1#竣工验收报告WPS文字 文档
最新人教版高中英语选择性必修三课件Unit 1语法精析课
3. Learn and master the functions of Infinitive. 标
4. Learn and use Infinitive fluently in writing.
语法精讲透析
动词不定式作表语和定语 体验•悟 朗读下列句子, 体会动词不定式的用法 ①Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. ②During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. ③The best way to do business is to build trust between you and your client. ④When you are faced with a serious decision, my suggestion is to listen to your own inner voice. ⑤The mother believes her duty is to raise her son to become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart. ⑥All he wanted after a tiring day was to be left alone.
二、动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语时应放在被修饰词的后面。 1. 动词不定式作定语的几种情况: (1)动词不定式作定语可表将来的还没发生的动作。 ※There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. 在我们准备长时间待在月球上之前, 还有许多要处理的问题。
高级英语Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
conflict/struggle:
•
people --- people
people --- nature
people --- society
people --- themselves
protagonist (hero) --- antagonist (enemy)
John Koshak, Jr.--- the hurricane
• apartment building in Mississippi before and after Camille
What’s the type of the text?
• narration (the telling of a story)
• characters (people): --Pop Koshak --Grandma Koshak --John Koshak --Janis Koshak --Seven children --Charles, a friend --neighbors --pets
What is the story about?
• It describes the heroic struggle of the Koshaks and their friends against the forces of a devastating hurricane Camille.
• What does the writer focus chiefly on---developing character, action (plot), or idea (theme)?
• To learn how the writer gives a vivid description of actions in terms of lexical, sentential and textual level;
新目标大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案
Unit 1 College LifeText ALanguage in Use4.1) overlooking 2) overwhelming 3) enroll 4) keen 5) blend6) inspiration 7) frequented 8) diversity 9) passion10) incredible5.1) The Sept. 4 game between the Seahawks and the Packers kicked off this year’s football season.2) A big part of a woman’s diet should consist of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, high-fiber foods, and oily fish.3) Eleanor Roosevelt, who was a shy young girl, was terrified at the thought of speaking in public.4) Senior citizens, military veterans and businessmen make up the group of people requesting for government information in the United States.5) The schedule will make you aware of how you spend your time.6.reach a decision (达成决定) shape one’s life (塑造生活)analyze a problem (分析问题) approvea decision (通过决定)improve one’s life (改善生活) solve a problem (解决问题)1) making 2) reach 3) changed 4) shape5) enjoy 6) solve 7) analyze 8) encounter7.1) dishonest 2) illegal 3) substandard 4) irregular 5) unlock 6) incorrect 7) outnumber 8) supermarket 9) Undergraduate 10) overestimate8.1) 学习小组合作学习对应对哈佛繁重的学习任务起着重要的作用。
一如既往一的意思
一如既往一的意思“一如既往”这个词里的“一”,意思是“完全”“始终”“一直”的意思呀。
就是说某种状态、行为或者情况从过去到现在一直保持着,没有发生改变,就像一条直线似的,直直地延续下来啦。
衍生注释:“一”在这里作为副词,起到了强调的作用,强调了那种从头到尾的连贯性和一致性。
它不是指单纯的数字一哦,而是带有一种始终如一、不间断的意味。
比如说“一如既往地努力”,就是说从始至终都保持着努力的状态,没有松懈过呢。
在很多类似的词语里,“一”都有这种表示持续、连贯的意思呢。
像“一以贯之”,也是说用一种思想、原则等贯穿始终呀,这个“一”同样是强调从头到尾不变的那个劲儿。
赏析:“一如既往”这个词因为有了这个“一”,才让整个词充满了一种坚定和执着的感觉呢。
它能很形象地表达出一个人或者一件事在时间的长河里,始终保持着某种特质或者做法,给人一种靠谱、稳定的印象。
就好比一棵大树,不管风吹雨打,始终“一如既往”地扎根在那里,稳稳当当的,让人看着就觉得安心呀。
这种始终如一的感觉,在生活中可是很珍贵的呢,无论是对待友情、爱情还是工作等方面,能做到一如既往,那可都是值得点赞的哟。
作者介绍:“一如既往”其实是个常用的成语啦,它并不是某一个特定作者单独创作出来的哦。
它是在咱们汉语的长期发展过程中,经过人们不断地使用和沉淀,逐渐形成的一个固定的表达方式,用来准确地传达那种始终保持不变的意思呢。
以下是五个运用片段:例子1:我和我那好哥们儿的友情呀,那可真是一如既往地深厚呢。
从小学认识到现在,都多少年啦,我俩还是跟以前一样铁。
每次我有啥烦心事,第一个想到的就是找他倾诉。
就说上次我在工作上出了点岔子,心里别提多郁闷啦。
我给他打电话,他一听就说:“嘿,怕啥呀,兄弟我在呢!”然后就跑来陪我,给我出主意,就跟小时候我被欺负了他来帮我出头一样。
咱这感情,就像那老房子的地基,稳稳当当的,不管过了多久,都是一如既往的好呀,你说是不是很难得?例子2:我奶奶对我那可真是一如既往地疼爱呀。
1的数学符号
1的数学符号
在数学中,“1”通常可以用阿拉伯数字表示,也可以用罗马数字“Ⅰ”表示。
同时,在某些特定的数学领域或公式中,可能会用到其他的符号或表示方式,例如在概率论中可以用字母“p”表示概率等于1的情况。
因此,具体的数学符号还需要根据不同的数学领域和公式进行判断和选择。
在数学中,数字1它有多个释义,以下为其中几个常见的含义:
1. 在集合论中,1表示所有非空有限集合的个数,即第一可数序集的势。
2. 在数学逻辑中,1表示逻辑真值“真”,即所有命题的真实性。
3. 在代数中,1表示乘法单位元,任何数乘以1都等于其本身。
4. 在几何学中,1表示长度、距离等度量单位的基准值。
5. 在概率论中,1表示必然事件发生的概率,即概率为1的事件。
需要注意的是,具体的数学符号还需要根据不同的数学领域和公式进行判断和选择。
因此,对于数字1的数学符号,需要结合具体上下文来理解其含义。
新起点大学英语Unit1-Text A
Exercises
汉译英: 今晚的作业我打算先做英语练习。
Key: Of all the homework tonight, I’m going to start with English exercises.
Reading
BACK
… if you read a daily newspaper in any major city, you’ve read the equivalent of at least four books… 如果你每天看随便哪个大城市的一 份日报,那么你每天的阅读量至少相当于四本书。
Reading
BACK
译文
Para. 4
4 你是怎么看报纸的?你只看那些自己感兴趣的东西。你 是怎么知道的?因为报纸有不同的版面,如果你对体育感兴 趣,你只看体育版;如果你想了解商业信息,你只看商业版。 即使这样,你也不会看所有的体育报道或商务文章。报纸的 标题突出了文章的要点,这就方便了你的选择。另外,报纸 的写作格式也使你很容易了解要点。在每一个标题下面,你 通常都会看到综述要点的一段文字。这样,你便可以选择只 读综述或通读全文。
Chinese
Reading
4 And how do you read a newspaper? You read only those things you are interested in. And how do you know? Because newspapers are divided into sections, you only read the sports pages if you’re
3 If you answered the first question no, and the second yes, think again, if you read a daily newspaper in any major city, you’ve read the equivalent of at least four books.
SCH英寸对照表(1)
表示英制管壁厚系列:Sch.20----全称:Schedule 20Sch.10s--带s的系列为不锈钢专用,碳钢不用。举个例子:2" sch.10s 表示2”接管的壁厚为2.9mm,材质为不锈钢;2" sch.40 表示2”接管的壁厚为4.0mm。顺便再说一下钢管壁厚的表示方法: 钢管壁厚表示方法有管子表号、钢管壁厚尺寸和管子重量三种方法 1)是以管子表号"Sch"表示壁 厚。 管子表号是管子设计压力与设计温度下材料许用应力的比值乘以1000,并经圆整后的数值。 即: Sch=P/[σ]t×1000 ANSI B36.10壁厚等级:Sch10、Sch20、Sch30、 Sch40、Sch60、Sch80、个等级; ANSI B36.19壁厚等级:Sch5s、Sch10s、Sch40s、Sch80s四个等级; 2)以钢管壁厚尺寸表示 中 国、ISO、日本部分钢管标准采用 3)是以管子重量表示管壁厚度,它将管子壁厚分为三种: a.标准重量管,以STD表示 b加厚管,以XS表示 c.特厚管,以XXS表示。 对于DN≤ 250mn的管子,Sch40相当于STD,DN<200mm的管子,Sch80相当于XS。
NOMINAL PIPE SIZE A B 15 1/2" 20 3/4" 25 1" 32 1.1/4" 40 1.1/2" 50 2" 65 2.1/2" 80 3" 90 3.1/2" 100 4" 125 5" 150 6" 200 8" 250 10" 300 12" 350 14" 400 16" 450 18" 500 20" 550 22" 600 24" 650 26" 700 28" 750 30" 800 32" 850 34" 900 36" 950 38" 1000 40" 1050 42" 1100 44" 1150 46" 1200 48"
一的教案幼儿园
一的教案幼儿园教学目标通过学习本课内容,幼儿应该能够:1.认识数字1;2.能够正确书写数字1;3.了解数字1的基本概念,如1只能用来表示一件事物等。
教学内容知识点1:认识数字1数字1是最基本的数字之一,它代表着具体的一种事物或数量。
在幼儿学习数字的过程中,数字1是最先学习的数字之一。
知识点2:正确书写数字1书写数字1的基本方法是:1.先画一条竖线;2.然后在竖线的上方横着画一条线,这条线可以稍微短一点;3.如果需要书写大写字母“一”,可以在竖线的上面再横着加一条相同长度的线。
知识点3:了解数字1的基本概念数字1只能用来表示一个事物或数量,不能用来表示多个事物或数量。
例如,“我有1个苹果”就是正确的说法,“我有1个苹果S”则是错误的说法。
教学方法方法1:游戏教学法设计一些简单的游戏帮助幼儿们学习数字1的概念。
比如,在幼儿园内摆放一些相同的物品,让幼儿选出只有1个的物品,并用数字1标记。
方法2:互动教学法老师在黑板上写下一些数字1相关的问题,让幼儿们一起思考并回答。
可以让更有自信的幼儿上前回答问题,让整个教学过程更加生动活泼。
方法3:故事教学法编写一些有趣的故事,让故事中的主人公使用数字1。
例如,“小红去菜市场买了1个苹果,1个橘子和1个香蕉,她很开心地回家了”。
教学效果评价通过幼儿们在教学过程中的表现和课后测试的结果来对教学效果进行评价。
例如,通过测试了解幼儿对数字1的认识程度和能否正确书写数字1等。
总结数字是孩子们生活中必须学习的内容,掌握数字1对孩子们的数字学习起到了重要的开端作用,也是幼儿们日后数字计算学习的基础。
因此,以互动教学法为主,创造出生动有趣的教学场景,让幼儿把数字学习看成是一种游戏,既能让幼儿学习数字知识,又能培养幼儿们的自信心和学习兴趣。
新华字典一的解释
新华字典一的解释一、“一”的读音“一”这个字啊,就一个读音,yī,很简单对吧。
不过在一些特殊的情况下呢,它会变调哦。
比如说在“一个”“一只”里读yí,在“一去二三里”的“一”读yì,这就很有趣啦。
二、“一”的出处“一”可是个很古老的字呢。
它在甲骨文里就有啦,那时候就表示一个简单的数字概念,就是最小的正整数。
可以说从咱们老祖宗开始计数的时候,这个“一”就诞生啦。
三、“一”的解释1. 作为数词它表示最小的正整数,像“一本书”“一个人”,这是我们最常见的用法啦。
它可以用来计数,告诉我们事物的数量是单个的。
在表示顺序的时候也用“一”,比如“第一名”“第一个”,这里的“一”就表示排在最前面的,是首要的位置呢。
2. 作为形容词有“全、满”的意思,像“一身是汗”,就是说全身都是汗,这个“一”把整个身体都涵盖进去了。
还有“一心一意”,就是说心思全部都集中在一个地方,没有二心。
3. 作为副词有“一旦、一经”的意思,比如“一失足成千古恨”,这里的“一”就是一旦的意思,表示只要发生了失足这个情况,就会造成千古恨这么严重的后果。
四、“一”的近义词“一”的近义词还真不太好找呢,但从数字的角度来说,“单”可以算是它的近义词吧,像“单身”也可以理解为一个人,“单一”就是只有一个。
五、“一”的反义词从数字的角度看,“多”是“一”的反义词。
“一个”和“多个”就是相反的概念嘛。
六、“一”的造句1. 我有一支笔,这支笔很漂亮。
2. 他是一个很善良的人,经常帮助别人。
3. 一旦下雨,地面就会湿滑。
4. 妈妈一心一意地照顾着生病的我。
5. 他一身疲惫地回到了家,看来今天工作很辛苦。
6. 这个小镇只有一条街,街上有一家小商店。
7. 她一唱歌就会吸引很多人来听。
8. 我一看到那只小狗就喜欢上它了。
9. 小明一学习起来就特别认真。
10. 月亮一出来,整个世界都变得很宁静。
11. 老师一走进教室,同学们就安静下来了。
12. 我一到冬天就特别想吃火锅。
高一英语外研版必修一Unit 1 A New Start
Application
Lisa is a .... She told us some important high school hints. First, ... Besides, ... What's more, ... At last, ... What I have learned from her is that ...
Her attitude matters!
Application
Read the text again and retell what Lisa has shared in the interview following the outline below. 1. Introduce who Lisa is. 2. Summarize her suggestions. 3. Tell what you can learn from her.
take a trip with your classmates read as many books as possible
win an award
get to know all the schoolmates in
stand on stage at least once your grade
Presentation
Suppose you are Chairman of the Student Union. Please give a
speech to the new students on their first day at high school. 2. Organise your speech following the steps below. Talk about the problems and give your advice. Tips: You may face many problems in senior high. Firstly,...Secondly,... To solve the problems, I have some suggestions for you. To begin with,...Besides,...
1+1等于几脑筋急转弯的答案是什么
1+1等于几脑筋急转弯的答案是什么脑筋急转弯是一种人为创作的以问答形式出现的极具娱乐性的语言游戏,以其幽默的表现方式,受到大众的广泛欢迎。
1+1等于几脑筋急转弯答案是什么呢?下面店铺整理的超级有趣脑筋急转弯,希望对大家喜欢。
脑筋急转弯: 1+1等于几脑筋急转弯答案:1+1=田(两边的竖、加号十、还有等于号和起来是田)1+1=王(两个一和加号一起加起来是王)1+1=无(一个,又夹走了一个,没了)1+1=丰/卅(中间的加号边长,竖着看是卅,旋转90度就是丰) 超级有趣脑筋急转弯【经典篇】1.女人最不喜欢什么花?——答:没钱花2.小明把自己关在漆黑的房间里,不厌其烦的晾晒自己心爱的宝贝,问小明在干吗?——答:晾晒自己心爱的宝贝3.谁最不喜欢书?——答:赌徒4.什么东西最能让人满足?——答:袜子5.为什么男人总骂女人是祸水最后还是娶女人?——答:没听说过因祸得福么6.什么时候一加五等于十?——答:算盘运算的时候7.什么东西越用越有钱?——答:存钱罐8.世界上谁的头力气最大?——答:男子汉9.神的交通工具是什么?——答:宝贝10.明明一天没有吃东西,为什么我不觉得饿呢?——答:因为我不是“明明”11.什么动物天天熬夜?——答:熊猫12.有一只猪它走啊走啊走到了英国结果它变成了什么?——答:pig13.减肥绝招 (打一神话人物)——答:嫦娥14.传说中第一个嗑药嗑得飘飘欲仙被监禁的人是谁?——答:嫦娥15.为什么结婚之后的生活像潜水?——答:结婚后要忍气吞声了16.那种生活方式容易致癌?——答:宅17.有一艘船限载50人,已载49人,后来又有一孕妇上船,结果船仍沉入了水中,为什么?——答:是艘潜水艇18.一间牢房中关着两个犯人,其中一个因偷窃要关一年,另一个是抢劫杀人犯,却只关两个月,为什么?——答:再过两个月杀人犯就要被枪决了19.一般来说,你是用左手写字还是用右手写字?——答:一般来说是用笔来写字的20.什么东西生的可以吃,熟的可以吃,用刀切不开,洗过之后就没人吃?——答:水!!超级有趣脑筋急转弯【精选篇】1.脸上长什么无药可救?——答:胡子2.小明喜欢运动,有一天他在摄氏38高温大太阳下做很激烈的运动,为什么也居然不会流汗?——答:他在水里游泳3.最多人看不清楚的花是甚麽花呢?——答:眼花4.一个夜黑风高的夜晚,小明遇见一个鬼,为什么那个鬼落荒而逃?——答:因为那是个胆小鬼5.什么东西明明是你的,别人却用的比你多得多?——答:名字6.小明有很厉害的胃病,可他每天总往牙科跑,这是为什么?——答:小明是牙科医生7.一只皮球和一只铁球从高楼上掉下来,谁先落地?——答:铁球8.一只狗总也不洗澡,为什么不生虱子?——答:狗只会生小狗9.后脑勺受伤的人怎样睡觉?——答:闭着眼睛睡觉10.小明在大雨倾盆的旷野中奔跑了十分钟,为什么衣服湿了头发却没湿?——答:小明是个秃头的男人11.世界上有那一种花通常夏天是冰冷的,冬天是温热的?——答:豆腐花12.红螃蟹好吃还是黑螃蟹好吃?——答:红螃蟹,因为黑螃蟹没熟超级有趣脑筋急转弯【精简篇】1. 当今社会,个体户大都靠什么吃饭?【答案:靠嘴巴】2. 纸上写着某一份命令。
商务英语综合教程1课后翻译
Unit one2. (1)Fiat launched a tiny “city car” especially for Europe’s narrow, crowed streets.(2) The rain forest theme products tap into consumer’s interest in the environment.(3) The company might target its efforts on preferred locations like India or Thailand(4) A strong president would further erode the power of the Congress.(5) Most of the measures will be phased out next year.(6) Government securities have traditionally yielded less than stocks.3.(1) on December 8th,2009, president Barack Obama launched a set of proposals to address unemployment and made it clear that he wanted to tap into some of the unspent funds( money set aside to support filing banks) to help pay for them. No precise figure was given. Some 50$ billion will be spent on infrastructure projects. But the effort represents a broad push to support small business.(2) America’s recent recession has hit small business hard. The very small, with fewer than 50 workers---employing almost one-third of working Americans ---have suffered around 45% of the job losses of the downturn.(3) Unfortunately, helping small business has not proved easy. The stimulus package passed last spring offered tax benefits and targeted the flow of credit to small business. The results were disappointing. The main problem with small business is lending. Obama’s recent plan is likely to scratch the surface if he does not tackle credit crunch.Unit two2. (1) Death does not discriminate. It eventually comes to everyone, making no exception for those more or less fortune, or those with good or bad fame.(2) T he 2008 presidential election of American is under the world’s spotlight because of the participation of female and African American candidates for the first time. Though the final outcome is still hard to anticipate, the election itself is changing not only the way American perceive themselves, but also how the rest of the world perceives America.(3) No matter what background or experience he may have, nobody should recoil from pursuing his own dream. Because we are convinced that freedom, equity and the pursuit of happiness are our rights.(4) More and more Chinese brands aspire to go global. This clearly conveys a message: the quality, design and management expertise of Chinese brands are constantly improving.3. V ariety is the spice of life. So, since a man shaves about 20,000 times in a lifetime, the desire for adventure may be the only thing that can drive away boredom. Instead of growing a “glamorous”beard, current styles leave a lot of room for hair experiments. The classic facial hair fashion is designer stubble or “three-day-growth”. The skin can still be seen under the short stubble, lending a manly appearance with relatively little care and expense. The key is to look grooming, not scruffy. However, it does not always make a good impression if you are in daily contact with customers. In contrast, the somewhat more conventional beard style can always win points.Unit three3. (1) Our car wound its way through the mountain. Beautiful scenery was everywhere to be seen on the road; we couldn’t help but be impressed.(2) After elaborate arrangements, Beijing Olympic opening ceremony unfolded s visual banquet to the world.(3) The annual environment conservation campaigns aim to restore the delicate balance between man and nature.(4) The article gives us a real sight into the cause of present food crisis.(5) The moment Wenchuan earthquake was reported, the Red Cross was flooded with calls about donations.(6) The ancient architectures and the modern ones complement each other, adding a special charm to the city.4. The middle class increasingly forgoes bicycles--- the environmentally friendly and energy efficient transport--- in favor of the car. Some four million bikes now compete for road space with more than two million cars. A quick glance at the newly constructed overpasses and ring road has clearly shows which means of transport has been getting priority. Fewer and fewer people are riding bikes because of the inconvenience and the increased dangers that cars bring to the road. However, the improvement in the state economy, the traffic situation and city management does not mean that we should say a final and complete farewell to the bicycle. Some people will still choose this non-polluting, small and green transport tool.Unit four3. (1) “These days I often recall the tough times before, thus I can be cool-headed inthe face of success,” said the founder and CEO of the company.(2)The primary issue in the current situation is to keep the prices steady; otherwise if the market panics, the consequence is beyond imagination.(3) To launch this service in the region will pay off in the long run, though the initial investment is big.(4) To make maximal profits with minimal cost has long been the objective for some companies. Now environment factors make them to rethink about it.(5) The public want to see issues like narrowing the gap between rich and poor and tackling urban housing problems prioritized by the government.(6) Home work burdens greatly restrict children’s opportunities for playing, and do harm to their development.(7) Sex set Hillary apart from all the other candidates for presidency and won her support of many female voters.4. The boom in consumer spending, now in its 12th year, has weathered many shocks that have hit the Us economy, including terrorist attacks, the 2001 recession, and a series of corporate scandals. Resilient household demand has not only sustained domestic growth but has also played a key role in supporting the global economy. Some observers, however, have viewed the surge in consumer spending with apprehension. The personal saving rate has fallen to historic lows, and consumer debt levels have risen. This has led to concern that the rise in private consumption may not be sustainable and that a subsequent weakening could throw the recovery off track. So are US consumers living beyond their means?Unit five2. (1) his speech instilled enthusiasm and confidence into the audience.(2) Intent on her work, Helen ignored the noise outside the room and did not turn to see who was coming in(3) He contended that the main issue was not being addressed.(4) Intimidated, the witness kept his mouth shut for seven years. But now he feels he could no longer turn his eyes away from facts.(5) Mother Theresa remained a woman of great humanity despite all the attention and praise for her work.(6) I wouldn’t underestimate the obstacle if I were you---the situation is more frustrating than you think.3. The Chinese want to do business with individuals---not companies--- socultivating friendships is crucial. Rather than cutting to the chase, the Chinese prefer a courtship filled with get-to-know-you banter and big banquets full of mysterious delicacies. Thus, like other Americans, Deane had to rein in his “get the deal done and move on to the next one” philosophy. And nearly every time he visits his manufacturers in Foshan, they insist on taking him on long drives in the countryside, often recovering ground he’s admired on previous trips. “they want to spend time with you,”Deane explains. “they want to get to know you”.Saxon also says that the Chinese take a long-term view and aren’t risk-takers. The society is less individualistic than America’s, So the Chinese aren’t big on confrontation. He highlights the Chinese belief in the “middle way”, a form of compromise, which means they may insist on working out an agreement rather than taking no for an answer. For an American, this translated into fostering respect, including stifling open criticism.Unit six2(1) Today’s society is full of theories which claim to be authoritative but turn out to be self-contradictory. Instead of being repeatedly tempted to believing them, I would rather keep a sober mind, think independently, and then make my own judgment. (2) Because of his profound insight into the shock of cultural diversity on human mind, he was nominated as candidate for this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. No matter he is going to win the prize or not, he is already held in high esteem in his home country, and meanwhile plays an important role in the protection of intangible cultural heritage around the world.(3) After long time research, economists discovered that the financial institutes in this country bear a strong relationship with the government. The latter turns out to be the biggest buyer of the country’s financial products.(4) Courtesy is the essence of Chinese food culture. It is estimated that Chinese spend twice or more time on a formal dinner than Europeans.3. One of the greatest things about travelling around the world is all of the wonderful food you get to try. Watch yourself when you start to reach for that food, though, or you just might offend someone. When it comes to table manners, what works in one country doesn’t always go over in another.The United States has its own special dining customs that visitors should know about before sitting down to a meal. For example, when food starts to arrive, you can’t just dig in. it’s considered rude to start eating before everyone at the table hasreceived his or her meal.Once you start to chew down, it’s important to remember to keep yo ur elbows off the table and keep your mouth closed as you chew. One last tip for American dining is never to pick up you bowl or plate as you eat. This is considered rude beyond all belief.If you think Americans are picky about the table manners, think about Taiwan’s (china) customs. The list of rules is equally long. Y ou cannot stick chopsticks upright in your bowl of rice. Furthermore, you should never gesture with your chopsticks. For some visitors, using chopsticks is challenging enough without the rules of what you can and can’t do with themUnit 72.(1)it’s five years since she was lost but she still haunts his dr eams(2).Science empowers man to control natural forces more effectively .(3).Those students implicated in the cheating have been severely punished.(4).The environment is different between the university and the middle school, but the freshmen have adapted themselves to new conditions very soon.(5).The more he thought about it, the more confused he became.3. Recent study shows that the number of courses on ethics in the top 50 business schools have quintupled in the past 20 years . However, only half of these schools take ethic education as one of the requirements for graduation.The incident of group cheating at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business in the US has aroused intense concern among students. Those who were expelled in this case all come from Asia. They have been in the US for less than a year and have little knowledge about the honor code of universities or the judicial procedures in the US. These Asian students admitted the fault but did not lodge a protest, which is also attributed to their cultural backgrounds. According to the experts, foreign students have different opinions in defining cooperation on the university campuses in the US. The universities have a special obligation to those students. The ethic education in the business schools used to emphasize “no lying”, “no cheating” and “no stealing”. The concept of ethics is changing with the actual situation in the business world. Business ethics do only have a bearing on personal decision making, but also extend to the social, economic and environmental responsibilities of the enterprises, with the “sustainable” development as the main concern.Unit 82. (1) there is no alternative: the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.(2) The Amish have long been renowned for making ordinary soil magically productive.(3) In fact, the reason why manufacturing powers subsidize their enterprises on energy price is that energy price is a complex political and social issue.(4) 110-year-old Peking University is constantly reviewing its course structures to cater to the ever-changing student roll.(5) About 200 visiting students from china’s quake-hit Sichuan Province wound up their vacation in Russia and set out home.(6) Carbohydrates are abundant in starchy foods, and are converted in the body into glycogen, which is then stored in the muscles and liver.(7) People that illegally obtain personal information also incur criminal penalties, under the draft submitted yesterday to Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.(8) Governments at all levels must encourage the use of energy-saving technology and facilities by offering policy incentives such as an exemption of taxes.3. But by the spring of 2008, the financial world seemed to be coming undone, unemployment was rising, and among the fashionistas, cheap was the new black. Consumer prices in the US fell at a breathtaking annual rate of nearly 13% in the last three months of 2008. Prices plummeted for all sorts of goods, ranging from clothing to TVs to furniture, as retailers advertised sale after sale. But deflation missed big chunks of the economy. For all of 2008, college tuition and fees increased by 5.8%, followed closely by price increases for hospitals and legal services. Finance is one service sector where prices are falling, in part because banks lent so heavily in housing. For economics, overcapacity is a tricky concept. Human wants are unlimited, so how could the world ever produce too much of a good thing? The key is what people can pay: in many good sectors, prices still aren’t low enough to bring forth enough buyers. There will have to be some combination of falling prices and destruction of productive capacity before supply and demand come back into balance.。
新视野大学英语第三版1课文1-6中英文对照
Unit1Toward a brighter future for all奔向更加光明的未来1Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里,我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
2 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mom instructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。
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长丰园三区工程1#楼竣工验收报告编制审核审批施工单位:中十冶集团长丰园三区工程项目经理部一、工程概况建设单位:西安市西三爻村改造发展有限公司勘察单位:西安工程地质勘测公司设计单位:上海对外建设建筑设计有限公司陕西分公司监理单位:陕西中北建设监理有限责任公司施工单位:中十冶集团长丰园三区工程项目经理部(一)、设计概况.1、建筑工程(1)、本工程建筑面积22346.01 m2,本工程地下一层,地上共二十七层,均为单元式住宅,层高2.85m,其中东单元为四户,西单元三户,建筑耐火等级一级,建筑抗震设防烈度8度;建筑耐久年限50年,1#楼地下室层高4.9m,一层层高4.2m,二层层高3.3m,三层以上层高均为2.85m,每栋楼设两个单元,共27层,建筑总高为83.95米。
住宅楼工程基础均采用钢筋砼筏板基础,单层地下车库为墙下条基和柱下独基,裙楼为条形基础。
建筑物总高度83.95m。
(2)、本工程为一类建筑;耐火等级为一级;抗震设防烈度为8度;地下防水等级为一级,底板及外墙为抗渗混凝土,抗渗等级为s 6,在地下室外墙及底板下做两道2mm厚聚乙烯丙纶防水卷材;屋面防水为两道3mm厚SBS改性沥青聚乙烯胎防水卷材。
本工程.~-0.000相当于绝对标高。
(3)、墙体:非承重填充墙为混凝土空心砌块墙(厚200cm、250cm)、阳台采用ASA轻质隔墙板(厚90cm),地下室为粘士空心砖(厚120cm、240cm),楼梯间、卫生间、厨房的填充墙为粘土空心砖墙。
(4)、室外装修:粘贴面砖墙面。
飘窗、空调板下口为防水涂料涂饰。
(5)、室内装修:灰水泥加大白粉刮平(6)、楼地面:水泥砂浆、地砖、花岗岩、料石、细石混凝土。
(7)、内墙:水泥砂浆、混合砂浆、粉刷石膏。
+(8)、顶棚:粉刷石膏、涂料。
(9)、门窗:塑钢门窗、防火门、防盗门。
(10)、屋面防水:屋面防水为3mm厚SBS改性沥青防水卷材。
(11)、卫生间及厨房地面防水:采用2 mm厚聚氨酯防水涂膜。
(12)、外墙保温:外墙保温为外保温方式,剪力墙部分采用钢丝网架聚苯板乙烯泡沫塑料板现浇混凝土外墙外保温系统,聚乙烯泡沫板为50 mm厚;(13)、屋面保温采用80 mm厚聚乙烯泡沫板。
2、结构概况(1) 本工程结构类型为现浇钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构,基础形式为桩基,墙下布桩;筏板基础,底板厚为1100mm,地下室外墙厚度为250mm,300 mm;地下、地上内墙分别为200mm、250mm;现浇板厚度:地下室、一层、二层顶板厚度分别为200mm、180mm、120mm;地上顶板厚分别为:l00mm、120mm混凝土强度等级见下表。
部位混凝土等级备注基础垫层C15基础~15层(墙体、楼板、楼梯) C35±0.000以下部分外墙、楼板采用C35、S6抗渗混凝土15层以上(墙体、楼板、楼梯)C30钢筋保护层厚度:梁25mm,墙、板15mm。
3、安装工程:(1)、本安装工程主要包括电气、给水、排水、热水、消火栓系统、采暖、智能建筑电视,网络,监控、区域对讲、防排烟系统、消防、电梯等分部(子分部)工程。
(2)、本工程建筑电气电源由地下车库变配电室采用电缆桥架引来,电源电压为380/220。
包括电气动力、电气照明、防雷接地等。
(3)、工程生活给水系统水源由供水站通过供水管网经地下车库引进,生活给水分低、高两个区分别供给;消火栓系统按两个竖向分区设置两个集中供水系统,地下二层至十层为低区,十一层至二十七层为高区,生活排水直接排至室外化粪池经沉淀排入小区管网,雨水、空调冷凝水直接排至小区雨水管网;采暖热媒来自小区集中供热热交换站。
(4)、智能建筑包括:有线电视、无线信号覆盖、电话宽带、楼宇对讲、火灾报警及消防联动系统。
在电梯前室、走道门厅、电缆竖井、电梯机房等处设置火灾感烟探测器、手动报警按扭及火灾报警器和警铃。
(5)、防排烟系统:在设备层及屋面设置正压送风机,在每层的电梯前室设置常闭正压风口。
(6)、电梯:每个单元安装两部电力驱动的曳引式电梯,其中一部为消防电梯,一部电梯可到达人防层,方便住户由人防直接进入车厍。
(二)、施工概况1.主要施工方法及措施(1)、单位工程开工前均制定了详细的施工组织设计和专项施工方案,进行了技术交底,并经监理审批后方可施工。
(2)、质量控制严格执行质量三级管理制度,原材料进场必须具备合格证,经监理见证取样复试合格后方可使用;工序经自检,并填写自检记录,由项目专职质检员检验复查后,报监理验收,经监理检查验收后方可进行下道工序。
(1) 我单位2010年3月15日进场开始进行基础工程施工,于.2010年6月完成地下室结构的施工;主体结构于.2010年6月首层结构开始施;2010年12月完成主体结构封顶。
2011年8月完成所阳台栏板等二次结构和室内填充墙砌筑工程;2011年9月开始进行室内、外装饰装修及屋面施工,与此同时水、暖、电安装工程施工也同时交叉进行。
在进行装饰装修期间,主体结构施工质量没有发生异常变化。
沉降观测记录数据正常,地下室防水工程无渗漏。
2012年11月10日完成施工图设计文件及合同规定的全部内容,在自检验收评定合格的基础上,现申请单位工程竣工验收。
(2)、施工记录:自2010年3月开工至2011年12月主体完毕,2011年3月至2012年11月10日进行室内外装饰装修工程及屋面工程的施工,水暖电安装施工也同时进行,全部施工项目完成后经自检验收评定为合格,已具备单位工程竣工验收条件。
二、施工依据1、建筑法2、建筑工程质量管理条例3、建筑工程承包合同4、经审查批准的设计文件、施工图纸及说明书5、图纸会审纪要6、设计变更7、工程建设标准强制性条文8、经审批的施工组织设计及施工方案三、验收内容(一)、已验收的分部工程1、地基与基础分部工程于.2010年8月6日通过验收,质量评定等级为合格。
2、主体结构分部工程于.2011年1月22日通过验收,质量评定等级为合格。
(二)、本次单位工程验收内容主要包括如下分部:建筑装饰装修、建筑屋面、建筑给水、排水及采暖、建筑电气、智能建筑、通风、电梯7分部工程。
四、测量放线及沉降观测记录本工程测量放线采用J2经纬仪、DZJ3激光垂准仪、DS3水准仪及100米钢卷尺,对每个单元独立投点测量,相邻单元闭合复查的方法施测,所有仪器定期送检,有测量放线及复核记录118份。
(详见放线测量及复核记录)五、隐蔽工程验收记录本工程外墙抹灰、室内抹灰、地面、厨房、卫生间及屋面防水等工程均按检验批进行隐蔽验收,共有隐蔽记录245份,均符合设计和施工规范要求,并经监理验收,同意隐蔽后并签字齐全。
六、室内环境及节能保温(一)、室内环境经检测砂子、碎石、水泥焦渣、粉刷石膏等各种建筑材料均符合有关环境要求;建筑物室内环境经检测,有毒害气体及放射污染等各项指标均未超标符合要求,共有各项检验报告1份。
(二)、保温及节能外墙保温为外保温方式,剪力墙部分采用单面钢丝网架聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板现浇混凝土外墙保温系统,聚苯板为50mm厚;屋面保温采用40ram厚挤塑聚苯板,共有检测报告2份。
七、质量验收记录工程检验批、分项、分部及子分部、工程验收评定记录情况统计汇总。
序号分部工程名称及评定验收意见子分部工程名称及评定验收意见分项工程名称名称及评定验收意见检验批数量及评定验收意见1 地基与基础分部合格无支护士方合格土方开挖合格 1 合格土方回填合格 1 合格地基处理合格砂和砂石地基合格 1 合格桩基合格合格 1 合格地下防水合格卷材防水合格 1 合格防水混凝土合格 1 合格细部构造合格 1 合格混凝土基础合格模板合格7 合格钢筋合格7 合格混凝土合格7 合格现浇结构合格7 合格砌体基础合格砖砌体合格 1 合格2 主体结构合格混凝土结构合格模板合格28 合格钢筋合格28 合格混凝土合格28 合格现浇结构合格28 合格砌体结构合格填充墙砌体合格29 合格3 建筑装饰装修合格地面合格灰土垫层合格 1 合格混凝土垫层合格 1 合格找平层合格29 合格隔离层合格29 合格水泥混凝土面层合格29 合格水泥砂浆面层合格29 合格陶瓷地砖面层合格27 合格花岗岩面层合格 1 合格一般抹灰合格外墙抹灰合格28 合格内墙抹灰合格28 合格塑钢门窗合格塑钢门窗安装合格28 合格门窗玻璃安装合格28 合格防火门合格防火门安装合格28 合格防火门刷油合格28 合格防盗门合格防盗门安装合格27 合格轻质隔墙合格ASA板安装合格27 合格涂料合格外墙水性涂料合格28 合格内墙水性涂料合格28 合格饰面砖合格外墙饰面砖粘贴合格17 合格内墙饰面砖粘贴合格 1 合格细部合格楼梯扶手制安合格28 合格4 屋面卷材防水合格保温层合格 1 合格找平层合格 1 合格卷材防水合格 1 合格细部构造合格 1 合格5建筑给排水及采暖合格室内给水系统合格给水管道、支架及配件安装合格30 合格管道试压、防腐合格33 合格室内排水系统合格排水管道、支架及配件安装合格48 合格雨水及配件安装合格8 合格室内消火栓系统合格管道、支架、配件及消火栓系统安装合格29 合格管道试压、防腐合格29 合格室内采暖系统合格管道、配件及入户装置安装试压、防腐合格32 合格采暖管道安装合格33 合格6 建筑电气合格室内电力动力合格动力箱及控制柜安装合格合格电动机检查接线合格合格电气设备试运行合格 1 合格桥架安装和桥架内电缆铺设合格12 合格电缆头制作和绝缘测试合格 3 合格室内电气照明合格照明配电箱、电表箱、合格29 合格隐蔽导管、电线、电缆铺设合格130 合格普通灯具、开关、插座安装合格64 合格通电试运行合格 5 合格防雷及接地安装合格避雷引入线和接地干线敷设合格32 合格建筑等电位连接合格29 合格接闪器安装合格 1 合格防雷接地电阻测试合格 1 合格八、单位工程质量控制资料核查:(一)地基与基础、主体结构的分部质量控制资料地基与基础、主体结构的分部质量控制资料已经整理完毕。
(二)建筑装饰装修分部工程质量控制资料:1、抹灰、楼地面用水泥出厂合格证及试验报告:(1)Pc32.5水泥,试验报告10份,合格证10份。
水泥进场后监理见证取样,其代表批量符合工程要求及规范规定。
P·S32.5水泥技术指标,均符合《矿渣硅酸盐水泥》的有关规定。
以上水泥批量均能满足规范要求,使用部位标注清楚,进场时问能够衔接,具有可追塑性。
2、厨房、卫生间防水涂料出厂合格证及试验报告:本工程厨房、卫生间、阳台防水采用2mm厚聚氨酯防水涂料,聚氨酯防水材料采用.西安市未央区鸿胜防水建材厂生产的聚氨酯,具有产品合格证1份,检验报告1份、进场复试报告I份,其代表批量符合工程要求及规范规定,该产品各项指标均符合《聚氨酯防水涂料》(GBl719250—)要求及设计要求。