SAE J1986-1993 BALANCE WEIGHT AND RIM FLANGE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS, TEST PROCEDURES, AND PERFORMANCE
螺栓,螺母,螺钉,轴承通用零部件常用英语英文
木炭机知识1 GB/T 2-1985 紧固件外螺纹零件的末端Fasteners--Ends of parts with external thread2 GB/T 8-1988 方头螺栓C级Square head bolts--Product grade C3 GB/T 10-1988 沉头方颈螺栓Flat countersunk square neck bolts4 GB/T 11-1988 沉头带榫螺栓Flat countersunk nib bolts5 GB/T 12-1988 半圆头方颈螺栓Cup head square neck bolts6 GB/T 13-1988 半圆头带榫螺栓Cup head nib bolts7 GB/T 15-1988 大半圆头带榫螺栓Cup head nib bolts with large head8 GB/T 22-1976 小六角头导颈螺栓Bolts, small hexagon head with fit neck9 GB/T 23-1976 小六角头螺杆带孔螺栓Bolts, small hexagon head with hole through the shank10 GB/T 24-1976 小六角头螺杆带孔导颈螺栓Bolts, small hexagon head with fit neck and hole through the shank11 GB/T 25-1976 小六角头头部带孔螺栓Bolts, small hexagon head with holes through the head12 GB/T 26-1976 小六角头头部带孔导颈螺栓Bolts, small hexagon head with fit neck and holes through the head13 GB/T 27-1988 六角头铰制孔用螺栓A和B级Hexagon fit bolts--Product grade A and B14 GB/T 28-1988 六角头螺杆带孔铰制孔用螺栓A和B级Hexagon fit bolts with Split pin hole on shank--Product grade A and B15 GB/T 29.1-1988 六角头头部带槽螺栓A和B级Hexagon bolts with slot on head--Product grade A and B16 GB/T 29.2-1988 十字槽凹穴六角头螺栓Cross recessed hexagon bolts with indentation17 GB/T 31.1-1988 六角头螺杆带孔螺栓A和B级Hexagon bolts with split pin hole on shank--Product grade A and B18 GB/T 31.2-1988 六角头螺杆带孔螺栓细杆B级Hexagon bolts with split pin hole on shank--Reduced shank--Product grade B19 GB/T 31.3-1988 六角头螺杆带孔螺栓细牙A和B级Hexagon bolts with split pin hole on shank--Fine pitch thread--Product grade A and B20 GB/T 32.1-1988 六角头头部带孔螺栓A和B级Hexagon bolts with wire holes on head--Product grade A and B21 GB/T 32.2-1988 六角头头部带孔螺栓细杆B级Hexagon bolts with wire holes on head--Reduced shank--Product grade B22 GB/T 32.3-1988 六角头头部带孔螺栓细牙A和B级Hexagon bolts with wire holes on head--Fine pitch thread--Product grade A and B23 GB/T 35-1988 小方头螺栓B级Square head bolts with small head--Product grade B24 GB/T 37-1988 T型槽用螺栓Bolts for T-Slot25 GB/T 38-1976 螺栓技术条件Bolts--Technical requirements26 GB/T 39-1988 方螺母C 级Square nuts--Product grade C27 GB/T 41-1986 1 型六角螺母C 级Hexagon nuts--Style 1--Product grad C28 GB/T 56-1988 六角厚螺母Hexagon thick nuts29 GB/T 61-1976 螺母技术条件Nuts--Technical requirements30 GB/T 62-1988 蝶形螺母Wing nuts31 GB/T 63-1988 环形螺母Lifting nuts32 GB/T 65-1985 开槽圆柱头螺钉Slotted cheese head screws33 GB/T 67-1985 开槽盘头螺钉Slotted pan head screws34 GB/T 68-1985 开槽沉头螺钉Slotted countersunk head screws35 GB/T 69-1985 开槽半沉头螺钉Slotted raised countersunk head screws36 GB/T 70-1985 内六角圆柱头螺钉Hexagon socket cap head screws37 GB/T 71-1985 开槽锥端紧定螺钉Slotted set screws with cone point38 GB/T 72-1988 开槽锥端定位螺钉Slotted set screws with cone point39 GB/T 73-1985 开槽平端紧定螺钉Slotted set screws with flat point40 GB/T 74-1985 开槽凹端紧定螺钉Slotted set screws with cup point41 GB/T 75-1985 开槽长圆柱端紧定螺钉Slotted set screws withlong dog point42 GB/T 77-1985 内六角平端紧定螺钉Hexagon socket set screws with flat point43 GB/T 78-1985 内六角锥端紧定螺钉Hexagon socket set screws with cone point44 GB/T 79-1985 内六角圆柱端紧定螺钉Hexagon socket set screws with dog point45 GB/T 80-1985 内六角凹端紧定螺钉Hexagon socket set screws with cup point46 GB/T 83-1988 方头长圆柱球面端紧定螺钉Square set screws with long dog point and rounded end47 GB/T 84-1988 方头凹端紧定螺钉Square set screws with cup point48 GB/T 85-1988 方头长圆柱端紧定螺钉Square set screws with long dog point49 GB/T 86-1988 方头短圆柱锥端紧定螺钉Square set screws with short dog point and cone end50 GB/T 89-1976 螺钉技术条件Screws--Technical requirements51 GB/T 90-1985 紧固件验收检查、标志与包装Acceptance inspection,marking and packaging of fasteners52 GB/T 91-1986 开口销Split pins53 GB/T 93-1987 标准型弹簧垫圈Single coil spring lock washers--Normal type54 GB/T 94.1-1987 弹性垫圈技术条件弹簧垫圈Specifications for spring washers--Single coil spring lock washers55 GB/T 94.2-1987 弹性垫圈技术条件齿形、锯齿锁紧垫圈Specifications for spring washers--Toothed lock and serrated lock washers56 GB/T 94.3-1987 弹性垫圈技术条件鞍形、波形弹性垫圈Specifications for spring washers--Curved and wave spring washers57 GB/T 95-1985 平垫圈-C级Plain washers--Product grade C58 GB/T 272-1993 滚动轴承代号方法Rolling bearing--Identification code59 GB/T 273.1-1987 滚动轴承圆锥滚子轴承外形尺寸方案Rolling bearings Tapered roller bearings--Boundary dimensions60 GB/T 273.3-1988 滚动轴承向心轴承外形尺寸方案Rolling bearings Radial bearings-Boundary dimensions61 GB/T 274-1991 滚动轴承装配倒角极限Rollingbearing chamfer dimension limits62 GB/T 275-1993 滚动轴承与轴和外壳的配合Shaft and housing fits for rolling bearings63 GB/T 276-1994 滚动轴承深沟球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Deep groove ball bearings--Boundary dimensions64 GB/T 280-1964 带毡封圈的单列向心球轴承结构型式和基本尺寸Rolling bearings--Single-row radial ball bearings withfelt seals--Types and basic dimensions65 GB/T 281-1994 滚动轴承调心球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Self-aligning ball bearings--Boundary dimensions66 GB/T 283-1994 滚动轴承圆柱滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Cylindrical roller bearings-Boundary dimensions67 GB/T 285-1994 滚动轴承双列圆柱滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Double row cylindrical roller bearings-Boundary dimensions68 GB/T 286-1964 双列向心球面滚子轴承结构型式和基本尺寸Rolling bearings--Double -row radial spherical roller bearings--Types and basic dimensions69 GB/T 288-1994 滚动轴承调心滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Self-aligning roller bearings-Boundary dimensions70 GB/T 289-1964 滚针轴承结构型式和基本尺寸Needle roller bearings--Types and basic dimensions71 GB/T 291-1964 螺旋滚子轴承结构型式和基本尺寸Rolling bearings with helically wound cylindrical rollers--Types and basic dimensions72 GB/T 292-1994 滚动轴承角接触球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Angular contact ball bearings--Boundary dimensions73 GB/T 294-1994 滚动轴承三点和四点接触球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Three point and four point contact ball bearings--Boundary dimensions74 GB/T 296-1994 滚动轴承双列角接触球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Double row angular contact ballbearings--Boundary dimensions75 GB/T 297-1994 滚动轴承圆锥滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Tapered roller bearings--Boundary dimensions76 GB/T 299-1995 滚动轴承双列圆锥滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Metric double row tapered roller bearings--Boundary dimensions77 GB/T 300-1995 滚动轴承四列圆锥滚子轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Four row tapered roller bearings--Boundary dimensions78 GB/T 301-1995 滚动轴承推力球轴承外形尺寸Rolling bearings--Thrust ball bearings--Boundary dimensions79 GB/T 304.1-1988 关节轴承分类Spherical plain bearings Classification80 GB/T 304.2-1988 关节轴承代号方法Spherical plain bearings Identification code81 GB/T 304.3-1990 关节轴承配合Spherical plain bearings-Fits82 GB/T 304.9-1981 向心关节轴承技术条件Spherical plain radial bearings, joint type--Technical requirements83 GB/T 304.10-1989 关节轴承公差Spherical plain bearings-Tolerances84 GB/T 307.1-1994 滚动轴承向心轴承公差Rolling bearings--Radial bearings--Tolerances85 GB/T 307.2-1995 滚动轴承测量和检验的原则及方法Rolling bearings--Measuring and gauging principles and methods86 GB/T 307.3-1996 滚动轴承通用技术规则Rolling bearings--General technical regulations87 GB/T 307.4-1994 滚动轴承推力球轴承公差Rolling bearings--Thrust ball bearings--Tolerances88 GB/T 308-1989 滚动轴承钢球Rolling bearings-Steel balls89 GB/T 309-1984 滚动轴承滚针Rolling bearings--Needle rollers90 GB/T 794-1993 加强半圆头方颈螺栓Strengthened cap head square neck bolts91 GB/T 798-1988 活节螺栓Eye bolts92 GB/T 799-1988 地脚螺栓Eyelet bolts93 GB/T 800-1988 沉头双榫螺栓Flat countersunk double nib bolts94GB/T 802-1988 组合式盖形螺母Acorn nuts95 GB/T 804-1988 球面六角螺母Hexagon nuts with raised face96 GB/T 805-1988 扣紧螺母Tight nuts97 GB/T 806-1988 滚花高螺母Knurled nut with collar98 GB/T 807-1988 滚花薄螺母Knurled nuts99 GB/T 808-1988 小六角特扁细牙螺母Small hexagon thin nuts-Fine pitch thread100 GB/T 809-1988 嵌装圆螺母Insert round nuts101 GB/T 810-1988 小圆螺母Small round nuts102 GB/T 812-1988 圆螺母Round nuts103 GB/T 815-1988 端面带孔圆螺母Round nuts with drilled holes in one face104 GB/T 816-1988 侧面带孔圆螺母Round nuts with set pin holes in side105 GB/T 817-1988 带槽圆螺母Slotted round nuts106 GB/T 818-1985 十字槽盘头螺钉Cross recessed pan head screws107 GB/T 819-1985 十字槽沉头螺钉Cross recessed countersunk head screws108 GB/T 820-1985 十字槽半沉头螺钉Cross recessed raised countersunk head screws109 GB/T 821-1988 方头倒角端紧定螺钉Square set screws with chamfered end110 GB/T 822-1988 十字槽圆柱头螺钉Cross recessed cheese head serews111 GB/T 823-1988 十字槽小盘头螺钉Cross recessed small pan head screws112 GB/T 824-1976 圆柱头内花键螺钉Screws,fluted socket head113 GB/T 825-1988 吊环螺钉Eyebolts114 GB/T 827-1986 标牌铆钉Rivets for name plate115 GB/T 828-1988 开槽盘头定位螺钉Slotted pan head set setscrews with dog point116 GB/T 829-1988 开槽圆柱端定位螺钉Slotted setscrews with dog point117 GB/T 830-1988 开槽圆柱头轴位螺钉Slotted cheese head screws with shoulder118 GB/T 831-1988 开槽无头轴位螺钉Slotted shoulder screws119 GB/T 832-1988 开槽带孔球面圆柱头螺钉Slotted capstan screws120 GB/T 833-1988 开槽大圆柱头螺钉121 GB/T 834-1988 滚花高头螺钉Knurled thumb screws 122 GB/T 835-1988 滚花平头螺钉Knurled screws 123 GB/T 836-1988 滚花小头螺钉Knurled screws with small head 124 GB/T 837-1988 开槽盘头不脱出螺钉Slotted pan head screws with waisted shank 125 GB/T 838-1988 六角头不脱出螺钉Hexagon screws with waisted shank 126 GB/T 839-1988 滚花头不脱出螺钉Knurled thumb screws with waisted shank 127 GB/T 840-1988 塑料滚花头螺钉Plastic diamond knurlhead screws 128 GB/T 845-1985 十字槽盘头自攻螺钉Cross recessed pan head tapping screws 129 GB/T 846-1985 十字槽沉头自攻螺钉Cross recessed countersunk head tapping screws 130 GB/T 847-1985 十字槽半沉头自攻螺钉Cross recessed raised countersunk head tapping screws 131 GB/T 848-1985 小垫圈--A级Plain washers--Small series--Product grade A 132 GB/T 849-1988 球面垫圈Weshers with ball face 133 GB/T 850-1988 锥面垫圈Washers with cone face 134 GB/T 851-1988 开口垫圈Washers with split 135 GB/T 852-1988 工字钢用方斜垫圈Square taper washers for I section 136 GB/T 853-1988 槽钢用方斜垫圈Square taper washers for slot section 137 GB/T 854-1988 单耳止动垫圈Tab washers with long tab 138 GB/T 855-1988 双耳止动垫圈Tab washers with long tab and wing 139 GB/T 856-1988 外舌止动垫圈External tab washers 140 GB/T 858-1988 圆螺母用止动垫圈Tab washers for round nut 141 GB/T 859-1987 轻型弹簧垫圈Single coil spring lock washers,Light type 142 GB/T 860-1987 鞍形弹性垫圈Curved spring washers 143 GB/T 861.1-1987 内齿锁紧垫圈Lock washers internal teeth 144 GB/T 861.2-1987 内锯齿锁紧垫圈Serrated lock washers internal teeth 145 GB/T 862.1-1987 外齿锁紧垫圈Lock washers external teeth 146 GB/T 862.2-1987 外锯齿锁紧垫圈Serrated lock washers external teeth 147 GB/T 863.1-1986 半圆头铆钉(粗制) Round head rivets--Black 148 GB/T 863.2-1986 小半圆头铆钉(粗制) Round head rivets with small head--Black 149 GB/T 864-1986 平锥头铆钉(粗制) Cone head rivets--Black 150 GB/T 865-1986 沉头铆钉(粗制) Countersunk head rivets-Black 151 GB/T 866-1986 半沉头铆钉(粗制) Oval countersunk head rivets--Black 152 GB/T 867-1986 半圆头铆钉Round head rivets 153 GB/T 868-1986 平锥头铆钉Cone head rivets 154 GB/T 869-1986 沉头铆钉Countersunk head rivets 155 GB/T 870-1986 半沉头铆钉Oval countersunk head rivets 156 GB/T 871-1986 扁圆头铆钉Flat round head rivets 157 GB/T 872-1986 扁平头铆钉Thin head rivets 158 GB/T 873-1986 扁圆头半空心铆钉Oval head semi-tubular rivets 159 GB/T 874-1986 120°沉头半空心铆钉120 degree countersunk head semi-tubular rivets 160 GB/T 875-1986 偏平头半空心铆钉Thin head semi-tubular rivet 161 GB/T 876-1986 空心铆钉Tubular rivets 162 GB/T 877-1986 开尾圆锥销Taper pins with split 163 GB/T 878-1986 螺纹圆柱销Parallel pins with external thread 164 GB/T 879-1986 弹性圆柱销Spring-type straight pins—Slotted 165 GB/T 880-1986 带孔销Pins with split pin hole 166 GB/T 881-1986 螺尾锥销Taper pins with external thread 167 GB/T 882-1986 销轴Clevis pins with head 168 GB/T 883-1986 锥销锁紧挡圈Lock rings with cone pin 169 GB/T 884-1986 螺钉锁紧挡圈Lock ring with screw 170 GB/T 885-1986 带锁圈的螺钉锁紧挡圈Lock rings with screw and circlip 171 GB/T 886-1986 轴肩挡圈Rings for shoulder 172 GB/T 889-1986 1 型非金属嵌件六角锁紧螺母Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (with non-metallic insert),style 1 173 GB/T 891-1986 螺钉紧固轴端挡圈Lock rings at the end of shaft with screw 174 GB/T 892-1986 螺栓紧固轴端挡圈Lock rings at the end of shaft with bolt 175 GB/T 893.1-1986 孔用弹性挡圈--A型Circlips for holes--Type A 176 GB/T 893.2-1986 孔用弹性挡圈--B型Circlips for hole--Type B 177 GB/T 894.1-1986 轴用弹性挡圈--A型Circlips for shaft--Type A 178 GB/T 894.2-1986 轴用弹性挡圈--B型Circlips for shaft--Type B 179 GB/T 895.1-1986 孔用钢丝挡圈Roundwire snap rings for hole 180 GB/T 895.2-1986 轴用钢丝挡圈Roundwire snap rings for shaft 181 GB/T 896-1986 开口挡圈"E" rings 182 GB/T 897-1988 双头螺柱bm=1d Double end studs--bm=1d 183 GB/T 898-1988 双头螺柱bm=1.25d Double end studs bm=1.25d 184 GB/T 899-1988 双头螺柱bm=1.5d Double end studs bm=1.5d 185 GB/T 900-1988 双头螺柱bm=2d Double end studs bm=2d 186 GB/T 901-1988 等长双头螺柱B级Double end studs (clamping type)--Product grade B 187 GB/T 902.1-1989 手工焊用焊接螺柱Weld studs for manual welding 188 GB/T 902.2-1989 机动弧焊用焊接螺柱Weld studs for arc welding 189 GB/T 902.3-1989 储能焊用焊接螺柱Weld studs for capacitor discharge welding 190 GB/T 921-1986 钢丝锁圈Round wire circlips 191 GB/T 922-1986 木螺钉技术条件Specifications for wood screws 192 GB/T 923-1988 盖形螺母Acorn nuts 193 GB/T 925-1988 轻型六角自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,hexagon light 194 GB/T 927-1988 球面六角自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,hexagon sphere 195 GB/T 929-1988 单耳托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,singlelug, anchor 196 GB/T 930-1988 双耳托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,twolug, anchor 197 GB/T 931-1988 角形托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,angle, anchor 198 GB/T 932-1988 气密单耳托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,singlelug, anchor, sealing, 199 GB/T 933-1988 气密双耳托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,twolug, anchor, sealing 200 GB/T 937-1988 成组游动托板自锁螺母Self-locking nuts, anchor, floating,Gang channel 201 GB/T 938-1988 游动自锁螺母Self-locking nuts, floating 202 GB/T 939-1988 单耳托板自锁螺母保护罩Boots for self-locking nuts, singlelug, anchor 203 GB/T 940-1988 双耳托板自锁螺母保护罩Boots for self-locking nuts,twolug, anchor 204 GB/T 941-1988 角形托板自锁螺母保护罩Boots for self-locking nuts,angle, anchor 205 GB/T 943-1988 自锁螺母技术条件Procurement specification for self-locking nuts 206 GB/T 945-1976 十字槽球面中柱头螺钉Screws,cross recessed,thin raised cheese head 207 GB/T 946-1988 开槽球面圆柱头轴位螺钉Slotted raised cheese head with shoulder 208 GB/T 947-1988 开槽球面大圆柱头螺钉Slotted large raised cheese head screws 209 GB/T 948-1988 开槽沉头不脱出螺钉Slotted countersunk head screws with waisted shank 210 GB/T 949-1988 开槽半沉头不脱出螺钉Slotted raised countersunk head screws with waisted shank 211 GB/T 950-1986 十字槽圆头木螺钉Cross recessed round head wood screws 212 GB/T 951-1986 十字槽沉头木螺钉Cross recessed countersunk head wood screws 213 GB/T 952-1986 十字槽半沉头木螺钉Cross recessed raised countersunk head wood screws 214 GB/T 953-1988 等长双头螺柱C级Double end studs (clamping type)--Product grade C 215 GB/T 954-1986 120°沉头铆钉120°degree countersunk head rivets 216 GB/T 955-1987 波形弹性垫圈Wave spring washers 217 GB/T 956.1-1987 锥形锁紧垫圈Countersunk external toothed lock washers 218 GB/T 956.2-1987 锥形锯齿锁紧垫圈Countersunk serrated external toothed lock washers 219 GB/T 959.1-1986 挡圈技术条件--弹性挡圈Specifications for ring—Circlips 220 GB/T 959.2-1986 挡圈技术条件--钢丝挡圈Specifications for ring—Round wire snap rings 221 GB/T 959.3-1986 挡圈技术条件--切制挡圈Specifications for ring—Cutting rings 222 GB/T 960-1986 夹紧挡圈Grip rings 223 GB/T 961-1988 单耳托板自锁螺母垫片Spacers for self-locking nuts,singlelug, anchor 224 GB/T 962-1988 双耳托板自锁螺母垫片Spacers for self-locking nuts,twolug, anchor 225 GB/T 963-1988 角形托板自锁螺母垫片Spacers for self-locking nuts,angle, anchor 226 GB/T 973-1976 十字槽扁圆头螺钉Screws,cross recessed,oval head 227 GB/T 974-1976 十字槽120°半沉头螺钉Screws,cross recessed,120°raised countersunk head 228 GB/T 975-1986 管状铆钉Pipe type rivets 229 GB/T 1007-1976 小六角较扁螺母Small hexagon medium thin nuts 230 GB/T 1009-1978 螺母专用技术条件Specified specifications for nuts 231 GB/T 1011-1986 大扁圆头铆钉Truss head rivets 232 GB/T 1012-1986 120°半沉头铆钉120°degree oval countersunk rivets 233 GB/T 1013-1986 平锥头半空心铆钉Cone head semi-tubuler rivets234 GB/T 1014-1986 大扁圆头半空心铆钉Truss head semi-tubuar rivets 235 GB/T 1015-1986 沉头半空心铆钉Countersunk head semi-tublar rivets 236 GB/T 1016-1986 无头铆钉Headless rivets 237 GB/T 1017-1978 铆钉专用技术条件Specified specifications for rivets 238 GB/T 1021-1976 角形垂直单耳止动垫圈Lock washers with angular upturn tab perpendicular to the lug 239 GB/T 1022-1976 角形单耳止动垫圈Lock washers with angular upturn tab in line to the lug 240 GB/T 1023-1976 角形垂直外舌止动垫圈Lock washers with angular upturn tab perpendicular to the external tab241 GB/T 1024-1976 角形外舌止动垫圈Lock washers with angular upturn tab in line to the external tab 242 GB/T 1030-1988 内球面垫圈Inner sphere washers 243 GB/T 1047-1995 管道元件的公称通径Nominal size for pipe components 244 GB/T 1048-1990 管道元件公称压力Nominal pressure for pipe components 245 GB/T 1095-1979 平键键和键槽的剖面尺寸Parallel keys--Dimensions of cross sections and keyways 246 GB/T 1096-1979 普通平键型式尺寸Plain parallel keys--Types and dimensions 247 GB/T 1097-1979 导向平键型式尺寸Feather keys--Types and dimensions 248 GB/T 1098-1979 半圆键键和键槽的剖面尺寸Semi-circular (Woodruff) keys--Dimensions of cross sections and keyways 249 GB/T 1099-1979 半圆键型式尺寸Woodruff keys--Types and dimensions 250 GB/T 1144-1987 矩形花键尺寸、公差和检验Straight-sided spline—Dimensions tolerances and verification 251 GB/T 1168-1976 螺柱技术条件Studs--Technical requirements 252 GB/T 1228-1991 钢结构用高强度大六角头螺栓High strength bolts with large hexagon headfor steel structures 253 GB/T 1229-1991 钢结构用高强度大六角螺母High strength large hexagon nuts for steel structures 254 GB/T 1230-1991 钢结构用高强度垫圈High strength plain washers for steel structures 255 GB/T 1231-1991 钢结构用高强度大六角头螺拴、大六角螺母、垫圈技术条件Specifications of high strength bolts with large hexa-gon head, large hexagon nuts, plain washers for steel structures 256 GB/T 1237-1988 紧固件的标记方法Designation system for fasteners 257 GB/T 1337-1988 六角自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,hexagon 258 GB/T 1338-1988 小六角扁自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,reduced hexagon oblate 259 GB/T 1339-1988 小六角自锁螺母Self-locking nuts,reduced hexagon 260 GB/T 1340-1988 成组游动托板自锁螺母支架Supports for self-locking nuts,anchor floating,Gang channel 261 GB/T 1356-1988 淅开线圆柱齿轮基本齿廓Basic rack tooth profile of involute cylindrical gears 262 GB/T 1357-1987 渐开线圆柱齿轮模数Modules of involute cyindrical gears 263 GB/T 1563-1979 楔键键和键槽的剖面尺寸Taper keys--Cross section dimensions of keys and keyways 264 GB/T 1564-1979 普通楔键型式尺寸Taper keys for general use--Types and dimensions 265 GB/T 1565-1979 钩头楔键型式尺寸Gib-head taper keys--Types and dimensions 266 GB/T 1566-1979 薄型平键键和键槽的剖面尺寸Thin flat keys--Cross section dimensions and keyways 267 GB/T 1567-1979 薄型平键型式尺寸Thin flat keys--Types and dimensions 268 GB/T 1840-1989 圆弧圆柱齿轮模数Modules of cylindrical gear with circular arc profiles 269 GB/T 1974-1980 切向键及其键槽Tangential keys and keyways 270 GB/T 2362-1990 小模数渐开线圆柱齿轮基本齿廓Basic rack tooth profile of fine-pitch involute cylindrical gears 271 GB/T 2363-1990 小模数渐开线圆柱齿轮精度Accuracy of fine-pitch involute cylindrical gears 272 GB/T 2509-1981 滑动轴承铜合金整体轴套形式、尺寸与公差Copper alloy integrated shaft sleeves for plain bearings--Types, dimensions and tolerances 273 GB/T 2510-1981 滑动轴承铜合金带挡边整体轴套形式、尺寸与公差Copper alloy integrated shaft sleeves for plain bearings with gears--Types, dimensions and tolerances 274 GB/T 2511-1981 滑动轴承铜合金整体轴套技术条件Copper alloy integrated shaft sleeves--Technical requirements 275 GB/T 2555-1981 一般用途管法兰连接尺寸Pipe flange connectors for ordinary use--Mounting dimensions 276 GB/T 2556-1981 一般用途管法兰密封面形状和尺寸Pipe flanges for ordinary use--Sealing surfaces--Forms and dimensions 277 GB/T 2672-1986 内六角花形盘头螺钉Hexagon lobular socket pan head screws 278 GB/T 2673-1986 内六角花形沉头螺钉Hexagon lobular socket countersunk head screws 279 GB/T 2674-1986 内六角花形半沉头螺钉Hexagon lobular socket raised countersunk head screws 280 GB/T 2685-1981 滑动轴承粉末冶金筒形轴承型式、尺寸与公差Powder metallurgy plain bearing--Cylindrical type--Types, dimensions and tolerances 281 GB/T 2686-1981 滑动轴承粉末冶金带挡边筒形轴承型式、尺寸与公差Powder metallurgy plain bearing--Rimed cylindrical type--Types, dimensions and tolerances 282 GB/T 2687-1981 滑动轴承粉末冶金球形轴承型式、尺寸与公差Powder metallurgy plain bearing--Spherical type--Types, dimensions and tolerances 283 GB/T 2688-1981 滑动轴承粉末冶金轴承技术条件Powder metallurgy plain bearing--Technical requirements 284 GB/T 2821-1992 齿轮几何要素代号Symbols for gear geometrical data 285 GB/T 2889-1994 滑动轴承术语Plain bearings--Terms, definitions and classification 286 GB/T 3098.1-1982 紧固件机械性能螺栓、螺钉和螺柱Mechanical properties of fasteners--Bolts, screws and studs 287 GB/T 3098.2-1982 紧固件机械性能螺母Mechanical properties of fasteners--Nuts 288 GB/T 3098.3-1982 紧固件机械性能紧定螺钉Mechanical properties of fasteners--Set screws 289 GB/T 3098.4-1986 紧固件机械性能--细牙螺母Mechanical properties of fasteners--Nuts with fine pitch thread 290 GB/T 3098.5-1985 紧固件机械性能自攻螺钉Mechanical properties of fasteners--Tapping screws 291 GB/T 3098.6-1986 紧固件机械性能不锈钢螺栓, 螺钉, 螺柱和螺母Mechanical properties of fasteners--Stainless steel bolts,screws, studs and nuts 292 GB/T 3098.7-1986 紧固件机械性能自攻锁紧螺钉粗牙普通螺纹系列Mechanical properties of fasteners--Thread forming screws--Metric coarse thread series 293 GB/T 3098.8-1992 紧固件机械性能耐热用螺纹连接副Mechanical properties of fasteners--Components for bolted connections made mainly from materials with a high temperature strength 294 GB/T 3098.9-1993 紧固件机械性能有效力矩型钢六角锁紧螺母Mechanical properties of fasteners--Prevailing torque type steel hexagon nuts 295 GB/T 3098.10 -1993 紧固件机械性能有色金属制造的螺栓、螺钉、螺柱和螺母Mechanical properties of fasteners-- Bolts, screws, studs and nuts made of non-ferrous metals 296 GB/T 3098.11-1995 紧固件机械性能自钻自攻螺钉Mechanicalproperties of fasteners--Self-drilling tapping screws 297 GB/T 3098.13-1996 紧固件机械性能螺栓与螺钉的扭矩试验和破坏扭矩公称直径1~10mm Mechanical properties of fasteners--Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and screws with nominal diameters 1mm to 10mm 298 GB/T 3098.12-1996 紧固件机械性能螺母锥形保证载荷试验Mechanical properties of fasteners--Cone proof load test on nuts 299 GB/T 3099-1982 螺栓、螺钉、螺母及附件名词术语Bolts, screws, nuts and accessories--Terminology and nomenclature 300 GB/T 3103.1-1982 紧固件公差螺栓、螺钉和螺母Tolerances for fasteners--Bolts, screws and nuts 301 GB/T 3103.2-1982 紧固件公差用于精密机械的螺栓、螺钉和螺母Tolerances for fasteners--Bolts, screws and nuts for fine mechanics 302 GB/T 3103.3-1982 紧固件公差平垫圈Tolerances for fasteners--Washers 303 GB/T 3103.4-1992 紧固件公差耐热用螺纹连接副Tolerances for fasteners--Components for bolted connections made mainly from materials with a high temperature strength 304 GB/T 3104-1982 紧固件六角产品的对边宽度Fasteners--Widths across flats of hexagon products 305 GB/T 3105-1982 螺栓和螺钉的头下圆角半径Radii under the head of bolts and screws 306 GB/T 3106-1982 螺栓、螺钉和螺柱的公称长度和普通螺栓的螺纹长度Bolts, screws and studs--Nominal lengths, and thread lengths for general purpose bolts 307 GB/T 3162-1991 滑动轴承薄壁轴瓦尺寸、结构要素与公差Plain bearings—Thin-walled bearing shells—Dimensions, structure elements and tolerances 308 GB/T 3287-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件技术条件Technical requirements of malleable cast iron pipefittings 309 GB/T 3288-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件验收规则Delivery requirements of malleable cast iron pipe fittings 310 GB/T 3289.1-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸管件结构尺寸表Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Dimensions list of pipe fittings structure 311 GB/T 3289.2-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸弯头内外丝弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Elbows male and female elbows 312 GB/T 3289.3-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸45°弯头45°内外丝弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Elbows 45°, male and female elbows 45° 313 GB/T 3289.4-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Reducing elbows 314 GB/T 3289.5-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径内外丝弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Male and female reducing elbows 315 GB/T 3289.6-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸侧孔弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Side outlet elbows 316 GB/T 3289.7 -1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸月弯内外丝月弯外丝月弯Malleable cast iron pipe fittings-- Type size--Return bends, male and female return bends, thread return bends 317 GB/T 3289.8-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸45°月弯45°内外丝月弯45°外丝月弯Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Long sweep bends 45°,male and female long sweep bends 45°,male long sweep bends 45° 318 GB/T 3289.9-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸U型弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--U-Elbows(return bends) 319 GB/T 3289.10-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸三通内外丝三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Tees, male and female tees 320 GB/T 3289.11-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径内外丝三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Male and female reducing tees 321 GB/T 3289.12-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸中大异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Medium-large reducing tees [tees(increasing on the branch)] 322 GB/T 3289.13-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸侧大异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Lateral-large reducing tees 323 GB/T 3289.14-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸中小异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Medium-less reducing tees 324 GB/T 3289.15-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸侧小异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Lateral-less reducing tees 325 GB/T 3289.16-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸中小偏心异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Medium-less eccentric reducing tees 326 GB/T 3289.17-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸45°三通Y型三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Tees45°, Y pieces(tees) 327 GB/T 3289.18-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸Y型异径三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Y Piece reducing(tees) 328 GB/T 3289.19-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸侧孔三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Side outlet tees 329 GB/T 3289.20-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸四通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Crosses 330 GB/T 3289.21-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径四通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Reducing crosses 331 GB/T 3289.22-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸外接头内外丝接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Male joints(sockets), male and female joints (sockets) 332 GB/T 3289.23-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸无方内接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--No-square inner joint (nipples) 333 GB/T 3289.24-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径外接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Reducing male joints (sockets) 334 GB/T 3289.25-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸偏心异径外接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Eccentric reducing male joints (sockets) 335 GB/T 3289.26-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸内接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Inner joints (nipples hexagon) 336 GB/T 3289.27-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸异径内接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Reducing inner joints(nipples hexagon) 337 GB/T 3289.28-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸内外螺丝Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Male and female screws (bushings) 338 GB/T 3289.29-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸通丝外接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Through thread male joint (sockets) 339 GB/T 3289.30-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸锁紧螺母Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Backnuts 340 GB/T 3289.31-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸外方管堵Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Outer-square plugs 341 GB/T 3289.32-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸带边外方管堵Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Outer-square beaded plugs 342 GB/T 3289.33-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸内方管堵Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Inner-square plugs 343GB/T 3289.34-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸管帽Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Tube caps (caps plugs) 344 GB/T 3289.35 -1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸活接弯头内外丝活接弯头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings-- Type size--Union elbows, male and female union elbows 345 GB/T 3289.36-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸活接三通Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Union tees 346 GB/T 3289.37-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸平形活接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Parallel unions 347 GB/T 3289.38-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸锥形活接头Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Taper unions 348 GB/T 3289.39-1982 可锻铸铁管路连接件型式尺寸平形活接头垫圈Malleable cast iron pipe fittings--Type size--Parallel union gaskets 349 GB/T 3374-1992 齿轮基本术语Basic terminology of gears 350 GB/T 3478.1-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键模数基本齿廓公差Straight cylindrical involute splines--Modules, basic rack profiles and tolerances 351 GB/T 3478.2-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键30°压力角尺寸表Straight cylindrical involute splines--30°pressure angle dimenslons tables 352 GB/T 3478.3-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键37.5°压力角尺寸表Straight cylindrical involute splines--37.5°pressure angle dimensions tables 353 GB/T 3478.4-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键45°压力角尺寸表Straight cylindrical involute splines--45°pressure angle dimensions tables 354 GB/T 3478.5-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键检验方法Straight cylindrical involute splines--Inspection methods 355 GB/T 3478.6-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键30°压力角M值和W值Straightcylindrical involute splines--30°pressurengle M and W values 356 GB/T 3478.7-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键37.5°压力角M值和W值Straight cylindrical involute splines--37.5°pressure angle M and W values 357 GB/T 3478.8-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键45°压力角M值和W值Straight cylindrical involute splines--45°pressure angle-M and W values 358 GB/T 3478.9-1995 圆柱直齿渐开线花键量棒Straight cylindrical involute splines--Measuring pin 359 GB/T 3507-1983 机械式联轴器公称扭矩系列Nominal torque series of the mechanical coupling 360 GB/T 3632-1995 钢结构用扭剪型高强度螺栓连接副Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures360 GB/T 3632-1995 钢结构用扭剪型高强度螺栓连接副Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures 361 GB/T 3633-1995 钢结构用扭剪型高强度螺栓连接副技术条件Technical requirement for sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures 362 GB/T 3733.1-1983 卡套式端直通管接头Straight thread connector--Assembly 363 GB/T 3733.2-1983 卡套式端直通接头体Straight thread connector--Body 364 GB/T 3734.1-1983 卡套式锥螺纹直通管接头Male connector--Assembly 365 GB/T 3734.2-1983 卡套式锥螺纹直通接头体Male connector--Body 366 GB/T 3735.1-1983 卡套式端直通长管接头Straight thread long connector--Assembly 367 GB/T 3735.2-1983 卡套式端直通长接头体Straight thread long connector--Body 368 GB/T 3736.1-1983 卡套式锥螺纹长管接头Male long connector--Assembly 369 GB/T 3736.2-1983 卡套式锥螺纹长接。
SAE_J267-2007
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user. SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright © 2007 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-776-0790J267Issued RATIONALEThis SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of wheels and demountable rims intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. During the 5 year review we found that dimensions for the wheel test adapter (wheel backup diameter) were missing from the document. SAE J694 was added to the document list. A note was also added to the procedure sections to go to SAE J694 for test adapter dimensions (wheel backup diameter). Appendix B was updated to include current production tires and their slr (static loaded radii). 1. SCOPEThis SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of wheels and demountable rims intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. For other wheels intended for normal highway use and temporary use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles, see SAE J328. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, see SAE J1204. For bolt together military wheels, see SAE J1992. This document does not cover other special application wheels and rims. 2. REFERENCES 2.1Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), .SAE J328 Wheels Passenger Cars and Light Truck Performance Requirements and Test Procedures SAE J393 Nomenclature Wheels, Hubs, and Rims for Commercial Vehicles SAE J694 Disc Wheel/Hub or Drum Interface Dimensions Commercial Vehicles SAE J1204 Wheels Recreational and Utility Trailer Test ProcedureSAE J1992Wheels/Rims Military Vehicles Test Procedures and Performance RequirementsSAE HS 3300 Wheels Standards Manualݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóSAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 2 -2.1.2 Tire and Rim Association PublicationAvailable from The Tire and Rim Association, Inc., 175 Montrose West Avenue, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321.Yearbook, The Tire and Rim Association, Inc.2.2 Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this document.2.2.1 ISO PublicationsAvailable from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, .ISO 3006 Road vehicles Passenger car wheels Test methodsISO 3894 Road vehicles Truck wheels/rims Test methodsISO 3911 Wheel/rims Nomenclature, designation, marking, and units of measurement2.2.2 OSHA PublicationAvailable from OSHA Publication Office, Room S-4203, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210, .OSHA Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.177 Servicing of Multi-Piece and Single-Piece Rim Wheels3. DYNAMIC CORNERING FATIGUE TEST (FOR DISC WHEELS ONLY)The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 1.TABLE 1 - CORNERING FATIGUE TESTTEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTSݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´SAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 3 -3.1 EquipmentUse a test machine that:a. Imparts a constant rotating bending moment to the wheel. See Figure 1A or 1B.b. Maintains the test load within ±3%.c. Monitors and measures the deflection of the system.d. Has a rigid load arm shaft.3.2 Procedurea. Use a test adapter, studs, and nuts representative of those specified for the wheel. Dimensions for the test adapter(Wheel backup diameter) can be found in SAE J694.b. Verify the mating surfaces of the adapter are free of foreign material or excessive wear.c. Attach the wheel to a rigid load arm shaft and test adapter.d. Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked andreset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.e. Clamp the rim securely to the test device.f. Adjust the system so that shaft runout is not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in) total indicator reading at the point ofloading.óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´SAE J267 Revised DEC2007- 4 -FIGURE 1AFIGURE 1BFIGURE 1 - CORNERING FATIGUE - 90 DEGREE LOADING METHOD (TYPICAL SETUP)ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóSAEJ267 Revised DEC2007 - 5 -3.3Test Loadinga. Test Load and Bending Moment Determination The test load is determined by Equation 1:ø÷Þï±®ßïÚ·¹«®»-»»¿®³Ó±³»²¬ÓÔ±¿¼Ì»-¬ã(Eq. 1)M is determined by Equation 2:÷ÍÃø¼÷-´®ø«÷ÅÔøÓõã(Eq. 2)where:M = Bending moment, N-m (lbf-in)u = Coefficient of friction developed between tire and road, use 0.7 for u. slr = L argest static loaded radius of the tires to be used on the wheel as specified by the current Tire and RimAssociation Yearbook or the vehicle/wheel manufacturer, mm x 10 3 (in). Use the values of slr found in Appendix B.d = Inset or outset, mm x 10 3(in). (Positive for inset, negative for outset) of the wheel. If wheel may be used asinset or outset, use inset. See SAE J393. S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 1.L = Load rating of the wheel as specified by the wheel manufacturer, N (lbf). b. For minimum cycle life, see Table 1.c. Apply the test load parallel to a plane through the center of the rim as shown in Figure 1A or 1B. Load may pushagainst shaft or pull the shaft. 3.4Test WheelsUse only fully processed new wheels, which are representative of wheels intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test. 3.5Test Criteria/Test TerminationThe wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.4. DYNAMIC RADIAL FATIGUE TEST, DISC WHEELS, AND DEMOUNTABLE RIMSThe test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 2. 4.1EquipmentUse a test machine that:a. Has a driven rotatable drum, which presents a smooth surface wider than the loaded test tire section width.b. Has a suggested drum diameter of 1707.06 mm (67.23 in), giving 187.5 revolutions per kilometer (300 revolutions permile).c. Imparts a constant load to the wheel. This load must be perpendicular to the surface of the drum and in line radiallywith the center of the test wheel and the center of the drum.ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóSAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 6 -d. Can maintain the test load and inflation within ±3%.e. Holds the axis of the test wheel and the drum parallel.TABLE 2 - RADIAL FATIGUE TESTTEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTSDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Material Disc Wheel/RimDescription(All Mountings)Rim DiameterCodeDisc Wheel/RimDescription(All Mountings)Inset/Outset(1)mmDisc Wheel/RimDescription(All Mountings)Inset/Outset(1)inPerformanceRequirementsAcceleratedTest FactorPerformanceRequirementsMinimumCycle LifeFerrous 13, 14, 15, 16,175 degrees DropCenter All All 2.21.8500 0001 000 000Ferrous 15, 17, 18, 20,22, 245 degrees Flat Base17.5HC, 19.5,22.5, 24.515 degrees DropCenter All All 2.01.91.81.71.6500 000600 000700 000850 0001 000 000Aluminum 16 127 or more 5 or more 2.82.0100 000 1 000 000Aluminum 17.5 andlarger All All 2.82.0100 0001 000 0001. Offset for demountable rims.4.2 Procedurea. Select test tires that are representative of the maximum size and type approved by the vehicle or wheel manufacturerfor the wheel under test.b. Use a test adapter, studs, and nuts (and clamps for demountable rims) that are representative of those specified forthe wheel/rim. Dimensions for the test adapter (Wheel backup diameter) can be found in SAE J694.c. Mount and inflate the tire to 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi) for tires with usage pressure of 310 kPa (45 psi) orless. For wheels and tires intended for use at higher pressures, use 1.2 times the usage pressure, but not less than 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi).d. Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked andreset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.e. There may be an increase in inflation pressure during the test. This is normal, but it is permissible to adjust back tothe test pressure.4.3 Radial Test Loadinga. Radial Load Determination The radial load is determined as follows in Equation 3:Ô÷ÍøÎã(Eq. 3) ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóSAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 7 -where:R = Radial load, N (lbf)S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 2.L = Load rating of the wheel/rim as specified by the wheel/rim manufacturer, N (lbf)b. For minimum cycle life, see Table 2.4.4 Test WheelsUse only fully processed new wheels/rims which are representative of wheels/rims intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test.4.5 Test Criteria/Test TerminationThe wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Failure of the test tire, broken studs, or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.5. NOTES5.1 Marginal IndiciaThe change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS WHEEL SUBCOMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS BRAKE COMMITTEEóóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´SAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 8 -APPENDIX ATABLE A1 - TEST TORQUESApplication(1)ThreadSizeDry Torque(2)+10%, 0%N-mDry Torque(2)+10%, 0%lbf-ftDisc WheelsLight Truck60 degree Cone Nuts M12I 1.57/16 201/2 209/16 185/8 18110110110170170808080125125Hub Piloted Mounting 1-piece Nut9/16 1811/16 16160410120300Hub Piloted Mounting 2-piece nut9/16 185/8 183/4 167/8 14(3)7/8 14M12I 1.75M14I 1.75M14I 1.5M18I 1.5M20I 1.5M22I 1.517018041048061011518015026038061012513030035045085130110190280450Hub Piloted Mounting with Clamp Plate and 90 degree Cone Nuts9/16 18M14I 1.55/8 18150150180110110130Ball Seat Mounting 3/4 161- 1/8 16610610450450Heavy-Duty Ball Seat Mounting15/16 121- 5/16 1210201020750750Demountable RimsStuds and Nuts3/4 10270 2001. For applications and sizes not shown, use torque recommendations prescribed by thewheel/rim or vehicle manufacturer.2. Dry torque means no additional lubricants are applied.3. Bus Front.ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóóSAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 9 -APPENDIX BTABLE B1 - STATIC LOADED RADII FOR BENDING MOMENT CALCULATIONSSizeslrmmslrin Sizeslrmmslrin5 degree Tubeless - 15 degree (continued)8.25R20 452 17.8 9R22.5 460 18.19.00R20 480 18.9 10R22.5 480 18.910.00R20 495 19.5 11R22.5 506 19.911.00R20 513 20.2 12R22.5 513 20.212.00R20 523 20.6 255/70R22.5 439 17.314.00R20 569 22.4 275/70R22.5 452 17.8365/80R20 503 19.8 305/70R22.5 465 18.3365/70R22.5 498 19.611.00R22 539 21.2 245/75R22.5 447 17.6265/75R22.5 462 18.211.00R24 559 22.0 295/75R22.5 485 19.112.00R24 572 22.5 235/80R22.5 442 17.4255/80R22.5 455 17.9275/80R22.5 478 18.8295/80R22.5 493 19.4315/80R22.5 511 20.111R24.5 531 20.9 Tubeless - 15 degree12R24.5 539 21.2 9R17.5 391 15.4 285/75R24.5500 19.7 10R17.5399 15.7 305/75R24.5508 20.0 10R17.5HC 409 16.1 275/80R24.5490 19.3 215/75R17.5 363 14.3 Wide Base - Tubeless - 15 degree445/65R19.5 495 19.5 8R19.5 406 16.0225/70R19.5 389 15.3 445/50R22.5 483 19.0 245/70R19.5 399 15.7 455/55R22.5 495 19.5 265/70R19.5 404 15.9 385/65R22.5 506 19.9 285/70R19.5 414 16.3 425/65R22.5 526 20.7 305/70R19.5 424 16.7 445/65R22.5 539 21.21. For tire sizes not shown, use the slr listed in the individual tire manufacturer s Tire Data Book.ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ÍßÛ ×²¬»®²¿¬·±²¿´óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóó。
标准件代号汇总表
1.半圆头内六角............................................................... 12.92.滚子......................................................................... C31-13.涨紧套....................................................................... C40-24.尼龙困扎带................................................................ D91-15.管接头......................................................................D96-46.电器接头...................................................................D96-57.水管..........................................................................G11-18.直角管接头...............................................................G13-19.单面管夹...................................................................G31-110.喉箍........................................................................G31-711.封口管螺母.............................................................G34-212.外六角油塞.............................................................G38-213.D8.8-10.9S内六角油塞...........................................G38-414.g内六角油塞......................................................GB38-4A15.D8.8-10.9S 起子口油塞..........................................G38-516.组合垫圈................................................................G52-217.铜垫圈....................................................................G52-518.扩口式管接头空心螺栓...........................................G91-119.扩口式管接头密合垫...............................................G91-220.扩口式管接头管套..................................................G91-321.扩口式锥管螺纹直通管接头....................................G92-122.内六角螺钉....................................................GB70-76/8623.地脚螺栓...........................................................GB799-8624.GB83-76/86 方头圆柱球面螺钉...............................J22-125.大园头螺钉............................................................GB83326.g开口垫圈.............................................................GB85127.带孔销...................................................................GB88028.GB6170-86 螺母......................................................J11-129.GB6172-86 外六角扁螺母.......................................J11-230.GB56-86 外六角厚螺母...........................................J11-331.GB923-86 盖型螺母.................................................J13-232.GB812-86 圆螺母....................................................J14-433.GB5782/5783-86 外六角螺钉...................................J21-134.g 镶条螺钉............................................................J21-1135.GB67-76/86 开槽半圆头螺钉...................................J21-436.GB68-76/86 开槽沉头螺钉.......................................J21-637.GB65-76/86 开槽柱头螺钉.......................................J21-838.GB70-76/86 内六角螺钉........................................J21-939.GB83-76/86 方头圆柱球面螺钉...............................J22-140.GB79-76/86 内六柱端紧钉.....................................J22-1041.GB78-76/86 内六角凹端紧定螺钉..........................J22-1242.GB85-76/86 方头紧定螺钉.......................................J22-243.GB73-76/86 开槽平端紧定螺钉...............................J22-344.GB71-76/86 开槽锥端紧定螺钉...............................J22-445.GB75-76/86 开槽柱端紧定螺钉...............................J22-546.GB72-76/86 开槽锥端定位螺钉...............................J22-647.GB835-88 滚花平端螺钉.........................................J22-848.GB78-76/86 内六角锥端紧定螺钉............................J22-949.GB899-76/86 双头螺柱............................................J23-150.GB799-86 十字盘头螺钉.........................................J24-151.GB818-86 十字盘头螺钉.........................................J24-152.GB819-86 十字沉头螺钉.........................................J24-253.GB77-76/86 内六角平端紧定螺钉............................J26-154.GB37-76/86 T型槽螺钉............................................J29-155.GB825-76/86 吊环螺钉............................................J29-356.GB1096-79 普通平键...............................................J31-157.GB1098-76/86 半圆键..............................................J33-158.GB117-86 圆锥销....................................................J41-159.GB117-86 内螺纹圆锥销.........................................J41-260.GB119-86 圆柱销....................................................J44-161.GB119-86 内螺纹圆柱销.........................................J44-262.GB879-76/86 弹性圆柱销........................................J44-463.GB91-76/86 开口销.................................................J44-964.GB97-76/86 平垫圈.................................................J51-165.GB96-76/86 大垫圈.................................................J51-366.GB96-76/86 球面垫圈..............................................J53-167.GB850/76/86 锥面垫圈............................................J53-268.GB93-76/86 弹簧垫圈.............................................J54-169.GB858-76/86 螺母止动垫圈.....................................J55-170.GB854-76/86 单耳止动垫圈.....................................J55-371.GB894-86 轴用弹性挡圈.........................................J62-272.GB893-86 孔用弹性挡圈.........................................J62-373.GB893-86 孔用钢丝挡圈.........................................J62-374.GB305-86 轴承止动环............................................J63-375.GB891-86 螺钉紧固轴端挡圈..................................J64-176.GB885-86 锁钉锁紧挡圈.........................................J65-177.GB827-86 标牌铆钉.................................................J83-178.GB2521-86 凸轮定位钉........................................JB252179.带肩螺母............................................................Q71-1-3280.带肩螺杆............................................................Q71-1-3381.定位套...............................................................Q71-1-3482.销子........................................................................Z64-3。
SAE--J683-1985
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS Copyright 1985 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved.Printed in U.S.A.-2-2.References—There are no referenced publications specified herein.3.Notes3.1Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS CHASSIS COMMITTEETABLE 1—ON-THE ROAD TRUCK TIRESTire Identifications (Radial and Bias)One Envelope Per Tire Size: Min. Dimensions Tube Type Tires Tubeless TiresLow ProfileA in (mm)B (Dual Only)in (mm)C in (mm)6.70 – 15 Lt thru 8.00 – 17.5 LtRefer to Tire Manufacturer for Equivalent Sizes2.50 (63.5) 1.50 (38.1) 1.50 (38.1)7.50 – 20 thru 10.00 – 22 8 – 22.5 thru 11 – 24.5295/75R 22.5 thru 285/75R 24.5 2.50 (63.5) 1.65 (41.9) 1.65 (41.9)11.00 – 20 thru 14.00 – 2412 – 22.5 thru 12 – 24.5N/A3.00 (76.2)1.75 (44.5)1.75 (44.5)Note—For design purposes "D" is the maximum grown tire section width as established by the Tire and Rim Association (TRA). Theminimum clearances specified must be maintained around spring clips. spring bolts, fenders, braces, splash pans, fuel lines, brake lines, brake controls, and wherever necessary.Rationale—Not Applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to set up a guide as to body, frame, and wheel housing clearance to accomodate tire chains, and also the minimum bogie spacing to permit using chains on both axles. These dimensions apply to trucks, buses, and combinations of vehicles 10 001 lb (4535.06 kg) GVW and over, and are based upon recommendations of the Tire and Rim Association and of the National Association of Chain Manufacturers.Reference Section—There are no referenced publications specified herein.Developed by the SAE Truck and Bus Chassis Committee。
SAE_1988-1994中英文对照
RESIDUAL ALIGNING MOMENT TEST残余回正力矩试验Foreword—This Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards Board format.前言:这个文件并没有改变,除了把它变成新的SAE技术标准委员会格式。
1. Scope—This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of tire pull force properties for an uninclined tire (SAE J670e) on a laboratory flat surface tire force and moment machine. It is suitable for accurately determining pull forces and residual aligning moments for passenger and light-truck tires. These properties are important determinants of vehicle trim (See section2.1.2). They describe steady-state, freerolling pull effects ascribable to tires.范围:这个SAE工业标准描述一个倾斜轮胎(SAEJ670e)在试验室平带力和力矩试验机测定轮胎牵引力特性。
它精确地测定PCR和LTR轮胎的牵引力和残余回正力矩。
这些特性是车辆轮胎的重要决定因素(见2.1.2节)。
它们描述轮稳态胎在自由滚动状态下的牵引作用。
The test method described in this document is suitable for comparative evaluation of tires for research and development purposes. The method is also suitable for modeling when followed carefully.本文件中描述的试验方法适用于轮胎研究和开发中的对比评价。
SAE J90-1995 汽车非金属垫圈材料标准分类体系
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 2.1.2ASTM P UBLICATIONS—Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM D 2000—Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive ApplicationsASTM E 11—Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing PurposesASTM F 36—Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 37—Test Methods for Sealability of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 38—Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket MaterialASTM F 146—T est Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 147—T est Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket MaterialsASTM F 148—T est Method for Binder Durability of Cork Composition Gasket MaterialsASTM F 152—T est Methods for Tension T esting of Nonmetallic Gasket MaterialsASTM F 433—Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 607—T est Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials to Metal Surfaces3.Significance and Use3.1This classification is intended to encourage uniformity in reporting properties; to provide a common languagefor communications between suppliers and consumers; to guide engineers and designers in the test methods commonly used for commercially available materials; and to be versatile enough to cover new materials and test methods as they are introduced.3.2It is based on the principle that nonmetallic gasket materials should be described, insofar as is possible, interms of specific physical and mechanical characteristics, and that an infinite number of such descriptions can be formulated by use of one or more standard statements based on standard tests. Therefore, users of gasket materials can, by selecting different combinations of statements, specify different combinations of properties desired in various parts. Suppliers, likewise, can report properties available in their respective products.4.Basis of Classification4.1To permit "line call-out" of the descriptions mentioned in 3.2, this classification system establishes letter ornumber symbols or both for various performance levels of each property or characteristic (see Table 1).4.2In specifying or describing gasket materials, each "line call-out" shall include the number of this system (minusdate symbol) followed by the letter "F" and six numerals, for example: SAE J90 (F125400). Since each numeral of the call-out represents a characteristic (as shown in Table 1), six numerals are always required.The numeral "0" is used when the description of any characteristic is not desired. The numeral "9" is used when the description of any characteristic (or test related thereto) is specified by some supplement to this classification system, such as notes on engineering drawings.4.3To further specify or describe gasket materials, each "line call-out" may include one or more suffix letter-numeral symbols, as listed in Table 2, for example: SAE J90 (F125400-B2M4). Various levels of definition may be established by increasing or decreasing the number of letter-numeral symbols used in the "line call-out."TABLE 1—BASIC PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS Basic Six-Digit Number Basic CharacteristicFirst Numeral"Type" of material (the principal fibrous or particulate reinforcement material from which the gasketis made) shall conform to the first numeral of the basic six-digit number, as follows:0 = not specified1 = asbestos2 = cork3 = cellulose4 = fluorocarbon polymer5 = flexible graphite7 = nonasbestos, tested as Type 19 = as specified(1)Second Numeral Class of material (method of manufacture or common trade designation) shall conform to thesecond numeral of the basic six-digit number, as follows:When first numeral is "0" or "9," second numeral:0 = not specified9 = as specified(1)When first numeral is "1" or "7," second numeral:0 = not specified1 = compressed sheeter process2 = beater process3 = paper and millboard9 = as specified1When first numeral is "2," second numeral:0 = not specified1 = cork composition (Class 1)2 = cork and elastomeric (Class 2)3 = cork and cellular rubber (Class 3)9 = as specified(1)When first numeral is "3," second numeral:0 = not specified1 = untreated fiber—tag, chipboard, vulcanized fiber, etc. (Class 1)2 = protein treated (Class 2)3 = elastomeric treated (Class 3)4 = thermosetting resin treated (Class 4)9 = as specified(1)When first numeral is "4," second numeral:0 = not specified1 = sheet PTFE2 = PTFE of expanded structure3 = PTFE filaments, braided, or woven4 = PTFE felts5 = filled PTFE9 = as specifiedWhen first numeral is "5," second numeral:0 = not specified1 = homogeneous sheet2 = laminated sheet9 = as specified(1)TABLE 1—BASIC PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS Basic Six-Digit Number Basic CharacteristicThird Numeral Compressibility characteristics, determined in accordance with 9.2, shall conform to the percentindicated by the third numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 15 to 25%)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 30%1 = 0 to 10% 6 = 25 to 40%2 = 5 to 15%*7 = 30 to 50%3 = 10 to 20%8 = 40 to 60%4 = 15 to 25%9 = as specified(1)*7 to 17% for compressed sheeter processFourth Numeral Thickness increase when immersed in ASTM No. 3 Oil: determined in accordance with 9.3, shallconform to the percent indicated by the fourth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example:4 = 15 to 30%)0 = not specified 5 = 20 to 40%1 = 0 to 15% 6 = 30 to 50%2 = 5 to 20%7 = 40 to 60%3 = 10 to 25%8 = 50 to 70%4 = 15 to 30%9 = as specified(1)Fifth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in ASTM No. 3 Oil: determined in accordance with 9.3, shallconform to the percent indicated by the fifth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example:4 = 30% max)0 = not specified 5 = 40%, max1 = 10%, max 6 = 60%, max2 = 15%, max7 = 80%, max3 = 20%, max8 = 100%, max4 = 30%, max9 = as specified(1)Sixth Numeral Weight increase when immersed in water: determined in accordance with 9.3, shall conform to thepercent indicated by the sixth numeral of the basic six-digit number. (Example: 4 = 30%, max)0 = not specified 5 = 40%, max1 = 10%, max 6 = 60%, max2 = 15%, max7 = 80%, max3 = 20%, max8 = 100%, max4 = 30%, max9 = as specified(1)1.On engineering drawings or other supplement to this classification system.TABLE 2—SUPPLEMENTARY PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS Suffix Symbol Supplementary CharacteristicsA9Sealability characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.4. External load, internalpressure, other details of test, and results shall be as specified on engineering drawing or othersupplement to this classification.B1 through B9Creep relaxation characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.5. Loss of stress at endof 24 h shall not exceed the amount indicated by the numeral of the B-symbol.B1 = 10%B5 = 30%B2 = 15%B6 = 40%B3 = 20%B7 = 50%B4 = 25%B8 = 60%B9 = as specified(1)D00 through D99The former ASTM standard F 64, Test Method for Corrosive and Adhesive Effects of GasketMaterials on Metal Surfaces, was discontinued in 1980. The recently established test for adhesionhas become Test Method ASTM F 607.E00 through E99Weight and thickness change after immersion in ASTM Fuel B shall be determined in accordancewith 9.3. Weight increase shall not exceed the standard rating number indicated by the first numeralof the two-digit number of the E-symbol. Thickness increase shall not exceed the standard ratingnumber indicated by the second numeral of the E-symbol.Weight Increase, %Thickness Increase, %(first numeral) (second numeral)E0_ = not specified E_0 = not specifiedE1_ = 10 E_1 = 0 to 5E2_ = 15 E_2 = 0 to 10E3_ = 20 E_3 = 0 to 15E4_ = 30 E_4 = 5 to 20E5_ = 40 E_5 = 10 to 25E6_ = 60 E_6 = 15 to 35E7_ = 80 E_7 = 25 to 45E8_ = 100 E_8 = 30 to 60E9_ = as specified(1) E_9 = as specified(1)H Adhesion characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.6. Results shall be as specifiedon engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.K1 through K9Thermal conductivity characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.10. The K-factorobtained in W/(m·K)(Btu·in/h·ft2·°F) shall fall within the ranges indicated by the numeral of a Ksymbol.K1 = 0.00 to 0.09 (0.00 to 0.65)K5 = 0.29 to 0.38 (2.00 to 2.65)K2 = 0.07 to 0.17 (0.50 to 1.15)K6 = 0.36 to 0.45 (2.50 to 3.15)K3 = 0.14 to 0.24 (1.00 to 1.65)K7 = 0.43 to 0.53 (3.00 to 3.65)K4 = 0.22 to 0.31 (1.50 to 2.15)K8 = 0.50 to 0.60 (3.50 to 4.15)K9 = as specified(1)M1 through M9Tensile strength characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.7. Results in MPa (psi)shall be no less than the value indicated by the numeral of the M-symbol.TABLE 2—SUPPLEMENTARY PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS Suffix Symbol Supplementary CharacteristicsM1 = 0.689 (100)M5 = 10.342 (1500)M2 = 1.724 (250)M6 = 13.790 (2000)M3 = 3.447 (500)M7 = 20.684 (3000)M4 = 6.895 (1000)M8 = 27.579 (4000)M9 = as specified(1)R Binder Durability characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.8. There shall be noevidence of disintegration at conclusion of test.S9Volume change characteristics, when immersed in ASTM No. 1 Oil, ASTM No. 3 Oil, and ASTMReference Fuel A, shall be determined in accordance with 9.3. Results shall be as specified onengineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.T Flexibility characteristics shall be determined in accordance with 9.9. There shall be no evidence ofcracks, breaks, or separation at conclusion of test.Z Other characteristics shall be as specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to thisclassification.1.On engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification system.4.4For convenience, gasket materials are referred to by Type according to the principal fibrous or particulatereinforcement or other material from which the gasket is made and by Class according to the manufacturing method, or the common trade designation. Type numbers correspond with the first numeral, and class numbers correspond with the second numeral of the basic six-digit line call-out, as shown in Table 1.NOTE—While this "cell-type" format provides the means for close characterization and specification of each property and combinations of properties for a broad range of materials, it is subject to possiblemisapplications, since impossible property combinations can be coded if the user is not familiar withavailable commercial materials. Table A1 of this classification indicates properties, characteristics, andtest methods that are normally considered applicable to each type of material.5.Physical and Mechanical Requirements5.1Gasket materials identified by this classification shall have the characteristics or properties indicated by the firstsix numerals of the line call-out, within the limits shown in Table 1, and by additional letter-numeral symbols shown in Table 2.6.Thickness Requirements6.1Gasket materials identified by this classification system shall conform to the thickness tolerances specified inTable 3.7.Sampling7.1Specimens shall be selected from finished gaskets or sheets of suitable size, whichever is the morepracticable. If sheets are used, they shall, where applicable, be cut squarely with the grain of the stock, and the grain direction shall be noted by an arrow. If finished gaskets are used, the dimensions of sample and any variations from method must be reported.7.2For qualification purposes, thickness shall be 0.8 mm (0.03 in), except for Type 2, where the qualification thickness is to be 1.5 to 6.4 mm (0.06 to 0.25 in), and Type 5 Class 1, where the qualification thickness is to be 0.4 mm (0.015 in). When thicknesses other than those shown previously are to be tested, the specification limits shall be agreed to in writing between the purchaser and the supplier.7.3Sufficient specimens shall be selected to provide a minimum of three determinations for each test specified.The average of the determinations shall be considered as the result.8.Conditioning8.1Prior to all applicable tests, specimens shall be conditioned as follows:8.1.1When the first numeral of line call-out is "1" (Type 1 materials), specimens shall be conditioned in an oven at 100 °C ± 2 °C (212 °F ± 3.6 °F) for 1 h and allowed to cool to 21 to 30 °C (70 to 85 °F) in a desiccator containing anhydrous calcium chloride; except when second numeral of line call-out is "3" (Class 3materials), the specimens shall be conditioned in an oven for 4 h at 100 °C ± 2 °C (212 °F ± 3.6 °F).TABLE 3—THICKNESS TOLERANCESType and Class of Material (First Two Numerals of BasicSix-Digit Number)Thickness Specified, mm (in)ApplicableTolerance, (1) mm (in)1.Tolerances listed are permissible variations applicable to a given lot of sheets or gaskets. Where other thickness tolerances are necessary due to the gasket application, tolerances applicable to individual sheet or gasket may be agreed to in writing between the purchaser and the supplier.11 and 120.41 (0.016) and under+0.13 (+0.005)−0.05 (−0.002)over 0.41 (0.016) and under 1.57 (0.062)±0.13 (±0.005)1.57 (0.062) and over±0.20 (±0.008)13up to 3.18 (0.125)±0.13 (±0.005)3.18 (0.125) to 12.70 (0.500)±0.25 (±0.010)21all thicknesses±10%, or ±0.25 (±0.010)whichever is the greater22under 1.57 (0.062)±0.25 (±0.010)1.57 (0.062) and over±0.38 (±0.015)231.57 (0.062) and over ±0.38 (±0.015)31, 32, and 33 (also 00 and 99) (2)2.Unless otherwise specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification system.0.41 (0.016) and under±0.089 (±0.0035)over 0.41 (0.016) to 1.57 (0.062)±0.13 (±0.005)over 1.57 (0.062) to 2.39 (0.094)±0.20 (±0.008)over 2.39 (0.094)±0.41 (±0.016)51 1.6 (0.062) and under ±0.051 (±0.002)5212.7 (0.5) and under±10%8.1.2When the first numeral of line call-out is "2" (Type 2 materials), specimens shall be conditioned at least 46 h in a controlled-humidity room or in a closed chamber with gentle mechanical circulation of the air at 21 to 30°C (70 to 85 °F) and 50 to 55% relative humidity.NOTE—If a mechanical means of maintaining 50 to 55% relative humidity is not available, a tray containing asaturated solution of reagent grade magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO 3)2·6H 2O, shall be placed in the chamber to provide the required relative humidity.8.1.3When the first numeral of line call-out is "3" (Type 3 materials), specimens shall be preconditioned for 4 h at 21 to 30 °C (70 to 85 °F) in a closed chamber containing anhydrous calcium chloride as a desiccant. The air in the chamber shall be circulated by gentle mechanical agitation. Specimens shall then be transferred immediately to a controlled-humidity room or closed chamber with gentle mechanical circulation of the air and conditioned for at least 20 h at 21 to 30 °C (70 to 85 °F) and 50 to 55% relative humidity.8.1.4When the first numeral of a line call-out is "4", no conditioning of specimens is necessary.8.1.5When the first numeral of a line call-out is "5", test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with 8.1.1(T ype 1 materials).8.1.6When the first numeral of a line call-out is "0" or "9", specimens shall be conditioned as in 8.1.3, unless otherwise specified in supplements to this classification.8.2In all cases where testing is conducted outside the area of specified humidity, specimens shall be removed from the chamber one at a time just prior to testing.9.Test Methods 9.1Thickness9.1.1The specimens shall be measured with a device actuated by a dead-weight load. The device shall be capable of reading in 0.02 mm (0.001 in) or smaller units, and readings shall be estimated to the nearest 0.002 mm (0.0001 in). The presser foot shall be 6.40 mm ± 0.13 mm (0.252 in ± 0.005 in) in diameter. The anvil shall have a diameter not less than that of the presser foot. The pressure on the sample shall be as specified in T able 4.9.1.2The reading shall be taken by lowering the presser foot gently until it is in contact with the specimen. A sufficient number of readings shall be taken, depending on the size of the specimen, to provide a reliable average value.TABLE 4—THICKNESS MEASUREMENT STRESSES AND FORCESType of Material of First Numeral of Six-Digit NumberPressure on Sample, kPa(psi)Total Force on Presser Foot, N (oz) (reference)180.3 ± 6.9 (11.5 ± 1.0) 2.50 (9.0)2 35 ± 6.9 (5.1 ± 1.0) 1.11 (4.0)3 55 ± 6.9 (8.0 ± 1.0) 1.75 (6.3)0 and 9 (1)1.Unless otherwise specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification system.55 ± 6.9 (8.0 ± 1.0) 1.75 (6.3)580.3 ± 6.9 (11.5 ± 1.0)2.50 (9.0)9.2Compressibility and Recovery—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with T est Method ASTM F 36using the procedure which is applicable to the material described by the first two numerals of the basic six-digit number, as given in Table 5.9.3Fluid Resistance—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Method ASTM F 146.9.3.1O THER T YPES O F M ATERIALS (A S I NDICATED B Y 0 O R 9 F IRST N UMERAL O F B ASIC S IX -DIGIT N UMBER )—Use the same apparatus and general procedure outlined for Type 3 materials, unless otherwise specified in the engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.9.4Sealability—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Method ASTM F 37.9.5Creep Relaxation—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Method ASTM F 38.9.6Adhesion—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Method ASTM F 607.9.7Tensile Strength—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test Method ASTM F 152.9.7.1O THER T YPES O F M ATERIAL (A S I NDICATED B Y 0 O R 9 F IRST N UMERAL O F B ASIC S IX -DIGIT N UMBER )—Use the same apparatus and general procedure outlined for Type 3 materials, unless otherwise specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification.9.8Binder Durability—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with appropriate procedures in Test Method ASTM F 148.9.9Flexibility—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with appropriate procedures in T est Method ASTM F 147.9.10Thermal Conductivity—Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Practice ASTM F 433, using atemperature of 100 °C ± 2 °C (212 °F ± 3.6 °F).PREPARED BY THE SAE GASKETING STANDARDS COMMITTEETABLE 5—COMPRESSIBILITY TEST METHODSFirst Two Numerals of Six-Digit NumberProcedure,Test Method ASTM F 36Pressure, MPa (psi)11 and 12A 34.474 (5000) 13H 6.895 (1000) 21 and 23F 0.689 (100) 22B 2.758 (400) 31, 32, 33, and 34G 6.895 (1000) 00 and 99G (1)1.Unless otherwise specified on engineering drawing or other supplement to this classification system.6.895 (1000) 51 and 52A 34.474 (5000) 71 and 72J 34.474 (5000) 73K6.895 (1000)APPENDIX A(NONMANDATORY INFORMATION)A.1Applicable Test MethodsA.1.1Table A1 indicates properties, characteristics, and test methods that are normally considered applicable toeach type of material. It is not intended to limit the use of numeral-symbols as provided in Classification System SAE J90 where experience indicates that the related properties, characteristics, or test methods, or both, are applicable.A.1.2Table A2 is being provided to offer an explanation of the system of identification of gasket materials previouslyused in SAE J90a which has been superseded by Classification System SAE J90.A.1.3Tables A3, A4, and A5 are also retained in this appendix to provide a reference for transforming formerly usedP-number identification into the present SAE J90.SAE J90 Reaffirmed MAR95Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—The classification system provides a means for specifying or describing pertinent properties of commercial nonmetallic gasket materials. Materials composed of asbestos, cork cellulose, and other organic or inorganic materials in combination with various binders or impregnants are included.Materials normally classified as rubber compounds are not included, since they are covered in SAE J200—ASTM D 2000. Gasket coatings are not covered, since details thereof are intended to be given on engineering drawings or in separate specifications.Reference SectionSAE J90—Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Automotive Gasket MaterialsSAE J200—Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive ApplicationsASTM D 2000—Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive ApplicationsASTM E 11—Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing PurposesASTM F 36—Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 37—Test Methods for Sealability of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 38—Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket MaterialASTM F 146—T est Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 147—T est Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket MaterialsASTM F 148—T est Method for Binder Durability of Cork Composition Gasket MaterialsASTM F 152—T est Methods for Tension T esting of Nonmetallic Gasket MaterialsASTM F 433—Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gasket MaterialsASTM F 607—T est Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials to Metal SurfacesDeveloped by the SAE Gasket Standards Committee。
SAEJ158v001
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (412) 772-8512 FAX: (412) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (412) 776-4970 FAX: (412) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 3.Grades—The specified grades, hardness range, and final heat treatment are shown in Table 1.4.Hardness4.1The area or areas on the casting where hardness is to be checked shall be established by agreement between supplier and purchaser.4.2The foundry shall exercise the necessary controls and inspection techniques to insure compliance with the specified hardness range. Brinell hardness shall be determined according to ASTM E10, Test for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials, after sufficient material has been removed from the casting surface to insure representative hardness readings. The 10 mm ball and 3000 kg load shall be used unless otherwise agreed upon.5.Microstructure5.1The microstructure of Grade M3210 malleable iron shall consist of temper carbon nodules distributed in a matrix of ferrite. The rim or surface layer (see A.3.3) shall not exceed 127 mm (0.050 in).Unless otherwise specified, the material below the rim can contain some pearlite; however, it shall not exceed the amount shown in Figure 1.5.2The microstructure of the other grades shall consist of temper carbon nodules distributed in a matrix of ferrite and tempered pearlite in air quenched castings and in a matrix of tempered martensite in liquid quenched castings. All grades shall be substantially free of primary graphite or primary cementite.6.Quality Assurance—Sampling plans are a matter of agreement between supplier and purchaser. The supplier shall employ adequate equipment and controls to insure that parts conform to the agreed upon requirements.TABLE 1—GRADES OF MALLEABLE IRONGrade Casting HardnessRange atLocations Shown on DrawingHeat Treatment M3210156 HB max or as agreed (4.8 BID min)AnnealedM4504163–217 HB or as agreed (4.7-4.1 BID)Air quenched and tempered (1)1. Liquid quenching and tempering or alloying may be used to produce this grade if agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.M5003187-241 HB or as agreed (4.4-3.9 BID)Air quenched and tempered (1)M5503187–241 HB or as agreed (4.4-3.9 BID)Liquid quenched and tempered M7002229–269 HB or as agreed (4.0-3.7 BID)Liquid quenched and tempered M8501269–302 HB or as agreed (3.7-3.5 BID)Liquid quenched and temperedN OTE :Brinell impression diameter (BID) is the diameter in millimeters (mm) of the impression of a10mm ball at 3000 kg load.FIGURE 1—REFERENCE PHOTOMICROGRAPH OF ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM PEARLITE IN GRADE M3210 IRON (100X, 2% NIT AL ETCH), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTURE7.General7.1Castings furnished to this standard shall be representative of good foundry practice and shall conform todimensions and tolerances specified on the casting drawing.7.2Minor imperfections usually not associated with the structural function may occur in castings. Theseimperfections often are repairable; however, repairs shall be made only in areas and by methods approved by the purchaser.7.3Additional casting requirements, such as vendor identification, other casting information, and special testing,may be agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier. These should appear as additional product requirements on the casting drawing.8.Notes8.1Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locatingareas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the reportPREPARED BY THE SAE IRON AND STEEL T ECHNICAL COMMITTEE DIVISION 9—AUTOMOTIVE IRON AND STEEL CASTINGSAPPENDIX AMALLEABLE IRON—(A material description not a part of the standard)A.1Definition and Classification—Malleable iron is a cast iron in which the graphite is present as temper carbonnodules, instead of flakes as gray iron or spherulites as in ductile iron.The term malleable iron refers to all grades, including those with a ferritic, pearlitic, tempered pearlitic, or tempered martensitic matrix.A.2Chemical Composition—The chemical composition of malleable iron generally conforms to the followingranges:a.Total Carbon—2.20 to 2.90%b.Silicon—0.90 to 1.90%c.Manganese—0.15 to 1.25%d.Sulfur—0.02 to 0.20%e.Phosphorus—0.02 to 0.10%Individual foundries will produce to narrower ranges than those shown above. The composition is controlled such that the molten iron solidifies with all the carbon in the combined form, producing a "white iron" structure which is heat treated to specifications.A.3MicrostructureA.3.1The microstructure of malleable irons covered in this standard consist of temper carbon nodules in a matrix offerrite, pearlite, tempered pearlite, or tempered martensite or certain combinations of these. The structure of the matrix is controlled by heat treatment and/or composition.A.3.2The matrix of the M3210 grade of malleable iron is essentially ferritic but a small amount of pearlite ispermitted. The matrices of the other grades of malleable iron contain combined carbon as pearlite, tempered pearlite, or tempered martensite.A.3.3Because of reaction with the annealing furnace atmosphere, some depletion of carbon and silicon occurs atthe surface of the castings. This usually results in a rim which, if excessive, can result in poor machinability.The rim on M3210 malleable iron can consist of coarse pearlite underlying a graphite-free layer sometimes containing more or less combined carbon than the underlying material.A.3.4Typical microstructure of the various grades of malleable iron are shown in Figures A1 to A6.FIGURE A1—M3210, APPROXIMA TE 143 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREFIGURE A2—M4504, APPROXIMA TE 207 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREFIGURE A3—M5003, APPROXIMA TE 229 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREFIGURE A4—M5503, APPROXIMA TE 229 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREFIGURE A5—M7002, APPROXIMA TE 262 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREFIGURE A6—M8501, APPROXIMA TE 285 HB (100X), TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTUREA.4Mechanical Properties—The mechanical properties listed in Table A1 are intended as guidelines; but, sinceproperties may vary with location in a given casting, the suitability of a particular metal for an intended use is best determined by laboratory or service tests.The mechanical properties with microstructure and hardness. For optimum mechanical properties, especially in the liquid quenched and tempered grade, section size should generally not exceed 19 mm (3/4 in) to insurea uniform structure.A.5Typical ApplicationsA.5.1M3210 is used where good machinability and ductility are important, such as steering gear housings, carriers,and mounting brackets.A.5.2M4504 is used where slightly higher strength and hardness than M3210 are required, such as certaincompressor crankshafts and hubs.A.5.3M5003 is used where moderate strength and/or selective hardening are required for parts such as planetcarriers, certain transmission gears, and differential cases.A.5.4M5503 is used where better machinability and/or improved response to induction hardening than M5003 arenecessary for parts requiring moderate strength.A.5.5M7002 is used for parts where high strength is required such as connecting rods and universal joint yokes.A.5.6M8501 is used where high strength and/or wear resistance are required, such as certain gears.TABLE A1—TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR MALLEABLE IRONSGrade HardnessRange(1)1.Brinell impression diameter (BID) is the diameter in millimeters (mm) of the impression of a 10 mm ball at 3000 kg load.Heat Treatment Tensile Strength,MPa (psi)Yield Strength 0.2% Offset,MPa (psi)Elongation,% In 2 InModulus of Elasticity,106 psi (GPa)M3210156 HB max Annealed3452241025(4.8 BID min)(50 000)(32 000)(172)M4504163–217 HB Airquenched and tempered448310 426(4.7-4.1 BID)(65 000)(45 000)(179)M5003187-241 HB Air517345326(4.4-3.9 BID)quenched and tempered (75 000)(50 000)(179)M5503187–241 HB Liquidquenched and tempered517379 326(4.4-3.9 BID)(75 000)(55 000)(179)M7002229-269 HB Liquid621483226(4.0-3.7 BID)quenched and tempered (90 000)(70 000)(179)M8501269–302 HB Liquidquenched and tempered724586 126(3.7-3.5 BID)(105 000)(85 000)(179)Note:These properties were obtained on separately cast test bars and may vary in various sections of a casting depending on composition and cooling rate.Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—This SAE Standard covers the hardness and microstructural requirements for malleable iron castings - ferritic, pearlitic, tempered pearlitic, and tempered martensitic grades used in automotive and allied industries. Castings shall be heat treated to meet this SAE Standard. The Appendix provides general information on the application of malleable iron castings and their chemical composition to meet hardness, microstructure, and other properties needed for particular service conditions. The mechanical properties in the Appendix are provided for design purposes.Reference SectionASTM E10—Test for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsASTM STP-455—Gray, Ductile, and Malleable Iron Casting Current CapabilitiesCast Metals Handbook, American Foundrymen’s Society, Des Plaines, ILMalleable Iron Castings, Malleable Founders Society, Cleveland, OHMetals Handbook, Vol. 1, 8th Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OHModeran Pearlitic Malleable Castings Handbook, Malleable Research and Development Foundation, Dayton, OHH. D. Angus, Physical and Engineering Properties of Cast Iron, British Iron Research Association,Birmingham, England, 1960G .N. J. Gilbert, Engineering Data on Malleable Cast Iron, British Cast Iron Research Association,Birmingham, England, 1968Developed by the SAE Iron and Steel Technical Committee Division 9—Automotive Iron and Steel Castings Sponsored by the SAE Iron and Steel Technical Committee。
【SAE汽车标准】sae j741-1993
SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J741 ISO 6485SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790http:\\Copyright 1993 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.FIGURE 1—RUBBER-TIRED TRACTOR-SCRAPER FIGURE 2—COMPONENTS OF SCRAPER BOWLSFIGURE 3—BOUNDARIES OF STRUCK VOLUME: PLANE OF 1:1 (45 DEGREES)If in the position of 4.1.3, the apron does not contact the cutting edge, the opening shall be closed by the plane defined by the line of intersection of the cutting edge and the bowl floor and the line defined by the outermost points of the apron lip.The interior surfaces of the cutting edge, bowl floor, ejector, and bowl sides.The plane defined by the mean lines above which, in a side view of the bowl, there is an area of bowl side equal to the non-bowl side area under the lines. See Figure 4.FIGURE 4—BOUNDARIES OF STRUCK VOLUME: PLANE DEFINED BY MEAN LINEBoundaries of the Top (Heaped) VolumeAny load-carrying extension of the ejector above the upper plane of the struck volume. See Figure 5.FIGURE 5—BOUNDARIES OF TOP (HEAPED) VOLUME: PLANES OF 1:1 (45 DEGREES)Planes of 1:1 (45 degree) slope, up and in, from the upper edges of the struck volume and surfaces of 4.3.1. See Figure 5. It does not mean that the material will form this angle but this angle of repose generally expresses best the angle of repose of the usual soils.Rated volume is the sum of the struck and top (heaped) volumes.The effect of local discontinuities—gussets, apron arms, etc., on the volume shall be ignored.Expression of RatingsAny published ratings must be within 3% of the volume determined by this procedure.SAE J741 Revised JUN93Rationale—The SAE J741 standard was reviewed by an Ad Hoc committee of SC9, ORMTC. On considering the effects of updating the document to the latest format and converting it to pure metric units, it was found that it would become essentially identical to ISO 6485. It is obvious that the drafters of ISO 6485 patterned it closely after SAE J741.The proposal, therefore, is to adopt ISO 6485, with only the addition of appropriate SAE documents in the References section. The only point of difference, mentioned here as a matter of record, is that the ISO document does not change the capacity increment to 1 m3 for capacities above 50 m3. This was not seen as even a small problem.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—This document is equivalent to ISO 6485 except for the addition of SAE document references in Sections 1 and 2.Application—This SAE Standard specifies a procedure for approximating the volume of typical materials contained in the bowl of Open Bowl scrapers as defined in SAE J728 and SAE J1057. The volumes are based on the inside dimensions of the bowl and representative volumes on top of the bowl. This rating method is intended to provide a consistent means of comparing capacities; it is not intended to define actual capacities that might be observed in any specific application.Reference SectionSAE J728 JUL90—Component Nomenclature—LoaderSAE J1057 SEP88—Identification Terminology of Earthmoving MachinesISO 6485—Earth-moving machinery—Tractor-scraper volumetric ratingISO 7133—Earth-moving machinery—Tractors-scrapers—TerminologyDeveloped by the SAE Off-Road Machinery Technical Committee SC9—Earthmoving Machinery and Mounted AttachmentsSponsored by the SAE Off-Road Machinery Technical Committee.如果买家需要PDF格式的本标准,可以提供邮箱给我(前提是购买了本标准),我免费发送到你的邮箱。
SAE_J标准目录中文
SAE 目录代号名称1. SAE TSB002-1992 SAE 技术报告的准备2. SAETSB003-1999 SAE 使用公制(Metric)单位的规则3. SAE TSB004-1998 技术委员会指南4. SAE J 10-2000 汽车和非道路车辆气制动储气罐性能要求和识别要求5. SAE J 17-2003 天然泡沫橡胶6. SAE J 18-2002 海绵橡胶和多孔橡胶制品7. SAE J19-1997 汽车用乳胶浸渍制品和涂料8. SAE J 20-2003 冷却系统软管9. SAE J20-1-2002 冷却软管(政府用于替代MS52130 部分而对SAE J20 进行的增补)10. SAE J 20-2-2001 钢丝缠绕支撑冷却软管的正常使用(SAE J20 的增补件)11. SAE J 30-1998 燃油和机油软管12. SAE J 31-1986 液压式铲车举升能力13. SAE J33-2000 雪地车定义和术语—总则14. SAE J 34-2001 机动游艇外部噪声测量规程15. SAE J 38-1991 装载机举升臂支撑装置16. SAE J 43-1988 工业轮式装载机和铲车轴载荷17. SAE J 44-2003 雪地车行车制动系统性能要求18. SAE J 45-2003 雪地车制动系统试验规程19. SAE J 46-1993 车轮打滑制动控制系统道路试验规程20. SAE J 47-1998 摩托车潜在最大噪声声级21. SAE J 48-1993 液面指示器指南22. SAE J49-1980 液压铲车技术参数的定义23. SAE J 51-1998 汽车空调软管24. SAE J56-1999 道路车辆—带调节器的交流发电机—试验方法和一般要求25. SAE J57-2000 公路载货车轮胎噪声声级26. SAE J 58-1998 带凸缘的12 角头螺钉27. SAE J 64-1995 雪地车识别代号28. SAE J 67-1998 铲斗,抓斗和挖斗额定容量29. SAE J 68-1991 雪地车开关装置和部件试验30. SAE J 75-1999 机动车制动液容器兼容性31. SAE J 78-1998 钢制自攻螺钉32. SAE J 79 制动盘和制动鼓热电偶安装33. SAE J 80-1997 汽车用橡胶垫34. SAE J 81-1997 滚丝螺钉35. SAE J 82-1998 机制螺钉机械和质量要求36. SAE J 88-1995 非道路工作机械外部噪声测量37. SAE J89-1995 雪地车坐椅动态缓冲性能标准38. SAE J 90-1995 汽车非金属垫圈材料标准分类体系39. SAE J 92-1995 雪地车节气门控制系统40. SAE J 95-1986 工业设备前照灯 1 代号名称41. SAE J 96-1986 工业设备闪光警报灯42. SAE J 98-1998 通用工业机械人员防护43. SAE J 99-2003 公路上使用的工业设备灯光和标志44. SAE J 100-1999 A 类车辆风窗玻璃阴影区域45. SAE J 101-1989 汽车鼓式制动器液力分泵46. SAE J 107-1996 摩托车操纵件和显示器47. SAE J 108-2000 摩托车制动系统试验代码48. SAE J 109-2000 摩托车和动力驱动自行车行车制动系统性能要求49. SAE J 112a 电动风窗玻璃刮水器开关50. SAE J 113 冷拔机械弹簧钢丝和弹簧51. SAE J 114-1994 座椅安全带织带磨损性能要求52. SAE J 115-2003 安全标志53. SAE J 119-1987 纤维板褶皱弯曲试验54. SAE J 121M-1997 淬硬和回火螺纹紧固件的脱碳55. SAE J 121-1997 淬硬和回火螺纹紧固件的脱碳56. SAE J 122-1998 螺母表面的不连续性57. SAE J 123-1994 用于疲劳载荷的螺栓,螺钉和双头螺栓的表面不连续性58. SAE J 125-1988 铸铁温升性能59. SAE J 126-1986 冷、热轧钢板和钢带的选择和说明60. SAE J 128-1994 乘用车和轻型载货车乘员约束系统评价61. SAE J 129-1981 发动机和传动系识别号码62. SAE J 131-2003 摩托车转向信号灯63. SAE J 133-2003 商用挂车和半挂车牵引销性能64. SAE J 134-1993 乘用车和轻型载货车与挂车组成的列车制动系统道路试验代码65. SAE J 135-1993 乘用车与挂车组成的列车行车制动系统性能要求66. SAE J 138 试验人体动力学研究摄影分析指南67. SAE J 139-1999 点火系统术语68. SAE J 140-1995 座椅安全带硬件试验规程69. SAE J 141-1995 座椅安全带硬件性能要求70. SAE J 153-1987 操作人员预防措施71.SAE J 156-2000 保险丝72. SAE J 159-2002 额定容量系统73. SAE J 160-2001 摩擦材料在暴露在温度升高的环境中时尺寸的稳定性74. SAE J 163-2001 低压电线和电缆终端接头及铰接夹75. SAE J 164-1997 散热器盖和加水口颈76. SAE J 167-2002农用拖拉机顶部防护—试验规程和性能要求77. SAE J 169-1985 非道路车辆操作人员空间内空调系统的设计指南78. SAE J 174-1998 英制钢螺纹紧固件力矩-应力试验规程79. SAE J 174M-1998 公制钢螺纹紧固件力矩-应力试验规程80. SAE J 175-2003 道路车辆车轮冲击试验规程81. SAE J 176-1994 非道路自驱动工作机械快速加油设备82. SAE J 179-2001 载货车盘式车轮和可拆卸轮辋—表识 2 代号名称83. SAE J 180-2002 建筑和工业机械充电系统84. SAE J 182-1997 机动车辆基准标志和三维参考系85. SAE J 183-2002 发动机油性能和发动机维修分类(除节能方面外)86. SAE J 184-1998 噪声数据获得系统的检定87. SAE J 185-2003 非道路机械的接近系统88. SAE J 187 载货车识别号码89. SAE J 188-2003 高体积膨胀型动力转向压力软管90. SAE J 189-1998 低压动力转向回油软管91. SAE J 190-1998 钢丝编织动力转向压力软管92. SAE J 191-2003 低体积膨胀型动力转向压力软管93. SAE J 192-2003 雪地车外部噪声等级94. SAE J 193-1996 球节及球座总成试验规程95. SAE J 195-1988机动车辆自动车速控制器96. SAE J 198-2003 载货车、大客车及多用途车风窗玻璃刮水系统97. SAE J 200-2001 橡胶材料分类体系98. SAE J 201-1997 乘用车和轻型载货车在用制动器性能试验规程99. SAE J 207-1985 汽车金属装饰件和结构件的镀铬和镍100.101. SAE J 211-1-2003 冲击试验用仪器—第 1 部分—电子仪器102. SAE J 211-2-2001 冲击试验用仪器—第2 部分—摄影仪器103. SAE J 212-1998 乘用车制动系统测功机试验规程104. SAE J 213-1997 摩托车分类105.106. SAE J216-1999 乘用车玻璃—电路107. SAE J 217-1994 不锈钢17-7PH 弹簧钢丝和弹簧108. SAE J 218-1981 乘用车识别术语109. SAE J 220-1998 起重机起重臂限位装置110. SAE J 222-2000 驻车灯(前位置灯)111. SAE J 224-1980 碰撞变形分类112. SAE J 225-2003 商用车制动系统扭矩平衡试验代码113. SAE J 226-1995 发动机预热器114. SAE J 228-1995 空气流量参考标准115. SAE J 229-1993 乘用车行车制动器结构总成试验规程116. SAE J 230-1994 不锈钢,SAE 30302,弹簧钢丝和弹簧117. SAE J 232-1994 工业旋转割草机118. SAE J 234 电动风窗玻璃清洗器开关119. SAE J 235 电动鼓风机电机开关120. SAE J 238-1998 螺母和锥形弹簧垫圈总成121. SAE J 240-2002 汽车蓄电池寿命试验122. SAE J 243 汽车密封胶,粘结剂和缓冲胶剂的试验方法123. SAE J 244-1992 柴油机进气或排气流量测量124. SAE J 246-2000 球面和凸缘管接头125. SAE J 247-1987 测量车内噪声脉冲的仪器3 代号名称126. SAE J 249-1988 机械制动灯开关127. SAE J 250 合成树脂塑料密封胶—不干型128. SAE J 253-1989 前照灯开关129. SAE J 254-1993 废气排放测量用仪器和测量技术130. SAE J 257-1997 商用车制动器额定功率要求131. SAE J 259 点火开关132. SAE J 264-1998 视野术语133. SAE J 265-2002 柴油机燃油喷嘴总成—8,9,10 和11 型134. SAE J 266-1996 乘用车和轻型载货车稳态方向控制试验规程135. SAE J267-1999 车轮/轮辋—载货车—性能要求和试验规程136. SAE J 268-1989 摩托车后视镜137. SAE J 272-1981 车辆识别号码体系138. SAE J 273-1981 乘用车识别号码体系139. SAE J 274-1989 悬架弹簧额定承载能力140. SAE J 276-2002 铰接式装载机和拖拉机转向锁141. SAE J 277-1995 雪地车电气系统设计电压的维持142. SAE J278-1995 雪地车制动灯143. SAE J 279-1995 雪地车尾灯(后位置灯)144. SAE J 280-1984 雪地车前照灯145. SAE J 283-1999 带三点式挂接装置的农用拖拉机液压举升能力试验规程146. SAE J 284-2002 农用、建筑和工业装备安全警报信号147. SAE J 285-1999 汽油分配泵喷嘴148. SAE J 286-1996 SAE 第2 号离合器摩擦试验机械指南149. SAE J 287-1988 驾驶员手控制区域150. SAE J 288-2002 雪地车燃油箱151. SAE J 291-1980 制动液温度的确定152. SAE J 292-1995 雪地车及车灯、反射装置和相关装备153. SAE J 293-1995 车辆坡道驻车性能要求154. SAE J 294-1993 GVWR 大于4 500 公斤(10 000 lb)车辆的行车制动器总成试验规程155. SAE J 297-2002 工业装备操作人员控制件156. SAE J 299-1993 制动距离试验规程157. SAE J 300-1999 发动机机油黏度分级158. SAE J 301-1999 新的或已修订技术报告的有效日期159. SAE J 304-1999 发动机机油试验160. SAE J 306-1998 汽车齿轮润滑剂黏度分级161. SAE J 308-1996 轴和手动变速器润滑剂162. SAE J 310-2000 汽车润滑脂163. SAE J 311-2000 乘用车自动变速器液164. SAE J 312-2001 车用汽油165. SAE J 313-1998 柴油166. SAE J 314-2002 毛毡—羊毛和部分羊毛167. SAE J 315-1985 纤维板试验规程4 代号名称168. SAE J 318-2003 汽车气制动管接头169. SAE J 321-1999 推土机牵引机械操作人员防护轮罩170. SAE J 322-1996 非金属装饰材料—确定抗硫化氢腐蚀性的试验方法171. SAE J 323-1998 确定柔性塑料材料冷裂性的试验方法172. SAE J 326-1986 液压反铲挖掘机术语173. SAE J328-1994 乘用车及轻型载货车车轮性能要求和试验规程174. SAE J 331-2000 摩托车噪声声级175. SAE J 332-2002 测量乘用车和轻型载货车轮胎一致性的试验机械176. SAE J 335-1995 多位小型发动机排气系统点火抑制177. SAE J 336-2001 载货车驾驶室内部噪声声级178. SAE J 339-1994 座椅安全带织带磨损试验规程179. SAE J 342-1991 大型发动机火花防止器试验规程180. SAE J 343-2001 SAE 100R 系列液压软管和软管总成试验和试验规程181. SAE J 345a 干或湿路面乘用车轮胎最大和抱死时车轮制动力182. SAE J 347-2002 7 型(9.5 mm)柴油机燃油喷嘴总成183. SAE J 348-1990 车轮三角垫木184. SAE J 349-1991 黑色金属杆,棒,管和丝的表面缺陷检查185. SAE J 350-1991 中型发动机火花防止器试验规程186. SAE J 356-1999 可以抑制焊瘤的弯曲,双层扩口和卷边正火低碳钢187. SAE J 357-1999 发动机油的物理和化学特性188. SAE J 358-1991 非破坏性试验189. SAE J 359-1991 红外线试验190. SAE J 360-2001 载货车和大客车坡道驻车性能试验规程191. SAE J 361-1996汽车内饰件和外饰件视觉评价规程192. SAE J 363-1994 滤清器座的安装193. SAE J 365-1994 装饰材料抗擦伤性试验方法194. SAE J 366-2001 重型载货车和大客车外部噪声声级195.196. SAE J 369-2003 车辆内部聚合物材料燃烧特性—试验方法197. SAE J 370-1998 建筑和工业机械用螺栓和内六角螺钉尺寸198. SAE J 371-1993 非道路自驱动工作机械的放油、注油和油位螺塞199. SAE J 373-1993 单片和双片弹簧加载式离合器壳内尺寸200. SAE J 374-2002 车顶抗压试验规程201. SAE J 375-1994 负荷半径式悬臂角指示系统202. SAE J 376-1985 起重机举升负载指示装置203. SAE J 377-2001 车辆通行声音信号装置204. SAE J 378-1988 船用发动机布线205. SAE J 379-1996 制动衬片高氏硬度206. SAE J 380-2002 摩擦材料比重207. SAE J381-2000 载货车,大客车和多用途车风窗玻璃除雾系统试验规程和性能要求208. SAE J 383-1995 机动车辆座椅安全带固定点设计建议209. SAE J 384-1994 机动车辆座椅安全带固定点试验规程5 代号名称210. SAE J 385-1995 机动车辆座椅安全带固定点性能要求211. SAE J 386-1997 非道路工作机械操作人员约束系统212. SAE J 387-1995 机动车辆灯光术语213. SAE J 390-1999 双向尺寸214. SAE J391-1981 颗粒物尺寸定义215.216. SAE J 393-2001 商用车辆车轮,轮毂,轮辋术语217. SAE J 397-1995 防护结构试验室评价—偏转极限值218. SAE J 398-1995 乘用车,多用途车和轻型载货车燃油箱加注口条件219. SAE J 399-1985 阳极化处理的铝制汽车部件220. SAE J 400-2002 表面覆层的耐剥落试验221. SAE J 401-2000 钢的选择和使用222. SAE J 402-1997 锻制钢和轧制钢的SAE 编号系统223. SAE J403-2001 SAE 碳素钢的化学成分224. SAE J 404-2000 SAE 合金钢的化学成分225. SAE J 405-1998 SAE 锻制不锈钢的化学成分226. SAE J 406-1998 钢的可淬性确定方法227. SAE J 409-1995 产品分析—热处理或铸钢化学成分分析的容许变差228. SAE J 411-1997 碳素钢和合金钢229. SAE J 412-1995 钢的热处理和一般特性230. SAE J 413-2002 热处理可锻钢的机械性能231. SAE J 415-1995 热处理术语定义232. SAE J 417-1983 硬度试验和硬度值换算233. SAE J 419-1983 脱碳的测量方法234. SAE J 420-1991 磁粉检查235. SAE J 422-1983 用显微镜确定钢所含物质的方法236. SAE J 423-1998 硬化层深度测量方法237. SAE J 425-1991 用涡电流法进行电磁试验238. SAE J 426-1991 液体渗透剂试验方法239. SAE J 427-1991 渗透辐射检查240. SAE J 428-1991 超声波检查241. SAE J 429-1999 外螺纹紧固件机械性能和材料要求242. SAE J 430-1998 非螺纹紧固件碳素钢实心铆钉机械性能和材料要求243. SAE J 431-2000 汽车灰铸铁件244. SAE J 434-1986 汽车可锻(球墨)铸铁件245. SAE J 435-2002 汽车铸钢件246. SAE J 437a 工具和模具钢的选用和热处理247. SAE J438b 工具和模具钢248. SAE J 439a 硬质合金刀具249. SAE J 441-1993 切割钢丝喷丸250. SAE J 442-2001 喷丸处理用试验带,支架和钢带251. SAE J 443-2003 使用标准喷丸试验带的规程252. SAE J 444-1993 喷丸处理和喷砂清洗用铸丸和铸粒的规格 6 代号名称253. SAE J 445-1996 金属喷丸和喷粒的机械性能试验254. SAE J 447-1995 机动车辆车身及底盘部件的防腐255. SAE J 448a 表面质地256. SAE J449a 表面质地的控制257. SAE J 450-2002 屈服强度和屈服点术语的使用258. SAE J 451-1989 铝合金—基本原理259. SAE J 452-2003 SAE 铸铝合金的一般信息—化学组成,机械和物理性能260. SAE J 454-1991 锻制铝合金的一半数据261. SAE J 457-1991 SAE 锻制铝合金的化学组成,机械性能限值和尺寸公差262. SAE J459-1991 轴承和轴瓦合金263. SAE J 460-1991 轴承和轴瓦合金—SAE 轴承和轴瓦的化学组成264. SAE J 461-2002 锻铜和铸铜合金265. SAE J 462-1981 锻铜合金266. SAE J 463-2002 锻铜和铜合金267. SAE J 464-1989 镁合金268. SAE J 465-1989 铸镁合金269. SAE J 466-1989 锻镁合金270. SAE J 467b 特殊用途合金(超级合金)271. SAE J 468-1988 锌合金锭和压铸件锌合金的成分272. SAE J 469-1989 锌模铸合金273. SAE J 470c 锻镍和与镍有关的合金274. SAE J 471d 粉末冶金黑色金属部件275. SAE J 473a 焊锡276. SAE J 474-1985 电镀及抛光277. SAE J 476a 干密封式管螺纹278. SAE J 482-1998 高六角头螺母279. SAE J 483-1998 槽顶(暗,盖帽式)螺母280. SAE J 485-1998 安装开口销用螺栓和螺钉杆上的孔及螺母的槽281. SAE J 490-1996 球节282. SAE J 491-1987 转向球头销和球座总成283. SAE J 492 铆钉和铆接284. SAE J 493 杆端销和U 形夹285. SAE J 494 带槽销286. SAE J 495 圆柱销(实心)287. SAE J 496 弹性圆柱销288. SAE J 497 非淬火接地柱销289. SAE J 499a 装配用零件软拉孔直齿内花键290. SAE J 501 轴端291. SAE J 502 半圆键292. SAE J 503 半圆键槽和键沟2.。
ESD_Standards
2005 Annual Reference Guide • Compliance Engineering 99ESD Association StandardsANSI ESD S1.1:1998—Evaluation,acceptance,and functional testing of wrist straps.ANSI ESD S4.1:1997—Work surfaces—Resistance measurements.ANSI ESD STM5.1:2001—Electrostatic discharge sensitivity testing—Human body model.ANSI ESD S6.1:1999—Grounding—Recommended practice.ANSI ESD S8.1:2001—ESD awareness symbols.ANSI ESD S20.20:1999—Standard for the develop-ment of an ESD control program.ANSI ESD STM2.1:1997—Resistance test method for electrostatic discharge protective garments.ANSI ESD STM3.1:2000—Ionization.ANSI ESD STM4.2:1998—Work surfaces—Charge dissipation characteristics.ANSI ESD STM5.2:1999—Electrostatic discharge sensitivity testing—Machine model.ANSI ESD STM5.3.1:1999—Charged device model (CDM)—Component level.ANSI ESD STM9.1:2001—Resistive characterization of footwear.ANSI ESD STM11.11:2001—Surface resistance mea-surement of static dissipative planar materials ANSI ESD STM11.12:2000—Volume resistance measurement of static dissipative planar materials.ANSI ESD STM12.1:1997—Seating—Resistive characterization.ANSI ESD STM11.31:2001—Evaluating the perfor-mance of electrostatic discharge shielding bags.ANSI ESD STM97.1:1999—Floor materials and footwear—Resistance in combination with a person.ANSI ESD STM97.2:1999—Floor materials and footwear—Voltage measurement in combination with a person.ESD S541:2003—Packaging materials for ESD sen-sitive items.ESD SP9.2:2003—Foot grounders—Resistive characterization.ESD SP3.3:2000—Periodic verification of air ionizers.ESD SP10.1:2000—Automated handling equipment.ESD STM7.1:2001—Floor materials—Resistive characterization of materials.ESD STM13.1:2000—Electrical soldering and desoldering hand tools.ESD Association Advisory DocumentsESD ADV1.0:2003—Glossary of terms.ESD ADV3.2:1995—Selection and acceptance of air ionizers.ESD ADV11.2:1995—Triboelectric charge accumu-lation testing.ESD ADV53.1:1995—ESD protective workstations.ESD AssociationTechnical ReportsESD TR 01:1999—Can static electricity be measured? ESD TR 02:1999—High-resistance ohmmeters—Voltage measurements.ESD TR 03:1999—Glove and finger cots.ESD TR 04:1999—EOS safe soldering iron requirements.ESD TR 06:2000—Static electricity hazards of triboelectrically charged garments.ESD TR 07:2000—Calculation of uncertainty associated with measurement of electrostatic discharge (ESD) current.ESD TR 08:2000—Socket device model (SDM)tester.ESD TR 09:2000—T ransient-induced latch-up (TLU).ESD TR 10-01—Machine model (MM) electrostat-ic discharge (ESD) investigation—Reduction in pulse number and delay time.ESD TR 11-04—Electrostatic guidelines and considerations for cleanrooms and clean manufacturing.ESD TR 12-01—Survey of constant (continuous)monitors for wrist straps.ESD TR 13-02—Alternate techniques for measuring ionizer offset voltage and discharge time.ESD TR 14-02—Measurement and ESD control issues for automated equipment handling of ESD sensitive devices below 100 V.ESD TR 15-02—Survey of static control work surfaces and grounding mechanisms.ESD TR 16-03—Voltage and energy susceptible de-vice concepts,including latency considerations.ESD TR 20.20—ESD handbook.Other Standards AATCC 134:2001—Electrostatic propensity of carpets.AFLCR 65-8:1998—Maintenance—Engineering and supply:Electrostatic discharge (ESD) con-trol program.ANSI C37.06:2000—American national standard for switchgear—Ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis—Preferred ratings and related required capabilities.ANSI C37.06.1:2000—American national stan-dard trial-use guide for high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis—Designated “Definite purpose for fast transient recovery voltage rise times.”ANSI C37.16:2000—American national standard for switchgear—Low-voltage power circuit break-ers and ac power circuit protectors—Preferred ratings,related requirements,and application recommendations.ANSI C37.17:1997—American national standard for trip devices for ac and general-purpose dc low-voltage power circuit breakers.ANSI C37.22:1997—American national standardpreferred ratings and related required capabilities for indoor ac medium-voltage switches used in metal-enclosed switchgear.ANSI C63.14:1998—American national standard dictionary for technologies of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC),electromagnetic pulse (EMP),and electrostatic discharge (ESD)—Dictionary of EMC/EMP/ESD terms and definitions.ANSI C63.16:1993—American national standard guide for electrostatic discharge test methodolo-gies and criteria for electronic equipment.ANSI T1.308:1996 (R2002)—Central office equip-ment—Electrostatic discharge immunity requirements.ASTM D257:1999—Standard test methods for dc resistance or conductance of insulating materials.ASTM D991:1989 (R2000)—Standard test method for rubber properties—Volume resistivity of elec-trically conductive and antistatic products.ASTM D2679:1978—Standard test method for elec-trostatic charge.ASTM D5077:1990 (R2003)—Standard terminology relating to ESD packaging materials.ASTM E1549:1993 (R2000)—Standard specifica-tion for ESD-controlled garments required in clean-rooms and controlled environments for spacecraft for nonhazardous and hazardous operations.ASTM E2042:2004—Standard practice for clean-ing and maintaining controlled areas and cleanrooms.ASTM F150:1998—Standard test method for elec-trical resistance of conductive and static dissipa-tive resilient flooring.ASTM F1812:2002—Standard test method for determining the effectiveness of membrane switch ESD shielding.BS 6654:1985 (R1996)—Method for determina-tion of the electrical resistivity of textile floor coverings.BS EN 1149-1:1996—Protective clothing—Electrostatic properties—Surface resistivity (test methods and requirements).BS EN 1149-2:1997—Protective clothing—Electrostatic properties—T est method for measurement of the elec-trical resistance through a material (vertical resistance).BS EN 1718:1999—Light conveyor belts—Test method for the measurement of the electrostatic field generated by a running light conveyor belt.CECC 00015P1:1991—Basic specification forprotection of electrostatic sensitive devices.DI-RELI-80669A:1992—Electrostatic discharge (ESD) control program plan.DI-RELI-80671A:1992—Handling procedures for electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitive items.EIA 471:1996—Symbol and label for electrostatic sensitive devices.EIA 541—Packaging material standards for ESD sensitive items.ESD StandardsThe following list details several major electrostatic discharge (ESD) standards and reference documents in place worldwide.E S D S t a n d a r d s100Compliance Engineering • 2005 Annual Reference GuideEIA 545:1989—Electromechanical switch test method for electrostatic discharge (ESD).EIA 625:2000—Handling electrostatic discharge sensitive (ESDS) devices.EN 61340-5-1:2001—Protection of electronic de-vices from electrostatic phenomena—General requirements.EN 61340-5-2:2001—Protection of electronic de-vices from electrostatic phenomena—User guide.EOS/ESD EP102:1988—Electrostatic discharge and electronic equipment:A practical guide for de-signing to prevent ESD problems.EOS/ESD EP103:1990—ESD program management:A realistic approach to continuous,measurable improvement in static control.EOS/ESD EP105:1995—ESD in silicon integrated circuits.FTS 101C 4046—Electrostatic properties of materials.IDEMA ESD1-00—MR and GMR heads—General practices for ESD control.IEC 60255-22-2:Edition 2.0—Electrical relays—Part 22:Electrical disturbance tests for measuring relays and protection equipment—Section 2:Electrostatic discharge tests.IEC 60297-5-103:1999—Plug-in unit electrostatic discharge protection for subtracks and associat-ed plug-in units with extended features added to IEC 60297-3 and IEC 60297-4.IEC 60455-3-11:1988—Solventless polymer-izable resinous compounds used for electrical insulation—Specification for individual materials—Epoxy resin–based coating powders.IEC 60748-2-8:1993—Specification for harmonized system of quality assessment for electronic components—Semiconductor devices—Integrated circuits—Blank detail specification:integrated circuit static read/write memories.IEC 60801-2:1991—Electromagnetic compati-bility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment—Electrostatic discharge requirements.IEC 61000-4-2:1995 (R2001)—Electromagnetic com-patibility (EMC)—Part 4:Testing and measure-ment techniques—Section 2:Electrostatic discharge immunity test.IEC 61340-2-2:2000—Electrostatics—Part 2-2:Mea-surement methods—Measurement of chargeability.IEC 61340-2-3:2000—Electrostatics—Part 2-3:Methods of test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation.IEC 61340-3-1:2002—Electrostatics—Part 3-1:Methods for simulation of electrostatic effects—Human body model (HBM )—Component testing (IEC/101/33/CD).IEC 61340-3-2:2002—Electrostatics—Part 3-2:Methods for simulation of electrostatic effects—Machine model (MM)—Component testing (IEC/101/34/CD).IEC 61340-4-1:1995—Electrostatics—Part 4-1:Standard test methods for specific applications—Section 1:Electrostatic behavior of floor cover-ings and installed floors.IEC 61340-4-3:2001—Test method for the charac-terization of electrostatic protective footwear (IEC document 101/62/CD).IEC 61340-5-1:1998—Electrostatics—Part 5-1:Pro-tection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena—General requirements.IEC/TS 61340-5-2:1999—Electrostatics—Part 5-2:Protection of electronic devices from electrostat-ic phenomena—User guide.IEC/PAS 62162:2000—Field-induced charged-device model test method for electrostatic dis-charge withstand thresholds of microelectronic components.IEC/PAS 62179:2000—Electrostatic discharge (ESD)sensitivity testing human body model (HBM).IEC/PAS 62180:2000—Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing machine model (MM).IEEE 142:1991 (R1996)—IEEE Green Book (IEEE recommended practice for grounding of indus-trial and commercial power systems).IEEE 1291:1993 (R1998)—IEEE guide for partial dis-charge measurement in power switchgear.IEEE 1325:1996 (R2002)—IEEE recommended practice for reporting field failure data for power circuit breakers.IEEE C37.04:2003—IEEE standard rating structure for ac high-voltage circuit breakers.IEEE C37.010:1999—IEEE application guide for ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmet-rical current basis.IEEE C37.011:1994—IEEE application guide for transient recovery voltage for ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis.IEEE C37.013:1997—IEEE standard for ac high-voltage generator circuit breaker rated on a symmetrical current basis.IEEE C37.081:1981 (R1988)—IEEE guide for syn-thetic fault testing of ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis;Supplement 081a:1997 to IEEE C37.081:1981.IEEE C37.09:1999—IEEE standard test procedure for ac high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis.IEEE C37.10:1995 (R2002)—IEEE guide for diag-nostics and failure investigation of power circuit breakers.IEEE C37.11:2003—IEEE standard requirements for electrical control for high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis.IEEE C37.13:1990 (R1995)—IEEE standard for low-voltage ac power circuit breakers used in enclosures.IEEE C37.14:2002—IEEE standard for low-voltage dc power circuit breakers used in enclosures.IEEE C37.18:2003—IEEE standard for enclosed field discharge circuit breakers for rotating elec-tric machinery.IEEE C37.20.1:2002—IEEE standard for metal-enclosed low-voltage power circuit breaker switchgear.IEEE C37.20.2:1999—IEEE standard for metal-clad and station-type cubicle switchgear.IEEE C37.20.3:2001—IEEE standard for metal-enclosed interrupter switchgear.IEEE C37.20.4:2001—IEEE trial-use standard for indoor ac medium-voltage switches for use in metal-enclosed switchgear.IEEE C37.20.6:2003—IEEE standard for 4.76 to 38 kV rated grounding and testing devices used in enclosures.IEEE C37.21:1985 (R1998)—IEEE standard for control switchboards.IEEE C62.11:1999—IEEE standard for metal-oxide surge arresters for ac power circuits (>1 kV).IEEE C62.22:1997—IEEE guide for the application of metal-oxide surge arresters for alternating-current systems.IEEE C62.23:1995 (R2001)—IEEE standard draft application guide for surge protection of electric generating plants.IEEE C62.31:1987 (R1998)—IEEE standard test spec-ifications for gas-tube surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.32:1981 (R1998)—IEEE standard test spec-ifications for low-voltage air gap surge protective devices (excluding valve and expulsion type devices).IEEE C62.33:1982 (R2000)—IEEE standard test spec-ifications for varistor surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.34:1996 (R2001)—IEEE standard for performance of low-voltage surge-protective devices (secondary arresters).IEEE C62.35:1987 (R2000)—IEEE standard test spec-ifications for avalanche junction semiconductor surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.36:2000—IEEE standard test methods for surge protectors used in low-voltage data,communications,and signaling circuits.IEEE C62.37:2002—IEEE standard test specifica-tion for thyristor diode surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.38:1994—IEEE guide on electrostatic dis-charge (ESD)—ESD withstand capability evaluation methods (for electronic equipment subassemblies).IEEE C62.41:1991 (R1995)—IEEE recommended practice on surge voltages in low-voltage ac power circuits.IEEE C62.42:1992 Draft (R1999)—IEEE guide for the application of gas tube and air gap arrester low-voltage (equal to or less than 1000 V rms or 1200V dc) surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.43:1999—IEEE guide for the application of surge protectors used in low-voltage (equal to or less than 1000 V rms or 1200 V dc) data,communications,and signaling circuits.IEEE C62.47:1992 (R1997)—IEEE guide on ESD—Characterization of the ESD environment.IEEE C62.48:1995 (R2000)—IEEE guide on interac-tions between power system disturbances and surge-protective devices.IEEE C62.62:2000—IEEE standard test specifica-tions for surge-protective devices for low-voltage ac power circuits.IEEE C62.64:1997—IEEE standard specifications for surge protectors used in low-voltage data,communications,and signaling.IEEE C62.92.1:2000—IEEE guide for the applica-tion of neutral grounding in electrical utility systems—Part 1:Introduction.IEEE C62.92.2:1989 (R2000)—IEEE guide for the application of neutral grounding in electrical util-ity systems—Part 2:Grounding of synchronous generator systems.IEEE C62.92.3:1993 (R2000)—IEEE guide for the ap-plication of neutral grounding in electrical utili-ty systems—Part 3:Generator auxiliary systems.IEEE C62.92.4:1991 (R2002)—IEEE guide for the ap-plication of neutral grounding in electric utility systems—Part 4:Distribution.ISO/DIS 10605:2000—Road vehicles—Test meth-ods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge.ISO/TR 10605:1994—Road vehicles—Electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge.JESD 22-A114B:2000—Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing human body model (HBM).JESD 22-A115A:1997—Electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity testing machine model (MM).JESD 22-C101C:2004—Field-induced charged-device model test method for ESD withstand thresholds of microelectronic components.MIL-B-81705D:1998—Barrier materials,flexible,electrostatic protective,heat sealable.MIL-PRF-87893B:1997—Workstation—Electro-static discharge (ESD) control.MIL-STD 883F:2004—Electrostatic discharge sensitivity classification.MIL-STD-1686C:1995—Electrostatic discharge control program for protection of electrical and electronic parts,assemblies,and equipment (excluding electrically initiated explosive devices).QPL-87893-1:1995—Workstation electrostatic discharge (ESD) control.RAC SOAR 6:1986—ESD control in the manufac-turing environment.SEMI E78-0998—Electrostatic compatibility—Guide to assess and control electrostatic discharge (ESD)and electrostatic attraction (ESA) for equipment.SEMI E043-0301—Guide for measuring charge on objects and surfaces.Telcordia GR-1421-CORE:1995—Generic require-ments for ESD-protective circuit packet containers.■。
SAE J267-1999 Wheels Rims-Trucks-Performance Requirements and Test Procedures
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 2.2.2OSHA P UBLICATION —OSHA Publication Office, Room S-4203, 200 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,DC 20210.OSHA Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.177—Servicing of Multi-Piece and Single-Piece Rim Wheels3.Dynamic Cornering Fatigue—The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 1.3.1Equipment—Use a test machine that:a.Imparts a constant rotating bending moment to the wheel. See Figure 1A or 1B.b.Maintains the test load within ±3%.c.Monitors and measures the deflection of the system.d.Has a rigid load arm shaft.3.2Proceduree a test adapter, studs, and nuts representative of those specified for the wheel.b.Verify the mating surfaces of the adapter are free of foreign material or excessive wear.c.Attach the wheel to a rigid load arm shaft and test adapter.d.Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked and reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.e.Clamp the rim securely to the test device.f.Adjust the system so that shaft runout is not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in) total indicator reading at the point of loading.TABLE 1—CORNERING FATIGUE TESTTEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTSDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)MaterialDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Rim DiameterCodeDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Inset/Outsetmm Disc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Inset/Outsetin Performance Requirements Accelerated Test FactorPerformance Requirements Minimum Cycle LifeFerrous 13, 14, 15Less than 101.6Less than 4 1.6018 000Ferrous 16 and larger (1)1.Exclude 17.5 and larger with rim width of 266.7 mm (10.50 in) and wider (wide base tire wheels).Less than 101.6Less than 4 1.4530 000Ferrous All 101.6 or more 4 or more 1.101.3060 00040 000Aluminum 16127 or more5 or more1.351.63250 00080 000Aluminum17.5 and larger (1)AllAll1.35250 000FIGURE 1A—FIGURE 1—CORNERING FATIGUE—90 DEGREE LOADING METHOD (TYPICAL SETUP)3.3Test Loadinga.Test Load and Bending Moment Determination—The test load is determined by Equation 1:(Eq. 1)M is determined by Equation 2:(Eq. 2)where:M = Bending moment, N-m (lbf-in)u = Coefficient of friction developed between tire and road, use 0.7 for u.slr =Largest static loaded radius of the tires to be used on the wheel as specified by the currentTire and Rim Association Yearbook or the vehicle/wheel manufacturer, mm x 10–3 (in). Use the values of slr found in Appendix B.d = Inset or outset, mm x 10–3 (in). (Positive for inset, negative for outset) of the wheel. If wheelmay be used as inset or outset, use inset. See SAE J393.S =Accelerated test factor. See Table 1.L =Load rating of the wheel as specified by the wheel manufacturer, N (lbf).b.For minimum cycle life, see Table 1.c.Apply the test load parallel to a plane through the center of the rim as shown in Figure 1A or 1B. Load may push against shaft or pull the shaft.3.4Test Wheels—Use only fully processed new wheels, which are representative of wheels intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test.3.5Test Criteria/Test Termination—The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.4.Dynamic Radial Fatigue Test, Disc Wheels, and Demountable Rims—The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 2.4.1Equipment—Use a test machine that:a.Has a driven rotatable drum which presents a smooth surface wider than the loaded test tire section width.b.Has a suggested drum diameter of 1707.06 mm (67.23 in), giving 187.5 revolutions per kilometer (300revolutions per mile).c.Imparts a constant load to the wheel. This load must be perpendicular to the surface of the drum and in line radially with the center of the test wheel and the center of the drum.d.Can maintain the test load and inflation within ±3%.e.Holds the axis of the test wheel and the drum parallel.Test Load MMoment arm--------------------------------- (see Figure 1A or 1B)=M L ()u slr ()d +[]S ()=4.2Procedurea.Select test tires that are representative of the maximum size and type approved by the vehicle or wheel manufacturer for the wheel under test.e a test adapter, studs, and nuts (and clamps for demountable rims) that are representative of those specified for the wheel/rim.c.Mount and inflate the tire to 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi) for tires with usage pressure of 310 kPa (45 psi) or less. For wheels and tires intended for use at higher pressures, use 1.2 times the usage pressure, but not less than 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi).d.Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked and reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.e.There may be an increase in inflation pressure during the test. This is normal, but it is permissible to adjust back to the test pressure.4.3Radial Test Loadinga.Radial Load Determination—The radial load is determined as follows in Equation 3:(Eq. 3)where:R =Radial load, N (lbf)S =Accelerated test factor. See Table 2.L =Load rating of the wheel/rim as specified by the wheel/rim manufacturer, N (lbf)b.For minimum cycle life, see Table 2.TABLE 2—RADIAL FATIGUE TESTTEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTSDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)MaterialDisc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Rim DiameterCode Disc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Inset/Outset (1)mm1.Offset for demountable rims.Disc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)Inset/Outset (1)inPerformance Requirements Accelerated Test FactorPerformance Requirements Minimum Cycle Life Ferrous13, 14, 15, 16,175 degrees DropCenter AllAll2.21.8500 0001 000 000Ferrous 15, 17, 18, 20,22, 245 degrees Flat Base 17.5HC, 19.5,22.5, 24.515 degrees DropCenterAll All2.01.91.81.71.6500 000600 000700 000850 0001 000 000Aluminum 16127 or more5 or more2.82.0100 0001 000 000Aluminum17.5 and largerAllAll2.82.0100 0001 000 000R S ()L=4.4Test Wheels—Use only fully processed new wheels/rims which are representative of wheels/rims intended forthe vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test.4.5Test Criteria/Test Termination—The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cyclesprior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Failure of the test tire, broken studs, or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.5.Notes5.1Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locatingareas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS WHEEL SUBCOMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS CHASSIS COMMITTEEAPPENDIX ATABLE A1—TEST TORQUESApplication (1)1.For applications and sizes not shown, use torque recommendations prescribed by thewheel/rim or vehicle manufacturer.Thread Size Dry Torque (2)+10%, –0%N-m2.Dry torque means no additional lubricants are applied.Dry Torque (2)+10%, –0%lbf-ftDisc Wheels Light Truck60 degree Cone NutsM12 × 1.57/16 – 201/2 – 209/16 – 185/8 – 18110110110170170808080125125Hub Piloted Mounting 1-piece Nut9/16 – 1811/16 – 16160410120300Hub Piloted Mounting 2-piece nut9/16 – 185/8 – 183/4 – 167/8 – 14(3)7/8 – 14M12 x 1.75M14 x 1.75M14 x 1.5M18 x 1.5M20 x 1.5M22 x 1.53.Bus Front.17018041048061011518015026038061012513030035045085130110190280450Hub Piloted Mounting with Clamp Plate and 90 degree Cone Nuts9/16 – 18M14 x 1.55/8 –18150150180110110130Ball Seat Mounting3/4 – 161- 1/8 – 16610610450450Heavy-Duty Ball Seat Mounting 15/16 – 121- 5/16 – 1210201020750750 Demountable Rims Studs and Nuts3/4 – 10270200APPENDIX BTABLE B1—STATIC LOADED RADII FOR BENDING MOMENT CALCULATIONSTABLE B1a - Light Truck TiresTable B1b - Heavy Truck Tires Sizeslr mm slr in Sizeslr mm slr in 6.50–16 LT 35614.08.25–2047218.67.50–16 LT 38115.09.00–2048819.2LT225/95–1740616.010.00–2050820.011.00–2051620.312.00–2053120.913.00–2054121.314.00–2058423.016.00–2061224.110.00–2253120.911.00–2254121.3Tubeless - 5 degree 11.00–2457222.5LT225/70(1)161.For tire sizes not shown, use the slr listed in the individual tire manufacturer’s Tire Data Book.33013.012.00–2458222.9LT235/70(1)1633513.214.00–2463525.0LT255/70(1)1634013.4LT275/70(1)1634813.7LT225/75-1634513.6LT245/75-1635814.1Tubeless-15 degreeLT265/75-1637114.68R17.5 HC 37114.6LT285/75-1638415.19R17.5 HC 39115.4LT215/85-1636114.210R17.5 HC 40115.8LT235/85-1637314.711R17.5HC 41916.5LT255/85-1638915.38–19.540916.1225/70R19.538115.0LT265/70R1737114.6285/70R19.540916.1305/70R19.542416.7245/75R19.539415.5265/75R19.539915.78–22.544717.69–22.546518.310–22.548819.211-22.550319.8Wide Base - Tubeless - 15 degree 12-22.551320.212.5–22.551820.415–19.547018.512.75–22.552120.516.5–19.547818.8255/70R22.543417.118–19.550519.9305/70R22.546218.2245/75–22.543717.215–22.550820.0265/75–22.545718.016.5–22.552120.5295/75–22.548018.918–22.553321.0385/65R22.549519.5275/80R22.547218.6425/65R22.552120.5315/80R22.549919.6445/65R22.553120.911–24.552820.812–24.553621.1285/75(1)24.549519.5275/80R24.548819.2Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—This SAE Recommended Practice provides uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing certain production disc wheels, and demountable rims intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose passenger vehicles. This document does not cover bolt together divided wheels or other special application wheels and rims.Reference SectionSAE J328—Wheels—Passenger Cars and Light Truck Performance Requirements and Test Procedures SAE J393—Nomenclature—Wheels, Hubs, and Rims for Commercial VehiclesSAE J1204—Wheels—Recreational and Utility Trailer Test ProcedureSAE J1992—Wheels/Rims—Military Vehicles—Test Procedures and Performance RequirementsSAE HS 3300—Wheels Standards SupplementYearbook, The Tire and Rim Association Inc.ISO 3006—Road Vehicles—Passenger Car Wheels—Test MethodsISO 3894—Road vehicles—Truck—Wheels/rims—Test methodsISO 3911—Wheel/rims—Nomenclature, designation, marking, and units of measurementDeveloped by the SAE Truck and Bus Wheel SubcommitteeSponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Chassis Committee。
SAEJ1204v001
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (412) 772-8512 FAX: (412) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (412) 776-4970 FAX: (412) 776-0790http:\\Copyright 1997 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.FIGURE 1—NOMENCLATURE FOR DROP CENTER WHEELFIGURE 2—NOMENCLATURE FOR DIVIDED WHEEL3.Test Procedures3.1Wheels for Test—Use only fully processed new wheels that are representative of production parts intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. Separate wheels are to be used for each test.3.2Dynamic Cornering Fatigue3.2.1E QUIPMENT —The test machine shall be one with a means to impart a constant rotating bending moment of the wheel.3.2.2P ROCEDURE —The rim shall be clamped securely to the test device. A rigid load arm shaft with a test adaptor shall be attached to the mounting surface of the wheel, using studs and nuts representative of those specified for the wheel.These wheel nuts shall be tightened to the torque limits specified in Table 1 for the stud size and the type of nut. The mating surface of the test adaptor and wheel shall be free of build-up of paint, dirt, wear, or foreign matter. The final clamped position of the wheel without load shall not exceed an eccentricity of 0.25 mm (0.010 in) total indicator reading normal to the shaft axis at the point of loading. The application of the test load will be parallel to a plane through the center of the rim as shown in Figure 3. The loading system should maintain the bending moment within ±3%.TABLE 1—MOUNTING NUT TORQUES (1) FOR LABORATORY WHEEL/TESTS1.Nut torque values may be checked and reset during the course of a wheel test inorder to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces of nuts and bolt holes. This shall be done at 1000 cycles and it may be done again at 5000 cycles.Application Thread Size Torque (dry)N·m Torque (dry)lbf·ft Disc Wheels7/16 – 20115 ± 7 85 ± 512 x 1.5 mm 115 ± 7 85 ± 51/2 – 20115 ± 7 85 ± 514 x 1.5 mm 158 ± 7115 ± 59/16 – 18158 ± 7115 ± 55/8 – 18178 ± 7130 ± 5FIGURE 3—ROTARY TEST3.2.3B ENDING M OMENT —Bending moment is determined by Equation 1:(Eq. 1)where:M = Bending moment N·m (lbf·ft)W =The maximum static wheel load as specified by vehicle manufacturer and/or wheel manufacturer;N (lbf)R =Static loaded radius of the largest tire to be used on the wheel as specified by the vehicle and/or wheelmanufacturer; m (ft)µ=Coefficient of friction between the tire and the road; use µ - 0.7d =The inset or outset of the wheel m (ft). Use positive sign for inset and negative sign for outset.S =Load Factor (see Table 2)TABLE 2—TEST FACTORS AND MINIMUM CYCLE REQUIREMENTS FOR WHEELSIN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE—DYNAMIC CORNERING FATIGUEWheel Type (Material)“S”Minimum Cycles Ferrous All1.4518 000Cold Formed Aluminum 1.5550 0005000 Series’Aluminum Cast and Forged1.7550 000With 3% or less magnesium content.M W R µd +()S=The test load is determined from Equation 2:(Eq. 2)where:F = Test load; N (lbf)D = Moment arm; m (ft)M = Bending moment N·m (lbf·ft)3.2.4Minimum Cycle Requirement = See Table 2.3.2.5T EST T ERMINATION D EFINITIONS —The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles (see Table 2) prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated when the operating deflection exceeds the initial deflection at point of load application by 20%. Broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test determination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.3.3Dynamic Radial Fatigue Test3.3.1E QUIPMENT —The test machine shall be one with a driven rotatable drum, which presents a smooth surface wider than the loaded test tire section width. The suggested diameter of the drum is 1707.6 m (67.23 in)which is 187.5 rev/km (300 rev/mile). The test wheel and tire must provide loading normal to the surface of the drum and in line radially with the center of the test wheel and the drum. The axes of the test wheel and the drum must be parallel. Equipment must hold test load to within ±3%.3.3.2P ROCEDURE —Tires selected for this test shall be representative of the maximum size and type approved by the trailer or the wheel manufacturer for the wheel under test. The test adaptor, studs, and nuts shall be representative of those specified for the wheel. The wheel nuts shall be torqued to the torque limits specified in Table 1 for stud size and type of nut used. Test inflation pressures shall be selected in accordance with Table 3.3.3.3R ADIAL L OAD D ETERMINATION —The radial load is determined by Equation 3:(Eq. 3)where:F r = Radial load; N (lbf)W = The maximum static wheel load as specified by the wheel or trailer manufacturer; N (lbf)K = Load factor = See Table 4TABLE 3—TEST INFLATION PRESSURESUsage Tire Pressure kPa Usage Tire Pressure psi Test Pressure ±20 kPa kPaTest Pressure±3 psi psiUp to 280Up to 40450 65280 – 41041 – 60550 80420 – 55061 – 80690100560 – 69081 – 100900130F MD---- (see Figure 3)=F r WK=3.3.4Minimum Cycle Requirement = See Table4.3.3.5T EST T ERMINATION D EFINITION —T EST C RITERIA —The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles (see Table 4) prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by loss of inflation pressure through a fatigue crack or the inability of the wheel to sustain the test load. Failure of the test tire or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination, but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.PREPARED BY THE SAE WHEEL STANDARDS COMMITTEETABLE 4—TEST FACTORS AND MINIMUM CYCLE REQUIREMENTS FOR WHEELSIN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE—DYNAMIC RADIAL FATIGUEWheel Type (Material)“K”Minimum Cycles Ferrous All 2.0400 000Aluminum All2.25600 000Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—This SAE Recommended Practice provides uniform procedures and minimum performance requirements for fatigue testing ferrous and aluminum wheels intended for normal highway use on travel, camping, and boat and light utility trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles. For procedures and minimum performance requirements for wheels used on trucks, see SAE J267, and for wheels used on passenger cars, see SAE J328. For the application of passenger car and light truck wheels [inset less than 0.10 m (0.33 ft)] to this trailer service, use this procedure. For the application of heavier truck wheels [inset less than 0.10 m (0.33 ft)] to this trailer service, use this procedure. For the application of heavier truck wheels [inset 0.10 m (0.33 ft) or more] use SAE J267.Mobile home service is outside the scope of this document.There are two basic test procedures described, a cornering fatigue test and radial fatigue test. The cornering test is directed at the wheel disc; whereas the radial test also examines the rim and attachment portion of the wheel. Both test procedures are required to obtain a thorough examination of the wheel.Reference SectionSAE J267—Wheels/Rims—Trucks—Test Procedures and Performance RequirementsSAE J328—Wheels—Passenger Cars—Performance Requirements and Test ProceduresSAE J393—Nomenclature—Wheels, Hubs, and Rims for Commercial VehiclesISO 3911—Wheels/rims—Nomenclature, designation, marking and units of measurementDeveloped by the SAE Wheel Standards Committee。
SAE J1563-1993 GUIDELINES FOR LABORATORY CYCLIC CORROSION TEST PROCEDURES FOR PAINTED AUTOMOTIVE PAR
FIGURE 1—CYCLIC TEST ENVIRONMENT TYPES 1. Scope—These guidelines are intended for those engineers and scientists who evaluate the corrosion performance of painted automotive parts in laboratory cyclic tests. The guidelines are intended to help ensure that the results of the tests can be used to reach conclusions concerning the variables under study without being confounded by the test procedure itself. The guidelines also serve as a means to assist users of this type of test in obtaining good inter-laboratory agreement of results.
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243 TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790 SAE WEB ADDRESS Copyright 1993 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.
SAE J518-1993 液压分体法兰
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 SURFACEVEHICLESTANDARDJ518I ssued 1952-02Revised 1993-06REV.JUN93Superseding J518 APR91 An American National StandardHYDRAULIC FLANGED TUBE, PIPE, AND HOSE CONNECTIONS, FOUR-BOLT SPLIT FLANGE TYPE Foreword—This Reaffirmed Document has been changed only to reflect the new SAE Technical Standards BoardFormat.1.Scope—This SAE Standard covers complete general and dimensional specifications for the flanged headsand split flange clamp halves applicable to four-bolt split flange type tube, pipe, and hose connections withappropriate references to the O-ring seals and attaching components used in their assembly. (See Figures 1and 2.) Also included are recommended port dimensions and port design considerations.The flanged heads specified are incorporated into fittings having suitable means for attachment of tubes,pipes, or hoses to provide connection ends. These connections are intended for application in hydraulicsystems, on industrial and commercial products, where it is desired to avoid the use of threaded connections.THE RATED WORKING PRESSURE OF A HOSE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SAE J518 HOSE CONNECTIONS AND SAE J517 HOSE SHALL NOT EXCEED THE LOWER OF THE TWO WORKINGPRESSURE RATED VALUES.Flanged heads shall be as specified in Figure 3 and Table 1. Split flange clamp halves shall be as specified inFigure 4 and Table 1. Port dimensions and spacing shall be as specified in Figure 5 and Table 2.O-ring seals, having nominal dimensions as indicated in Table 1, are used in conjunction with theseconnections. They shall conform to the seals specified in SAE J120, Table on Dimensions and Tolerances.Bolts for use with these connections shall be of the sizes and lengths indicated in Table 1. They shall be ofSAE Grade 5 material or better as specified in SAE J429. Socket head cap screws of SAE Grade 5 material orbetter are acceptable.Lock washers, if used, shall be in accordance with the light spring lock washers specified in SAE J489,Dimensions of Light, Medium, Heavy, Extra Heavy, and Hi Collar Spring Lock Washers, and of sizes applicableto the corresponding bolts.The following general specifications supplement the dimensional data contained in Table 1 with respect to allunspecified detail.SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 2. References2.1 Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE P UBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J120—Rubber Rings for Automotive ApplicationsSAE J429—Mechanical and Material Requirements for Externally ThreadedFastenersSAE J489—Lock Washers SAE J517—Hydraulic HoseSAE J846—Coding Systems for Identification of Fluid Conductors and Connectors2.1.2 ASTM P UBLICATION—Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM B 117—Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing3. Size Designation—Four-bolt split flange connection sizes are designated by the nominal flange size whichcorresponds to the maximum inside diameter of the hole through the flanged head.4. Dimensions and Tolerances—Tabulated dimensions and tolerances shall apply to the finished parts, platedor otherwise processed, as specified by the purchaser. Tolerances on all dimensions for flanged heads, splitflange clamp halves, and ports not otherwise limited shall be ±0.4 mm (0.016 in).5. Material—Flanged heads shall be made of steel. Split flange clamp halves shall be made from a material withthe properties in Table 3.6. Finish—The external surfaces and threads of all carbon steel parts shall be plated or coated with a suitablematerial that passes a 72 h salt spray test in accordance with ASTM B 117. Any appearance of red rust duringthe 72 h salt spray test shall be considered failure, except for the following:a. All internal fluid passages.b. Edges such as hex points, serrations, and crests of threads where there may be mechanicaldeformation of the plating or coating typical of mass-produced parts or shipping effects.c. Areas where there is mechanical deformation of the plating or coating caused by crimping, flaring,bending, and other post-plate metal forming operations.d. Areas where the parts are suspended or affixed in the test chamber where condensate canaccumulate.NOTE—Cadmium plating is not preferred due to environmental reasons. Parts manufactured to this Standard after January 1, 1997, shall not be cadmium plated. Internal fluid passages shall be protected fromcorrosion during storage. Changes in plating may affect assembly torques and require requalification,when applicable.Bolts shall be finished with a suitable coating that meet the previous requirements after a 16 h salt spray test inaccordance with ASTM B 117. Lock washers may have a plain (natural) finish or a suitable coating.7.Workmanship—Workmanship shall conform to the best commercial practice to produce high-qualityconnection components. Connection components shall be free from all hanging burrs, loose scale, and slivers which might become dislodged in usage and all other defects which might affect their serviceability. All sealingsurfaces must be smooth except that annular tool marks up to 3 m m (100 m in) max, unless specified otherwise,shall be permissible.NOTE—Unspecified Detail With Respect To Dimensions, Tolerances, Contours, Material, Workmanship, Etc., Must Conform To General Specifications Of Hydraulic Flanged Tube, Pipe, And Hose Connections, 4-bolt Split Flange Type. Dimensions In Figures 1 T o4Apply To Table 1. Codes Shown In Parentheses Adjacent To Figure Numbers Represent Respective Flanged ConnectionIdentification, With XX Substituted For The Pressure Rating Code Depicted In Respective Subheadings Of Table 1. InAccordance With SAE J846.FIGURE 1—ASSEMBLED SPLIT FLANGED CONNECTIONFIGURE 2—O-RING SEALNOTE—Unspecified Detail With Respect To Dimensions, Tolerances, Contours, Material, Workmanship, Etc., Must Conform To General Specifications Of Hydraulic Flanged Tube, Pipe, And Hose Connections, 4-bolt Split Flange Type. Dimensions In Figures 1 To4Apply To Table 1. Codes Shown In Parentheses Adjacent To Figure Numbers Represent Respective Flanged ConnectionIdentification, With Xx Substituted For The Pressure Rating Code Depicted In Respective Subheadings Of Table 1, InAccordance With Sae J846.FIGURE 3—FLANGED HEADNOTE—Unspecified Detail With Respect To Dimensions, Tolerances, Contours, Material, Workmanship, Etc., Must Conform To General Specifications Of Hydraulic Flanged Tube, Pipe, And Hose Connections, 4-bolt Split Flange Type. Dimensions In Figures 1 T o4Apply To Table 1. Codes Shown In Parentheses Adjacent To Figure Numbers Represent Respective Flanged ConnectionIdentification, With XX Substituted For The Pressure Rating Code Depicted In Respective Subheadings Of Table 1, InAccordance With SAE J846.FIGURE 4—SPLIT FLANGE CLAMP HALF (1101XX)FIGURE 5—PORT DIMENSIONS FOR HYDRAULIC FLANGED, TUBE, PIPE, AND HOSE CONNECTIONS, FOUR-BOLT SPLIT FLANGE TYPE图5-接口法兰尺寸、管、液压管,和软管连接,4个螺栓孔分裂法兰类型TABLE 1A— DIMENSIONS OF HYDRAULIC FLANGED CONNECTIONS,STANDARD PRESSURE SERIES (CODE 61)标准压力系列NominalFlange Size,in FlangeDashSizeAD iaMaxm mAD iaMaxinBD iammBDiainCDia±0.25mmCDia±0.010inDDia±0.25mmDDia±0.010inE±0.13mmE±0.005inF±0.13mmF±0.005in1/2 -8 13 0.50 25.53- 25.40 1.005-1.000 30.18 1.188 30.96 1.219 6.73 0.265 6.22 0.245 3/4 -12 19 0.75 31.88- 31.75 1.255-1.250 38.10 1.500 38.89 1.531 6.73 0.265 6.22 0.245 1 -16 25 1.00 39.75- 39.62 1.565-1.560 44.45 1.750 45.24 1.781 8.00 0.315 7.49 0.295 1-1/4 -20 32 1.25 44.58- 44.45 1.755-1.750 50.80 2.000 51.59 2.031 8.00 0.315 7.49 0.295 1-1/2 -24 38 1.50 53.98- 53.72 2.125-2.115 60.33 2.375 61.09 2.406 8.00 0.315 7.49 0.2952 -32 51 2.00 63.50- 63.25 2.500-2.490 71.42 2.812 72.24 2.844 9.53 0.375 9.02 0.355 2-1/2 -40 64 2.50 76.33- 76.07 3.005-2.995 84.12 3.312 84.94 3.344 9.53 0.375 9.02 0.355 3 48 76 3.00 92.08- 91.82 3.625-3.615 101.60 4.000 102.39 4.031 9.53 0.375 9.02 0.355 3-1/2 -56 89 3.50 104.52-104.01 4.115-4.095 114.30 4.500 115.09 4.531 11.23 0.422 10.72 0.4224 -64 102 4.00 117.22-116.71 4.615-4.595 127.00 5.000 127.79 5.031 11.23 0.442 10.72 0.4225 -80 127 5.00 142.62-142.11 5.615-5.595 152.40 6.000 153.19 6.031 11.23 0.442 10.72 0.422N ominal Flange Size,in GDia Max m m GDia Max in HDia Max m m HDia Max inJ Dia±0.25 mmJ Dia±0.010inKR efmmKRefinLIDR efmmLIDRefinMO DR efmmMO DRefinND iaR efmmND iaRefinO-RingSizeNo.1/2 14 0.56 24 0.94 24.26 0.955 13 0.50 18.64 0.734 25.70 1.012 3.53 0.139 210 3/4 21 0.81 32 1.25 32.13 1.265 14 0.56 24.99 0.984 32.05 1.262 3.53 0.139 214 1 27 1.06 38 1.50 38.48 1.515 14 0.56 32.92 1.296 39.98 1.574 3.53 0.139 219 1-1/4 33 1.31 43 1.70 43.69 1.720 14 0.56 37.69 1.484 44.75 1.762 3.53 0.139 222 1-1/2 40 1.56 50 1.98 50.80 2.000 16 0.62 47.22 1.859 54.28 2.137 3.53 0.139 2252 52 2.06 62 2.45 62.74 2.470 16 0.62 56.74 2.234 63.80 2.512 3.53 0.139 228 2-1/2 65 2.56 74 2.92 74.93 2.950 18 0.69 69.44 2.734 76.50 3.012 3.53 0.139 232 3 78 3.06 90 3.55 90.93 3.580 19 0.75 85.32 3.359 92.38 3.637 3.53 0.139 237 3-1/2 90 3.56 102 4.00 102.36 4.030 22 0.88 98.02 3.859 105.08 4.137 3.53 0.139 2414 103 4.06 114 4.50 115.06 4.530 25 1.00 110.72 4.359 117.78 4.637 3.53 0.139 2455 129 5.06 140 5.50 140.46 5.530 28 1.12 136.12 5.359 143.18 5.637 3.53 0.139 253N ominalFlangeSize, inOmmOinP±0.8mmP±0.03inQ±0.25mmQ±0.010inRmmRinSRadm mSRadinTDia±0.25mmTDia±0.010inUmmUinVmmVin1/2 54.9- 53.1 2.16-2.09 21.8 0.86 38.10 1.500 8 0.31 8 0.31 8.74 0.344 13 0.50 19 0.75 3/4 65.8- 64.3 2.59-2.53 24.9 0.98 47.63 1.875 10 0.40 9 0.34 10.31 0.406 14 0.56 22 0.78 1 70.6- 69.1 2.78-2.72 28.2 1.11 52.37 2.062 12 0.48 9 0.34 10.31 0.406 16 0.62 24 0.94 1-1/4 80.3- 78.5 3.16-3.09 35.3 1.39 58.72 2.312 14 0.56 10 0.41 11.91 0.469 14 0.56 22 0.88 1-1/2 94.5- 93.0 3.72-3.66 40.1 1.58 69.85 2.750 17 0.67 12 0.47 13.49 0.531 16 0.62 25 1.002 103.1-100.1 4.06-3.94 47.2 1.86 77.77 3.062 21 0.81 12 0.47 13.49 0.531 16 0.62 26 1.03 2-1/2 115.8-112.8 4.56-4.44 53.1 2.09 88.90 3.500 24 0.96 13 0.50 13.49 0.531 19 0.75 38 1.503 136.7-133.4 5.38-5.25 64.3 2.53 106.38 4.188 30 1.18 14 0.56 16.66 0.656 22 0.88 41 1.62 3-1/2 153.9-150.9 6.06-5.94 68.6 2.70 120.65 4.750 34 1.34 16 0.62 16.66 0.656 22 0.88 28 1.124 163.6-160.3 6.44-6.31 74.9 2.95 130.18 5.125 38 1.49 16 0.62 16.66 0.656 25 1.00 35 1.385 185.7-182.6 7.31-7.19 89.4 3.52 152.40 6.000 45 1.78 16 0.62 16.66 0.656 28 1.12 41 1.62-8-SAE J518 Revised JUN93TABLE 1A —DIMENSIONS OF HYDRAULIC FLANGED CONNECTIONS, STANDARD PRESSURE SERIES (CODE 61) (CONTINUED)Nominal Flange Size, inBolt Dimensions Thread Bolt Dimensions Lengthmm BoltDimensions Length in W ± 0.25 mm W ± 0.010 in X ± 0.25 mm X ± 0.010in M ax Rec. W orking Pressure MPa M ax Rec. W orking Pressure psi Rec. B olt Torque R ange N·m Rec.B olt Torque R angelb-in 1/2 5/16–18 32 1-1/4 19.05 0.750 8.74 0.344 34.5 5000 20– 25 175– 225 3/4 3/8–16 32 1-1/4 23.83 0.938 11.13 0.438 34.5 5000 28– 40 250– 350 1 3/8–16 32 1-1/4 26.19 1.031 13.08 0.515 34.5 5000 37– 48 325– 425 1-1/4 7/16–14 38 1-1/2 29.36 1.156 15.09 0.594 27.6 4000 48– 62 425– 550 1-1/2 1/2–13 38 1-1/2 34.93 1.375 17.86 0.703 20.7 3000 62– 79 550– 700 2 1/2–13 38 1-1/2 38.89 1.531 21.44 0.844 20.7 3000 73– 90 650– 800 2-1/2 1/2–13 44 1-3/4 44.45 1.750 25.40 1.000 17.2 2500 107–124 950–1100 3 5/8–11 44 1-3/4 53.19 2.094 30.96 1.219 13.8 2000 186–203 1650–1800 3-1/2 5/8–11 51 2 60.33 2.375 34.93 1.375 3.4 500 158–181 1400–1600 4 5/8–11 51 2 65.07 2.562 38.89 1.531 3.4 500 158–181 1400–1600 55/8–11572-1/476.203.00046.021.8123.4500158–1811400–1600高压系列TABLE 1B —DIMENSIONS OF HYDRAULIC FLANGED CONNECTIONS, HIGH PRESSURE SERIES (CODE 62)NominalFlange Size, in Flange Dash Size A Dia Max m m A Dia Max in B D ia mm BDia in C Dia ± 0.25 mm C Dia ± 0.010 in D Dia ± 0.25 mm D Dia ± 0.010 in E ± 0.13 mmE ±0.005 in F ± 0.13 mmF± 0.005in1/2 - 8 13 0.50 25.53–25.40 1.005-1.000 31.75 1.250 32.54 1.281 7.75 0.305 7.24 0.285 3/4 - 12 19 0.75 31.88-31.75 1.255-1.250 41.28 1.625 42.06 1.656 8.76 0.345 8.26 0.325 1 - 16 25 1.00 39.75-39.62 1.565-1.560 47.63 1.875 48.41 1.906 9.53 0.375 9.02 0.355 1-1/4 - 20 32 1.25 44.58-44.45 1.755-1.750 53.98 2.125 54.76 2.156 10.29 0.405 9.78 0.385 1-1/2 - 24 38 1.50 53.98-53.72 2.125-2.115 63.50 2.500 64.29 2.531 12.57 0.495 12.07 0.475 2- 32512.0063.50-63.252.500-2.49079.383.12580.163.15612.570.49512.070.475N ominal Flange Size, in G Dia Max m m G Dia Max in H D ia Max m m H D ia Max in J Dia ± 0.25 mm J Dia ± 0.010 in K R ef mm K Ref in L ID R ef mm L ID Ref in M O D R ef mm M O D Ref in N D ia R ef mm N D ia Ref inO-RingSizeNo.1/2 14 0.56 24 0.94 24.64 0.970 14 0.56 18.64 0.734 25.70 1.012 3.53 0.139 210 3/4 21 0.81 32 1.25 32.51 1.280 18 0.69 24.99 0.984 32.05 1.262 3.53 0.139 214 1 27 1.06 38 1.50 38.86 1.530 21 0.81 32.92 1.296 39.98 1.574 3.53 0.139 219 1-1/4 33 1.31 44 1.72 44.45 1.750 25 1.00 37.69 1.484 44.75 1.762 3.53 0.139 222 1-1/2 40 1.56 51 2.00 51.56 2.030 30 1.19 47.22 1.859 54.28 2.137 3.53 0.139 225 2522.06672.6267.562.660381.5056.742.23463.802.5123.530.139228N ominal Flange Size, in O mm O in P ± 0.8 mm P ±0.03 in Q ± 0.25 mm Q ± 0.010 inR mm R in S Rad m m S Rad in T Dia ± 0.25 mm T Dia ±0.010 in U mm U in V mmV in 1/2 57.2- 55.6 2.25-2.19 22.6 0.89 40.49 1.594 8 0.32 8 0.31 8.74 0.344 16 0.62 22 0.88 3/4 72.1- 70.6 2.84-2.78 29.0 1.14 50.80 2.000 11 0.43 10 0.41 10.31 0.406 19 0.75 28 1.12 1 81.8- 80.3 3.22-3.16 33.8 1.33 57.15 2.250 13 0.51 12 0.47 11.91 0.469 24 0.94 33 1.31-9-SAE J518 Revised JUN93TABLE 1B—DIMENSIONS OF HYDRAULIC FLANGED CONNECTIONS,HIGH PRESSURE SERIES (CODE 62) (CONTINUED) NominalFlange Size,inBoltDimensionsThreadBoltDimensionsLengthmmBoltDimensionsLengthinW±0.25mmW±0.010inX±0.25mmX±0.010inM axRec.W orkingPressureMPaM axRec.W orkingPressurepsiRec.B oltTorqueR angeN-mRec.B oltTorqueR angelb-in1/2 5/16–18 32 1-1/4 20.24 0.797 9.12 0.359 41.4 6000 20 –25 175 –225 3/4 3/8–16 38 1-1/2 25.40 1.000 11.91 0.469 41.4 6000 34 –45 300 –4001 7/16-14 44 1-3/4 28.58 1.125 13.89 0.547 41.4 6000 56– 68 500– 6001-1/4 1/2–13 44 1-3/4 33.32 1.312 15.88 0.625 41.4 6000 85–102 750– 900 1-1/2 5/8–11 57 2-1/4 39.67 1.562 18.26 0.719 41.4 6000 158–181 1400–16002 3/4–10 70 2-3/4 48.41 1.906 22.23 0.875 41.4 6000 271–294 2400–2600螺纹连接法兰标准系列TABLE 2A—PORT DIMENSIONS FOR BOLTED FLANGE CONNECTIONS, STANDARD PRESSURE SERIESNominalFlange Size,in FlangeDashSizeADia+0.0-1.5mmADia+0.00-0.06inOmmOinFFmmFFi nQ±0.25mmQ±0.010inGG±0.25mmGG±0.010inSRadm mSRadinWmmWi n1/2 -8 12.7 0.50 54 2.12 46 1.81 38.10 1.500 17.48 0.688 8 0.31 19 0.75 3/4 -12 19.1 0.75 65 2.56 52 2.06 47.63 1.875 22.23 0.875 9 0.34 24 0.941 -16 25.4 1.00 70 2.75 59 2.31 52.37 2.062 26.19 1.031 9 0.34 26 1.031-1/4 -20 31.8 1.25 79 3.12 73 2.88 58.72 2.312 30.18 1.188 10 0.41 29 1.16 1-1/2 -24 38.1 1.50 94 3.69 83 3.25 69.85 2.750 35.71 1.406 12 0.47 35 1.382 -32 50.8 2.00 102 4.00 97 3.81 77.77 3.062 42.88 1.688 12 0.47 39 1.532-1/2 -40 63.5 2.50 114 4.50 109 4.28 88.90 3.500 50.80 2.000 13 0.50 44 1.753 -48 76.2 3.00 135 5.31 131 5.16 106.38 4.188 61.93 2.438 14 0.56 53 2.093-1/2 -56 88.9 3.50 152 6.00 140 5.50 120.65 4.750 69.85 2.750 16 0.62 60 2.384 -64 101.6 4.00 162 6.38 152 6.00 130.18 5.125 77.77 3.062 16 0.62 65 2.565 -80 127.0 5.00 184 7.25 181 7.12 152.40 6.000 92.08 3.625 16 0.62 76 3.00美制出牙螺纹NominalFlangeSize, inXmmXinYRadm mYRadm mZThreadUNC-2BA AM inmmA AM inmmBB(1)MinmmBB1M ininCC1M inm mCC1M ininDD1M inm mDD1M ininEEM inmmE EMinin1/2 9 0.34 23 0.91 5/16–18 24 0.94 56 2.22 52 2.06 49 1.91 33 1.31 3/4 11 0.44 26 1.03 3/8–16 22 0.88 68 2.66 61 2.41 55 2.16 41 1.62 1 13 0.52 29 1.16 3/8–16 22 0.88 72 2.84 67 2.62 61 2.41 48 1.88 1-1/4 15 0.59 37 1.44 7/16-14 28 1.12 82 3.22 78 3.09 75 2.97 54 2.12 1-1/2 18 0.70 41 1.62 1/2-13 27 1.06 96 3.78 90 3.56 85 3.34 64 2.502 21 0.84 49 1.91 1/2–13 27 1.06 104 4.09 102 4.00 99 3.91 76 3.00 2-1/2 25 1.00 54 2.14 1/2–13 30 1.19 117 4.59 114 4.50 111 4.38 89 3.503 31 1.22 66 2.58 5/8–11 30 1.19 137 5.41 136 5.34 133 5.25 106 4.19 3-1/2 35 1.38 70 2.75 5/8–11 33 1.31 155 6.09 148 5.84 142 5.59 119 4.694 39 1.53 76 3.00 5/8–11 30 1.19 164 6.47 160 6.28 155 6.09 132 5.195 46 1.81 90 3.56 5/8–11 33 1.31 186 7.34 185 7.28 183 7.22 151 6.19 1. Dimensions BB, CC, and DD provide 1.5 mm (0.06 in) clearance between flanges, dimensionally on the high limit, when, the same size flanges are usedon adjacent ports. These dimensions do not apply when more than one size of flanges are used on adjacent ports.-10-SAE J518 Revised JUN93螺栓法兰连接尺寸、高压系列TABLE 2B—PORT DIMENSIONS FOR BOLTED FLANGE CONNECTIONS, HIGH PRESSURE SERIESNominalFlange Size,in FlangeDashSizeADia+0.0-1.5mmADia+0.00-0.06inOmmOinFFmmFFi nQ±0.25mmQ±0.010inGG±0.25mmGG±0.010inSRadm mSRadinWmmWi n1/2 -8 12.7 0.50 56 2.22 48 1.88 40.49 1.594 18.24 0.718 8 0.31 20 0.80 3/4 -12 19.1 0.75 71 2.81 60 2.38 50.80 2.000 23.80 0.937 10 0.41 25 1.001 -16 25.4 1.00 81 3.19 70 2.75 57.15 2.250 27.76 1.093 12 0.47 28 1.121–1/4 -20 31.8 1.25 95 3.75 78 3.06 66.68 2.625 31.75 1.250 14 0.56 33 1.31 1–1/2 -24 38.1 1.50 113 4.44 95 3.75 79.38 3.125 36.50 1.437 17 0.66 40 1.562 -32 50.8 2.00 133 5.25 114 4.50 96.82 3.812 44.45 1.750 18 0.72 49 1.91N ominal FlangeSize, inXmmXinYRadm mYRadinZThreadUNC-2BA AM inmmA AMininBB(1)MinmmBB1M ininCC1M inm mCC1M ininDD1M inm mDD1M ininEEM inmmE EMinin1/2 9 0.36 24 0.94 5/16–18 21 0.81 59 2.34 56 2.22 53 2.09 38 1.50 3/4 12 0.47 30 1.19 3/8–16 24 0.94 75 2.94 70 2.75 66 2.59 48 1.881 14 0.55 35 1.38 7/16–14 27 1.06 84 3.31 80 3.16 75 2.97 54 2.121–1/4 16 0.62 39 1.53 1/2–13 25 1.00 99 3.88 90 3.56 83 3.25 60 2.38 1–1/2 18 0.72 48 1.88 5/8–11 35 1.38 116 4.56 108 4.25 101 3.97 70 2.752 22 0.88 57 2.25 3/4–10 38 1.50 137 5.38 128 5.03 120 4.72 86 3.381. Dimensions BB, CC, and DD provide 1.5 mm (0.06 in) clearance between flanges, dimensionally on the high limit, when the same size flanges are usedon adjacent ports. These dimensions do not apply when more than one size of flanges are used on adjacent ports.TABLE 3—MATERIAL PROPERTIESStandard series — 1/2 in (-8) size Minimum yield, 221 MPa (32 000 psi)Minimum elongation, 3%All other sizes Minimum yield, 414 MPa (60 000 psi)Minimum elongation, 3%High pressure series — all sizes Minimum yield, 331 MPa (48 000 psi)Minimum elongation, 3%8.Notes8.1 Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locatingareas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE SAE FLUID CONDUCTORS AND CONNECTORS TECHNICAL COMMITTEE SC2—HYDRAULIC HOSE AND HOSE FITTINGS-11-Rationale—The change to Section 6 Finish will standardize the finish requirements for all the fitting documents while allowing for future development of alternate finishes that may meet these requirements. Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—This SAE Standard covers complete general and dimensional specifications for the flanged heads and split flange clamp halves applicable to four-bolt split flange type tube, pipe, and hose connections with appropriate references to the O-ring seals and attaching components used in theirassembly. (See Figures 1 and 2). Also included are recommended port dimensions and port designconsiderations.The flanged heads specified are incorporated into fittings having suitable means for attachment to tubes,pipes, or hoses to provide connection ends. These connections are intended for application in hydraulicsystems, on industrial and commercial products, where it is desired to avoid the use of threaded connections.T HE RATED WORKING PRESSURE OF A HOSE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SAE J518 HOSE CONNECTIONSA ND SAE J517 HOSE SHALL NOT EXCEED THE LOWER OF THE TWO WORKING PRESSURE RATEDV ALUES.Flanged heads shall be as specified in Figure 3 and Table 1. Split flange clamp halves shall be as specified in Figure 4 and Table 1. Port dimensions and spacing shall be as specified in Figure 5 andTable 2.O-ring seals, having nominal dimensions as indicated in Table 1, are used in conjunction with these connections. They shall conform to the seals specified in SAE J120, Table on Dimensions and Tolerances.Bolts for use with these connections shall be of the sizes and lengths indicated in Table 1. They shall beof SAE Grade 5 material or better as specified in SAE J429. Socket head cap screws of SAE Grade 5material or better are acceptable.Lock washers, if used, shall be in accordance with the light spring lock washers specified in SAE J489,Dimensions of Light, Medium, Heavy, Extra Heavy, and Hi Collar Spring Lock Washers, and of sizesapplicable to the corresponding bolts.The following general specifications supplement the dimensional data contained in Table 1 with respectto all unspecified detail.Reference SectionSAE J120—Rubber Rings for Automotive ApplicationsSAE J429—Mechanical and Material Requirements for Externally Threaded FastenersSAE J489—Lock WashersSAE J517—Hydraulic HoseSAE J846—Coding Systems for Identification of Fluid Conductors and ConnectorsASTM B 117—Method of Salt Spray (Fog) TestingDeveloped by the SAE Fluid Conductors and Connectors Technical Committee SC2—Hydraulic Hose and Hose FittingsSponsored by the SAE Fluid Conductors and Connectors Technical Committee。
SAE J875-1999 Trailer Axle Alignment
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 3.Procedure3.1Prior to any alignment efforts, the suspensions, axles, subframes, and attaching parts should be inspected forproper installation and absence of looseness or wear. If any looseness, wear, or installation abnormalities are observed, they must be corrected prior to alignment to ensure long-term satisfactory performance.3.2To ensure the best possible tire wear, it is advisable to check the toe-in of each axle. A fundamental toe-incheck can be made by using the procedure outlined in the section titled Toe-In, or more accurate measurement can be obtained using available laser-measuring devices.3.3For trailers that are designed to operate with a slope and have suspensions with different design heights toaccommodate that slope, the alignment procedure should be done with the trailer at the designed slope.3.4For trailers that operate with a slope, but all the suspensions have the same recommended design height;perform the alignment with the trailer level.3.5For trailers that operate level and all of the suspensions have the same recommended design height, performthe axle alignment with the trailer level.3.6For trailers with sliding subframes, the sliding subframe should be located at the rear-most location of the slidemechanism. The lock pins must be positioned to the rear of the holes in the lock rails, the same as they would be during normal vehicle operation. To assure this rearward location, it is recommended that a tensioning device be temporarily attached between the rear of the slider and the rear of the trailer. When tension is applied to the device, it will assure that the slider is in its rearward position with the lock pins properly engaged.In addition to its rearward position, the slider should be located so that the clearance between the four corners of the slider frame and the inside of the lock rails is equal. If the clearances are not equal, it may be necessary to install temporary shims to make the corner clearances equal.4.Toe-In—The following procedure described is a basic method to check trailer axle toe-in.4.1Check that the wheel bearings are in working order, have the proper clearance, and are lubricated.4.2If the axle is cambered, assure that the camber marks are properly orientated, usually on the top.4.3Load the vehicle and locate it on a flat level surface.4.4Scribe a fine vertical line approximately ½ inch long on the middle of the tread of one tire in each wheel set, onthe rear side of the tire, at the same height as the centerline of the axle is above the floor. Repeat this on each axle.4.5Measure each axle for the distance (x1) between the scribed lines on opposite sides of the vehicle on the sameaxle as shown in Figure 1. Record the dimensions.4.6Move the trailer forward until the scribed lines are on the rear side of the axle and at the same vertical heightfrom the floor as they were when located at the front.4.7Measure the distance (x2) between the same scribed lines and record the dimensions.4.8The difference between the dimensions on an individual axle must be ¼ in or less for toe-in and a maximum of1/16 in for toe-out. (Toe-in has smaller dimension at front, toe-out has larger dimension at front).4.9If the toe-in/toe-out measurements exceed those listed previously, or if the vehicle has been exposed tounusual loadings, which might have bent the axle, it may be necessary to utilize more accurate measuring devices, such as lasers, to determine the precise condition of the axle. It is possible to have an axle which has correct toe-in characteristics when measured as previous, yet when aligned by the enclosed procedure, be incorrectly aligned and create excessive tire wear. If during any toe-in measurement an axle is found to be out of specification, consult the axle manufacturer for remedial options.FIGURE 1—TOE-IN MEASUREMENT LOCATION5.Axle Alignment5.1Before taking alignment measurements, make sure the trailer is unloaded and located on a flat, level surface.To free the suspension from any binding, move the trailer rearward and forward several times, without using the trailer brakes, with the last movement being forward. The trailer must be level from front to rear, and side to side, except as noted earlier for sloped trailers. During the measurement procedure, both parking and service brakes must be off. Chock at least one wheel set loosely for safety.5.2Stabilize the front of the trailer with a sturdy support at each corner. Remove the outer tires and rim or wheels,depending on the type of wheel equipment. Verify that the axles are centered under the trailer laterally. The midpoint of the axle along its length must be within ¼ in of the longitudinal centerline of the trailer. Attach a steel tape, or some other non-stretch device such as a small diameter cable to a connecting device, which attaches to, or around the king pin. To assure consistent measurements, use a tension gage on the non-stretch device each time a measurement is taken. Remove any items under the chassis which would interfere with the steel tape or other measuring device when it is stretched between the king pin and the axle end. A tape measure is not required, just a means to compare the difference between two measurements. Identify a location on the end of the axle that is identical on both ends of the axle.5.3Measure dimensions A and B, Figure 2. The difference must be 3.2 mm (1/8 in) or less. For additional axles,the alignment is in relation to the front axle. Measure C and D, C1 and D1, etc. The difference between the matched C and D distances must be 1.6 mm, 1/16 in or less.FIGURE 2—AXLE ALIGNMENT MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS6.Notes6.1Marginal Indicia—The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locatingareas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE TRUCK AND BUS CHASSIS COMMITTEERationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—The scope of this SAE Recommended Practice, trailer axle alignment, is to identify the dimensional limits of, and a method to, establish a perpendicular relationship between the king pin centerline and the axle centerline at its midpoint. Various types of equipment are commercially available which can be used for this measurement which provides varying degrees of accuracy, but none can be endorsed by SAE.The most fundamental methods of measurement will be described here, but other equipment is available if a greater degree of accuracy is desired.Reference SectionSAE J875 JUN85—Trailer Axle AlignmentTMC Recommended Practice RP-708; 1997 Rev.TMC Recommended Practice RP-71-90Spicer Trailer ProductsTrailer Alignment ProcedureDeveloped by the SAE Truck and Bus Chassis Committee。
MaximumPayloadsu:payloadsu最大
Maximum Payload 38.0 m tons (41.9 U.S. tons)Maximum Payloadwith Standard Liners 35.8 m tons (39.4 U.S. tons)Maximum GMW69 854 kg (154000 lb)Engine Cummins QSK19-C525 Rated Power 392 kW (525 hp)Specifications:EH700ENGINEMake CumminsModel QSK19-C525Type 4 CycleAspiration Turbocharged/AftercooledRated Power(SAE @ 2100 rpm)kW hp392525 Flywheel Power(SAE @ 2100 rpm)kW hp362486 No. Cylinders6Bore & Stroke mm159 x 159in 6 1/4 x 6 1/4 Displacement L in318.9 1 150 Maximum Torque@ 1300 rpm N•m lb/ft 2 407 1 775 Torque Rise30%Starting ElectricTRANSMISSIONAllison M5610. Planetary type, full automatic shifting. Integral torque converter, with automatic lock-up in all ranges. Remote mounted.Six forward speeds, two reverse. Allison Transmission Commercial Electronic Control (CEC II) shift system. Trim Boost Soft Shift provides smooth shifting to help reduce operator fatigue.Maximum Speeds @ governed engine speedDifferential 3.13:1 3.13:1 2.81:1 Planetary 5.25:1 6.00:1 5.25:1 Gear Ratio km/h mph km/h mph km/h mph1 4.0011.37.010.2 6.312.67.82 2.6816.910.515.29.418.811.73 2.0122.514.020.212.625.015.64 1.3533.520.830.118.737.323.25 1.0045.228.140.625.350.331.3 60.6768.242.561.338.176.047.2R1 5.128.9 5.58.0 5.09.9 6.2R2 3.4613.28.211.97.414.79.1 DRIVE AXLEFull floating axle shafts, reduction provided by Euclid Model 2052 differential and single reduction planetary with balanced life gearing n each wheel to maximize gear life.Optional Active Traction Control (ATC) with Electronic Downhill Speed Control (EDSC) available.Ratios Standard Optional Optional Differential 3.13:1 3.13:1 2.81:1 Planetary 5.25:1 6.00:1 5.25:1Total Reduction16.43:118.78:114.75:1 Maximum Speedswith 18.00R33 Tires km/h68.2km/h61.3km/h76.0mph42.5mph38.1mph47.2TIRESStandard – Front and Rear Rim Width18.00R33(**)E4 Radial mm in33013 Optional tires, brands and treads available.ELECTRICAL SYSTEMTwenty-four volt lighting and accessories system. 75 amp alternator with integral transistorized voltage regulator. Two 900 amps coldcranking, 12 volt maintenance free heavy duty batteries connected in series.Standard CONTRONIC II monitoring and central warning system with built-in diagnostics. Standard Liquid Crystal Display.BODY CAPACITYm3yd3 Struck (SAE)17.022.2Heap 3:121.628.2Heap 2:1 (SAE)23.931.2WEIGHTSkg lb Chassis with Hoist24 59154 212Body7 25716 000Net Machine Weight31 84870 212Maximum GMW with Std. Tires[18.00R33(**)E4]Including Options, 50% Fuel,Operator & Payload Not to Exceed69 854154 000Maximum Payload38 00683 788Major OptionsApproximate change in Net Machine Weight:Body Liners - complete - 400 BHN Steel 2 230 4 916 Max. Payload with Body Liners, Complete35 77678 872Weight Distribution FRONT REAREmpty50.1%49.9%Loaded33.0%67.0%STEERING SYSTEMClosed-center, full-time hydrostatic power steering system using two double-acting cylinders, pressure limit with unload piston pump and brake actuation/steering system reservoir. Accumulator providessupplementary steering in accordance with SAE J1511 and ISO 5010.Tilt/telescopic steering wheel with 35 degrees of tilt and 57,15 mm2.25"telescopic travel.Steering Angle42°Turning Diameter (SAE)m ft16.1553.0Steering Pump Output L/min gpm95.825.3System Pressure kPa psi18 961 2 7502Standard and optional equipment may vary from country to country.Special options provided on request. All specifications are subject to change without notice.33 20010'6"3 76012'4"4 57015'0"7602'6"3 78012'5"3 86012'8" 3 28010'9"5 79019'0"4 27014'0"8 36027'5"2 1607'1" 2 1807'2"2 4408'0"1 3204'4"60°5101'8"3 48011'5"3 76012'4"1 5505'1"4 55014'11"2 6408'8"3 81012'6"8 10026'7"2 6408'8"STANDARD EQUIPMENTGENERALCABGAUGES AND INDICATORS MACHINE LIGHTS Back-up light, (2)Clearance lights, (2)HID headlights, (4)Stop & tail, (2) Turn signals and four-way flashersACCU-TRAC suspension system All-hydraulic brakingAllison M5600 transmission Automatic transmission shifting Battery disconnect switchBody down indicator, mechanical Body down cushioning Body up speed restriction Body prop pins Canopy spill guardContinuous heated body Driveline guard, front Electric horns Electric start Electronic hoistEngine belt protection Fan guard FendersFixed steering stopsFront brake cut-off switch Guard rails HID headlights Hoist interlockHoist tank sight gauge ISO decals LED tail lights Load/dump brake Mirrors right and left,hand adjustable Mud flapsNEOCON suspension struts Park brake interlock Radiator grill guard Reverse alarm Rock ejector bars Steering accumulator Steering tank sight gauge Swing-out grilleTires, 18.00R33(**)E4Tow points front/rear Transmission guardTransmission sight gauge Two-speed reverseLoad counter Service intervals, job site adjustable Throttle position Total engine hours Total idle hours VoltmeterModular instrumentation Quick connect test ports Roll down windows Rubber floor mat Safety glassSeat belts, retractable (operator/trainer)Seat, mechanical 6 position Sun visorTilt/telescopic steering wheel Tinted glass all windows Trainer seat12 volt 50 amp circuit12 volt accessory connection Windshield washerWindshield wiper, intermittentCONTRONIC II monitoring and alarm system, multi-function indicator lights:Air filter restriction Alternator Body upBrake system low pressure Central warningConverter temperature Coolant levelCooling temperature Do not shiftEngine oil pressure Engine service Engine shut down High beam indicator Hydraulic filterPark brake applied Retard oil temperature Steering filter Steering pressure Steering temperature Transmission filterTransmission malfunction Transmission oil pressure Turn signals/hazard Gauges:Brake temperature Converter temperature Coolant temperature Hourmeter (LCD)Speedometer Steering/brake pressure TachometerAcoustical lining Air conditioningAir filtration/replaceable element Ash trayCab interior light Cigar lighter, 12 volt Door locksFoot rest (left and right)Heater and defroster 26,000 Btu Integral ROPS/FOPS cab ISO driver envelope Liquid Crystal Display*(CONTRONIC) II Boost pressure Clutch pressure Distance traveled Engine oil pressure Fuel gauge Fuel pressure Gear selectionInjector timing rail-pressure Intake manifold temperature Integrated engine diagnostics Integrated transmission diagnostics OPTIONAL EQUIPMENTAir suspension seatACTIVE TRACTION CONTROL (ATC) w/ELECTRONIC DOWNHILL SPEED CONTROL (EDSC)Body liners (400 BHN) plates light or heavy dutyBody sideboard extensions Canopy spill guard extension Cold start aidDifferential, 2.81:1 ratio Driveline guard, rearEngine compartment lightsEngine compartment step Engine heater (oil & coolant)Extra reverse alarm HAULTRONIC II-load monitoring system HoodsidesKim Hotstart pre-heaters Lube system, automatic Lube system, centralized Muffler, deck mounted Radio & tape player Starter lock-out switch Tires (size, type & rating)Unit sound suppressionNote:Dimensions shownare for empty machine with 18.00R33(**) E4 tires.Equipment & Dimensions:EH700unit:mmft inservice braking, secondaryretraction to prevent drag.rubber-backed carpeting andmultiple layered floor mat act to absorbsound and control interior temperature. A properly maintained cab5SUSPENSIONFront and Rear SuspensionFor years, Euclid haulers have enjoyed an industry-wide reputation for superior suspension systems. That experience and knowledge has now been pushed to the next level, to develop the truly advanced ACCU-TRAC suspension for the EH700. To make sure it was fine tuned to the limit, Lotus Engineering, a world leader in suspension design, was contracted to review the entire system to assure optimized ride and handling performance.The new ACCU-TRAC suspension system features independent trailing arms for each front wheel with NEOCON struts, containing energy absorbing gas and compressible NEOCON-E™ fluid,mounted between the king pins and the frame. This arrangement allows a wider front track that provides a better ride, improved stability and a reduced turning circle. The rear axle housing has an A-frame mounting. The rear NEOCON struts are mounted in a more vertical position which allows a more pure axial loading and reduces the tractive and braking forces transmitted to the nose cone.NEOCON struts outperform competitive strut designs by improving isolation, stability, and control. Improved isolation means reduced impact loading on the structural members of the machine and greater operator comfort, resulting in longer equipment life and increased productivity. Improved stability means more consistent dynamic response of the machine to fluctuating load energy, resulting in predictable machine performance. And improved control means better machine maneuverability.The Euclid frame and ACCU-TRAC suspension system are designed to work in unison to provide maximum structural integrity and operator comfort. The fabricated rectangular frame rail construction provides superior resistance to bending and torsional loads while eliminating unnecessary weight. The unique ACCU-TRAC independent trailing arm suspension absorbs haul road input, minimizing suspension-induced frame twisting while providing independent tire action.NEOCON ride struts are mounted with spherical bushings, eliminating extreme sidewall forces by ensuring a purely axial input to the ride strut. The wide track stance of the ACCU-TRAC suspension system and the long wheel base assure a more stable, comfortable ride.BODYBody is a flat floor, sloped tailshoot type. It is rubber cushioned and continuously exhaust-heated. High tensile strength 400 BHN abrasion-resistant alloy steel is used in thickness of:mmin Floor 160.63Front 80.31Sides 80.31Canopy 50.20Body Liners, Complete Floor & Corners 100.39Side, front, end protection 60.24Top rails 100.39High yield strength alloy steel is also used for canopy side members and floor stiffeners. The Euclid horizontal stiffener design minimizes stressconcentrations. Load shocks are dissipated over the entire body length. Closely spaced stiffeners provide additional protection by minimizingdistances between unsupported areas.SERVICE CAPACITIESL U.S.gal Crankcase (includes filters)61.016.0Transmission 70.018.5Cooling System 159.042.0Fuel Tank 454.2120.0Hydraulics Hoist System 159.042.0Steering System 90.824.0Drive Axle50.313.1Windshield Washers5.71.5FRAMEFull fabricated box section main rails with section height tapered from rear to front. Wider at the rear to support the loads and narrower at the front to allow for engine accessibility. One piece top and bottom flanges that eliminate cross member tie in joints and provide a large exposed center area for access to major components. Large radii at frame junctions are blended and ground to minimize stress concen-trations. Weld joints are oriented longitudinally to the principal flow of stress for greater durability and more strength. Frame utilizes 345MPa 50,000 psi yield high strength low alloy steel that is robotically welded to ensure consistently high quality welds.NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 450m 1 500 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THR I M P U L LG R A D E I N %201816141210 86 4 2NMWPERFORMANCE CHARTEH700VEHICLE SPEEDR I M P U L LG R A D E I N %25201510 5NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 1 500m 5 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 64 2 0NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 900m 3 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 64 2NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 600m 2 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 6 4 2 0RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length ContinuousVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 6 42 00 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 20-15-10-5-0-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-40-30-20-10-0-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10-0-VEHICLE WEIGHTlbs x1000kg x 1000 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 100-----------0---lbs x 1000kg x 1000MAX GMWNMWMAXGMW0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h MAXGMW50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-MAX GMW50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-MAX GMW30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 2530R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-MAXGMW50-150-lbs x 1000kg x100050-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0---VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT-lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT-lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575Under our policy of continuous product improvement, we reserve the right to change specifications and design without prior notice. The illustrations do not necessarily show the standard version of the machine.INSTRUCTIONS:Diagonal lines represent total resistance (Grade % plus rolling resistance %). Charts based on 0% rolling resistance, standard tires and gearing unless otherwise stated.1.Find the total resistance on diagonal lines on right-hand border of performance or retarder chart.2.Follow the diagonal line downward and intersect the NMW or GMW weight line.3.From intersection, read horizontally right or left to intersect theperformance or retarder curve.4.Read down for machine speed.NOTE:Photos and illustrations throughout may show optional equipment.Performance Data:EH700Printed in JapanHead Office: 5-1 Koraku 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8563, Japan Telephone: (03)3830-8050Facsimile : (03)3830-8202Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.KR-E11801.6 (KA/KA, FT 3)。
美标紧固件标准号
美标紧固件标准号•六角头螺栓(ASME B18.2.1 1996) •六角螺母和六角薄螺母(单倒角)(ASME /ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999))•自攻螺钉和自钻自攻螺钉型式与标记(Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998)•大六角头螺栓(ASME B18.2.1 1996)•内六角低圆柱头螺钉(ASME B18.3 200 2) •内六角型式与尺寸(ASME B18.3 200 2)•六角螺母和六角薄螺母(双倒角或单面带垫圈面)(ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)) •十字槽低沉头自攻螺钉(Abstract of AS ME B18.6.4 1998)•沉头螺钉用十字槽型式与尺寸(Draft Rev ision ASME B18.6.3 2002) •平垫圈(ASME B18.22.1 1965(R 19 98))•十字槽沉头自攻螺钉(Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998)•六角法兰面螺母(IFI-145 2002) •六角法兰面螺栓(IFI-111 2002) •方头螺栓(ASME B18.2.1 1996)•大六角螺母和大六角薄螺母(ASME/ANS I B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)) •六角头垫圈面螺栓(ASME B18.2.1 199 6)• AB型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端(Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998) •十字槽沉头螺钉(Draft Revision ASM E B18.6.3 2002)•双头螺柱(IFI-136 2002) •半圆头方颈螺栓(ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998))•大六角头垫圈面螺栓(ASME B18.2.1 1 996) •自攻螺钉用十字槽盘头型式与尺寸(Abstr act of ASME B18.6.4 1998)•弹簧垫圈(ASME B18.21.1 1999) • BSD和CSD型自钻自攻螺钉用螺纹及末端尺寸(SAE J78 1998)•半沉头螺钉用十字槽型式与尺寸(Draft R evision ASME B18.6.3 2002) •半圆头螺栓(ASME B18.5 1990(R 19 98))•开槽沉头螺钉(Draft Revision ASME B18.6.3 2002) •十字槽半沉头自攻螺钉(Abstract of AS ME B18.6.4 1998)•开槽六角螺母(ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)) • BF和BT型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端(Abst ract of ASME B18.6.4 1998)美标IFI黄页方头和六角头螺栓--方头螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996--六角头螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996--六角头垫圈面螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996--大六角头垫圈面螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996--大六角头螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996大六角头螺螺栓--大六角头垫圈面螺栓—大规格公称直径IFI-149 2000方头和六角头螺栓--方头和六角头螺栓ASME B18.2.1 1996六角法兰面螺栓--六角法兰面螺栓IFI-111 200212角花形法兰面螺钉--12角花形法兰面螺栓IFI-115 2002圆形头螺栓--半圆头螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--半圆头方颈螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--大半圆头低方颈螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--大半圆头杆部滚花螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--大半圆头螺栓-带尖榫ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--大半圆头方颈螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--沉头螺栓和开槽沉头螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--114°沉头方颈螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--大沉头方颈螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)--T形头螺栓ASME B18.5 1990(R 1998)沉头螺栓--3#沉头方颈螺栓ASME B18.9 1996--7#沉头方颈螺栓ASME B18.9 1996--4#方沉头螺栓ASME B18.9 1996--6#圆沉头带单尖榫螺栓ASME B18.9 1996--4#标准方型沉头螺栓ASME B18.9 1996--6#标准方型沉头带单尖榫螺栓ASME B18.9 1996轨道螺栓--半圆头腰状颈轨道用螺栓ANSI/ASME B18.10 1982(R 2000)--半圆头椭圆锥颈轨道用螺栓ANSI/ASME B18.10 1982(R 2000)吊环螺栓--平型(直杆)吊环螺栓ASME B18.15 1985(R 1995)--轴肩吊环螺栓ASME B18.15 1985(R 1995)双头螺柱和非直杆螺栓--双头螺柱IFI-136 2002--双头螺柱—过盈配合螺纹IFI-136 2002--非直杆螺栓IFI-136 2002开槽螺钉--开槽沉头螺钉ASME B18.6.2 1998--开槽半圆头螺钉ASME B18.6.2 1998--开槽盘圆柱头螺钉ASME B18.6.2 1998焊接螺栓--U3型焊接螺栓(支撑面带三圆形焊点)IFI-148 2002--T3型焊接螺栓(顶面带三圆形焊点)IFI-148 2002--TD型焊接螺栓(顶面带盘状焊点)IFI-148 2002--UR型焊接螺栓(支撑面带环状焊点)IFI-148 2002--US3型焊接螺栓(支撑面带三椭圆焊点)IFI-148 2002--UC4型焊接螺栓(支撑面带四圆形焊点)IFI-148 2002--TC4型焊接螺栓(顶面带四圆形焊点)IFI-148 2002--TUS3型焊接螺栓(支撑面带三椭圆焊点)IFI-148 2002方螺母和六角螺母--方螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--六角螺母和六角薄螺母(单倒角)ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--六角螺母和六角薄螺母(双倒角或单面带垫圈面)ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--开槽六角螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--开槽六角厚螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--大方螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--大六角螺母和大六角薄螺母(单倒角)ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--大六角螺母和大六角薄螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)--开槽大六角螺母ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 1987(R 1999)六角法兰螺母和大六角法兰螺母--六角法兰面螺母IFI-145 2002六角特厚螺母--六角特厚螺母IFI-128 2000轨道螺栓用螺母--轨道螺栓用方螺母(单倒角)ANSI/ASME B18.10 1982(R 2000)机械螺栓用方螺母和六角螺母--机械螺栓用方螺母和六角螺母ANSI/ASME B18.6.3 1998蝶型螺母ASME B18.6.x DRAFT STANDARD 2002--B型碟形螺母ASME B18.6.x DRAFT STANDARD 2002--C型碟形螺母ASME B18.6.x DRAFT STANDARD 2002--D型碟形螺母ASME B18.6.x DRAFT STANDARD 2002钢结构连接副--钢结构大六角螺栓ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--淬硬圆垫圈和缺圆(大半月亮型)垫圈ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--淬硬方形斜垫圈和偏孔方形斜垫圈-锥度1:6 ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--垫圈型直接拉力指示器ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--钢结构大六角螺栓ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--钢结构螺栓用大六角螺母ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--钢结构高强度螺栓用平垫圈和方斜垫圈ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--最小抗拉强度为120/105ksi的热处理结构钢螺栓ASTM A325 2002--可压缩垫圈型直接张力指示器ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003--钢结构用大六角头和平圆头扭剪型高强度螺栓ASME DRAFT Revision B18.2.6 2003锁紧螺母--全金属六角和小六角锁紧螺母IFI-100/107 2002--全金属六角法兰面锁紧螺母IFI-100/107 2002内六角和内花键螺钉--内六角和内花键圆柱头螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角圆柱头螺钉-头下带圆角过渡ASME B18.3 2002--内六角圆柱头螺钉-头部带金属丝孔ASME B18.3 2002--内六角低圆柱头螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角和内花键沉头螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角和内花键盘头螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角圆柱头轴肩螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角和内花键紧定螺钉ASME B18.3 2002--内六角型式与尺寸ASME B18.3 2002--内花键型式与尺寸ASME B18.3 2002--内六角扳拧工具ASME B18.3 2002--内花键扳拧工具ASME B18.3 2002--内六角用量具ASME B18.3 2002--内花键用量具ASME B18.3 2002--内六角和内花键圆柱头螺钉用通孔和沉孔ASME B18.3 2002自攻螺钉--滚丝螺钉SAE J81 1997--自攻螺钉和自钻自攻螺钉型式与标记Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--AB型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--B和BP型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--BF和BT型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--D,F,G和T型自攻螺钉用螺纹和末端Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--开槽沉头自攻螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--十字槽沉头自攻螺钉--开槽球面圆柱头自攻螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--自攻螺钉用十字槽盘头型式与尺寸Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--标准六角头和大六角头自攻螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--六角凸缘头自攻螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--十字槽测深用I型测量头型式与尺寸Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--十字槽测深用IA型测量头型式与尺寸Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--十字槽II型测深装置及测量头型式与尺寸Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--自攻螺丝用C型螺纹(新产品不推荐采用)Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--自攻螺钉用沉头和小半沉头型式和尺寸Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--A,AB和BP型开槽平圆头自攻螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--圆头U型金属传动螺钉Abstract of ASME B18.6.4 1998--BSD和CSD型自钻自攻螺钉用螺纹及末端尺寸SAE J78 1998机械螺钉--开槽沉头螺钉Draft Revision ASME B18.6.3 2002方头和开槽无头调整螺钉--方头调整螺钉ASME B18.6.2 1998--开槽无头调整螺钉ASME B18.6.2 1998--内六角圆柱头螺钉与弹簧垫圈组合件ASME B18.6.2 1998翼形螺钉--A型翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--A型大翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--B型翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--B型大翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--A型双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--B型1类双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--B型2类双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--C型1类双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--C型2类双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--D型双翼形螺钉IFI-156 2002--翼形螺钉末端型式IFI-156 2002木螺钉--木螺钉螺纹及公称直径ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--开槽沉头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--十字槽沉头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--开槽半沉头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--十字槽半沉头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--开槽盘头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)--十字槽盘头木螺钉ASME B18.6.1 1981(R 1997)小螺钉--开槽圆柱头小螺钉ASME B18.11 1961(R 2000)--开槽平圆头小螺钉ASME B18.11 1961(R 2000)--开槽100°沉头小螺钉ASME B18.11 1961(R 2000)--开槽低圆柱头小螺钉ASME B18.11 1961(R 2000)大规格铆钉(公称直径大于或等于1/2英寸)--半圆头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--高半圆头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--截锥头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--沉头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--半沉头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--平圆头铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)--粗颈铆钉ASME B18.1.2 1972(R 2001)小规格实心铆钉(公称直径小于或等于7/16英寸)--平头和沉头铆钉ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)--半圆头和平圆头铆钉ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)--大扁圆头和扁平头铆钉ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)--144°扁沉头铆钉ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)--144°扁沉头和60°沉头铆钉ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)--小规格实心铆钉末端ASME B18.1.1 1972(R 2001)空心铆钉,全空心铆钉,开口铆钉和铆钉帽--扁圆头半空心铆钉ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--大扁圆头半空心铆钉ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--150°沉头半空心铆钉ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--120°沉头半空心铆钉ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--铆钉型式与尺寸ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--扁圆头和沉头开口铆钉ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)--铆钉帽ASME B18.7 1972(R 2001)芯杆拉断式抽芯盲铆钉--芯杆拉断式抽芯铆钉IFI-114 2003芯杆拉出式抽芯盲铆钉--半圆头和大半圆头芯杆拉出式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-117 2003--100°沉头芯杆拉出式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-117 2003膨胀结构自封闭抽芯盲铆钉--半圆头和大半圆头膨胀结构自封闭式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-119 2003--100°和120°沉头膨胀结构自封闭式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-119 2003击芯盲铆钉--平圆头击芯盲铆钉IFI-123 2003--沉头击芯盲铆钉IFI-123 2003芯杆拉断式封闭型抽芯盲铆钉--平圆头芯杆拉断式封闭型抽芯盲铆钉IFI-126 2003--120°沉头芯杆拉断式封闭型抽芯盲铆钉IFI-126 2003爆裂扩口结构自封闭式抽芯盲铆钉--平圆头和大平圆头爆裂扩口结构自封闭式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-130 2003--100°沉头爆裂扩口结构自封闭式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-130 2003芯杆拉断式膨胀结构自封闭组合式抽芯盲铆钉--平圆头和大平圆头芯杆拉断式膨胀结构自封闭组合式抽芯盲铆钉IFI-134 2003--100°沉头芯杆拉断式膨胀结构自封闭组合抽芯盲铆钉IFI-134 2003平垫圈--平垫圈ASME B18.22.1 1965(R 1998)锁紧垫圈--弹簧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--重型弹簧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--特重型弹簧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--轻型弹簧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--内锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--外锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999--内外锯齿弹性锁紧垫圈ASME B18.21.1 1999淬硬钢垫圈--淬硬钢垫圈Abstract Of ASTM F436 1993(R 2000)销轴和开口销--销轴ASME B18.8.1 1994 (R 2000)--开口销ASME B18.8.1 1994 (R 2000)圆锥销,圆柱销,槽销,和弹性销--圆锥销ASME B18.8.2 2000--圆柱销-精制ASME B18.8.2 2000--圆柱销-粗制ASME B18.8.2 2000--槽销ASME B18.8.2 2000--半圆头击打用槽销ASME B18.8.2 2000--T形头槽销ASME B18.8.2 2000--开槽式弹性圆柱销ASME B18.8.2 2000--卷制弹性圆柱销ASME B18.8.2 2000。
发动机冷却风扇气动性能的计算方法
211 计算方法选择 采用 F luent612软件对风扇气动性能进行仿真。
该软件提供了两种风扇性能计算的方法: 多重参考 系法 ( MRF ) 和滑动网格法 ( Sliding M esh) 。滑动网 格法比多重参考系法更为准确, 但它属于非稳态求 解, 占用大量的计算资源和计算时间。MRF 方法是 一种稳态算法, 在这种算法中, 风扇及其附近区域定 义在旋转参考系下, 其它区域则定义在静止参考系 下, 风扇相对于旋转参考系是静止的。MRF 方法对 计算资源占用较少, 精度也能满足一般工程要求, 因 此采用 MRF方法对风扇性能进行预测。 212 建立网格模型
510641;
[ Abstract] Ca lculat ion, m odeling and so lut ion techn iques fo r aerodynam ic perform ances of eng ine coo ling fan are presented. T he re lations betw een static pressure, pow er consumpt ion, efficiency and flow rate of a fan are calcu la ted by using CFD so ftw are F luent and validated w ith test resu lts. T hrough investigation into the inner pressure and ve loc ity fie lds o f the fan, the causes for the low effic iency o f the fan are ana lyzed w ith im provem ent schem es proposed. T he results of calculat ion show that t ip clearance has great influence on the perform ances o f a fan and too large a t ip c learance w ill lead to low eff ic iency. So t ip c learance should be reduced o r a ring shou ld be installed around fan tip to im prove the perform ances of the fan.
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SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS SURFACE VEHICLE 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001RECOMMENDED PRACTICEAn American National Standard J1986ISSUED FEB93Issued1993-02BALANCE WEIGHT AND RIM FLANGE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS, TEST PROCEDURES, ANDPERFORMANCE RECOMMENDATIONSForeword—This Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards Board Format.1.Scope—This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to serve as a guide for standardization of features,dimensions, and configurations of balance weights and rim flanges for aluminum and steel wheels intended foruse on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles to assure good insertion and retention of thebalance weight on the rim flange. This document also provides test procedures and minimum performancerequirements for testing balance weight retention. Alternate materials and geometries can be addressed inthe future.2.References2.1Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein.2.1.1T IRE & R IM A SSOCIATION P UBLICATIONS —Available from The Tire & Rim Association, Inc., 175 MontroseWest Avenue, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321.Tire & Rim Association Y earbook3.Definitions 3.1Balance Weight Assembly—An assembly of the weight and the clip which is intended for mounting on therim flange to balance the tire/wheel assembly about its axis of rotation and thus minimize vibrations due to therotation of the tire/wheel assembly.3.1.1W EIGHT —Metal (usually lead) of a specified mass with contours to conform to the surface of the rim flange.3.1.2C LIP —Specially formed metal affixed to the weight to mount the balance weight on the rim flange.3.1.3S PUR —An optional part of a clip protruding from its surface interfacing with the rim flange.3.1.4B ALANCE W EIGHTC OATING —Noncorrosive material coating (polyester, nylon, etc.) to prevent corrosion.3.1.5B ALANCE W EIGHT K EY D IMENSIONS—Dimensions which are essential for fitting the balance weight on the rimflange.3.1.6B ALANCE W EIGHT S IZE—The balance weight size is determined by the magnitude of the balance weight massand is expressed in g (oz).3.1.7B ALANCE W EIGHT R ETENTION F ORCE—A static force required to remove the balance weight from the rimflange as set forth in Section 7.3.1.8B ALANCE W EIGHT R ETENTION—An ability of the balance weight to maintain its secure position on the rimflange in various service conditions on the road as well as in the laboratory.3.1.9I NTERFERENCE—The measure of balance weight press fit computed as the difference between the flangethickness and the weight gap.3.1.10C LIP S PRING R ATE—The change of clamping force per unit change of deflection.3.1.11For further definitions and descriptions of nomenclature of balance weights Figure 1.3.1.12R IM F LANGE—That part of the rim where the balance weight is mounted.3.1.12.1Rim Flange Key Dimensions—Dimensions which are essential for fitting the balance weight on the rimflange.3.1.12.2For further definitions and descriptions of nomenclature of rim flange features, Figure 2 for aluminumwheels and Figure 3 for steel wheels.4.Balance Weight Assembly Types—Balance weight types are identified and marked by letter codes (Table 1).Four different types of balance weights have been evaluated and recommended for use in the industry: P, C, T, and MC (Figure 4). Alternate balance weight types, for example AW, currently in use are not included.TABLE 1—TYPICAL APPLICATION CHART BALANCE WEIGHT SELECTIONTypeSteelWheelAlum.WheelFlange LipThicknessmm (in)FlangeOffsetmm (in)Rim ContourP X 2.67—3.81(0.105—0.150)10.5 ± 1.2(0.41 ± 0.05)J, JB, JJC X 2.03—2.67(0.080—0.105)10.5 ± 1.2(0.41 ± 0.05)J, JB, JJT X 3.43—4.83(0.135—0.190)10.5 ± 1.2(0.41 ± 0.05)J, JB, JJRolled Steel TypeMC X X 4.57—5.21(0.180—0.205)10.5 ± 1.2(0.41 ± 0.05)J, JB, JJAluminum Per Design GuideFIGURE 1—BALANCE WEIGHT ASSEMBL Y TERMINOLOGYFIGURE 2—ALUMINUM WHEEL RIM FLANGE TERMINOLOGYFIGURE 3—STEEL WHEEL RIM FLANGE TERMINOLOGYFIGURE 4—BALANCE WEIGHT ASSEMBLY TYPES5.Rim Flange Types—Rim flange types are identified by letter codes. Rim flange types covered by thisdocument are: J, JB, and JJ. Alternate rim flange types, for example L, currently in use are not included.Configurations of these rim flanges are shown in the Tire and Rim Association (TRA) yearbook. Dimensions shown in the TRA book are limited to those pertaining to the rim flange contour on the tire side and do not include dimensions on the balance weight side. Recommended rim flange dimensions and configurations on the balance weight side are discussed in Section 5 and are shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7.6.Recommended Rim Flange Features, Dimensions, and Configurations6.1Machined/As Cast Aluminum Wheels—Recommended rim flange features, dimensions, and configurationsare shown in Figures 5 and 6. The rim flanges shown in Figures 5 and 6 are intended for MC type balance weights.6.2Rolled Aluminum Rims—Recommended rim flange features, dimensions, and configurations have not yetbeen established.6.3Steel Wheels—Recommended rim flange features, dimensions, and configurations are shown in Figure7.7.Balance Weight Assembly Selection—Recommended balance weights for different rim types are shown inTable 1.8.Test Procedure (Static)8.1Preparation of Balance Weights for Test8.1.1S ELECTION O F B ALANCE W EIGHTS—For each test use a set of new balance weights of different sizesrepresentative of the wheel for which they are intended. The balance weights of each size shall be equally divided into two groups each containing the same number. For testing purposes, one group shall be mounted on the outboard flange and the other group on the inboard flange.8.1.2M EASUREMENTS O F K EY D IMENSIONS O F B ALANCE W EIGHTS—For balance weights intended for aluminumwheels, measure weight gap and spur depth. For balance weights intended for steel wheels, measure weight gap only. The measured values of weight gap and spur depth shall be within design specification shown in Table 2.8.1.3M ARKING O F B ALANCE W EIGHTS—Individual balance weights of different sizes shall be picked at random fromthe selected group and marked by using sequential numbers. One half of the group are to be tested on the outboard flange and the other half on the inboard rim flange.8.2Preparation of the Wheel8.2.1C LEANING—Clean the surfaces of the outboard and the inboard rim flanges to remove any dirt or grease byusing solvent which leaves no residue.8.2.2M ARKING—Using a felt pen, make equally spaced marks around the circumference of the outboard andinboard flanges to indicate mounting points for each of the balance weights. The flange surface at each mounting point shall be free of scratches, gouges, and welds.8.2.3M EASUREMENT O F R IM F LANGE D IMENSIONS—Measure and record the following three dimensions on theoutboard and inboard rim flanges: Flange Lip Thickness, Flange Offset, and Flange Width Figure 2 and Figure 3. All measured dimensions shall be within design specifications shown in Figures 5, 6, or 7.8.3Test Equipment—The test equipment shall be capable of removing the balance weight from the rim flange aswell as measuring and reading the maximum force required to initiate movement.8.4Test Sequence—Test shall be conducted in the following sequence:8.4.1Install the probe for moving the balance weight on the rim flange in the center hole of the fixture with the flatedge facing up Figure 8.8.4.2Install the balance weight on the inboard and outboard rim flange by using a nonmetallic hammer. Strike the balance weight in such a manner that one blow properly seats it on the rim flange.8.4.3Install the wheel in the test fixture and center it on the base of the fixture as shown in Figure 8.8.4.4Set the probe in the center of the hole or notch located in the clip by adjusting its horizontal, vertical, and angular positions while avoiding contact with the rim flange during test sequence.8.4.5Set the force indicator on the test equipment to zero.8.4.6Gradually increase the force on the lever until the balance weight moves. Record the maximum indicated force.8.4.7Discard the balance weight removed from the rim flange and do not use it in future testing.8.4.8Reset the wheel for the next position of balance weight removal.8.4.9Repeat steps 8.4.2 through 8.4.8 for each balance weight installed on the inboard and outboard rim flange following a sequential order of balance weight numbers.9.Performance Requirements—The minimum value of balance weight retention force determined in accordance with the Static Test procedure described in Section 7 shall be equal to or greater than 155 N (35lbf). Balance weight assemblies showing retention force values below 155 N (35 lbf) should be evaluated with the balance weight manufacturer as dynamic testing may be required.TABLE 2—RECOMMENDED BALANCE WEIGHT DESIGN SPECIFCATIONSBal Wt Type Wheel Design Specified Recommended Limits mm (in)Weight Gap Design Specified Recommended Limits mm (in)SpurRecommendedInterferencemm (in)PSteel 2.03—2.41(0.080—0.95)0.64(0.025) min CSteel 1.57—1.98(0.062—0.078)0.64(0.025) min TSteel 2.67—3.05(0.105—0.120)0.64(0.025) min MC Alum. 4.06—4.45(0.160—0.175)0.76—1.14(0.030—0.045)0.64(0.025) minWEIGHT—OPTION #1BALANCE WEIGHT—OPTION #2FIGURE 7—RECOMMENDED DESIGN PRACTICE STEEL WHEELS "P, C, T" TYPE BALANCE WEIGHTSFIGURE 8—TYPICAL FIXTURE FOR REMOVAL OF BALANCE WEIGHTS AND ENLARGED VIEWOF PUSH-OFF PIVOTPREPARED BY THE SAE WHEEL ST ANDARDS COMMITTEERationale—Balance weight retention is typically thought of as the ability of the weight to remain on the wheel throughout road use of a vehicle. To duplicate this "retention" in service use, a series of tests were developed to comprehend the direct ability of a balance weight to retain on a wheel. In service use, there is no force normal to the weight that will pull the weight off as the wheel rotates. Rather, there exists a centrifugal force coupled with the attachment clip that keeps the weight in its installed position.The effort is to provide sufficient engineering data to support the recommended designs of wheels and balance weights shown in SAE J1986.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to serve as a guide for standardization of features, dimensions, and configurations of balance weights and rim flanges for aluminum and steel wheels intended for use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles to assure good insertion and retention of the balance weight on the rim flange. This document also provides test procedures and minimum performance requirements for testing balance weight retention. Alternate materials and geometries can be addressed in the future.Reference SectionTire & Rim Association Y earbookDeveloped by the SAE Wheel Standards Committee。