2012高考复习资料之英语难点讲解大全：难点17 独立主格结构

难点17 独立主格结构

英语与汉语在表达习惯上有些不同，独立主格结构便是其中之一。独立主格结构是学习的难点。独立主格结构用作状语，多用来表示行为方式或伴随的情况，也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。

●难点磁场

1.(★★★★) ,they will go and visit the zoo.

A.Weather permitting

B.Weather permitted

C.Weather being permitted

D.Weather having permitted

2.(★★★★)The problem ,they all went home happily.

A.settling

B.to be settled

C.settled

D.to settle

3.(★★★★)A lot of work ,he had no time to talk with us.

A.done

B.to do

C.doing

D.to be doing

●案例探究

1.Everyone________ their seats,the meeting began.

A.taken

B.taking

C.having taken

D.to take

命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作时间状语。此题属五星级题目。

知识依托：名词或代词+现在分词作状语，名词或代词就是分词的逻辑主语。

错解分析：A项taken为过去分词，它与逻辑主语之间逻辑上是被动关系，而此题中everyone与take their seats 应为主动关系。B项强调动作与句子谓语表示的动作同时发生，而此题中应是先就座，后开会，有明显的先后顺序。

解题方法与技巧：①everyone与take their seats是主动关系。

②分词与句子谓语有明显先后顺序。分词应用过完成式。

答案：C

2.He stood there,his hands________ behind.

A.tying

B.tied

C.were tying

D.were tied

命题意图：此题旨在考查独立主格作方式状语。此题属四星级题目。

知识依托：“名词或代词+过去分词”作为独立主格结构作状语。名词/代词与过去分词构成逻辑上的被动关系。

错解分析：D项干扰性最强，但是若选D项，题干为两个独立的简单句，缺少连词，可把句子改为He stood there and his hands were tied behind.

解题方法与技巧：弄清楚名词与分词之间的逻辑关系。

答案：B

3.________,Mother had to stay at home and looked after him.

A.Being ill

B.He was ill

C.Tom being ill

D.To be ill

命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作原因状语。此题属五星级题。

知识依托：名词或代词加现在分词构成的独立主格结构。

错解分析：干扰性最强的选项为A项，A项为现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语应是句子的主语Mother,那和“Mother had to…looked after him”意思不一致了。

解题方法与技巧：掌握分词作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。

答案：C

●锦囊妙计

1.独立主格结构是由一名词或代词（作逻辑主语）加现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语构成，用作状语。

2.名词与现在分词是逻辑上的主动关系，与过去分词是逻辑上的被动关系。

3.掌握分词或分词短语作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。

●歼灭难点训练

1.(★★★★★)________,there is no school.

A.It is Sunday

B.It was Sunday

C.It will be Sunday

D.It being Sunday

2.(★★★★)________,all the students ran out of the classroom.

A.Class was over

B.Class is over

C.Class over

D.When class over

3.(★★★★)________,everything has changed.

A.Time goes on

B.Time going on

C.As time going on

D.With time went on

4.(★★★★)He was lying on the grass,his hands________ under his head.

A.crossing

B.crossed

C.was crossing

D.were crossed

5.(★★★★★)The storm________ their house,they had to live in a cave.

A.destroyed

B.destroying

C.having destroyed

D.being destroyed

6.(★★★★)He entered the room,________.

A.his nose was red with cold

B.and his nose red with cold

C.his nose red with cold

D.his nose been red with cold

7.(★★★★)Here are the first two volumes,the third one________ next month.

A.to come out

ing out

C.will come out

D.having come out

8.(★★★★)All things________,I think we ought to give the job to Mike.

A.considering

B.considered

C.having considered

D.are considered