financial service
供应链融资：优化供应链的资金流动外文翻译
供应链融资：优化供应链的资金流动外文翻译外文题目:Supply chain finance: optimizing financial flows in supply chains出处:Springer-Verlag 2009作者:Hans-Christian PfohlMoritz Gomm原文:Supply chain finance: optimizing financial flows in supply chains AbstractIssues related to flows of goods and information are frequently discussed in the logistics and Supply Chain Management literature. But, only few contributions are exploring the financial flows associated with supply chains. This article reviews the state-of-the-art of research regarding financial flows in supply chains. In doing so, it becomes apparent that an explicit examination and optimisation of the cost of capital has been missing so far. In order to close this gap, a conceptual framework and a mathematical model of ‘‘Supply Chain Finance’’ is proposed1.Supply chain finance?research gapSupply chain management SCM is applied in today’s business world to optimise the flows of goods, information, and the financial flows within and between companies by functional and cross-companyintegration.1 In the past, academic papers regarding SCM mainly dealt with the design and optimisation of the flows of goods and information.The financial flows between companies of the supply chain, however, were often neglected and have only recently found greater attention in the academic SCM literature.This paper analyses the role of financial flows in supply chains and the impact SCM can have on optimising such flows in terms of capital cost. A framework for the financial aspects of SCM is developed. Furthermore, a mathematical model is proposed to explain financing activities across supply chains, which are referred to as ‘‘supply chain financing’’ SCF. The basic idea of the model is that supply chain information can be used to decrease investment risks and thus capital costs of financing projects within supply chains.First, in this paper, supply chain flows are analysed, and the role of financial aspects are discussed on the basis of a preliminary review of related literature. It is shown that the cost of capital in supply chains has been mostly neglected so far. The following part of the discussion Sect. 3 proposes a supply chain finance framework. It covers the objects, actors, and levers of supply chain financing. Finally, in part 4, a mathematical model is developed to better understand to what extent financial SCM can contribute in decreasing the capital costs. The paper closes with a discussion of the results.2. Literature review on financial flows in SCMSupply chain management is an interdisciplinary management concept which is based on the idea of holistic optimisation of the various flows constituting a supply chain.There are numerous suggestions about the kinds and levels of flows to be considered in the literature. Pfohl distinguishes between flows of information, rights, goods and financial flows. Croom et al.differentiate between goods, financial resources, human resources, information, knowledge, and technologies as ‘‘elements of exchange’’. Cooperet al. include the flows of material, goods, and information in one direction, and reverse flows of information and financial resources. Mentzer et al. consider products, services, information, financial resources, information about demand, and forec asts as ‘‘supply chain flows’’ With respect to the range of activities covered in SCM, the logistics channel as well as the marketing channel are usually considered, i.e. the channel of interaction of a company with its sources of supply and sales markets. For the purposes of this discussion, the relevant fabric of flows is summed up under the notions of the flow of goods,the flow of information, and the financial flow, as shown in Fig. 1 Reviewing the academic contributions on SCM regarding the optimisation of financial flows, again a number of different approaches are found. Pfohl et al. denominate the flow of financial resources as the ‘‘financial supply chain’’ and locate the latter atthe interface between the fields of logistics and finance. They examine the management of the net current assets as an important issue within the scope of SCM. Beyond the optimisation of the flow of goods with a focus on the physical reduction in stocks, they analyse the instruments of cash management As primary levers for management, they consider optimal timing of activities, the control of receivables, liabilities, and advance payments. Moreover, the optimisation and support of the inventory and cash managements are described within the scope of process managementStemmler and Seuring were amongst the first authors to use the term ‘‘supply chain finance’’. They speak of the control and optimisation of financial flows induced by logistics. Logistically induced financial processes comprise inventory management, the handling of the logistically induced financial flows as well as the supporting processes with an immediate reference to logistics as, for example, the insurance management for stocks.Another approach to the optimisation of financial flows within supply ch ains is ‘‘logistics financing’’ as defined by Stenzel: the ‘‘[…] active marketing of financial services in addition to logistics services by logistics service providers.’’ This opens up another field of competence for logistics service providers within the scope of financing logistics structures. In this context, Steinmu¨ llerexamines possibilities to finance logistics real estate and Feinen particularlydeals with the leasing of logistics real estates. The term ‘‘Financial Chain Management FCM’’, which is also used in the context of financial flow research, has to be seen in contrast to the term supply chain finance. The former has particularly come to be known in literature and practice in connection to software products by SAP AG and is defined as the sum of the ‘‘financial flows in and across companies’’. The processes that have to be managed by the FCM are thus reduced to the processing steps of the business initiation and business transaction processes. FCM is supposed to optimize cross-company financial processes using collaborative and automatic transactions between suppliers, customers as well as financial and logistics service providers. Consequently, a decisive role is attributed to information and communication technology, so that mainly the flows of information or documents are affected. A common ground for the contributions in the literature is the focus on the financial impact of SCM upon the value chain in terms of inventory, process, and cash management or by means of synchronisation and collaboration. These variables affect the free cash flow of each company involved by increased sales or decreased costs as well as the cost of capital by reduced assets. The explicit consideration of the influence of SCM measures on the capital cost rate, however, has been lacking so far cf. Fig. 2. Considering the growing importance of value orientation in management, this is methodically as well as practically critical sincethe capital costs are determined by the assets to be financed and the capital cost rate. This reveals a gap in research, which this paper targets at: how can SCM contribute to decrease the capital costs in terms of the capital cost rate.The following part of the argument examine how the supply chain of a company can contribute to more costeffective financing. Inter-company financing within the supply chain is called ‘‘supply chain finance’’ and is defined here as: Supply chain finance SCF is the inter-company optimisation of financing as well as the integration of financing processes with customers, suppliers, and service providers in order to increase the value of all participating companies. The task of SCF is to save capital cost by means of better mutual adjustment or completely new financing concepts within the supply chain?eventually in combination with a changed role or task sharing. In order to substantiate this term, a conceptual framework will be developed in the following 3 A conceptual framework of supply chain financeIn order to conceptualise the term supply chain finance, it has to be examined which assets objects within a supply chain are actually financed by whom actors and on whatterms levers. These three dimensions add up to the framework of the supply chain finance译文:供应链融资:优化供应链的资金流动摘要有关货物和信息流的问题经常在物流与供应链管理的文献中讨论。
财务部和融资部英语
财务部和融资部英语The Importance of English in the Finance and Financing DepartmentsIntroductionEnglish plays a crucial role in today's globalized business world, and its significance cannot be ignored in the finance and financing departments. With increasing international trade and investment, effective communication in English has become essential for these departments to thrive and succeed. This article aims to explore the importance of English in the finance and financing departments and highlight its benefits in various aspects of financial operations.1. Enhancing communication with international partnersIn the finance and financing departments, professionals often deal with international partners, including investors, clients, and stakeholders. As English is commonly accepted as the global business language, having a strong command of English enables effective communication and eliminates potential language barriers. This facilitates smooth transactions, negotiations, and relationship-building, ultimately leading to successful collaborations and profitable outcomes for the organizations involved.2. Accessing and utilizing financial informationThe finance department is responsible for managing financial data, preparing reports, and analyzing various financial metrics. In today's digital age, a vast amount of financial information is available in English. Proficient English skills allow finance professionals to access and comprehendimportant financial reports, research, and market trends published in English. This not only enhances their ability to make informed decisions but also enables them to effectively convey and present financial information to colleagues and stakeholders.3. Participating in international financial marketsEnglish is the primary language used in international financial markets, including stock exchanges, bond markets, and foreign exchange markets. Proficiency in English is crucial for finance professionals to actively participate in these markets, understand trading rules, and analyze real-time financial data. Effective communication in English allows them to negotiate and execute transactions with international counterparts, expanding investment opportunities and fostering international collaborations.4. Facilitating cross-border financingThe financing department often deals with cross-border financing activities, such as borrowing from international banks, issuing bonds in foreign markets, or seeking equity investments from overseas investors. English proficiency is indispensable in negotiating financing terms, drafting legal documents, and understanding complex financial regulations and contracts. Accurate comprehension and communication in English ensure smooth transactions, minimize legal risks, and establish credibility and trust with international financing partners.5. Professional development and career advancementProficiency in English opens up numerous opportunities for career advancement in the finance and financing departments. English languageskills are highly sought after by employers in multinational corporations, banks, and financial institutions. Professionals with strong English skills have a competitive edge in the job market, as they can collaborate effectively with international teams, handle cross-border projects, and explore global career prospects. Moreover, English language proficiency is often a prerequisite for pursuing advanced financial certifications, such as the CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) designation, which is widely recognized and respected in the finance industry.ConclusionEnglish proficiency is crucial for finance and financing professionals to thrive in today's globalized business landscape. It enables effective communication with international partners, access to financial information, participation in international financial markets, facilitation of cross-border financing, and opens up avenues for professional development and career advancement. As the finance and financing departments continue to adapt to a rapidly changing business environment, the importance of English language skills will only continue to grow.。
Finance（金融机构）部门和职能的划分
Finance（金融机构）部门和职能的划分我先试图把Finance类工作做一个定义。
首先，要把Finance工作和在Financial Institution(金融机构) 中工作要区分开。
在 Financial Institution中的工作可以是Teller(柜员),Financial Advisor (理财/销售),Trader (交易员),Fund Manager(基金经理),Middle Office (结算) ，Equity Research Associate (股票调研)等等，这些从广义上讲，也是Finance领域的，但是从一个公司的职能上分，这些实际上是属于Customer Service, Sales, Operations, 等部门，并不是职能上的Finance部门。
职能上的Finance工作应该是在“Corporate Finance” 的范畴，也就是在一个(金融或非金融)企业中从事以企业自身资金、资本、财务为对象的管理工作。
虽然不同的公司对内部部门和职能的划分会有不同，但一个比较典型的大型上市公司的Finance部门应以CFO(财务总裁) 为首，包括三大块：Treasury, Controller, 和Planning & Analysis。
以下就这三部分做一个简介：Treasury:Treasury就是资金部，一般负责与银行打交道，银行帐户管理、cash management(资金管理), risk management(风险管理), debt and equity financing(融资/融券) 等。
这个部门比较有意思，也压力比较大，因为直接跟大笔的资金打交道。
尤其在risk management方面比较有挑战性，如果需要建一些分析model，那么就对数学统计也有一定要求。
这里的用人需要主要是Financial Analyst. 他们会做大量的与cash flow, interest, debt,and risks有关的reporting和analysis 工作，根据具体工作不同也可能细分为Credit Analyst, Liquidity Analyst,等。
公司职位中英文对照
公司职位中英文对照?首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理IT Manager信息技术主管IT Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator系统分析员System Analyst高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software Engineer系统工程师System Engineer高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer通信技术工程师Communications EngineerERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant 数据库工程师Database Engineer技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer品质经理QA Manager信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer软件测试工程师Software QA Engineer硬件测试工程师Hardware QA Engineer测试员Test Engineer网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor 网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网管System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant销售Sales销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager客户经理Sales Account Manager渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道主管Channel Supervisor销售主管Sales Supervisor销售代表Sales Representative / Executive销售工程师Sales Engineer医药代表Pharmaceutical Sales Representative保险代理Insurance Agent销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee商务经理Business Manager商务专员/助理Business Executive/Assistant销售行政经理Sales Admin. Manager销售行政主管Sales Admin. Supervisor售前/售后技术服务经理Technical Service Manager售前/售后技术服务主管Technical Service Supervisor售前/售后技术服务工程师Technical Service Engineer售后/客户服务（非技术）经理Customer Service Manager售后/客户服务（非技术）主管Customer Service Supervisor售后/客户服务（非技术）专员Customer Service Executive经销商Distributor计算机硬件Computer, Hardware高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer其他Others计算机软件Computer, Software高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software EngineerERP技术/开发应用ERP Application R&D/Implementation系统集成工程师System Integration Engineer系统分析员System Analyst系统工程师System Engineer数据库工程师/管理员Database Engineer/Administrator计算机辅助设计工程师Computer Aided Design Engineer其他Others互联网开发及应用Internet互联网软件开发工程师Internet/E-Commerce Software Engineer多媒体/游戏开发工程师Multimedia/Game Development Engineer 网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网络管理员System Manager/Webmaster网站策划Web Producer网站编辑Web Editor网页设计/制作/美工Web Designer/Production/Creative网络信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer智能大厦/综合布线Intelligent Building/Structure Cabling其他OthersIT-管理IT-Management首席技术执行官CTO/首席信息官CIO Chief Technology Officer CTO/Chief Information Officer CIO 技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理/主管IT Manager/Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目总监Project Director项目经理Project Manager项目主管Project Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator其他OthersIT-品管、技术支持及其它IT-QA, Technical Support...技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer计量工程师Measure Engineer标准化工程师Standardization Engineer品质经理Quality Assurance QA Manager系统测试Systems Testing QA软件测试Software Testing QA硬件测试Hardware Testing QA测试员Test Engineer /Tester技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant其他Others通信技术Communication Technology通信技术工程师Communication Engineer有线传输工程师Wired Transmission Engineer无线通信工程师Wireless Communication Engineer电信交换工程师Telecommunication Exchange Engineer数据通信工程师Data Communication Engineer移动通信工程师Mobile Communication Engineer电信网络工程师Telecommunication Network Engineer通信电源工程师Communication Power Supply Engineer其他Others电子/电器/半导体/仪器仪表Electronics/Wiring/Semiconductor/Instrument/Industry集成电路IC设计/应用工程师IC Design/Application EngineerIC验证工程师IC Verification Engineer电子工程师/技术员Electronics Engineer电气工程师/技术员Electrical Engineer电路工程师/技术员Electronic Circuit Engineer电声/音响工程师/技术员Electroacoustics Engineer半导体技术Semiconductor Technology自动控制工程师/技术员Autocontrol Engineer/Technician电子软件开发(ARM/MCU...) Electronics Software (ARM/MCU…)嵌入式软件开发(Linux/单片机/DLC/DSP…) Embedded Software Engineer (Linux/SCM/DLC/DSP…) 电池/电源开发Battery/Power EngineerFAE 现场应用工程师Field Application Engineer (FAE)家用电器/数码产品研发Household Electronics/Digital Products Development仪器/仪表/计量Instrument/Measurement测试工程师Quality Testing Engineer其他Others销售管理Sales Management销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager销售主管Sales Supervisor渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道/分销主管Channel/Distribution Supervisor客户经理Sales Account Manager区域销售总监Regional Sales Director区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager其他Others销售人员Salespersons销售代表Sales Representative / Executive渠道/分销专员Channel/Distribution Representative客户代表Sales Account Representative销售工程师Sales Engineer电话销售Telesales经销商Distributor其他Others销售行政及商务Sales Administration销售行政经理/主管Sales Admin. Manager/Supervisor销售行政专员/助理Sales Admin. Executive/Assistant商务经理Business Manager商务主管/专员Business Supervisor/Executive商务助理Business Assistant销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee其他Others客服及技术支持Customer Service and Technical Support客服总监（非技术）Customer Service Director客服经理（非技术）Customer Service Manager客服主管（非技术）Customer Service Supervisor客服专员/助理（非技术）Customer Service Executive/Assistant 售前/售后技术支持经理Technical Support Manager售前/售后技术支持主管Technical Support Supervisor售前/售后技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer咨询热线/呼叫中心服务人员Customer Hot Line/Call Center Staff 其他Others财务/审计/税务Finance/Accounting/Audit/Tax首席财务官CFO Chief Financial Officer CFO财务总监Finance Director财务经理Finance Manager财务顾问Finance Consultant财务主管/总帐主管Finance Supervisor会计经理/会计主管Accounting Manager/Supervisor会计Accountant / Accounting Trainee出纳员Cashier财务/会计助理Finance/Accounting Assistant财务分析经理/主管Financial Analysis Manager/Supervisor财务分析员Financial Analyst成本经理/成本主管Cost Accounting Manager/Supervisor成本管理员Cost Accounting Specialist审计经理/主管Audit Manager/Supervisor审计专员/助理Audit Executive/Assistant税务经理/税务主管Tax Manager/Supervisor税务专员/助理Tax Executive/Assistant统计员Statistician其他Others证券/金融/投资Securities/Finance/Investment证券/期货/外汇经纪人Securities Broker证券分析师Securities Analyst股票/期货操盘手Stocks/Futures Operator金融/经济研究员Financial Analyst/Economist投资/基金项目经理Investment Manager/Fund Manager投资/理财顾问Investment/Financial Management Advisor投资银行业务Investment Banking Specialist融资经理/融资主管Treasury Manager/Supervisor融资专员Treasury Specialist拍卖师Auction其他Others银行Banks行长/副行长President/Vice-President/Branch Manager资产评估/分析Assets Valuation/Analyst风险控制Risk Management信贷管理/信用调查/分析人员Loan/Credit Officer进出口/信用证结算Trading / LC Officer外汇交易Foreign Exchange清算人员Settlement Officer高级客户经理/客户经理Senior Relationship Manager客户主管/专员Relationship Supervisor/Executive银行柜员Bank Teller银行卡、电子银行业务推广Credit Card/E-banking business Develop 其他Others保险Insurance保险精算师Actuary保险产品开发/项目策划Product Development/Planner保险业务经理/主管Business Manager/Supervisor保险代理/经纪人/客户经理Agent/Broker/Account Manager理财顾问/财务规划师Financial Advisor/Financial Planner储备经理人Agency Management Associate保险核保Underwriting保险理赔Claim Management保险客户服务/续期管理Customer Service保险培训师Trainer保险内勤Staff其他Others生产/营运Manufacturing/Operation工厂经理/厂长Plant/Factory Manager总工程师/副总工程师Chief Engineer项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目工程师Project Engineer营运经理Operations Manager营运主管Operations Supervisor生产经理/车间主任Production Manager/Workshop Supervisor生产计划协调员Production Planning Executive/Officer生产主管/督导/领班Production Supervisor/Team Leader化验员Laboratory Technician其他Others质量/安全管理Quality/Safety Management质量管理/测试经理(QA/QC经理) QA/QC Manager质量管理/测试主管(QA/QC主管) QA/QC Supervisor质量管理/测试工程师(QA/QC工程师) QA/QC Engineer质量检验员/测试员Quality Inspector/Tester可靠度工程师Reliability Engineer故障分析工程师Failure Analysis Engineer认证工程师/审核员Certification Engineer/Auditor体系工程师/审核员Systems Engineer/Auditor安全/健康/环境经理/主管Safety/Health/Environmental Manager/Supervisor 安全/健康/环境工程师Safety/Health/Environmental Engineer供应商管理Supplier/Vendor Management采购材料、设备质量管理Supplies & Equipment Quality Management 其他Others工程/机械/能源Engineering/Mechanical/Energy技术研发经理/主管Technical Design Mgr./Spvr.技术研发工程师Technical Design Engineer产品工艺/制程工程师Process Engineer产品规划工程师Product Planing Engineer实验室负责人/工程师Lab Manager/Engineer工程/设备经理Engineering/Facility Manager工程/设备主管Engineering/Facility Supervisor工程/设备工程师Engineering/Facility Engineer工程/机械绘图员Project Drafting Specialist/Mechanical Drawing工业工程师Industrial Engineer机械工程师Mechanical Engineer结构工程师Structrual Engineer模具工程师Tooling Engineer机电工程师Electrical& Mechanical Engineer维修工程师Maintenance Engineer铸造/锻造工程师Casting/Forging Engineer注塑工程师Injection Engineer焊接工程师Welding Engineer夹具工程师Clamp EngineerCNC工程师CNC Engineer冲压工程师Punch Engineer锅炉工程师Boiler Engineer电力工程师/技术员Electric Power Engineer光源与照明工程Lighting Engineer汽车/摩托车工程师Automotive Engineer船舶工程师Shipping Engineer飞行器设计与制造Aircraft Design & Manufacture其他Others技工Technician / Engineer Trainee技工Technician / Engineer Trainee钳工/机修工/钣金工Locksmith/Mechanic/Repairer电焊工/铆焊工Electric Welding Worker车工/磨工/铣工/冲压工/锣工Latheman/Grinder/Miller/Puncher/Turner 模具工Mould Worker电工Electrician叉车工Forklift Worker空调工/电梯工/锅炉工Air-Condition Worker/Lift Worker/Steam Worker 水工/木工/油漆工Plumber/Carpenter/Painter普工General Worker裁剪车缝熨烫Tailor汽车修理工Auto Repairing其他Others服装/纺织/皮革Apparels/Textiles/Leather Goods服装/纺织设计Fashion/Textiles Designer面料辅料开发Fabric/Accessories Development面料辅料采购Fabric/Accessories Purchasing服装/纺织/皮革跟单Apparels/Textiles/Leather Goods Merchandiser质量管理/验货员(QA/QC) Quality Management QA/QC板房/楦头/底格出格师Shoe Tree Design服装打样/制版Apparels Sample Production纸样师/车板工Paper Sample裁床Cut Bed其他Others采购Purchasing采购总监Purchasing Director采购经理Purchasing Manager采购主管Purchasing Supervisor采购员Purchasing Specialist/Staff采购助理Purchasing Assistant 选址拓展Location Development。
世贸组织现代服务业分类
世贸组织现代服务业分类SERVICES SECTORAL CLASSIFICATION LISTNote by the SecretariatThe secretariat indicated in its informal note containing the draft classification list (24 May 1991) that it would prepare a revised version based on comments from participants. The attached list incorporates, to the extent possible, such comments. It could, of course, be subject to further modification in the light of developments in the services negotiations and ongoing work elsewhere._______________SERVICES SECTORAL CLASSIFICATION LIST SECTORS AND SUB-SECTORS CORRESPONDING CPC1. BUSINESS SERVICES Section BA. Professional Servicesa. Legal Servicesb. Accounting, auditing and bookeeping servicesc. Taxation Services 863d. Architectural services 8671e. Engineering services 8672f. Integrated engineering services 8673g. Urban planning and landscape 8674architectural servicesh. Medical and dental services 9312i. Veterinary services 932j. Services provided by midwives, nurses,physiotherapists and para-medical personnel 93191k. OtherB. Computer and Related Servicesa. Consultancy services related to the 841installation of computer hardwareb. Software implementation services 842c. Data processing services 843d. Data base services 844e. Other 845+849C. Research and Development Servicesa. R&D services on natural sciences 851b. R&D services on social sciences and humanitiesc. Interdisciplinary R&D services 853D. Real Estate Servicesa. Involving own or leased property 821b. On a fee or contract basis 822E. Rental/Leasing Services without Operatorsa. Relating to ships 83103b. Relating to aircraft 83104c. Relating to other transport equipment 83101+83102+d. Relating to other machinery and equipment 83106-83109e. Other 832F. Other Business Servicesa. Advertising services 871b. Market research and public opinion 864polling servicesc. Management consulting service 865d. Services related to man. consulting 866e. Technical testing and analysis serv. 8676f. Services incidental to agriculture, hunting and 881 forestryg. Services incidental to fishing 882h. Services incidental to mining 883+5115i. Services incidental to manufacturing 884+885 (except for 88442)j. Services incidental to energy distribution 887k. Placement and supply services of Personnel 872l. Investigation and security 873m. Related scientific and technical consulting 8675 servicesn. Maintenance and repair of equipment(not including maritime vessels, aircraftor other transport equipment) 8861-8866o. Building-cleaning services 874p. Photographic services 875q. Packaging services 876r. Printing, publishing 88442s. Convention services 87909*t. Other 87902. COMMUNICATION SERVICESA. Postal services 7511B. Courier services 7512C. Telecommunication servicesa. Voice telephone services 7521b. Packet-switched data transmission services 7523**c. Circuit-switched data transmission services 7523***The (*) indicates that the service specified is a component of a more aggregated CPC item specified elsewhere in this classification list.**The (**) indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance (e.g. voice mail is only a component of CPC item 7523).d. Telex services 7523**e. Telegraph services 7522f. Facsimile services 7521**+7529**g. Private leased circuit services 7522**+7523**h. Electronic mail 7523**i. Voice mail 7523**j. On-line information and data base retrieval 7523**k. electronic data interchange (EDI) 7523**l. enhanced/value-added facsimile services, incl. 7523** store and forward, store and retrievem. code and protocol conversion n.a.n. on-line information and/or dataprocessing (incl.transaction processing) 843**o. otherD. Audiovisual servicesa. Motion picture and video tape production and 9611distribution servicesb. Motion picture projection service 9612c. Radio and television services 9613d. Radio and television transmission services 7524e. Sound recording n.a.f. OtherE. Other3. CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICESA. General construction work for buildings 512B. General construction work for civil engineering 513C. Installation and assembly work 514+516D. Building completion and finishing work 517E. Other 511+515+5184. DISTRIBUTION SERVICESA. Commission agents' services 621B. Wholesale trade services 622C. Retailing services 631+6326111+6113+6121D. Franchising 8929E. Other5. EDUCATIONAL SERVICESA. Primary education services 921B. Secondary education services 922C. Higher education services 923D. Adult education 924E. Other education services 9296. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESA. Sewage services 9401B. Refuse disposal services 9402C. Sanitation and similar services 9403D. Other7. FINANCIAL SERVICESA. All insurance and insurance-related services 812**a. Life, accident and health insurance services 8121b. Non-life insurance services 8129c. Reinsurance and retrocession 81299*d. Services auxiliary to insurance (including broking and agency services) 8140B. Banking and other financial services(excl. insurance)a. Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the publicb. Lending of all types, incl., inter alia, consumer 8113 credit, mortgage credit, factoring and financing of commercial transactionc. Financial leasing 8112d. All payment and money transmission services 81339**e. Guarantees and commitments 81199**f. Trading for own account or for account of customers,whether on an exchange, in an over-the-countermarket or otherwise, the following:- money market instruments (cheques, bills, 81339** certificate of deposits, etc.)- foreign exchange 81333- derivative products incl., but not limited to, 81339** futures and options- exchange rate and interest rate instruments, 81339**inclu. products such as swaps, forward rate agreements, etc.- transferable securities 81321*- other negotiable instruments and financial 81339** assets, incl. bulliong. Participation in issues of all kinds of 8132securities, incl. under-writing and placementas agent (whether publicly or privately) andprovision of service related to such issuesh. Money broking 81339**i. Asset management, such as cash or portfolio 8119+**management, all forms of collective 81323*investment management, pension fundmanagement, custodial depository andtrust servicesj. Settlement and clearing services for financial 81339** assets, incl. securities, derivative products, or 81319** and other negotiable instrumentsk. Advisory and other auxiliary financial 8131 services on all the activities listed in or 8133Article 1B of MTN.TNC/W/50, incl. creditreference and analysis, investment andportfolio research and advice, advice onacquisitions and on corporate restructuring and strategyl. Provision and transfer of financial information, 8131 and financial data processing and relatedsoftware by providers of other financial servicesC. Other8. HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES(other than those listed under 1.A.h-j.)A. Hospital services 9311B. Other Human Health Services 9319(other than 93191)C. Social Services 933D. Other9. TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICESA. Hotels and restaurants (incl. catering) 641-643B. Travel agencies and tour operators services 7471C. Tourist guides services 7472D. Other10. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES (other than audiovisual services)A. Entertainment services (including theatre, livebands and circus services) 9619B. News agency services 962C. Libraries, archives, museums and othercultural services 963D. Sporting and other recreational services 964E. Other11. TRANSPORT SERVICESA. Maritime Transport Servicesa. Passenger transportation 7211b. Freight transportation 7212c. Rental of vessels with crew 7213d. Maintenance and repair of vessels 8868**e. Pushing and towing services 7214f. Supporting services for maritime transport 745**B. Internal Waterways Transporta. Passenger transportation 7221b. Freight transportation 7222c. Rental of vessels with crew 7223d. Maintenance and repair of vessels 8868**e. Pushing and towing services 7224f. Supporting services for internal waterway 745**transportC. Air Transport Servicesa. Passenger transportation 731b. Freight transportation 732c. Rental of aircraft with crew 734d. Maintenance and repair of aircraft 8868**e. Supporting services for air transport 746D. Space Transport 733E. Rail Transport Servicesa. Passenger transportation 7111b. Freight transportation 7112c. Pushing and towing services 7113d. Maintenance and repair of rail transport equipmente. Supporting services for rail transport services 743F. Road Transport Servicesa. Passenger transportation 7121+7122b. Freight transportation 7123c. Rental of commercial vehicles with operator 7124d. Maintenance and repair of road transport 6112+8867equipmente. Supporting services for road transport services 744G. Pipeline Transporta. Transportation of fuels 7131b. Transportation of other goods 7139H. Services auxiliary to all modes of transporta. Cargo-handling services 741b. Storage and warehouse services 742c. Freight transport agency services 748d. Other 749I. Other Transport Services12. OTHER SERVICES NOT INCLUDED ELSEWHERE 95+97+98+99I.世贸组织现代服务业分类.DOC 的翻译世界贸易组织限制MTN.GNS/W/1201991年7⽉10⽇（98-0000）特约经销服务部门分类表秘书处的说明该秘书处在其⾮正式与会者说明，载有分类表草案（1991年5⽉24⽇）表⽰，将编写⼀份修订意见的基础上从版本。
Overdraft management device, financial service sys
专利名称：Overdraft management device, financial service system, withdrawable amountsetting method and program发明人：村上 雅春,藤原 晴美,堀江 寿志申请号：JP2013159942申请日：20130731公开号：JP6141717B2公开日：20170607专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a necessary amount of operating funds when a company or the like needs it and reduce a burden of the company or the like required for a procedure.SOLUTION: An overdraft management device includes: a collateral information acquisition unit that acquires the amount of claims of electronically recorded monetary claims as the collateral; a collateral value acquisition unit that acquires a collateral value of the electronically recorded monetary claims on the basis of the amount of claims acquired by the collateral information acquisition unit; an account balance acquisition unit that acquires an account balance of a loan object person; and a withdrawable amount setting unit that sets the total sum of the account balance acquired by the account balance acquisition unit and the collateral value acquired by the collateral value acquisition unit as a withdrawable amount from the account of the loan object person.申请人：株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・データ四国地址：愛媛県松山市三番町４丁目９番地６国籍：JP代理人：特許業務法人 志賀国際特許事務所更多信息请下载全文后查看。
金融专业英语名词
Financial MarketsFinancial market金融市场: A financial market is a market in which people and entities can trade financial securities, commodities and other fungible items of value at low transaction costs and at prices that reflects supply and demand.International financial market国际金融市场: A financial market that involves participants all over the world.(查不到自己编的，请慎重考虑)Direct financing直接融资: An investor purchases the securities issued by ultimate borrowers (i.e. without intermediaries).Indirect financing间接融资: Indirect financing is where borrowers borrow funds from the financial market through indirect means, such as through a financial intermediary.Money market货币市场: Money market is a component of financial market for assets involved in short-term borrowing, lending, buying and selling with ORIGINAL maturities of one year or less. Capital market资本市场: Capital market provides for the buying and selling of long-term(over 1 year) debts or equity-backed securities.Foreign exchange market (or currency market)外汇市场: Foreign exchange market deals with the exchanges of different means of payment.Primary market一级市场: A primary market is a market in which new issues of a security (like a bond or a stock), are sold to initial buyers by the corporation or government agency borrowing the funds.Secondary market二级市场: A secondary market is where is where the sale of previously issued securities takes place.Exchange market交易所市场: It is a highly organized market where tradable securities, commodities, foreign exchanges, futures and option contracts are sold and bought.OTC market柜台市场: over-the-counter market. A decentralized market of securities not listed on an exchange where market participants trade over the telephone, facsimile or electronic network instead of a physical trading floor.Technical analysis技术分析: It is the art of deducing probable future trend from historical records of stock trading. (the study of the stock market itself rather than external factors) Fundamental analysis基本面分析或基础分析: It examines all relevant factors affecting the stock price in order to determine an intrinsic value for that stock.The top-down approach or Economy-Industry-Company(EIC) model自上而下法:1)select a country which could offer the investors better returns from other economies;2)select promising industries and companies in this country.The bottom-up or stock picking approach自下而上法: It is to find undervalued stocks regardless of the market and industry factors.Capital MarketBond债券: Bonds are securities that represent a debt owed by the issuer to the investor. They obligate the issuer to pay a specified amount at a given date.Government notes and bonds(Treasury bonds)国库券: They are issued to finance the national debt. Difference: notes have a original maturity of 1year to 10 years while bonds have a original maturity of 10-30 years. Note that they are free of default risk.Corporate bonds公司债券: Large corporations issue bonds in order to borrow funds for long periods of time. The bond indenture is a contract that states the lender’s rights and privileges andthe the borrower’s obligations.Stock股票: Shares of stock in the firm represent ownership.Outstanding stock流通股: The shares of a corporation’s stock that have been issued and are in the hands of the public.Mortgage loan抵押贷款: A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property.Foreign Exchange MarketExchange rate汇率: The ratio of two different currencies.Bills of exchange票据: They are financial documents that require the individual or business that is addressed in the document to pay a specified amount of money on a date that is cited in the document.Demand draft即期汇票: It is a check created by a merchant with a buyer’s checking account number on it, but without the buyer’s original signature.Bankers draft银行汇票: It is a check where the funds are taken directly from financial institutions rather than the individual drawer’s account.Foreign bond外国债务: A bond issued in a domestic market by a foreign entity, in the domestic market’s currency.Dividend check股利支票: A share of profits in the form of checks received by a stockholder. （查不到自己编的，请慎重考虑）Pension check养老金支票: A sum of money in the form of checks paid regularly as a retirement benefit or by way of patronage.(查不到自己编的，请慎重考虑。
金融财务常用英语术语
金融财务常用英语术语a flat percentage rate of income 统一比率的所得税税率.a long position 多头部位,利多形势.a long position 多头寸;买进的期货合同.a put option on a debt security 债务证券的卖出期权.a sales slip 签购单据,售货清单.a short position 空头部位,短缺头寸.a short position 空头;卖出的期货合同.a tax return 税务申报表.abnormal depreciation 特别折旧.abnormal spoilage 非正常损坏.aboriginal cost 原始成本.acceptance bank 票据承兑行acceptance method 承兑方式.acceptance risks 承兑风险.accepting bank 承兑银行accessory risks 附加保险,附加险.accident insurance 意外保险.(不包括海上,火灾和人寿保险). accommodation of funds 资金融通.accompany vt. 附带,伴随,陪同account charges 账户费用account current (A/C,a/c) 往来帐户account number (A/N) 帐号account statement 帐户清单accounting exposure 会计风险.accounting risks 会计风险.accounting value 帐面价值.accounts of assured 保险帐户.accrued bond interest 应计债券利息accrued depreciation 应计折旧.accrued dividend 应计股利acknowledgement of declaration (under op预约保险申报确认书. active securities 热头股票,活跃的证券actual cash value (保险用语)实际现金价值.actual rate 实际汇率adaptive expectations 适应性预期.additional insurance 加保,附加保险.additional reserve 追加准备金additional reserve 追加准备金additional reserve 追加准备金adjustable policy 可调整的保险单.adjustable premium 可调整的保险费.adjusted debit balance 已调整的借方余额advance payment of premium 预缴保险费.advance-decline theory 涨跌理论adverse exchange 逆汇,逆汇兑advice of drawing 提款通知书advising bank 通知银行affiliated bank 联行affiliated person 关联人aftermarket 次级市场agent for collection 托收代理银行Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行agricultural loans 农业贷款agricultural(animal husbandry)tax 农(牧)业税.allowance for doubtful debt 备抵呆帐款项allowance for doubtful debt 备抵呆帐款项allowance for doubtful debt 备抵呆帐款项alternative (either/or) order 选择指令American Express card 运通卡.American terms 美国标价法amount in figures 小写金额amount in words 大写金额annual membership dues 年费.application form for a banking account 银行开户申请书appointed bank 外汇指定银行appreciation of exchange rate 汇率升值arbitrage 套利arbitrage 套购,套利,套汇.arbitrage of exchange 套汇arbitrage of exchange or stock 套汇或套股.arbitrage opportunity 套价机会.arbitrage risks 套汇风险.as agent 做代理as principal 做自营Asian Development Fund (ADB) 亚洲开发银行ask price = asking price = offer price =出售价,报价,开价,出价ask-bid system 竞价系统assessment of loss 估损.assets insurance 资产保险.assignment of policy 保单转让.assumption of risk 承担风险.asymmetry 不对称.at owner's risk 风险由货主负担.at-the-close order 收盘指令at-the-market 按市价at-the-money 平值期权.at-the-opening (opening only) order 开盘指令auction marketplace 拍卖市场automated teller machines (24 hours a da自动取款机(24小时服务) automatic transfers between accounts 自动转帐average 平均数baby bond 小额债券back spreads 反套利.back wardation 现货溢价.balance n. 结余,差额,平衡bank balance 存款余额bank balance over required reserves 超出法定(必备)储备的银行存款余额bank deposit 银行存款Bank of China 中国银行Bank of Communications 交通银行bank of deposit 存款银行bank of the government 政府的银行banker's association 银行协会banker's bank 中央银行banker's guarantee 银行担保.bank's buying rate 银行买入价bank's selling rate 银行卖出价banks with business dealing with the cen中央银行的往来银行Barclay card 巴克莱银行信用卡.base rate 基本汇价basis order 基差订单.basis risk 基差风险.bear market 熊市bear operation 卖空行为bear raiders 大量抛空者beneficial owner 受益所有人beneficiary of insurance 保险金受益人. best-efforts offering 尽力推销(代销)发行bid and ask prices 买入和卖出价bid and ask spread 买卖差价bid price = buying price 买价bid-ask spread 递盘虚盘差价.big board 大行情牌big slump 大衰退(暴跌).bill-paying services 代付帐款black market 黑市black market financing 黑市筹资.black money 黑钱blanket mortgage 总括抵押.block positioner 大宗头寸商blowout 畅销blue-chip stocks 蓝筹股board of arbitration 仲裁委员会board of governors 理事会bond fund 债券基金borrowing from affiliates 向联营公司借款. borrowing power of securities 证券贷款能力borrowing risks 借款风险.bought deal 包销bread and butter business 基本业务breadth index 宽度指数break-even 不亏不盈,收支相抵.breakout 突破bridging finance 过渡性融资.broker 经纪人,掮客brokerage 经纪人佣金brokerage 经纪业;付给经纪人的佣金. brokerage firm 经纪商(号).broker's loan 经纪人贷款broking house 经纪人事务所building agreement 具有约束力的协定. building tax (tax on construction) 建筑税. bullish 行情看涨business insurance 企业保险.business risk 营业风险.business savings 企业储蓄business tax 营业税.business term loan 企业长期贷款bust-up risks 破产风险.buyer's risks 买方风险.call (option) 买方期权,看涨期权.call and put options 买入期权和卖出期权.call for funds 控股,集资call loan transaction 短期拆放往来.call market 活期存款市场call money 拆放款.call options on an equity 权益(证券)的买入期权. call-options 认购期权.cancellation 取消cancellation money 解约金.cap 带利率上限的期权.capital assets 资本资产.capital lease 资本租赁.capital market 信贷市场,资本市场capital resources 资本来源capital surplus 资本盈余capital transfer 资本转移capital turnover rate 资本周转率card issuing institution 发卡单位.carefully selected applicant 经仔细选定的申请人.cargo insurance 货物保险.cash 现金,现款.v.兑现,付现款.cash a cheque 支票兑现.cash account 现金帐户cash account 现金帐户.cash account 现金帐户cash advance 差旅预支款.cash against bill of lading 凭提单付现.cash against documents(C.A.D.) 凭单付现,凭单据付现金=document against cash.cash and carry 付现自运;现金交易和运输自理;现购自运商店.cash and carry wholesale 付现自运批发.cash assets 现金资产.cash audit 现金审核cash audit 现金审核,现金审计.cash balance 现金余额,现款结存.cash basis 现金制cash basis 现金制,现金基础.cash basis accounting 现金收付会计制cash basis accounting 现金收付会计制.cash before delivery(C.B.D.) 空货前付款,付款后交货,付现款交货.cash bonus 现金红利.cash book 现金簿;现金帐;现金出纳帐.cash boy 送款员.cash budget 现金预算cash budget 现金预算.cash card1 (银行)自动提款卡.cash card2 现金卡.cash claim 现金索赔.cash collection basis 收现法,收现制.cash credit 活期信用放款,现金付出.cash credit slip 现金支出传票.cash currency 现金通货.cash cycle 现金循环,现金周期.cash day 付款日.cash debit slip 现金收入传票.cash department (商业机构中的)出纳部=counting-house. cash deposit 现金存款;保证金.cash deposit as collateral 保证金,押金.cash desk (商店,饭馆的)付款处.cash disbursements 现金支出.cash discount (c.d.) 现金折扣,付现折扣=settlement discount. cash dispenser (美)自动提款机=cashomat.cash dividend 现金股利cash down 即付,付现.cash equivalent value 现金等值,现金相等价值.cash flow 资金流动cash flow 现金流动.cash flow stream 现金流(量).cash holdings 库存现金cash holdings 库存现金.cash in advance (c.i.a.) 预付现金.cash in bank 存银行现金,银行存款.cash in hand (商行的)手头现金,库存现金=cash on hand.cash in transit 在途现金,在运现金.cash in transit policy 现金运送保险单.cash in treasury 库存现金.cash invoice 现购发票.cash items 现金帐项,现金科目.cash journal 现金日记簿.cash liquidity 现金流动(情况);现金周转.cash loan 现金贷款.cash management services 现金管理业务cash market 现金交易市场,现货市场,付现市场.cash nexus 现金交易关系.cash on arrival 货到付现,货到付款.cash on bank 银行存款;银行付款;现金支票付款.cash on deliver (C.O.D) (英)交货付款,现款交货=collect on delivery. cash on delivery (COD) 交割付款cash order(C/O) 现金订货.cash paid book 现金支出簿.cash payment 现金支付cash payment 现金付款,现付.cash payments journal 现金支出日记帐.cash position 头寸cash position 现金状况,现金头寸.cash price 现金售价,现金付款价格.cash purchase 现购,现金购买.cash railway (商店中的)货款传送线.cash ratio 现金比率.cash receipts (CR) 现金收入.cash receipts journal 现金收入日记帐.cash records 现金记录.cash register 现金登记机,现金收入记录机,收银机.cash remittance 汇款单;解款单.cash remittance note 现金解款单,解款单.cash requirement 现金需要量.cash reserve 现金储备(金).cash resources 现金资源,现金来源.cash resources (reserves) 现金准备cash sale 现售,现金销售=sale by real cash.cash sale invoice 现销发票,现售发票.cash settlement 现金结算,现汇结算.cash short and over 现金尾差,清点现金余差;现金短溢.cash slip 现金传票.cash statement 现金报表,(现金)库存表.cash ticket 现销票,门市发票.cash transaction 现金交易.cash verification 现金核实,现金核查.cash voucher 现金凭单;现金收据.cash with order (c.w.o., C.W.O.) 订货时付款,订货付现,落单付现.cash without discount 付现无折扣.cash yield discount 现金获利率,现金收益率.cash-and-carry arbitrage 现货持有套利.cashier 出纳员,收支员.cashier's cheque (C.C.) 银行本票=cashier's order.central rate 中心汇率(一国货币对美元的汇率,并据此计算对其他货币的汇率) certificate of balance 存款凭单Certificate of Deposits (CDs) 大额定期存款单certificated security 实物证券certificates of deposit (CDs) 大面额存款单certifying bank 付款保证银行change hands 交换,换手.chartered bank 特许银行chattel 动产.chattel mortgage 动产抵押.chattel mortgage 动产抵押.chattel mortgage bond (美)动产抵押(公司)债券. chattel personal (私人)动产.chattel real 准不动产(土地权等).check certificate 检验证明书.check deposit 支票存款check list (核对用的)清单.check sheet 对帐单.checking account 支票帐户.checking deposits 支票存款,活期存款checking reserve 支票现金储备.checkstand (超级市场的)点货收款台.cheque (payable) to bearer 来人支票,不记名支票. cheque book 支票簿.cheque book stub 支票簿存根.cheque card 支票卡.cheque collection 支票兑取.cheque collector 支票兑取人.cheque crossed 划线支票.cheque crossed generally 普通划线支票. cheque crossed specially 特别划线支票.cheque deposit 支票存款.cheque drawer 支票出票人.cheque holder 支票执票人.cheque only for account 转帐支票.cheque payable at sight 见票即付支票.cheque protector 支票银码机.cheque rate 票据汇兑汇率,票汇价格=sight rate ,short rate. cheque register 支票登记簿.cheque returned 退票,退回的支票.cheque signer 支票签名机.cheque stub 支票存根.cheque to order 记名支票,指定人支票.China Investment Bank 中国投资银行circulation risks 流通风险.circulation tax (turnover tax) 流转税.city bank 城市银行claim a refound 索赔.clean collections 光票托收clearing bank 清算银行clearing house 清算所.clearinghouse 清算公司,票据交换所.close out 平仓,结清(账).closed and mortgage 闭口抵押.closing order 收市价订单.closing rate 收盘价closing transaction 平仓交易collar 带利率上下限的期权.collateral loan 抵押借款.collecting bank 托收银行collecting bank 托收银行collecting bank 代收行collection instructions 委托(托收的)单据collection items 托收业务,托收项目collection of trade charges 托收货款collection on clean bill 光票托收collection on documents 跟单托收collection order 托收委托书collection risk 托收风险collection risks 托收风险.collection service 托收服务collective-owned enterprise bonus tax 集体企业奖金税. collective-owned enterprise income tax 集体企业所得税. commercial and industrial loans 工商贷款commercial deposit 商业存款commercial paper 商业票据commercial paper house 经营商业票据的商号commercial risk 商业风险.commercial terms 商业条件.commission 佣金commodity futures 商品期货.commodity insurance 商品保险.common collateral 共同担保.common fund 共同基金common stock 普通股common trust fund 共同信托基金compensatory financing 补偿性融资.competitive risks 竞争风险.composite depreciation 综合折旧.compound interest 复利compound rate 复利率compound rate deposit 复利存款comprehensive insurance 综合保险. condominium 公寓私有共有方式. confirming bank 保兑银行congestion area 震荡区congestion tape 统一自动行情显示conservatism and liquidity 稳健性与流动性consortium bank 银团银行constructure risk 建设风险.consumer financing 消费融资. contingent risks 或有风险.contract money 合同保证金.contract size 合约容量.contracts of difference 差异合约. contractual value 合同价格.controlled rates 控制的汇率converge 集聚,(为共同利益而)结合一起. conversion 汇兑,兑换convertible currency 可兑换的货币cooling-off period 等待期cooperative financing 合作金融. cornering the market 操纵市场corners 垄断.corporate deposits 法人存款correspondent 代理行cost of maintenance 维修费.counter-inflation policy 反通货膨胀对策counter-inflation policy 反通货膨胀对策counter-inflation policy 反通货膨胀对策cover 弥补,补进(卖完的商品等).cover 弥补(损失等);负担(开支);补进(商品或股票等);保险. coverage 承保险别;保险总额;范围保险.coverage ratio 偿债能力比率.cover-note 暂保单;投保通知单.credit 信用,信贷.credit account (C.A., C/A) 赊帐=open account2credit agreement 信贷协定.credit amount 信贷金额;赊帐金额;信用证金额.credit analysis 信用分析.credit balance 贷方余额,结欠,贷余.credit bank 信贷银行credit beneficiary 信用证受益人.credit business 赊售,信用买卖.credit buying 赊购.credit capital 信贷资本.credit cards 信用卡credit control 信用控制credit control 信用控制credit control 信用控制credit control instrument 信用调节手段credit control instrument 信用调节手段credit control instrument 信用调节手段credit expansion 信用扩张credit expansion 信用扩张credit expansion 信用扩张credit extending policy 融资方针credit extending policy 融资方针credit extending policy 融资方针credit facility 信用透支.credit limit 信用额度.credit restriction 信用限额.credit risk 信用风险.credit union 信用合作社creditor bank 债权银行crop up (out) 出现,呈现.cross hedge 交叉套做.cross hedging 交叉保值.cum dividend 附息cum rights 含权cumulative preferred stock 累积优先股currency futures 外币期货.currency futures contract 货币期货合约. current fund 流动基金current futures price 现时的期货价格. current ratio 流动比率current ratio 流动比率current ratio 流动比率customize 按顾客的具体要求制作. customs duty(tariffs) 关税.D/D (Banker's Demand Draft) 票汇daily interest 日息daily limit 每日涨(跌)停板.date of delivery 交割期.dealers 批发商.death and gift tax 遗产和赠与税.debt of honour 信用借款.debtor bank 借方银行decision-making under risk 风险下的决策.deed 契约.deed tax 契税.deferred savings 定期存款deficit covering 弥补赤字deficit covering 弥补赤字deficit covering 弥补赤字deficit-covering finance 赤字财政deficit-covering finance 赤字财政deficit-covering finance 赤字财政deflation 通货紧缩deflation 通货紧缩deflation 通货紧缩delivery date 交割日demand pull inflation 需求拉动通货膨胀demand pull inflation 需求拉动通货膨胀demand pull inflation 需求拉动通货膨胀demand shift inflation 需求变动型通货膨胀demand shift inflation 需求变动型通货膨胀demand shift inflation 需求变动型通货膨胀demand-deposit or checking-accounts 活期存款或支票帐户deposit account 存款帐户deposit account (D/A) 存款帐户deposit at call 通知存款deposit bank 存款银行deposit money 存款货币deposit rate 存款利率deposit turnover 存款周转率depreciation risks 贬值风险. derivative deposit 派生存款derived deposit 派生存款designated currency 指定货币deutsche marks (=DM) 西德马克devaluation of dollar 美元贬值developer 发展商. Development Bank 开发银行development financing 发展融资. devise 遗赠.die intestate 死时没有遗嘱. Diners card 大莱信用卡.direct exchange 直接汇兑direct financing 直接融资.direct hedging 直接套做.direct leases 直接租赁.direct taxation 直接税.discount credit 贴现融资. discount market 贴现市场discount on bills 票据贴现. discount paid 已付贴现额. discounted cash flow 净现金量discounting bank 贴现银行dishonour risks 拒付风险. disintermediation 脱媒.distant futures 远期期货. diversification 分散投资dividends 红利document of title 物权单据documentary collection 跟单托收Documents against Acceptance,D/A 承兑交单Documents against Payment,D/P 付款交单domestic correspondent 国内通汇银行domestic deposit 国内存款domestic exchange 国内汇兑double leasing 双重租赁.double mortgage 双重抵押.double option 双向期权.Dow Jones average 道·琼斯平均数down payment 首期.downgrade 降级downside 下降趋势.downtick 跌点交易Dragon card 龙卡.draw 提款draw cheque 签发票据.drawee bank 付款银行drawing account 提款帐户dual exchange market 双重外汇市场dual trading 双重交易.due from other funds 应收其他基金款due to other funds 应付其他基金款dumping 抛售early warning system 预警系统easy credit 放松信贷easy credit 放松信贷easy credit 放松信贷economic exposure 经济风险.efficient portfolio 有效证券组合electronic accounting machine 电子记帐机electronic cash 电子现金.electronic cash register 电子收款机electronic debts 电子借贷electronic funds transfer 电子资金转帐. electronic transfer 电子转帐emergency tariff 非常关税.encumbrance 债权(在不动产上设定的债权). endorsement for collection 托收背书. engage in arbitrage (to) 套汇entity n. 单位,整体,个体entrance fee 申请费.equalization fund (外汇)平衡基金equipment leasing services 设备租赁业务equity portfolio 股票资产.establishing bank 开证银行ethics risks 道德风险.Euro-bank 欧洲银行Eurocard 欧洲系统卡.European terms 欧洲标价法evaluation of property 房产估价.evasion of foreign currency 逃汇exception clause 免责条款.excess insurance 超额保险.exchange adjustment 汇率调整exchange alteration 更改汇率exchange arbitrage 外汇套利exchange bank 外汇银行exchange brokerage 外汇经纪人佣金exchange business 外汇业务exchange clearing agreement 外汇结算协定exchange clearing system 汇结算制exchange competition 外汇竞争exchange contract 外汇成交单exchange control 外汇管制exchange convertibility 外汇兑换exchange customs 交易所惯例exchange depreciation 外汇下降exchange dumping 汇率倾销exchange dumping 汇率倾销.exchange fluctuations 汇价变动exchange for forward delivery 远期外汇业务exchange for spot delivery 即期外汇业务exchange freedom 外汇自由兑换exchange loss 汇率损失exchange parity 外汇平价exchange position 外汇头寸exchange position 外汇头寸;外汇动态. exchange premium 外汇升水exchange profit 外汇利润exchange proviso clause 外汇保值条款exchange quota system 外汇配额制exchange rate 汇价exchange rate fluctuations 外汇汇价的波动exchange rate parity 外汇兑换的固定汇率exchange rate risks 外汇汇率风险.exchange restrictions 外汇限制exchange risk 外汇风险exchange risk 兑换风险.exchange settlement 结汇exchange speculation 外汇投机exchange stability 汇率稳定exchange surrender certificate 外汇移转证exchange transactions 外汇交易exchange value 外汇价值exchange war 外汇战excise 货物税,消费税.exercise date 执行日exercise price, striking price 履约价格,认购价格. expenditure tax 支出税.expenditure tax regime 支出税税制.expenses incurred in the purchase 购买物业开支.。
《金融服务》课件
Increased Competition and Consolidation
竞争加剧和兼并。
Cybersecurity Risks and Fraud
网络安全风险和欺诈。
Rapidly Changing Technology and Consumer Preferences
迅速变化的科技和消费者偏好。
Financial Services
为个人和企业提供资本、 促进经济增长和发展、保 护个人和企业免受金融风 险、便利的金融规划和管 理
4 Challenges Facing the Financial
Services Industry
竞争加剧和兼并、迅速变化的科技和消费者 偏好、网络安全风险和欺诈、监管和合规挑 战
Regulation and Compliance Challenges
监管和合规挑战。
Conclusion
1 Summary of Key
Points
重点总结。
2 Future Trends and
Opportunities
金融服务行业的未来趋势 和机遇。
3 Q&A Session
问答环节。
《金融服务》PPT课件
金融服务是指提供金融资本、金融咨询、金融工具等方面的服务，是现代社 会中不可或缺的重要部分。
金融服务PPT课件大纲
1 Introduction
定义金融服务的含义
2 Types of Financial
Services
银行服务、投资服务、保 险服务、金融规划和咨询 服务
3 Benefits of
1 Access to Capital
为个人和企业提供资金来源。
财务共享服务中心风险管理研究——以西门子公司为例
目录摘要 (2)Abstract (3)一、引言 (4)(一) 研究目的和意义 (4)(二) 文献综述 (4)二、财务共享服务的相关理论 (5)(一) 财务共享服务的概念 (5)(二) 财务共享的特点 (6)三、财务共享服务的发展现状 (7)四、西门子财务共享服务中心运行情况 (8)(一) 西门子公司简介 (8)(二) 西门子财务共享服务中心的建立 (8)(三) 西门子财务共享服务中心的运行模式 (9)(四) 西门子公司建立财务共享服务中心的意义 (11)五、西门子财务共享服务中心存在的风险管理问题分析 (11)(一) 财务架构与发展不相适应 (11)(二) 信息沟通不及时的风险 (11)(三) 人员转型的风险 (11)(四) 流程管理风险 (12)六、西门子共享服务进一步完善的思路 (12)(一) 加强业务流程管理 (12)(二) 优化信息系统 (13)(三) 加强团队建设 (13)(四) 完善评估机制 (13)七、结论 (14)参考文献 (15)致谢................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
财务共享服务中心风险管理研究——以西门子公司为例摘要在信息技术迅猛发展，以及经济全球化影响逐渐加深的经济背景下，各个企业的市场竞争愈趋激烈。
在这个大环境下，财务共享服务体系应运而生，它的出现满足了企业全球化、精益化管理，以及提高工作效率的需求，为企业变革转型贡献一份力，备受企业的青睐。
由于该项技术属于新的财务管理模式，其各方面仍然存在许多风险问题。
本文在前人研究基础上，采用案例分析法与规范研究方法，先对财务共享服务的概念与信息化的技术，专业化的服务、标准化的流程三个特点进行阐述。
再以西门子作为例子，分析研究其财务共享系统的组织结构，工作流程，结合市场环境，找到存在的四个风险问题：财务架构与发展不相适应、信息沟通不及时、人员转型、流程管理。
Financial Service Review
Debentures are generally freely transferable by the debenture holder. Debenture holders have no voting rights and the interest paid to them is irrespective of the availability of profits. In the United Kingdom a debenture is usually secured
usiness decision, ordinary shareholders have right to vote Preference shareholders receive the fixed dividends, but the ordinary shareholders receive the dividends depending on the company performance. If the company dose not have profit, ordinary shareholders will not have dividends; if the company have profit second year, the company will compensate the preference shareholders The company would compensate the preference shareholders before the ordinary shareholders when the company goes broke
Other Loan Stock
常用职称职位中英文对照(做名片时很有用)
ERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant数据库工程师/管理员Database Engineer/Administrator营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网络管理员System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production策划/编辑Web Planner/Editor信息技术经理/主管IT Manager/Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist通信技术工程师munications Engineer数据安全工程师Information Security Engineer系统集成/支持System Integration/Support智能大厦/综合布线Intelligent Building/Structure Cabling首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager项目经理Project Manager项目主管Project Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Pr
公司各部门英文缩写
公司各部门英文缩写总公司 Head Office分公司 Branch Office营业部 Business Office人事部 Personnel Department人力资源部 Human Resources Department总务部 General Affairs Department财务部 General Accounting Department销售部 Sales Department促销部 Sales Promotion Department国际部 International Department出口部 Export Department进口部 Import Department公共关系 Public Relations Department广告部 Advertising Department企划部 Planning Department产品开发部 Product Development Department研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D) 秘书室 Secretarial Pool采购部 Purchasing Department工程部 Engineering Department行政部 Admin. Department人力资源部 HR Department市场部 Marketing Department技术部 Technolog Department客服部 Service Department行政部: Administration财务部 Financial Department总经理室、Direcotor, or President副总经理室、Deputy Director, or Vice president总经办、General Deparment采购部、Purchase & Order Department工程部、Engineering Deparment研发部、Research Deparment生产部、Productive Department销售部、Sales Deparment广东业务部、GD Branch Deparment无线事业部、Wireless Industry Department拓展部 Business Expending Department物供部、Supply Department业务拓展部B＆D business and development市场部Marketing销售部Sales人力资源部HRD会计部Account公共关系部PR people relationship办公室OFC (Office, 但不常见) / OMB = Office of Management and Budget财务部 Finance市场部MKTG (Marketing) 市场部研发部R&D (Research & Development)产品部MFG (Manufacturing)管理部Administration Dept.采购部Purchasing Dept总经理办公室Chairman/President Office // Gerneral Manager office or GM office监事会Monitor & Support Department战略研究部Strategy Research外销部： Overseas Department,International Sales Section,Export Section财务科:Financial/Fiscal Department党支部:Communist Party Office会议室:Meeting Room/Hall/Auditorium,或Conference Hall/Auditorium或直接Auditorium, 视其大小而定了。
财务的英文
财务的英文财务的英文 1.finance2.financing3.[会计] financial affairsfinance常见用法n.财政; 金融; 财源; 资金vt.为…供给资金，从事金融活动; 赊货给…; 掌握财政;1. the finance minister will continue to mastermind poland's economic reform.财政部长将继续策划波兰的经济改革。
2. the scheme offers seed corn finance with loans at only 4% interest.该方案提供种子基金融资，其贷款只收取4%的利息。
3. foreign office officials assisted with transport and finance problems.外交部官员帮助解决运输和经费问题。
4. he majored in finance at claremont men's college in california.他在加利福尼亚州的克莱尔蒙特男子学院主修金融专业。
5. the united states was tops in finance and services.美国在金融业与服务业方面无可匹敌。
6. the finance minister has renewed his call for lowerinterest rates.财政部长再次呼吁降低利率。
7. finance ministers are meeting today in brussels with britain in the chair.财政部部长们今天在布鲁塞尔碰头，会议由英国主持。
8. neither anna nor i are interested in high finance.安娜和我对巨额融资都不感兴趣。
9. "but finance is far more serious." — "well i don't know really."“但是财政更加困难了。
关于财务管理的英文单词
记帐:Bookkeeping Service 对帐:Auditing Service 联行:Associated Banks Service 或Affiliated Banks Service(我还是不明白这与5有何区别,但Associated和Affiliated不是动词原形,是形容词)代理业务: Agency Service 银行卡接柜:Inter-Bank Bankcard Business Service 现金审批:Cash Approval Service 开销户: Account Opening/Closing Service 开户的标牌还可以用:New Account/New Clientbig macs, big/large-cap stock, mega-issue 大盘股offering, list 上市bourse 证交所Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所pension fund 养老基金share 股票valuation 股价underwriter 保险商government bond 政府债券saving account 储蓄账户equity market 股市shareholder 股东delist 摘牌inventory 存货traded company, trading enterprise 上市公司market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-control machinery 安全顾问efficient market 有效市场opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假账regulatory system 监管体系portfolio 投资组合money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动diversification 多元化real estate 房地产option 期权call option 看涨期权put option 看跌期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会dollar standard 美元本位制budget 预算deficit 赤字bad debt 坏账macroeconomic 宏观经济fiscal stimulus 财政刺激a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币forward exchange 期货交易intervention currency 干预货币Treasury bond 财政部公债pickup in price 物价上涨Federal Reserve 美联储inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreign exchange 外汇spot transaction 即期交易forward transaction 远期交易quote 报价常见银行英语词汇account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)business 企业商业业务financial risk 财务风险sole proprietorship 私人业主制企业partnership 合伙制企业limited partner 有限责任合伙人general partner 一般合伙人separation of ownership and control 所有权与经营权分离claim 要求主张要求权management buyout 管理层收购tender offer 要约收购financial standards 财务准则initial public offering 首次公开发行股票private corporation 私募公司未上市公司closely held corporation 控股公司board of directors 董事会executove director 执行董事non- executove director 非执行董事chairperson 主席controller 主计长treasurer 司库revenue 收入profit 利润earnings per share 每股盈余return 回报market share 市场份额social good 社会福利financial distress 财务困境stakeholder theory 利益相关者理论value (wealth) maximization 价值（财富）最大化common stockholder 普通股股东preferred stockholder 优先股股东debt holder 债权人well-being 福利diversity 多样化going concern 持续的agency problem 代理问题free-riding problem 搭便车问题information asymmetry 信息不对称retail investor 散户投资者institutional investor 机构投资者agency relationship 代理关系net present value 净现值creative accounting 创造性会计stock option 股票期权agency cost 代理成本bonding cost 契约成本monitoring costs 监督成本takeover 接管corporate annual reports 公司年报balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 利润表statement of cash flows 现金流量表statement of retained earnings 留存收益表fair market value 公允市场价值marketable securities 油价证券check 支票money order 拨款但、汇款单withdrawal 提款accounts receivable 应收账款credit sale 赊销inventory 存货property,plant,and equipment 土地、厂房与设备depreciation 折旧accumulated depreciation 累计折旧liability 负债current liability 流动负债long-term liability 长期负债accounts payout 应付账款note payout 应付票据accrued espense 应计费用deferred tax 递延税款preferred stock 优先股common stock 普通股book value 账面价值capital surplus 资本盈余accumulated retained earnings 累计留存收益hybrid 混合金融工具treasury stock 库藏股historic cost 历史成本current market value 现行市场价值real estate 房地产outstanding 发行在外的a profit and loss statement 损益表net income 净利润operating income 经营收益earnings per share 每股收益simple capital structure 简单资本结构dilutive 冲减每股收益的basic earnings per share 基本每股收益complex capital structures 复杂的每股收益diluted earnings per share 稀释的每股收益convertible securities 可转换证券warrant 认股权证accrual accounting 应计制会计amortization 摊销accelerated methods 加速折旧法straight-line depreciation 直线折旧法statement of changes in shareholders’equity 股东权益变动表source of cash 现金来源use of cash 现金运用operating cash flows 经营现金流cash flow from operations 经营活动现金流direct method 直接法indirect method 间接法bottom-up approach 倒推法investing cash flows 投资现金流cash flow from investing 投资活动现金流joint venture 合资企业affiliate 分支机构financing cash flows 筹资现金流cash flows from financing 筹资活动现金流time value of money 货币时间价值simple interest 单利debt instrument 债务工具annuity 年金future value 终至present value 现值compound interest 复利compounding 复利计算pricipal 本金mortgage 抵押credit card 信用卡terminal value 终值discounting 折现计算discount rate 折现率opportunity cost 机会成本required rate of return 要求的报酬率cost of capital 资本成本ordinary annuity普通年金annuity due 先付年金financial ratio 财务比率 deferred annuity 递延年金restrictive covenants 限制性条款 perpetuity 永续年金bond indenture 债券契约 face value 面值financial analyst 财务分析师 coupon rate 息票利率liquidity ratio 流动性比率 nominal interest rate 名义利率current ratio 流动比率 effective interest rate 有效利率window dressing 账面粉饰 going-concern value 持续经营价值marketable securities 短期证券 liquidation value 清算价值quick ratio 速动比率 book value 账面价值cash ratio 现金比率 marker value 市场价值debt management ratios 债务管理比率 intrinsic value 内在价值debt ratio 债务比率 mispricing 给……错定价格debt-to-equity ratio 债务与权益比率 valuation approach 估价方法equity multiplier 权益乘 discounted cash flow valuation 折现现金流量模型long-term ratio 长期比率 undervaluation 低估debt-to-total-capital 债务与全部资本比率 overvaluation 高估leverage ratios 杠杆比率 option-pricing model 期权定价模型interest coverage ratio 利息保障比率 contingent claim valuation 或有要求权估价earnings before interest and taxes 息税前利润 promissory note 本票cash flow coverage ratio 现金流量保障比率 contractual provision 契约条款asset management ratios 资产管理比率 par value 票面价值accounts receivable turnover ratio 应收账款周转率 maturity value 到期价值inventory turnover ratio 存货周转率 coupon 息票利息inventory processing period 存货周转期 coupon payment 息票利息支付accounts payable turnover ratio 应付账款周转率coupon interest rate 息票利率cash conversion cycle 现金周转期 maturity 到期日asset turnover ratio 资产周转率 term to maturity 到期时间profitability ratio 盈利比率 call provision赎回条款gross profit margin 毛利润 call price 赎回价格operating profit margin 经营利润 sinking fund provision 偿债基金条款net profit margin 净利润 conversion right 转换权return on asset 资产收益率 put provision 卖出条款return on total equity ratio 全部权益报酬率 indenture 债务契约return on common equity 普通权益报酬率 covenant 条款market-to-book value ratio 市场价值与账面价值比率 trustee 托管人market value ratios 市场价值比率 protective covenant 保护性条款dividend yield 股利收益率 negative covenant 消极条款dividend payout 股利支付率 positive covenant 积极条款financial statement财务报表 secured deht担保借款profitability 盈利能力 unsecured deht信用借款viability 生存能力 creditworthiness 信誉solvency 偿付能力 collateral 抵押品collateral trust bonds 抵押信托契约 debenture 信用债券bond rating 债券评级current yield 现行收益yield to maturity 到期收益率default risk 违约风险interest rate risk 利息率风险authorized shares 授权股outstanding shares 发行股treasury share 库藏股repurchase 回购right to proxy 代理权right to vote 投票权independent auditor 独立审计师straight or majority voting 多数投票制cumulative voting 积累投票制liquidation 清算right to transfer ownership 所有权转移权preemptive right 优先认股权dividend discount model 股利折现模型capital asset pricing model 资本资产定价模型constant growth model 固定增长率模型growth perpetuity 增长年金mortgage bonds 抵押债券。
银行产品手册中英文对照版
银行产品手册中英文对照版(总48页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除xx银行Xxxx Bank公司金融服务Corporate Banking Service走近xx银行A Snapshot of xxxx bank雄厚的资产实力Assets Strengthxx银行是xxxx年经中国人民银行批准设立、xxxx年开业、xxxx年在上海证券交易所挂牌上市的股份制商业银行，总行设在xx。
目前，注册资本金xxxx亿元，总资产规模达xxxx亿元人民币（。
良好的业绩、诚信的声誉，使xx银行成为中国证券市场中备受关注和尊敬的上市公司。
The Shanghai-based Xxxx Bank, a joint-stock commercial bank approved by the People’s Bank of China on xxxx, started businesses on xxxx, and was listed in the Shanghai Stock Exchange in xxxx. Its registered capital totaled RMB billion Yuan and total assets stood at RMB billionYuan.XXXXBank has earned respect and good fame in the domestic stock market on account of its outstanding performance and trustworthiness.诚信的企业文化Honest Corporate Culture自成立以来，xx银行一贯秉承“笃守诚信、创造卓越”的经营理念，致力于建设成为国际上较好的商业银行，为支持国民经济发展和社会进步贡献力量。
集团公司职位英语缩写
集团公司职位英语缩写GM(General Manager)总经理VP(Vice President)副总裁FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官CIO(Chief Information Officer)首席信息官HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监OD(Operations Director)运营总监MD(Marketing Director)市场总监OM(Operations Manager)运作经理PM(Production Manager)生产经理(Product Manager)产品经理Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Cashier 出纳员Buyer 采购员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济助究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员Export Sales Manager 外销部经理English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Staff 外销部职员F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外汇部职员Financial Controller 财务主任F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Financial Reporter 财务报告人General Auditor 审计长Fund Manager 财务经理General Manager/ President 总经理Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员General Manager Assistant 总经理助理Import Manager 进口部经理General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员Hardware Engineer (计算机)硬件工程师Interpreter 口语翻译International Sales Staff 国际销售员Legal Adviser 法律顾问Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Line Supervisor 生产线主管Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Management Consultant 管理顾问Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Manager 经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Market Analyst 市场分析员Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Marketing Assistant 销售助理Office Clerk 职员Marketing Executive 销售主管Operational Manager 业务经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Package Designer 包装设计师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Music Teacher 音乐教师Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Naval Architect 造船工程师Personnel Manager 人事部经理Office Assistant 办公室助理Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员Private Secretary 私人秘书Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Product Manager 生产部经理Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Production Engineer 产品工程师Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人Professional Staff 专业人员Regional Manger 地区经理Programmer 电脑程序设计师Research＆.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Project Staff (项目)策划人员Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Promotional Manager 推售部经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Proof-reader 校对员Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Sales Assistant 销售助理Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Service Manager 服务部经理Sales Engineer 销售工程师Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Sales Executive 销售主管Software Engineer (计算机)软件工程师Sales Manager 销售部经理Supervisor 监管员Salesperson 销售员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Seller Representative 销售代表Systems Engineer 系统工程师Sales Supervisor 销售监管Systems Operator 系统操作员School Registrar 学校注册主任T echnical Editor 技术编辑Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Technical Translator 技术翻译Secretary 秘书Technical Worker 技术工人Security Officer 安全人员T elecommunication Executive 电讯(电信)员Senior Accountant 高级会计Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Senior Employee 高级雇员Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Tourist Guide 导游Translation Checker 翻译核对员Trainee Manager 培训部经理Wordprocessor Operator 银行高级职员Translator 翻译员Typist 打字员公司英文标识总公司 Head Office分公司 Branch Office营业部 Business Office人事部 Personnel Department人力资源部Human Resources Department总务部 General Affairs Department财务部 General Accounting Department销售部 Sales Department促销部 Sales Promotion Department国际部 International Department出口部 Export Department进口部 Import Department公共关系 Public Relations Department广告部 Advertising Department企划部 Planning Department产品开发部 Product Development Department研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D) 秘书室Secretarial Pool世界500强企业名称中英对照（一）公司名称中文名称总部所在地主要业务1 Exxon Mobil 埃克森美孚美国炼油2 Wal-Mart Stores 沃尔玛商店美国零售3 General Motors 通用汽车美国汽车4 Ford Motor 福特汽车美国汽车5 DaimlerChrysler 戴姆勒克莱斯勒德国汽车6 Royal Dutch/Shell Group 皇家荷兰壳牌集团荷兰/英国炼油7 BP 英国石油英国炼油8 General Electric 通用电气美国电子电气9 Mitsubishi 三菱商事日本多样化10 Toyota Motor 丰田汽车日本汽车11 Mitsui 三井物产日本多样化12 Citigroup 花旗集团美国金融13 Itochu 伊藤忠商事日本多样化14 Total Fina Elf 道达尔菲纳埃尔夫法国炼油15 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone 日本电报电话日本电信16 Enron 安然美国能源17 AXA 安盛法国保险18 Sumitomo 住友商事日本多样化19 Intl. Business Machines 国际商用机器美国计算机20 Marubeni 丸红商事日本多样化21 Volkswagen 大众德国汽车22 Hitachi 日立日本电子电气23 Siemens 西门子德国电子电气24 Ing Group 荷兰国际集团荷兰保险25 Allianz 安联德国保险26 Matsushita Electric Industrial 松下电器日本电子电气27 E. ON 的德国多样化28 Nippon Life Insurance 日本生命日本保险29 Deutsche Bank 德意志银行德国银行30 Sony 索尼日本电子电气31 AT&T 美国电话电报美国电信32 Verizon Communications 弗莱森电讯美国电信33 U.S. Postal Service 美国邮政总局美国邮递包裹34 Philip Morris 菲利普莫里斯美国食品烟草35 CGNU 商联保险英国保险36 J.P. Morgan Chase 摩根大通银行美国银行37 Carrefour 家乐福法国零售38 Credit Suisse 瑞士信贷集团瑞士银行39 Nissho Iwai 日商岩井日本多样化40 Honda Motor 本田汽车日本汽车41 Bank of America Corp. 美洲银行美国银行42 BNP Paribas 法国巴黎银行法国银行43 Nissan Motor 日产汽车日本汽车44 Toshiba 东芝日本电子电气45 PDVSA 委内瑞拉石油委内瑞拉炼油46 Assicurazioni Generali 忠利保险意大利保险47 Fiat 菲亚特意大利汽车48 Mizuho Holdings 瑞穗控股日本银行49 SBC Communications 西南贝尔美国电信50 Boeing 波音美国航空航天51 Texaco 德士古美国炼油52 Fujitsu 富士通日本计算机53 Duke Energy 杜克能源美国电力煤气54 Kroger 克罗格美国零售55 NEC 日本电气公司日本电子电气56 Hewlett-Packard 惠普美国计算机57 HSBC Holdings 汇丰控股英国银行58 Koninklijke Ahold 的荷兰零售59 Nestlé雀巢瑞士食品60 Chevron 雪佛龙美国炼油61 State Farm Insurance Cos. 州立农业保险美国保险62 Tokyo Electric Power 东京电力日本电力煤气63 UBS 瑞士联合银行瑞士银行64 Dai-ichi Mutual Life Insurance 第一生命日本保险65 American International Group 美国国际集团美国保险66 Home Depot 家庭百货美国零售67 Morgan Stanley Dean Witter 摩根士丹利添惠美国证券经纪68 Sinopec 中国石化中国石油化工69 ENI 埃尼意大利炼油70 Merrill Lynch 美林美国证券经纪71 Fannie Mae 范妮梅美国金融72 Unilever 联合利华荷兰/英国食品73 Fortis 福尔蒂荷兰/比利时保险74 ABN AMRO Holding 荷兰银行荷兰银行75 Metro 麦德龙德国零售76 Prudential 保诚保险英国保险77 State Power Corporation 国家电力公司中国电力78 Rwe Group 莱茵集团德国电力煤气79 Compaq Computer 康柏电脑美国计算机80 Repsol YPF 莱普索尔西班牙炼油81 Pemex 墨西哥石油墨西哥原油82 McKesson HBOC 麦卡森美国零售83 China Petroleum 中国石油天然气中国炼油84 Lucent Technologies 朗讯科技美国电子电气85 Sears Roebuck 西尔斯罗巴克美国零售86 Peugeot 标致法国汽车87 Munich Re Group 慕尼黑再保险德国保险88 Merck 默克美国制药89 Procter & Gamble 宝洁美国家用化学品90 WorldCom 世界电讯美国电信91 Vivendi Universal 威望迪环球法国娱乐92 Samsung Electronics 三星电子韩国电子电气93 TIAA-CREF 美国教师退休基金会美国保险94 Deutsche Telekom 德国电信德国电信95 Motorola 摩托罗拉美国电子电气96 Sumitomo Life Insurance 住友生命日本保险97 Zurich Financial Services 苏黎士金融服务瑞士保险98 Mitsubishi Electric 三菱电机日本电子电气99 Renault 雷诺法国汽车100 Kmart 卡马特美国零售世界500强企业名称中英对照（二）公司名称中文名称总部所在地主要业务101 Target 塔吉特美国零售102 Albertson's 艾伯森美国零售103 Hyundai 现代韩国多样化104 Thyssen Krupp 蒂森克虏伯德国工农业设备105 Samsung 三星韩国多样化106 USX 美国钢铁马拉松美国炼油107 Royal Philips Electronics 皇家飞利浦电子荷兰电子电气108 Crédit Agricole 农业信贷银行法国银行109 Berkshire Hathaway 伯克希尔哈撒韦美国保险110 Intel 英特尔美国半导体111 BASF 巴斯夫德国化学112 Goldman Sachs Group 高盛集团美国证券经纪113 J.C. Penney 彭尼美国零售114 BMW 宝马德国汽车115 Conoco 的美国炼油116 Costco Wholesale 价格成本美国零售117 HypoVereinsbank 联合抵押银行德国银行118 Suez 苏伊士里昂水务法国水务119 Safeway 西夫韦美国零售120 MetLife 都市人寿保险美国保险121 Santander Central Hispano Group 桑坦德集团西班牙银行122 Dell Computer 戴尔电脑美国计算机123 SK 鲜京韩国炼油124 Electricite De France 法国电力法国电力125 Deutsche Post 德国邮政德国邮递包裹126 Tesco 特斯科英国零售127 France Télécom 法国电信法国电信128 BT 英国电信英国电信129 Ingram Micro 英格雷姆麦克罗美国零售130 Nortel Networks 北电网络加拿大电子电气131 Freddie Mac 弗雷德马克美国金融132 Cardinal Health 卡地纳健康美国的133 L.M. Ericsson 爱立信瑞典电子电气134 Meiji Life Insurance 明治生命日本保险135 United Parcel Service 联合包裹运输服务美国邮递包裹136 Royal Bank of Scotland 皇家苏格兰银行英国银行137 Mitsubishi Motors 三菱汽车日本汽车138 Pfizer 辉瑞美国制药139 Dynegy 的美国能源140 Reliant Energy 的美国电力煤气公用141 E.I. du Pont de Nemours 杜邦美国化学142 Delphi Automotive Systems 德尔福汽车系统美国汽车零件143 Johnson & Johnson 强生美国制药144 Allstate 好事达保险美国保险145 Robert Bosch 罗伯特博世德国电子电气146 Alcatel 阿尔卡特法国电子电气147 UtiliCorp United 公用事业联合公司美国电力煤气公用148 Tyco International 特科国际美国电子电气149 Hyundai Motor 现代汽车日本汽车150 Bayer 拜尔德国化学151 Aegon 的荷兰保险152 Ito-Yokado 伊藤洋华堂日本零售153 International Paper 国际造纸美国纸产品154 Nokia 诺基亚芬兰电子电气155 Nippon Mitsubishi Oil 日本三菱石油日本炼油156 Olivetti 好利获得意大利电信157 Wells Fargo 富国银行美国银行158 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工日本工农业设备159 GlaxoSmithKline 葛兰素史克英国制药160 Petrobrás 巴西石油巴西炼油161 Aetna 安泰美国保险162 Daiei 大荣日本零售163 Saint-Gobain 圣戈班法国玻璃164 United Technologies 联合技术美国航空航天165 Prudential Ins. Co. of America 美国宝德信人寿保险美国保险166 Lehman Brothers Holdings 雷曼兄弟美国证券经纪167 Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi 东京三菱银行日本银行168 Telefónica 西班牙电话西班牙电信169 PG&E Corp. 太平洋煤气电力美国电力煤气170 BellSouth 贝尔南方美国电信171 Canon 佳能日本办公设备172 Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Group 皇家太阳保险集团英国保险173 J. Sainsbury 桑斯博里英国零售174 Walt Disney 沃特迪斯尼美国娱乐175 ConAgra 康尼格拉美国食品176 Lockheed Martin 洛克希德马丁美国航空航天177 Bank One Corp. 第一银行美国银行178 Barclays 巴克莱银行英国银行179 Jusco 吉之岛日本零售180 Honeywell International 霍尼韦尔国际美国航空航天181 Nippon Steel 新日铁日本金属182 Sumitomo Bank 住友银行日本银行183 Tosco 的美国炼油184 First Union Corp. 第一联合银行美国银行185 Société Générale 兴业银行法国银行186 Kansai Electric Power 关西电力日本电力187 Dresdner Bank 德累斯顿银行德国银行188 American Express 美国运通美国金融189 Statoil 挪威石油挪威炼油190 Sprint 斯普林特美国电信191 Westdeutsche Landesbank 西德意志银行德国银行192 Lloyds TSB Group 劳埃德集团英国银行193 LG International 乐喜金星国际韩国多样化194 Southern 南方美国电力煤气195 Supervalu 超价商店美国零售196 Enel 国家电力意大利电力197 Alcoa 美国铝业美国金属198 East Japan Railway 东日本铁路日本铁路运输199 Dow Chemical 道化学美国化学200 ABB 阿西布朗勃法瑞瑞士电子电气世界500强企业名称中英对照（三）公司名称中文名称总部所在地主要业务201 Microsoft 微软美国软件202 Groupe Pinault-Printemps 皮诺春天集团法国零售203 Tomen 东绵日本多样化204 FleetBoston 佛雷特波士顿银行美国银行205 CNP Assurances 法国国家人寿保险法国保险206 Intesabci 的意大利银行207 AutoNation 的美国汽车销售服务208 Alstom 阿尔斯通法国电子电气209 Indian Oil 印度石油印度炼油210 Preussag 普罗伊萨格德国多样化211 Georgia-Pacific 佐治亚太平洋美国纸产品212 Vodafone 沃达丰英国电信。
ifs 财经服务流程
ifs 财经服务流程
IFS（International Financial Services）财经服务流程通常包括以下几个步骤：
1. 咨询与规划：了解客户需求，确定业务目标，制定财务规划方案。
2. 业务申请：收集客户资料，评估客户资质，确定合作意向。
3. 合同签订：与客户签订正式的财经服务合同，明确服务范围、收费标准、服务期限等。
4. 服务实施：根据合同约定，为客户提供具体的财经服务，如税务筹划、财务分析、资金管理等。
5. 风险管理：监测业务风险，及时采取应对措施，确保客户利益。
6. 持续服务：定期与客户沟通，了解服务效果，评估是否需要调整服务方案。
7. 服务结束：当服务期限届满或客户不再需要财经服务时，终止合同。
8. 售后服务：在合同结束后，为客户提供必要的售后服务，如财务咨询、税务咨询等。
请注意，具体流程可能因公司而异，因此具体细节可能会有所不同。
如需更多信息，可以向专业机构进行咨询。