阅读理解之猜测词义

阅读理解之猜测词义一. 解释:eg：It will be very hard but also very brittle --- that is, it will break easily.eg：Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person’s lung and his heartbeats.◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.◎His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.◎The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.◎We are on the night shift --- working from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.二. 上下文:1. e.g. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.e.g. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very abstemious .◎In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. ◎If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.◎Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.2. e.g. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, but much shorter.e.g. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.e.g. Mr Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.eg：American businessmen expect employees to be punctual. They do not expect that the workers will come late.◎One of symptoms caused by this kind of illness is a high fever.◎Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile, we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid.◎In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.3. e.g. Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.e.g. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.◎Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.三. 构词法:1. With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners 猜一猜:minicar postwar supermarket preview preschool recallirrelativenonstandarddisloyalunlockco-workeroveractivevice presidente.g. We must safeguard the world peace.A protectB careC preventD to keep safe with gunse.g. Don’t listen to his nonsense.A having no meaningB meaningless wordsC humorous speechD not making sense四. 举例子:e.g. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.e.g.I have found Lucy is quite generous, for example, whenever she meets a beggar, she gives some coins to him.五. 常识;eg: Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.eg: When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.1. In old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves a large quantity of dowry.2.Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.3.When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious,because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.Exercises:1. A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce (确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren’t used to t he early hour.49. The underlined phrase “nod off” most probably means “ _______”.A.turn aroundB. agree with othersC. fall asleepD. refuse to work2. A heart-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ask her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt nervous and apprehensive. Late in the afternoon she summoned the courage to approach her employer. To her delight, the boss agreed to a raise.54. The underlined word in the second paragraph most probably means______A. worriedB. eagerC. certainD. afraid3. Each region has a distinctive local flavor. Here, we’d like to introduce the best of Chinese cuisine. Now, there might be Chinese restaurants almost everywhere in the world, but I couldn't think of a better place or time to show the charm of it than at the Beijing Olympics.41. The underlined word in paragraph 1 most probably means______A. cookerB. cookC. foodD. tradition4. A bike tour and race will be held on Aug 26 and 27. At 5:30 am, the riders will leave Tiananmen Square and ride the first 35 km as a training leg. Then the next 55 Km leg from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competition.The underlined word “leg” probably means _______.A. raceB. practiceC. part of the trainingD. part of the tour5. One of the predominant concerns today is the future of our natural resources. This issue is of greatest importance because it is becoming clear to many people that our present resources will not last forever.A.importantB. necessaryC. valuableD. useful巩固练习:1.Albert’s success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence.2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors.4. She didn’t hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.7. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.9. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.10. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.11. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway.12. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.。