WSI Furniture Construction Standard - July 15 2007
TB117_2013加州防火标准2013版
Department of Consumer Affairs
BUREAU OF ELECTRONIC & APPLIANCE REPAIR
HOME FURNISHINGS & THERMAL INSULATION
4244 SOUTH MARKET COURT, SUITE D
E.2
E.3
F. TEST FACILITY AND HAZARDS The exhaust system and hazards are described in Annex A. G. APPARATUS AND STANDARD TEST MATERIALS The apparatus and standard test materials are specified in Annex B and C. H. CONDITIONING Condition test specimens and cigarettes prior to the test for a minimum of 24 hours at 21° ± 3 °C (70° ± 5 °F) and less than 55% relative humidity. If conditions in the test area are not the same as in the conditioning area, tests should begin within 10 minutes of removal of samples from conditioning area. SECTION 1: COVER FABRIC TEST
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D. SUMMARY OF TEST METHOD These test methods consist of several tests used to evaluate the cigarette ignition resistance of upholstery cover fabrics, barrier (interliner) materials, resilient filling materials, and decking materials used in the manufacture of upholstered furniture. Each test involves a miniature assembly consisting of the component to be tested along with other specified materials, mounted on a plywood mock-up that resembles a small chair seat and back. The assembly is exposed to a lighted cigarette as an ignition source. E. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE E.1 These test methods are intended to estimate the performance of upholstered furniture under conditions of exposure to a smoldering cigarette. This is accomplished by testing furniture component assemblies. However, interactions between components in production furniture are not necessarily predicted by component assembly testing. These test methods are not intended to measure the performance of upholstered furniture under conditions of open flame exposure and do not indicate whether the furniture will resist the propagation of flame under severe fire exposure or when tested in a manner that differs substantially from the test standard. The results obtained with a material component tested in mock-up, in accordance with these test methods, do not necessarily indicate the performance of the same material component in other geometrical configurations, such as in full size furniture.
美国软体家具阻燃性法规和标准体系概述
国际研究美国软体家具阻燃性法规和标准体系概述■ 司银平 王红强 王林婉（广东产品质量监督检验研究院）摘 要：本文详细阐述了美国软体家具阻燃性法规及其标准体系。
对美国软体家具阻燃性法规进行了概述，并重点论述了法规16 CFR Part 1633、16 CFR Part 1632和16 CFR 1640的适用范围和测试要求等，分析了美国家具标准体系的特点并列举了主要的ANSI软体家具阻燃标准，最后指出了美国软体家具阻燃性法规和美国家具标准体系的优缺点。
为软体家具出口企业进行产品设计开发提供指导意见，并为我国日益完善的家具标准体系提供一些借鉴。
关键词：美国，阻燃，软体家具DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1002-5944.2023.17.043Overview of Regulations and Standards System of Upholstered FurnitureFlame Retardant in the U.S.SI Yin-ping WANG Hong-qiang WANG Lin-wan（Guangdong Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision）Abstract:The paper elaborates on the technical regulation and standards system of upholstered furniture fl ame retardant performance in the U.S. in detail, provides an overview of US regulations of upholstered furniture fl ame retardant ,with a focus on regulations 16 CFR Part 1633, 16 CFR Part 1632, and16 CFR 1640. The paper analyzes characteristics of the US standards system for upholstered furniture and the main ANSI standards for upholstered furniture fl ame retardant. Finally, the paper points out advantages and disadvantages of US regulations and standards system for upholstered furniture fl ame retardant, in order to provide guidance for Chinese upholstered furniture export enterprises to design their products, and provide reference for the increasingly perfect furniture standards system in China.Keywords: the U.S., fl ame retardant, upholstered furniture0 引 言美国是世界上技术法规比较健全和完善，并且标准化工作发展最早的国家之一。
外贸知识家居类术语中英文对照
【外贸知识】家居类术语中英文对照中国是出口大国，从事贸易工作的人才比例也是非常大的。
因此，相关的专业术语很多，英语词汇就更不用说了。
下面是留学为您整理的外贸知识家居类术语中英文对照，希望对您有所帮助！A可调床气床（儿童床）防滑楼梯打击扶手古式家具仿古家具扶手椅B婴儿床不设背板的壁橱竹家具宴会椅吧椅浴室配套装置浴室组合柜浴室多用架浴室家具浴室盥洗台板条门床架，床套成套床架卧室系列家具床架曲木家具床头柜桦木门会议桌书柜书架配套厨房家具双层床双层床C儿童多功能床船用家具带天篷的床，四柱床边音响组合柜脚轮椅可调桌多屉橱柜童床's儿童床's 儿童卧房系列家具's 儿童椅（）整体拆装式家具挂衣杆吧柜，酒柜鸡尾酒桌茶几，咖啡桌组合柜复合家具小桌（装在墙上的）蜗形腿台桌订做家具，承建家具订做家具拐角扶杆童床（婴儿床）长沙发椅橱柜套房衣柜窗帘，挂帘订做家具装饰灯具餐厅家具起居室配套家具餐桌长沙发，沙发床隔墙板及系列自装式家具双人床双人沙发床双面镜吧椅抽屉梳妆台E轻便椅茶几门厅家具户外门F文件柜壁炉固定家具家居用品翻门花架平面门，全板门折叠椅折叠家具民间家具踏脚凳带框镜子模式家具法式桌椅弯脚玻璃门多功能沙发椅卧室家具公共场所家具G玩具桌折叠桌玻璃陈设柜玻璃陈设柜玻璃容器制品玻璃门H厅房家具衣帽架床头祖传家具儿童高脚床（不带屉柜）高脚椅高背办公椅家庭家具，民用家具家庭办公家具酒店家具家庭家具碗架I风俗家具，公用家具J学生书桌椅K厨房地砖餐具柜厨房椅、圆凳及条椅厨房固定家具厨房餐桌厨房成套家具L灯桌板条格直板门写字板椅起居室家具衣帽柜客厅家具百叶窗柜门低背办公椅低背来宾椅低背接待椅M中背经理椅镶边平板门床垫，席梦思中背办公椅金属家具玻璃门多屉柜梳妆镜多用沙发多用桌N茶几O配套家具，休闲家具休闲桌办公家具办公座椅办公桌P隔断折面桌园艺工用椅塑料家具娱乐家具高背办公椅伸缩餐具滕家具躺椅长餐桌摇摆椅转椅乡村风格家具长方桌红漆木箱圆床圆凳圆桌圈椅S课桌屏风座椅写字桌（尤指有抽屉及分类格者）秘书椅拼合沙发半拆装家具独立厨柜送餐桌长靠椅组合架鞋架小桌餐具柜席梦思床单人床板条凳可睡沙发沙发沙发床沙发桌软椅钢丝床;弹簧床弹簧座椅方凳方桌扶手椅钢制写字台保险柜梯凳凳子;搁脚凳伞架直背椅保险箱单人沙发床衣箱;小型旅行箱帆布折叠躺椅转动凳。
木工家具行业用英语辞汇翻译对照表
木工家具行业经常使用英语辞汇翻译对照表1、家具种类AAdjustable bed 可调床Air bed 气床Anti-slip strip for stairs （儿童床）防滑楼梯冲击扶手Antique furniture 古式家具Antique reproduction furniture 仿古家具Armchair 扶手椅BBaby crib 婴儿床Backless wall-unit 不设背板的壁橱Bamboo furniture 竹家具Banqueting chair 宴会椅Barstool 吧椅Bathroom accessories 浴室配套装置Bathroom combination 浴室组合柜Bathroom consoles 浴室多用架Bathroom furniture 浴室家具Bathroom vanity 浴室盥洗台Batten door 板条门Bed base床架，床套Bed base set 成套床架Bedroom suite 卧室系列家具Bedstead 床架Bentwood furniture 曲木家具Beside table 床头柜Birch door 桦木门Board-room and conference table 会议桌Bookcase 书柜Bookshelf 书架Built-in kitchen 配套厨房家具Bunk 双层床Bunk bed 双层床CCabin bed 儿童多功能床Cabin furniture for ships 船用家具Canopy bed 带天篷的床，四柱床CD-video storage cabinet边音响组合柜Chair with castors 脚轮椅Changing table 可调桌Chest of drawers 多屉橱柜Child cot 童床Children’s bed 儿童床Children’s bedroom suite 儿童卧房系列家具Children’s chair 儿童椅CKD(complete knock down) 整体拆装式家具Clothes rail 挂衣杆Cocktail cabinet 吧柜，酒柜Cocktail table 鸡尾酒桌Coffee table 茶几，咖啡桌Combine-unit 组合柜Composite furniture 复合家具Console 小桌Console table （装在墙上的）蜗形腿台桌Contract furniture 订做家具，承建家具Contract programmes 订做家具Corner sofa suite 拐角扶杆Cot 童床（婴儿床）Couch 长沙发椅Cupboard 橱柜Cupboard wall unit for flat 套房衣柜Curtain 窗帘，挂帘Customized furniture 订做家具DDecorative lighting 装饰灯具Dining room furniture 餐厅家具Dining room set 起居室配套家具Dining table 餐桌Divan 长沙发，沙发床Dividing wall and fitted wall unit 隔墙板及系列DIY furniture 自装式家具Double-bed 双人床Double function sofa-bed 双人沙发床Double sided mirror 双面镜Draughtsman chair 吧椅Drawer 抽屉Dressing table 打扮台EEasy chair 轻便椅End table 茶几Entrance hall furniture 门厅家具Exterior door户外门FFiling cabinet 文件柜Fireplace壁炉Fitment 固定家具Fitting 家居用品Flap 翻门Flower stand 花架Flush door 平面门，全板门Folding chair 折叠椅Folding furniture 折叠家具Folk furniture 民间家具Foot-stool 踏脚凳Framed mirror 带框镜子French-type furniture 模式家具French cabinet 法式桌椅弯脚French door 玻璃门Function sofa多功能沙发椅Furniture for bedrooms 卧室家具Furniture for public premises 公开场合家具GGame table 玩具桌Gate-leg table折叠桌Glass cabinet 玻璃陈列柜Glass case玻璃陈列柜Glass unit and container 玻璃容器制品Glazed door 玻璃门HHall furniture 厅房家具Hat and coat stand 衣帽架Headboard 床头Heirloom quality furniture 家传家具High bed 儿童高脚床（不带屉柜）High chair 高脚椅Highback executive chair 高背办公椅Home furniture 家庭家具，民用家具Home office furniture 家庭办公家具Hotel furniture 酒店家具Household furniture 家庭家具Hutch碗架IInstitutional furniture 风俗家具，公用家具JJunior desk chair 学生书桌椅KKitchen block /kitchen rock 厨房地砖Kitchen cabinet 餐具柜Kitchen chair, stool and bench 厨房椅、圆凳及条椅Kitchen fitment 厨房固定家具Kitchen table 厨房餐桌Kitchen unit 厨房成套家具LLamp table 灯桌Lath grid 板条格Ledged door 直板门Link chair 写字板椅Living room furniture 起居室家具Locker 衣帽柜Lounge furniture 客厅家具Louvered door 百叶窗柜门Lowback executive chair 低背办公椅Lowback guest chair 低背宾客椅Lowback visitor chair 低背接待椅MManagerial mediumback chair 中背领导椅Margined flush door 镶边平板门Mattress 床垫，席梦思Mediumback executive chair 中背办公椅Metal furniture金属家具Mirror door 玻璃门Mirror for chest of drawers 多屉柜打扮镜Multi-purpose sofa 多用沙发Multi-purpose table 多用桌NNest 茶几OOccasional furniture 配套家具，休闲家具Occasional table 休闲桌Office furniture 办公家具Office seating 办公座椅Office table 办公桌PPartition wall 隔间Pembroke table 折面桌Planters chair 园艺工用椅Plastic furniture 塑料家具Play furniture 娱乐家具Presidential highback chair 高背办公椅Pull-out table 伸缩餐具RRattan furniture 藤家具Recliner 躺椅Refectory table长餐桌Rocking chair 摇摆椅Rotary chair 转椅Rustic style furniture 乡村风格家具SSchool table 课桌Screen 屏风Seat痤椅Seating element 痤垫Secretarial chair 秘书椅3-section mirror 三面打扮镜semi-CKD 半拆装家具serving table送餐桌shelving combination2、家具机械Aaccessory equipment 附属设备adhesion test instrument for the wood coating 木材涂层附着力测定仪adz(e) 手斧，刮刀air brake 空气制动器，气闸air compressor 空气紧缩机air conditioning unit 风向调剂器air nailer 风动钉钉机air operated automatic control 气动自动操纵air tacker气（风）动钉钉机air tool 风动工具automatic band saw sharpener 带锯自动锉锯机automatic circular saw sharpener 自动锉（圆）锯机automatic controlled machine 自控机床automatic copy shaper 自动仿型刨边机（单刀）automatic copy shaper(double heads)(with splash guard) 自动仿型刨边机（双轴）（附平安门）automatic feeder for veneer dryer 单板干燥机的自动填料机automatic hydraulic backnife wooden lathe 全自动液压背刀式木工车床automatic loader and unloader 自动装卸机automatic rotary table shaper 自动转台式成型机automatic sponge drum sander 自动鼓式海绵砂光机automatic strake belt sander 自动带式砂光机automatic stroke belt sander 自动（抚摸）砂光机automatic tapping and screwing machine 自动攻牙锁螺丝机automatic turning sander 全自动砂光机，自动圆棒砂光机automatic wide-belt sander 宽带砂光机BBack and arm impact test machine 椅背扶手冲击实验机balance cut-off saw 平稳截断锯Band and circular saw sharpener 带锯圆面积锯两用锉锯机Band resaw 再分带锯机Band saw 带锯Band saw clamp 带锯夹Band saw machine 带锯机Band saw machine with auto-feed carriage 带锯机附自动填料传送车Band saw machine with hand-feed carriage 带锯机附手扒送料车Band saw sharpener 带锯磨锯机Band saw shear 带锯剪（截）机Band saw slasher 多带横切锯Band saw stretcher 带锯滚压机Band saw welding clamp接锯机Band sawing 带锯制材Band scroll saw 细木工带锯，曲线带锯Barefaced tenon 裸面榫Bark-peeler 剥皮机Barking drum 鼓式剥皮机Barking machine 剥皮机Belt conveyor 带式传送器Belt drier 带式干燥机Belt drive 皮带传动Belt grinder 带式磨床Belt sander 带式砂光机Bentwood forming machinery曲木成型机Bevel saw 斜面锯Bifurcated rivet 开叉钉Bit 齿片，钻头Blade 锯条Block plane 短刨Blower通风机，鼓风机Blower kiln 鼓风式干燥窑Bobbin sander 轴式砂光机Body press （家具）装配压床Boring machine 钻床Bow saw 弓锯Brash chopper 枝梢切断机Breathing veneer drier 呼吸式单板干燥机Buffing machine 抛光机Business item 产品Butting saw 截锯，齐头锯CCabinet whole-plant equipment 橱柜整厂设备Carbide tool grinder 炭素钢刀具研磨机Carving machine 雕刻机Centerless sander 圆棒砂光机Centrifugal blower 离心通风机Chain-belt conveyer veneer drier 网带式单项式板干燥机Chain mortiser 插床Chain saw 链锯Chain saw machine 链锯机Chair aim static load test machine 椅扶手静荷实验机Chair back and arm impact test machine 椅背扶手冲击实验机Chair back static load test machine 座椅靠背静荷实验机Chair leg static load test machine椅腿静荷实验机Chair stability test machine座椅靠背耐久性实验机Chair whole-plant equipment 椅子整厂设备Chip board press 碎木板压合机Chip edger 双削齐边锯Chromometer 比色机Circular gang-saw 圆排锯Circular saw bench 简单圆面积锯机Circular saw bench for band feed ripping 手工送料纵切圆锯机Circular-saw sharpener 圆锯锉锯机Coating adhesion test instrument 漆膜附着力实验仪Coating impact instrument 漆膜冲击仪Coating surface impact instrument漆膜表面冲击仪Concave plane 凹底刨Concave saw 凹面（圆）锯Conveyor输送机Copier 复印机Corner locking machine 锁角机Cross cut band saw machine 横切带锯Cup type wheel stone机碗形砂轮Cup wheel杯形砂轮Curtain flow coater 淋幕式平面涂装机Custom 订做Customized solutions 订做胶水Cut-to –size saw 裁板锯Cutting block组合铣刀Cutting head 刀座，刀头Cutting jip 切削夹具Cylinder saw 桶形锯，圆桶锯Cylindircal saw 圆桶锯DDado head 组合刀头Debarder 剥皮机Deck planer大型电刨Decorative tip 装饰物Disc and spindle sander 盘式轴式联合砂光设备Disc planer 圆盘刨Disc sander 圆盘砂光机Door whole-plant equipment 门斗整厂设备Double band saw双边带锯Double belt sander 双边砂光机Double bevel cutter 双斜刨刀Double-edge cutting band saw 双边齿带锯Double-side planer双面刨木机double spindle shaper 双轴铣床Double surface oscillating curve sander 双面震动曲型杪光机Double surface planer双面刨Double surfacer 双（面）压刨Double-swage(set)saw 双压料锯Double thicknesser 双（面）压刨Dovetail machine 鸠尾榫机Dowel making machine暗榫（加工）机Drag saw sharpener狐尾机，锉锯机Drawer durability test machine 抽屉耐久性实验机Dresser 砂轮修整器，砂轮刀Drop test machine 跌落实验机Drum barker 滚筒剥皮机Drum sander 滚筒砂光机Drunken saw 摇摆（圆）锯Dust cleaner conveyor 粉尘清除输送机Dust collector 集尘器3. 家具木材AAbele银白杨Abnormal wood 异样（木）材Acoustic acid board 吸音纤维板Acoustical board 吸（隔）音板Adjustable template 可调剂的样板Adult wood 成年材African blackwood 非洲黑木黄檀African ebony 非洲乌木African mabogany 非洲桃花心木African padauk 非洲紫檀Aging 老化，陈化Air drying 大气干燥Air seasoning 天然干燥Alaska fir 阿拉斯加冷杉木Alaska yellow cedar 阿拉斯加柏木Alder 赤杨类American ash 美国白蜡木American beech 美国山毛榉American eim 美国榆，白榆American plane 美国悬铃木American tulipwood美国鹅掌揪Annual ring 年轮Apron 望板Armor-plywood 金属贴面板Arris 棱Artificial slabs人造板Artificial timber 人造木材Ash 白蜡木Aspen 白杨类BBabool 阿拉伯胶树Back 背板Back board背板Back veneer 衬板Bald cypress 落羽杉Bamboo 竹子Basswood 椴木，美国椴木Batten board 条板心细木工板Beech 山毛榉木Beech parquet 山毛榉拼花地板Bent wood （弯）曲木Birch 白桦，Birdseye maple雀眼枫木板Block 塞角Block floor 拼花地板Blockboard 细工木板Board 板材Bottom 底板Bowing 顺弯Branch wood 枝条材Brazilian mahogany 巴西桃花心木Bright sap 净面边材，无皮边材Broad leaf wood 阔叶材，硬材Brown ash 美国深色白蜡木Burl 树疤，树瘤CCaul 垫板，衬板Cedar 雪松，杉木Ceylon ebony乌木Cherry 樱桃木Chile pine 智利松Chinese chi （中国）漆树Chip 木屑# 1 common 普一级#2 common 普二级compreg 胶压木compressed wood 紧缩木coniferous species 针叶树种continuous layer board 多层板cork 软木cottonwood 三角叶杨，杨木（毛白杨类）crook 弯曲木cross rail 拉档crotch 丫权cupping 翘弯curly birch 皱纹桦木板curved laminated wood 弯曲层积材curved plywood曲型合板cypress针叶树DDado 护墙板，墙裙Damp room panel 防潮镶板Decay 初腐Deciduous species 阔叶树种Décor panel镶板，装饰板Delta wood 多层木Densified wood 强化木材Density of wood 木材密度Dent啃头Depth of cut 切削量（深度）Diffuse porous wood 散孔材Dimension 规格Dimension stock规格材Dimple djohar 波纹Door frame 鸡翅木Door lining 门框Dovetail 门衬板Dowel 燕尾榫Drawer front 圆榫Drawer side 屉旁板Dressed timber净材EEastern cottonwood （美国）东部杨木Eastern hemlock （加拿大）铁杉Eastern larch 落叶松Eastern white pine （美国）白松Ebony 乌木Edge cutting 封边Elm 榆木Elm burl 榆木树瘤薄木板End cutting 截头English plane 英国悬铃木Eucalyptus 桉木，桉树（类）Eucalyptus pom 柠檬铁皮桉木板Europe cherry 欧洲樱桃木板Eropean ash 欧洲白蜡木European beech 欧洲桦木European birch 欧洲桦木European chestnut 欧洲栗木European hop-hornbeam 欧洲穗子榆European horse-chestnut 欧洲七叶树European larch 欧洲落叶松European lime 欧洲椴木European spruce 欧洲云杉European yew 欧洲紫杉Excelsior-board 木丝板Exotics 外来木Exterior plywood 室外用胶合板HFace veneer 表面单板FAS 一级和二级FAX 1F 单面一级Fibre board纤维板Fiddle back提琴背（板）Fiddle butt 乐器用材Figured 影木Figured sycomore 梧桐影木Fine wood board 纤维板Flakeboard 碎料板Flakes 薄片刨花Flame-retardant fibre building board 耐火纤维板Flat-grain lumber 平切纹板材Flooring 地板Flush panel 平（光）镶板Formed plywood 模压（成型）胶合板Frame core flush panel 中空合板From sustainable forests 来自可持续进展的丛林Furniture dimension stock 家具规格材Furniture plywood家具胶合板Furniture veneer制作家具用的薄片GGap 离缝Giant cedar （美国）侧柏Gloss 光泽度Grade 品级Grade of lumber 成材品级Graded分品级Grain 纹理HHackberry 朴树Band selected 手工挑选Hard board 硬质纤维板Hard maple 硬枫木，械树Hardy catapa （美国）梓树Heat board 心板Hickory 山核桃木High-density plywood 紧缩胶合板，高密度胶合板High gloss 超光泽度High moisture resistant(HMR) 高强度抗湿Hipboard 细木工板Hole drilling 打眼Honey-comb core plywood 蜂窝心胶合板Huanghauli wood 黄花梨木IIdentification of timbers 木材识别Imitation wood 仿造材Imported timber 入口材Impregnated wood （合成树脂）浸渍木Indian camphor 印度樟木Indian chestnut 印度栗木Indian cinnamon印度肉桂Indian ebony 印度乌木Indian “laurel” 印度“月桂树”Insect attack虫眼Inserting panel 装板Install wood strip flooring 安装地板条JJapanese beech 日本山毛榉Japanese larch 日本落叶松Japanese(red)pine 日本赤松Japanese thuja 罗汉柏Japanese white pine 日本五须松Joint flooring 企口地板Jointless flooring 无缝地板KKarelian birch克假设利安桦木板Kerf width 锯路宽度Khaya 非洲桃花心木Kiln dried pine 窑干松木Kiln drying 人工窑干燥Kind of timber 材种Kirl 紫花泡桐Knob 节子Knock-down carcass 可随时拆卸的框架Knot 木节，节疤LLaminate 层压Laminated wood 层积材，多层胶合木Leg 腿，脚Liquid cutting of wood 木材水力切割Log 原木Log grade 原木品级。
家具行业专业英语
家具行业专业英语1. IntroductionThe furniture industry is a booming sector that encompasses the manufacturing, retail, and distribution of furniture for both residential and commercial purposes. With increasing globalization and international trade, proficiency in professional English terminology is essential for individuals engaged in the furniture industry. This document aims to provide a comprehensive guide to professional English vocabulary related to the furniture industry.2. Types of Furniture2.1 Residential Furniture•Sofa: A long upholstered seat with a backrest and arms, designed for seating multiple people.•Bed: A piece of furniture used for sleeping or resting.•Wardrobe: A furniture piece used for storing clothes, typically equipped with drawers and a hanging rod.•Dining table: A table used for dining, typically accompanied by chairs.•Bookcase: A shelving unit used for storing books and other items.2.2 Commercial Furniture•Office chair: A chair specifically designed for use in an office environment.•Conference table: A large table used for meetings and conferences.•Reception desk: A desk used by receptionists to welcome and assist visitors.•Filing cabinet: A storage cabinet used for organizing and storing documents.•Workstation: A desk equipped with a computer and other office equipment.3. Materials Used in Furniture3.1 Wood•Hardwood: Wood derived from angiosperm trees and typically characterized by its density and durability.•Softwood: Wood derived from gymnosperm trees and typically characterized by its lightness and ease of shaping.•Particleboard: An engineered wood product made from wood chips and a synthetic resin binder.•MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard): An engineered wood product made from wood fibers and resin.3.2 Upholstery•Fabric: A flexible material made from fibers used for covering furniture.•Leather: A durable and flexible material made from animal hides, often used for upholstery.•Vinyl: A synthetic material used as an alternative to leather for upholstery.•Foam: A material used for cushioning and padding upholstery.4. Furniture Manufacturing4.1 Production Process•Cutting: The process of cutting raw materials into desired shapes and sizes.•Joinery: The process of connecting different parts of furniture using methods such as nails, screws, or dowels.•Finishing: The final process of treating the surface of furniture to enhance its appearance and protect it from damage.4.2 Quality Control•Defect: An imperfection or flaw in the furniture that affects its quality or functionality.•Quality assurance: A set of procedures and activities performed to ensure that furniture meets certain quality standards.•Inspection: The act of examining furniture to detect any defects or non-compliance with quality standards.5. Furniture Retail5.1 Furniture Showroom•Display: The arrangement of furniture items in a showroom for showcasing to customers.•Merchandising: The strategic presentation and promotion of furniture items in a showroom to attract customers.•Sales representative: A person responsible for assisting customers in choosing and purchasing furniture.5.2 Online Furniture Retail•E-commerce: The buying and selling of furniture through online platforms.•Product description: A written portrayal of furniture items, including specifications and features.•Customer reviews: Feedback provided by customers regarding the quality and usability of furniture.6. ConclusionProficiency in professional English vocabulary related to the furniture industry is crucial for successful communication and collaboration in the global market. This document has provided an overview of key terms and concepts, ranging from different types of furniture to materials, manufacturing processes, quality control, and retail aspects. By familiarizing oneself with these terms, individuals can enhance their understanding and expertise in the furniture industry.。
威廉.索拿马公司(William-Sonoma-Inc.)
威廉.索拿马公司
Williams-Sonoma Inc
背景简介：
威廉.索拿马公司（WSI）是一家成立于1956年的高品质家居用品美国专业零售商、邮购商和电商。
在美国纽约证劵交易所上市，年营业额$ 。
其中电子商务和邮购销售占营业额的43.%，零售占56.1%。
其在美国，加拿大、澳大利亚和中东（科威特，沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯酋长国）等地开设专业零售商店，产品通过网络销售可到全球79个国家和地区，共有员工约26,9000余人， 579家实体店，发行7种直邮目录，拥有6个电子商务网站。
该公司旗下有八个品牌，每个品牌在他们所处的行业中都是非常知名且备受尊敬和追从。
威廉.索拿马一直以来都以为客户提供高品质和新式样的产品体验为企业经营目标，产品线已覆盖至消费者家里的每一个角落，从厨房到餐厅、客厅、卧室、书房及衣帽间。
威廉.索拿马旗下的八个品牌分别有各自不同的分销策略和客户群：
品牌1： William Sonoma Inc –主营炊具和提供婚礼注册表服务
品牌2：Pottery Barn Furniture –主营家具和提供婚礼注册服务
品牌3：Pottery Barn Kids –主营儿童家具和提供婴儿注册表服务
品牌4：PBteen –主营青少年家具和床上用品
品牌5：West Elm –主营现代家具和室内装饰品
品牌6：William Sonoma Home –主营豪华家具和饰品
品牌7：Rejuvenation –主营高档室内灯饰
品牌8：Mark and Graham –主营客制化高档饰品
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家具检验Furniture Checklist(中英文对照)
¾ Product: 产品
Must be without any unsafe defect for using; 不允许有在实际使用中任何对使用者造成伤害的缺陷；
Should be free of damaged, broken, scratch, crackle etc. Cosmetic / Aesthetics defect; 不应有任何损坏，破碎，擦伤，或碎裂等外观缺陷；
All units will be adequately packaged, and constructed from suitably robust materials, such that it arrives in store in a merchantable condition; 产品要有足够强度的材料构成的充分包装，使得货物以可销售的状态到达目的仓库；
Must be conform to the shipping market legal regulation / client’s requirement; 必须符合销往国当地的法规以及客户的要求；
The construction, appearance, cosmetics and material of all units should comply with client’s requirement / approved samples; 产品的结构，外观，材料等必须符合客户的要求或与样品保持一致；
more than 18mm 桌椅活动/相对移动部件的间距应小于 7mm 或者大于 18mm B 2. Accessible tubular components, holes and gaps shall be less
家具检验Furniture Checklist
1. Scope 范围
This document specifies the general quality requirements for the category of Furniture including domestic furniture, outdoor furnitur etc. It is used as a general guideline for inspection if clients have not defined their requirement. 此文件为针对家具产品(包括室内家具,户外家具,办公家具等)验货的通用标准。如果客户没有特 别的要求，在此定为通用的验货指南。
All units should have full function complying with client’s requirement / approved
samples; 产品功能必须符合客户的要求或与样品保持一致； The marking / label on unit should be legal and clear. 产品上的标记/标签必须符合法规要求且清晰明确。 Package: 包装
2. Inspection Criteria of Product / Package 产品/包装的验货标准
¾ Reference standard: 引用标准
- EN1725, EN747-1/2, EN716-1/2, EN1130-1/2, EN1728, EN1022, EN12520, EN12521, EN1335-1/2/3, EN1730, EN527-1/2/3, EN581-1/2/3, BS4875-1/5/7, ISO7170, BS14749
建筑专业英语词汇整理大全
建筑专业英语词汇整理大全常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND20.旱冰道SLIDE21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台VIEWING DECK26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL27.极可意JACUZZI28.嬉水池WADING POOL29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥BRIDGE35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION37.停车场PARING AREA38.特色花架TRELLIS39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场TENNIS COURT45.阶梯坐台/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场MAIN PLAZA47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN49.旱溪DRY STREAM50.凉亭PAVILION51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶STAIR54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK58.人行漫步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算：estimate/cost estimate;估算类型：types of estimate;详细估算：是偏差幅度最小的估算，defined estimate;设备估算：equipment estimate;分析估算：analysis estimate;报价估算:proposal estimate;控制估算：control estimate;初期控制估算：interim control estimate/initial control estimate批准的控制估算：initial approved cost核定估算：check estimate首次核定估算：first check estimate二次核定估算：production check estimate人工时估算：man hour estimate材料费用/直接材料费用：material cost/direct material cost设备费用/设备购买费用：equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用：bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material施工费用：construction cost施工人工费用：labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工费用：labor cost associated with equipment散装材料施工安装人工费用：labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估算定额：standard manhours施工人工时估算定额：standard labor manhours标准工时定额：standard hours劳动生产率：labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio修正的人工时估算值：adjusted manhours人工时单价：manhours rate施工监督费用：cost of construction supervision施工间接费用：cost of contruction indirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用：subcontract cost/field subcontract cost公司本部费用：home office cost公司管理费用：overhead非工资费用：non payroll开车服务费用：cost of start-up services其他费用：other cost利润/预期利润：profit/expected profit服务酬金：service gains风险：risk风险分析：risk analysis风险备忘录：risk memorandum未可预见费：contingency基本未可预见费：average contingency最大风险未可预见费：maximum risk contingency用户变更/合同变更：cilent change/contract change认可的用户变更：approved client change待定的用户变更：pending client change项目变更：project change内部变更：internalchange批准的变更：authoried change强制性变更：mandatory change选择性变更：optional change内部费用转换：internal transfer认可的预计费用：anticipated approved cost涨价值：escalation项目费用汇总报告：project cost summary report项目实施费用状态报告：project operation cost status report总价合同：lump sum contract偿付合同：reimbursible contract预算：budget规划专业英语规划词典环境、基础设施、交通运输环境设计( Environmental design )以物质环境的质量为基本点，以优良环境是人的基本权利与需要为前提的土地利用规划。
世界技能大赛油漆与装饰项目技术说明
TECHNICALDESCRIPTION PAINTING AND DECORATINGWorldSkills International, by a resolution of the Technical Committee and in accordance with the Constitution, the Standing Orders and the Competition Rules, has adopted the following minimum requirements for this skill for the WorldSkills Competition.The Technical Description consists of the following:1INTRODUCTION (2)2THE WORLDSKILLS STANDARDS SPECIFICATION (WSSS) (4)3THE ASSESSMENT STRATEGY AND SPECIFICATION (12)4THE MARKING SCHEME (13)5THE TEST PROJECT (19)6SKILL MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION (24)7SKILL-SPECIFIC SAFETY REQUIREMENTS (25)8MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT (25)9VISITOR AND MEDIA ENGAGEMENT (30)10SUSTAINABILITY (31)Effective 12.08.14Stefan PraschlChair Technical Committee Michael FungVice Chair Technical Committee© WorldSkills International (WSI) reserves all rights in documents developed for or on behalf of WSI, including translation and electronic distribution. This material may be reproduced for non-commercial vocational and educational purposes provided that the WorldSkills logo and copyright notice are left in place.1INTRODUCTION1.1NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SKILL COMPETITION1.1.1The name of the skill competition isPainting and Decorating1.1.2Description of the associated work role(s) or occupation(s).A painter and decorator works in the commercial and public sectors and is responsible for the externaland internal appearance of a building and its protection from water, rust, mould and insects. There is a direct relationship between the nature and quality of the service required and the payment made by the client. Therefore the painter and decorator has a continuing responsibility to work professionally and interactively with the client in order to give satisfaction and thus maintain and grow the business.Painting and decorating is closely associated with other parts of the construction industry, and with the many products that support it.The painter and decorator works internally and externally in very diverse environments, for example in companies, factories, schools, hotels, the homes of clients and on building sites in all weatherconditions. He or she may offer a range of services, including interpreting clientrequirements/drawings, advising on designs/colours, painting, spraying, decorative coatings,wallpapering, gilding and sign writing to a high standard.Work organization and self-management, communication and interpersonal skills, problem solving, innovation, creativity, and the ability to prepare surfaces thoroughly with meticulous care and work accurately are the universal attributes of the outstanding painter and decorator. In a mobile labourmarket, the painter and decorator may work in teams, or alone, or in both from time to time.Whatever the structure of the work, the trained and experienced painter and decorator takes on ahigh level of personal responsibility and autonomy. From carefully determining the requirements of the client, working safely and tidily, exceptional planning and scheduling, precision and attention to detail to the fine gilding of objects and finishing of furniture, every process matters and makes are largely irreversible and costly.With the international mobility of people, the painter and decorator faces rapidly expandingopportunities and challenges. For the talented painter and decorator there are many commercial and international opportunities; however these carry with them the need to understand and work withdiverse cultures, trends and fashions. The diversity of skills associated with painting and decorating is therefore likely to expand.1.2THE RELEVANCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS DOCUMENTThis document contains information about the standards required to compete in this skill competition, and the assessment principles, methods and procedures that govern the competition.Every Expert and Competitor must know and understand this Technical Description.In the event of any conflict within the different languages of the Technical Descriptions, the English version takes precedence.1.3ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTSSince this Technical Description contains only skill-specific information it must be used in association with the following:∙WSI – Competition Rules∙WSI – WorldSkills Standards Specification framework∙WSI – WorldSkills Assessment Strategy (when available)∙WSI – Online resources as indicated in this document∙Host Country – Health and Safety regulations2THE WORLDSKILLS STANDARDSSPECIFICATION (WSSS)2.1GENERAL NOTES ON THE WSSSThe WSSS specifies the knowledge, understanding and specific skills that underpin international best practice in technical and vocational performance. It should reflect a shared global understanding of what the associated work role(s) or occupation(s) represent for industry and business(/WSSS).The skill competition is intended to reflect international best practice as described by the WSSS, and to the extent that it is able to. The Standards Specification is therefore a guide to the required training and preparation for the skill competition.In the skill competition the assessment of knowledge and understanding will take place through the assessment of performance. There will not be separate tests of knowledge and understanding.The Standards Specification is divided into distinct sections with headings and reference numbersadded.Each section is assigned a percentage of the total marks to indicate its relative importance within the Standards Specification. The sum of all the percentage marks is 100.The Marking Scheme and Test Project will assess only those skills that are set out in the StandardsSpecification. They will reflect the Standards Specification as comprehensively as possible within the constraints of the skill competition.The Marking Scheme and Test Project will follow the allocation of marks within the StandardsSpecification to the extent practically possible. A variation of five percent is allowed, provided that this does not distort the weightings assigned by the Standards Specification.2.2WORLDSKILLS STANDARDS SPECIFICATION3THE ASSESSMENT STRATEGY ANDSPECIFICATION3.1GENERAL GUIDANCEAssessment is governed by the WorldSkills Assessment Strategy. The Strategy establishes the principles and techniques to which WorldSkills assessment must conform.Expert assessment practice lies at the heart of the WorldSkills Competition. For this reason it is thesubject of continuing professional development and scrutiny. The growth of expertise in assessment will inform the future use and direction of the main assessment instruments used by the WorldSkills Competition: the Marking Scheme, Test Project, and Competition Information System (CIS).Assessment at the WorldSkills Competition falls into two broad types: measurement and judgment.These are referred to as objective and subjective, respectively. For both types of assessment the use of explicit benchmarks against which to assess each Aspect is essential to guarantee quality.The Marking Scheme must follow the weightings within the Standards Specification. The Test Project is the assessment vehicle for the skill competition, and also follows the Standards Specification. The CIS enables the timely and accurate recording of marks, and has expanding supportive capacity.The Marking Scheme, in outline, will lead the process of Test Project design. After this, the Marking Scheme and Test Project will be designed and developed through an iterative process, to ensure that both together optimize their relationship with the Standards Specification and the AssessmentStrategy. They will be agreed by the Experts and submitted to WSI for approval together, in order to demonstrate their quality and conformity with the Standards Specification.Prior to submission for approval to WSI, the Marking Scheme and Test Project will liaise with the WSI Skill Advisors in order to benefit from the capabilities of the CIS.4THE MARKING SCHEME4.1GENERAL GUIDANCEThis section describes the role and place of the Marking Scheme, how the Experts will assessCompetitors’ work as demonstrated through the Test Project, and the procedures and requirements for marking.The Marking Scheme is the pivotal instrument of the WorldSkills Competition, in that it ties assessment to the standards that represent the skill. It is designed to allocate marks for each assessed aspect of performance in accordance with the weightings in the Standards Specification.By reflecting the weightings in the Standards Specification, the Marking Scheme establishes theparameters for the design of the Test Project. Depending on the nature of the skill and its assessment needs, it may initially be appropriate to develop the Marking Scheme in more detail as a guide for Test Project design. Alternatively, initial Test Project design can be based on the outline Marking Scheme.From this point onwards the Marking Scheme and Test Project should be developed together.Section 2.1 above indicates the extent to which the Marking Scheme and Test Project may divergefrom the weightings given in the Standards Specification, if there is no practicable alternative.The Marking Scheme and Test Project may be developed by one person, or several, or by all Experts.The detailed and final Marking Scheme and Test Project must be approved by the whole Expert Jury prior to submission for independent quality assurance. The exception to this process is for those skill competitions which use an external designer for the development of the Marking Scheme and Test Project.In addition, Experts are encouraged to submit their Marking Schemes and Test Projects for comment and provisional approval well in advance of completion, in order to avoid disappointment or setbacks at a late stage. They are also advised to work with the CIS Team at this intermediate stage, in order to take full advantage of the possibilities of the CIS.In all cases the complete and approved Marking Scheme must be entered into the CIS at least eight weeks prior to the Competition using the CIS standard spreadsheet or other agreed methods.4.2ASSESSMENT CRITERIAThe main headings of the Marking Scheme are the Assessment Criteria. These headings are derived in conjunction with the Test Project. In some skill competitions the Assessment Criteria may be similar to the section headings in the Standards Specification; in others they may be totally different. There will normally be between five and nine Assessment Criteria. Whether or not the headings match, theMarking Scheme must reflect the weightings in the Standards Specification.Assessment Criteria are created by the person(s) developing the Marking Scheme, who are free todefine criteria that they consider most suited to the assessment and marking of the Test Project. Each Assessment Criterion is defined by a letter (A-I).The Mark Summary Form generated by the CIS will comprise a list of the Assessment Criteria.The marks allocated to each criterion will be calculated by the CIS. These will be the cumulative sum of marks given to each aspect of assessment within that Assessment Criterion.4.3SUB CRITERIAEach Assessment Criterion is divided into one or more Sub Criteria. Each Sub Criterion becomes the heading for a WorldSkills marking form.Each marking form (Sub Criterion) has a specified day on which it will be marked.Each marking form (Sub Criterion) contains either objective or subjective Aspects to be marked. Some Sub Criteria have both objective and subjective aspects, in which case there is a marking form foreach.4.4ASPECTSEach Aspect defines, in detail, a single item to be assessed and marked together with the marks, or instructions for how the marks are to be awarded. Aspects are assessed either objectively orsubjectively and appear on the appropriate marking form.The marking form lists, in detail, every Aspect to be marked together with the mark allocated to it anda reference to the section of the skill as set out in the Standards Specification.The sum of the marks allocated to each Aspect must fall within the range of marks specified for that section of the skill in the Standards Specification. This will be displayed in the Mark Allocation Table of the CIS, in the following format, when the Marking Scheme is reviewed from C-8 weeks. (Section 4.1)4.5SUBJECTIVE MARKINGSubjective marking uses the 10 point scale below. To apply the scale with rigour and consistency,subjective marking should be conducted using:∙benchmarks (criteria) to guide judgment against each Aspect∙the scale to indicate:∙0: non attempt;∙1-4: below industry standard;∙5-8: at or above industry standard;∙9-10: excellence.4.6OBJECTIVE MARKINGA minimum of three experts will be used to judge each aspect. Unless otherwise stated only themaximum mark or zero will be awarded. Where they are used, partial marks will be clearly defined within the Aspect.4.7THE USE OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENTThe final deployment of objective or subjective assessment will be agreed when the Marking Scheme and Test Project are finalized. The table below is advisory only for the development of the Test Project and Marking Scheme.4.8COMPLETION OF SKILL ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATIONDays and allocation of subjective and objective marks will be finalized at the Competition by theExperts, however 30% minimum of objective and/or blind marking must be carried out on day C4.Schedule of completed work for marking(Subjective = S, Objective = O)Each completed module (or parts thereof) will be assessed on the day on which it is completed, except wallpapering:∙Module one (door):∙Door twelve marks, moulding eight marks∙Module two (wallpaper):∙Cutting and pattern matching to internal corner four marks, surface three marks, pattern four marks, connections four marks, dimensional accuracy two marks.∙Module three (Free Technique):∙Info sheet two marks, artistic composition (subj.) two marks, technical execution three marks, colour concept one mark, accurate implementation two marks.∙Module four (Lettering, design):∙Lettering: correct colour one marks, clean surfaces one marks, straight lines, clean corners two marks, no visible reference lines one marks, dimensional accuracy two marks;∙Design: correct colour four marks, clean surfaces seven marks, straight lines, clean corners seven marks, no visible reference lines two marks, dimensional accuracy seven marks overallappearance two marks (subj.).∙Module five (Mural):∙Speed four marks, clean surfaces four marks, mixing colour tones four marks, mixing colour shade two marks, dimensional accuracy three marks.∙No assessments will be made on day one.Marking scale will be made available on the forum six months prior to the Competition.Systems of assessment∙Blind marking (Module one, four and five)∙Blind marking is the objective marking of elements which can be dismantled and folded up outside the work booth. It will be used for the following elements, are all objective criteria:∙Door,∙Design,∙Lettering;∙Colour mixing (Module five)∙Colour tone;∙Colour shades.In the first instance the various elements will be arranged according to their quality. The best quality l work will be placed first, the least quality work last. Works of an identical quality will be grouped together and given the same number of points.In the second instance the best work is given the maximum number of points possible for this element, the other works are given lower numbers of points according to their quality.∙Speed competition (Modules five)At the speed competition all Competitors have to work as fast and as precisely as possible.The expenditure of time will be awarded with maximum four marks.The swiftest Competitor will be awarded four marks, the others in the order in which theycomplete the task 0.25 marks less (if there are more Competitors than 16, the marking needs to be changed). Competitors who finish simultaneously will receive the same number of marks, the next Competitor 0.5 or more marks less.∙Dimensional AccuracyFor the dimensional accuracy tests, a deviation of ± 1 mm from the required measurement will be tolerated, deviations ranging from 1-3 mm will give rise to deductions, and deviations of more than three mm from the required measurement will be given zero marks:± 1 mm = 1 Pkt.± 2 mm = 0.5 Pkt.± 3 mm = 0.25 Pkt.> 3 mm = 0 Pkt.Maximum one mark will be awarded per measurement point.∙Free techniqueThe free technique will be dismantled and marked according to three criteria:∙Technical execution, max. three marks (objective)∙The technical execution will be assessed with objective criteria. The detailed and final marking scheme is developed and agreed by all Experts before the Competition.∙Artistic composition, max. two marks (subjective)∙The artistic composition will be assessed with subjective criteria by all the Experts.∙The information sheet will be assessed with objective criteria, max two marks;∙Colour concept one mark;∙Accurate implementation two marks;∙The final work needs to match the information sheet.4.9SKILL ASSESSMENT PROCEDURESThe final detailed aspects for the objective marking will be decided by the Experts prior to theCompetition.The Experts will be deployed for marking purposes as follows:∙Subjective marking - total four marks∙Free technique (artistic composition), max. two marks;∙Design (overall appearance) max two marks;∙The artistic composition will be assessed by all the Experts including Chief Expert and Deputy Chief Expert and an average mark will be calculated.∙Objective marking, blind marking - total 96 marks∙Three Experts for the evaluation which they will do together,∙One Expert compiles the results,∙One Expert checks the compilation;∙Speed competition, total four marks∙One Expert compiles the results,∙One Expert checks the compilation,∙Two Experts checks the reports,∙All other Experts checks the competition;∙Colour mixing, total 6 marks∙Five Experts line the elements according to their quality (as described at paragraph 4.8) whereas at least four Experts have to agree to it;∙One Expert to compile the results;∙One Expert to check the compilation;∙Groups of Experts∙The groups of Experts will be put together by the Chief Expert and the Deputy Chief Expert. The groups must consist of both experienced and new Experts.Each Expert in the group assesses every Competitor.5THE TEST PROJECT5.1GENERAL NOTESSections 3 and 4 govern the development of the Test Project. These notes are supplementary.Whether it is a single entity, or a series of stand-alone or connected modules, the Test Project willenable the assessment of the skills in each section of the WSSS.The purpose of the Test Project is to provide full and balanced opportunities for assessment andmarking across the Standards Specification, in conjunction with the Marking Scheme. The relationship between the Test Project, Marking Scheme and Standards Specification will be a key indicator ofquality.The Test Project will not cover areas outside the Standards Specification, or affect the balance of marks within the Standards Specification other than in the circumstances indicated by Section 2.The Test Project will enable knowledge and understanding to be assessed solely through theirapplications within practical work.The Test Project will not assess knowledge of WorldSkills rules and regulations.This Technical Description will note any issues that affect the Test P roject’s capacity to support the full range of assessment relative to the Standards Specification. Section 0 refers.5.2FORMAT/STRUCTURE OF THE TEST PROJECTThe format of the Test Project comprises a series of separately assessed modules.5.3TEST PROJECT DESIGN REQUIREMENTSCriteria for module four that has to be submitted∙The Test Project that has to be prepared by the Experts for the following Competition consists of module four (design and lettering). Changes within the 30% to the "design" are excluded;∙The choice of the respective Test Project is based on paragraph 5.6;∙The Test Project must:∙Comply with the current valid Technical Description,∙Comply with the requirements and numbering defined by WorldSkills,∙Module four consists of a colour drawing showing the design and lettering (name of the venue and year) as well as details of the construction;∙The following documents must be given to the Chief Expert for the selection of the Test Project;they may not contain any information regarding the designer or the country (no names):∙Outline in colour, M1:10,∙Design drawing, M1:10, measurements in cm,∙Specification of the colour tone with an international code,∙Be submitted with proof it can be constructed and is feasible within the given time (paragraph5.5)∙The necessary materials to be used will be made available, already mixed, at the competition venue.Therefore, the colours of the design and the lettering must be precisely indicated when the TestProject is submitted, e.g. RAL, NCS or other international colour codes.∙The entire Test Project (excluding module five) must be prepared in detail and in the three official languages by the Expert whose Test Project has been chosen and made available to the WorldSkills Secretariat in digital form (PDF) after it has been approved by the Chief Expert.Criteria for the submitted module five∙Experts must draw the mural for module five during the preparation days at the Competition (C-4 to C-1). The Experts need to choose from a minimum of two, maximum of four murals,which will be prepared at the Competition. The mural measurements must be no larger than800cmx240cm and be designed so that there is no wet paint on wet paint;∙The mural must be done in a minimum of three, maximum of four colours, including the background and comprise the construction in detail;∙The mural will take the form of a speed competition; the maximum time for the speed competition is 1.5 hours. The colour tone mixed by the Experts at the current Competition mustbe reproduced exactly by the Competitor and included in the mural according to the TestProject. The other three colours must be mixed as colour shades. The colour mixing will becompleted prior to the speed competition;∙The mural must be done in four colours including the background (project in four levels of grey) and comprise the construction in detail.∙Proof must be submitted that the project is able to be constructed in the time and is feasible (paragraph 5.5).5.4TEST PROJECT DEVELOPMENTThe Test Project MUST be submitted using the templates provided by WorldSkills International(/expertcentre). Use the Word template for text documents and DWG template for drawings.5.4.1Who develops the Test Project or modulesProposals for the Test Project/modules (module four) are developed by all Experts.5.4.2How and where is the Test Project or modules developedThe proposals for the Test Project/modules are developed independently.5.4.3When is the Test Project developedThe Test Project is developed according to the following timeline:5.5TEST PROJECT VALIDATIONEach submitted Test Project must be accompanied by a functional demonstration/proof ofconstruction/feasibility in the given time etc. for example with a photograph of a project that wascompleted in compliance with material and equipment specifications, the required professional skills and the time limit.5.6TEST PROJECT SELECTIONBy vote of Experts at previous Competition for module four (Design) and by vote of Experts six months before the current Competition for module two (Wallpaper). Module five will be chosen before the current Competition.Choice of the modules four and five according to paragraph 5.3.StatementThe majority of the Experts (at least 50% + 1), including the Chief Expert and Deputy Chief Expertmust agree on decisions. If there is parity of votes, the Jury President has the deciding vote.Only projects that comply with all the specifications outlined under paragraphs 5.3 will be put to the vote.Only those are entitled to vote who have submitted a project that has been accepted for the voting process.5.7TEST PROJECT CIRCULATIONThe Test Project is circulated via the website as follows:Module four is circulated immediately after the previous Competition.All other modules are circulated three months before the current Competition.5.8TEST PROJECT COORDINATION (PREPARATION FORCOMPETITION)Coordination of the Test Project will be undertaken by the Chief Expert.5.9TEST PROJECT CHANGE AT THE COMPETITIONDecisions to change the modules one and three can only be made for the next Competition. Up to 30% of the modules may be changed by the Experts at the venue of the current competitionaccording to the following scale:∙9%: choice of lettering (part of module four). The lettering (name of the venue and year) will be decided in accordance with the chosen design. Furthermore, the Experts will decide on theapplication technique.∙17%: choice of the mural (module five) including colour tone and the colour shades.∙Other changes are not permitted.5.10MATERIAL OR MANUFACTURER SPECIFICATIONSSpecific material and/or manufacturer specifications required to allow the Competitor to complete the Test Project will be supplied by the Competition Organizer and are available from/infrastructure located in the Expert Centre.The following material specifications must be complied with at the competition venue:∙All coating materials must be water-based;∙Wallpapers according to paragraph 5.4.3;∙The door must be a real door with moulding and pre-primed.For modules three, four and five MDF panels are required, minimum 22mm thick, for stability. TheCompetitor workstations need to be a minimum of 5mx6m.6SKILL MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION6.1DISCUSSION FORUMPrior to the Competition, all discussion, communication, collaboration, and decision making regarding the skill competition must take place on the skill specific Discussion Forum(). Skill related decisions and communication are only valid if they take place on the forum. The Chief Expert (or an Expert nominated by the Chief Expert) will be themoderator for this Forum. Refer to Competition Rules for the timeline of communication andcompetition development requirements.6.2COMPETITOR INFORMATIONAll information for registered Competitors is available from the Competitor Centre(/competitorcentre).This information includes:∙Competition Rules∙Technical Descriptions∙Marking Schemes∙Test Projects∙Infrastructure List∙Health and Safety documentation∙Other Competition-related information6.3TEST PROJECTS [AND MARKING SCHEMES]Circulated Test Projects will be available from /testprojects and the Competitor Centre (/competitorcentre).6.4DAY-TO-DAY MANAGEMENTThe day-to-day management of the skill during the Competition is defined in the Skill Management Plan that is created by the Skill Management Team led by the Chief Expert. The Skill ManagementTeam comprises the Jury President, Chief Expert and Deputy Chief Expert. The Skill Management Plan is progressively developed in the six months prior to the Competition and finalized at the Competition by agreement of the Experts. The Skill Management Plan can be viewed in the Expert Centre(/expertcentre).。
纤维增强覆面木基装配式房屋构造 英语
In the contemporary era of sustainable architecture and rapid urbanization, fiber-reinforced panelized wood-based prefabricated housing has emerged as an innovative and high-quality construction solution that meets stringent standards while promoting environmental sustainability. This detailed analysis delves into the multi-faceted aspects of this technology, focusing on its structural integrity, sustainability, efficiency, and overall quality.**Introduction**Fiber-reinforced composites in wood-based prefabricated housing construct an advanced building system that integrates the inherent strength and durability of timber with the reinforcing capabilities of fibers. These structures are primarily composed of engineered wood panels strengthened by synthetic or natural fibers to enhance their load-bearing capacity and dimensional stability.**Structural Integrity and High Standards**The core advantage of fiber-reinforced wood-based prefabricated houses lies in their exceptional structural robustness. The integration of fibers such as glass, carbon, or basalt within the wooden panels significantly increases their stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio. This enables the construction of lightweight yet sturdy buildings capable of withstanding various loads and stresses, thereby meeting or exceeding international building codes and safety standards.Furthermore, these composite materials exhibit excellent resistance to moisture, decay, and pests, which is critical for long-term structural integrity. They also offer improved fire resistance due to their ability to limit flame spread and reduce heat release. By virtue of precise manufacturing processes in controlled environments, prefab components can be fabricated to exacting tolerances, ensuring seamless assembly and reducing on-site errors.**Sustainability and Environmental Impact**Fiber-reinforced wood-based prefab homes exemplify sustainability in construction. Wood, being a renewable resource, absorbs carbon dioxide during growth, thereby mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Reinforcing it with fibersextends its lifecycle and reduces waste. Additionally, the modular and prefabricated nature of the construction minimizes material wastage on site and reduces energy consumption in the building process.Moreover, the ease of disassembly and recyclability of these components further contribute to their green credentials. In many cases, recycled fibers are used, further enhancing their eco-friendly profile. Overall, this method aligns with the circular economy principles and contributes positively to a low-carbon built environment.**Efficiency and Cost-effectiveness**Prefabrication offers unparalleled speed and cost-efficiency. The off-site fabrication of fiber-reinforced wood panels allows concurrent site preparation and module production, leading to significant time savings. The precision-engineered components ensure easy and swift installation, reducing labor costs and potential delays caused by weather conditions.Furthermore, the insulating properties of wood combined with the added thermal performance from fiber reinforcement lead to reduced energy consumption in the operational phase, translating to lower utility bills for occupants. Thus, although initial investment might be higher than traditional methods, the life cycle cost analysis often reveals substantial economic benefits.**Conclusion**In conclusion, fiber-reinforced panelized wood-based prefabricated housing embodies a holistic approach to construction that balances high structural standards, sustainability, and economic efficiency. Its multifaceted advantages demonstrate the potential to redefine residential construction practices worldwide. As research and development in this field continue to advance, we can expect further improvements in the design, performance, and affordability of these cutting-edge structures, positioning them as a prime choice for future-proof and environmentally responsible housing solutions.This comprehensive analysis underscores the superiority of fiber-reinforced wood-based prefab homes as they meet and exceed rigorous quality standards whileoffering a viable path towards sustainable and resilient living spaces. With continued innovation and adoption, this construction method is poised to make a significant impact on global housing strategies in the decades ahead.(Word Count: 698 words)**Note**: Please note that the actual word count exceeds your requirement. However, I aimed to provide a thorough overview without compromising depth and detail. You can adjust the length according to your needs by trimming down certain sections or requesting more specific aspects to be covered.。
标准件跨国企业中英文对照表
1中英文对照表——常用标准件、非标准件、材料及规格表“[1]”代表：英方编号，例如，FXBHS ，FXWSI 等等 “[2]”代表：规格，例如，M12*20，M8等等 “[3]”代表：标准件表面处理 P/PL ：镀锌 ST/STL ：不锈钢 通例：FXBHS-M12*20-ST 即为六角头螺栓 M12*20 不锈钢一、常用标准件中英文对照表英方编号[1] 英文描述 中文名称 国标代号备注 FXALL ALL THREAD BAR 全螺纹杆原材料FXBHS HEX HD SET 六角头螺栓 全螺纹 GB/T 5783-2000FXCNU SELF-CLINCHING NUT冷压铆螺母 非标 JSL-PEMFXCST PEM STUD 圆头压铆螺钉 非标 FXGRU SOCKET GRUB SCREW 内六角平端 紧定螺钉 GB /T 77-2000FXHAN HANK RIVET BUSH 六角压铆螺母 非标 FXMCP CSK.HD POZI MACHSCREW十字槽沉头螺钉GB /T 819.2-1997FXMCS COUNTERSUNK HEADSLOTTED开槽沉头螺钉 GB /T 68-2000FXMPP PAN HEAD POZI SCREW十字槽盘头螺钉 GB /T 818-2000 FXMPS PAN HEAD SLOT 开槽盘头螺钉 GB /T 67-2000 FXNDODOME NUT盖形螺母GB 923-882FXNFU FULL NUT [LH] 1型六角螺母 GB/T 6170-2000 LH ：左旋 未标注：右旋焊接六角螺母GB/T 13681-92FXNNY/FXNNFNYLOC NUT 1型非金属嵌件 六角锁紧螺母 GB /T 889.1-2000FXNSL BINX METAL LOCKINGNUTBINX 自锁螺母 非标 国外采购FXRNH FLUSH RIVNUT HEX 小沉头半六角铆螺母 非标 FXRPOCSH HD POP RIVET 开口型沉头 抽芯铆钉 GB 12617-90 DOME HEAD POP RIVET开口型扁圆头 抽芯铆钉 GB 12618-90 FXRPS DOME HD SEALED 封闭型扁圆头 抽芯铆钉 GB 12615-90 CSK HD SEALED封闭型沉头 抽芯铆钉GB 12616-90FXSBU SCREW SOCKET BTNHEAD内六角平圆头螺钉 GB /T 70.2-2000 FXSCA SOC HD CAP SCRW 内六角圆柱头螺钉 GB /T 70.1-2000 FXSCO CSK SCKT HD 内六角沉头螺钉GB /T 70.3-2000FXSEC SECURITY SKT BUTTONHEAD 安全型 内六角平圆头螺钉国外采购FXSEL SELOC PIN 弹性圆柱销 直槽 重型 GB /T 879.1-2000FXSET SECURITY TORX CTRSUNK HD SCREW 安全型 内六星沉头螺钉国外采购FXSSH SKT HD SHOULDER SCR 内六角圆柱头 轴肩螺钉 GB 5281-85 FXTCO TORX CSK. HEAD SCREW 内六星沉头螺钉 国外采购FXTCP COUNTERSUNK HEADS/T POSI 十字槽沉头 自攻螺钉 GB 846-85 FXTPP PAN HEAD SELF TAPPING POSI 十字槽盘头 自攻螺钉 GB 845-85FXWBRBRASS WASHER铜制平垫圈非标FXWCR STARLOCK WASHER 方孔型垫圈国外采购FXWEL WELD STUD 机动弧焊用焊接螺柱GB/T 902.2-1989FXWFI FIBRE WASHER 绝缘垫圈SJ 2511-84FXWNY NYLON WASHER 尼龙垫圈非标FXWPL PLAIN WASHER FORM APLTD平垫圈A级GB/T 97.1-2002FXWSI SHAKEPROOF WASHER 内齿锁紧垫圈GB 861.1-87FXWSS LOCK WASHER 1 COIL 标准型弹簧垫圈GB 93-8734二、非标准件中英文对照表英方编号[1] 英文描述 中文名称 备注BEMI BEFU BEYRBEARINGSMISCELLANEOUS[MISC.]OR FLANGE UNIT OR YOKES&ROD END,SPRING PIN轴承类之综合项 或法兰轴承 或端叉、杆端弹簧销钢球 滑动轴承 导向尼龙块杆端IMMI IRONMONGERY MISC. 铁质类之综合项 压簧 IMSP IRONMONGERY SPRINGS铁质类之弹簧 拉簧 LOMI LODF LOMULOCKS MISC. OR DOOR FURNITURE OR MULTI-LOCKS锁类之综合项 或门用配件 或多项锁弹簧导线管锁机 手柄 锁杆限位块 双向杆锁MSFM原材料类之扁钢 SCMA SUB-CONTRACT MACHINING 外委类之机加工件KABA 轴套SEDO SEMI SEALANTS DOOR OR MISC. 密封条类之 门用或综合项SEGL SEMA SEALANTS GLAZING OR MASTIC 密封胶类之 玻璃用或胶粘剂 清洗剂、底涂、触媒剂、粘接剂、密封胶 VFIN VFMI VFGHVEHICLE FITTINGS INTERNAL BODY FITTINGS OR MISC. OR GRAB HANDLES车辆配件类之 车体内部使用或综合项 或扶手使用缓冲块 手钮 手柄 门闩三、常用材料中英文对照表SHEET [SHT]PLATESTUDDINGBAR [BRIGHT]TUBE [ERW]FLAT材料 供货状态薄板厚板棒材棒材 [精加工料]管材 [焊管]扁钢5材质名称[英文]类别材质名称[中文]/国标[企标] 3.0 mm ARMOUR ORANGE ORANGE 级防弹钢板[厚度范围2.9/3.1]B510L Q/BQB 310－2003厚度3.04.0 mm ARMOUR WHITE WHITE 级防弹钢板 [厚度范围3.78/4.22]B510L Q/BQB 310－2003厚度4.0 3103 H14/H24 ALUM铝3003 H14/H24 GB/T3190-1996 43A M/S 优质碳素结构钢Q235 GB/T 700-1988 50A M/S 45 GB/T 711-1999 EN3B 20Mn GB704-88 CR4 MS冷轧低碳钢 St12 Q/BQB403 6MM 420MCD DOMEXDOMEX 防弹钢板B510L Q/BQB 310-2003厚度6.0304/S11 ST/STL 不锈钢 0Cr18Ni9 GB/T1220-1992STAINLESS STEEL 316L 不锈钢 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 GB/T1220-1992 1/2* 16SWG ERW M/STUBE 结构用冷拔(轧) 无缝钢管 GB/T8162-1987 外径 13mm 壁厚 1.6mmGALV冷轧镀锌板 St01Z,St01ZR Q/BQB420四、常用材料板材厚度中英文对照表 [SWG = STANDARD WIRE GAUGE (BRITISH)]Imperial GaugeSWG 英制尺寸 Imperial in mm 英制转化为公制mm Metric Sheet mm公制 mm 10 3.25 3.0 12 2.64 2.5 14 2.03 2.0 16 1.63 1.5 18 1.22 1.2 20 0.91 0.9 22 0.71 0.7 24 0.56 0.6 260.460.5[版本：2006/10/31]- THE END -。
全屋个性化家居橱柜衣柜安装服务细则
全屋个性化家居橱柜衣柜安装服务细则Scope of ServicesOur installation services cover the entire house, including kitchen cabinets, bathroom cabinets, bedroom wardrobes, living room cabinets, and more. We focus on customization to meet your specific needs and preferences.Installation Process1. Consultation: We begin by discussing your requirements and preferences to understand your vision for the cabinets and wardrobes.2. Design: Our team will create a personalized design based on your input, ensuring it meets both aesthetic and functional requirements.3. Material Selection: You will have the option to choose from a variety of high-quality materials to suit your style and budget.4. Measurement: Accurate measurements will be taken to ensure a precise fit for the cabinets and wardrobes in your home.Quality AssuranceWe prioritize quality in every aspect of our service, from design to installation. Our team is dedicated to delivering durable and aesthetically pleasing cabinets and wardrobes that enhance the overall look of your home.Customer SatisfactionYour satisfaction is our top priority. We strive to exceed your expectations by providing excellent service and ensuring that the final result aligns with your vision.Maintenance and WarrantyContact UsIf you are interested in our home customization cabinet wardrobe installation services, please contact us to schedule a consultation. We look forward to working with you to create the perfect cabinets and wardrobes for your home.Thank you for choosing our services!。
2024年全国商品房交房要求英文版
2024年全国商品房交房要求英文版Document Title: 2024 National Requirements for Delivery of Commercial HousingIn 2024, the national requirements for the delivery of commercial housing in China are set to ensure that all developers meet specific criteria before handing over the properties to buyers. These requirements aim to protect the rights of consumers and ensure the quality of the housing units.1. Construction Standards:Developers must adhere to strict construction standards set by the government to guarantee the safety and quality of the commercial housing. These standards cover aspects such as structural integrity, fire safety, and environmental considerations.2. Completion Certificate:Before delivering the commercial housing to buyers, developers must obtain a completion certificate from the relevant authorities. This certificate serves as proof that the property meets all the necessary requirements and is ready for occupancy.3. Inspection and Acceptance:After obtaining the completion certificate, the commercial housing units undergo a thorough inspection to identify any defects or issues. Developers must address these issues before handing over the properties to buyers to ensure that they are in perfect condition.4. Legal Compliance:Developers must ensure that all legal requirements are met before delivering the commercial housing units. This includes obtaining necessary permits, licenses, and approvals from the authorities to avoid any legal complications in the future.5. Warranty Period:Buyers are entitled to a warranty period for the commercial housing units, during which developers are responsible for addressing anydefects or issues that may arise. This warranty period provides buyers with peace of mind and ensures that they receive quality properties.6. Customer Satisfaction:To ensure customer satisfaction, developers must prioritize the needs and preferences of buyers throughout the delivery process. Effective communication and transparency are essential to building trust and loyalty among buyers.7. Post-Delivery Services:Even after the delivery of the commercial housing units, developers should continue to provide post-delivery services to address any concerns or issues raised by buyers. This ongoing support helps maintain a positive relationship with customers.By adhering to these national requirements for the delivery of commercial housing in 2024, developers can enhance the overall quality of properties and build trust with buyers. It is essential for developers to prioritize consumer satisfaction and comply with all regulations to create a successful and sustainable real estate market.。
家具设计与制造 英语
家具设计与制造英语English:Furniture design and manufacturing require a deep understanding of both form and function. It is essential to consider the practical uses of the furniture while also creating a visually appealing and aesthetically pleasing design. The design process typically begins with ideation and concept development, where the designer explores different shapes, materials, and structural arrangements. Once a concept is finalized, the designer can move on to creating detailed drawings or digital models to further refine the design. At the manufacturing stage, it is important to select high-quality materials and utilize precise construction techniques to ensure the furniture's durability and longevity. Additionally, attention to detail in the manufacturing process is crucial to achieve a high level of craftsmanship. Quality control measures should be in place to guarantee that each piece of furniture meets the design specifications and standards. Moreover, with the advancement of technology, furniture design and manufacturing have also begun to utilize digital tools such as 3D printing and computer-aided design(CAD) to enhance the precision and efficiency of the production process.中文翻译:家具设计与制造需要深刻理解形式和功能。
酒店室内软装方案
1#楼标准客房家具意向
Courseware template
On the evening of July 24, 2021
1#楼标准客房家具意向
Courseware template
On the evening of July 24, 2021
1#楼标准客房家具意向
Courseware template
书房设计
Courseware template
On the evening of July 24, 2021
卫生间设计
演讲结束，谢谢大家支持
2021/7/26
15
餐厅意
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On the evening of July 24, 2021
主卧设
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On the evening of July 24, 2021
老人房设计
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On the evening of July 24, 2021
崇尚生活，简约而不简单
On the evening of July 24, 2021
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On the evening of July 24, 2021
1#楼标准客房平面布置图
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朴素 简约中式风
On the evening of July 24, 2021
方案一
On the evening of July 24, 2021
餐厅意
Courseware template
On the evening of July 24, 2021
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Technical Support•Furniture Construction StandardsCase GoodsDrawer Construction Standard (page 3~17)Back Panel Standard –for bookcases, armoires & cabinets (page 18)Wire Management Hole For Shelves (page 19)Case Goods Furniture Construction (page 20)Construction Joint For Solid Color Painted Furniture (page 21)DeskKeyboard Tray Construction (page 22)ArmoireArmoire & Media Cabinet –back panel’s construction (page 23)Dining TableApron’s Lap-Joint Construction & Hardware (page 24)Solid Wood Table Top –floating construction (page 25)BedBed Side Rail’s Construction -solid wood and plywood (page 26~27)Bed Center Rail Requirement (page 28)Bed Slats Requirement (page 29)1Furniture Hardware StandardsStandard hardwareMagnet for doors, keyboard trays & drawers (page 30)Magnet –predrilled holes guideline (page 31)Shelf pin (page 32)Mending plates (page 33)Adjustable levelers & insert plate/nut (page 34)Leggett and Platt metal frame bracket for headboard only (page 35)Bed side rail’s hardware metal hook system (page 36)Standard anti-tip kit (page 37)Standard wall mounting hardware (page 38)Solid Wood & Veneer Matching Standard (page 39)23Case goods –Drawer construction standard1. Approved wood species for drawer boxes.4 mms maller cutter bit.OPTION # 1OPTION # 2: Machine the s lide with the final s ize Fig.225%50%25%50mm15mmM8 diameter head x 30mm length7 to 8mm max.25 mmThe front tip of the male runner, the cornersfor easy insertion ofChamferedDrawer construction standard3mm height nylon shimType A Type BEnsure that the nylon shims are install at the position exactly under the drawer box side walls. The standard shim height will be 3mmDrawer construction standardc. Tilt rails must be glued and secured with minimum 3 woodscrews.Minimum 200mm length2mm gapBuilt in tilt railsCase goods –Drawer construction standard 12. Maximum extension of drawerUpon fully extended,drawer box mustremain approximately25%to 30%maximum inside thecase.1415 1/8”12 1/8”Standard pedestal drawer hardwareDrawer Clip Anti-Tip SnapperStandard drawer constructionWoodscrews must be secure flushed with back panel.Recommended countersunk bore hole 6mm diameter.25mm 25mmFig 16 mmdiameter.Fig 2Fig 3Standard cable management hole for shelvesCase goods –Standard dimension of half moon cut-out hole at back center edge of shelf .Please note : Only applicable to shelves with cable management hole specified in drawing spec.1920Case goods construction1. Pre-fixed rails orstretchers shall be in dowel joint construction with pre-drilled pocket holes to secure case.2. Side panels shall be made in tongue and groove construction.Case goods construction joint for solid color painted furnitureFor reference onlyDefault construction For reference only212mmLAP JOINTLeaf levelersMetal gear runnerWooden runnerLap jointLap joint32mmPedestal Dining TableMinimum 5screws perrunner26BED CONSTRUCTION•Bed Side Rail –Solid Wood ConstructionSolid wood : Material is to be 22mm (7/8”) edge glued lamules with the same wood specie as main bed components unless solid painted finish is specified.28•Center Rail is required on Queen, Cal King and King size beds only. Twin and Full do not require a center support rail. The center rail must be constructed with rail support with adjustable levelers. BED CONSTRUCTION•Center Rail Requirement29•Exposed edges of all bed slats to have R 1.0 mm radius unless otherwise specified .•A counter bore of 10mm diameter by 2mm deep and 4mm diameter through (32 holes for 16 slats & 28 holes for 14 slats)•Standard quantity of bed slats –16 slats for 50mm width wood and 14 slats for 70mm width wood1 “width white nylon webbing.3 staple pins on each slat to secure nylon webbing.BED CONSTRUCTION•Standard Bed SlatsFor PBM bed slats :Hardwood slats -50mmx25mm for full bed. 50mmx19mm for twin, queen bed.For PBK bed slats :Hardwood slats -50mmx25mm for full bed. 50mmx19mm for twin and queen bed. Radiata & Scots pine slats -70mmx25mm for full bed. 70mmx19mm for twin and queen bed.Recommended flattip drill bitDO NOT USECone shape tip drill bit32larger leg/feet ends.Standard LevelersD-NutM8 hanger bolt34No sharp edges allowed.36-inchStandard Wall Mounting Hardware SystemTargeted for :38PB standardNot acceptable。