2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高三上英语期中试卷解析
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（25 分）Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu（r创业者）. She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight 23 （power） by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 （o ffer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side 26 （heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 （use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR）B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms）D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag（e《神奇旅程》）. In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots（量子点）”，whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing（10 分）Directions：R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation（15 分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。
2017年上海南汇中学高一英语第一学期期中考试卷.docx(每题下附答案)
2017年度上海南汇中学第一学期期中考考试考高一英语本场考试时间为90分钟，总分100分II.Grammar and Vocabulary 20%Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Japan is a food heaven which has a unique food culture. You can find food from different countries worldwide in this island nation, and it is also very good at ___21____ (combine) foreign food with its own traditional food. You may even find some food which___22_____only be found in Japan. One of them is called “Okosama Lunch,” or “ Kids’ Lunch.”In major department stores in Japan, there usually are many restaurants on the top floor of the building. No matter what kind of food they serve, they usually have a menu for “Okosama Lunch.” ____23____ it is called a lunch, it is served at suppertime in most cases.It is said that “Okosama Lunch,” a kid’s menu was invented in 1930 by Taro Ando, a chief manager of Mitsukoshi Department ____24____ (famous) department store in Japan founded in 1673. Ando came up with an idea to have a variety of food which kids like on one plate and decorate ___25___ nicely. The plate usually has molded rice with a tiny national flag chosen from one of many countries on top. ___26___ it was during the Depression (大萧条), Ando thought it would be nice ___27___ (have) something looking good for kids to enjoy.Besides a small portion of rice, an “Okosama Lunch”usually contains kid’s favorite food, such as hamburger steak, deep-fried chicken, red Vienna sausages, Spaghetti Neapolitan, fried shrimp and pudding.The details of this special menu are different from restaurant to restaurant, resulting in different types of “Okosama Lunch” across the country. They ___28____ (design) to attract kids with popular comic characters on the plate.Now you can find “Okosama Lunch” anywhere in Japan. At some restaurants, they have an age limit for this fun menu and usually serve the menu only for kids under ten years old. But itreally depends on your luck __29___ you can enjoy this fun food or not. Next time you ___30____ (visit) Japan, you should try this special menu to have a good time with food and enjoy the diversity of Japanese food culture.【答案】bining 22.can 23.Although / though 24. the most famous 25. it26.when 27. to have 28. are designed 29.whether 30.visitSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is said that museums play an important part in education. Those youngsters who visit museums (31)_______ are likely to get their mind broadened. The list of the reasons might be long. The main factor is that, by attending different exhibitions in the museum, children have (32)_______ to the trace of history and the (33)_______ human civilization. The exhibited items in museums carry rich information, (34)_______ evolution, habitants, industry, art, religion and so on. Educators in (35)_______sincerely advise that children should be guided to take advantage of museums. They insist that a visit should (36)_______hours because it takes children some time to watch the items, collect the related information and imagine the site or picture they reflect. Meanwhile, the staff are required to prepare the exhibition carefully to (37)_______ that most visitors are able to enjoy a satisfactory travel there, and the collections and the (38)_______are under full protection to avoid any possible (39)_______. Parents and school are to take museums as a/an (40)_______way to make children taste or study the development of history.【答案】31-55 KAGDH 36-40 FECIBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Email has had a good run as king of communications. But its leading position is over. In its place, a new _____41_____ of services is starting to take hold -- services like Twitter andFacebook and countless others vying for a piece of the new world.Years ago, we were _____42_____ if it took a few days for a letter to arrive. A couple of years ago, we'd complain about a half-hour _____43_____in getting an email. Today, we gripe about it taking an extra few seconds for a text message to _____44_____. In a few months, we may be complaining that our cellphones aren't automatically able to send _____45_____ to friends within a certain distance, letting them know we're nearby. (A number of services already do this.) These new services also make communicating more frequent and _____46_____ -- more like a blog comment or a throwaway aside, rather than a crafted（精制的）email sent to one person. No need to spend time _____47_____ a long email to your half-dozen closest friends about how your vacation went. Now those friends, if they're interested, can watch it unfold in real time online. _____48_____ sending a few emails a week to a handful of friends, you can send dozens of messages a day to hundreds of people who know you, or just _____49_____ do.But the _____50_____ and ease of communication cut both ways. While making communication more frequent, they can also make it less _____51_____ and intimate（亲密的）. Communicating is becoming so easy that the recipient knows how little time and thought was required of the sender. Yes, your half-dozen closest friends can read your vacation updates. But so can your 500 other 'friends.' And if you know all these people are _____52_____ your updates, you might say a lot less than you would otherwise.That can make it harder to determine the _____53_____ of various messages. In the new messaging world, you have a higher profile, packed with data you want to share and possibly some you don't. Such a public profile has its pluses and minuses. It can _____54_____ the people communicating closer, allowing them to exchange not only text but also all sorts of personal information, even facial cues. You know a lot about the person you are talking to, even before you've ever _____55_____ a single word.41. A. competition B. generation C. comparison D. revolution42. A. satisfied B. overjoyed C.relieved D. anxious43. A. delay B. advance C.opportunity D. composition44. A. lead to B. mention C. go through D. look through45. A. message B. parcels C. copies D. essays46. A. convenient B. informal C. remote D.public47. A. deleting B.receiving C. getting D.writing48. A. Although B. Because of C. Instead of D. While49. A. hardly B. simply C. normally D. completely50. A. worry B. anxiety C. speed D. comfort51. A. public B. personal C. close D. distant52. A. downloading B. surfing C. previewing D. reading53. A. importance B. convenience C. reaction D. attitude54. A. catch B. draw C. prevent D. oppose55. A. spoken B. talked C. exchanged D. expressed【答案】B D A C A A D C B B B D B B ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids(金字塔). They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the “Step” pyramid and the “Bent” pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look as much alike as they must have been when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to keep the pyramids in good condition, and their very shape has made them less likely to fall into ruin. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important one is that they were planned to last forever.The “Step” pyramid had to be on the west side of the Nile(尼罗河), the side on which the sun set. This was for spiritual reasons. It also had to stand well above the level of the river to protect it against the regular floods. It could not be too far from the Nile, however, as the stones to build itneeded to be carried in boats down the river to the nearest point. Water transport was , of course, much easier than land transport. The builders also had to find a rock base, which was not likely to crack under the great weight of the pyramid. Finally, it had to be near the capital, or better still, near king’s palace so that he could visit it easily to personally check the progress bei ng made on the final resting place for his body.56.Most of the damage to the pyramids has been caused by _______.A. stones.B. rivers.C. weather.D. men.57.According to the passage, the “Step” pyramid_________.A. Is unlikely to fall into ruin in the future.B. was built on the stands along the Nile.C. is the one that was built later than the true pyramids.D. is the most famous of the true pyramids.58. The most important reason why some pyramids remain in good condition is that _______.A. people have taken care of them.B. it doesn’t rain often in Egypt.C.they were well designed.D. The government has protected them from damage.59.The Egyptians built the pyramids along the banks of the Nile because __________.A. they believed in their god.B. it was difficult to find a large rock base far from the Nile.C. the river helped a lot in the transport of building materials.D. it was not easy to choose a suitable place for the pyramids.【答案】DACC( B )The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S. group called One Laptop Per Child.The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves toread in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they’re already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse. The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable,” said Keller.The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading,” where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.60. How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?A．It trains teachers for them.B．It contributes to their self-study.C．It helps raise their living standards.D．It provides funds for building schools.61. What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph 3?A．They need more time to analyze data.B．More children are needed for the research.C．He is confident about the future of the project.D．The research should be carried out in kindergartens.62. It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could _______.A．learn English words quickly.B．draw pictures of animals.C．write letters to researchers.D．make phone calls to his friends.63. What is the aim of the project?A．To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.B．To make Amharic widely used in the world.C．To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.D．To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.【答案】B C A CSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The food people eat during celebrations and ceremonies can symbolize（象征）many things, But sharing food is one custom that almost all humans have in common.B.Food serves this purpose in two fundamental ways.C.Sometimes this is based on their shape;for instance,long noodles symbolize long life.D.It is also one of the most commonly shared foods in the world.E.This ritual expresses their hope that the baby will never be hungry.F.In Greece,people share a special cake called vasilopita.We usually understand when someone speaks or writes to us,and many gestures and facial expressions have meaning,too.But have you ever considered what and how we eat as a form of communication?_____64______ In many cultures,people share food at mealtimes.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a prominent role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions.The foods we eat——and when and how we eat them——are often unique to a particular culture,or may even differ between rural and urban areas within one country.In most cultures,bread represents nourishment._____65______ Sharing bread,whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table,is a common symbol of companionship and togetherness.In fact,the word “companion”comes from the Latin com (together) and panis (bread).Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with elaborately decorated cakes thatare cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread,so this tradition has its root in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States,pieces of cornbread represent blocks of gold for prosperity in the new year._____66______ A coin is baked into the cake,which signifies success in the new year for the person who receives it.Most of the foods eaten during the Chinese New Year have symbolic significance._____67______ The symbolism can also be based on the sound of the world in Chinese.For example,people give out oranges because the word for “orange” sounds like the word for “good luck.”【答案】A D F CIV. Verb filling 8%Directions: Complete the following sentences by using proper forms of the words.68.The government ______________(pay) attention to protecting the environment due to more and more serious pollution in recent years.69.When I called Mr. Smith for some business affairs last week, he told me it was not convenient for him then because he _____________(have) a trip abroad.70.Most of the students feel nervous when they ___________(remind) that it will be about half a year before they take the college entrance examination.71.He admitted ____________(steal) the money but promised never to do it again.72.It is estimated that the new stadium ___________(take) shape by the time we hold the next Olympics.73.Our opinions should __________(base) on the facts, or they make no sense.74.After finishing his college education, Steven ________(employ) in a bank.75.Rather than _________(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.【答案】68. has paid 69.was having 70.are reminded 71.having stolen 72.will have taken 73. be based 74. was employed 75. rideV. Recitation76. In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact shows _____________. For instance, an Asianmight close his eyes in ____________ or look down while listening to a speaker.77. Lack of ___________ and iron makes your hair less shiny. So, you need ____________ amounts of green vegetables, fruits and dairy products.78. Stress in your life can secretly ___________ your hair of its shiny beauty. Relaxing music and more rest are both ___________ for stress.79. In the Potala, there are amny ancient ____________, paintings and historical items from the Tibetan _____________ .80. _____________ of the museum was completed in 1996. The building is a ____________ structure with a square base and a round top.【答案】respect concentration protection adequate rob remedies sculptures civilization Construction magnificentVI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.81.如果有任何问题，不要犹豫与我联系。
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高三上英语期中试卷解析
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高三上英语期中试卷解析II. Grammar and V ocabulary 20%Section A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the United States, there is a social networking platform (21) (call) Instagram. Internet users around the world gather and share their photos there. With social networking, Instagram has turned “travel bragging” --posting attractive images from exotic places to show off --into something of an art form.Gain enough followers and you could increase influencer status, (22) (allow) you to take advantage of your “social media influence to travel the world, frequently in luxury.” That goal may partly explain(23) surveys from around the world are beginning to show that significant numbers of youngsters spend lots of hours a day on their smartphones while traveling and would prefer posting enviable selfies to photos with loved ones.Now companies are beginning to take advantage of their eagerness to post impressive photos on social media as well. Among them, (24) (successful)is Krome Photos, a photo editing website (25) uses artificial intelligence to pair people with professional photo editors who (26) take your images and transform them to make (27) look like you're anywhere in the world. The cost of edits ranges between $3 and $12 and most takes between 12 or 24 hours.“In the old days our car or our house (28) (represent) who we were,” said Eduardo Llach, the company's chief executive and founder who compared ,his employment model to Uber. “Now, your online image is everything and people (29) (realize) that photos give you the ability to create whoever you want to be.”For some, Instagram filters are already outdated, Now, Llach noted, people are beginning to bypass conventional filters and editing apps on their smartphone and relying instead (30) artificial intelligence.【答案】21.called 22.allowing 23.why 24.the most successful 25.that/which 26.can27.them 28.represented 29. have realized/are realizing 30.on【解析】21.考察非谓语动词，作非谓语成分。
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高一上英语期中试卷解析
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高一上英语期中试卷解析II: Grammar and Vocabulary: （30%）每题1分Section A:Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent.Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.A Special Menu for KidsJapan is a food heaven which has a unique food culture. You can find food from different countries worldwide in this island nation, and it is also very good at (21) __________ (combine) foreign food with its own traditional food.You may even find some food which (22) __________ only be found in Japan.One of them is called"Okosama Lunch" or "Kids Lunch"In major department stores in Japan, there usually are many restaurants on the top floor of the building.No matter what kind of food they serve,they usually have a menu for "Okosama Lunch". (23) __________ it is called a lunch ,it is served at suppertime in most cases.It is said that "Okosama Lunch""a kids"menu, was invented in 1930 by Taro Ando, a chief manager of Mitsukoshi Department Store, (24) __________ (famous) department store in Japan founded in 1673.Ando came up with an idea to have a variety of food which kids like on one plate and decorate (25) __________ nicely.The plate usually has molded rice with a tiny national flag chosen from one of many countries on top. (26) __________ it was during the Depression(大萧条). Ando thought it would be nice (27) __________ (have) something looking good for kids to enjoy.Besides a small portion of rice, an "Okosama Lunch"usually contains kids' favorite food, such as hamburger steak, deep-fried chicken, red Vienna sausages. Spaghetti Neapolitan, fried shrimp and pudding.The details of this special menu are different from restaurant to restaurant, resulting in different types of "Okosama Lunch" across the country. They (28) __________ (design) to attract kids with popular comic characters on the plate.Now you can find "Okosama Lunch"anywhere in Japan.At some restaurants, they have an age limit for this fun menu and usually serve the menu only for kids under ten years old.But it really depends on your luck (29) __________ you can enjoy this fun food or not. Next time you (30) __________ (visit) Japan, you should try this special menu to have a good time with food and enjoy the diversity of Japanese food culture.【答案】bing 22.can 23. Although/Though/While 24.the most famous 25.it26. Because/Since/As 27.to have 28.are designed 29. whether 30. visit【解析】21.考察非谓语动词。
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高二上英语期中试卷解析
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高二上英语期中试卷解析II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blank, use one word that best, fits each blankMany fashions popular with Chinese college students draw their inspiration from South Korea and Japan. To my mind, sparkly mobile phones (21) (cover) with rhinestones or knee-length tights look rather strange, but at least they are harmless.However, one of this season's (22) (hot) fashion items could be more dangerous than it might first appear. Circle lenses, a type of contact lens which makes eye appear larger, can cause serious health problems.You've probably seen circle lenses on sale in shops and (23) (wear) by young women around town. They are often colorful, endorsed by cartoon characters such as Hello Kitty, and are available both as prescription (处方) lenses and purely cosmetic lenses. What you may not know is that in countries such as the US, buying contact lenses(24) a prescription is illegal.According to experts, contact lenses (25) do not fit properly can deprive the eye of oxygen and lead to serious eye problem-even blindness. Yet a quick search of reveals dozens of cosmetic lenses for sale to anyone with the money to buy them.My friend Feifei bought a pair from a shop on her university campus. “I wanted to enlarge my pupils(瞳孔) (26) could make my eyes look bigger and brighter.” she says. For her, the benefits of being able to match the color of her eyes to her clothes are too attractive (27) . (resist).She is not concerned with any problems that (28) result from wearing these lenses because she tooka prescription from an optometrist to the shop. Sadly many people buy cosmetic lenses without a prescription,(29) is where problems can start.Such risks are part of a long tradition of women endangering their health in the search for beauty: from 16" century European women who whitened their faces with poisonous powder (30) (contain) lead (铅) , to the disastrous results of botched cosmetic surgery today.【答案】21.covered 22.hottest 23.worn 24.without 25.that/which 26.so that 27.to resist28.may/might 29.which 30. containing【解析】21．考察非谓语动词，作非谓语成分。
【推荐下载】上海南汇中学高三英语期中试题
[o meet a friend C.Something prevented her from catching the bus. D.Her car broke down. 9.A.Rick is the man’s cousin. B.The man has graduated from technical school. C.It’s hard to find a job. D.Rick got a good job. 10.A.Drive on through the night. B.Check out of the motel C.Cancel their motel reservation. D.Stop driving for the rest of the day. Section B Passages Directions: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.By bus B.By train C.By car D.By ship 12.A.They saw the first kangaroo. B.They saw an Australian tailed eagle. C.They’ve never been here before. D.They saw a few wild horses. 13.A.Wild horses B.Kangaroos rge birds D.Some dingoes Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.Polar bears B.Polar bear’s protection C.Conference in southern England D.Protestors
2020-2021学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A4 Best Drive--In Movie Theaters in the USColorado: Holiday Twin Drive--InAddress: 2206 S Overland Trail, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USAPhone: +1 970-221-1244The theater, open since 1968 and currently the most popular drive-in in the US, provides various special foods. The menu there even amazes meat-free customers. But please remember the outside food is forbidden here. Besides, the Rocky Mountains provide a pastoral (田园式的) backdrop to screenings, and sunsets usually don’t disappoint either. It also offers lots of unique events that go beyond the big screen.North Carolina: Hound’s Drive--InAddress: 114 Raven Cir, Kings Mountain, NC 28086, USAPhone: +1 704-739-4424Having only opened in 2016, it’s one of the newest theaters on the block. The drive-in features newer equipment and digital projection. People can bring their animal friends along.Florida: Fort Lauderdale Swap ShopAddress: 3291 W Sunrise Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33311, USAPhone: +1 954-791-7927The Florida favorite offers plenty ofways to have fun. With 14 screens, the self-proclaimed (自称的) world’s largest drive-in equals any indoor cinema in terms of capacity and programming. It also includes an 88-acre flea (跳蚤) market and a free Ferrari museum. It’s best to book tickets on the Internet ahead of time if you don’t want to wait in line.California: Mission Tiki Drive -InAddress: 10798 Ramona Ave, Montclair, CA 91763, USAPhone: +1 909-628-0511Let’s have fun in the old-school outdoor cinema in Montclair, California. Remember tickets are available atthe ticket office only. It alternates (交替) up to eight new releases on four screens and hosts almost daily swap meets where people can exchange things they no longer need. It also organizes classic car and lowrider meet-ups.1.What can people do in Holiday Twin Drive-In?A.Participate in somespecial activities.B.Enjoy the film with the latest equipment.C.Learn about the benefits of being meat free.D.Share home-made cookies while watching the film.2.Which of the following theaters is friendly to visitors with pets?A.Hound’s Drive- In.B.Mission Tiki Drive-In.C.Holiday Twin Drive-In.D.Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop.3.What do Fort Lauderdale Swap Shop and Mission Tiki Drive-In have in common?A.Both feature old-fashioned styles.B.Both allow booking tickets online.C.Both provide free museum exhibitions.D.Both offer chances to trade second-hand goods.BAccording to a survey published by the American Institutes for Research last year, a total of 57 colleges were operating some form of CBE programs and about 85 percent of all the higher education officials said they were either designing a CBE program at their school or were considering doing so.Students in a CBE program choose a central field of study, just as they would at a traditional college or university. Yet instead of attending a series of classes led by professors or teaching assistants at schools, the students study online and direct themselves.CBE programs require students to show their understanding of a given set of sills Students must prove their mastery of skills that relate to their field of choice by taking related exams. Once they have met all the requirements of their study programs, the students will get their degrees.CBE programs have made use of many new technologies, especially internet and online media. This helps reduce barriers for nontraditional and other students by bringing higher education to them. And programs that permit students to work at their own speed may save students' money by reducing the time it takes for them to earn a degree.But some educators have concerns about the value of the education that CBE programs offer. Johann NeematWesternWashingtonUniversityargues that the purpose of higher education is not simply to help students master certain skills. It should teach students how to think critically (批判性地) understand the subjects they are studying more deeply and see how they are connected to other subjects. Only that way can they put the knowledge to better use.He said, “You need to explore, think .. get shaken, have a conversation and struggle. Andthose things take time.”Instead of supporting CBE, he adds, policy makers and educators should look for ways to improve access and reduce costs for traditional higher education.4. How are CBE programs different from traditional college education?A. They require students to choose their subjects.B. They offer shorter curricula and are less expensive.C. They heavily rely on the information technologies.D. They allow students to take easier examinations.5. What can we learn from Johann Neem's words?A Free access to traditional education should be provided.B. Higher education just focuses on critical thinking skills.C. Students should spend longer time completing the degree courses.D. College students should be challenged to explore around their subjects.6. How does Johann Neem's attitude toward CBE programs?A. Supportive.B. Disapproving.C. Sympathetic.D. Uncaring.7. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To press policy-makers to provide more affordable education.B. To show the disadvantages of the traditional college education.C. To introduce a new controversial trend in the higher education.D. To encourage educators to improve the quality of CBE programs.CChancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne said yesterday he would use the autumn spending review to increase Britain’s￡12bn-a-year aid budget towards humanitarian(人道主义的) causes in the wake of the European refugee(难民) crisis.Britainpromised to spend 0.7 percent of state general product on aid, meaning the budget could rise sharply by the end of the decade as the economy grows.Mr Osborne also said more of the aid budget could be given to help local government with housing costs for incomers, without breaking international guidelines.“We will use the foreign aid budget to help with the costs of these refugees. People ask about the pressure on public services; we’ll have extra money to help with that.”The government was unable to give a figure for how much aid money could be handed to local authorities: it would depend on how many refugees are accepted.David Cameron, Prime Minister, will set out his position on aid for refugees today. It is reported thatBritainwill accept at least 10,000 extra people from camps on theSyriaborder. He will use a statement in the House of Commons to flesh out plans — announced inMadridon Friday — to take more people.A report inThe Sunday Timesthat the UK would take 15,000 Syrians, not far from the 18,000 figure demanded by the EU, was described by “Downing Street” as a “guess”.TheUKwill offer to resettle Syrians directly from refugee camps inJordan,LebanonandTurkey— but not those who have already reached the EU.8. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Britain tried to help refugees.B. People doubtBritain’s kindness.C. Britain tried to explain its behavior.D. Refugees like to live inBritain.9. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A. Britain’s economy grows rapidly.B. Britain will use little of its money to help refugees.C. Most countries are not willing to help refugees.D.Britainwill use more money to help refugees.10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Britain will use foreign money to help refugees.B. Britain helps refugees following international guidelines.C. Britain will use foreign money to develop themselves.D. People ask to use public service money to help refugees.11. What can we know from the passage?A. Britain can hold 10,000 refugees at most.B. The number of refugees to be received is uncertain.C. House of Commons declare a general plan.D.Britaincan hold 15,000 refugees at most.DAs summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist, and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.12. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?A. He is an adventurous person by natureB. He likes challenging himself by travellingC. He enjoys travelling with other adventurersD He needs others’ help when going on an adventure13. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？A. Going to different countries.B. Going to unfamiliar places.C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.14. What will the author do this summer？A. Explore Niagara Falls.B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.C. Camp out in upstate New York.D. Hike and camp out in Maine.15. Who is probably the author?A. A high school student.B. A college student.C. A friendly guide.D. A warm-hearted teacher.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2020届上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANew events and changes of junior golf competition calendarNew eventsNotah BegayⅢJunior Golf National ChampionshipWhat does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.Barbasol Junior ChampionshipBeginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club inNicholasville,Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.Changed eventsThunderbird International JuniorThe dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club inScottsdale,Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.Gator InvitationalJunior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson inJackson,Mississippi.1. Which event can be watched on TV?A. Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship.B. Barbasol Junior Championship.C. Thunderbird International Junior.D. Gator Invitational.2. When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?A. At the end of May.B. From April 9 to 12.C. Between June 29and July 2.D. From March 13 to 15.3. What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?A. The award given to the winnerB. The place where it is played.C. The required age of the players.D. The number of rounds it has.BJIANLI, Hubei Province, June 2 (Xinhua) — A cruise ship carrying more than 450 people sank in the Yangtze River overnight, which could be China’s worst sinking disaster in decades. As of 6 p.m. Tuesday, 14 peoplehad been rescued from the capsized vessel, with five others confirmed dead. The rest are still missing, although rescuers said there could be more survivors. Strong winds and heavy rain are hampering rescue efforts.The Eastern Star sank in only 15 meters of water “within one or two minutes” of being caught in freak weather in Jianli, according to the ship’s captain and chief engineer who survived the incident. The ship left the eastern Chinese city ofNanjingon May 28 bound forChongqingMunicipality.The ship was carrying 403 passengers, five tour guides, and 46 crew, rather than the previously reported 47. Most passengers were tourists fromShanghaiand its neighboringprovinceofJiangsu, aged between 3 and 83, with most in their 60s and 70s.The 76.5-meter-long and 11-meter-wide vessel has been in service for nearly 20 years and can carry up to 534 people. It is owned by Chongqing Dongfang Shipping. Waterway officials said they have no record of the company being involved in any previous sinking incidents.According to weather forecast, most of the Yangtze basin will be subject to downpours over the next 10 days, with heavy rain expected in the area where the search is underway.Police, waterway authorities and fire departments have sent more than 150 boats and over 4,000 personnel to the scene. The Chinese Navy has sent diving forces to search for the missing. The team is composed of soldiers from the navy’s fleets in the North Sea, East China Sea, andSouth China Sea, as well as students of the Naval University of Engineering. In addition, five helicopters were dispatched fromBeijingandHubei’s provincial capital ofWuhanon Tuesday morning, along with an IL-76 transport plane.4. We can infer from the text that ________.A. the incident was very suddenB. the weather benefited the rescueC. the ship had bad safety recordsD. the ship’s captain was drowned5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Eastern Star?A. It was overloaded.B. It’s been launched recently.C. It had 454 people on board.D. Its owner met similar incidents.6. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?A. How people came to the rescue.B. Why the rescue was quite difficult.C. What the rescue force consisted of.D. How the rescue operation went on.7. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to ________.A. informB. explainC. describeD. entertainCLast year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trendtakes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.8. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.9. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.10. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population11. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferentDJack was born without eyes. He was very lucky as he grew up having other kittens (young cats) to socialize (交往)with, and was used to people from the moment he was born. However, when it came time to find the kittens homes, no one knew where Jack would end up.That’s when I got an e-mail from my friend. All she asked was “Do you still want one of the kittens? There’s one here with no eyes and no one would like to take him”. Without thinking I told her that I did want the kitten.When we first brought him home, Jack stayed mostly in my room. After about a day he had noissues running around and climbing on everything. At times he gets lost in the house, he’ll stop. But we just call his name and talk to him and it isn’t long before he finds his way back to us.A few weeks after getting Jack, we got a new cat named Bear. Jack and Bear have become best friends. It doesn’t matter that he can’t see. He always knows when Bear is around. He’ll run across the yard straight to Bear and wrap his front legs around his neck in a big hug. They run after each other around and wrestle (摔跤). They’ll lie down in the grass together when tired.Jack is truly an inspiration. I’ve owned lots of kittens in my life, but Jack is the happiest and most playful. He doesn’t feel sorry for himself. He doesn’t need pity. I think Jean, owner of Gumbo, another eyeless cat, said it best when she told me that cats don’t have disabilities; they have adaptability.12. Why did Jack come to the author’s home?A. The author cared for an eyeless cat.B. The author didn’t mind whether he was blind.C. No other young cats kept him company.D. The author’s friend begged the author to take him home.13. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Jack often wrestles with Bear indoors.B. Jack likes to play with a new eyeless cat.C. Jack quickly adapts to the new environment.D. Jack is good at talking and playing with people.14. What does the underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Trouble.B. Fun.C. Luck.D. Business.15. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. A cat has nine lives.B. All is well that ends well.C. God helps those who help themselves.D. A good beginning makes a good ending.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFor some people, there’s no better companion than mans best friend-a dog. This four-legged pet can bring comfort and joy and provide much- needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.However, as demand for a new dog increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for $3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling (走私) or dog theft. An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites--something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard tocome to terms withlife in a new home.Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Lan Alkin manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK, notes: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says, “The economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look aftera dog.” The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.1. The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except ________.A. illegal trade of dogsB. less dog farmingC. high prices of dogsD. online sale of dogs2. What does the underlined phrase"come to terms with"in paragraph 4 mean?A. Fit in withB. Go in forC. Make up for.D. End up with3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Despite the problems, dogs are living happily.B. The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.C. Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.D. The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.BTen years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in various experiments.In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.4. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?A. To discover what luck means to people.B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.D. To figure out why people are always lucky or unlucky.5. Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?A. There was too much information to be read in detail.B. They were too focused on looking for photographs.C. It took too much time to go through newspapers.D. The words were too small to be noticed.6. What leads to lucky people’s good fortune?A. Their ability to spot opportunities.B. Their ability to become relaxed.C. Their ability to communicate.D. Their ability to make friends.7. What’s the key message of the last paragraph?A. What lucky people are looking for.B. How lucky people generate good luck.C. What lucky people can do with opportunities.D How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.CAbout 12 years ago, Sandy Cambron noticed her mother, Pearl Walker, had become quiet after she moved into a nursing home for patients of Alzheimer's disease inKentucky.“We tried everything — photos, old stories — but nothing worked,” she said. “It was really hard for everyone to see how she had changed.” Then one day whileSandywas in a toy store, she had an idea: Why not givePearla baby doll so she could feel as if she were caring for something again? And why not give one to all the other care center seniors?As soon asSandygavePearlthe doll, her mother's face lit up. “She started talking again and she never went anywhere without that baby,”Sandysaid. “She took 'baby' to the dining room with her and slept with her in her arms every night. When she passed away a year later, we even buried her with that well-loved baby doll.”In the following 10 years, Sandy and her husband, Wayne Cambron, continued to buy dolls and hand them out to the elderly of care centers near their home every New Year. Now Pearl's Memory Babies is anonprofit (非营利) organization that has contributed more than 300 dolls to old people with Alzheimer's disease at nursing homes since February 2018.Last year,Sandyposted New Year’s photos on Facebook, all of which are about seniors reacting to dolls thatshe and Wayne sent to a local nursing home. The post was shared more than 210,000 times overnight. People gave almost $15,000 online. That helped the group buy many dolls.“The dolls offer treatment and comfort,” said Elise Hinchman, who works at a care center inKentucky, "Some seniors cry when they get a doll. And they always rock and talk to their dolls. People with Alzheimer might lose their memories, but they don't lose their ability to love.”8. How did Pearl change after she moved to a nursing home?A. She hardly talked.B. She lost hope in life.C. She felt bored.D. She forgot everything.9. How didPearlreact after receiving the doll?A. She began to cry.B. She was very delighted.C. She played it with a baby.D. She was unconcerned about it.10. What's paragraph 5 mainly about?A. What Sandy did for her mother.B. People's reaction toSandy's post.C. The rising needs for baby dolls.D. HowSandybecame a celebrity.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Good News for Alzheimer's PatientsB. How to Remove Alzheimer's DiseaseC. Baby Dolls Cheer up Alzheimer's PatientsD. Daughter Helps Mother Recover MemoryDGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to sharea photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.12. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.13. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.14. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.15. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案
2020届上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BTo hear people talk about Internet friendships, you would think it was one giant web of cat-fishing and e-crime. While we all undoubtedly have to take measures to remain safe online, assuming every friendship or connection made on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook is cheating or insincere would be a mistake.As a woman who works in the creative industry, I have found real joy in seeking out a community I couldn’t find elsewhere, and making some great friends along the way. My first online friendship was on Twitter with my(now) best friend, during the university exam period. We exchanged study notes in dozens of direct messages, set a study date, and haven’t looked back since.Drawn to each other by similar circumstances, friendships online are similar to offline in that they tend to begin because of shared interest or common ground-maybe they’ve read the post on Instagram. Maybe they have the same taste in food or politics. Or maybe they just love memes too. If online friendships start similar to friendships offline, they grow in the same way, too. Often through mutual support: apart from calling a friend to congratulate him on that new job, you also re-tweet his jokes and praise his Instagram story.Despite my positive experiences when I tell people, most are still suspicious. Eyebrows are raised higher when I explain not only have I found a community online but have made friendships with people I meet face-to-face too. Actually, these are just as valid as other friendships, according to behavioural psychologist Jo Hemmings, who says online friendships can be real.So how do you know if people are there for the real you or just because you’re popular on Instagram? Hemmings has simple rules. She tells me “You have to equally feel comfortable that you’re getting something of each other instead of being used to enable something that isn’t friendship.”Therefore, if all a “friend” online is asking you to do is to promote their work or personal brand and rarely takes an interest in you, then there may be room to question the basis of the friendship. On that note it is worth remembering that just because someone has a lot of followers, it doesn’t necessarily mean they have lots of friends.4. What is most people’s attitude towards online friendship?A. Negative.B. Positive.C. Objective.D. Neutral.5. Why does the writer share her own experience in paragraph 2?A. To introduce the background information of the text.B. To convey the writer’s attitude and give the related example.C. To prove the likely risk for people to develop friendship online.D. To remind people of the various benefits of making friends online.6. How can online and offline friendships be deepened?A. They should be based on shared interest.B. They need to have common ground.C. They require support from each other.D. They can’t live without social media.7. According to the author, what’s the golden rule to make friends online?A. A friend to all is a friend to none.B. Without confidence there is no friendship.C. A friend without faults will never be found.D. Friendship cannot stand always on one side.CHidden beneath the surface in the roots of Earths astonishing and diverse plant life, there exists a biological superhighway linking together the members of the plant kingdom in what researchers call the "wood wide web".The network is comprised of thin threads of fungus (真菌) that grow outwards underground up to a few meters from its partnering plant, meaning that all of the plant life within a region likely connected to one another. The partnership is beneficial for both parties involved, plants provide carbohydrates (碳水化合物) to the funguses and in exchange, the funguses aid in gathering water and providing nutrients to its partnering plant.A study conducted by Rensen Zeng of theSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfound that this also allowed for plants to warn one another of potential harm. The study showed Broad Beans used the fungal network to spy on one another for upcoming danger.Like our Internet, this fungal connectivity is also full of crime. Some plants, such as Golden Marigolds have been found to release poisons into the network to slow down the growth of surrounding plants in the fight for water and light. Other plants, such as the Phantom Orchid, do not have the chlorophyll (叶绿素) and must get the necessary nutrients from surrounding plants.Research suggests that animals such as insects and worms may be able to detect slight exchanges of nutrients through the network, allowing them to more easily find delicious roots to feed on; however, this has not been conclusively made clear in experimentation. The more we learn about this phenomenon, the more our understanding of the plant life of our planet will continue to change. Perhaps one day, we may be able to map out these complex networks entirely.8. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To explain the aim of the web.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To give definition of diverse life.D. To show the importance of plants.9. The criminal behavior of plants can be seen as a way to________.A. compete for survivalB. gather more waterC. take in sunlightD. break natural rules10. What does the last paragraph suggest?A. Animals can also feed on the fungus.B. Nutrient exchanges are too slight to detect.C. No experiment can prove the phenomenon.D. More needs to be done to work out the network.11. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The Partnership between PlantsB. The Unknown Roots of the EarthC. The Superhighway Linking the PlantsD. The Mysterious Map Changing the WorldDPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!12. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.13. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.14. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.15. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConservation Volunteering in New ZealandWhether you are a student, professional or a retiree (退休者), anyone is welcome to make a difference and contribute to protecting some of the most beautiful islands in the world. Choose a suitable city and travelout to your conservation (保护) site to work with local people!Duration: 1-12 weeks Dates: Throughout the yearArrival day: Friday Return day: FridayRequirement: General level of fitness Age: 18+What will I be doing?Volunteer in New Zealand and enjoy conserving the environment through activities such as:·Tree planting·Walking trail construction·Protect native birds, insects, fish and penguins·Seed collection·Weed controlYou, and a group of up to 10 volunteers, will work under the guidance of a conservation team leader. Your team leader will give you regular safety instructions, inform you of the project aims and assist you with working effectively.No previous experience is necessary to join the project. All you need is a love of the environment and a fairly good level of fitness to help out!1.Who can sign up for this conservation volunteering project?A.A retired maths teacher.B.A primary school student.C.A scientist with heart disease.D.A businessman in a wheelchair.2.What can you do on the volunteer trip?A.Protect cultural sites and go shopping.B.Enjoy local sightseeing and go fishing.C.Protect weeds and build roads.D.Collect seeds and plant trees.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A history book.B.A travel magazine.C.A research paper.D.A novel.BBritish sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums. Over the years, the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide. On February 1, 2021, Taylor launched his latest work — The Underwater Museum of Cannes.―The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―Ocean ecology has been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades, and it is not obvious what is taking place when observing the sea from afar.‖The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages. They range from Maurice, an 80-year-old fisherman, to Anouk, a 9-year-old student. Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with old boat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removing the trash, Taylor also restored the area’s sea grass. Just one square meter of the sea grass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The sea grass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.―The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.4. Why does the outer part ofthe sculptures look like a mask?A. To popularize the features of the locals.B. To remind people to protect themselves.C. To reflect people’s protection of the ocean.D. To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.5. What’s paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How the project was started.B. How the sea grass was restored.C. What recovery effort the project made.D. Why the surroundings were improved.6. What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?A. The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.B. The destruction caused to the ocean is noticeable.C. Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.D. People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.7. What might be the best title for the text?A. The Underwater Museum, a long way to go.B. The Underwater Museum, a big difference to the sea.C. The Underwater Museum, an appeal to conserve ecosystems.D. The Underwater Museum, a masterpiece of Jason Taylor.CAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living forthat future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.8. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.9. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to10. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.11. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.DBrown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms（蚕）do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce pre-dyed silk-silk that comes color1 ed, straight from the source-the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry（桑树）leaves that had been sprayed（喷洒）with fabric（织物）dyes（染色剂）. Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pink-dyed hair.And yes, the worms themselves take on some color1 before they produce silk. Their color1 ful diets did notaffect their growth, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didn't look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms' health. After all, silkworms die when people harvest their silk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because color1 ing fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those water-washing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if it's commercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms' bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms' silk at all. Others color1 ed the worms and their silk but the color1 disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named "direct acid fast red", showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there, it was a pleasant, light pink.12. The text is most probably a(n) ________.A. science reportB. tourist guideC. animal experimentD. fashion advertisement13. Silkworms can produce pink silk because ________.A. they are born pinkB. they are dyed pinkC. they grow in pink waterD. they are fed dyed food14. Where is the experiment carried out?A. In America.B. In India.C. In Israel.D. In China.15. How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?A. One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Seven.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析
2021年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOver the years, I’ve been guilty of hastily shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling things. But earlier this year, around Easter time, a dear friend of mine had an experience that changed my mind and perception towards these “intruders”.Linda, who recently moved to a new neighbour hood, had been housebound all week suffering from a severe case of flu when, early one morning, there was the terrible knock on her front door. Peering out the window, she saw two young ladies demurely (端庄地) holding leaflets and a TV set model. She knew of a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be gently delivered. “This is the last thing I need today,” she muttered to herself and hesitantly opened the door.Coughing, she poked her head out and impatiently informed them she wasn’t the slightest bit interested in any TV whatsoever. Furthermore, she added, she was feeling quite unwell and abruptly shut the door. The ladies politely turned and left in silence.A few hours later, another knock. Linda glanced out the window and to her surprise, there were the same two ladies, back again. Really annoyed this time, she opened the door ready togive them a piece of her mind. Before she could speak, with concerned looks on their faces, these women handed Linda what looked to be a dish, saying, “We’re so sorry we disturbed you earlier. We thought you may like this homemade chicken soup. Hopefully it might make you feel a little better.”Linda was taken aback by this lovely gesture. Being new to the area, she didn’t know many neighbours or people who could assist her with shopping or errands (跑腿) so the gesture was all the more appreciated. She could only smile sheepishly and sincerely thanked them. With that, the ladies left.After she related this story to me, I thought about how touching this deed really was. Especially in today’s world where sadly, kindness and thoughtfulness seem so rare. I also realized that thinking about others and showing kindness is the real essence of love.1. What does the expression “give them a piece of her mind”in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Scold them severely.B. Drive them away.C. Refuse them directly.D. Speak out her idea.2. What can be learned about Linda from the passage?A. Linda always hastily shut the front door to many people.B. Linda was not a little interested in any TV whatsoever.C. Linda was very grateful to the ladies for their chicken soup.D. Linda would buy their TV set in reward for the ladies’ chicken soup.3. What’s the best title for the passage?A. A Chicken SoupB. Soup for the soulC. The Real Essence of LoveD. A Friend’s experienceBA man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles. He's making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesia's rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old. He is an Indonesian. Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands. There are over 16, 000 islands there，and most of them are covered with rainforests. But on Java, where Mr. Bastoni lives, far more forests have been cleared.Mr. Bastoni believes it's important to protect forests from being cut down, and to restore (恢复) them when they have been destroyed. Near his home, Mount Wilis is now being restored, but Mr. Bastoni wants to make the protection continue. That's how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards? Mr. Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past. Walking backwards is a good way to get attention. Right now, Mr. Bastoni's backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr. Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him, above his head. This allows Mr. Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards. Besides, Mr. Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food. He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way. He has been sleeping at police stations, security posts, and even strangers homes during the trip. His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day. In early August he was in Sragen -- about 100 miles from his home. It's not clear whether Mr. Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.4. What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia?A. Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B. The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C. The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.5. Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose of fighting climate change.B. With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C. With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D. With deep love for traditional sports.6. What's the function of the large mirror?A. To make sure of Mr. Bastoni's safety.B. To show Mr. Bastoni's position correctly.C. To allow Mr. Bastoni to look forwards easily.D. To help Mr. Bastoni enjoy views on the road.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B. The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C. A trip to recall history and attract attention.D. A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.CCigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out,an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.“I was ly surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.”To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends weresealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful orpotentially so.After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days ata time, especially in the heat.8. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?A They contain little nicotine.B. They produce no nicotine five days later.C. They give off nicotine for days.D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.9. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?A. First-hand smoking does most harm.B. The findings are within his expectation.C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.10. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?A. Unclear.B. Disapproving.C. Unconcerned.D. Puzzled.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful ChemicalsB. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being SmokedC. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ HarmD. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the HeatDWhen almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）?These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter（29%）rely only on their smartphones according to a survey（调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a thirdconcedethatit’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlinesnow and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who iscalling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobilephones?A. Their target users.B. Their wide popularity.C. Their major functions.D. Their complex design.13. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit.B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.14. What can we say about Baby Boomers?A. They like smartphone games.B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.C. They keep using landline phones.D. They are attached to their family.15. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.B. Itwill fall out of use some day.C. It may increase daily expenses.D. It is as important as the gas light.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案
2020年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADesign a science holiday to win a science holidayIs there a scientific holiday,tour,vacation or experience in your list that you dream of making a reality? We might just be able to help with that! We are the crowd sourcing thoughts and suggestions onnew tours,and the winner will receive two free places on their tour when it's launched.Starting entries 1st May 2020Deadline 31st August 2020ENTER NOW---Write a brief description of your ideal science holiday,tour,vacation or experience.---No matter how big or small,we are looking for brilliant, unique thoughts.It can be a complex multi-location overseas holiday tour,a weekend away deep-diving,or a simple walking tour(and everything in between).---Our current tours are mainly individual-focused but we would love to hear ideas for families and schools.---Creations that have environmentally friendly themes and a low carbon impact are also welcome.---Your entry can be as simple as a great title but writing more specifies will improve the possibility of walking off with the prize.---The competition doesn't close by September,2020,so plenty of time to brainstorm your entry.---We will launch the best idea in late 2020 or at the beginning of 2021. The winner will receive the award once the result is published.If you want to submit more than 3,999 words,include photos/maps with your entry, or submit multiple entries then send it to tours @ . The competition guidelines and other related information are available at .1. When will the winner probably be announced?A. In August,2020.B. In September,2020.C. In January,2021.D. In May,2021.2. What kind of entries might be more likely to win?A. Those producing a low carbon impact.B. Those with a long and unique title.C. Those providing detailed information.D. Those for individual-focused tours.3. What is the purpose of this text?A. To give guidance on a competition.B. To advertise a science holiday.C. To inspire creativity in teenagers.D. To collect the ideas for tours.BNowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hopingto perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.4. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?A. The cost of the operation is extremely high.B. Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.C. A good many problems and side effects may arise.D. This procedure has only been successful on animals5. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others.B. Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity.C. Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.D. Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.6. What is the writers’ attitude towards brain transplants an humans?A. indifferentB. favorableC. disapprovingD. objective7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To encourage brain donation.B. To stress the importance of brain operation.C. Toargue against brain transplants on humans.D. To introduce the technology of brain transplants.CAs a basic food in the Asian diet，soybeans（大豆）have been used to make tofu and soy milk for hundreds of years．But now，they are also being turned into an alternative to plastic wrap．William Chen，a professor of foodscience and technology at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University，invented the environmentally﹣friendly food wrap．It's made of cellulose（纤维素），a form of fiber，obtained from the waste generated by soy bean product producers．The beans are pressed tosqueeze out juice that's used to make tofu and soy milk．And what's left is usually thrown away，but Chen takes the waste and puts it through a fermentation（发酵）process，during which cellulose is produced．Cellulose﹣based plastic wraps have been on the market for a few years，but Chen says that most are made from wood or corn，grown for that purpose．By contrast，his wrap is made from a waste product，which doesn't compete with other crops for land and is more sustainable．Chen's technology could help to solve two problems at once：cutting plastic production and reducing the amount of food waste．"In Singapore，the amount of food waste generated every year could fill up 15，000 Olympic﹣sized swimming pools，" Chen says．F&N，a soy﹣based drinks producer，has partnered with Chen's lab and provides the product，straight fromthe factory．The company is conducting a study to assess whether the food wrap could complete commercially with conventional products．Chen adds，"The soy﹣based wrap costs almost nothing to makein the lab because the raw materials are free．Commercial production would involve additional expenses，such as storage and quality control，however，we have not calculated those costs yet．"Chen hopes neighboring soy﹣loving countries will be inspired bySingapore to adopt his innovation．"My dream is that our technology，which is cheap and simple，will cut plastic and food waste and create a cleaner environment，" Chen says．8. What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The introduction to William Chen．B. The process of producing soy milk．C. The way to make soy﹣based wrap．D. The benefit of eating soy products．9. What's the biggest difference of Chen's wrap from other cellulose﹣based plastic wraps？A. It saves land for industry．B. It's more easilybroken down．C. It is made from the food waste．D. It has been put into practice for many years．10. What will commercial production of the food wrap cause？A. A lack of competitiveness．B. Poor quality of the wraps．C. A shortage of raw material．D. An increase in production costs．11. From which is the text probably taken？A. A personal diary．B. A travel guide．C. A book review．D. A scientific magazine．DTourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us. Not all travel experiences, however, need to take place in the real world. With the evolution of virtual reality(VR)technology, tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds. VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.But can a VR experience really equal a real world one? Many experts believe it can. Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VR-like mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences. Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future. This is known as" mind wandering". During these events we' re not paying attention to the current world around us. Instead, we' re recalling memories, or creating and processing imagined futures.When engaged in mind wandering, our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world. So, the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life. VR can create these same feelings.While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality, there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution. Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from over-tourism. In recent years famous sites such as Maya Bay in Thailand, and Cambodia's Angkor Wat Temples have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact. These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.Virtual reality may also allow people back in time, to experience historical events, visit ancient cities, and even to walk among dinosaurs.Finally, in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork, virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries, without ever leaving their homes.It sounds like science fiction but it's already happening. As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences, expect more virtual tourism, both in combination with the real world and instead of it.12. What is driving the development of virtual tourism?A. Companies seeking to make more money.B. Improvements in virtual reality technology.C. People's demand for more shared experiences.D. People's deeper understanding of the physical world.13. Which of the following best describes "mind wandering"?A. The brain processes which help people think VR is real.B. The way the brain processes inputs from the real world.C. Brain activities focusing on past or future events.D. Experiences coming from a person's imagination.14. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Science fiction.B. Virtual technology.C. Virtual tourism.D. The real world.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To describe the advantages of VR tourism.B. To give suggestions for reducing over-tourism.C. To encourage people to develop VR technology.D. To argue VR tourism will replace the real world travel.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年上海南汇区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年上海南汇区第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BThe early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes,and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece ofplastic (塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells (壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.4. Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?A. They dislike sunshine.B. They prefer lower temperatures.C. They can find food easily then.D. They need to avoid enemies.5. What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?A. Pitiful.B. Careless.C. Interesting.D. Courageous.6. What can we learn about sea turtles?A. They mainly feed on fish and meat.B. They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.C. They can live for around forty years.D. They visit their beach homes several times a year.7. What is the text mainly about?A. The homes of green sea turtles.B. How sea turtles find their food.C. The dangers faced by sea turtles.D. How young turtles become adults.CPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!8. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.9. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.10. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.11. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.DAs I work in theLarkwhistle Garden in Dyer's Bay, Ontario, I take my time and the garden is teaching me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many variables(变量)that affect them both.The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how the plants will grow. The weather can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right, and usually varies between all three. Weeds seem to grow in the garden and need to be taken care of, pulled, and removed to ensure they do not eat into the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have so lovingly planted.I take time to stand back and rest, and to observe the plants and how they are growing. Each plant is unique and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to shadow their fruit from the severe rays of the sun, while other plants are more open, their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my forehead, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig, bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting on the couch.It is attractive to move things around, to transplant, and to disturb the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden's life cycle follows a pattern that is repeated according to laws of nature, birth, growth, and then dies and it teaches us to accept this fact.12. How many variables may affect the growth of plants in the garden?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.13. What can we learn about the author?A. He feels exhausted while gardening.B. He enjoys life from working practice.C. He takes pleasure in harvesting fruits.D. He dreams away his time in the garden.14. How is the garden tended by the author?A. Its rank grass is got rid of.B. Its plants are left to grow freely.C. Its temperature is controlled properly.D. Its plants with large broad leaves are cut off.15. What fact does the author learn from gardening?A. Life takes its course.B. Hard work benefits health.C. Time is short and precious.D. Gardening brings good harvest.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海南汇区第一中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海南汇区第一中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-nameregistration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance and supervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BA smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony inBeijing. Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。
2020届上海南汇第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案
2020届上海南汇第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConservation Volunteering in New ZealandWhether you are a student, professional or a retiree (退休者), anyone is welcome to make a difference and contribute to protecting some of the most beautiful islands in the world. Choose a suitable city and travelout to your conservation (保护) site to work with local people!Duration: 1-12 weeks Dates: Throughout the yearArrival day: Friday Return day: FridayRequirement: General level of fitness Age: 18+What will I be doing?Volunteer in New Zealand and enjoy conserving the environment through activities such as:·Tree planting·Walking trail construction·Protect native birds, insects, fish and penguins·Seed collection·Weed controlYou, and a group of up to 10 volunteers, will work under the guidance of a conservation team leader. Your team leader will give you regular safety instructions, inform you of the project aims and assist you with working effectively.No previous experience is necessary to join the project. All you need is a love of the environment and a fairly good level of fitness to help out!1.Who can sign up for this conservation volunteering project?A.A retired maths teacher.B.A primary school student.C.A scientist with heart disease.D.A businessman in a wheelchair.2.What can you do on the volunteer trip?A.Protect cultural sites and go shopping.B.Enjoy local sightseeing and go fishing.C.Protect weeds and build roads.D.Collect seeds and plant trees.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A history book.B.A travel magazine.C.A research paper.D.A novel.BHave you ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to5℃on these hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer. While there are many alternatives that manage to keep the body warm, this amazing invention aims to offer real relief for those who are eager to feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on extremely hot days.Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, look a completely innovative approach. They designed a special textile dial can absorb body heat and re-emit its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation (MIR). This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique that is known as radiative cooling, Science reveals. This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a regular shirt, you are actually wearing a device that works like a mirror.Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3℃, but this previous trial was limited. So researchers still need to test the new approach to determine how effectively the new fabric cools while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their trials. They also need to examine and measure how well it works when T-shirts are not in close contact with the skin.Inventors Yaoguang and Guangming are now looking out for textile manufacturers and clothing brands that are interested in using their fabric. They estimate that the new material will increase clothing manufacturing costs by just 10 percent. “We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as theirs,” old Yaoguang said.So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures, be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be corning to an end!4. What is the purpose of the new invention?A. To warm up people's body.B. To cool people off in hot weather.C. To detect the wearers' temperature.D. To protect clothes from becoming wet.5. How does the special product work?A. By turning sunlight into energy.B. By sending out absorbed heat.C. By keeping heat out completely.D. By using light color1 s to reflect sunlight.6. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?A. The invention needs further testing.B. The previous studies lack evidence.C. The new fabric has a good cooling effect.D. The new fabric applies to various situations.7. The invention of the T-shirt may hean example of ________.A. barking up the wrong treeB. robbing Peter to pay PaulC. killing two birds with one stoneD. pulling the cart before the horseCI’ve been putting my passport to good use lately. I use it asa coaster and to level unsteady table legs. It makes an excellent cat toy.Welcome to the pandemic (疫情) of disappointments. Canceled trips or ones never planned in case they would be canceled. Family reunions, study-abroad years, lazy beach vacations. Poof. Gone. Ruined by a tiny virus, the list of countries where our passports are not welcome is long.It is not natural for us to be this sedentary (定居的). Travel is in our genes. For most of the time our species has existed, we've lived as nomadic (游牧的) hunter-gatherers. But what if we can't move? What's a traveler to do? There are ways to answer that question. "Despair," though, is not one of them.We are an adaptive species. We can tolerate brief periods of forced sedentariness. We pass the days glancing through old travel journals and Instagram posts. We gaze at souvenirs. All this helps. For a while. Then, what hope do we have?I think hope lies in the very nature of travel. Travel involves wishful thinking. It demands a leap of faith, and of imagination, to board a plane for some faraway, land. Travel is one of the few activities we engage in not knowing the outcome and are drunk in that uncertainty. Nothing is more forgettable than the trip that goes exactly as planned.That's one reason why I have faith in travel's future. In fact, I'd argue travel is an essential activity. It's not essential the way hospitals and grocery stores are essential. Travel is essential the way books and hugs are essential. Food for the soul. Right now, we're between courses, enjoying where we've been, expecting where we'll go. Maybe it'sZanzibarand maybe it's the campground down the road that you've always wanted to visit.8. From the first paragraph we learn that the author is _______ .A. desperateB. humorousC. boredD. worried9. From the author's perspective, what's the point of travel?A. To feel hopeful.B. To make a wish.C. To take adventures.D. To broaden horizons.10. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By showing evidences.B. By providing examples.C. By making comparisons.D. By interpreting opinions.11. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Where to go for a trip.B. Why people need to travel.C. How to fight the pandemic.D. What people should do at home.DAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even moretime to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.12. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.13. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.14. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.15. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市南汇中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBWe use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people'strust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.4. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To make comparisons.C. To provide an example.D. To support his argument.5. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?A. It failed to complete the task.B. It followed the etiquette rules.C. It made a random decision.D. It communicated with the researchers.6. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A. It was creative but worthless.B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Robot Taught To Be PoliteB. Robot Can Explain Its DecisionC. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A DreamD. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A ProblemCAs every mobile-phone owner knows, after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently.That is troublesome, but a phone’s batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply — or the whole device traded in for the latest model. An electric car, though, is a much bigger investment. And batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average mid-size vehicle.To provide buyers with some peace of mind, carmakers guarantee their batteries, typically for eight years or around 200,000km. Producers, planning to go much further than that, though, are racing to launch “million mile”(1.6m kilometers) batteries. Contemporary Amperex Technology, a giant Chinese firm which produces batteries fora number of carmakers, was said to be ready to start producing batteries which would last for 16 years or 2mkilometres. Elon Musk has suggested that Tesla,a Californian maker of electric vehicles, has a million-mile battery in the works. And over in Detroit,General Motors is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity (寿命)。
上海市南汇中学-度第一学期高三英语期中考试卷
上海市南汇中学2006-2007学年度第一学期高三英语期中考试卷命题人施炜毅审题人周惠英第I卷（共105分）I Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $87 B. $65 C. 462 D. $472. A. In a restaurant B. In a department storeC. In a supermarketD. In a school building3. A. The black one B. Both of themC. The brown oneD. The white one4, A. Passenger and policeman B. Teacher and StudentC. Father and buyerD. Doctor and patient5. A. The one for $3.00 B. NeitherC. BothD. The one for $4.956. A. Eight B. Two C. Four D. Six7. A. 8:50 B. 7:30 C. 8:00 D. 8:158. A. He is not prepared. B. He is well prepared.C. He is almost ready.D. He will soon start.9. A. Next stop is New York.B. He wants to go to New York.C. He wants to know what time the train gets to New York.D. He wants to know what time the train gets to Philadelphia.10. A. The 3rd floor sells women’s dresses.B. The 3rd floor also sells men’s clothes.C. The 3rd floor may have smaller sizes.D. The 3rd floor sells underwears.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is a world that moves round our sun.B.It is a world that has light of its own.C. It is a world that moves round a star.D. It is a world that is not too far for us to see.12. A. Because sometimes we have seen them.B. Because the planets give out light.C. Because we have seen some planets pull their stars to one side while they go round.D. because the planets are not far away from us.13. A. Barnard’s Star moves more quickly than most stars.B. Barnard’s Star moves more quickly than any other star up to now.C. Barnard’s Star moves more quickly than its planet.D. Barnard’s Star moves more quickly than the planets round the sun.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Next parking space in cities. B. Outside the center of town.C. Far from main roads.D. Near train lines.15. A. $3 to $5 B. $10 to $13C. $10 to $15D. $10 to $5016. A. Have their own cars. B. Prepare meals by themselves.C. Go there by bus or trainD. Make reservation in advance.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to till in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.II. Grammar and VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basicword formation.A. /B. theC. aD. one26. Every change of season, and every change of weather _________ some changes in thewonderful colors and shape of these mountains.A. makeB. makesC. are madeD. is made27. The letter lay __________ on his desk for a couple of days.A. openingB. openedC. openD. openly28. -- __________ you please write a 3000-word report about this subject for us?-- Perhaps I _________ only write a 500-word report, but I am even not sure of it.A. Could, mightB. Would, mightC. Might, couldD. Would, could29. Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we’ve decided to stay for __________ two weeks.A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. other’s30. The question of __________ first saw the continent of America is still unsettled.A. whoeverB. whoC. whatD. which31. The science of medicine, __________ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the mostimportant of all the science..A. to whichB. in whichC. by whichD. with which32. It was a long time __________ the president managed to save his firm from near bankruptcy.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. before33. ________ knocked down worried his friends.A. Jim isB. Jim’s beingC. Jim wasD. Jim being34. The new law will come into effect __________ no children under 18 will be allowed to buyeither wine or cigarettes.A. whetherB. becauseC. thatD. when35. She hasn’t woken up. She __________ for more than ten hours.A. was sleepingB. has sleptC. is sleepingD. has been sleeping36. I thought it a pity __________ him to the welcoming party.A. not invitedB. not to have invitedC. being not invitedD. not to have been invited37. The patient will have to wait all day __________ the doctor works faster.A. ifB. whetherC. unlessD. that38. She insisted that she __________ ill of him behind him, but he didn’t believe.A. hadn’t spokenB. shouldn’t speakC. wouldn’t speakD. not speak39. The work __________, they went out to enjoy themselves.A. was done D. did C. had been done D. done 40．Mum __________ me that everything would be all right.A. insuredB. ensuredC. assuredD. was sure41. You’d better __________ some money for special use.A. pick upB. set asideC. put offD. give away42. In Nazi-occupied Poland, the Jews were __________ of the basic rights for living.A. decreasedB. deprivedC. reducedD. delivered43. The job of nursing __________ great love and patience which are quite important for the sickpeople.A. calls onB. calls offC. calls forD. calls in44. He felt __________ when he heard his students has done quite well in the exam.A. releasedB. relievedC. reflectedD. replacedIII. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)The first film-show was in Paris on December 20th, 1895. it lasted twenty minutes and the audience paid one franc per person. Just 20 years later, the cinema had become an industry. Its 45 was Hollywood. For the next thirty years, millions of people all over the world went to the movies every week. Then, after World War Two, 46 began to change. First, television became popular. 47 video appeared. Today, most people only go to the movies two or three times a year. But the cinema isn’t dying—it’s 48 . The audience for mew films is changing, too. Now, most movie fans are under 20. That’s why there are so many films for the 49 market.The idea of teen movies began in the 50s. That’s 50 James Dean had enormous success with “Rebel Without A Cause” and “East Of Eden”. Ten years later, 51 began to appear in films. The Beatles made several in the 60s. Everyone’s favourite spy(间谍), James Bond, also began his 52 career in the 60s.Then in the 70s, two different kinds of movie became popular with young audiences—horror films and martial arts films(功夫), 53 , violence , or “action”as it is more commonly 54 , has played an important part in many teen movies. But teenagers don’t just want to watch violence. Comedies are popular with young audiences as well.Finally, of course, we mustn’t forget the pop star actors. They’ve always been popular with young audiences.45. A. capital B. factory C. product base D.cinema centre46. A. taste B. that C. movie D. everything47. A. Then B. Second C. Later D. Finally48. A. disappearing B. changing C. reducing D. increasing49. A. adult B. children C. teenage D. elder50. A. what B. where C. how D. when51. A. pop stars B. movie stars C. sport stars D. TV stars52. A. business B. screen C. detective D. political53. A. Before that B. Long after C. Ever since D. Never before54. A. declared B. made C. used D. called(B)Many problems and frustrations (挫折), from anger to stress, have become part of the American way of life. They may result from inadequate sleep and widespread sleep problems according to a study 55 April 2 by the National Sleep foundation (NSF).The study results show that while many Americans enjoy the 56 of sufficient sleep, as many as 47 million adults may be putting themselves 57 injury, and health and behaviour problems because they aren’t meeting their 58 sleep need in order to be fullyalert (清醒) the next day. Such people are more likely to get 59 in traffic jams, quarrel with other people, or overeat, according to the 60 .“The study provides new evidence that the quality and quantity of our sleep plays a significant role in our daily lives. In sum, the study results point a new and unique 61 of Americans that shows ‘you are 62 you sleep.’”The researchers noted, “Some of the problems we face may be linked to lack of sleep or poor sleep.”The study 63 how people described their general moods and attitudes on a typical day with their answers to a number of questions about their sleep. The conclusions suggest a direct link between more sleep and heightened daytime alertness with 64 feelings that include a sense of peace, satisfaction with life, and being full of energy. Shorter sleep periods and daytime sleepiness were related to negative moods such as anger, stress, pessimism (悲观), and tiredness.55. A. responded B. released C. dismissed D. delivered56. A. benefits B. disadvantages C. energy D. passion57. A. away from B. out of C. beyond D. at risk of58. A. urgent B. maximum C. minimum D. private59. A. angry B. happy C. sleepy D. involved60. A. book B. news C. findings D. theory61. A. map B. picture C. figure D. pattern62. A. how B. what C. when D. where63. A. compared B. controlled C. contrasted D. conducted64. A. such B. amazing C. negative D. positiveIV. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Company: Cybercoders Location: US-MA-BostonBase Pay: $50,000,00-80,000,00 Employee Type: Full-time EmployeeJob Type: Sales Manager Sex: BothWould you like to work for America’s leading specialist?Are you an experienced Sales Manger within the Travel & Tourism Industry?READ ON!Company:We are a nationally growing provider of packages tour and services to the tourism industry. Our service allows visitors unlimited admission to top city attraction and tours and also includes discounts on shopping and dining.Position:We are currently seeking Travel/ tourism Sales Mangers in the Boston area.What we need you to do:Develop and mange sales efforts to meet sales aim.To be responsible for relationships with the travel industry channels, including all local and national sales channels and international channel.Requirements:5+ years at local or national scales level in the US travel industrygood sales/ organization abilityfamiliar with sales channels on different levelsAre you a fit for this position?If you are, please click the link below and apply directly on line:/q.aspx?jumpOur privacy policy: Your resume and information will be kept completely secret.Looking forward to receiving your resume and going over the position in more detail with you!Thank you!65. __________ is likely to be employed by the company.A. Someone who lives in Washington.B. Someone who has just graduated from University.C. Someone who has six years of sales experience in the field.D. Someone who is seeking a part-time job.66. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?A. That the company is in the tourism industry.B. That the company is looking for someone familiar with the industry channels.C. That experience in the field of work is important to the job.D. That only men can apply for the job.67. This passage is mostly likely to appear in __________.A. Newspaper Advertisement PageB. Fashion MagazineC. Internet PageD. Notice Board(B)According to a published poll (民意调查), blacks and whites both think that crime and the breakdown of the family are two of America’s biggest problems, but disagree when it comes to recognizing causes and solutions.While 53 percent of blacks through that financial pressure on families was the main cause of society’s life, 58 percent of white blamed moral decline. Only 30 percent of whites blamed the nation’s problems on finances; and only 32 percent of blacks blamed moral decline.Asked which institution –government, business, community groups or individuals –bears the greatest responsibility for creating jobs and strengthening the economy, 67 percent of blacks cited the government, compared with 41 percent of whites.While 68 percent of blacks called for a greater emphasis on government spending on education and training programmes, just 36 percent of whites thought that those were the right areas for emphasis.50 percent of whites blamed problems within the black community on the community itself, while only 32 percent of blacks did so.There was an even greater split on whether the country needs to go further in giving legalright to blacks; 62 percent of blacks agreed, compared with only 12 percent of whites.The two sides came closer on another issue 65 percent whites and 70 percent of blacks agreed that there has been some or a lot of progress in solving racial problems in the past decade.68. What do both blacks and whites think are the two greatest problems in the US?A. Drugs and crimesB. Family breakdown and crimeC. Violence and sexualityD. Poverty and violence69. ___________ of blacks think that racial problems remain the same as they were ten years ago.A. 30%B. 35%C. 65%D. 70%70. Blacks and whites split most greatly on whether ___________.A. moral decline is the main cause of society’s ills.B. more legal rights should be given to blacks.C. greater emphasis should be laid on educationD. government should take measures against unemployment71. Blacks and whites came closer on the _________.A. problems of educationB. governments’ responsibility for creating jobs and developing the economy.’C. influence of financial pressure on crime and family breakdown.D. progress in improving the social status of blacks.(C)There are two main things that make aircraft engineering difficult; the need to make every component as reliable as possible and the need to build everything as light as possible. The fact that an aeroplane is up in the air and cannot stop if anything goes wrong, makes it perhaps a matter of life or death that its performance is absolutely dependable.Given a certain power of engine, and consequently a certain fuel consumption, there is a practical limit to the total weight of aircraft that can be made to fly. Out of that weight as much as possible is wanted for fuel, radio navigational instruments, passenger seats, or freight room, and, of course, the passengers or freight themselves. So the structure of the aircraft has to be as small and light as safety and efficiency will allow. The designer must calculate the normal load that each part will b ear. This specialist is called the ‘stress man’. He takes account of any unusual stress that may be put on the part as a precaution against errors in manufacture, acciedental damage, etc.The stress man’s calculations go to the designer of the part, a nd he must make it as strong as the stress man says if necessary. One or two samples are always tested to prove that they are as strong as the designer intended. Each separate part is tested, then a whole assembly, for example, a complete wing, and finally the whole aeroplane. When a new type of aeroplane is being made, normally only one of the first three made will be flown. Two will be destroyed on the ground in structural tests. The third one will be tested in the air.Making the working parts reliable is as difficult as making the structure strong enough. The flying controls, the electrical equipment, the fire precautions, etc. must not only be light in weight, but must work both at high altitudes where the temperature may be below freezing pointTo solve all these problems the aircraft industry has a large number of research workers, with elaborate laboratories and test houses, and new materials to give the best strength in relation to weight are constantly being tested.72. The two main requirements of aircraft design are ______.A. speed and cheapnessB. reliability and passenger comfortC. making things both light and dependableD. ability to stay up in the air and avoid breakdowns73. The maximum possible weight of an aircraft is determined by ______.A. the enigne powerB. the amount of freight roomC. the number of passengersD. international regulations74. The stress man’s j ob is to calculate ______.A. how safe the plane isB. how strong each part must beC. what height the plane will fly atD. the amount of luggage each passenger may carry75. The passage mainly talks about ___________.A. how an aeroplane is made.B. What should be considered when taking aeroplanes.C. the new development in aircraft.D. the main requirements for an areoplane.(D)There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from different ways in which they consider thing, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical (吹毛求疵). It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves publicdisapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad and condescend to (俯就) be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they don’t, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one become mixed up in their quarrel.76. People who are to be unhappy __________.A. always consider things differently from others.B. usually are influenced by the results of certain things.C. can seldom discover the unpleasant part of certain thingsD. usually have a fault-finding habit77. The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” most probably means ___________.A. have a good taste to the pleasure of societyB. aren’t satisfied with the pleasures of societyC. feel happy with the pleasures of societyD. enjoy the pleasures of society78. Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?A. We should pity such unhappy peopleB. Such unhappy people are critical about everythingC. If such unhappy people recognize the bad effects of their habit they may get rid of it.D. Such unhappy people are also not satisfied with themselves.79. If such unhappy persons don’t change their had behaviour, the author’s solution to theproblem is that __________.A. people should avoid contact with themB. people should criticize their misconductC. people should help them recognize the bad effects of the habitD. people should show no respect and politeness to them(E)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.80. __________Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vest amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or majorfires which are initiated by the quake.81. __________There are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.82. __________The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth's surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth's crust and continental drift.83. __________In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake.84. __________Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.第II卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．试着说服他放弃那个计划是没有什么意义的。
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2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区南汇中学高三上英语期中试卷解析II: Grammar and Vocabulary:Section A:Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.For the first time, airline passengers have been blacklisted for uncivilized behavior. Their names (1)____________(remain) on the blacklist for one or two years, according to an announcement by the China Air Transport Association on Saturday. The blacklisting means they will not be able to travel by air (2)____________their names are removed from the list.Blacklisting passengers (3)____________disobey the rules for travelling by air and so place their own interests before everything else, including safety, has long been overdue.There have been frequent reports of passengers (4)____________(make) a scene when their flight was delayed or when they believed that they were not treated (5)____________they should be on a flight.Yet it is natural for some flights (6)____________ (delay) because of reasons such as bad weather or mechanical problems that need to be solved. However, some passengers seem to take (7)____________for granted that their flight must take off at the time (8)____________(state) on their ticket, and they even assume that the members of the cabin crew are simply there to do their bidding(吩咐).They forget that they (9)____________behave themselves in the first place and that respect is reciprocal (互相给与的).Observing rules can never be over-emphasized when it comes to flight safety. No one has the right to disregard the rules for any reason. Of course, airlines should provide quality services to meet the needs of passengers. Yet, (10)____________ ____________passengers are not satisfied with the service provided, there is still no reason for them to flout the rules that are designed for the safety of all.The blacklisting of these three passengers should serve for others to know they have to toe the line (顺从集体).【答案】 1.will remain 2.until 3.who 4.making 5. as6. To be delayed7.it8.stated9.should 10.even if【解析】1.考查谓语动词时态语态。
该句的主语是their names, 括号里动词是remain, 和主语时间是主动关系，且是从现在来看，名字将会存在黑名单上有一到两年时间。
2.考查连词。
该句的意思是黑名单意味着他们将不能乘飞机直到他们的名字从名单中出去，not...until...的用法。
3.考查定语从句。
先行词是人，且在从句中充当主语。
4.考查非谓语动词。
该句中已有谓语动词have been, 现在分词making逻辑主语是passengers,相当于一个后置定语从句who make。
5.考查方式状语从句。
be treated as... “被当做是……”。
6.考查非谓语动词。
因为句子后面是to be solved, 动词不定式的被动可以表示将来的动作被动完成。
7.考查it的用法。
该处it作take后面的形式宾语，take it for granted that...。
8.考查过去分词。
stated在这里相当于后置定语从句which is stated...。
9.考查情态动词。
should在这里表示“应当做……”，因为这里是要求他们行为检点，守规矩。
10.考查让步状语从句。
在这两个空，表示“即使”可以填even if / though。
Section BDirections: Complete the following tow passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Globalization in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are (1)_______ into a single society and function together. This process is a (2)_______ of economic, technological, sociocultural and political forces. Globalization is often used to refer to economic globalization, that is, integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital (3)_______, migration, and the spread of technology.Japan is now at the critical moment of economic globalization,putting itself in a unique position to take advantage of all the positive and (4)_______ principles.As is (5)_______ by the business news media,Japanese companies are contributing to dramatically increase their holdings in foreign assets at an amazing pace.A single issue of The Japan Economic Weekly reveals new tie-ups and manufacturing (6)_______ in Austria,China,Denmark,the United States and Vietnam—not to mention several South American nations as well as other African countries.Both foreign countries and foreign corporations are also playing key roles in the rapid globalization of Japan’s economy.A growing number of important foreign companies are continuing to (7)_______ their investments in Japan and becoming significant shareholders in Japan’s main firms.There is now (8)_______ any Japanese company ofnote that does not have foreign stockholders.Of course,the level and pace of globalization in other countries,especially the United States,China and India,is also rising rapidly but Japan seems to be (9)_______ the pack and its ranking as the second largest economy in the world will soon change.The(10)_______ to a global economy will surely help ensure the future welfare of the country.【答案】1-5 IABJG 6-10 ECDFH【解析】1.首先判断该空为动词，从句意理解来看它可以被描述成一个过程，通过这个过程全世界的人们被______到同一个社会进行运行，根据词性和句意，只能选I.unified 被统一。