高考积极词汇易混词汇精讲100例(修正版)

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高考积极词汇易混词汇精讲100例(修正版)

(本版经过校正修订)

本篇的编写目的:浓缩教材精华,精编涵盖教材考点的要点和习题,使考生不花大量的时间也能掌握教材的精髓。

【高三教材要点】

1.attempt—try ,

attempt和try在表示试图,企图,设法时意思相近。

例如:The second question was so difficult I didn’t even attempt it.

第二个问题非常难,我连试都没试一下。

He attempted to leave,but was stopped.他想离开,但被制止了。

He attempted to escape through a window.他试图越窗逃走。

You should try it again and again.你应该反复努力去做此事。

He tried to answer that question calmly.他试图平静地去回答这个问题。

要注意的是attempt往往强调做难度较大的事,而且较try更为正式。

要注意以下几点:

(1)try to do sth.和try doing sth.的意思不同,try to do sth.的意思是“尽力做某事”、“设法做某事”。

例如:I am trying to finish the work in two weeks.我要设法在两周内完成这项工作。

Try doing sth.的意思是“试着做某事,看看效果如何”。

例如:Try opening the window if you feel hot.如果你觉得热,那么就把窗户打开。

(2)attempt to do sth.和attempt doing sth.均表示试图,企图,设法。

例如:I attempted walking along the rope.我尝试着走绳索。

(3)try用于考验和审判时不用attempt代替。

例如:This will try his courage.这将考验他的勇气。

They tried him and sentenced him to twenty-five years in prison.

他们审判了他,并判他25年徒刑。2.suitable,proper,fit

三个形容词均表示“适当的”、“适合的”。

Suitable 指具有适合于某种特定场合、地位或情况等的品质。

例如:The film is suitable for children.My mother doesn’t like me wearing short skirts to church…she doesn’t think they’re suitable.’

proper往往侧重于符合某个标准或习惯可接受或适合。

例如:In those days it was considered not quite proper for young ladies to be seen talking to men in public.She was very proper。My grandmother—she’d never go out without wearing her hat and g1oves.

在那些日子里,年轻女子如果在公共场合和男子说话是被看作不适当

的。我的祖母很正统如果没有戴帽子和手套。她决不出门。

fit指具有适合于某个目的,某种工作或某种用途等必需的品质或条件。

例如:She’s not fit for the level of responsi—bility she’s been given.

她并不适合赋予她的责任。

另外,fit还可以表示身体健康。

例如:I jog to keep fit.我慢跑以保持健康。

suitable,proper均无此义。’

3.apply

注意apply以下用法:

(1)vi.申请:用于applyto sb.For sth.:

They apply to the government for financial help.他们向政府申请财政援助。

用于apply to do sth.:

Tim’s applied to join the police. Tim申请当警察。

(2)vt.&vi.适用,应用:

How will he apply this knowledge? 他怎样运用这知识?

This rule can be applied to any case.这条规则可适用于任何情况。

Th is rule doesn’t apply to children.这条规则不适用于孩子.4.as引导让步状语从句:

as可以引导让步从句的倒装句。as引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。

Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.

=Though he was a small child,he knew what was the right thing to do.

虽然只是孩子,他仍然知道什么是他该做的事。注意:a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。

b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.(=Though he tries hard,he never seems…)他虽尽了力,但工作总做的不尽人意。5.come up with

come up with是短语动词,它的意思是:

(1)to think of or to suggest a plan or idea,a solution to a problem,or an answer

to a question,即“想出,提出,得出”。

例如:A team of advertisers is hard at work trying to come up with a slogan for the product.一个广告团队正努力工作,力图为这产品设计一个好的广告语。

Experts have failed to come up with an explanation of why the explosion happened.专家仍无法解释爆炸的原因。

(2)to get or produce something which someone needs or which they have asked you for

即“拿出”。例如:Each member of the expedition needs to conle up with£3,000 to fund their trip.这个探险队成员需要每人拿出3000镑用于他们的行程。

We need someone to create a new software program.

Can Bob come up with the goods?(=create what we want)

我们需要有人开发一个新软件鲍伯能干这个活吗? 6.Focus 可用作名词。它的常见用法是:

(1)[c]焦点,焦距;

(2)[U](活动,事件的)焦点。作动词:焦点对准,集中于。搭配是focus on sb./sth.例如:He focuses his anger on me.他把他的怒气集中地发在我身上。7.Concentrate “集中,集中注意力,专注”,常见用法:concentrate on sth./sb.例如:I must concentrate on my new work.我必须把注意力集中到新工作上。

concentrate sb./sth.on sb./sth.

例如:We should concentrate all our efforts on solving the problem.

我们应该集中所有精力解决这个难题。

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