵夫人一家的欣羡、试图与海伦建立虚幻色彩的家庭，塑造出浮士德“悲苦的孤独者”形象，愈发显示出身寒门的浮士德博士的孤苦无依，愈发加深了该剧的悲剧意蕴。
一、原生家庭的缺失原生家庭之爱的缺失是浮士德博士处境的真实写照，残破不堪的家庭关系将其置于无家可归的孤独境地。
在《浮士德博士的悲剧》第一幕中解说员告诉观众：无家可归的孤独者——从“家庭”角度解读《浮士德博士的悲剧》中的浮士德形象李蓓蓓（吉林外国语大学中东欧语学院，长春130117）摘要：《浮士德博士的悲剧》是文艺复兴时期英国剧作家克里斯托弗·马洛的戏剧代表作之一。
The tragedy of Tess(苔丝的悲剧)
The tragedy of Tess（苔丝的悲剧）“Tess of the d'Urbervilles ” is generally regarded as Hardy's finest novel. A brilliant tale of seduction, love, betrayal, and murder, Tess of the d'Ubervilles yields to narrative convention by punishing Tess's sin, but boldly exposes this standard denouement of unforgiving morality as cruelly unjust. Throughout, Hardy characterizes Tess as a daughter of nature who endures the brutality of industrialism through the people and circumstances in her life. Using specific language, character depiction, and story development, Hardy provides a strong argument against the urban movement by showing the reader its harsh effects on the agrarian lifestyle. The novel centers around a young woman who struggles to find her place in society.Tess is a beautiful,intelligent and distinguished woman.But those advantages do not take her happiness or good lucky. It didn't like Jane Eyrea good ending the satisfaction of all with the help of oversea colony's money. In her life is full of Suffering and Unfortunate.Who and what couse the tragedy of Tess? I think there are four factors.At first of all, Tess is the tragedy of the times. Tess was living in the late nineteenth century .At that time, British capitalism begin invading rural. This Phenomenon sets conflicting betweeting country and city. In part, Tess represents the changing role of the agricultural workers in England in the late nineteenth century. Hardy shows that life as a maiden begins in the natural country and ends in the brutal city. Tess's life begins in the rural secluded town of Marlott where the country atmosphere allows her to grow into a virtuous caring young girl. In contrast, Tess's downfall occurs in the city. Towards the end of the tale, when Tess is once again in Alec's possession, negative consequences ensue. She murders Alec in the city of Sandbourne that was like a "fairy place suddenly created by the stroke of a wand." (Pg. 296) The suddenness with which the city is created parallels the quick actions of Tess in murdering Alec d'Urberville. In both scenarios it seems like there was no thought before the action was orchestrated. Once Tess is put to death in the city, the harsh realities of justice and punishment remind the reader of Hardy's pessimistic view of industrialism. Hardy purposely begins and ends Tess's life in such a manner to show her as a sacrifice of rural landscape to the urban movement. Through his portrayal of Tess, Hardy is able to use her entire being to make his negative attitude towards urbanity known.Many people in England were forced to make sacrifices during the industrial revolution. Through language, character depiction, and specific scenes in the novel, Hardy illustrates the harsh effects of industrialism on certain agrarian lifestyles. He shows the reader that the commercialism and emphasis on modernistic ways of life did not fall well with all the people in the land. The substitute of machinery to manual labor came at a heavy price for the beautiful English land and the families who inhabited it. Hardy allows his readers to see that progress may not always be a positive occurrence and good intentions may cause dire consequences.At the beginning of stoy,Tess is a naive country girl. She is primarily a daughter of nature upon whom urbanity will leave its lasting marks. but one day , When her fathe discovere that the low-class Durbeyfield family is in reality the d'Urbervilles,he want Tess to recognizes the relative. Because the family circumstances are poor.tess complies by unvoluntary,even if she feels very ashamed.In there she meets master’s son Alec d’Urberville,who plays a character as chief criminal in her tragic life.An insouciant twenty-four-year-old man, heir to a fortune, and bearer of a name that his fatherpurchased, Alec is the nemesis and downfall of Tess’s life. His first name, Alexander, suggests the conqueror—as in Alexander the GreatZ，who seizes what he wants regardless of moral propriety. His full last name, Stoke-d’Urberville, symbolizes the split character of his family, whose origins are simpler than their pretensions to grandeur. After all, Stokes is a blunt and inelegant name.At the very end of the novel,he becomes a reverent Christian On surface.But when he remeeting Tess, he quickly abandons his newfound Christian faith. It is hard to believe Alec holds his religion, or anything else, sincerely. His supposed conversion may only be a new role he is playing. Indeed Alec is diabolical. Alec creeps up on Tess in the darkness of the Chase and lies with her without her knowing it.He deco nstructed the tess’s chastity and pure.At last,he forces tess to be his lover.Not aslo he really love tess,but only regards tess as his toy. It can be said,he is the immediate cause of tess’s tragedy.Angel Clare is also one of the important factors, caused more serious and terrible harm on tess psychological. Angel Clare is a complex art image. On the one hand,he is Bourgeois intellectuals , having Open minds and independent thinking.He hope depend on his own labor to survive and do not want to inherit his father's mantle..He is a secularist who yearns to work for the “honor and glory of man,” as he tells his father in Chapter XVIII, rather than for the honor and glory of God in a more distant world. A typical young nineteenth-century progressive, Angel sees human society as a thing to be remolded and improved, and he fervently believes in the nobility of man. He rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own. Indeed Angel Clare is a fascinating and good-hearted man. When he was working on the Pasture,a lot of girls admired him. But his love for Tess, a mere milkmaid and his social inferior, is one expression of his disdain for tradition. This independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness that makes him the love object of all the milkmaids with whom he works at Talbothays.But on the other hand, Angel Clare aslo is one of the male chauvinist supporters. In his heart, he is still difficult to get rid of controling by feudal morals.His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.”. Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. So Angel deserts Tess when he finds the innocent country girl he fell in love with is not so pure.On their wedding night, tess confesses that she is not a virgin and explains what happened with Alec d'Urberville. Even though he himself has also had an affair out of wedlock, he becomes upset and is unable to reconcile his real affection for Tess, his wounded pride, and his image of Tess as a pure and virginal figure. He can’t forgive her for having another man’s child even though she forgives him everything. Angel abandons Tess and tells her she cannot contact him; he will contact her. But he has not divorced with tess, because of Men's dignity.At last, after his failure in Brazil, and only then Angel realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. But to his sorrow, when returning to England to find Tess, he discovers tess living in a hotel with Alec d'Urberville.Everthing is too late.In addition, Tess’s character is also an important reason for the tragedy.Although Tess has great courage to against social injustice,she can’t get rid of astrology from her own moral traditions. She understood herself is a victim of the social violence and ethics morals victim. But in while receives which the native place person’s censures, she also consider herselves guilty. To forget the past ,she is Far away her family and home to Tabou Lei. Falls in love with Angel Clare makes her happiness,howere,her heart still fell suffered.Facing Angel Clare’s abandon,she think that is her own crime. Thus she silently endures the unjust fate.In herthingking, strong moral consciousness and religious sense is very obvious. The intense moral sensitivity and psychological atonement causes her to fall into the mire of suffering and tragedy. Tess has a lot of advantages, for instance saidindustriously, selfless, simple. Among them, her most Prominent advantages is pure, as the author described in subheading-“A pure woman”.But the such commendable moral excellence makes her go to the Abyss of tragedy. She is unable to live with Alec for the matter to enjoy ,while she can’t deceive Angel for Own happiness. If Tess is willing, she can request Alec to marry with her,when she was pregnant with his child, and does not have to endure other people's criticism.On wedding night, Listening to the advice of her mother,she can chooses to Hide her busband the matter happened with Alec d'Urberville,like any other women who have suffered simila matter as her.but her pure don’t allow her to do such “simple” matter.Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves.In a word, Tess is a really pure woman. She has many valuable advantages.But because of Personal reasons, soc ial reasons and time reasons,she didn’t have a good end. Her tragedy is inevitable.摘要：《德伯家的苔丝》是英国文学的瑰宝。
马罗《浮士德博士的悲剧》选段FromDoctorFaustus
马罗《浮士德博士的悲剧》选段FromDoctorFaustus[Helen]FAUSTUS:Was this the face that launched a thousand ships,And burnt the topless towers of Ilium?浮士德:使千帆竞发，使伊利安的巍峨城楼烧为灰烬的，就是这一张脸吗？Sweet Helen, made me immortal with a kiss.可爱的海伦，一吻使我永恒。
[Kisses her.]【亲吻她。
】Her lips suck forth my soul—see where it flies!她的双唇吸走了我的灵魂—，瞧，它在那儿飞翔！Come, Helen, come, give me my soul again.来吧，海伦，来吧，重还我的灵魂。
Here will I dwell, for heaven is in these lips,And all is dross that is not Helena.我将栖身于此，因为天堂就在这唇间。
若非海伦娜，一切都是糟粕。
I will be Paris, and for love of thee,Instead of Troy, shall Wertenberg be sacked，因为对你的爱，我会象帕里斯那样，使维滕贝格而非特洛伊，将遭到洗劫。
And I will combat with weak Menelaus,And wear thy colours on my plumed crest;我将和懦弱的墨涅拉俄斯决斗，把你的徽章戴上我的羽冠；Yea, I will wound Achilles in the heelAnd then return to Helen for a kiss.无疑的，我将击中阿基里斯的之踵，然后返回，向海伦献上一吻。
O, thou art fairer than the evening airClad in the beauty of a thousand stars！啊，穿上缀着无数星星的美丽衣服，你比傍晚的天空更美丽！Brighter art thou than flaming JupiterWhen he appeared to hapless Semele，比朱庇特向不幸的塞默勒显露的光芒更明亮!More lovely than the monarch of the skyIn wanton Arethusa's azured arms;比在淫佚的的阿瑞图莎蔚蓝色臂弯里的天帝更可爱；And none but thou shalt be my paramour!除了你，没有谁会成为我的情人！。
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【使用指南】Black Cat有声名著阶梯阅读（以下内容摘自《徐老师原典英语自学法》（徐火辉著）第二章）在使用时，一定要做到聆听先行，听读结合，即：■①打开一个MP3文件（一般3~5分钟，最多不超过10分钟），不看任何文本，先静气聆听3~5遍后，谨记：千万不可看文本；■②聆听至少3遍后，打开PDF阅读刚才听的部分，生词可以用金山词霸查，大概读2~3遍；■③关掉PDF，闭目再听1~2遍;■④最后，可以进行跟读，朗诵，背诵，写作等操练。
◆◆◆◆◆方案1.暑期50天自学速成训练方案◆◆◆◆◆训练素材：香港商务印书馆授权上海华东师范大学出版的Black Cat优质英语阶梯有声读物Level1-Level6+VOA慢速英语。
训练量：每天运用原典英语训练法学习6个小时，总训练时间300小时。
训练目标：听读能力达到高考水准。
训练具体方法：从Black Cat系列有声读物Level1起步，每个Level选约4个故事，一个故事一个故事地运用原典英语学习法的432+模式训练，即先专注听4遍，随即立刻认真读3遍，然后再聆听2遍。
Black Cat系列有声读物Level1–Level3的每个故事长度平均约30分钟，并进一步分割成平均约4分钟左右的段落（课文/音频文件），Level4-Level6的每个故事长度平均约50分钟。
学习者要一课一课地完成聆听-阅读-聆听。
即，（1）.从Level1的某个故事开始，先专注聆听4遍约4分钟的音频文件，共约16分钟；（2）.然后在电脑上打开对应的文本文件，激活翻译软件的屏幕取词翻译功能，认真阅读理解3遍；但除了零起点的学生，一般不要用翻译软件的整句翻译功能，而应该自己先努力阅读理解，碰到生词再使用翻译软件翻译目标生词，碰到个别实在无法理解难句可尝试使用整句翻译（但整句翻译往往并不准确）；（3）.再将此阅读过的内容，认真重复聆听2遍。
完成这一轮训练后，一般就可立刻进入到下一篇课文/音频文件，继续采用上述432模式程序训练…。
每天6个小时的训练学习中，5个小时用于432听-读-听训练，1个小时用于扩展训练。
扩展训练主要用于背诵记忆单词和词组，即前述432训练程序中遇到的生词，把它们再列表复习背诵；并可以选出听读过的一些常用句型做口语化训练。
Level1–Level3一共选约12个故事，对应的音频文件朗读总长度约为6小时，约36,000单词的听读量。
假设训练中阅读3遍需要10倍于朗读时间（即4分钟的朗读，认真阅读其对应文本3遍，需要40分钟；实际上第一遍认真阅读耗时比较长，第二和第三遍就可以越读越快），那么6个小时的朗读量，用432模式训练需要6X（6+10）=96个小时，加上扩展训练约需20个小时（本方案中听-读-听训练和扩展训练的比例约为5:1），总共116个小时，不到20天即可完成。
然后进入到Level4阶段。
从Level4开始，学习者大体按照2:1的比例，联合分别使用Black Cat系列和VOA慢速英语训练，以扩展听读题材的广度。
VOA慢速英语包括诸如科技、医疗健康、教育、经济和农业等多方面的专题素材，以及新闻等。
对Black Cat系列，学习者仍旧可使用432模式训练，对VOA慢速英语，学习者可主要使用321模式训练，并根据题材难度和自身条件适当调整。
经过50天的速成训练，学习者累计的听读素材超过18个小时的朗读总量，合约108,000个英语单词。
此时聆听素材的语速已经超过高考水平，文本句型复杂度相当高考水平，学习者的英语语感已经初步确立，听力飞速进步，阅读能力也显著进步，英语学习的灵感源源而生，自信心和兴趣倍增。
50天之后，保持每天一到两个小时的训练量，学习者再坚持一两个学期，就必定能在班级和年级的各种英语考试中名列前茅，英语能力的运用更突飞猛进，超过高考英语水平。
◆◆◆◆◆方案2.原典英语6个月自学训练方案◆◆◆◆◆训练素材：香港商务印书馆授权上海华东师范大学出版的Black Cat优质英语阶梯有声读物Level1-Level6+VOA慢速英语。
训练量：每天运用原典英语训练法学习2个小时，总训练时间360小时。
训练目标：听读能力超越高考水准。
训练具体方法：同方案1，惟一的不同在于每天训练的时间减少，但总训练时间增加20％。
学习者要设法在周末和节假日期间增加训练量，争取在六个月之内完成360小时以上的训练总量。
（以上内容摘自《徐老师原典英语自学法》（徐火辉著）第二章）The Tragedy of Dr Faustusby Christopher MarlowePart One (3)Part Two (7)Part Three (11)Part Four (16)Part Five (22)Part Six (27)Part Seven (32)Part Eight (35)Part Nine (39)Part OneFaustus was born in Germany,in a town called Rhode.His parents were not rich,but the boy showed that he was very intelligent and ambitious.He was sent to Wittenberg University when he was a young man and soon made a reputation for himself.He became famous in the University for his knowledge and his wit①and it was not long before the University made him 'Dr'Faustus.His success meant very little to him,however,and he longed for②excitement and glamour③.One night he was in his study thinking about the future.His studies now seemed dull to him and he did not know what he should do.He looked at the books lying on his desk and began to pick them up one by one.The first book he picked up was a study of Aristotle.He turned the pages idly④.'The purpose of logic is to argue well,'he read.He threw the book back onto the desk impatiently.'I've learnt everything that was possible from logic.I can argue and debate better than most of the professors here at the University!'he thought.He picked up a second book from the desk and glanced⑤at the title page. 'The purpose of medicine is health,'he read.Again he threw the book back onto his desk impatiently.'I'm already famous for my medical skills,'he thought proudly.'I don't①wit：才智。
②longed for：渴望。
③glamour：魅力。
④idly：懒洋洋地。
⑤glanced：瞥视。
need to study medicine any more.Besides,what can medicine do?It can't make people live forever and it can't bring the dead back to life.'Once again he reached for a book from the pile on his desk.This time he picked up a volume about law.'Law!'he thought scornfully①.'That might be all right for someone who just wants to make money—but law doesn't satisfy me.'Finally Dr Faustus picked up a Bible.'This is still the best subject to study,'he thought.He turned the pages of the Bible with interest and then read a passage.'If we say we have no sin②we deceive③ourselves and there is no truth in us,'he read.'But if that's true,'Faustus suddenly thought,'we're all sinners.Sinners go to hell when they die.We'll all go to hell!'he concluded.'There's nothing we can do about it at all—it's just inevitable④!'He pushed the Bible away from him impatiently.He reached out for another book.'Ah,'he said excitedly,'a book of magic and spells⑤!That's what really interests me.If I learnt the black arts,just think what I could do!I'd be more powerful than a King or Emperor.This is the subject I want to know more about.'Dr Faustus had made up his mind.He was going to learn about magic and the black arts.He thought about two friends he had in Wittenberg,Valdes and Cornelius.They both studied magic and they had offered to teach①scornfully：轻蔑地。