石油工程专业英语part1

Inland Barge
For drilling in water depths from 8 to 30 ft.
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Interview
• Major of petroleum engineering
• Technical Skills :Drilling and Workover Technology ,Catch hold of the oil well production methods
The natural gas（天然气） is in solution, just
like the carbon dioxide（CO2） which is put inside of pop to give it its fizz.
A barrel （桶）of oil may contain anywhere
[di:kəm′pəʊz ] plant and animal matter. • Scientists believe the plants and animals died long ago, and
were slowly buried by thick layers of sediments（沉积物） .
thick or thin, black or light colored.
When oil is refined, many
Many other materials also
products can be obtained:
come from petroleum:
• Energy for power
• 油层物理
petroleum physics/petro-physics
• 渗流力学
seepage mechanics/percolation
mechanics
• 开发地质基础
the rudiments of developing geology
• 测井解释与生产测井 logging interpretation and
• Oil and gas are found in natural traps within the earth.
• These traps consist of domes or faults. Impermeable rock above the trap prevents the oil and gas from migrating up to surface. An “impermeable” rock is one that fluid cannot pass through.
production logging
• 提高采收率
enhanced oil recovery
• 钻井液
drilling fluid
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Grading :
Attendance: 30%
Participation, discussion, homework and quizzes ：20%
• 目前我国陆上机械采油约90％左右的油井采用有杆泵抽油技术，产油 量的80％是靠有杆泵抽油采出的，有杆泵抽油设备的能耗已占油田总 能耗的30％以上，随着各油田进入开发后期，上述比例将成上升的趋 势。
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Discussion:
What are Oil and Gas?
How do we find the oil reservoirs?
• Geophysicists find reservoirs by bouncing sound waves off them, and timing how long it takes for the sound to come back
• without traps, the oil and gas could migrate all the way to the surface and evaporate.
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Here’s an example of a dome-shaped Oil reservoir.
Petroleum Engineering
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Learning Goals
1.Communication 2.translation
If you go for an interview……
Please introduce yourself in English!
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What do we do after we find a reservoir?
?
?
?
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We Drill Into It ! ! !
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19பைடு நூலகம்
What do we drill with ?
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(For example, we know that present day garbage dumps give off
methane（甲烷）gas)
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What else do we know about oil and gas?
Oil in it’s natural state can be
down. Why?
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Here’s an example of a Gas reservoir.
Gas
Water
Again, note the impermeable layer of rock preventing the gas from escaping.
from 1 cubic ft of gas, to over 10,000 cubic ft, depending on the type of reservoir（储集 层）.
That’s enough gas in a single barrel of oil
to fill your whole house!
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Where can we find Oil and Gas?
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Some people think that oil is in big pools underground.
Actually, most oil is trapped in the tiny pore spaces
• Basic skills :Good computer skill and familiar with
AUTOCAD（Good command of English and pc skills,
English CET 4 or above, English conversation and
translation ability. ）
Final exam ：50%
Final Examining Mode : Translate a passage with 800 words (50%)
& Oral interpretation (50%)
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Test:
• At present, there are about 90% wells used oil pumping with pole to whole wells used mechanical oil pumping on land and 80% petroleum pumped by oil pumping with pole, the energy consumption by facilities on oil pumping with pole take up above 30% on total energy consumption, and along with the coming of evening to exploitation, the proportion tend to ascend.
• What specialized courses did you take ?
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• 采油工程
oil recovery engineering
• 钻井工程概论
the generality of drilling engineering
• 油藏工程基础
the rudiments of reservoir engineering
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A Drilling Rig !
Here are a few different types of drilling rigs available:
Land Rig For drilling on land.
Jackup Rig
For drilling in water depths from 15 ft to +/- 350 ft.
between grains of rock or sand. Most of these pores are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
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So, how do we find oil-bearing rocks?
Over a long period of time, and with pressure and
temperature, the organic（有机） [ɔ:ɡænik] materials were
converted into the oil and gas which are found today.
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Here’s an example of an Oil reservoir with a Gas cap
Gas Oil Water
Why do you suppose the gas is on top?
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• Plastics
• Gasoline for cars
• Materials for clothes
• Diesel fuel for trucks and
(example: polyester
trains
fabrics涤纶织物 )
• Octane(辛烷) fuels for planes • Chemicals for everyday
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What are Oil and Gas?
• Oil and Gas are substances found within the earth’s crust
（地壳）. • They are thought to come from decomposed（腐烂的）
• Heating oil for houses
use
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• Paints
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Did you know that oil has natural gas in it?
When oil is produced, some gas is produced
with the oil.
• Computers process the data to construct pictures of what the earth looks like underground.
source
t = 1 sec
t = 1.2 sec
t = 1.42 sec
receivers
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Oil
Water
Note the layer of impermeable rock which prevents the oil from
migrating upwards.
Also, note the layer of water below which prevents the oil from escaping