高分子化学中英文对照 (1)
涂料专业术语中英文对照
涂料专业术语中英文对照涂料术语中英对照版如下:第一节:成膜物质(Film-forming materials)一、基本名词(Basic term)(1)涂料(Coating)涂于物体表面能形成具有保护、装饰或特殊性能(如绝缘、导电、示温、隐身等)的固态涂膜的一类液体或固体材料之总称。
早期大多以植物油为主要原料,故有“油漆”之称。
现合成树脂已大部或全部取代了植物油,故称为“涂料”。
(2)有机涂料(Organic coating)主要成膜物质由有机物组成的涂料。
(3)无机涂料(Inorganic coating)主要成膜物质由无机物组成的涂料。
(4)转化型涂料(或转变型涂料)(Convertible coating or transform coating)涂料中成膜物质在成膜过程中,组成结构发生变化,即成膜物质形成与其原来组成结构完全不相同的涂膜.这类涂料称为转化型涂料。
(5)非转化型涂料(non-convertible coating or intransform coating)涂料中成膜物质在成膜过程中组成结构不发生变化,即成膜物质以原状存在于徐膜中,在涂膜中可以检查出成膜物质的原有结构,这类涂料称为非转化型涂料。
(6)溶剂型涂料(Solvent based coating)完全以有机物为溶剂的涂料。
(7)水性涂料(Water based coating or water based paint)完全或主要以水为介质的涂料。
(8)水溶性涂料(Water soluble coating or paint)以水溶性树脂为主要成膜物质的涂料。
(9)水可稀释性涂料(Water-thinned coating or water reducible coating)主要成膜物质的涂料以微粒很细的、高聚物聚集体在水中的胶为主要成膜物质的涂料。
(10)水乳胶涂料;乳胶漆[Latex coating(paint)]的合成树脂水乳胶为主要成膜物质制得的涂料。
高分子化学名词解释 (1)
一、名词解释1. 高分子:高分子也叫聚合物分子或大分子,具有高的相对分子量,其结构必须是由多个重复单元所组成。
2. 单体:能够进行聚合反应,并构成高分子基本结构组成单元的小分子。
3. 结构单元:在大分子链中出现的以单体结构为基础的原子团称为结构单元。
4. 共聚物:由两种或两种以上的单体聚合而成的高分子则称为共聚物。
5. 加聚反应:烯类单体加成而聚合起来的反应称为加聚反应,反应产物称为加聚物。
6. 缩聚反应:是缩合反应多次重复结果形成聚合物的过程,兼有缩合出低分子和聚合成高分子的双重含义,反应产物称为缩聚物。
7. 高分子的聚集态结构:高分子的聚集态结构,是指高聚物材料整体的内部结构,即高分子链与链之间的排列和堆砌结构。
分为晶态、非晶态、液晶态。
8. 官能度:一分子中能参加反应的官能团的数目叫官能度9. 平均官能度:每一分子平均带有的基团数。
10. 反应程度:参加反应的基团数占起始基团数的分数。
11. 转化率:参加反应的单体量占起始单体量的分数12. 两者区别: 转化率是指已经参加反应的单体的数目, 反应程度则是指已经反应的官能团的数目, 如:一种缩聚反应,单体间双双反应很快全部变成二聚体,就单体转化率而言,转化率达100%;而官能团的反应程度仅50%13. 凝胶化现象:体系粘度突然急剧增加,难以流动,体系转变为具有弹性的凝胶状物质,这一现象称为凝胶化。
14. 凝胶点:开始出现凝胶化时的反应程度(临界反应程度)称为凝胶点,用Pc表示,是高度支化的缩聚物过渡到体型缩聚物的转折点。
15. 引发剂:自由基聚合引发剂通常是一些可在聚合温度下具有适当的热分解速率,分解生成自由基,并能引发单体聚合的化合物。
16. 引发剂半衰期:引发剂分解至起始浓度一半所需要的时间。
17. 引发剂效率:引发剂用来引发单体聚合的部分占引发剂分解或消耗总量的分数。
18. 自动加速现象:随着反应进行,体系的粘度增大,活性端基可能被包埋,双基终止困难,速率常Kt下降,聚合反应速率不仅不随单体和引发剂浓度的降低而减慢,反而增大的现象。
高分子化学常见名词(中英文)
高分子化学常见名词(中英文)∙BiopolymerA polymer produced by a living plant, animal fungus, bacterium, orother biological entity.生物高分子:生物高分子是一种由活的植物、生物真菌、细菌或其他生物体提炼出的一种聚合物。
∙Ceiling TemperatureAbove a certain temperature, monomers can no longer be persuaded toform polymers by chain polymerisation. This occurs when the lossin entropy arising from joining many molecules into one outweighs theenergetic benefit of converting double bonds to single bonds. Achain-growth polymer raised above the ceiling temperature willdegrade, or depolymerise.聚合上限温度:单体聚合时,当聚合和解聚处于平衡状态,这时的聚合温度称为聚合上限温度。
当反应温度高于聚合上限温度时,聚合物会解聚成小分子单体。
∙PlasticWhat most people think of when they think of polymers. Strictlyspeaking, a plastic is a polymeric material that can be molded intodifferent shapes when heated (a thermoplastic) - this is true for mostof the materials mentioned on this website, including poly(styrene),nylon66, PVC, and PET. Some misguided people say nasty things aboutplastic, but it wouldn't be everywhere if it wasn't (a) incredibly usefuland (b) incredibly cheap.塑料:从严格意义上来讲,塑料(热塑性)是一种加热后可以浇铸成不同形状的聚合物,包括聚苯乙烯、尼龙66、PVC、PET等。
学科分类与代码中英文对照表
Classification and Code of Disciplines学科分类与代码中英文对照表(NOTE: The synopsis is revised for accuracy and rearranged in alphabetical order. 注:本对照表已经修订,且按学科英文首字母重新排序。
) English Chinese CodeAgriculture 农学210 Agricultural Engineering 农业工程210·70 Agronomy 农艺学210·30 Basic Disciplines of Agriculture 农业基础学科210·20 History of Agriculture 农业史210·10 Horticulture 园艺学210·40 Other Disciplines of Agriculture 农学其他学科210·99 Plant Protection 植物保护学210·60 Soil Science 土壤学210·50Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 畜牧、兽医科学230 Animal Husbandry 畜牧学230·20 Basic Disciplines of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 畜牧、兽医科学基础学科230·10 Other Disciplines of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 畜牧、兽医科学其他学科230·99 Veterinary Medicine 兽医学230·30 Astronomy 天文学160 Astrobiology 天体生物学160·65 Astrochemistry 天体化学160·25 Celestial Mechanics 天体力学160·15 Astrometry 天体测量学160·30 Astrophysics 天体物理学160·20 Cosmogony 天体演化学160·45 Galaxy and Cosmology 星系与宇宙学160·50 History of Astronomy 天文学史160·10 Other Disciplines of Astronomy 天文学其他学科160·99 Radio Astronomy 射电天文学160·35 Space Astronomy 空间天文学160·40 Star and Galactic System 恒星与银河系160·55 Sun and Solar System 太阳与太阳系160·60 Aviation & Aerospace 航空、航天科学技术590 Aerospace System Engineering 航空、航天系统工程590·65 Aerostat Structure and Design 航空器结构与设计590·15 Basic Disciplines of Aerospace and Technology 航空、航天科学技术基础学科590·10 Control and Navigation Technology of Aerocraft 飞行器控制、导航技术590·35 Experimental Technology of Aerocraft 飞行器试验技术590·50 Ground-based Facility and Technical Support of Aviation 航天地面设施、技术保障590·60 Instrument and Equipment of Aerocraft 飞行器仪表、设备590·30 Launch and Flight Technology of Aerocraft 飞行器发射、飞行技术590·55 Manufacture Technology of Aerocraft 飞行器制造技术590·45 Materials of Aviation & Aerospace 航空、航天材料590·40 Other Disciplines of Aerospace Science and Technology 航空、航天科学技术其他学科590·99 Propulsion System of Aviation & Aerospace 航空、航天推进系统590·25 Spacecraft Structure and Design 航天器结构与设计590·20 Basic Disciplines of Engineering and Technological Science 工程与技术科学基础学科410 Engineering Bionics 工程仿生学410·40 Engineering Cybernetics 工程控制论410·15 Engineering General Technology 工程通用技术410·70 Engineering Geology 工程地质学410·30 Engineering Graphics 工程图学410·60 Engineering Hydrology 工程水文学410·35 Engineering Mathematics 工程数学410·10 Engineering Mechanics 工程力学410·20 Engineering Physics 工程物理学410·25 Engineering Psychology 工程心理学410·45 Industrial Engineering 工业工程学410·75 Metrology 计量学410·55 Other Disciplines of Basic Engineering and Technological Science 工程与技术科学基础学科其他学科410·99 Perambulation Technology 勘查技术410·65 Science and Technology of Standardization 标准化科学技术410·50 Biology 生物学180 Anthropology 人类学180·67 Biochemical Engineering 生物化学180·17 Bioengineering 生物工程180·71 Biological Evolution 生物进化论180·41 Biomathematics 生物数学180·11 Biophysics 生物物理学180·14 Botany 植物学180·51 Cell Biology 细胞生物学180·21 Developmental Biology 发育生物学180·27 Ecology 生态学180·44 Entomology 昆虫学180·54 Genetics 遗传学180·31 Microbiology 微生物学180·61 Molecular Biology 分子生物学180·37 Neurobiology 神经生物学180·47 Other Disciplines of Biology 生物学其他学科180·99Physiology 生理学180·24 Psychology 心理学180·74 Radiobiology 放射生物学180·34 Virology 病毒学180·64 Zoology 动物学180·57 Chemical Engineering 化学工程530 Basic Disciplines of Chemical Engineering 化学工程基础学科530·11 Biochemistry Engineering 生物化学工程530·67 Chemical Reaction Engineering 化学反应工程530·24 Chemical Separation Engineering 化学分离工程530·21 Chemical Surveying Technology and Instrument & Meter 化工测量技术与仪器仪表530·14 Chemical System Engineering 化工系统工程530·27 Chemical Transmission Process 化工传递过程530·17 Coal Chemistry Engineering 煤化学工程530·47 Electro-chemistry Engineering 电化学工程530·41 Engineering of Fur and Tan 毛皮与制革工程530·61 Fine Chemistry Engineering 精细化学工程530·54 High Polymer Engineering 高聚物工程530·44 Inorganic Chemistry Engineering 无机化学工程530·34 Machinery and Equipment of Chemical Engineering 化工机械与设备530·31 Organic Chemistry Engineering 有机化学工程530·37 Other Disciplines of Chemical Engineering 化学工程其他学科530·99 Paper Technology 造纸技术530·57 Petro-chemistry Engineering 石油化学工程530·51 Pharmaceutical Engineering 制药工程530·64 Chemistry 化学150 Analytical Chemistry 分析化学150·25 Applied Chemistry 应用化学150·55 Chemical Physics 化学物理学150·35 High Polymer Chemistry 高分子化学150·45 High Polymer Physics 高分子物理150·40 History of Chemistry 化学史150·10 Inorganic Chemistry 无机化学150·15 Nuclear Chemistry 核化学150·50 Organic Chemistry 有机化学150·20 Other Disciplines of Chemistry 化学其他学科150·99 Physical Chemistry 物理化学150·30 Civil Engineering and Building Construction 土木建筑工程560 History of Architectural 建筑史560·10 Basic Disciplines of Civil Engineering and Building Construction 土木建筑工程基础学科560·15 Building Materials 建筑材料560·25 Civil Construction Engineering 土木建筑工程设计560·40 Civil Construction Structures 土木建筑结构560·35 Civil Engineering and Building Construction Surrey 土木建筑工程测量560·20 Construction of Building 土木建筑工程施工560·45 Construction Economics 建筑经济学560·60 Engineering Structures 工程结构560·30 Machines and Equipments of Civil Construction 土木工程机械与设备560·50 Municipal Engineering 市政工程560·55 Other Disciplines of Civil Engineering and Building Construction 土木建筑工程其他学科560·99 Clinical Medicine 临床医学320 Anesthesiology 麻醉学320·21 Surgery 外科学320·27 Clinical Diagnostics 临床诊断学320·11 Dermatology 皮肤病学320·47 Emergency Medicine 急诊医学320·61 Internal Medicine 内科学320·24 Neurology 神经病学320·54 Nuclear Medicine 核医学320·64 Nursing 护理学320·71 Obstetrics and Gynecology 妇产科学320·31 Oncology 肿瘤学320·67 Ophthalmology 眼科学320·37 Other Disciplines of Clinical Medicine 临床医学其他学科320·99 Otorhinolaryngology 耳鼻咽喉科学320·41 Pediatrics 儿科学320·34 Physiatrics 理疗学320·17 Psychiatry 精神病学320·57 Sanipratics 保健医学320·14 Sexual Medicine 性医学320·51 Stomatology 口腔医学320·44 Computer Science and Technology 计算机科学技术520 Artificial Intelligence 人工智能520·20 Basic Disciplines of Computer Science and Technology 计算机科学技术基础学科520·10 Computer Application 计算机应用520·60 Computer Engineering 计算机工程520·50 Computer Software 计算机软件520·40 Computer System Architecture 计算机系统结构520·30 Other Disciplines of Computer Science and Technology 计算机科学技术其他学科520·99 Dynamic and Electric Engineering 动力与电气工程470 Electrical Engineering 电气工程470·40 Engineering Thermophysics 工程热物理470·10 Other Disciplines of Dynamic and Electric Engineering 动力与电气工程其他学科470·99 Power Machinery Engineering 动力机械工程470·30Pyrology 热工学470·20 Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control 电子、通信与自动控制技术510 Automatic Control Technology 自动控制技术510·80 Broadcasting and Television Engineering 广播与电视工程技术510·60 Communication 通信技术510·50 Electron Technology 电子技术510·10 Information Processing 信息处理技术510·40 Optoelectronics and Laser 光电子学与激光技术510·20 Other Disciplines of Electronics, Communication and Automatic Control 电子、通信与自动控制技术其他学科510·99 Radar Engineering 雷达工程510·70 Semiconductor 半导体技术510·30 Environmental Science and Technology 环境科学技术610 Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology 环境科学技术基础学科610·10 Environmental Engineering 环境工程学610·30 Environmentology 环境学610·20 Other Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology 环境科学技术其他学科610·99 Fisheries 水产学240 Aquacultural Economics 水产经济学240·55 Aquacultural Engineering 水产工程学240·45 Aquacultural Protection 水产保护学240·30 Aquacultural Resources 水产资源学240·50 Aquatic Animal Feeds 水产饲料学240·25 Aquiculture 水产养殖学240·20 Basic Disciplines of Fisheries 水产学基础学科240·10 Fishery Enhancement Industry 水产增殖学240·15 Fishing Science 捕捞学240·35 Other Disciplines of Fisheries 水产学其他学科240·99 Preservation and Processing of Aquatic Products 水产品贮藏与加工240·40 Food Science and Technology 食品科学技术550 Basic Disciplines of Food Science and Technology 食品科学技术基础学科550·10 Enterprise Management of Food Industry 食品工业企业管理学550·60 Food Machinery 食品机械550·40 Food Processing Technology 食品加工技术550·20 Other Disciplines of Food Science and Technology 食品科学技术其他学科550·99 Package and Preservation of Food 食品包装与储藏550·30 Processing and Utilization of Byproduct of Food Processing 食品加工的副产品加工与利用550·50 Forestry 林学220 Basic Disciplines of Forestry 林业基础学科220·10 Forest Conservation 森林保护学220·30 Forest Economics 林业经济学220·65 Forest Engineering 林业工程220·55 Forest Management 森林经理学220·25 Forest Statistics 森林统计学220·60 Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding 林木遗传育种学220·15 Forestry Cultivation 森林培育学220·20 Landscape Architecture 园林学220·50 Other Disciplines of Forestry 林学其他学科220·99 Preservation and Management of Wildlife 野生动物保护与管理220·35 Science of Economic Forest 经济林学220·45 Science of Shelter Forest 防护林学220·40 Geosciences 地球科学170 Atmospheric Science 大气科学170·15 Cartography 地图学170·40 Geochemistry 地球化学170·30 Geodesy 大地测量学170·35 Geography 地理学170·45 Geology 地质学170·50 History of Geosciences 地球科学史170·10 Hydrology 水文学170·55 Marine Sciences 海洋科学170·60 Other Disciplines of Geosciences 地球科学其他学科170·99 Solid-earth Geophysics 固体地球物理学170·20 Space Physics 空间物理学170·25 Hydraulic Engineering 水利工程570 Basic Disciplines of Hydraulic Engineering 水利工程基础学科570·10 Construction of Hydro Project 水利工程施工570·35 Environmental Water Conservancy 环境水利570·55 Flood Control 防洪工程570·65 Hydraulic Economics 水利经济学570·70 Hydraulic Machinery 水力机械570·30 Hydraulic Management 水利管理570·60 Hydraulic Materials 水工材料570·20 Hydraulic Structures 水工结构570·25 Hydro Project Survey 水利工程测量570·15 Maritime Engineering 海洋工程570·50 Other Disciplines of Hydraulic Engineering 水利工程其他学科570·99 River Silt Engineering 河流泥沙工程学570·45 Water Treatment 水处理570·40 Information Science and Systems Science 信息科学与系统科学120 Analysis on System Assessment and Feasibility 系统评估与可行性分析120·40 Basic Disciplines of Information Science and Systems Science 信息科学与系统科学基础学科120·10 Control Theory 控制理论120·30Methodology of System Engineering 系统工程方法论120·50 Other Disciplines of Information and System Science 信息科学和系统科学其他学科120·99 System Engineering 系统工程120·60 Systematology 系统学120·20 Management Science 管理学630 Administrative Management 行政管理630·45 Business Management of Department 部门经济管理630·30 Development and Management of Human Resources 人力资源开发与管理630·55 Enterprise Management 企业管理630·40 Futurology 未来学630·60 History of Management Ideas 管理思想史630·10 Management Engineering 管理工程630·50 Management Metrology 管理计量学630·25 Management Psychology 管理心理学630·20 Management Theory 管理理论630·15 Other Disciplines of Management Science 管理学其他学科630·99 Science ology and Management 科学学与科技管理630·35 Materials Science 材料科学430 Basic Disciplines of Materials Science 材料科学基础学科430·10 Composite Material 复合材料430·55 Defectiveness and Conservation of Materials 材料失效与保护430·20 Materials Examination and Analysis 材料检测与分析技术430·25 Materials Experiment 材料实验430·30 Materials Synthesis and Processing Technology 材料合成与加工工艺430·35 Metallic Material 金属材料430·40 Non-metallic Inorganic Material 无机非金属材料430·45 Organic Polymer Material 有机高分子材料430·50 Other Disciplines of Materials Science 材料科学其他学科430·99 Surface and Interface of Materials 材料表面与界面430·15 Mathematics 数学110 Algebra 代数学110·21 Algebraic Geometry 代数几何学110·24 Applied Mathematics 应用数学110·87 Applied Statistical Mathematics 应用统计数学110·71 Combinatorial Mathematics 组合数学110·77 Discrete Mathematics 离散数学110·81 Dynamic System 动力系统110·51 Function 函数论110·41 Functional Analysis 泛函分析110·57 Fuzzy Mathematics 模糊数学110·84 Geometry 几何学110·27 History of Mathematics 数学史110·11 Integral Equation 积分方程110·54 Mathematical Analysis 数学分析110·34 Mathematical Logic and Foundations 数理逻辑与数学基础110·14 Mathematical Statistics 数理统计学110·67 Nonstandard Analysis 非标准分析110·37 Number Theory 数论110·17 Numerical Mathematics 计算数学110·61 Operation Research 运筹学110·74 Ordinary Differential Equation 常微分方程110·44 Other Disciplines of Mathematics 数学其他学科110·99 Partial Differential Equation 偏微分方程110·47 Probability Theory 概率论110·64 Topology 拓扑学110·31 Mechanical Engineering 机械工程460 Cutting Tool Technology 刀具技术460·30 History of Machinery 机械史460·10 Machine Tool 机床460·35 Machinofacture Technique and Equipment 机械制造工艺与设备460·25 Mechanical Design 机械设计460·20 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation 机械制造自动化460·50 Mechanics 机械学460·15 Other Disciplines of Mechanical Engineering 机械工程其他学科460·99 Special-use Machinery Engineering 专用机械工程460·55 Technology of Instrument and Meter 仪器仪表技术460·40 Turn and Control of Fluid 流体传动与控制460·45 Mechanics 力学130 Applied Mechanics 应用力学130·50 Basic Mechanics 基础力学130·10 Hydromechanics 流体力学130·25 Mechanics of Explosion 爆炸力学130·35 Oscillation and Wave 振动与波130·20 Other Disciplines of Mechanics 力学其他学科130·99 Physical Mechanics 物理力学130·40 Rheology 流变学130·30 Solid Mechanics 固体力学130·15 Statistical Mechanics 统计力学130·45 Metallurgical Engineering 冶金工程技术450 Ferrous Metallurgy 钢铁冶金450·35 Material and Pretreatment of Metallurgy 冶金原料与预处理450·20 Metallurgical Mechanism and Automation 冶金机械及自动化450·50 Metallurgical Technology 冶金技术450·30 Non-ferrous Metallurgy 有色金属冶金450·40Other Disciplines of Metallurgical Engineering 冶金工程技术其他学科450·99 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy 冶金物理化学450·10 Reaction Engineering of Metallurgy 冶金反应工程450·15 Rolling 轧制450·45 Thermal Engineering of Metallurgy 冶金热能工程450·25 Military Medicine and Special Medicine 军事医学与特种医学340 Military Medicine 军事医学340·10 Other Disciplines of Military and Special Medicine 军事医学与特种医学其他学科340·99 Special Medicine 特种医学340·20 Mine Engineering Technology 矿山工程技术440 Development Engineering of Oil and Gas Well 油气田井开发工程440·50 Drilling Engineering 钻井工程440·45 Mine Geology 矿山地质学440·10 Mine Safety 矿山安全440·75 Mine Surveying 矿山测量440·15 Mineral Processing 选矿工程440·40 Mining Design 矿山设计440·20 Mining Electrical Engineering 矿山电气工程440·65 Mining Engineering 采矿工程440·35 Mining Environmental Engineering 采矿环境工程440·70 Mining Equipment Engineering 矿山机械工程440·60 Mining Ground Engineering 矿山地面工程440·25 Other Disciplines of Mining Engineering 矿山工程技术其他学科440·99 Overall Utilization of Mine 矿山综合利用工程440·80 Sinking and Driving Engineering 井巷工程440·30 Storage and Transportation of Petroleum and Natural Gas 石油、天然气储存与运输工程440·55 Nuclear Science and Technology 核科学技术490 Disposal Technology of Three Wastes 放射性三废处理、处置技术490·85 Engineering of Nuclear Power 核动力工程技术490·50 Engineering Technology of Fission Reactor 裂变堆工程技术490·40 Engineering Technology of Nuclear Fusion 核聚变工程技术490·45 Ex-service Technology of Nuclear Facility 核设施退役技术490·80 Isotopic Technology 同位素技术490·55 Nuclear Detection Technology and Nuclear Electronics 核探测技术与核电子学490·15 Nuclear Explosion Engineering 核爆炸工程490·60 Nuclear Instrument and Meter 核仪器、仪表490·25 Nuclear Materials and Techniques 核材料与工艺技术490·30 Nuclear Safety 核安全490·65 Other Disciplines of Nuclear Science 核科学技术其他学科490·99 Particle Accelerator 粒子加速器490·35 Radiation Physics and Technology 辐射物理与技术490·10 Radiation Protection Technology 辐射防护技术490·75 Radioactive Metrology 放射性计量学490·20 Reprocessing Technology of Spent Nuclear Fuel 乏燃料后处理技术490·70 Pharmacology 药学350 Biological Pharmacology 生物药物学350·20 Drug Management 药物管理学350·45 Microbiological Pharmacology 微生物药物学350·25 Other Disciplines of Pharmacology 药学其他学科350·99 Pharmaceutical Chemistry 药物化学350·10 Pharmaceutics 药剂学350·35 Pharmacodynamics 药效学350·40 Pharmacometrics 药物统计学350·50 Radiopharmacy 放射性药物学350·30 Physics 物理学140 Acoustics 声学140·20 Applied Physics 应用物理学140·80 Atomic and Molecular Physics 原子分子物理学140·60 Computational Physics 计算物理学140·75 Condensed Matter Physics 凝聚态物理学140·50 Electromagnetics 电磁学140·35 Electron Physics 电子物理学140·45 Heat 热学140·25 High-energy Physics 高能物理学140·70 History of Physics 物理学史140·10 Nuclear Physics 原子核物理学140·65 Optics 光学140·30 Other Disciplines of Physics 物理学其他学科140·99 Plasma Physics 等离子体物理学140·55 Radio Physics 无线电物理140·40 Theoretical Physics 理论物理学140·15 Preclinical Medicine 基础医学310 Biomedical Engineering 生物医学工程学310·61 Histology & Embryology 人体组织胚胎学310·24 Human Anatomy 人体解剖学310·14 Human Immunology 人体免疫学310·34 Human Physiology 人体生理学310·21 Medical Biochemistry 医学生物化学310·11 Medical Cell Biology 医学细胞生物学310·17 Medical Genetics 医学遗传学310·27 Medical Microbiology 医学微生物学310·41 Medical Parasitology 医学寄生虫学310·37 Medical Psychology 医学心理学310·54 Medical Statistics 医学统计学310·57Medical Experimental Zoology 医学实验动物学310·51 Other Disciplines of Preclinical Medicine 基础医学其他学科310·99 Pathology 病理学310·44 Pharmacology 药理学310·47 Radiation Medicine 放射医学310·31 Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 预防医学与卫生学330 Food Hygiene 食品卫生学330·47 Health Economics 卫生经济学330·71 Disinfection 消毒学330·17 Endemiology 地方病学330·37 Environmental Hygiene 环境卫生学330·57 Environmental Medicine 环境医学330·31 Epidemiology 流行病学330·21 Eugenics 优生学330·74 Health Education 健康教育学330·77 Health Laboratory Technology 卫生检验学330·44 Health Management 卫生管理学330·81 Hygienics for Maternal and Children 妇幼卫生学330·54 Juvenile Hygiene 儿少卫生学330·51 Labor Hygiene 劳动卫生学330·61 Lemology 传染病学330·24 Nutriology 营养学330·11 Occupational Medicine 职业病学330·34 Other Disciplines of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 预防医学与卫生学其他学科330·99 Radiation Hygiene 放射卫生学330·64 Sanitary Engineering 卫生工程学330·67 Social Medicine 社会医学330·41 Toxicology 毒理学330·14 Vector Biology Control 媒介生物控制学330·27 Safety Science and Technology 安全科学技术620 Basic Disciplines of Safety Science and Technology 安全科学技术基础学科620·10 Occupational Health 职业卫生工程620·40 Other Disciplines of Safety Science and Technology 安全科学技术其他学科620·99 Safety Control 安全管理工程620·50 Safety Engineering 安全工程620·30 Safety Science 安全学620·20 Science and Technology of Energy Sources 能源科学技术480 Chemistry of Energy 能源化学480·10 Engineering of Energy Sources System 能源系统工程480·80 Geography of Energy 能源地理学480·20 Other Disciplines of Science and Technology of Energy Sources 能源科学技术其他学科480·99 Primary Energy 一次能源480·60 Secondary Energy 二次能源480·70 Survey of Energy Sources 能源计算与测量480·30 Technology of Energy Saving 节能技术480·50 Technology of Energy Storage 储能技术480·40 Survey & Drawing Science and Technology 测绘科学技术420 Engineering Survey Technology 工程测量技术420·40 Geodetic Surveying 大地测量技术420·10 Hydrographic Surveying and Charting 海洋测绘420·50 Instrument of Surveying and Mapping 测绘仪器420·60 Map Cartographic Technology 地图制图技术420·30 Other Disciplines of Survey & Drawing Science and Technology 测绘科学技术其他学科420·99 Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 摄影测量与遥感技术420·20 Textile Science and Technology 纺织科学技术540 Basic Disciplines of Textile Science and Technology 纺织科学技术基础学科540·10 Fiber Manufacture 纤维制造技术540·30 Garment Technology 服装技术540·60 Other Disciplines of Textile Science and Technology 纺织科学技术其他学科540·99 Printing and Dyeing 染整技术540·50 Textile Machinery and Equipment 纺织机械与设备540·70 Textile Materials 纺织材料540·20 Textile Technology 纺织技术540·40 Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica 中医学与中药学360 Chinese Materia Medica 中药学360·40 Combination of Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine 中西医结合医学360·30 Ethnomedicine 民族医学360·20 Other Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica 中医学与中药学其他学科360·99 Traditional Chinese Medicine 中医学360·10 Traffic and Transportation Engineering 交通运输工程580 Air Transportation 航空运输580·60 Highway Transportation 公路运输580·20 Other Disciplines of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 交通运输工程其他学科580·99 Railway Transportation 铁路运输580·30 Road Engineering 道路工程580·10 Ship Engineering 船舶、舰船工程580·50 Traffic and Transportation Safety Engineering 交通运输安全工程580·80 Traffic and Transportation System Engineering 交通运输系统工程580·70 Water Transportation 水路运输580·40。
实验室及功能间常用英文术语
实验室及功能间常用英文术语整理了实验室和各个功能间的中英文对照。
包括如下几个部分内容:一、容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)二、实验操作(manipulation)三、仪器(apparatus)四、化学试剂(reagent)五、实验室各个功能间名称一.容器与耗材(vessel &consumable material)小瓶vial量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer 坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucible clamp试管test tube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶conical flask塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod搅拌棒stirring rod容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管(one—mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤纸filter paper培养皿culture dish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips剃刀刀片razor blade 手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposable bag垃圾桶garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盘Tray铝箔aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鲜膜preservative film研磨钵mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor试管架test tube holder/rack酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube 载玻片Slide盖玻片Cover glass离心管Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线Electrical leads牙签Toothpick螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut 复印纸Copy paper复写纸Carbon paper钉Nail试管刷test—tube brush 计时器Timer闹钟Alarm clockU形钉Staple衣服挂钩Coat hanger 电泳用的梳子Comb扳手Shifting spanner订书机Stapler订书钉staple圆珠笔芯Refill灯泡Globe记号笔marker pen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger铁架台iron support万能夹extension clamp 止水夹flatjaw pinchcock 圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring 橡胶管rubber tubing药匙lab spoon镊子forceps/ tweezers蜂鸣器buzzer架子shelf剪刀scissor打孔器stopper borer移液吸管serological pipette血球计数板hemocytometerpH试纸universal ph indicator paper称量纸weighing paper透明胶带sellotape筛子sieve网眼mesh格子grid擦镜纸wiper for lens水银温度计mercury—filled thermometer白大褂white gown真空泵vacuum pump水浴锅water bath kettle口罩respirator电极electrode阳极,正极anode阴极,负极cathode二.实验操作(manipulation):丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize 均质化homogenize分装aliquot培养foster通风ventilate冷却chill down稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate超声破碎ultrasonication 淬灭quench裂解物Lysate沉淀物Sediment上清Supernatant小滴droplet一批batch色谱chromatograph 沉淀precipitate接种inoculate探针probe蒸馏distil/distill搅拌Stir/agitate旋转swirl/ spin中和neutralize校准calibrate平衡equilibrate结块、块状沉淀clump 粘稠的viscous漂洗rinse脱水dehydrate发酵fermentation溶解dissolve燃烧combustion水解hydrolysis过滤filtrate浓缩condense催化剂catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用catalysis分解dissolution涡旋震荡Vortex电泳Electrophoresis抽滤suction filtration电转化electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion浆液slurry三.仪器(apparatus)恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator空调机Air conditionerpH计pH meter照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer 磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波炉microwave oven电磁炉electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge盖子lid/ cap封口设备Sealing equipment复印机Duplicator, copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench通风橱fume cupboard药柜Cupboard高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination真空泵Vacuum pump天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance涡旋振荡器Vortexing machineCO2培养箱CO2 Incubators电子显微镜Electro Microscopy电泳仪Electrophoresis System恒流泵constant flow pump解剖镜anatomical lensPCR仪Thermocycler倒置显微镜Inverted Microscope核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer光学显微镜Optical Microscopy摇床Shaker培养箱incubator 超滤器Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低温冰箱Ultra-low Temperature Freezer超声破碎仪Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor紫外观察灯Ultraviolet Lamp紫外-可见光分光光度计UV—Visible Spectrophotometer计算器calculator/numerator四.化学试剂(reagent)1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine (Ala,A)缬氨酸valine (Val,V)亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸proline (Pro,P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸tryptophan (Trp,W)蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys,C)酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr,Y)天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N)谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸histidine (His,H)天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp,D) 谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E) 2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy—3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial硼酸Boric acid氯化钙Calcium chloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇absolute ethanol乙酸钠Sodium acetate氯化钠Sodium chloride生理盐水physiological saline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar甘油glycerin内毒素endotoxin两性霉素amphotericin氨苄Ampicillin肝素heparin卡那霉素Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin溴化乙锭ethidium bromide 胰岛素Insulin树脂resin糖类saccharide蔗糖Sucrose醋酸钾Potassium acetate 异丙醇Isopropanol醋酸铵Ammonium acetate 异戊醇Isoamyl alcohol 氯仿Chloroform甲醇methanol遗传霉素geneticin糖原glycogen血清serum高锰酸钾potassium hypermanganate 考马斯亮蓝Coomassie brilliant blue 液氮liquid nitrogen次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol阴离子anion碱性alkalinity五。
高分子化学中英文
几何异构 Geometrical Isomerism
凝胶点 Gel point, Pc
凝胶效应 Gel Effect
凝胶化 Gelation
玻璃化温度 Glass Transition Temperature, Tg
接枝聚合 Graft Copolymerization
链节 Chain Element
链引发 Chain Initiation
连锁聚合 Chain Polymerization
链增长 Chain Propagation
链终止 Chain Termination
链转移 Chain Transfer
链转移剂 Chain Transfer Agent
中英文对照
加聚反应 Addition Polymerization
加聚物 Addition Polymer
粘结剂 Adhesive
老化 Ageing
交替共聚物 Alternating Copolymer
元素有机高分子 Elementary Organic Polymer
乳化作用 Emulsification
乳化剂 Emulsifier
乳液聚合 Emulsion Polymerization
乳胶粒 Emulsion Particle
对映体异构 Enantiomer Isomerism
合成高分子 Synthetic Polymer
遥爪聚合物 Telechelic Polymer
涤纶 Terylene or Poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET
实验室及功能间常用英文术语
实验室及功能间常用英文术语整理了实验室和各个功能间的中英文对照。
包括如下几个部分容:一、容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)二、实验操作(manipulation)三、仪器(apparatus)四、化学试剂(reagent)五、实验室各个功能间名称一.容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)小瓶vial量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer 坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucible clamp试管test tube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶conical flask塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod搅拌棒stirring rod容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤纸filter paper培养皿culture dish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips剃刀刀片razor blade 手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposable bag垃圾桶garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盘Tray铝箔aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鲜膜preservative film研磨钵mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor试管架test tube holder/rack酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube 载玻片Slide盖玻片Cover glass离心管Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线Electrical leads牙签T oothpick二.实验操作(manipulation):丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize 均质化homogenize分装aliquot培养foster通风ventilate冷却chill down稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate超声破碎ultrasonication 淬灭quench三.仪器(apparatus)恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator空调机Air conditionerpH计pH meter照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer 磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波炉microwave oven电磁炉electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge盖子lid/ cap封口设备Sealing equipment复印机Duplicator, copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench通风橱fume cupboard药柜Cupboard高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination真空泵Vacuum pump天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance涡旋振荡器Vortexing machineCO2培养箱CO2 Incubators电子显微镜Electro Microscopy电泳仪Electrophoresis System恒流泵constant flow pump四.化学试剂(reagent)1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)缬氨酸valine (Val, V)亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)氨酸threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N) 谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D) 谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E) 2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy-3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial硼酸Boric acid氯化钙Calcium chloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇absolute ethanol乙酸钠Sodium acetate氯化钠Sodium chloride生理盐水physiological saline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar甘油glycerin毒素endotoxin两性霉素amphotericin五.化验室各功能间名称(中英文对照)1、免疫检测室Immune Detection Room(1个)2、样品管理室Sample Management Room(1个)3、高压灭菌室High Pressure Sterilization Room(1个)4、综合实验室(一)Complex Lab(1)(1个)5、男更衣Men’s Change room(1个)6、女更衣Women’s Change room(1个)7、试剂库Reagent Repository(1个)8、物料留样室Material Sample Room(1个)9、留样品室Sample Room(1个)10、缓冲间The Buffer Room(4个)11、无菌室The Sterility T est Lab (1个)12、微生物限度室Microbial Limit T est Lab(1个)13、阳性实验室Positive Bacteria Lab(1个)14、准备室Preparation Room(1个)15、培养室Culture Room(1个)二楼1、定氮室Kjeldahl analysis Room(1个)2、消化室Digestion Room(1个)3、仪器室Instrument Room (1个)4、综合实验室(二)Complex Lab(2)(1个)5、高效液相色谱室HPLC Lab(1个)6、原子吸收色谱室AAS Lab(1个)7、气瓶室Cylinder Stores(2个)8、气相色谱室GC Lab(1个)9、技术资料室Reference Room(1个)10、放免测定室Radioimmunoassay Room(1个)11、清洗室Cleaning Room(1个)12、干烤室Oven Room(1个)13、天平室Balance Room(1个)14、灯检室Light Inspection Room(1个)15、水分测定室Moisture Measurement Room(1个)16、标化室Standardization Room(1个)17、QC办公室QC Office(1个)18、QA办公室QA Office(1个)19、病毒实验室备用间Spare room技术资料室T echnical document洗涤室washing chamber灭菌室sterilization room更衣室(一)changing room(1)更衣室(二)changing room(2)更衣室changing room样品间sample room试剂室Reagent room洗衣室laundry理化检测室Physical and chemical LabHBsAg、抗-HCV检测室HBsAg、Anti - HCV Lab抗-HIV检测室Anti - HIV Lab梅毒螺旋体抗体、ALT检测室treponema pallidum antibody、ALT Lab核酸扩增及扩增产物分析区nucleic acid amplification and amplification product analysis area核酸提取室Nucleic acid extraction chamber清洁区clean zone试剂储存和准备区Reagent storage and preparation area消毒前室Before disinfection room消毒后室After disinfection room前室antechamber缓冲间buffer room=========================================================复合材料实验室Lab of Composite materials高分子材料制作室Polymer materials studio高分子材料性能实验室Lab of Polymer material Properties高分子材料共混改性实验室Lab for Polymer materials Blending and Modification高分子材料加工实验室Lab for Polymer materials processing高分子物理实验室Lab of Polymer physics(1)高分子化学实验室Lab of Polymer chemistry (1)高分子合成实验室Lab for Polymer synthesis高分子材料结构实验室Lab of Polymer materials structure实验室常用英语-化学生物类1. 2. 来美国学习遇到了一个很郁闷的事:走进实验室跟别人交流非常困难,自己做实验也是磕磕碰碰。
高分子化学第一、二章名词解释
高分子化学名词解释高分子化合物(High Molecular Compound):所谓高分子化合物,系指那些由众多原子或原子团主要以共价键结合而成的相对分子量在一万以上的化合物。
单体(Monomer):合成聚合物所用的-低分子的原料。
如聚氯乙烯的单体为氯乙烯。
重复单元(Repeating Unit):在聚合物的大分子链上重复出现的、组成相同的最小基本单元。
如聚氯乙烯的重复单元为。
单体单元(Monomer Unit):结构单元与原料相比,除了电子结构变化外,其原子种类和各种原子的个数完全相同,这种结构单元又称为单体单元。
结构单元(Structural Unit):单体在大分子链中形成的单元。
聚氯乙烯的结构单元为。
聚合度(DP、X n)(Degree of Polymerization) :衡量聚合物分子大小的指标。
以重复单元数为基准,即聚合物大分子链上所含重复单元数目的平均值,以DP表示;以结构单元数为基准,即聚合物大分子链上所含结构单元数目的平均值,以X n表示。
聚合物是由一组不同聚合度和不同结构形态的同系物的混合物所组成,因此聚合度是一统计平均值。
聚合物分子量(Molecular Weight of Polymer):重复单元的分子量与重复单元数的乘积;或结构单元数与结构单元分子量的乘积。
分子量分布(Molecular Weight Distribution, MWD ):由于高聚物一般由不同分子量的同系物组成的混合物,因此它的分子量具有一定的分布,分子量分布一般有分布指数和分子量分布曲线两种表示方法。
多分散性(Polydispersity):聚合物通常由一系列相对分子量不同的大分子同系物组成的混合物,用以表达聚合物的相对分子量大小并不相等的专业术语叫多分散性。
分布指数(Distribution Index) :重均分子量与数均分子量的比值。
即。
用来表征分子量分布的宽度或多分散性。
连锁聚合(Chain Polymerization):活性中心引发单体,迅速连锁增长的聚合。
高分子材料专业课程中英文名称与简介
生产实习(Advanced Practicum)本课程是材料科学与工程本科专业的必修课。
课程内容包括带生到工厂和科研院所了解和实践专业知识在实际生产中的应用。
同时配合仿真实习软件掌握化工生产工艺的操作,为学生进社会工作打好基础。
材料学院开课;预修:PSE3840T,PSE3620T。
橡胶工程高等实验(Rubber Engineering Advanced Experiment)本课程开设研制弹性体高分子材料的综合实验,以完成小型科题的训练为教学目标,培养学生的基本科研素质和创新能力。
教师给出科研课题,学生自行设计方案,完成材料选用、配合点、测试表征方案、结果与讨论等步骤。
最后撰写实验和研究报告。
材料学院开课;预修:PSE3620T,PSE3840PSE3421T。
文献查阅(Literature Searching)本课程的特点:是一门实践课;掌握文献检索的基本知识;工具书的使用方法;熟悉图书馆的检索方法;记住必要的专业术语;掌握相关检索工具的网络检索方法。
材料学院秋季开课预修:MSE2022T,MSE2140T,MSE3440T。
聚合物表征(Techniques for Characterization of Polymers)本课程是材料学专业的核心基础课程系统讲授聚合物结构与性能表征的分析方法,主要内容包括:波谱分析,聚合物分子质量及分子质量分布表征,聚合物微结构分析,聚合物热分析,聚合物流变性能分析,聚合物动态力学分析。
材料学院秋季开课;预修:PSE2150PSE2250T,PSE3620T。
橡胶制品及模具设计(Rubber Products and Mold Design)介绍国内外橡胶工业制品种类及生产,讲述橡胶模压制品设计一般要求和规律,讲述橡胶压模类型对制品的影响、结构设计、模具导向与定位、模具的尺寸与强关系、模具材料、热处理及表面处理的要求及模具的尺寸公差与配合、整体设计。
材料学院秋季开课;预修:M1120T,MEE2250T,MEE1640T。
实验室及功能间常用英文术语
实验室及功能间常用英文术语整理了实验室和各个功能间的中英文对照。
包括如下几个部分内容:一、容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)二、实验操作(manipulation)三、仪器(apparatus)四、化学试剂(reagent)五、实验室各个功能间名称一.容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)小瓶vial量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer 坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucible clamp试管test tube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶conical flask塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod搅拌棒stirring rod容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤纸filter paper培养皿culture dish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips剃刀刀片razor blade 手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposable bag垃圾桶garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盘Tray铝箔aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鲜膜preservative film研磨钵mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor试管架test tube holder/rack酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube 载玻片Slide盖玻片Cover glass离心管Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线Electrical leads牙签Toothpick二.实验操作(manipulation):丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize 均质化homogenize分装aliquot培养foster通风ventilate冷却chill down稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate超声破碎ultrasonication 淬灭quench三.仪器(apparatus)恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator空调机Air conditionerpH计pH meter照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer 磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波炉microwave oven电磁炉electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge盖子lid/ cap封口设备Sealing equipment复印机Duplicator, copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench通风橱fume cupboard药柜Cupboard高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination真空泵Vacuum pump天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance涡旋振荡器Vortexing machineCO2培养箱CO2 Incubators电子显微镜Electro Microscopy电泳仪Electrophoresis System恒流泵constant flow pump四.化学试剂(reagent)1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)缬氨酸valine (Val, V)亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N) 谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D) 谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E) 2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy-3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial硼酸Boric acid氯化钙Calcium chloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇absolute ethanol乙酸钠Sodium acetate氯化钠Sodium chloride生理盐水physiological saline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar甘油glycerin内毒素endotoxin两性霉素amphotericin五.化验室各功能间名称(中英文对照)1、免疫检测室Immune Detection Room(1个)2、样品管理室Sample Management Room(1个)3、高压灭菌室High Pressure Sterilization Room(1个)4、综合实验室(一)Complex Lab(1)(1个)5、男更衣Men’s Change room(1个)6、女更衣Women’s Change room(1个)7、试剂库Reagent Repository(1个)8、物料留样室Material Sample Room(1个)9、留样品室Sample Room(1个)10、缓冲间The Buffer Room(4个)11、无菌室The Sterility Test Lab (1个)12、微生物限度室Microbial Limit Test Lab(1个)13、阳性实验室Positive Bacteria Lab(1个)14、准备室Preparation Room(1个)15、培养室Culture Room(1个)二楼1、定氮室Kjeldahl analysis Room(1个)2、消化室Digestion Room(1个)3、仪器室Instrument Room (1个)4、综合实验室(二)Complex Lab(2)(1个)5、高效液相色谱室HPLC Lab(1个)6、原子吸收色谱室AAS Lab(1个)7、气瓶室Cylinder Stores(2个)8、气相色谱室GC Lab(1个)9、技术资料室Reference Room(1个)10、放免测定室Radioimmunoassay Room(1个)11、清洗室Cleaning Room(1个)12、干烤室Oven Room(1个)13、天平室Balance Room(1个)14、灯检室Light Inspection Room(1个)15、水分测定室Moisture Measurement Room(1个)16、标化室Standardization Room(1个)17、QC办公室QC Office(1个)18、QA办公室QA Office(1个)19、病毒实验室备用间Spare room技术资料室Technical document洗涤室washing chamber灭菌室sterilization room更衣室(一)changing room(1)更衣室(二)changing room(2)更衣室changing room样品间sample room试剂室Reagent room洗衣室laundry理化检测室Physical and chemical LabHBsAg、抗-HCV检测室HBsAg、Anti - HCV Lab抗-HIV检测室Anti - HIV Lab梅毒螺旋体抗体、ALT检测室treponema pallidum antibody、ALT Lab核酸扩增及扩增产物分析区nucleic acid amplification and amplification product analysis area核酸提取室Nucleic acid extraction chamber清洁区clean zone试剂储存和准备区Reagent storage and preparation area消毒前室Before disinfection room消毒后室After disinfection room前室antechamber缓冲间buffer room=========================================================复合材料实验室Lab of Composite materials高分子材料制作室Polymer materials studio高分子材料性能实验室Lab of Polymer material Properties高分子材料共混改性实验室Lab for Polymer materials Blending and Modification高分子材料加工实验室Lab for Polymer materials processing高分子物理实验室Lab of Polymer physics(1)高分子化学实验室Lab of Polymer chemistry (1)高分子合成实验室Lab for Polymer synthesis高分子材料结构实验室Lab of Polymer materials structure实验室常用英语-化学生物类1. 2. 来美国学习遇到了一个很郁闷的事:走进实验室跟别人交流非常困难,自己做实验也是磕磕碰碰。
高分子化学复习资料1
逐步聚合方法
熔融缩聚
是单体和聚合产物均处于熔融状态下的聚合反应。是最 简单的缩聚方法。只有单体和少量催化剂 优点:产物纯净,分离简单,通常以釜式聚合,生产设备 简单,是工业上和实验室常用的方法,
熔融缩聚在工艺上有以下特点:
反应温度高:一般在200-300 ℃之间,比生成的聚合 物的熔点高10-20 ℃,一般不适合生产高熔点的聚合 物
HOROH + HOOCR`COOH
HOROCOR`COOH + H2O
HOROH
HOOCR`COOH
2
HOROCOR`COOROH
HOOCR`COOROCOR`COOH
三聚体
四聚体
三聚体
三聚体和四聚体可以相互反应,也可自身反应,也
可与单体、二聚体反应
含羟基的任何聚体和含羧基的任何聚体都可以进行反应, 形成如下通式:
n-聚体 + m-聚体
(n + m)-聚体 + 水
如此进行下去,分子量随时间延长而增加,显示出 逐步的特征
反应程度
在缩聚反应中,常用反应程度来描述反应的深度
反应程度:
是参加反应的官能团数占起始官能团数的分数,用P表示; 对于等物质量的二元酸和二元醇的缩聚反应,设:体系中起 始二元酸和二元醇的分子总数为N0 , 2N0等于起始羧基数 和羟基数,t 时的聚酯分子数为N,2N等于残留的羧基或羟 基数.
反应程度与平均聚合度的关系
Xn
=
结 构 单 元 数 目=N0 大分子数 N
代入反应程度关系式
P = N0-N = 1- N
N0
N0
P = 1- 1 Xn
1 Xn = 1-P
300 250 200
X 150
高分子化学名词解释精品(精)
高分子化学名词解释第一章绪论(Introduction)1、高分子化合物(High Molecular Compound):所谓高分子化合物,系指那些由众多原子或原子团主要以共价键结合而成的相对分子量在一万以上的化合物。
2、单体(Monomer):合成聚合物所用的-低分子的原料。
如聚氯乙烯的单体为氯乙烯3、重复单元(Repeating Unit):在聚合物的大分子链上重复出现的、组成相同的最小基本单元。
4、结构单元(Structural Unit):单体在大分子链中形成的单元。
5、单体单元(Monomer Unit):结构单元与原料相比,除了电子结构变化外,其原子种类和各种原子的个数完全相同,这种结构单元又称为单体单元。
6、聚合度(DP、X n)(Degree of Polymerization) :衡量聚合物分子大小的指标。
以重复单元数为基准,即聚合物大分子链上所含重复单元数目的平均值;以结构单元数为基准,即聚合物大分子链上所含结构单元数目的平均值。
7、聚合物分子量(Molecular Weight of Polymer):重复单元的分子量与重复单元数的乘积;或结构单元数与结构单元分子量的乘积。
8、数均分子量M n(Number-average Molecular Weight):聚合物中用不同分子量的分子数目平均的统计平均分子量。
9、重均分子量M w(Weight-average Molecular Weight):聚合物中用不同分子量的分子重量平均的统计平均分子量。
10、粘均分子量M v(Viscosity-average Molecular Weight):用粘度法测得的聚合物的分子量。
M w>M v>M n11、分子量分布(Molecular Weight Distribution, MWD ):由于高聚物一般由不同分子量的同系物组成的混合物,因此它的分子量具有一定的分布,分子量分布一般有分布指数和分子量分布曲线两种表示方法。
实验室及功能间常用英文术语
实验室及功能间常用英文术语整理了实验室和各个功能间的中英文对照。
包括如下几个部分内容:一、容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)二、实验操作(manipulation)三、仪器(apparatus)四、化学试剂(reagent)五、实验室各个功能间名称一.容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)小瓶vial量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer 坩埚crucible坩埚钳crucible clamp试管test tube漏斗funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶conical flask塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod搅拌棒stirring rod容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤纸filter paper培养皿culture dish移液枪pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips剃刀刀片razor blade 手术刀scalpel垃圾袋disposable bag垃圾桶garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盘Tray铝箔aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鲜膜preservative film研磨钵mortar研杵pestle小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus桶bucket广口瓶wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor试管架test tube holder/rack酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube 载玻片Slide盖玻片Cover glass离心管Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线Electrical leads牙签Toothpick螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut 复印纸Copy paper复写纸Carbon paper钉Nail试管刷test-tube brush 计时器Timer闹钟Alarm clockU形钉Staple衣服挂钩Coat hanger 电泳用的梳子Comb扳手Shifting spanner订书机Stapler订书钉staple圆珠笔芯Refill灯泡Globe记号笔marker pen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger铁架台iron support万能夹extension clamp 止水夹flatjaw pinchcock 圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring 橡胶管rubber tubing药匙lab spoon镊子forceps/ tweezers蜂鸣器buzzer架子shelf剪刀scissor打孔器stopper borer移液吸管serological pipette血球计数板hemocytometerpH试纸universal ph indicator paper称量纸weighing paper透明胶带sellotape筛子sieve网眼mesh格子grid擦镜纸wiper for lens水银温度计mercury-filled thermometer白大褂white gown真空泵vacuum pump水浴锅water bath kettle口罩respirator电极electrode阳极,正极anode阴极,负极cathode二.实验操作(manipulation):丢弃discard转移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction离心收集pellet重悬resuspend絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate 浑浊的turbid烘bake灭菌sterilize 均质化homogenize分装aliquot培养foster通风ventilate冷却chill down稀释dilute洗脱elute孵育incubate超声破碎ultrasonication 淬灭quench裂解物Lysate沉淀物Sediment上清Supernatant小滴droplet一批batch色谱chromatograph 沉淀precipitate接种inoculate探针probe蒸馏distil/distill搅拌Stir/agitate旋转swirl/ spin中和neutralize校准calibrate平衡equilibrate结块、块状沉淀clump 粘稠的viscous漂洗rinse脱水dehydrate发酵fermentation溶解dissolve燃烧combustion水解hydrolysis过滤filtrate浓缩condense催化剂catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用catalysis分解dissolution涡旋震荡Vortex电泳Electrophoresis抽滤suction filtration电转化electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/mince灌注perfusion浆液slurry三.仪器(apparatus)恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator空调机Air conditionerpH计pH meter照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer 磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波炉microwave oven电磁炉electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机centrifuge盖子lid/ cap封口设备Sealing equipment复印机Duplicator, copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench通风橱fume cupboard药柜Cupboard高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination真空泵Vacuum pump天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance涡旋振荡器Vortexing machineCO2培养箱CO2 Incubators电子显微镜Electro Microscopy电泳仪Electrophoresis System恒流泵constant flow pump解剖镜anatomical lensPCR仪Thermocycler倒置显微镜Inverted Microscope核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer光学显微镜Optical Microscopy摇床Shaker培养箱incubator 超滤器Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低温冰箱Ultra-low Temperature Freezer超声破碎仪Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor紫外观察灯Ultraviolet Lamp紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometer计算器calculator/numerator四.化学试剂(reagent)1、氨基酸丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)缬氨酸valine (Val, V)亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N) 谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D) 谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E) 2、核苷酸腺苷adenosine鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷cytidine 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶核苷uridine脱氧deoxy-3、其他化学试剂二甲苯Xylene冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial硼酸Boric acid氯化钙Calcium chloride巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇absolute ethanol乙酸钠Sodium acetate氯化钠Sodium chloride生理盐水physiological saline洗涤剂detergent十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白胨Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar甘油glycerin内毒素endotoxin两性霉素amphotericin氨苄Ampicillin肝素heparin卡那霉素Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin溴化乙锭ethidium bromide 胰岛素Insulin树脂resin糖类saccharide蔗糖Sucrose醋酸钾Potassium acetate 异丙醇Isopropanol醋酸铵Ammonium acetate 异戊醇Isoamyl alcohol 氯仿Chloroform甲醇methanol遗传霉素geneticin糖原glycogen血清serum高锰酸钾potassium hypermanganate 考马斯亮蓝Coomassie brilliant blue 液氮liquid nitrogen次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol阴离子anion碱性alkalinity五.化验室各功能间名称(中英文对照)1、免疫检测室Immune Detection Room(1个)2、样品管理室Sample Management Room(1个)3、高压灭菌室High Pressure Sterilization Room(1个)4、综合实验室(一)Complex Lab(1)(1个)5、男更衣Men’s Change room(1个)6、女更衣Women’s Change room(1个)7、试剂库Reagent Repository(1个)8、物料留样室Material Sample Room(1个)9、留样品室Sample Room(1个)10、缓冲间The Buffer Room(4个)11、无菌室The Sterility Test Lab (1个)12、微生物限度室Microbial Limit Test Lab(1个)13、阳性实验室Positive Bacteria Lab(1个)14、准备室Preparation Room(1个)15、培养室Culture Room(1个)二楼1、定氮室Kjeldahl analysis Room(1个)2、消化室Digestion Room(1个)3、仪器室Instrument Room (1个)4、综合实验室(二)Complex Lab(2)(1个)5、高效液相色谱室HPLC Lab(1个)6、原子吸收色谱室AAS Lab(1个)7、气瓶室Cylinder Stores(2个)8、气相色谱室GC Lab(1个)9、技术资料室Reference Room(1个)10、放免测定室Radioimmunoassay Room(1个)11、清洗室Cleaning Room(1个)12、干烤室Oven Room(1个)13、天平室Balance Room(1个)14、灯检室Light Inspection Room(1个)15、水分测定室Moisture Measurement Room(1个)16、标化室Standardization Room(1个)17、QC办公室QC Office(1个)18、QA办公室QA Office(1个)19、病毒实验室备用间Spare room技术资料室Technical document洗涤室washing chamber灭菌室sterilization room更衣室(一)changing room(1)更衣室(二)changing room(2)更衣室changing room样品间sample room试剂室Reagent room洗衣室laundry理化检测室Physical and chemical LabHBsAg、抗-HCV检测室HBsAg、Anti - HCV Lab抗-HIV检测室Anti - HIV Lab梅毒螺旋体抗体、ALT检测室treponema pallidum antibody、ALT Lab核酸扩增及扩增产物分析区nucleic acid amplification and amplification product analysis area核酸提取室Nucleic acid extraction chamber清洁区clean zone试剂储存和准备区Reagent storage and preparation area消毒前室Before disinfection room消毒后室After disinfection room前室antechamber缓冲间buffer room=========================================================复合材料实验室Lab of Composite materials高分子材料制作室Polymer materials studio高分子材料性能实验室Lab of Polymer material Properties高分子材料共混改性实验室Lab for Polymer materials Blending and Modification高分子材料加工实验室Lab for Polymer materials processing高分子物理实验室Lab of Polymer physics(1)高分子化学实验室Lab of Polymer chemistry (1)高分子合成实验室Lab for Polymer synthesis高分子材料结构实验室Lab of Polymer materials structure实验室常用英语-化学生物类1. 2. 来美国学习遇到了一个很郁闷的事:走进实验室跟别人交流非常困难,自己做实验也是磕磕碰碰。
高分子化学第一章(2)
--NH-(--CH2-)-CO-- + n H2O n 5
n
H2N(CH2)6NH2 + HOOC(CH2)4COOH
H--NH(CH2)6NH--CO(CH2)4CO--OH + (2n-1) H2O
n
8
单体单元、结构单元、重复单元、 单体单元、结构单元、重复单元、 高分子化学 链节有何关系? 链节有何关系?
3
聚氯乙烯PVC由什么组成? 由什么组成? 聚氯乙烯 由什么组成
4
高分子化学
一、 高分子化合物与单体
聚合物分子结构必须是由多个重复单元所组成, 聚合物分子结构必须是由多个重复单元所组成,并且这 些重复单元是由相应的小分子衍生而来。 些重复单元是由相应的小分子衍生而来。
C 2-C C 2-C C 2-C H H H H H H C l C l C l
其重复单元由 两种结构单元 组成, 组成,且结构 单元与单体的 组成不尽相同, 组成不尽相同, 所以, 所以,不能称 为单体单元。 为单体单元。
H--NH(CH2)6NH--CO(CH2)4CO--OH+ (2n-1) H2O
n
结构单元 结构单元 重复结构单元
但单体在形成高 分子的过程中要 失掉一些原子
----( C 2--C = H H2 -)--(-C 2--C -)---H H C --C H Hy x
n
说明: y为任意值,故在分子链上结构单元的排列是任意的: 说明: x, y为任意值,故在分子链上结构单元的排列是任意的:
∼ ∼M1M2M1M1M2M1M2M2M2 ∼ ∼ 在这种情况下,无法确定它的重复单元,仅 在这种情况下,无法确定它的重复单元,
说明:n 表示重复单元数,也称为链节数,, 在此等于聚合度。 表重复单元数,也称为链节数 在此等于聚合度。
高分子化学英文
高分子化学英文Polymers are the building blocks of modern life, from the plastic in our phones to the tires on our cars. They are versatile, durable, and can be engineered for a variety of applications.In the realm of polymer chemistry, scientists manipulate the molecular structure to create materials with specific properties. For instance, adding cross-linking can enhance the strength and stability of a polymer.The synthesis of polymers involves a series of chemical reactions, often involving monomers, which are the basicunits that link together to form long chains. This process can be controlled to produce polymers with desired characteristics.One of the challenges in polymer chemistry is ensuring that the polymerization process is efficient and produces high-quality materials. This requires a deep understanding of reaction kinetics and conditions.Environmental concerns have also become a significant factor in polymer science. Researchers are now focusing on developing biodegradable and recyclable polymers to reduce waste and environmental impact.The future of polymer chemistry is bright, with potentialbreakthroughs in areas such as self-healing materials, conductive polymers for electronics, and biocompatible polymers for medical applications.Understanding the principles of polymer chemistry opens up a world of possibilities, from creating new materials to solving some of the world's most pressing problems.。
高分子化学中英文对照
05. 高分子化学05.1 高分子物质coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应21低聚反应,齐聚反应(曾用名)oligomerization22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链[式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合,乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯[类]聚合diene polymerization31 加[成]聚[合]addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radicalpolymerization,RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer,RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43 无活性端聚合,dead end polymerization死端聚合(曾用名)44 光[致]聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子[型]聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活[性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活[性]聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映[体]对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization聚加成反应,polyaddition101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步[增长]聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization,108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合,间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮[类]引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物,155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator,difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst 174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177 [二]茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移[反应]addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant221 ①缓聚作用②延迟作用retardation222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂,阻滞剂retarding agent 225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合[反应]copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒[组]分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂,链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄]硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 281 无规降解random degradation282 水解降解hydrolytic degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理13有规立构嵌段isotactic block14无规立构嵌段atactic block15单体单元monomeric unit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链;链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration,CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight,viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution,MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation 160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization228外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal 234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism 235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilization260最低临界共溶(溶解)温lower critical solution temperature, LCST度upper critical solution temperature , UCST261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变;变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹,回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis,TBA342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model397时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle 398玻耳兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle399平移因子shift factor400WLF公式WLF[Williams-Lendel-Ferry] equation 401软化温度softening temperature402平衡熔点equilibrium melting point403物理老化physical ageing404光老化photoageing405热老化thermal ageing406热氧老化thermo-oxidative ageing407人工老化artificial ageing408加速老化accelerated ageing409计算机模拟computer simulation410分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子专业英语课文翻译
A 高分子化学和高分子物理UNIT 1 What are Polymer?第一单元什么是高聚物?What are polymers? For one thing, they are complex and giant molecules and are different from low molecular weight compounds like, say, common salt. To contrast the difference, the molecular weight of common salt is only 58.5, while that of a polymer can be as high as several hundred thousand, even more than thousand thousands. These big molecules or ‘macro-molecules’ are made up of much smaller molecules, can be of one or more chemical compounds. To illustrate, imagine that a set of rings has the same size and is made of the same material. When these things are interlinked, the chain formed can be considered as representing a polymer from molecules of the same compound. Alternatively, individual rings could be of different sizes and materials, and interlinked to represent a polymer from molecules of different compounds.什么是高聚物?首先,他们是合成物和大分子,而且不同于低分子化合物,譬如说普通的盐。
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7
金属有机聚合物
organometallic polymer
8
元素高分子
element polymer
9
高聚物
high polymer
10
聚合物
polymer
11
低聚物
oligomer
曾用名“齐聚物”。
12
二聚体
dimer
13
三聚体
trimeible chain polymer
80
刚棒高分子
rigid rod polymer
81
棒状高分子
rodlike polymer
82
刚-柔嵌段共聚物
rod coil block copolymer
83
树状高分子
dendrimer, dendritic polymer, tree polymer
42
多相聚合物
multiphase polymer
43
统计[结构]共聚物
statistical copolymer
44
无规共聚物
random copolymer
45
交替共聚物
alternating copolymer
46
周期共聚物
periodic copolymer
47
梯度共聚物
gradient copolymer
05.高分子化学
05.1高分子物质
新序码
汉文名
英文名
注释
1
高分子
macromolecule, polymer
又称“大分子”。
2
超高分子
supra polymer
3
天然高分子
natural polymer
4
无机高分子
inorganicpolymer
5
有机高分子
organic polymer
6
无机-有机高分子
68
杂环高分子
heterocyclic polymer
69
大环聚合物
macrocyclic polymer
70
直链高分子
straight chain polymer
71
线型聚合物
linear polymer
72
体型聚合物
three-dimensional polymer
又称“网络聚合物(network polymer)”、交联聚合物(crosslinked polymer)”。
58
多分散性聚合物
polydisperse polymer, non-uniform polymer
59
高分子共混物
polyblend, polymer blend
60
聚合物-聚合物配合物
polymer-polymer complex
61
聚合物-金属配合物
polymer-metal complex
62
73
活[性]高分子
living polymer
74
反应性聚合物
reactive polymer
75
极性聚合物
polar polymer
76
非极性聚合物
non-polar polymer
77
刚性链聚合物
rigid chain polymer
78
半柔性链聚合物
semi- flexible chain polymer
单股聚合物
single-strand polymer
63
双股聚合物
double-strand polymer
64
多股聚合物
multi-strand polymer
65
链型聚合物
chain polymer
66
碳链聚合物
carbon chain polymer
67
杂链聚合物
heterochain polymer
53
多嵌段共聚物
segmented copolymer
54
杂聚物
heteropolymer
55
恒[组]分共聚物
azeotropic copolymer
56
多组分共聚物
multicomponent copolymer
57
单分散聚合物
monodisperse polymer, uniform polymer
48
嵌段共聚物
block copolymer
又称“嵌段聚合物(block polymer)”。
49
递变嵌段共聚物
tapered block copolymer
50
两亲嵌段共聚物
amphiphilic block copolymer
51
二嵌段共聚物
diblock copolymer
52
三嵌段共聚物
triblock copolymer
isotactic polymer
又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer
又称“有规聚合物”。
31
苏型双全同立构聚合物
threo-diisotactic polymer
32
苏型双间同立构聚合物
threo-disyndiotactic polymer
33
赤型双全同立构聚合物
erythro-diisotactic polymer
34
赤型双间同立构聚合物
erythro-disyndiotactic polymer
tail-to-tail polymer
22
反式有规聚合物
transtactic polymer
23
顺式有规聚合物
cistactic polymer
24
规整聚合物
regular polymer
25
非规整聚合物
irregular polymer
26
无规立构聚合物
atactic polymer
27
全同立构聚合物
telomer
15
预聚物
prepolymer
16
均聚物
homopolymer
17
无规聚合物
random polymer
18
无规卷曲聚合物
random coiling polymer
19
头-头聚合物
head-to-head polymer
20
头-尾聚合物
head-to-tail polymer
21
尾-尾聚合物
35
全同间同等量聚合物
equitactic polymer
36
共聚物
copolymer
37
二元共聚物
binary copolymer
38
三元共聚物
terpolymer
39
多元聚合物
multipolymer
40
序列共聚物
sequential copolymer
41
多层共聚物
multilayer copolymer
84
刷状聚合物
brush polymer
85
线团状聚合物
coilingtype polymer
86
花菜状聚合物
cauliflower polymer
87
螺旋形聚合物
helical polymer
88
锥形共聚物
tapered copolymer
89
梯形聚合物