精选2019-2020年初中八年级下册科学3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版复习巩固第八十二篇

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2019年精选华师大版初中科学八年级下册第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节复习特训[含答案解析]

2019年精选华师大版初中科学八年级下册第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节复习特训[含答案解析]

2019年精选华师大版初中科学八年级下册第7章生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节复习特训[含答案解析]十第1题【单选题】近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )A、生长激素B、胰岛素C、性激素D、甲状腺激素【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】A、AB、BC、CD、D【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】下列疾病与激素分泌异常无关的是( )A、呆小症B、佝偻病C、糖尿病D、巨人症【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、C点血糖含量高是糖尿病的表现B、BC段血糖含量上升是因为呼吸作用减弱C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140毫克/100毫升【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】下列有关人体激素的叙述,错误的是( )A、人体内激素种类多,含量大,是调节人体生理活动的主要物质B、激素直接进入血液,运往全身C、激素是人体内分泌腺的分泌物D、激素和神经系统共同调节人体生命活动【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】下列腺体中,除哪一个外,其余腺体的分泌物均直接进入血液中( )A、垂体B、甲状腺C、胰腺D、性腺【答案】:【解析】:第7题【填空题】胰岛素是由______分泌的,生长激素是由______分泌的。

【答案】:【解析】:第8题【填空题】胰液是由______分泌的,甲状腺激素是由______分泌的,胆汁是由______分泌的,尿液是在______中形成的。

【答案】:【解析】:第9题【填空题】人体内最大的内分泌腺是______,它分泌______激素,胎儿时期分泌不足时会患______,成年时分泌不足会引起______,成年时分泌太多会引起______。

【答案】:【解析】:第10题【填空题】人的体温一般都为37℃左右,这是人体通过______调节和激素调节控制人体的产热和散热过程的结果。

(完整版)华师大版八年级下生命活动的调节复习提纲

(完整版)华师大版八年级下生命活动的调节复习提纲

第7章生命活动的调节一、动物的行为1、动物的行为:通过一些列神经系统的反射活动和激素分泌活动共同协调后完成的。

2、先天性行为:与生俱来的,由动物体内的遗传物质所决定的行为,由大脑皮层以下的神经中枢即可完成,不需要后天学习,也称为本能。

所有动物都有先天性行为。

如:婴儿吮奶、繁殖行为、索食行为、攻击行为、洄游行为、迁徙行为、社会行为等3、后天学习行为:在遗传因素的基础上,通过环境因素的作用,由生活经验和学习而获得的行为,主要与大脑皮层有关。

如:人的学习行为、大猩猩的模仿学习行为、马戏团的动物表演。

4、人的学习行为:复杂,还能对抽象事物、语言、文字等代替具体刺激,做出反应。

如看见美食的文字介绍会流口水,听相声会笑等,这都是因为仍具有高度发达的大脑。

注:只有人类才能对抽象事物做出反应,动物不能二、人体生命活动的神经调节5、恒温动物:鸟类和哺乳类。

变温动物:鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、无脊椎动物等6、恒定的体温:正常人体内体温:37℃。

当外界温度变化时,人的体温不随之发生变化而保持相对恒定。

人体体温的调节是通过神经系统等的调节作用来实现的。

7、体温测量方法:直肠(最接近体内温度)、口腔、腋窝8、正常人体温不是一个固定值,可随着昼夜、性别、年龄、环境温度、精神状态和体力活动等情况下的不同,在一定的范围内波动。

一般早上体温要低,晚上要高9、恒温动物体温恒定的原因:产热和散热两个生理过程动态平衡的结果。

10、安静时,主要产热是内脏;运动时,主要产热是骨骼肌。

11、产热的同时,机体又以各种方式将这些热量散发出去,以维持体温的相对恒定。

人体90%以上的热量是通过皮肤散发出去的。

12、皮肤直接散热的多少,取决于皮肤表面与外界环境之间的温度差,而人体表面的温度可以通过流经皮肤血液的多少来加以调节。

低温:血管收缩,皮肤血流量减少,皮肤温度下降,散热量减少高温:血管舒张,皮肤血流量增加,皮肤温度上升,散热量增加13、常温下,皮肤汗液分泌少,主要通过皮肤直散热当外界温度≥体表温度时,汗液蒸发成了主要的散热方式14、中暑现象:高温环境中,人体由于未能及时有效发挥体温调节功能,或因过高的环境温度超过了人体体温调节能力的最大响度,产热多而散热困难,导致中暑。

初中华师大版科学八年级下册7.3《人体生命活动的激素调节》教案1

初中华师大版科学八年级下册7.3《人体生命活动的激素调节》教案1

《人体生命活动的激素调节》教案一、教学目标(一)知识与技能1、了解植物的生长素发现的历史体验科学发现过程。

2、了解激素是如何对生命活动进行调节的。

3、能说出人体的主要内分泌腺及其功能。

4、知道由于激素分泌不正常引起的各种疾病。

(二)过程与方法1、通过生长素发现历史的介绍,培养学生探究的能力。

2、通过教学,培养学生自学能力,归纳分析能力。

(三)情感态度与价值观1、介绍激素分泌不正常的疾病,教育学生应关心和同情内分泌疾病的患者。

二、教学重点1、甲状腺激素生长素的作用。

2、动物激素的种类、功能;激素对生命活动的调节。

三、教学难点1、生长素与甲状腺缺少引起什么后果。

四、课时安排1课时五、教学准备多媒体课件、粉笔、图片。

六、教学过程新课导入:大家好!看看同学们或高大威猛或婷婷玉立,我们正处在青春期,机体各项机能正发生剧烈的变化,这些变化与人体内的内分泌调节密切相关。

新课讲解:一、内分泌想和激素我们来做个简单的实验:两人一组,憋气30秒,观察对方的变化。

继续做实验:连续深呼吸5次,看有什么不同。

分析:因此当CO2浓度增加时,呼吸运动加快加强;而降低时,呼吸运动暂时收到抑制。

这是由于人体内的二氧化碳对呼吸运动调节的结果。

象这种由某些化学物质,如激素、二氧化碳、氢离子等通过体液的传送,对人体生命活动所进行的调节,叫体液调节。

思考:给病人输氧能用纯氧吗?讲述:体液中调节生命活动的化学物质主要指激素。

因此体液调节的主要内容是激素调节。

提到激素,请大家回忆初中学过的生长激素、甲状腺激素,以及在前面刚刚学过的抗利尿激素、肾上腺素、胰岛素等,指出投影中你认识的腺体。

投影人体主要的内分泌腺,概括主要内分泌腺及激素种类。

投影人体外分泌腺和内分泌腺模式图,请同学们讨论、比较、辨别。

指出:外分泌腺有导管,内分泌腺没有,分泌物直接排到体外或消化道中。

而两种腺体都有毛细血管。

讲述:在内分泌的研究中,先后获得了8次诺贝尔医学奖,3次获得诺贝尔化学奖。

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节课后辅导练习含答案解析第

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节课后辅导练习含答案解析第

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册第7章生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节课后辅导练习含答案解析第二十二篇第1题【单选题】下列关于激素分泌异常与相关病症不对应的是( )A、幼年时期生长激素分泌不足—侏儒症B、婴、幼儿时期甲状腺激素分泌不足—呆小症C、胰岛素分泌不足—糖尿病D、幼年时期生长激素分泌过多—肢端肥大症【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )A、生长激素B、胰岛素C、性激素D、甲状腺激素【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】下列腺体中,无导管,分泌物直接进入血液的是( )A、肠腺、肝脏、胃腺B、性腺、垂体、甲状腺C、肠腺、汗腺、唾液腺D、垂体、肠腺、唾液腺【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】下来有关内分泌腺和调节的叙述正确的是( )A、胰腺和胰岛都是内分泌腺B、人体内的腺体都能分泌激素C、幼年时期的胰岛素分泌不足会得侏儒症D、激素调节受神经调节的控制,也能对神经调节产生影响【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】下列腺体中,除哪一个外,其余腺体的分泌物均直接进入血液中( )A、垂体B、甲状腺C、胰腺D、性腺【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】下列各种腺体中,不属于内分泌腺的是( )A、垂体B、胸腺C、肠腺D、胰岛【答案】:【解析】:第7题【单选题】科学研究发现,中学生在晚上10 时前入睡,且睡足9 个小时,更有利于垂体分泌促进人体生长所需要的激素,这种激素是( )A、甲状腺激素B、胰岛素C、生长激素D、性激素【答案】:【解析】:第8题【实验探究题】该实验的假设是:______.本实验有一处不够严谨,请你指出来并完善______.你的预期结果是:A组______,B组______.【答案】:【解析】:第9题【实验探究题】胰腺是哺乳动物体内的一种腺体,其中分布着神经和血管。

精选2019-2020年初中八年级下册科学3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版拔高训练六十一

精选2019-2020年初中八年级下册科学3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版拔高训练六十一

精选2019-2020年初中八年级下册科学3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版拔高训练六十一第1题【单选题】下列有关人体激素的叙述,错误的是( )A、人体内激素种类多,含量大,是调节人体生理活动的主要物质B、激素直接进入血液,运往全身C、激素是人体内分泌腺的分泌物D、激素和神经系统共同调节人体生命活动【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】下面有关激素的叙述,不正确的是( )A、激素可以代替神经系统对各项生理活动进行调节B、激素对人体的新陈代谢、生长、发育和生殖等生理活动起调节作用C、激素在血液中含量极少,但作用很大D、激素是由内分泌腺的腺细胞分泌的,是对身体有特殊作用的化学物质【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】下列有关激素的叙述中,不正确的是( ).A、人体的活细胞都能产生激素B、激素直接进入血液中,含量很低C、激素对人体的生理活动起调节作用D、激素是由体内的内分泌腺分泌的【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】冬泳运动被誉为是“勇敢者的运动”。

冬泳时运动员生理上可能出现的变化是( )A、机体耗氧量下降B、骨骼肌战栗C、甲状腺激素分泌减少D、皮肤血管舒张【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】能引起血糖增加、患糖尿病,是下列哪种激素分泌不足造成的( )。

A、甲状腺激素B、生长激素C、胰岛素D、肾上腺皮质激素【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )A、生长激素B、胰岛素C、性激素D、甲状腺激素【答案】:【解析】:第7题【单选题】下列腺体中,除哪一个外,其余腺体的分泌物均直接进入血液中( )A、垂体B、甲状腺C、胰腺D、性腺【答案】:【解析】:第8题【单选题】下列属于内分泌腺、能分泌激素的是( )A、唾液腺B、肠腺C、汗腺D、垂体【答案】:【解析】:第9题【填空题】胰液是由______分泌的,甲状腺激素是由______分泌的,胆汁是由______分泌的,尿液是在______中形成的。

最新精选科学八年级下册[3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版习题精选[含答案解析]第一百篇

最新精选科学八年级下册[3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版习题精选[含答案解析]第一百篇

最新精选科学八年级下册[3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版习题精选[含答案解析]第一百篇第1题【单选题】1976年,美国的一位教授首次将人的生长激素释放抑制因子的基因转入到大肠杆菌,并获得“表达”。

这是人类第一次获得的转基因生物。

文中的“表达”是指该基因在大肠杆菌内( )A、能进行DNA复制B、能随大肠杆菌的繁殖传递给后代C、能合成生长激素抑制因子D、能合成人的生长激素【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】如图为身高110厘米的广东男子与身高70厘米的“袖珍新娘”喜结连理的幸福画面.下列哪项是婚检医生的介绍?( )A、他俩智力发育正常,有生殖能力B、他俩智力有缺陷,无正常生殖能力C、他俩现在可以用注射生长激素治疗D、他俩是由于幼年甲状腺激素分泌不足造成的【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】央视科技频道报道:一对15岁的双胞胎姐妹聪明伶俐,但身高只有1米左右,为了能长高,姐妹俩每天都注射一种针剂。

你认为这种针剂的有效成分应该是( )A、甲状腺激素B、生长激素C、胰岛素D、性激素【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】人体胰岛素分泌不足,可能会导致出现( )A、侏儒症B、呆小症C、巨人症D、糖尿病【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )A、生长激素B、胰岛素C、性激素D、甲状腺激素【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】冬泳运动被誉为是“勇敢者的运动”。

冬泳时运动员生理上可能出现的变化是( )A、机体耗氧量下降B、骨骼肌战栗C、甲状腺激素分泌减少D、皮肤血管舒张【答案】:【解析】:第7题【单选题】下列有关人体激素的叙述正确的是( )A、激素由外分泌腺分泌,对生命活动起重要调节作用B、激素通过血液循环参与调节人体的生命活动C、垂体分泌的生长激素可以提高神经系统的兴奋性D、侏儒症的病因是幼年时甲状腺分泌的甲状腺激素过少【答案】:【解析】:第8题【单选题】下列关于激素分泌异常与相关病症不对应的是( )A、幼年时期生长激素分泌不足—侏儒症B、婴、幼儿时期甲状腺激素分泌不足—呆小症C、胰岛素分泌不足—糖尿病D、幼年时期生长激素分泌过多—肢端肥大症【答案】:【解析】:第9题【填空题】妇女甲因子宫肌瘤,在医院进行了子宫切除手术。

3 人体生命活动的激素调节-2023-2024学年八年级科学下册精讲精练(华师大版)(原卷版)

3 人体生命活动的激素调节-2023-2024学年八年级科学下册精讲精练(华师大版)(原卷版)

一、内分泌腺和激素1、结构和功能:在人体内分布着许多内分泌腺,它们会分泌相应的激素,虽然这些激素在血液中的含量极少,但它们对人体的生长发育、物质和能量的转化、生殖、对外界刺激做出反应等生命活动起着重要的调节作用。

2、分布人体内分泌腺示意图(及功能)(1)垂体:分泌的生长激素能够控制人的生长发育。

(2)肾上腺:分泌的肾上腺素能加快心跳的节奏,扩张通往肌肉的血管。

(3)胰腺:胰岛分泌的胰岛素能促进人体吸收的葡萄糖储存在肝脏和肌肉内。

(4)甲状腺:分泌的甲状腺激素能够促进体内的物质和能量的转化,提高神经系统兴奋性。

(5)卵巢:分泌的雌性激素促进生殖器官和生殖细胞的生成,激发和维持人的第二性征。

(6)睾丸:分泌的雄性激素促进生殖器官和生殖细胞的生成,激发和维持人的第二性征。

3、内外分泌腺的区别与联系:内分泌腺是没有导管的腺体,他们的分泌物——激素,直接进入腺体的毛细血管,并随着血液循环到全身各处。

不同的内分泌腺分泌不同的激素,不同的激素具有独自独特的生理功能。

他们与神经系统一起指挥或协调人体内的各种生理活动。

外分泌腺则通过导管将分泌物排出体外。

➢人体内的腺体分为外分泌腺和内分泌腺;外分泌腺有导管,如:唾液腺、汗腺、肝脏、胃腺、肠腺等。

➢胰腺分为外分泌部和内分泌部,外分泌部分泌胰液,是消化液。

内分泌部是胰岛。

所以胰腺既是内分泌腺,又是外分泌腺。

4、激素分泌异常引发的一些疾病:➢胸腺:分泌胸腺激素。

与幼儿免疫力有关,成年后退化。

➢胰岛素分泌过多:低血糖。

➢治疗糖尿病应采用注射胰岛素的方法。

➢肾上腺:分泌肾上腺素。

使心跳加快、血压升高、血管扩张,面红耳赤,俗称激动激素。

➢兴奋剂主要是甲状腺激素。

二、胰岛素与血糖含量血糖:我们每天摄入的食物为生命活动提供了必须的营养物质。

其中糖类物质会在人体内转变为葡萄糖进入血液,这种血液中的葡萄糖叫做血糖。

1、内分泌紊乱会引起一些疾病,下列与激素分泌无关的疾病是()A.扁桃体炎B.肢端肥大症C.大脖子病D.糖尿病2、“女大十八变,越变越好看”,与这种变化直接相关的器官是()A.雌性激素B.子宫C.卵细胞D.卵巢3、妇女甲因子宫肌瘤,在医院进行了子宫切除手术。

2019年精选初中八年级下册科学[第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版知识点练习[含答案

2019年精选初中八年级下册科学[第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版知识点练习[含答案

2019年精选初中八年级下册科学[第7章生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节]华师大版知识点练习[含答案解析]第二十九篇第1题【单选题】下列腺体中,除哪一个外,其余腺体的分泌物均直接进入血液中( )A、垂体B、甲状腺C、胰腺D、性腺【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】下列说法错误的是( )A、人体生命活动调节的方式包括神经调节和激素调节B、泌尿系统、呼吸系统和皮肤都能排出代谢废物C、消化食物和吸收营养物质的主要器官是小肠D、体循环的起止部位分别是右心房、左心室【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】小明是一个足球迷,每当看到自己喜欢的球队进球时,都会欢呼雀跃.同时出现面红耳赤、心跳加快、血压升高的现象,这是由下列哪种激素分泌增多引起的( )A、肾上腺激素B、胰岛素C、甲状腺激素D、生长激素【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】下列不属于内分泌腺的是( )A、胸腺B、肾上腺C、卵巢D、胰腺【解析】:第5题【单选题】下列关于内分泌腺的说法正确的是( )。

A、泪腺、汗腺都把分泌物排到体表,所以都属于外分泌腺B、胃腺、肠腺都把分泌物排到体内,所以都属于内分泌腺C、内分泌腺的分泌物激素,通过导管进入周围的毛细血管D、各种内分泌腺分泌的激素,都参与人体生命活动的调节【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】内分泌腺不同于外分泌腺的主要特点是( )①没有导管②具有导管③由腺细胞构成④分泌激素⑤分泌物直接进入毛细血管⑥分泌物由导管排出A、①③④⑤B、②④⑥C、①④⑥D、②③④【答案】:第7题【单选题】如图是小明饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、从曲线波动可知,小明血糖含量极为不稳定B、BC段血糖含量上升说明小明患糖尿病C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140 毫克/100 毫升【答案】:【解析】:第8题【单选题】胰岛素分泌不足的人,尿液里常含有( )。

A、红细胞B、白细胞C、蛋白质D、葡萄糖【答案】:【解析】:第9题【填空题】某人反应迟钝、智力低下、身材矮小,这是由于该人幼年时______分泌不足的缘故。

精选2019-2020年初中科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版巩固辅导第八十六篇

精选2019-2020年初中科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版巩固辅导第八十六篇

精选2019-2020年初中科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版巩固辅导第八十六篇第1题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、C点血糖含量高是糖尿病的表现B、BC段血糖含量上升是因为呼吸作用减弱C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140毫克/100毫升【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】胰岛素分泌不足的人,尿液里常含有( )。

A、红细胞B、白细胞C、蛋白质D、葡萄糖【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线.下列叙述正确的是( )A、C点血糖含量高是糖尿病的表现B、BC段血糖含量上升是因为呼吸作用减弱C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140毫克/100毫升【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】下列各项中,你认为属于激素调节的是:( )。

A、食物误入气管引起剧烈咳嗽B、强光射来时,迅速闭眼C、男同学在青春期喉结突出D、望梅止渴【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】下列有关激素的叙述中,不正确的是( ).A、人体的活细胞都能产生激素B、激素直接进入血液中,含量很低C、激素对人体的生理活动起调节作用D、激素是由体内的内分泌腺分泌的【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】下列关于内分泌腺的说法正确的是( )。

A、泪腺、汗腺都把分泌物排到体表,所以都属于外分泌腺B、胃腺、肠腺都把分泌物排到体内,所以都属于内分泌腺C、内分泌腺的分泌物激素,通过导管进入周围的毛细血管D、各种内分泌腺分泌的激素,都参与人体生命活动的调节【答案】:【解析】:第7题【单选题】下列各种腺体中,不属于内分泌腺的是( )A、垂体B、胸腺C、肠腺D、胰岛【答案】:【解析】:第8题【单选题】下图为人体内流经某器官或结构的血流情况模式图。

H代表某种器官或结构,M、N代表血管,箭头代表血流方向。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、若H为心脏,则M中流静脉血,N中流动脉血B、若H为肺泡,则N内血液中的二氧化碳含量增多C、若H为肾小球,则M、N均为动脉D、若H为甲状腺,则N内血液中的甲状腺激素的含量下降【答案】:【解析】:第9题【单选题】下列有关人体激素的叙述,错误的是( )A、激素是人体内分泌腺的分泌物B、人体内激素种类多,含量大,是调节人体生命活动的主要物质C、激素和神经系统共同调节人体生命活动D、激素直接进入血液,运往全身【答案】:【解析】:第10题【单选题】央视科技频道报道:一对15岁的双胞胎姐妹聪明伶俐,但身高只有1米左右,为了能长高,姐妹俩每天都注射一种针剂。

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册3人体生命活动的激素调节课后 练习第十二篇.docx

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册3人体生命活动的激素调节课后 练习第十二篇.docx

2019年精选华师大版科学八年级下册3人体生命活动的激素调节课后练习第十二篇第1题【单选题】下列关于激素的叙述,正确的是()A、激素来源于有导管的腺体B、激素可作为营养物质C、激素可提供能量D、血液中含量极少,只有几百分之几微克【答案】:D【解析】:[分析】人体内的腺体根^分泌物的去向可分为外分泌腺和内分泌腺,皮脂腺、汗腺、唾液腺等r它们的分泌物是通过导管排出的,因此这类腺体叫外分泌腺;没有导管,分泌物直接进入腺体内的毛细血管里r随着血液循环输送到全身各处,这类腺体叫内分泌腺,如垂体、甲状腺、肾上腺、胰岛、性腺(睾丸、卵巢)和胸腺(在性成熟期后逐渐变小)等,它们分泌的激養含量很少,但作用很大r如果分泌异常就会得相应的病症.[解答】A、激養是由内分泌腺分泌的f内分泌腺没有导管,A错误;B、激養不可作为营养物质f B错误;C、激表不可提供能量,C错误;D、激養含量很少,只有几百分之几微克,但作用很大r D正确;妙:D第2题【单选题】A、AB、BC、CD、D【答案】:A【解析】:[分析]扌^^象分析勰,要抓曲质,不能从表面入手.【解答】A施尿病是由于胰岛養分泌过少,导致血糖含量过高,血液中的葡糖糖随尿液排出体外.错误;B高压锅容易将食物煮熟是由于高压锯内气压可以达到两个标准大气压,水的沸点可以达到120°C ,正确;C向光性的实质是由于背光的一长表分不多,生长快,使芽弯向向光的一SB ,正礎;D饮料吸管尖形r利用大气压的原理,使吸管内外形成气压差,正确。

故答棄为:A第3题【单选题】小莉进入青春期后,脸上长满了青春痘,经医生检查发现她体内的性激素分泌失调,这与图中哪个器官的功能有关()£A、甲B、乙C、丙D、丁【答案】:D【解析】:【分析】人体有许多内分泌腺能分泌各种激養控制和调节着人的生长发育。

男生和女生在青春期时性激春分泌大量激養促使男女第二性征的出现,男性产生的雄性激養是由睾丸分泌的r女性产生的雌性激養是由卵巢分泌的.【解答】小莉是女生进入青春期后雌性激養分泌堵加,图示为女性生殖系统,甲为输卵管,乙为子官,丙为阴道,丁为卵巢. 卵巢能产生卵细胞和分泌雌性激養,所以D选项正确.第4题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

华师大版科学八年级下综合训练7.3人体生命活动的激素调节

华师大版科学八年级下综合训练7.3人体生命活动的激素调节

7.3人体生命活动的激素调节1.下列各项中,你认为属于激素调节的是:( )。

A. 食物误入气管引起剧烈咳嗽B. 强光射来时,迅速闭眼C. 男同学在青春期喉结突出D. 望梅止渴2. 小明是一个足球迷,每当看到自己喜欢的球队进球时,都会欢呼雀跃.同时出现面红耳赤、心跳加快、血压升高的现象,这是由下列哪种激素分泌增多引起的()A. 肾上腺激素B. 胰岛素C. 甲状腺激素D. 生长激素3. 下列疾病中,由激素分泌异常引起的是()A. 艾滋病B. 白化病C. 冠心病D. 糖尿病4. 下列疾病与激素分泌异常无关的是()A. 呆小症B. 佝偻病C. 糖尿病D. 巨人症5.下列关于内分泌腺的说法正确的是()。

A. 泪腺、汗腺都把分泌物排到体表,所以都属于外分泌腺B. 胃腺、肠腺都把分泌物排到体内,所以都属于内分泌腺C. 内分泌腺的分泌物激素,通过导管进入周围的毛细血管D. 各种内分泌腺分泌的激素,都参与人体生命活动的调节6. 甲、乙两人均已成年,身高都是80厘米,甲聪明伶俐,乙智力低下。

这两人都是由于幼年时期某种激素分泌不足引起的。

请问:甲、乙两人分泌不足的激素分别应该是()A. 生长激素甲状腺激素B. 胰岛素肾上腺激素C. 甲状腺激素生长激素D. 生长激素;性激素7. 下列关于激素的叙述,正确的是()A. 激素来源于有导管的腺体B. 激素可作为营养物质C. 激素可提供能量D. 血液中含量极少,只有几百分之几微克8. 激素是由人体内分泌腺分泌的,含量极少,却是对人体有特殊作用的物质.下列疾病中因激素分泌异常而引起的一组是()A. 甲亢和佝偻病B. 坏血病和侏儒症C. 糖尿病和巨人症D. 大脖子病和脚气病9.下列有关激素的叙述中,不正确的是().A. 人体的活细胞都能产生激素B. 激素直接进入血液中,含量很低C. 激素对人体的生理活动起调节作用D. 激素是由体内的内分泌腺分泌的10. 央视科技频道报道:一对15岁的双胞胎姐妹聪明伶俐,但身高只有1米左右,为了能长高,姐妹俩每天都注射一种针剂。

2019-2020学年度初中八年级下册科学第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版习题精选第三十

2019-2020学年度初中八年级下册科学第7章 生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版习题精选第三十

2019-2020学年度初中八年级下册科学第7章生命活动的调节3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版习题精选第三十篇第1题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、C点血糖含量高是糖尿病的表现B、BC段血糖含量上升是因为呼吸作用减弱C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140毫克/100毫升【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】有些同学撒谎被揭穿后往往表现为脸红、心跳,这主要是由于人体中什么激素瞬间分泌量大增引起的( )A、胰岛素B、甲状腺激素C、肾上腺激素D、性激素【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】激素是由人体内分泌腺分泌的,含量极少,却是对人体有特殊作用的物质.下列疾病中因激素分泌异常而引起的一组是( )A、甲亢和佝偻病B、坏血病和侏儒症C、糖尿病和巨人症D、大脖子病和脚气病【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】甲、乙两人均已成年,身高都是80厘米,甲聪明伶俐,乙智力低下。

这两人都是由于幼年时期某种激素分泌不足引起的。

请问:甲、乙两人分泌不足的激素分别应该是( )A、生长激素甲状腺激素B、胰岛素肾上腺激素C、甲状腺激素生长激素D、生长激素;性激素【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】生物科技小组用甲状腺制剂饲料喂蝌蚪,结果提前变成小型青蛙,说明甲状腺激素能( )。

A、促进新陈代谢B、提高神经系统的兴奋性C、促进生长发育D、加速体内的物质氧化分解过程【答案】:【解析】:第6题【单选题】下列有关人体生命活动调节的叙述,不正确的是( )A、神经元的基本功能是接受刺激、产生兴奋(冲动)、传导兴奋(冲动)B、脊髓具有反射和传导功能C、“谈虎色变”属于复杂的反射D、人体内的腺体都能分泌激素【答案】:【解析】:第7题【单选题】近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )A、生长激素B、胰岛素C、性激素D、甲状腺激素【答案】:【解析】:第8题【单选题】某人胰岛素分泌不足,可能会患上( )A、<!--{cke_protected}{C}%3C!%2D%2D%5Bif%20gte%20mso%209%5D%3E%3Cxml%3E%0A%20%3Cw%3AWordDocument%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3AView%3ENormal%3C%2Fw%3AView%3E%0A%20%20%3C w%3AZoom%3E0%3C%2Fw%3AZoom%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ATrackMoves%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3 Cw%3ATrackFormatting%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3APunctuationKerning%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3C w%3ADrawingGridVerticalSpacing%3E7.8%20%E7%A3%85%3C%2Fw%3ADrawingGridVerticalSpacing %3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ADisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery%3E0%3C%2Fw%3ADisplayHorizontal DrawingGridEvery%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ADisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery%3E2%3C%2Fw%3ADis playVerticalDrawingGridEvery%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3AValidateAgainstSchemas%2F%3E%0A%20%2 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2020-2021学年华东师大版科学八年级下册7.3 人体生命活动的激素调节

2020-2021学年华东师大版科学八年级下册7.3 人体生命活动的激素调节

3 人体生命活动的激素调节一、单选题1.下列各种腺体中,不属于内分泌腺的是()A. 垂体B. 胸腺C. 肠腺D. 胰岛2.用体重相近、发育正常且程度相似的甲、乙、丙3组雄性小狗进行内分泌腺切除实验,以研究内分泌腺体与分泌激素间的关系.甲不做任何处理,乙、丙分别切除某种内分泌腺。

几个月后,分别测定其血液中的激素含量,得到数据如下表所示(单位:微克/100ml.血液):下列有关叙述中,不正确的是()A. 甲狗在实验中起对照作用B. 乙狗切除的是甲状腺C. 丙狗切除的是(脑)垂体D. 手术一段时间后,乙狗发育正常,丙狗生长停滞3.人体激素分泌失调会导致某些疾病的发生.下列说法错误的是()A. 幼年时期缺乏生长激素导致侏儒症B. 人体胰岛素分泌不足会导致糖尿病C. 成人时期生长激素分泌过多导致巨人症D. 缺碘造成甲状腺激素分泌不足导致“大脖子病”4.俗话说“女大十八变,越变越好看”,这主要是由于分泌的雌性激素在起作用()A. 垂体B. 卵巢C. 甲状腺D. 肾上腺5.下列疾病与人体激素分泌无关的是()A. 夜盲症B. 甲亢C. 糖尿病D. 巨人症6.人类有很多疾病是激素分泌异常引起的,在下列疾病中,主要是由于缺乏激素而引起的是()①甲亢②糖尿病③巨人症④呆小症⑤侏儒症A. ②④⑤B. ③⑤C. ①③④D. ①②③7. 如图是某人在饭前、饭后血糖含量的变化曲线.引起图中d~e段血糖浓度下降的激素是()A. 甲状腺激素B. 胰岛素C. 生长激素D. 雄性激素8.下列有关生命活动调节的叙述,不正确的是()A. 人体体温的调节主要依赖于神经系统和激素的共同调节B. 反射弧包括感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经、效应器C. 幼年时期,脑垂体分泌的生长激素不足会患呆小症D. 植物的向光性生长是由于植物体内生长素分布不均匀引起的9.内分泌紊乱会引起一些疾病,下列与激素分泌无关的是疾病是()A. 侏儒症B. 扁桃体炎C. 糖尿病D. 甲亢10.下列叙述正确的是()A. 人体吸收营养物质的主要场所是胃B. 人体内能降低血糖浓度的激素是胰岛素C. 人体与外界进行气体交换的场所是气管D. 人体生命活动的主要调节机构是大脑11.用体重相近、发育正常且程度相似的甲、乙、丙3组雄性小狗进行内分泌腺切除实验,以研究内分泌腺体与分泌激素间的关系。

初中华师大版科学八年级下册7.3人体生命活动的激素调节教案

初中华师大版科学八年级下册7.3人体生命活动的激素调节教案

班级姓名组号学号学案编号19第一节激素调节学习目标泌系统的组成泌的激素4.举例说明生长激素、甲状腺激素、胰岛素的调节作用和分泌异常时的疾病学习重点生长激素、甲状腺激素、胰岛素的调节作用和分泌异常时的疾病学习难点生长激素、甲状腺激素、胰岛素的调节作用和分泌异常时的疾病学习流程【一】预习导学。

外分泌腺是指。

分泌的对身体有作用的化学物质。

组成的。

主要的内分泌腺有。

4.激素在血液中的含量极少,但对人体的、和等生命活动都具有重要的调节作用。

—78页完成以下表格:激素名称功能分泌失调症生长激素甲状腺激素胰岛素【二】主动探究一、内分泌系统与激素〔阅读课本75页第二自然段答复以下问题〕腺细胞腺细胞1. 右图中哪个是内分泌腺哪个是外分泌腺?并说明理由。

2.内分泌系统是由什么组成的?概念及功能分别是什么? 4.认识人体主要的内分泌腺及其分分泌的激素。

将答案默写在以下图中。

二、生长激素、甲状腺激素和胰岛素的调节作用1.阅读预习导学中的表格记忆三种激素的功能以及分泌失调症。

2.根据三种激素的功能及分泌失调症思考以下问题:〔1〕解释一些缺碘地区曾流传这样的说法:“一代肿,二代傻,三代四代断根芽。

〞 〔2〕资料分析〔阅读课本P.76-77两那么资料答复以下问题:〕A 、为什么饲喂含甲状腺激素制剂饲料的蝌蚪提前发育成了青蛙?B 、手术摘除狗甲状腺的实验能说明什么问题?〔3〕实验与探究〔阅读课本P.77对狗做的实验答复以下问题〕A 、科学家发现,狗切除胰腺后,尿液中出现葡萄糖,并出现糖尿病病人的一些病症。

说明了 。

B 、科学家将正常狗的胰管结扎,发现胰腺大都萎缩了,只有内部一团团的细胞——胰岛活着,并乙图甲图〔 〕分泌〔 〕 〔〕分泌〔 〕 〔 〕分泌〔 〕〔 〕分泌〔 〕 〔 〕分泌〔 〕 〔 〕分泌〔 〕 〔 〕分泌〔 〕且尿液中没有出现葡萄糖。

说明了。

C、切除胰腺,注射胰岛提取液,不出现糖尿。

说明了。

【三】达标自测1.如果成年人的生长激素分泌过多,就会引起〔〕A.巨人症B.肢端肥大症C.侏儒症D.佝偻病2.以下属于人的内分泌腺的是〔〕①皮脂腺;②卵巢;③唾液腺;④肝脏;⑤垂体;⑥肠腺;⑦汗腺A.①、⑦B.②、⑤C.③、⑥D.④、⑤病中,因缺乏激素而引起的是〔〕A.夜盲症B.坏血病C.色盲症D.侏儒症4.胰岛素分泌缺乏的人,尿液里常含有〔〕A.红细胞B.白细胞C.蛋白质D.葡萄糖5.以下腺体中,既属于内分泌腺又属于外分泌腺的是〔〕A、唾液腺B、垂体C、甲状腺D、胰腺【五】知识回忆。

2019-2020学年度科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版课后辅导练习十

2019-2020学年度科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版课后辅导练习十

2019-2020学年度科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版课后辅导练习十第1题【单选题】下列有关激素的叙述中,不正确的是( ).A、人体的活细胞都能产生激素B、激素直接进入血液中,含量很低C、激素对人体的生理活动起调节作用D、激素是由体内的内分泌腺分泌的【答案】:【解析】:第2题【单选题】既是外分泌腺,又是内分泌腺的腺体是( )A、垂体B、胰腺C、胃腺D、卵巢【答案】:【解析】:第3题【单选题】人体胰岛素分泌不足,可能会导致出现( )A、侏儒症B、呆小症C、巨人症D、糖尿病【答案】:【解析】:第4题【单选题】糖尿病是一种激素分泌异常造成的非传染性疾病,我国患糖尿病的人数居世界首位.糖尿病发病的主要原因是( )A、生长激素分泌不足B、胰岛素分泌不足C、生长激素分泌过多D、胰岛素分泌过多【答案】:【解析】:第5题【单选题】某人胰岛素分泌不足,可能会患上( )A、<!--{cke_protected}{C}%3C!%2D%2D%5Bif%20gte%20mso%209%5D%3E%3Cxml%3E%0A%20%3Cw%3 AWordDocument%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3AView%3ENormal%3C%2Fw%3AView%3E%0A%20%20%3 Cw%3AZoom%3E0%3C%2Fw%3AZoom%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ATrackMoves%2F%3E%0A%20%20% 3Cw%3ATrackFormatting%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3APunctuationKerning%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3 Cw%3ADrawingGridVerticalSpacing%3E7.8%20%E7%A3%85%3C%2Fw%3ADrawingGridVerticalSpacin g%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ADisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery%3E0%3C%2Fw%3ADisplayHorizontal DrawingGridEvery%3E%0A%20%20%3Cw%3ADisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery%3E2%3C%2Fw%3ADis 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ns%20*%2F%0A%20table.MsoNormalTable%0A%09%7Bmso-style-name%3A%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9 A%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%3B%0A%09mso-tstyle-rowband-size%3A0%3B%0A%09mso-tstyle-colban d-size%3A0%3B%0A%09mso-style-noshow%3Ayes%3B%0A%09mso-style-priority%3A99%3B%0A%09 mso-style-qformat%3Ayes%3B%0A%09mso-style-parent%3A%22%22%3B%0A%09mso-padding-alt%3 A0cm%205.4pt%200cm%205.4pt%3B%0A%09mso-para-margin%3A0cm%3B%0A%09mso-para-margi n-bottom%3A.0001pt%3B%0A%09mso-pagination%3Awidow-orphan%3B%0A%09font-size%3A10.5pt %3B%0A%09mso-bidi-font-size%3A11.0pt%3B%0A%09font-family%3A%22Calibri%22%2C%22sans-ser if%22%3B%0A%09mso-ascii-font-family%3ACalibri%3B%0A%09mso-ascii-theme-font%3Aminor-latin% 3B%0A%09mso-fareast-font-family%3A%E5%AE%8B%E4%BD%93%3B%0A%09mso-fareast-theme-fon t%3Aminor-fareast%3B%0A%09mso-hansi-font-family%3ACalibri%3B%0A%09mso-hansi-theme-font% 3Aminor-latin%3B%0A%09mso-bidi-font-family%3A%22Times%20New%20Roman%22%3B%0A%09ms o-bidi-theme-font%3Aminor-bidi%3B%0A%09mso-font-kerning%3A1.0pt%3B%7D%0A%3C%2Fstyle% 3E%0A%3C!%5Bendif%5D%2D%2D%3E-->糖尿病B、甲亢C、呆小症D、低血糖【答案】:【解析】:。

2019-2020学年度华师大版科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节习题精选六十三

2019-2020学年度华师大版科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节习题精选六十三

2019-2020学年度华师大版科学八年级下册3 人体生命活动的激素调节习题精选六十三➢第1题【单选题】如图为身高110厘米的广东男子与身高70厘米的“袖珍新娘”喜结连理的幸福画面.下列哪项是婚检医生的介绍?( )A、他俩智力发育正常,有生殖能力B、他俩智力有缺陷,无正常生殖能力C、他俩现在可以用注射生长激素治疗D、他俩是由于幼年甲状腺激素分泌不足造成的【答案】:【解析】:➢第2题【单选题】内分泌腺不同于外分泌腺的主要特点是( )①没有导管②具有导管③由腺细胞构成④分泌激素⑤分泌物直接进入毛细血管⑥分泌物由导管排出A、①③④⑤B、②④⑥C、①④⑥D、②③④【答案】:【解析】:➢第3题【单选题】下列有关激素的叙述中,不正确的是( ).A、人体的活细胞都能产生激素B、激素直接进入血液中,含量很低C、激素对人体的生理活动起调节作用D、激素是由体内的内分泌腺分泌的【答案】:【解析】:➢第4题【单选题】下列有关生物代谢的说法正确的是( )A、植物在白天进行光合作用,晚上进行呼吸作用B、健康人进食后,血液中血糖浓度升高,其尿液中也可能出现大量葡萄糖C、人体在熟睡过程中呼吸减慢,呼吸作用停止D、在酿酒过程中起发酵作用的酵母菌属于异养生物【答案】:【解析】:➢第5题【单选题】冬泳运动被誉为是“勇敢者的运动”。

冬泳时运动员生理上可能出现的变化是( )A、机体耗氧量下降B、骨骼肌战栗C、甲状腺激素分泌减少D、皮肤血管舒张【答案】:【解析】:➢第6题【单选题】如图为某人饭后四小时内血糖含量的变化曲线。

下列叙述正确的是( )A、C点血糖含量高是糖尿病的表现B、BC段血糖含量上升是因为呼吸作用减弱C、CD段血糖含量下降是因为胰岛素分泌增加D、人体的正常血糖含量为140毫克/100毫升【答案】:【解析】:➢第7题【单选题】下列关于内分泌腺的说法正确的是( )。

A、泪腺、汗腺都把分泌物排到体表,所以都属于外分泌腺B、胃腺、肠腺都把分泌物排到体内,所以都属于内分泌腺C、内分泌腺的分泌物激素,通过导管进入周围的毛细血管D、各种内分泌腺分泌的激素,都参与人体生命活动的调节【答案】:【解析】:➢第8题【单选题】A、甲状腺能分泌甲状腺激素B、该实验证明甲状腺是内分泌腺C、甲状腺激素会影响蝌蚪的发育D、甲组在实验中起对照作用【答案】:【解析】:➢第9题【单选题】有些同学撒谎被揭穿后往往表现为脸红、心跳,这主要是由于人体中什么激素瞬间分泌量大增引起的( )A、胰岛素B、甲状腺激素C、肾上腺激素D、性激素【答案】:【解析】:➢第10题【单选题】生物科技小组用甲状腺制剂饲料喂蝌蚪,结果提前变成小型青蛙,说明甲状腺激素能( )。

2020春华东师大版八年级科学下册同步测试:7.3人体生命活动的激素调节

2020春华东师大版八年级科学下册同步测试:7.3人体生命活动的激素调节

3__人体生命活动的激素调节__ [学生用书B46]1.(2019·德清二模)某人身体矮小但智力正常,病因是幼年时某种激素分泌过少,缺少的激素和所患的疾病分别是(D)A.甲状腺激素和呆小症B.生长激素和呆小症C.甲状腺激素和侏儒症D.生长激素和侏儒症2.内分泌紊乱会引起一些疾病,下列与激素分泌无关的疾病是(A)A.扁桃体炎B.肢端肥大症C.大脖子病D.糖尿病【解析】扁桃体炎是由细菌感染造成的,不是由激素分泌紊乱引起的。

3.(2018·广东模拟)下列结构不属于人体内分泌腺的是(B)A.肾上腺B.唾液腺C.甲状腺D.垂体4.下列疾病由激素分泌异常引起的是(A)A.呆小症B.佝偻病C.贫血D.白化病5.(2019·岳阳一模)下图中甲、乙表示器官,箭头表示血流方向。

根据血液成分的变化,可以判断甲、乙依次是(C)A.肾、卵巢B.垂体、睾丸C.垂体、卵巢D.小肠、卵巢【解析】从图中可以看出,从甲器官流出的血液与流入的血液相比,生长激素增多,可以判断甲器官能产生生长激素,故甲器官是垂体;从乙器官流出的血液与流入的血液相比,雌性激素增多,故此器官是卵巢。

6.下列有关人体激素的叙述正确的是(B)A.激素通过导管进入循环系统,参与调节人体的生命活动B.激素调节受神经调节的控制,也能对神经调节产生影响C.垂体分泌的生长激素可以提高神经系统的兴奋性D.缺铁性贫血是由于幼年时甲状腺激素分泌过少造成的【解析】内分泌腺分泌的激素不通过导管,直接进入腺体周围的毛细血管,并随着血液循环送到全身各处;甲状腺激素能提高神经系统的兴奋性,而生长激素有调节人体生长发育的作用;幼年时甲状腺激素分泌不足,会导致呆小症。

7.(2018·昌吉期末)下列有关人体激素的叙述中,正确的是(D)A.激素都是蛋白质分子B.激素对化学反应具有催化作用C.体液调节都有激素的参与D.激素由内分泌器官(或细胞)产生8.(2018·湖南)利用蝌蚪进行甲状腺激素的探究实验,具体操作如表:乙组后来加入甲状腺激素,结果又能继续发育。

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精选2019-2020年初中八年级下册科学3 人体生命活动的激素调节华师大版复习
巩固第八十二篇
第1题【单选题】
近年来儿童性早熟现象日益突出,如男孩早早长出胡须、女孩月经提早等,这与摄入含激素类物质有密切关系,这些物质最有可能含有的激素是( )
A、生长激素
B、胰岛素
C、性激素
D、甲状腺激素
【答案】:
【解析】:
第2题【单选题】
下列有关人体激素的叙述正确的是( )
A、激素由外分泌腺分泌,对生命活动起重要调节作用
B、激素通过血液循环参与调节人体的生命活动
C、垂体分泌的生长激素可以提高神经系统的兴奋性
D、侏儒症的病因是幼年时甲状腺分泌的甲状腺激素过少
【答案】:
【解析】:
第3题【单选题】
下列人类疾病中,由激素分泌异常引起的是( )
A、糖尿病
B、佝偻病
C、艾滋病
D、坏血病
【答案】:
【解析】:
第4题【单选题】
冬泳运动被誉为是“勇敢者的运动”。

冬泳时运动员生理上可能出现的变化是( )
A、机体耗氧量下降
B、骨骼肌战栗
C、甲状腺激素分泌减少
D、皮肤血管舒张
【答案】:
【解析】:
第5题【单选题】
下列各种腺体中,不属于内分泌腺的是( )。

A、垂体
B、胸腺
C、肠腺
D、胰岛
【答案】:
【解析】:
第6题【单选题】
人体胰岛素分泌不足,可能会导致出现( )
A、侏儒症
B、呆小症
C、巨人症
D、糖尿病
【答案】:
【解析】:
第7题【单选题】
下列疾病中,由激素分泌异常引起的是( )
A、艾滋病
B、白化病
C、冠心病
D、糖尿病
【答案】:
【解析】:
第8题【单选题】
下列属于内分泌腺、能分泌激素的是( )
A、唾液腺
B、肠腺
C、汗腺
D、垂体
【答案】:
【解析】:
第9题【单选题】
生物科技小组用甲状腺制剂饲料喂蝌蚪,结果提前变成小型青蛙,说明甲状腺激素能( )。

A、促进新陈代谢
B、提高神经系统的兴奋性
C、促进生长发育
D、加速体内的物质氧化分解过程
【答案】:
【解析】:
第10题【单选题】
下列腺体中,除哪一个外,其余腺体的分泌物均直接进入血液中( )
A、垂体
B、甲状腺
C、胰腺
D、性腺
【答案】:
【解析】:
人的体温一般都为37℃左右,这是人体通过______调节和激素调节控制人体的产热和散热过程的结果。

当气温下降时,人体将体温下降的信息传到脑内的体温调节中枢,经过整合后,通过战栗、皮肤血管收缩、______(选填“甲状腺激素”或“胰岛素”)分泌增加等途径使体内产热增加,散热减少。

【答案】:
【解析】:
第12题【填空题】
某人反应迟钝、智力低下、身材矮小,这是由于该人幼年时______分泌不足的缘故。

某人在发生车祸后,其动作的协调性能力大大降低,其受伤的部位可能是______。

【答案】:
【解析】:
英国汤普森摩根公司的研究人员通过15年的反复试验,在它们长到大约60厘米的时候,把番茄上部与土豆根茎部结合,终于成功培育出一种“一藤双生”植物——番茄薯——根部长土豆枝头结西红柿。

请根据信息回答下列问题:
西红柿是由______发育而来的;
收获的番茄和土豆中营养物质都来自于该植物的光合作用,营养物质主要储存在细胞的______中,但是它们的口感不同。

造成此性状差异的主要原因是两者的______不同;
食用土豆后,淀粉物质被消化成葡萄糖进入血液,一段时间后,发现人体血糖含量并不会明显增加,这与______(填一激素名称)的调节密切相关。

【答案】:无
【解析】:
第14题【实验探究题】
请完成实验:甲状腺激素有促进蝌蚪发育的作用。

现提供40只大小、发育状况相似的蝌蚪、两个玻璃缸、水草、清水、不含任何激素的食物、甲状腺活性物质等材料。

请你完成以下实验,验证甲状腺激素的作用:
实验变量:是否加入甲状腺活性物质。

实验设计:①两个玻璃缸分别编号为A和B,各放入______只蝌蚪、适量清水、少量水草,每天同时喂食。

②A缸加入甲状腺活性物质;B缸______。

③每天做好观察记录。

实验结果:______。

得出结论:______。

【答案】:
【解析】:
第15题【实验探究题】
用右图实验装置研究甲状腺激素对小白鼠的新陈代谢是否有促进作用,装置可以满足实验所需的条件。

实验步骤如下:①将数只生理状况相同、健康的小白鼠平均分为甲、乙两组,分别放人两个装置中饲养。

②甲组喂食普通饲料,乙组喂食等量的添加甲状腺激素的同种饲料,一段时间后测量并记录两装置中红色液柱的移动距离。

?
两个实验装置中红色液柱都向______(填“左”或“右”)移动,移动的原因是______。

""
装有乙组小白鼠的装置中红色液柱的移动距离较大,由此得出初步结论:______。

""
【答案】:无
【解析】:。

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