初中英语句子结构句子成分讲解
初中英语句子结构句子成分讲解
初中英语句子结构句子成分讲解句子结构是指句子的组成部分及其在句子中的位置关系。
句子成分是指句子中具有独立语法功能的各个部分。
下面是对初中英语句子结构和句子成分的讲解:1. 主语(Subject):句子中执行动作的主体或是发出动作的人或物。
主语一般是名词或代词,通常位于谓语动词前面。
例如:- The girl runs.(这个女孩跑。
)- He is my friend.(他是我的朋友。
)2. 谓语(Predicate):句子中表达主语动作、状态或特点的部分。
谓语一般是动词,通常位于主语后面。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(猫在睡觉。
)- They are playing football.(他们在踢足球。
)3. 宾语(Object):句子中接受动作的人或事物。
宾语一般是名词或代词,通常位于谓语动词后面。
例如:- I bought a book.(我买了一本书。
)- She is eating an apple.(她正在吃一个苹果。
)4. 表语(Predicative):用来说明主语的特征、状态或性质的部分。
表语一般是形容词、名词或代词,通常位于系动词后。
例如:- He seems tired.(他看起来很累。
)- She is a doctor.(她是一名医生。
)5. 定语(Attributive):用来修饰名词或代词的部分。
定语可以是形容词、副词、名词、介词短语等,通常位于被修饰词的前面。
例如:- The blue car is mine.(那辆蓝色的车是我的。
)- The boy in the red shirt is my brother.(穿红衣服的男孩是我弟弟。
6. 状语(Adverbial):用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的部分。
状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等,通常位于句子中的任何位置。
例如:- He runs fast.(他跑得快。
)- They went to the park yesterday.(他们昨天去了公园。
初中英语语法——句子成分
初中英语语法——句子成分一、句子成分精讲句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。
主要成分:主语与谓语1、主语一个句子中需要加以说明或描述得对象。
主语得位置:一般位于句首,由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词得词、短语等充当。
The schoolis far from here、名词做主语She goesto schoolby bike、代词做主语Eightis alucky number。
数词做主语Theblindneedmore help。
名词化得形容词做主语There isapen on the desk、名词做主语Predicting the futureis interesting。
动名词做主语Tobe a doctor is my dream、不定式短语做主语2、谓语表示人或事物(主语)得动作与存在得状态.英语中由动词be、动词have与行为动词来充当谓语动词句子得时态与语态就是通过谓语表现出来。
谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上得助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
分析句子得主语与谓语Mr。
Li teaches English、Hecan play the piano。
My parentsandIare having dinner.3、表语用来说明主语得身份、特征、性质、状态、表语得位置用在动词be与系动词得后面。
名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。
Your pen ison thedesk。
He gotvery angry.My dream istohave a robot、常见得系动词1。
be动词2、与感觉有关得动词look, sound, smell,taste, feel 等3。
表示状态变化得动词,意为“变得" “变成” 如get,grow, turn等上述两类词作连系动词时要用形容词作表语,千万不能用副词、4、宾语就是动作得对象或承受者、及物动词必须跟宾语。
初中英语句子成分及简单句结构
初中英语句子成分及简单句结构1. 主语(Subject):句子中具有动作或状态的人或事物。
例如:I, he, she, they, students, dogs, etc.2. 谓语(Predicate):句子中描述主语动作或状态的部分。
可以是动词、形容词、或其他能说明主语的词语。
例如:is eating, are playing, was happy, looks beautiful, etc.3. 宾语(Object):谓语动作的接受者或受影响的对象。
例如:a book, the apple, her, etc. 可以是直接宾语(直接受动作影响)或间接宾语(通过介词与动作相连)。
- 表语(Predicate Nominative):用来说明主语身份或特点的名词、代词、形容词等。
例如:She is a student.(学生是主语的身份)5. 状语(Adverbial):用来修饰动词、形容词、副词等的状语成分。
状语可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式、目的等。
例如:He runs fast.(fast修饰动词runs)简单句的结构可以是:- 主语 + 谓语:例如:I study.- 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语:例如:She likes cats.- 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补:例如:I found him tired.- 主语 + 谓语 + 表语:例如:She is a teacher.- 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语:例如:They watched a movie yesterday.- 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 + 状语:例如:He made his mother proud with his achievements.注意:这只是初中英语句子结构的基本介绍,实际句子可能更复杂,会涉及到从句、并列结构等。
此外,句子的成分也会根据句型和句意的需要而变化。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词或情态动词后面。
例如:T om is a good boy.(名词)W e o ften speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)T o swim in the river is a gr eat pleasure.(不定式)Smoking do e s harm t o the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has no t been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate“是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples.(动词)He practices running every morning.(动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:Y ou may k eep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
(完整版)初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
(完整版)初中英语句⼦成分讲解_练习及答案句⼦成分及基本句型⼀、考点、热点回顾【句⼦的成分】在英⽂中句⼦成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补⾜语等。
(⼀)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表⽰所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
⼀般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句⾸。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(⼆)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分⾥主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在⼈称和数两⽅⾯必须⼀致。
它在主语后⾯。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语⼀起作谓语)We study hard. (⾏为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、⾏为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词⼀起说明主语做什么。
⼀般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听⾳乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解
初中英语句子成分讲解一概述:句子成分概念:组成句子的各个部分,即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语,主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语:表示句子所说的是什么人或神秘物,一般由名词、代词或不定式,V-ing和从句充当。
谓语:说明主语是什么,做什么或怎么样。
由动词充当,主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
谓语动词存在多种时态,它是句子的核心。
表语:说明主语是说明或怎么样,由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、句子等充当。
宾语:表示动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式、V-ing、从句充当,和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
定语:用来修饰名词或代词。
由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、从句充当。
单词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前,短语或句子作定语放在被修饰才之后。
状语:用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、条件、目的、方式、程度等等。
通常由副词、介词短语、不定式或句子充当。
(若在同一句子中出现多个不同状语,常见的4个的顺序为:方式状语、目的状语、地点状语、时间状语。
)Eg.I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday二详解1.主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物。
1).名词例如:A moon cake is a delicious, round cake.The first truck is carrying a few baskets.The temperature will stay above zero.The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.China does not want to copy the USA’s example.2).代词例如:It’s a young forest.I don’t know if it will grow.That’s a bit expensive.You’d better buy a new pair.I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.3).数词例如:One and two is three.One is not enough for me. I want one more.One of them is English.Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.Two will be enough.4).不定式(常以It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现)例如:To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.I found it difficult to get to sleep.It’s glad to see you again.It was difficult to see.But it’s good to swim in summer.5).动名词Swimming is interesting.Reading books is good for us.6).名词化的形容词做主语The blind need more help.7).句子作主语What he has said is true.8).It作主语,有如下情况:1)指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this ? It’s a bus. (指代what)2)指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人Who’s knocking the door? It’s me. (指代who) Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代who)3) 表示时间,天气,距离:What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)How far is it? It’s about one kilometer away. (距离)6.there 引起的There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。
初中英语句子结构
1.主语+谓语。
2.主语+谓语+宾语。
3.主语+系动词+表语。
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。
★★我们先解释一下五种句子结构中的句子成分。
1.主语(s),一般由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、句子等来担任。
2.谓语,一般由及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)来充当。
及物动词(vt.):这里动词如果后面不带宾语,意思就不完整。
例如like、make。
不及物动词(vi.):这类动词的意思本身就是完整的,是闭合的,后面带不了宾语。
例如smile,cry。
3.宾语(o),位于及物动词后面。
名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、句子,都可以作宾语。
主语和宾语的关系,就像主人和宾客的关系,主人向客人发出邀请,客人接受邀请;主人做出了各种款待客人的动作,客人则是接受这些动作。
4.双宾语,宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分,指人的宾语是间接宾语,指物的宾语是直接宾语。
合称“双宾语”5.宾语补足语,简称“宾补”。
有些及物动词,接了宾语之后,意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。
宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词等等都可以做宾补。
6.系动词,完整叫法“联系动词”,简称“系动词”、“系词”,是联系主语和表语的桥梁。
一般有be的各种形式和半系动词look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste(吃起来味道...)、feel(感觉)、seem(似乎)、get(变得)、turn(变得)、become(变得)等。
7.表语,就是系动词之后的部分,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定的、动名词、介词短语、句子等来充当。
8.英语中还有两个句子成分,叫定语和状语。
在五种句子结构中,它们不担任主要的结构作用,它们可以根据需要,出现在五种句子结构中的相应的位置上。
★★★请一定熟记上面的内容。
下面我们分别举例讲解五种句子结构以及其中的句子成分:1.主语+谓语。
(完整)初中英语句子成分及其五种基本结构
句子的成分1 句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。
表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
We study in No.1 Middle School.(讲述“谁”~)The classroom is very clean. (讲述“什么”很干净)Three were absent.(数词作主语)To teach them English is my job. (不定式作主语)注意不定式作主语时,常用形式主语it句型,因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English.(真正的主语是to teach them English.)2 谓语说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须用动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
His Parents are doctors. (系动词作谓语)She looks well.(系动词作谓语)We study hard.(实义动词作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和实义动词作谓语)3 表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
You look younger than before.(形容词作表语)I am a teacher.(名词作表语)Everybody is here.(副词作表语)They are at home now.(介词短语作表语)My job is to teach them English.(不定式作表语)4 ,宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,在谓语之后。
初中英语语法大全——句子成分和句子种类
初中英语语法大全——句子成分、句子种类和结构一.句子成分1. 句子成分概述组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。
句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语等。
主语和谓语是句子的必需部分。
宾语、表语和补足语是句子的必要部分。
其他成分,如定语和状语,是句子的辅助部分。
(1) 必需部分→主语和谓语句子必须有主语和谓语。
有些句子只含有主语和谓语。
eg: Birds sing. Birds+sing. 鸟儿在歌唱。
eg:The sun was shining=The sun + was shining. 太阳照耀着。
(2) 必要部分→宾语、表语和补足语有些谓语后面必须接宾语或者补足语才能构成完整的句子。
eg: I like(什么?)= I like music. 我喜欢音乐。
eg:The boy hit (什么?)=The boy hit the cat. 那个男孩打了那只猫。
(3) 辅助部分→修饰语句子不只是由主语、谓语、宾语、补足语等成分构成,还包括各种修饰语,来构成各种长句或意思丰富的句子。
eg: He became a writer(什么时候?) → He became a writer last year. 他去年成为了一位作家。
eg: There is a swimming pool(哪里?) →There is a swimming pool in the small town. 小镇上有个游泳池。
2. 主语主语是句中动作、行为、性质或状态的主体,是一个句子谈论的主题。
主语可以由名词、代词数词、不定式动名词(短语)、从句等来担任。
eg: A horse runs much faster than a cow.马比牛跑得快很多。
eg: We wish him success.我们祝愿他成功。
(3)谓语谓语用来说明主语的行为动作或所处的状态态。
谓语由动词充当,一般放在主语的后面。
谓语的中心词有人称、数和时态的变化。
初中英语句子成分讲解解析
初中英语句子成分讲解一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分,即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语,主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
二、详解●主语主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
它表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或名次化的形容词等充当。
1.名词:The car is running fast. Tom is a good boy.2.代词:We are students. This is my pen. Yours is on the desk.3.数词:One of my classmates is from Shanghai. Two and three is five.4.不定式(常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现,it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)To give is better than to receive =It is better to give than to receive.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.动名词:Smoking is harmful to the health.6.名词化的形容词:The rich should help the poor.补充:1. it做主语,有如下情况:1) 指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this? It’s a bus. (指代what)2) 指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人Who’s knocking the door? It’s me. (指代 who)Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代 who)3) 表示时间、天气、距离What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)How far is it? It’s about one kilometer away. (距离)2.THERE 引起的There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。
初中英语句子成分讲解解析
初中英语句子成分讲解一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分,即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语,主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
二、详解●主语主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
它表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或名次化的形容词等充当。
1.名词:The car is running fast. Tom is a good boy.2.代词:We are students. This is my pen. Yours is on the desk.3.数词:One of my classmates is from Shanghai. Two and three is five.4.不定式(常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现,it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)To give is better than to receive =It is better to give than to receive.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.动名词:Smoking is harmful to the health.6.名词化的形容词:The rich should help the poor.补充:1. it做主语,有如下情况:1) 指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this? It’s a bus. (指代what)2) 指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人Who’s knocking the door? It’s me. (指代 who)Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代 who)3) 表示时间、天气、距离What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)How far is it? It’s about one kilometer away. (距离)2.THERE 引起的There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。
初中英语句子成分及简单句结构
Betty likes her new bike.They usually go to school on foot. Two and two is four. To learn a foreign language is not easy. Playing basketball after school is great fun. That the earth runs around the sun is known to everyone. It is known to everyone that the earth runs around the sun. 包括及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词后要带宾语。
They work very hard. Tom is a student. Tom is handsome.We can speak English very well. They are playing over there. Tom bought a storybook last week. ----How many books do you want?----I want seven. He wanted to have a cup of tea. He enjoys playing basketball. Our teacher said that he would go there. Please show me you ticket. You are quite right. She will arrive on Monday. He came here in order to learn English. We are on holiday in London. If it rains tomorrow, weWhen she comes back, IThis is a green jeep. The building is their teaching-building. The woman doctor is his wife. Attention, please. I have something to tell you. The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. There is something wrong with my tape-recorder. Every student has an English book. --- is there anything serious?-no, nothing serious. There is something wrong with my legs. He has something important to do this afternoon. This is the book that I want to buy. The book on the desk is mine. The man standing under the tree is Mr. Guo. The book given to him is written in English. Her sister is a nurse. When she heard the news, she got angry. His cup is broken. m here. t I go to school? The reason is that I was ill. You may call me Charles or Mr. liu. We must keep our classroom clean. John asked me to help him. Keep the lights on while you are out. 。
初中英语句子结构和句子成分讲解
初中英语句子结构和句子成分讲解句子结构是指句子的组成方式。
英语句子通常由主语、谓语和宾语组成。
句子的结构可以分为简单句、复合句和并列句。
1.简单句:由一个主语和一个谓语组成,能够独立表达完整的意思。
例如:She sings.(她唱歌。
)2.复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成,使用连词连接。
例如:I will go to the store after I finish my homework.(完成作业后我将去商店。
)主句:I will go to the store.从句:after I finish my homework.3.并列句:由两个或多个主句组成,使用连词连接。
例如:I like to swim, and my brother likes to play basketball.(我喜欢游泳,我弟弟喜欢打篮球。
)主句1:I like to swim.主句2:my brother likes to play basketball.句子成分是句子中的各部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等。
1.主语:句子中执行动作的人或事物,可以是一个名词、代词或名词短语。
例如:Mary is a teacher.(玛丽是个老师。
)主语:Mary2.谓语:句子中描述主语动作或状态的部分,通常是一个动词。
例如:They are swimming.(他们在游泳。
)谓语:are swimming3.宾语:接在动词后面的部分,表明动作的对象。
例如:He eats an apple.(他吃一个苹果。
)宾语:an apple4.表语:在系动词后面,用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态。
例如:She is a student.(她是个学生。
表语:a student5.定语:用来修饰名词或代词,对其进行限定或说明。
例如:The blue car is mine.(蓝色的汽车是我的。
)定语:blue6.状语:用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示时间、地点、原因等情况。
初中英语句子成分分析与讲解
初中英语句子成分分析与讲解
英语句子由主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等成分组成。
下面是对各个成分的基本讲解:
1. 主语:句子中执行动作或者是动作的承受者。
它一般位于谓语的前面,回答“Who”或者“What”问题。
例如:Mary is a student.(Mary是主语)
2. 谓语:句子中表示动作、状态、行为的部分。
它通常由动词或者动词短语构成。
例如:He is running.(is running是谓语)
3. 宾语:句子中表示动作的承受者或者是动作的对象。
它一般位于动词的后面,回答“What”或者“Whom”问题。
例如:I have a dog.(a dog是宾语)
4. 定语:句子中修饰名词或者代词的成分。
它一般位于被修饰词的前面或者后面。
例如:The red car is mine.(red是定语)
5. 状语:句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词等的成分。
它可以回答“How”,“When”,“Where”等问题。
例如:She sings beautifully.(beautifully是状语)
除了以上基本成分,英语句子还可以包含其他成分,如补语、主语补足语、双宾语、复合宾语等。
在句子成分的分析中,关键是理解各个成分的功能和作用,从而更准确地理解句子的意思。
初中英语句子结构句子成分讲解
8) 方式状语从句 He did just as you told him.
常用的关联词有:as, as if, as though, how
9) 程度状语从句 So long as you need me, I’ll stay.
4) 表语(predicative) 用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。 由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。
He is a student.
除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词, 1)表感官的动词:
feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
状语从句
分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度
1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
常用的关联词有:so, so that, as far as, so long as
名词性从句 1) 主语从句 * What he said is not known. * That we shall be late is certain. * It is certain that we shall be late. * How strange it is that the children are so quiet!
主+ 谓
初中英语句子结构和句子成分解析
英语句子成分和句子结构一、英语各种成分的基本含义及用法(一)、主语主语是全句谈论的中心话题。
我们在说一句话的时候,首先要明确我们讲的是“哪个人”?或者是一件“什么事”?或者是一件“什么物体”,等。
这些代表“哪个人”、“什么事”、“什么物体”等的部分就是句子的主语。
主语是指句子的某个部分,它可能是一个词,也可能是一个词组,还有可能是一个从句,甚至一句话中会有几个并列的主语等等。
所以,英语中很多词类(或词组、从句)都可以做主语。
另外,英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”,例如:It .... that ...句式等。
1. Peter is a well-known pianist. (名词作主语)2. Two-thirds of the students are boys in our school. ( 数词词组作主语)3. He likes reading storybooks. (代词作主语)4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式短语作主语)5. What we shall do next is not yet decided. (从句作主语)6. It took us two hours to travel around the city by subway.(It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语)请指出下列句中主语的中心词。
1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom.2. There is a bird flying in the sky.3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help.(二)、谓语在明确了主语后,我们再来说谓语。
初中英语句子成分及其五种基本结构
句子的成分1 句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分.句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。
表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分.其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么"或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当.它在句首。
We study in No。
1 Middle School.(讲述“谁”~)The classroom is very clean. (讲述“什么”很干净)Three were absent。
(数词作主语)To teach them English is my job。
(不定式作主语)注意不定式作主语时,常用形式主语it句型,因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English.(真正的主语是to teach them English.)2 谓语说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么样"。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须用动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面. His Parents are doctors. (系动词作谓语)She looks well。
(系动词作谓语)We study hard.(实义动词作谓语)He can speak English。
(情态动词和实义动词作谓语)3 表语表语说明主语“是什么"或者“怎么样",由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
You look younger than before。
(形容词作表语)I am a teacher。
(名词作表语)Everybody is here.(副词作表语)They are at home now.(介词短语作表语)My job is to teach them English.(不定式作表语)4 ,宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,在谓语之后。
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1nothing , anything , everything , something
I tell him something interesting .
2
10 The students in the room are in Class Nine.
�
Oc --- object complement
1) subject ,,, ,
I like football. The boy needs a pen. 2) predicate
The train leaves at 6 o'clock.
I want a ticket.
3) object
7) Though I'm fond of music,I can't play any instrument.
though, although, even if, even though,
8) He did just as you told him.
as, as if, as though, how
+
2. Trees are green.
+ +
3. We don't beat children.
ister the piano.
+ + +
5. I found the book<easy.>
+ + +
Practice
Nobody went.
He knocked at the door; there was no answer. You're alive! And she's dead.
.
He said that he didn't like her. A plane is a machine that can fly.
1) Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever
2) Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
where, wherever, anywhere
vt.prep. n.n.vt.prep.
He won the game.
On the desk
Tome lost his life in the big fire.
4) predicative n.adj.
He is a student.
be 1):
feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem
9) So long as you need me, I'll stay.
so, so that, as far as, so long as
1) * What he said is not known. * That we shall be late is certain. * It is certain that we shall be late. * How strange it is that the children are so quiet!
5) I'll show you so you will see how it's done.
so, so that, in order that
6)
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
if, unless, in case that, on condition that...
Grammar
sentences
subject group predicate group
� � � � �
Members of sentence:
S --- subject
�
P --- predicative
O --- object
�
Attri.---attribute
�
Adv.--- adverb
2) : become, get, grow, turn, go, 3) remain, keep, stay
5) objective complement n. /adj. / / / They made him< king.> I consider the book< too expensive>. 6) attributive `......',
3)
As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman
because, as, since
4) I was in the bath so that I didn't hear the telephone.
so, so ...that, such... that
+
She became a doctor.
+ +
The car caught fire.
+ +
I will write you a long letter.
+ + +
I will let him<go.>
+ + +
.
This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. It's not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed.
7) adverbial
adj. /v. /adv., oftenalmost be
I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .
)
.
1. Things changed.
2
* That is what he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her? * The reason is that he has lied to me several times.