2011年成人高考专升本英语考试大纲
2011年成人高考高中起点升专科、本科《英语》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年成人高考高中起点升专科、本科《英语》真题及详解一、语音知识（共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分）在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同，找出这个词。
1.A.aboutB.southC.loudD.youth【答案】D【解析】youth，读[ju:θ]，其中划线部分“ou”发[u:]音，其他三项划线部分均发[au]音。
about读[ə'baʊt]。
south读[saʊθ]。
loud读[laʊd]。
2.A.specialB.secondC.uncleD.victory【答案】A【解析】special，读['speʃl]，其中划线部分“c”发[ʃ]音，其他三项划线部分均发[k]音。
second读['sekənd]。
uncle读['ʌŋkl]。
victory读['viktəri]。
3.A.taleB.tradeC.haveD.wave【答案】C【解析】have，读[hæv]，其中划线部分“a”发[æ]音，其他三项划线部分均发[ei]音。
tale读[teil]。
trade读[treid]。
wave读[weiv]。
4.A.weatherB.gatherC.methodD.northern【答案】C【解析】method，读['meθəd]，其中划线部分“th”发[θ]音，其他三项划线部分均发[ð]音。
weather读['weðə(r)]。
gather读['gæðə(r)]。
northern读['nɔ：ðən]。
5.A.climbbC.doubtD.double【答案】D【解析】double，读['dʌb(ə)l]，其中划线部分“b”发[b]音，其他都不发音。
climb读[klaim]。
comb读[kəʊm]。
doubt读[daʊt]。
成都大学2011年英语专业专升本《综合英语》考纲
成都大学外国语学院2012年专升本《综合英语》考试大纲一、考试时间：130 分钟二、考试要求《高等学校英语专业基础阶段英语教学大纲》规定，高等学校英语专业基础阶段的教学任务和目的是“传授英语基础知识，对学生进行全面的、严格的基本技能训练，培养学生实际运用语言的能力，培养学生良好的学习作风和正确的学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性，为学生升入高年级打好扎实基础。
本考试的目的是全面检查已学完英语基础阶段课程的学生是否达到教学大纲所规定的各项要求，考核学生运用各项基本技能的能力以及学生对语法结构和词语用法的掌握程度，既测试学生的综合能力，同时也是选拔优秀学生升入本科学习的一种手段。
三、考试内容本考试共有六个部分：I.听写(Part I：Dictation)测试要求：(a)要求学生在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出全篇短文。
(b)拼写和标点符号正确无误，错误率不超过8％。
(c)考试时间约15分钟。
题型：本部分为主观试题。
听写文章全篇约120个词，共念四遍。
第一遍用正常速度朗读，录音语速为每分钟120词，让学生听懂短文内容大意。
第二、三遍用稍慢的速度朗读，句子或分句间有大约15秒左右的间隙，让学生书写。
第四遍再用正常速度朗读，让学生检查。
测试目的：测试学生的理解和书写能力、拼写熟练程度以及标点符号的正确运用。
II．听力理解(Part II: Listening Comprehension)测试要求：(a)能听懂英语国家人士关于日常生活、社会生活的讲演或交谈，理解中心大意，抓住主要论点或情节，能根据所听材料进行推理和分析。
(b)能听懂VOA和BBC国际新闻的主要内容。
(c)考试时间约20分钟。
题型：听力理解部分为多项选择题，分三节：Section A，Section B和Section C，共30题。
Section A：Conversations，共有10题。
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)成考英语教学大纲成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
全国成人高等学校招生统一考试英语考试大纲（2011年版）由教育部社科司颁布，规定了成人高等教育英语课程的教学内容、教学要求、教学原则和教学方法，适用于各类成人高等教育举办的学厉证书班、专业证书班、本科班、专科班。
一、考试性质成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
二、考试要求1.掌握英语的基本语法和常用句型。
2.理解英语的基本词义，掌握英语的基本词法，包括名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等。
3.听懂一般性交谈并能作恰当回答，能听懂日常英语新闻和报道。
4.读懂一般性题材的文字材料，掌握中心意思，理解主要事实和情节，速度为每分钟40-60个单词。
5.读懂通用的简短实用文字材料，如信函、旅游简介、广告、说明等，理解正确，速度为每分钟60-80个单词。
6.能在听、读的基础上，学习常见英语单词，短语和句子。
7.逐步提高英语口语表达能力，能基本表达思想，能掌握汉译英的基本技巧。
8.逐步树立用英语进行思维，接受英语表达方式及习惯的能力。
9.能在交际中使用基本的交际用语和职业技能。
三、考试形式1.考试采用闭卷笔试形式。
2.考试时间为150分钟。
3.试卷分值：满分150分。
成考学士学位英语教学大纲成人高考学士学位英语考试大纲是针对成人高等教育学士学位英语考试而制定的，其主要包括成人高等教育本科生申请学士学位英语统考考试内容、考试大纲、考试题型及难度等内容。
2011年成人高考专升本《英语》试题及标准答案
三表格处理1．下列２行4列表格的行高是15磅、列宽是3厘米,将表格的第四列删除,在增加第３行,是表格变成同样格式的3行3列的表格,并添入相同字体的相应数据。
不得做其他修改。
2．将下列2行4列表格的四周边线宽度设定3磅；其余的表格线宽度设定为１．5磅,并将表格中的数字设定为小四号字。
不得做其他修改。
3．将下列表格设置为:（1）在文档的开始处建立的一个3行４列的表格中，设置为第1列中单元格的宽度为2厘米,设置第2列中的单元格的宽度为２.5厘米，设置第3列中的单元格的宽度为３厘米,设置第4列中的单元格的宽度为3.5厘米。
不得做其他修改。
（2）将表格的外框线宽度设置为２.2５磅、线形为双实线，内框线宽度为１.５磅、线形为单实线。
不得做其他修改。
4．将下列表格的表格线全部去掉，变成５行４列的数字。
不得做其他修改。
5．将下列表格中的文字删除，使该表变成一个空表,不得将表格及表格线做其他修改。
６．使用“表格”菜单中的命令,将表格中的第3行和第3列删除,不得做其他改动。
７.下列2行4列表格的行高是15磅,列宽是3厘米，将表格修改成同样格式的4行4列的表格，并填入相同字体的相同数字,不得做其他修改。
8．修改表格,将各单元格的高度设为2８磅，宽度为2.5厘米。
不得做其他修改。
9．将表格中的各行高度设定为28.35磅,宽度为3厘米。
不得做其他修改。
10．按下列表格中的数据求出每个人的总分,并按总分升序排列。
不得做其他修改。
11.将表格线去掉，变成没有框线的4行4列。
不得做其他修改。
１２.将下列表格四周的边框线宽度设置为3磅,其余各线为隐藏虚线。
不得做其他修改。
2011浙江省专升本各学校英语考试大纲
绍兴文理学院2011年专升本翻译与写作考试大纲本考试属于英语语言的综合能力考试。
考试的范围包括翻译和写作两大部分。
考试时间为150分钟。
一、考试形式及内容考试形式为笔试（闭卷），满分为150分。
共有两大部分：(一) 翻译（80分）：（二) 写作（70分）。
序号项目名称分值I单句翻译（中英互译）30分II短文翻译（中译英，英译中各一篇）50分III应用文写作20分IV写作50分二、翻译的基本要求单句翻译：要求句意通顺，符合英文或汉语的行文特色；并对句中内涵有一定的表达。
短文翻译：英译汉要求翻译英语国家出版的一般难度的文章和材料，译文应忠实于原文，表达流畅，翻译速度为每小时200个英文单词左右。
汉译英要求翻译我国书刊杂志上的普通文章和材料，译文应忠实于原文，表达流畅，翻译速度为每小时200个汉字左右。
测试目的：测试学生在专科阶段语言综合运用能力和对基本翻译技巧的灵活运用能力。
三、写作的基本要求应用文写作部分为主观试题，题型主要有：写便条或摘要、通知、非正式的信件如：感谢信，抱怨信等。
完整的作文（议论文、描写文、记叙文等）作文要求：根据所命的题目、列出的写作提纲或图表等写一篇250个英文词左右的短文。
做到内容切题、完整、条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。
测试目的：按照教学大纲的要求测试学生在专科阶段用英语书面表达思想的能力。
四、参考书目1.《英译汉教程》，连淑能编，高等教育出版社，2006年。
2.《实用汉英翻译教程》，曾诚编，外语教学与研究出版社，2002年。
3.《英文写作》（英文版），刘家荣主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2001年。
浙江财经学院2011年专升本翻译与写作考试大纲国家教委《高等学校英语专业基础阶段英语教学大纲》规定，高等学校英语专业基础阶段的教学任务和目的是"传授英语基础知识，对学生进行全面的、严格的基本技能训练，培养学生运用语言的能力，培养学生良好的学习作风和正确的学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性，为学生升入高年级打好扎实基础。
专升本《英语》历年成人高考真题及答案
2011年成人高考专升本《英语》试题及答案英 语本试卷共16页，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项。
1. 答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案示号，在试题卷上作答无效。
．．．．．．．．．．第一部分:听力（共两节, 满分30分）做题时, 先将答案划在试卷上. 录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 5.B. 9. 15.C. 9. 18.1.What will the woman do?A.Stay indoors.B.Have a walk.C.Get a coat.2.What will the speakers order?A.Coke and orange juice.B.Orange juice and coffee.C.Coffee and Coke.3.How did the woman know about the fire?A.She read about it.B.She witnessed it.C.She saw it on TV.4.What is the man worried about?A.The match may be delayed.B.Their car may go out of control.C.They may arrive late for the game.5.What does the man mean?A.He had a terrible vacation.B.He remained at home all the time.C.The woman asked a silly question.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2011年山东省普通高等教育专升本考试大纲
2011年山东省普通高等教育专升本考试大纲（含英语、计算机、大学语文、高等数学）2011-02-26 23:52:08| 分类：政策与经验| 标签：山东专升本考试大纲|字号大中小订阅赵德杰点评：山东省的专升本考试大纲是几年前制定的，近年来一直没有修订。
虽然大纲每年随教育厅的其他文件下发，但是它并不是命题的绝对依据，请广大考生务必注意。
在公共英语方面，大家应该重点关注近三年的实考试题，其题型、分值、难度等，才是预测判断今后试题的重要参考。
2011年山东省普通高等教育专升本英语（公共课）考试要求一、总则教育部颁布的《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求（试行）》（以下简称《基本要求》）指出：“语言测试在考核英语知识的同时，应着重考核学生实际运用语言的能力，要做到科学、公平和规范。
”同时指出：“考虑到目前学生入学英语水平的差异，教学和测试分A、B两级。
”山东省高职高专英语应用能力考试大纲就是根据这一要求而设计的。
鉴于我省实际情况，目前，山东省高职高专英语应用能力考试的内容以《基本要求》所规定的B级内容为主。
待条件成熟后，再进行A级的统一考试。
这种考试属于尺度参照性考试。
高职高专英语课程的教学目的是：“经过180～220学时的教学，使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和技能，具有一定的听、说、读、写、译的能力，从而能借助词典阅读和翻译有关英语业务资料，在涉外交际的日常活动和业务中进行简单的口头和书面交流，并为今后进一步提高英语的交际能力打下基础。
”整个教学过程要遵循“实用为主，够用为度”的原则，“强调打好语言基础和培养语言应用能力并重；强调语言基本技能的训练和培养实际从事涉外交际活动的语言应用能力并重。
”“目前要特别注意加强听说技能的培养。
”为此，本考试主要考核学生听和读的理解能力、翻译与写作的应用能力，同时也对词语用法、语法结构的掌握程度进行考核。
本考试目前只进行笔试。
但为了贯彻《基本要求》的精神，我们把客观性试题和主观性试题的比例做了较大调整，由原来的7﹕3调整为5.5﹕4.5，考试时间为120分钟，满分100分。
2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试英语
2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试——英语I. Phonetics (5points)Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet.1. A. lamb B. bombing C. comb D. ambition2. A. guilt B. build C. guide D. guitar3. A. laugh B. weigh C. tough D. rough4. A. theater B. threat C. thread D. treasure5. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. gratefulⅡ.Vocabulary and Structure (15 point)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There aren’t many wild pandas ____in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived7. _____I could say anything more; Holmes had rushed off towards the door.A. BeforeB. AfterC. WhenD. As8. Since you feel so strongly about this matter, you should make your views ____to other committee members.A. knowB. knowingC. being knownD. known9. They demanded that the government ____all political prisoners in the next two days.A. freeB. freedC. will freeD. would free.10. Nelson is a creative liar who is always making ____unusual excuses for not doing his work.A. acrossB. awayC. offD. up11. –I didn’t go to class las t night because my car broken down.–You ____mine I wasn’t using it.A. could borrowB. may borrowC. could have borrowedD. may have borrowed12. In our view, the root ____of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact13. You mustn’t go unless either your father or I ____with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14. There are ____fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U.S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too15. In the first semesters, I asked my teacher ____.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC. I should take what coursesD. should I take what courses16. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n) ____mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete17. Their experiment ____, Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done18. A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ____his attention and he was much interested in marking investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid19. Would you please let me finish my words? Don’t ____in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off20. –Have you ever played bridge?–Yes .We _____on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had playedⅢ.Cloze (30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Scientist have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing (脸红).Why would human evolve(进化)a 21 that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22 us to reveal that we have cheated or lied ?Charles Darwin pointed out that 23 all people of all races blush, animals do not. When it came to explaining the reason, he was 24 a loss. That has not stopped others from trying.One 25 is that blushing started out as a way to show me obey authoritative members of the group, later, as our social interactions became 26 complex, it became involved with higher, self-conscious 27 such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. This would seem to put individuals at a disadvantage, but blushing might actually make a person more 28 or socially desirable.29 that women blush more than men, one university researcher suggests that blushing might have evolved as a way for women to 30 their honesty to men so as to win their support in raising children. Some zoologists also think blushing could have emerged as a way to foster trust. “If you were to go hunting 31 a stone-faced partner, you could never 32 what he wants,” he says. Once blushing became33 with embarrassment, anyone who did not blush might have been at a disadvantage because we are34 likely to trust someone who appears never to feel 35 about anything.21. A. response B. reply C. reflection D. recall22. A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. preventing23. A. when B. while C. since D .because24. A. on B. in C. at D. of25. A. suggestion B. advice C. solution D. question26. A. apparently B. completely C. awkwardly D. increasingly27. A. moods B. senses C. emotions D. tempers28. A. privileged B. embarrassed C. energetic D. attractive29. A. Noting B. Providing C. Assuming D. Hoping30. A. assure B. approve C. confirm D. demonstrate31. A. for B. with C. by D. as32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedⅣ.Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part; each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay (干草) was almost ready cutting. On Midsummer’s Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back until midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out chatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleep on the living-room sofa with the “News of the Word” over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer, one of the cows broke into the door of the storehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in the storehouse with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumped upon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being struck with the horns and kicked from all sides. The situation was quiet out of their control. They had never seen these animals act like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures, which they were used to beating and whipping just as they chose, frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying to defend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animals running after them joyfully.36. The four men did not feed the cows because_______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn’t at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37. The cows broke into the storehouse because _______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran awayD. They gave in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that _____.A. the cows often ran out to look for food.B. the cows often had fights with their masters.C. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cows.D. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cows.Passage TwoIt was sunrise on August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 miles south of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followed by excited cries of “Coins! Coins!” The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman’s dream sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gone down 210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for the port of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of them were loaded for the trips to New Orleans, yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from theill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her downwhile others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗).Whatever happened, the secret along with a treasure valued near $100,000,000 in today’s dollars –was sent to a watery grave some 300 feet below the ocean’s surface.Spanish Sliver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted as payment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legal tender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survive today. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melted down.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, is releasing these coins to the public for an amazingly low price. For a limited time, these authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shipping and handling –a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. They net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41. What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1784?A. loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates, it lost$100,000,000’s worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42. What do we know about “Spanish Sliver Dollars”?A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in American after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43. In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. SportsB. HousingC. HistoryD. FashionPassage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers “decorated” three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people’s faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green, purple, red and yellow. The colors lists from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue, and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy (亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others, but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year’s Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44. Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be _______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45. Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. GreenB. BlueC. OrangeD. Red46. What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphere.D. Stimulating talks among people.47. The underlined word “serene” in the last sentence is closest in meaning to _______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants (移植) often are to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implants (the joints most commonly replaced); double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopaedic surgeon（矫形外科医生）at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventually require a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rate estimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. ‘‘Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure rates significantly,” sai d Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopaedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It’s good news for those who are considering re placing a knee or hip.48. What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U.S.?A. A lot of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeon.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in the U.S. hospitals.49. Why dose Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Sweden doctors are more responsible and skilful.50. The U.S. is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by______.A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operationsB. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12-18 monthsC. setting up a national joint replacement databaseD. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden51. People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel _____about data gathering in the U.S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post“because symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class American”. In 1897 Curtis began to revive (重振)the Post on the proposition that a man’s chief interest in life is the fight for livelihood— business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successful businessmen filled its pages, and products backed by its advertisements directed at the needs and desires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservative viewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settled in an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine than The New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the lives of massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorial matter addressed the problems and interests of the reader as never before. Neither highbrow nor lowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience. However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post’s editor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ of entertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing the New Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. His conservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine’ content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of the masses, challenging its reader to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic (昏昏欲睡的)America, however. The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while The New Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52. According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. Housewives.D. Politicians.53. What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week？A. MondayB. ThursdayC. SaturdayD. Sunday.54. Why did the Post lose much of i ts audience in the 1930’s?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Reader couldn’t afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt’s politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55. What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.Ⅴ.Daily Conversation (15 point)Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet.You pay electricity only. Gas and Water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And (59)Sarah: Sounds good. 60?Manager: Sure, See you tomorrow then.Ⅵ.Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100～120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly.61. 请以低碳生活（a low carbon life）为主题写一篇100～120词的短文，内容包括：三、流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；四、实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等）；五、低碳生活带来的积极影响。
广东省《成人高等教育学士学位英语水平考试大纲(非英语专业)》(2011年版)及试题
广东省成人高等教育学士学位外语水平考试(非英语专业)英语考试大纲及样题广东省学位委员会办公室二00二年十月目录考试大纲 (1)考试样题 (3)参考答案 (19)广东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲（非英语专业用）一、考试性质成人高等教育非英语专业学士学位英语水平考试是由各省级高等教育主管部门组织的统一考试，其目的是为了客观地测试非英语专业成人本科毕业生申请学士学位者的英语语言知识和英语运用等相关能力，考查其是否达到普通本科教育非英语专业英语教学大纲的一般要求。
二、考试要求成人高等教育非英语专业学士学位英语水平考试要求考生能够较熟练地掌握英语基本语法和常用词汇，具有较强的阅读能力和语言综合运用能力。
考生在英语运用能力方面应分别达到以下具体要求：（一）会话技能能够使用英语进行日常会话交流，根据对话的情景、场合、人物关系、身份和讲话人的意图及话语含义能够做出正确判断和用语选择。
（二）阅读理解考生应能够综合运用英语语言知识和基本阅读技能，读懂难度适中的一般性题材（经济、社会、政法、历史、科普、管理等）和体裁（议论文、说明文、应用文等）的英语文章。
能够基本上掌握文章大意并能领会作者的意图和态度。
阅读速度达到每分钟80个词。
具体要求为：1、能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节；2、具备根据上下文把握词义的能力，理解上下文的逻辑关系；3、能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；4、能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等做出简单的分析和判断。
（三）词汇掌握本考试大纲所规定的英语词汇、常用词组、常用词缀，并在阅读、写作等过程中达到相应程度的应用能力，即：1、领会式掌握4250个英语单词和500个常用词组；2、复用式掌握其中1800个左右的常用单词和200个常用词组；3、掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。
（四）语法掌握基本的英语语法知识，要求能在阅读、写作等过程中正确运用这些知识，达到获取有关信息和表达交流思想的目的。
2011年安徽专升本考试纲要
一、英语英语考试以教育部颁布的《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》和《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲和样题》为依据，测试考生语言知识和语言技能，包括一般性语言内容和涉外业务有关的内容。
考试形式为笔试，采用主客观混合题型，以保证良好的信度和效度。
考试内容包括五个部分：1．词汇和语法结构：参见《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》和《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲和样题》所规定的词汇和语法项目；2．完形填空：考查考生在所要求的词汇和语法项目的范围内，综合运用语言的技能，如推理、判断、猜测、常识等；3．阅读理解：在所要求的词汇和语法项目范围内，考查考生的篇章理解能力，信息的获取、分析、判断能力以及阅读速度；4．翻译（英译汉）：考查考生对英语句子及篇章结构的分析能力，信息获取能力，以及英汉思维方式的转换能力；5．写作（汉译英）：考查考生的英语句子、篇章的组织表达能力，以及对英语应用文格式的掌握程度。
二、计算机基础（一）计算机基础知识1．计算机系统的组成：硬件系统、软件系统和计算机工作原理；2．数制和编码：不同进制数的转换和计算机中常用的编码。
（二）操作系统1．操作系统作用和分类；2．用户界面；3．Windows 文件及文件管理、磁盘管理；4．Windows 环境设置、系统管理。
（三）Word 文字处理软件1．文字处理的基本概念：文字处理基本功能和文字处理基本方法；2．文档的基本操作；3．表格操作；4．版面设计与页面设置。
（四）Excel电子表格1．电子表格基本概念；2．工作表的使用；3．公式与函数；4．数据清单；5．图表的使用。
（五）多媒体技术1．多媒体硬件组成；2．多媒体软件组成；3．多媒体关键技术。
（六）网络基础及Internet1．网络的基本知识；2．网络协议的基本概念；3．局域网组成；4．Internet 基本知识和应用：因特网的概述及连接方式、IE的使用、电子邮件软件的应用和FTP服务。
（七）信息安全1．系统与数据安全：系统与数据常见的安全问题和解决办法、软件的知识产权；2．网络安全；3．计算机病毒基本知识：计算机病毒的分类、症状和计算机病毒的危害与防治。
2011年成人高考(指导、大纲-英语&政治)
2011 年成人高考政治增加和谐社会内容作为专升本层次的统考科目之一，政治也是众多成考生复习的重点。
2011 年新大纲修 订后，政治科目内容有较多变化，特别是整合了中国特色社会主义理论、增加了和谐社会相 关内容的章节。
北京市教育考试指导中心教研员闫惠介绍，2011 年新大纲主要有 3 方面变化：哲学部 分删去了旧大纲中关于社会发展进程内容的第七章； 毛泽东思想概论和邓小平理论合并为一 部分；邓小平理论部分内容进行了调整，增加了和谐社会的相关内容。
从政治复习总要求上看，新大纲对考生有 3 点要求，分别为：能比较准确地理解和掌 握马克思主义哲学原理、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的基本概念、 基本观点、 基本原理及其重要意义； 能运用马克思主义哲学、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系 的基本原理、基本方法，分析、论证、阐释建设中国特色社会主义实践中的重要问题；对于 违背马克思主义理论、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系的错误观点、 错误思想能够 识别，并给予适当的分析批判。
旧大纲规定复习考试内容有 4 部分，新大纲规定变为 3 部分。
其中，第一部分“马克思 主义哲学原理”未变，第二部分“毛泽东思想概论”变为“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论 体系概论”，旧大纲第三部分“邓小平理论和„三个代表‟重要思想概论”内容进行了调整，新大 纲第三部分和旧大纲第四部分均为“时事”。
根据新大纲规定，第一部分马克思主义哲学原理内容中，旧大纲的 7 部分要求修正为 新大纲的 6 部分要求，旧大纲的“人类社会的本质和基本结构”、“社会发展规律和历史主体 的作用”、“社会发展和人的发展”3 部分，修正为“社会存在发展的基础和基本结构”、“社会发 展的动力系统和历史进程”。
其余部分要求内容未变。
新大纲复习考试内容第二部分， 由旧大纲的“毛泽东思想概论”改为“毛泽东思想和中国特 色社会主义理论体系概论”。
全国成人学士学位英语统一考试大纲
全国高等教育成人本科生申请学士学位英语统一考试大纲全国高等教育成人本科生申请学士学位英语统一考试大纲（教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心制定）总则为适应成人高等教育本科毕业生申请学士学位外语统一考试的要求，根据国务院学位委员会《关于授予成人高等教育本科毕业生学士学位暂行规定》和国务院学位委员会、原国家教育委员会《关于整顿普通高等学校授予成人高等教育本科毕业生学士学位工作的通知》的有关规定，参照普通本科英语教学大纲的要求，并结合成人高等教育本科英语教学的实际情况，特制订«全国高等教育成人本科生申请学士学位英语统一考试大纲»。
适应对象: 除全国高等教育成人本科生申请学士学位考生外,还对英语二 / 双学位考生做出了具体的要求。
这样会使考试更加规范，使广大考生能够熟悉英语考试的内容、题型、难度、及记分办法。
本大纲将于2011年开始执行。
现将有关问题作如下说明：成人英语教学的目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力，一定的英汉互译能力，和初步的听说能力，使他们能以英语为工具，获取专业所需要的信息，并为进一步提高英语水平打下较好的基础。
为此，本考试主要考核学生运用语言的能力，重点是考核学生的阅读能力以及对语法结构和词语用法的熟练程度。
本考试是一种标准化考试。
考试方式为笔试。
考试范围主要参照全日制文理科、本科英语教学大纲所规定的1—3级除听说以外的大部分内容。
在题型设计上，英汉互译部分和写作部分是主观性试题之外，其余试题均采用客观性的单项或多项选择题形式。
听说考试正在规划之中，待时机成熟时实施。
客观性试题有信度较高，覆盖面广的优点；而主观性试题有利于提高测试的效度，能更好的检测考生运用语言的能力。
为此，本考试采用主观题、客观题混合型，以保证良好的信度和效度，以利于未来全国统考、考查或评估。
本考试按百分制计分，满分为120分（其中100分为成人本科学士学位满分成绩，再加20分为二 / 双学位考生满分成绩 )。
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
总要求
考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇,一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容
一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则：
1.元音字母在单词中的读音
2.辅音字母在单词中的读音
3.常见字母组合的读音
二、词汇
考生应掌握约3800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
后附词汇表中仅给出每个单词的1至2个主要释义。
三、语法
考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：
(一)词法
1.名词
2.冠词
3.代词
4.数词
5.形容词
6.副词
7.介词
8.动词
9.连词
10.感叹词
(二）句法
1.基本句型
2.句子按用途分类
(1)陈述句
(2)疑问句
(3)祈使句
(4)感叹句
3.句子按结构分类
(1)简单句
(2)并列句
(3)复合句
(三）构词法
1.派生法
2.合成法
3.转换法
四、阅读。
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料5
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料52011年成人高考(专升本)英语重点复习资料5形容词与副词(4-1~5-2)大纲要求：形容词与副词掌握比较级的构成及其用法。
一、形容词在句子中的作用1、形容词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
A good boy must behave himself. 好孩子应当行为规矩。
(定语)I like this red dress very much.(定语)She is beautiful. (表语)The patient is asleep. (表语)Who has got the window open? (宾语补足语)Ive got everything ready for the class. (宾语补足语)I said it would happen， and sure enough it did happen.(独立成分)2、大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但有少数形容词只能作表语。
This is a red dress. The dress is red.alike，afraid，alone，asleep，awake，aware，alive，ashamed， unable， content.二、副词在句子中的作用副词在句子中主要作状语，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子。
Unfortunately， he wasnt at home when I came. (修饰整个句子)Luckily， she wasnt injured in the accident.(修饰整个句子)Her pronunciation is very good.(修饰形容词)I have been extremely busy these days.(修饰形容词)I can hardly agree with you.(修饰动词)He works terribly (quite) hard. (修饰副词)三、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成1.单音节词和少数双音节词(如以y结尾的)在词尾加-er ， -est.如：small，smaller，smallest; great，greater，greatest; clever， cleverer， cleverest; quiet， quieter， quietest ; common，commoner， commonest; narrow， narrower， narrowest.2、以e结尾的词加-r ， -st .如：larger， larger ， largest ; simple， simpler ， simplest ; polite， politer ， politest; brave， braver， bravest; fine，finer，finest.3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 再加-er ， -est .如：busy，busier，busiest; heavy，heavier，heaviest; happy，happier， happiest.4、以一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est .(一个辅音字母结尾;重读闭音节)如：big，bigger，biggest; thin，thinner，thinnest; hot，hotter， hottest.双音节词，多音节词比较级和最高级在词前加more， most.如：difficult， more difficult， most difficult， interesting，more interesting， most interesting; useful， more useful， most useful.特殊的比较级和最高级四、形容词和副词比较级的用法1、比较级常与than引导的状语从句连用，表示与什么相比。
2011年英语真题+答案解析
2011年普通高等学校专升本招生考试公共英语试卷Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was______of cheating customers.A. accusedB. chargedC. ScoldedD. cursed2. The murderer was brought in, with his hands______behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD.tied3. Needless to say, he______his good looks and sense of humor from his mother.A. inheritedB. carriedC. InhibitedD. resembled4. They have______ most carefully the time and the materials needed to complete the project.A. picked outB. left outC. taken outD. figured out5. The room is quite neat, it ______.A. doesn’t need to cleaningB. needn’t to cleaningC. doesn’t need cleaningD. needn’t cleaning6. ______right now, she would get there on Sunday.A. Would she leaveB. If she leaveC. Were she to leaveD.If she had left7. He must have stayed up late last night,______he ?A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. hasn’tD. didn’t8. ______he does not come, shall we go without him?A. SupposingB. To supposeC. SupposedD. to be supposed9. He will pass two milestones ______, that is, he will receive his master’s degree and find a challenging job.A. long agoB. not long agoC. before longD. long before10. Some diseases are ______by certain water animals.A. transportedB. transmittedC. transformedD. transplanted11. Our hopes ______at the first sight of the doctor.A. aroseB. raisedC. RoseD. aroused12. Eating too much fat can ______heart disease and cause high blood pressure.A. attribute toB. contribute toC. attend toD. devote to13. That ______lady is their English teacher.A. young beautiful foreignB. beautiful young foreignC. young foreign beautifulD. foreign young beautiful14. I don’t think it advis able that Tom ______to the job since he has no experience.A. is assignedB. will be assignedC. be assignedD. has been assigned15. He is ______of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.A. the only oneB. only oneC. OneD. a16. I don’t think it will rain, but I’ll take an umbrella ______ it does.A. as ifB. in caseC. as thoughD. even if17. All the tasks______ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.A. had been fulfilledB. were fulfilledC. having been fulfilledD. been fulfilled18. He didn’t allow ______in his room, actually he didn’t allow his family_____at all.A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smokeC. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking19. Susan is ______to lift the heavy box.A. strongB. enough strongC. strong enoughD. strong too20. By the end of this term, we______the textbook.A. finishB. have finishedC. will finishD. will have finished21. This hall can 1000 people. You can ______where you like.A. hold; seatB. be seated; seatedC. seat; be seatedD. hold; seating22. I like English and I spent every minute I can ______English.A. to studyB. studyingC. studiedD. study23. ______of his name, we had a lot of trouble in finding the patient.A. Not informedB. Not having informedC. Not having been informedD. Having not informed24. No matter how hard I searched my bag, my new pen was ______ .A. nowhere to find itB. nowhere to be foundC. to be found nowhereD. to be found anywhere25. Rather than ______the bus, he ran all the way home.A. takeB. to takeC. takenD. took26. ______with the book I brought yesterday, the one from the library doesn’t seem interesting.A. When compared; borrowedB. While comparing; borrowedC. Compare; borrowingD. Comparing; borrowing27. If you can’t see the words written on the blackboard very well, maybe you need ______ .A. examiningB. to have you eyes examinedC. to have examined your eyesD. to be examined your eyes28. She must be looking forward as much to ______from him as he himself is to from her.A. hear; hearingB. hearing; hearC. have heard; hearingD. hearing; hearing29. I sent invitations to 20 people, ______came.A. of whom only 10 of theseB. only 10 of these whoC. of whom only 10D. only 10 who30. of the land in that district ______covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifths; areC. Two fifth; areD. Two fifths; is31. Free tickets will be given to ______phones us first.A. thatB. whoeverC. WhomeverD. who32. _____his words, there were no grounds to justify his complaints.A. Such beingB. Such wereC. Were suchD. Being such33. It was ten o’clock ______ he came back.A. thatB. whenC. soD. which34. ______difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get them over.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. HoweverD. What35. ______ raw materials into useful products is called manufacturing.A. TransformB. TransformingC. Being transformedD. When transforming36. Smoking should be ______in all public places like threats, cinemas and restaurants.A. bannedB. specifiedC. PassedD. preserved37. ______for your help, we wouldn’t have succeeded.A. Hadn’t it beenB. Had it not beenC. If it had beenD. If it were38. All the students were ______by the ______speech given by the headmaster.A. inspired; inspiredB. inspiring; inspiringC. inspired; inspiringD. inspiring; inspired39. He knows little of Maths, and ______of chemistry.A. much lessB. much moreC. even moreD. still more40. John is ______the age of Mary.A. oldB. twiceC. DoubleD. as old asPart Ⅱ Cloze (1×20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Paris is the capital of the European nation of France. It is also one of the most beautiful and 41 cities in the world.Paris is called the City of Light. It is 42 an international fashion center. What modern women are 43 in Paris will soon be worn by many women 44 the world. Paris is also a famous world centre of education. For instance, the head quarters of UNESCO, the United Nations 45 , Scientific, and Cultural Organization, is in Paris.The Seine River 46 the city into two parts. Thirty two bridges 47 this scenic river. The oldest and 48 most well known is the Pont Neuf, 49 was built in the sixteenth century. TheSorbonne, a famous university, 50 on the Left Bank (south side) 51 the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Coeur lies 52 the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north bank) of the Seine.There are many other famous places in Paris, 53 the famous museum the Louvre 54 the cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous landmark in this city 55 the Eiffel Tower.Paris is named 56 a group of people 56 the Parisii. They 58 a small village on an island 59 the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the lle de la Cite, is 60 Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.41. A. famous B. most famous C. famouser D. more famous42. A. as well B. too C. also D. as well as43. A. clothing B. dressing C. putting on D. wearing44. A. all over B. over all C. whole over D. over whole45. A. Educating B. Education C. Educationally D. Educational46. A. divides B. breaks C. arranges D. classifies47. A. pass B. cover C. cross D. lie48. A. perhaps B. possibly C. likely D. similarly49. A. it B. that C. where D. which50. A. is locating B. locates C. is located D. located51. A. on B. of C. over D. above52. A. on top of B. on top C. at top of D. top of53. A. as such B. such as C. such like D. like such54. A. and as well B. well as C. as well D. as well as55. A. must be B. has to be C. can be D. need be56. A. behind B. about C. after D. concerning57. A. called B. calling C. to be called D. being called58. A. have built B. built C. had built D. build59. A. among B. between C. in the middle of D. over60. A. in which B. which C. where D. thatPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Researchers have found that REM (rapid eye movement) sleep is important to human beings. This type of sleep generally occurs four or five times during one night of sleep, lasting five minutes to forty minutes for each occurrence. The deeper a person’s sleep becomes, the longer the periods of rapid eye movement.There are physical changes in the body to show that a person has changed from NREM(non-rapid eye movement) to REM sleep. Breathing becomes faster, the heart rate increases, and, as the name implies, the eyes begin to move quickly.Accompanying these physical changes in the body is a very important characteristic of REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that a person dreams.61. According to the passage, how often does REM sleep occur in one night？A. OnceB. Twice.C. Four or five times.D. Forty times62. The word “deeper”in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to which of t he following？A. Heavier.B. Louder.C. StrongerD. Happier.63. Which of the following shows that a person is NOT dreaming in his sleep？A. His eyes begin to move.B. His breathing becomes faster.C. His heart rate increases.D. His eyes stop moving.64. The subject of this passage is ______ .A. why people sleepB. the human need for REM sleepC. the characteristics of REM sleepD. physical changes in the human body65. Which of the following is the best title of the article?A. REM SleepB. Two Types of SleepC. SleepersD. What Happens to SleepersPassage 2Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.66. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ______ .A. for recreationB. to limit the fox populationC. in the interests of the farmersD. to show off their wealth67. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?A. It involves the use of a deadly poison.B. It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C. The hunters have set rules to follow.D. The hunters have to go through strict training.68. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ______ .A. by resorting to violenceB. by confusing the fox huntersC. by taking legal actionD. by demonstrating on the scene69. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ______ .A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB. forbid hunting foxes with dogsC. stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD. prevent large scale fox hunting70. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ .A. killing foxes with poison is illegalB. limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC. hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD. Fox hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the richPassage 3If you listen to American music, watch American television or magazines, you will probably agree that the most popular subject of these forms of entertainment is love. Romantic love always finds an audience in the United States. Falling in love, solving the problems of love, and achievingthe happy ending—the big wedding are subjects of interest to the adult as well as the teenage public. Millions of Americans celebrates Valentine’s Day with special cards and gifts that announces their love to their mates, their friends, their coworkers and their families. Popular songs tell us that “all the world loves a lover”. A popular saying is “Love conquers all”. Numerous columns in magazines and newspapers offer advice to the lovelorn, those with difficulties of the heart. To most Americans, romantic love is essential to a happy life.Not only do Americans believe in romantic love but they also believe that it is the best basis for marriage. Despite the high divorce rate in the United States, young men and women continue to marry on the basis of romantic love.Americans consider marriage to private arrangement between the two people involved. Young Americans feel free to choose their own marriage partners from any social ,economic, or religious background. The man or woman may have strong ties with parents, brothers, or sisters, but when he or she falls in love, the strongest feelings are supposed to be for the loved one. When an American couple marries, they generally plan to live apart from both sets of parents and build their own independent family structure.71. What is the most popular subject of all forms of entertainment?A. MarriageB. LoveC. FamilyD. Friendship72. Who is interested in the subject of love?A. Adults who are single.B. Teenagers whose parents are divorced.C. Old people who have no children.D. Both adults and teenagers.73. What do most Americans think of romantic love?A. It is central to a happy life.B. It is not the basis for marriage.C. It is not necessarily important in a person’s life.D. Many people long for it, but it is unbelievable.74. What factors do young Americans consider when choosing their own marriage partner?A. They will think about their background.B. They think economic background is essential.C. They won’t choose a marriage partner from different religious background.D. They don’t think social , econ omical or religious background is important.75. What does an American couple plan to do when they marry?A. They continue to live with their parents after their marriage.B. They plan to live by themselves.C. They plan to earn more money to buy a house.D. They plan to travel all over the world.Passage 4In 1939 two brothers，Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive in restaurant in San Bernardino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years，first a theater，then a barbecue（烤肉）restaurant, then another drive in. But in their new operation，they offered a new，shortened menu: French fries，hamburgers，and sodas. To this small selection they added one new concept: quick service，no waiters or waitresses，and no tips.Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity(一致性)，for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food，and they insisted on their cooks’ sticking to their routine. Their new drive in became incredibly popular，particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954，when he was selling milkshake mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers’ fast food restaurants and bought the right to franchise（特许经营）other copies of their restaurants. The agreement included the right to duplicate the menu, the equipment，even their red and white buildings with the golden arches（拱门）.Today M cDonald’s is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteencent hamburgers. In 1976，McDonald’s had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.76. This passage mainly talks about ______.A. the development of fast food servicesB. how McDonald’s became a billion dollar businessC. the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldD. Ray Kroc’s business talent77. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except_______ .A. a drive inB. a cinemaC. a theaterD. a barbecue restaurant78. We may infer from this passage that ______.A. Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc.B. The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of theirdrive in.C. Forty years ago there were numerous fast food restaurants.D. Ray Kroc was a good businessman.79. The passage suggests that ______ .A. Creativity is an important element of business success.B. Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothers.C. Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray Kroc.D. California is the best place to go into business.80. As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph，the word “unique” means ______ .A. SpecialB. financialC. AttractiveD. peculiarPart Ⅳ Translation (1.5×10 points)Directions：There are 10 sentences in this section. Please translate sentences 8185 from Chinese into English, and translate sentences 8690 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.81.我记得在哪里见过她。