(完整)初二初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
雨璐外语学校语法班---句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautifulnurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
(完整)初二初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
(完整)初⼆初中英语句⼦成分讲解_练习及答案句⼦成分及基本句型⼀、考点、热点回顾【句⼦的成分】在英⽂中句⼦成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补⾜语等。
(⼀)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表⽰所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
⼀般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句⾸。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(⼆)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在⼈称和数两⽅⾯必须⼀致。
它在主语后⾯。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语⼀起作谓语)We study hard. (⾏为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和⾏为动词⼀起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、⾏为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词⼀起说明主语做什么。
⼀般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听⾳乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucyisabeautifulnurse.(名词作主语)(2)Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.(代词作主语)(3)Smokingisharmfultothehealth.(动名词作主语)(4)ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)Whatweshoulddoisnotyetdecided.(主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:Hisparentsareteachers.(系动词和表语一起作谓语)Westudyhard.(行为动词作谓语)Wedon’tfinishreadingthebook.(助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)HecanspeakEnglish.(情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
Sheisdoingherhomeworknow.(名词作宾语)Shesays(that)sheisill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)Weoftenhelphim.(代词作宾语)Helikestoplaybasketball.(不定式作宾语)Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案句子成分是指句子中各个部分的语法作用和关系。
英语句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
下面是一些初中英语句子成分的练习及答案。
练习一:1. The cat chased the mouse.2. My sister is a doctor.3. The boy with the red hat is my friend.4. She sings beautifully.5. The teacher gave us a lot of homework.请判断每个句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The cat;谓语:chased;宾语:the mouse。
2. 主语:My sister;谓语:is;宾语:a doctor。
3. 主语:The boy;谓语:is;定语:with the red hat;宾语:my friend。
4. 主语:She;谓语:sings;状语:beautifully。
5. 主语:The teacher;谓语:gave;宾语:us;定语:a lot of;宾语补足语:homework。
练习二:1. The tall man in the blue shirt is my father.2. The dog barked loudly at the mailman.3. My mother cooked a delicious dinner for us.4. The students are studying hard for the exam.5. The sun sets in the west.请在每个句子中找出主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
答案:1. 主语:The tall man in the blue shirt;谓语:is;宾语:my father。
2. 主语:The dog;谓语:barked;状语:loudly;宾语:at the mailman。
(完整word版)初二初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案.doc
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主、、(直接、接)、表、定和状、足等。
(一)主:主是述的象,表示所的“是什么” 或“是”。
一般由名、代、不定式或相当于名的或短来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1) Lucy is a beautiful nurse.(名作主)(2) He reads newspapers every day. (代作主)(3) Smoking is harmful to the health. (名作主)(4) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式作主)(5) What we should do is not yet decided. (主从句作主)(二)明主“做什么” “是什么”或“怎么” 。
(部分里主要的)必是。
和主在人称和数两方面必一致。
它在主后面。
如: His parents are teachers.(系和表一起作)We study hard.(行作)We don’tfinish reading the book.(助和行一起作)He can speak English.(情和行一起作)(三)是作、行的象,由名、代、不定式或相当于名的、短来担任,它和及物一起明主做什么。
一般放在之后。
She is doing her homework now. (名作)She says( that) she is ill. (从句作)We often help him. (代作)He likes to play basketball. (不定式作)We enjoy listening to the music.我喜听音。
(名短作)明 1:是及物涉及到的人或物,一般放在及物之后。
介后面的名或代或名,称介。
名、代、数常在句中做或介。
另外,不定式可作;名和从句也可用作。
明 2:及物作,后面要跟。
分直接和接。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
初中英语的句子成分及基本句型讲解 练习 答案
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初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east、(名词) He likes dancing、(代词)Twenty years is a short time in history、 (数词)Seeing is believing、(动名词) To see is to believe、(不定式)What he needs is a book、(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree、(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English、 He is asleep、宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
英语句子成分划分详解(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
初中英语句子成分讲解 练习及答案
句子成分及根本句型一、考点.热门回想【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包含:主语.谓语.宾语(直接宾语.间接宾语).表语.定语和状语.宾语补足语等. (一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,暗示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”.一般由名词.代词.不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当.它在句首.如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语解释主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”.谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致.它在主语后面.如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一路作谓语)We study hard. (行动动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行动动词一路作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行动动词一路作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作.行动的对象,由名词.代词.不定式或相当于名词的词.短语来担任,它和及物动词一路解释主语做什么.一般放在谓语之后.She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们爱好听音乐.(动名词短语作宾语)解释1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后.介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语.名词.代词.数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语.别的,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语.解释2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语.宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象间接宾语平日是及物动词的动作所及的人之前.不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语.有的动词可以跟.如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy 等.如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.(2)The sun gives us light.间接宾语假如放在直接宾语之后,间接宾语前加“to”的有:give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse (谢绝)等.间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(敕令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我.)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面填补解释宾语的动作.状况.特点的成分,称为宾语补足语.名词.形容词.副词.介词短语以及动词不定式.分词等可用作宾语补足语.宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语.如:They make her happy.(形容词)I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语解释主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词.形容词.副词.介词.不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任.它的地位在系动词后面.如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(形容词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(形容词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)表转变(get, become, turn)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词, careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来润饰名词或代词的.形容词.代词.数词.名词.介词短语.不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等. 单个词作定语时,平日放在它所润饰的名词之前.如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)解释1:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面.如:I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)解释2,也放在被润饰的名词之后.如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语.)(七)状语润饰动词.形容词.副词.一般暗示行动产生的时光.地点.目标.方法.程度等意义,一般由副词.介词短语.不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来暗示.状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首.句中.如:He did it carefully.(副词)We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时光状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简略句的五种根本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来.The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了.rise和stop都是不及物动词,是以后边不必加宾语.B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,暗示觉得……)It gets dark.天黑了.(get为系动词,暗示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了.(look为系动词,暗示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语.间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼品.Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服.E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary.We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室清洁而整洁. He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑.二、典范例题写出划线部分的句子成分.1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul.12. We always go to school early.三、课后演习(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words do you learn ?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all become interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She is the first to learn about it.A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She find it difficult to do the work.A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Does he leave any message for me?典范例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分.1. 主,谓,宾,状2. 定,状3. 表4. 谓,宾,状5. 定,定6. 谓,状7. 谓,宾,状8. 谓,状9. 表10. 表11. 定,表12. 状,状课后演习(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A (八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语10。
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
初中英语句子成分及基本句型复习考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(word完整版)初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型英语句子成分歌英语句子八呀八大块,主谓宾表真呀真实在;补语跟着宾语表语跑,定语同位(语)专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在,忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少,前后乱窜它还会加塞。
(RAP)【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语、同位语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初二初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案优选稿
初二初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案内部编号:(YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128)句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语的句子成分及基本句型讲解-练习-答案
初中英语的句子成分及基本句型讲解-练习-答案句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解练习及答案
腾训学校语法班 ---句子成分及根本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语〔直接宾语、间接宾语〕、表语、定语与状语、宾语补足语等。
〔一〕主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么〞或“是谁〞。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:〔1〕Lucy is a beautiful nurse. 〔名词作主语〕〔2〕He reads newspapers every day. 〔代词作主语〕〔3〕Smoking is harmful to the health. 〔动名词作主语〕〔4〕To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.〔不定式作主语〕〔5〕What we should do is not yet decided. 〔主语从句作主语〕〔二〕谓语说明主语“做什么〞“是什么〞或“怎么样〞。
谓语〔谓语局部里主要的词〕。
谓语与主语在人称与数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. 〔系动词与表语一起作谓语〕We study hard. 〔行为动词作谓语〕We don’t finish reading the book. 〔助动词与行为动词一起作谓语〕He can speak English. 〔情态动词与行为动词一起作谓语〕〔三〕宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它与及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.〔名词作宾语〕She says〔that〕she is ill.〔宾语从句作动词宾语〕We often help him.〔代词作宾语〕He likes to play basketball.〔不定式作宾语〕We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
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句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。
名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。
另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。
说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。
宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。
直接宾语是及物动词的。
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。
有的动词可以跟。
如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy 等。
如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.(2)The sun gives us light.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后,在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词间接宾语前加“to”的有:give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。
间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我。
)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。
名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。
宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
如:They make her happy.(形容词)I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(形容词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(形容词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)表改变(get,become,turn)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词,careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)说明1:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。
如:I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)说明2作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。
)(七)状语修饰动词、形容词、副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。
状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。
如:He did it carefully.(副词)We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来。
The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了。
rise和stop都是不及物动词,因此后边不必加宾语。
B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,表示感到……)It gets dark.天黑了。
(get为系动词,表示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。
(look为系动词,表示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物。
Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服。
E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary。
We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。
He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑。
二、典型例题写出划线部分的句子成分。
1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Childre n’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul.12. We always go to school early.三、课后练习(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④How many new words do you learn ?A B C D⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D②Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④Soon They all become interested in the subject.A B C D⑤She is the first to learn about it.A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D②He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③She find it difficult to do the work.A B C D④They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分。