2015年娄底市双峰县第一中学上学期高一期中考试试卷
湖南省双峰县第一中学高三英语上学期第一次月考试题
湖南省双峰县双峰一中2015-2016学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题满分150分,考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the host of the dinner?A. Frank.B. Pau l.C. The woman.2. Which month is the worst according to the woman?A. May.B. June.C. July.3. What will the woman probably do?A. See a doctor.B. Take some time off work.C. Continue going to work.4. What’s the relationship between the spe akers?A. Boss and clerk.B. Husband and wife.C. Mother and son.5. How much more did the woman pay for her wedding dress than her sister?A. $ 400.B. $ 300.C. $ 100.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers doing today?A. Playing tennis.B. Playing football.C. Playing golf.7. How often does the man play on average?A. Once a month.B. Twice a month.C. Once a week.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
湖南省娄底市双峰一中2015-2016学年高一下学期期中化
2015-2016学年湖南省娄底市双峰一中高一(下)期中化学试卷(文科)一、选择题:(每小题有且只有一个正确答案,每题3分,共60分)1.(3分)(2014春•南雄市校级期末)下列关于F、Cl、Br、I性质的比较,不正确的是()A.它们的原子核外电子层数随核电核数的增加而增多B.被其它卤素单质从其卤化物中置换出来的可能性随核电核数的增加而增大C.它们的氢化物的稳定性随核电核数的增加而增强D.单质的颜色随核电核数的增加而加深2.(3分)(2015春•海南校级期末)放射性同位素钬Ho的原子核内的中子数与核外的电子数之差是()A.32 B.67 C.99 D.1663.(3分)(2014春•越秀区期末)元素周期表中某区域的一些元素多用于制造半导体材料,它们是()A.左、下方区域的金属元素B.金属元素和非金属分界线附近的元素C.右、上方区域的非金属元素D.稀有气体元素4.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)根据元素周期表和元素周期律分析下面的推断,其中错误的是()A.铝的原子失电子能力比镁强B.氟的氢化物很稳定C.水比硫化氢稳定D.氢氧化钠比氢氧化镁的碱性强5.(3分)(2015春•海南校级期末)下列关于化学键的说法不正确的是()A.化学键是一种作用力B.化学键可以使离子相结合,也可以使原子相结合C.化学反应过程中,反应物分子内的化学键断裂,产物分子中的化学键形成D.非极性键不是化学键6.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)某元素X的气态氢化物的化学式为H2X,则X的最高价氧化物的水化物的化学式为()A.H2XO3B.HXO3C.H3XO3D.H2XO47.(3分)(2011•湖南校级学业考试)下列关于物质性质的比较,不正确的是()A.酸性强弱:HIO4>HBrO4>HClO4B.原子半径大小:Na>S>OC.碱性强弱:KOH>NaOH>LiOHD.金属性强弱:Na>Mg>Al8.(3分)(2012•云南校级学业考试)下列说法,错误的是()A.人类目前所直接利用的能量大部分是由化学反应产生的B.煤、石油、天然气是当今世界最重要的三种化石燃料C.我国目前最主要的能源是煤炭D.人体运动所消耗的能量与化学反应无关9.(3分)(2011•天津校级学业考试)下列说法中,错误的是()A.化学反应必然伴随能量变化B.化学变化中的能量变化主要是由化学键变化引起的C.化学反应中的能量变化的大小与反应物的质量多少无关D.能量变化是化学变化的基本特征之一10.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)沼气是有机废弃物在隔绝空气的条件下发酵分解而成的气体,主要成分为甲烷.农村沼气池中发酵后的池底剩余物是很好的沤肥.下面有关结论中,错误的是()A.沼气是一种清洁的能源B.使用沼气做能源是解决农村能源的主要途径C.使用沼气给农民的生活带来了不便D.使用沼气是对化学能的充分利用11.(3分)(2015秋•宁德期末)下列关于充电电池的叙述,不正确的是()A.充电电池的化学反应原理是氧化还原反应B.充电电池可以无限制地反复放电、充电C.充电是使放电时的氧化还原反应逆向进行D.较长时间不使用电器时,最好从电器中取出电池,并妥善存放12.(3分)(2010春•南关区校级期末)关于右图所示装置的叙述错误的是()A.锌是负极,其质量逐渐减小 B.氢离子在铜表面被还原C.电子从锌片经导线流向铜片 D.电流从锌片经导线流向铜片13.(3分)(2010•山东校级学业考试)19世纪中叶,门捷列夫的突出贡献是()A.提出原子学说 B.发现元素周期律C.提出分子学说 D.发现氧气14.(3分)(2015•广州校级模拟)在短周期元素中,原子最外电子层只有1个或2个电子的元素()A.是非金属元素 B.是稀有气体元素C.是金属元素D.无法确认为哪一类元素15.(3分)(2012•天心区校级模拟)某元素原子的原子核外有三个电子层,最外层有4个电子,该原子核内的质子数为()A.14 B.15 C.16 D.1716.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)某元素的气态氢化物符合通式RH3,且其水溶液呈碱性,则R的最高价氧化物的水化物的化学式是()A.HNO3B.H3 PO4C.H2CO3D.H2 SO417.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列物质中含离子键的是()A.Cl2B.CO2C.NaCl D.CH418.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列反应属于吸热反应的是()A.Ba(OH)2•8H2O晶体和NH4Cl混合搅拌B.硫酸与氢氧化钠反应C.锌和盐酸反应D.氢气和氧气的燃烧反应19.(3分)(2015春•扎兰屯市校级期末)对于原电池的电极名称叙述有错误的是()A.发生氧化反应的为负极 B.正极为电子流入的一极C.比较不活泼的金属为负极D.电流的方向由正极到负极20.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列叙述中正确的是()A.电能是二级能源B.水力是二级能源C.天然气是二级能源 D.焦炉气是一级能源二、填空题:(每空2分,共40分)21.(6分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)卤族元素中非金属性最强的是,原子半径最小的是,氧化性最强的是.(填元素符号或化学式)22.(8分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)写出钠和水反应的化学方程式,其中的还原剂是;铝的最高价氧化物对应的水化物的化学式为,呈(填“酸性”“碱性”“两性”).23.(10分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)原子序数分别为1、11、17的三种元素X、Y、Z两两组合的化合物XZ含有的化学键类别为,YZ电子式为,Z元素在周期表中的位置为第周期第族,能否用下面的反应证明Z的非金属性比碳强:2HCl+Na2CO3=NaCl+H2O+CO2↑(填“能”或“否”)24.(6分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)从能量的角度看,断开化学键要能量、形成化学键要能量;一个化学反应是释放能量还是吸收能量取决于反应物的总能量与生成物的总能量的相对.25.(4分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)铁、铜、稀硫酸构成的原电池中,铁做极,其电极反应式为.的一种同位素是测定文物的年代,这种同位素原子的符号是,元素Z的原子结构示意图为;(2)写出Y单质的一种用途.2015-2016学年湖南省娄底市双峰一中高一(下)期中化学试卷(文科)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题:(每小题有且只有一个正确答案,每题3分,共60分)1.(3分)(2014春•南雄市校级期末)下列关于F、Cl、Br、I性质的比较,不正确的是()A.它们的原子核外电子层数随核电核数的增加而增多B.被其它卤素单质从其卤化物中置换出来的可能性随核电核数的增加而增大C.它们的氢化物的稳定性随核电核数的增加而增强D.单质的颜色随核电核数的增加而加深【分析】A、同主族,从上到下,元素原子的电子层数依次增多;B、同主族,从上到下,单质的氧化性逐渐减弱;C、同主族,从上到下,元素氢化物的稳定性逐渐减弱;D、卤素单质的颜色从上到下逐渐加深.【解答】解:A、F、Cl、Br、I的原子核外电子层数随核电核数的增加而增多,故A正确;B、F、Cl、Br、I的核电核数逐渐增多,单质的氧化性逐渐减弱,被其它卤素单质从其卤化物中置换出来的可能性越来越大,故B正确;C、按照F、Cl、Br、I的顺序,核电核数逐渐增加,它们的氢化物的稳定性逐渐减弱,故C错误;D、F2、Cl2、Br2、I2单质的颜色分别是浅黄绿色、黄绿色、深红棕色和紫黑色,即其颜色逐渐加深,故D 正确.故选C.【点评】本题结合卤族元素考查学生元素周期律的知识,可以根据教材知识来回答,难度不大.2.(3分)(2015春•海南校级期末)放射性同位素钬Ho的原子核内的中子数与核外的电子数之差是()A.32 B.67 C.99 D.166【分析】67166Ho中质子数为67,质量数为166,中子数=质量数﹣质子数,核外电子数=核电荷数,据此分析解答.【解答】解:67166Ho中质子数为67,质量数为166,中子数=质量数﹣质子数=166﹣67=99,由题意知核外电子数等于核电荷数为67,该同位素原子核内的中子数与核外电子数之差为:99﹣67=32.故选A.【点评】本题考查质子数、中子数、核外电子数及其相互联系,题目难度不大,明确在原子中:质子数=电子数=核电荷数;质量数=质子数+中子数是解题的关键.3.(3分)(2014春•越秀区期末)元素周期表中某区域的一些元素多用于制造半导体材料,它们是()A.左、下方区域的金属元素B.金属元素和非金属分界线附近的元素C.右、上方区域的非金属元素D.稀有气体元素【分析】用于制造半导体材料的元素既具有金属性又具有非金属性,以此来解答.【解答】解:A、左、下方区域的金属元素的金属性很强,不具有非金属性,故A错误;B、金属元素和非金属分界线附近的元素,既具有金属性又具有非金属性,则可用于制造半导体材料,故B正确;C、右、上方区域的非金属元素的非金属性很强,不具有金属性,故C错误;D、稀有气体元素的单质为气体,性质不活泼,不能用于制造半导体材料,故D错误;故选B.【点评】本题考查元素的性质与元素在周期表中的位置,明确半导体材料具有的性质是解答本题的关键,难度不大.4.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)根据元素周期表和元素周期律分析下面的推断,其中错误的是()A.铝的原子失电子能力比镁强B.氟的氢化物很稳定C.水比硫化氢稳定D.氢氧化钠比氢氧化镁的碱性强【分析】A.同一周期元素,元素的金属性随着原子序数增大而减弱,金属的金属性越强,其失电子能力越强;B.元素的非金属性越强,其氢化物越稳定;C.元素的非金属性越强,其氢化物的稳定性越强;D.元素的金属性越强,其最高价氧化物的水化物碱性越强.【解答】解:A.同一周期元素,元素的金属性随着原子序数增大而减弱,金属的金属性越强,其失电子能力越强,所以金属性Mg>Al,则失电子能力Mg>Al,故A错误;B.元素的非金属性越强,其氢化物越稳定,周期表中非金属性最强的是F元素,则氢化物稳定性越强的是HF,故B正确;C.元素的非金属性越强,其氢化物的稳定性越强,非金属性O>S,所以水比硫化氢的稳定性强,故C正确;D.元素的金属性越强,其最高价氧化物的水化物碱性越强,金属性Na>Mg,所以氢氧化钠比氢氧化镁的碱性强,故D正确;故选A.【点评】本题考查原子结构和元素周期律,为高频考点,明确同一周期、同一主族元素原子结构、元素周期律是解本题关键,注意金属性、非金属性强弱判断方法,题目难度不大.5.(3分)(2015春•海南校级期末)下列关于化学键的说法不正确的是()A.化学键是一种作用力B.化学键可以使离子相结合,也可以使原子相结合C.化学反应过程中,反应物分子内的化学键断裂,产物分子中的化学键形成D.非极性键不是化学键【分析】化学键是相邻原子或离子之间强烈的相互作用,化学键是一种作用力,离子键和共价键、金属键都属于化学键,以此解答该题.【解答】解:A.化学键是相邻原子或离子之间强烈的作用力,故A正确;B.化学键可以是原子之间的作用力,如共价化合物和多原子分子的单质等,也可以是离子之间的作用力,如离子晶体中阴阳离子之间的作用力,故B正确;C.化学反应的实质是旧键的断裂和新键的形成,故C正确;D.非极性键为相同原子之间形成的共价键,属于化学键,故D错误.故选D.【点评】本题考查了化学键的判断,明确化学键的概念是解本题关键,注意化学键中的几个关键词“相邻”、“强烈的相互作用”,题目难度不大.6.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)某元素X的气态氢化物的化学式为H2X,则X的最高价氧化物的水化物的化学式为()A.H2XO3B.HXO3C.H3XO3D.H2XO4【分析】某元素X的气态氢化物的化学式为H2X,在其氢化物中X显﹣2价,则X位于第VIA族,其原子最外层有6个电子,主族元素最外层电子数与其族序数相等,所以X位于第VIA族,主族元素中元素最高化合价与其族序数相等,但O、F元素除外,所以X元素最高正化合价为+6价,根据化合物中各元素化合价的代数和为0确定其最高价氧化物的水化物化学式.【解答】解:某元素X的气态氢化物的化学式为H2X,在其氢化物中X显﹣2价,则X位于第VIA族,其原子最外层有6个电子,主族元素最外层电子数与其族序数相等,所以X位于第VIA族,主族元素中元素最高化合价与其族序数相等,但O、F元素除外,所以X元素最高正化合价为+6价,化合物中各元素化合价的代数和为0,所以其最高价氧化物的水化物化学式为H2XO4,故选D.【点评】本题考查原子结构和元素性质,明确元素化合价与其族序数的关系式是解本题关键,注意规律中的异常现象,题目难度不大.7.(3分)(2011•湖南校级学业考试)下列关于物质性质的比较,不正确的是()A.酸性强弱:HIO4>HBrO4>HClO4B.原子半径大小:Na>S>OC.碱性强弱:KOH>NaOH>LiOHD.金属性强弱:Na>Mg>Al【分析】A、非金属性越强,则最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性越强;B、同周期从左向右原子半径在减小,同主族从上到下原子半径在增大;C、金属性越强,则最高价氧化物对应的水化物的碱性越强;D、同周期从左向右金属性在减弱.【解答】解:A、因非金属性I<Br<Cl,则最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性为HIO4<HBrO4<HClO4,故A不正确;B、同周期从左向右原子半径在减小,则Na>S,同主族从上到下原子半径在增大,则S>O,故B正确;C、金属性K>Na>Li,则最高价氧化物对应的水化物的碱性为KOH>NaOH>LiOH,故C正确;D、Na、Mg、Al都在第三周期,同周期从左向右金属性在减弱,则金属性Na>Mg>Al,故D正确;故选A.【点评】本题考查元素周期律,熟悉元素的性质在同周期、同主族性质的变化规律是解答本题的关键,难度不大.8.(3分)(2012•云南校级学业考试)下列说法,错误的是()A.人类目前所直接利用的能量大部分是由化学反应产生的B.煤、石油、天然气是当今世界最重要的三种化石燃料C.我国目前最主要的能源是煤炭D.人体运动所消耗的能量与化学反应无关【分析】A.当前能源结构中,燃料的燃烧是主要的能量来源;B.煤、石油、天然气均为化石燃料;C.我国煤炭资源丰富;D.人体在运动时发生一系列的化学反应,消耗能量.【解答】解:A.当前能源结构中,燃料的燃烧是主要的能量来源,燃烧反应为放热反应,所以人类目前所直接利用的能量大部分是由化学反应产生的,故A正确;B.煤、石油、天然气均为化石燃料,是当今世界最重要的三种化石燃料,故B正确;C.我国煤炭资源丰富,所以目前最主要的能源是煤炭,故C正确;D.人体在运动时发生一系列的化学反应,消耗能量,如A TP与ADP的相互转化,所以人体运动所消耗的能量与化学反应有关,故D错误;故选D.【点评】本题考查化学反应与能量变化,熟悉生活中的能源及与人类活动有关的能量变化是解答本题的关键,题目难度不大.9.(3分)(2011•天津校级学业考试)下列说法中,错误的是()A.化学反应必然伴随能量变化B.化学变化中的能量变化主要是由化学键变化引起的C.化学反应中的能量变化的大小与反应物的质量多少无关D.能量变化是化学变化的基本特征之一【分析】从化学反应的实质及能量变化与化学键的关系来分析解答.【解答】解:化学反应的本质是旧化学键的断裂和新化学键的形成,断键吸收能量,成键放出能量,所以能量变化是化学变化的基本特征之一,化学变化中的能量变化主要是由化学键变化引起的,化学反应必然伴随能量变化,能量变化的大小与反应物的质量成正比.故选C.【点评】化学反应中只要有旧键的断裂和新键的形成就一定有能量的变化.10.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)沼气是有机废弃物在隔绝空气的条件下发酵分解而成的气体,主要成分为甲烷.农村沼气池中发酵后的池底剩余物是很好的沤肥.下面有关结论中,错误的是()A.沼气是一种清洁的能源B.使用沼气做能源是解决农村能源的主要途径C.使用沼气给农民的生活带来了不便D.使用沼气是对化学能的充分利用【分析】A.沼气是清洁能源;B.沼气可以做为燃料,也可用于照明;C.池底剩余物可以用作肥料;D.使用沼气是化学能转化为热能.【解答】解:A.沼气是清洁能源,无污染,可以减少化石能源的使用,故A正确;B.沼气是清洁能源,无污染,可以减少化石能源的使用,是解决农村能源的主要途径,故B正确;C.池底剩余物可以用作肥料,不会给生活带来不便,故C错误;D.使用沼气是化学能转化为热能,是对化学能的充分利用,故D正确.故选C.【点评】本题考查使用化石燃料的利弊及新能源的开发,题目难度不大,注意生物质能是由太阳能产生的,是间接利用太阳能.11.(3分)(2015秋•宁德期末)下列关于充电电池的叙述,不正确的是()A.充电电池的化学反应原理是氧化还原反应B.充电电池可以无限制地反复放电、充电C.充电是使放电时的氧化还原反应逆向进行D.较长时间不使用电器时,最好从电器中取出电池,并妥善存放【分析】A.充电电池的化学反应都必须有电子转移;B.充电电池不能无限制的反复充电、放电;C.充电时,阴极、阳极反应式是放电时负极、正极反应式的逆反应;D.较长时间不使用电器时,最好从电器中取出电池,并妥善存放,否则会缩短电池寿命.【解答】解:A.充放电的化学反应有电子转移,所以必须是氧化还原反应,故A正确;B.充电电池的使用有一定年限,所以不能无限制的反复充电、放电,故B错误;C.充电时,阴极、阳极反应式是放电时负极、正极反应式的逆反应,所以充电是使放电时的氧化还原反应逆向进行,故C正确;D.用电器较长时期内不再使用,最好将电池取出并放于低温,干燥的地方,如果不这样,即使用电器被关掉,系统仍会使电池有一个低电流输出,这会缩短电池的使用寿命,故D正确;故选B.【点评】本题考查原电池和电解池原理,侧重考查学生对生活知识的了解,会运用化学知识解释生活现象,合理利用电池,减少浪费.12.(3分)(2010春•南关区校级期末)关于右图所示装置的叙述错误的是()A.锌是负极,其质量逐渐减小 B.氢离子在铜表面被还原C.电子从锌片经导线流向铜片 D.电流从锌片经导线流向铜片【分析】该原电池中,较活泼的金属锌作负极,负极上失电子生成锌离子进入溶液;较不活泼的金属铜作正极,正极上氢离子得电子生成氢气;电子从负极沿导线流向正极,电流流向和电子流向相反,据此分析.【解答】解:A、锌是负极,锌失电子生成锌离子进入溶液,所以质量逐渐减小,故A正确;B、铜是正极,正极上氢离子得电子发生还原反应生成氢气,所以氢离子在铜表面被还原,故B正确;C、电子从负极沿导线流向正极,所以电子从锌片经导线流向铜片,故C正确;D、电流流向和电子流向相反,所以电流流向是从铜片沿导线流向锌片,故D错误;故选D.【点评】本题考查了原电池原理,难度不大,难点是判断溶液中阴阳离子的移动方向.13.(3分)(2010•山东校级学业考试)19世纪中叶,门捷列夫的突出贡献是()A.提出原子学说 B.发现元素周期律C.提出分子学说 D.发现氧气【分析】1869年,俄国化学家门捷列夫发现了元素周期律,并编制出元素周期表,使得化学学习和研究变得有规律可循.【解答】解:A.道尔顿提出了近代原子学说,故A错误;B.1869年,俄国化学家门捷列夫发现了元素周期律,故B正确;C.阿佛加德罗提出了分子学说,故C错误;D.拉瓦锡发现氧气,故D错误.故选B.【点评】本题考查化学史,熟记化学发展史中各科学家所作出的巨大贡献即可解答,较简单.14.(3分)(2015•广州校级模拟)在短周期元素中,原子最外电子层只有1个或2个电子的元素()A.是非金属元素 B.是稀有气体元素C.是金属元素D.无法确认为哪一类元素【分析】列举出周期表中最外层电子数是1个或2个的元素进行判断.【解答】解:最外层电子数是1个或2个的元素有:第一主族元素(包含H元素,碱金属元素);第二主族元素(碱土金属元素);稀有气体元素中的He元素,故选:D.【点评】本题难度不是很大,主要考查了原子的定义与构成的有关知识,从而培养学生分析问题的能力.15.(3分)(2012•天心区校级模拟)某元素原子的原子核外有三个电子层,最外层有4个电子,该原子核内的质子数为()A.14 B.15 C.16 D.17【分析】元素原子的原子核外有三个电子层,最外层有4个电子,由电子排布规律可知原子的电子数,电子数=质子数.【解答】解:因元素原子的原子核外有三个电子层,最外层有4个电子,第一层电子数只能为2,第二层电子数只能为8,第三层(最外层)电子数为4,则原子核外电子数为2+8+4=14,所以质子数为14,故选A.【点评】本题考查原子的结构和原子的质子数,明确电子排布规律即可解答,难度不大.16.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)某元素的气态氢化物符合通式RH3,且其水溶液呈碱性,则R的最高价氧化物的水化物的化学式是()A.HNO3B.H3 PO4C.H2CO3D.H2 SO4【分析】R的气态氢化物为RH3,氢化物中R元素最低负化合价为﹣3,则R元素最高正化合价为8﹣3=+5,处于V A族,结合硝酸、磷酸化学式判断.【解答】解:R的气态氢化物为RH3,氢化物中R元素最低负化合价为﹣3,则R元素最高正化合价为8﹣3=+5,处于V A族,R的最高价氧化物的水化物化学式是HRO3或H3RO4,故选AB.【点评】本题考查学生元素周期律的应用知识,难度不大,注意把握主族元素最高正价与最低负价的关系.17.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列物质中含离子键的是()A.Cl2B.CO2C.NaCl D.CH4【分析】一般金属元素与非金属元素之间形成离子键,非金属元素与非金属元素之间形成共价键,以此来解答.【解答】解:A、Cl2分子中氯原子和氯原子之间以非极性共价键结合,故A错误.B、CO2分子中碳原子和氧原子之间以极性共价键结合,故B错误.C、NaCl中钠离子和氯离子之间以离子键结合,故C正确.D、CH4中碳原子和氢原子之间以极性共价键结合,故D错误.故选C.【点评】本题考查了离子键的判断,难度不大,明确一般金属元素与非金属元素之间形成离子键,非金属元素与非金属元素之间形成共价键.18.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列反应属于吸热反应的是()A.Ba(OH)2•8H2O晶体和NH4Cl混合搅拌B.硫酸与氢氧化钠反应C.锌和盐酸反应D.氢气和氧气的燃烧反应【分析】根据常见的放热反应有:所有的物质燃烧、金属与酸或水反应、中和反应、铝热反应、绝大多数化合反应等;常见的吸热反应有:绝大数分解反应,个别的化合反应(如C和CO2),Ba(OH)2•8H2O与氯化铵的反应.【解答】解:A.Ba(OH)2•8H2O晶体和NH4Cl混合反应,是吸热反应,故A正确;B.硫酸与氢氧化钠反应是中和反应,属于放热反应,故B错误;C.锌和盐酸反应是活泼金属与酸的反应,属于放热反应,故C错误;D.所有的燃烧反应都属于放热反应,故D错误;故选A.【点评】本题考查吸热反应和放热反应,难度不大,明确常见的吸热反应和放热反应类型是解题的关键,注意基础知识的积累.19.(3分)(2015春•扎兰屯市校级期末)对于原电池的电极名称叙述有错误的是()A.发生氧化反应的为负极 B.正极为电子流入的一极C.比较不活泼的金属为负极D.电流的方向由正极到负极【分析】原电池中,得电子发生还原反应的电极是正极,失电子发生氧化反应的电极是负极,电流从正极沿导线流向负极,电子与电流流向相反,溶液中阳离子向正极移动.【解答】解:A.失电子发生氧化反应的电极是负极,所以负极上发生氧化反应,故A正确;B.负极上失电子,正极上得电子,所以外电路中电子从负极沿导线流向正极,则正极为电子流入的一极,故B正确;C.原电池中两个电极为活泼性不同的金属时,较不活泼的金属作正极,故C错误;D.电流的方向与电子的流向相反,电流的方向由正极到负极,故D正确.故选C.【点评】本题考查了原电池正负极的判断,为高频考点,其判断方法有:电子的流向、电流的流向、电极上得失电子、电极上发生反应类型、电解质溶液中阴阳离子移动方向等,题目难度不大.20.(3分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)下列叙述中正确的是()A.电能是二级能源B.水力是二级能源C.天然气是二级能源 D.焦炉气是一级能源【分析】根据能源的分类知识判断,自然界中以现成形式提供的能源称为一级能源,需要依靠他能源的能量间接制取的能源称为二级能源.【解答】解:A、电能是通过物质燃烧放热转化成的,或是由风能、水能、核能等转化来的,为二级能源,故A正确;B、水力是自然界中以现成形式提供的能源,为一级能源,故B错误;C、天然气可以从自然界直接获得,为一级能源,故C错误;D、焦炉气不能从自然界直接获得,属于二级能源,故D错误.故选:A.【点评】本题主要考查一级能源和二级能源的定义,属于识记性内容,难度不大,注意基础知识的积累.二、填空题:(每空2分,共40分)21.(6分)(2016春•娄底校级期中)卤族元素中非金属性最强的是F,原子半径最小的是F,氧化性最强的是F2.(填元素符号或化学式)【分析】同主族元素从上到下金属性(氧化性)依次增强,非金属性依次减弱;原子半径从上到下依次增大,据此回答.【解答】解:卤族元素从上到下金属性(氧化性)依次增强,非金属性依次减弱,非金属性最强的是F,氧化性最强的是F2,原子半径从上到下依次增大,原子半径最小的是F.故答案为:F;F;F2.【点评】本题以卤素为例考查了同主族元素原子间性质的递变规律,难度不大,注意基础知识的积累.。
湖南省娄底市2014-2015学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题 Word版含答案
湖南省娄底市2014-2015学年上学期高一期中考试英语题卷时量:120分钟满分:120分Part 1 Listening Comprehension (20 marks)SECTION AConversation 11.What will the man do in Los Angeles?A. Meet his lawyerB. Attend a ceremonyC. Visit the woman2. When will the speakers meet?A. On Oct. 18thB. On Oct. 21stC. On Oct. 22nd Conversation 23.Where does the conversation take place?A. In a hotelB. In a restaurantC. In a booking office4. How much should the man pay?A. 220 dollarsB. 212 dollarsC. 112 dollars Conversation 35.Who is in the hospital?A. JimB. DavidC. Tina6. How long did the operation last?A. Three hoursB. Two hoursC. One hour Conversation 47.What is the man complaining about?A. He didn’t sleep well last night.B. He was shouted at by his boss.C.He is annoyed by someone’s shouting.8.Why is Bernard in a bad mood according to the woman?A.He is in bad health.B.He had a fight with his neighbor.C.He had to go to the office by subway today.9.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Manager and secretary.B. colleagues.C. Husband and wife. Conversation 510. What does the man think of the tea the woman makes?A. It’s good.B. It’s bad.C. It’s ordinary.11. What’s the most important thing for making a pot of tea?A. Having a china teapot.B. Washing the teapot with hot water.C. Pouring the boiling water over the tea.12. How long should you wait to drink the tea?A. At most two minutes.B. At least five minutes.C. About ten minutes.Conversation 613. Which place is the woman looking for?A. The Students’ Dining Hall.B. The Teaching Building.C. The Student Apartments.14. When will the woman go to the League Office?A. This afternoon.B. This evening.C. Tomorrow morning.15. Where is the League Office?A. In the Teaching Building.B. In the School Clinic Building.C. In the Students’ Dining Hall.SECTION BDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. You will hear thePART TWO: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE (35 marks)SECTION A (15 marks)21. Some people think that _______ to the gym every week will help them keep fit.A. goneB. goingC. goD. goes22. Lisa _________ eat lots of desserts after supper , so she was very fat then.A. used toB. was used toC. got used toD. had been used to23. Can you tell me the name of the factory _____ you visited last week?A. whatB. whereC. /D. when24.Mr. Black is an _____ teacher with 20 years of teaching _____.A. experienced; experiencesB.experience; experiencedC.experience; experiencesD.experienced; experience25.--- No smoking in our factory, sir.---it might cause fire.--- Oh, I ____ that. Sorry, I won’t do it again.A. don’t knowB. didn’t knowC. won’t knowD. haven’t known26. You should go to see him when he is so seriously ill. ____, he is your brother.A. In allB. After allC. At allD. Above all27. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her.A. /B. in thatC. whichD. of which28. Mr. White, along with his secretaries, _____ on the project around the clock tomeet the deadline at present.A. workB. is workingC. are workingD. has worked29. I can never forget the day _____ we worked together and the day _____ wespent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when30. This kind of fruit ____ large amounts of vitamin, _____ vitamin C.A. Includes; includingB. takes; containingC. holds; includedD. contains; including31. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____arehealthy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom32.With all the clothes ___, Jane went to see her grandfather in hospital.A. washedB. washingC. being washedD. to be washed33.As a general rule, you are forbidden ____ in public places.A. smokingB. to smokeC. not to smokeD. not smoking34.Although Tom insisted that he ____ very busy, I insisted that he ___ present atmy birthday party next week.A. was; will beB. be; beC. was ; beD. be; will be35. Physics is the subject in our school ____ every student is interested.A. thatB. whichC. to whichD. in whichSection B (12 marks)My parents used to tell me how important school was for me, but I didn’t think so. I paid little attention to it. But one thing let me finally 36 what my parents meant.One day, when I walked past a mobile phone store, I saw an advertisement on its door. It was hiring new workers!“Sir, are you hiring people?” I went 37 the shop and asked. “Yes, but you should be the man who we need.” the manager answered. He looked at me fora few seconds from head to foot. “Do you have a high school diploma(文凭)?”38 he. “Or do you have any work experience?”I felt so ashamed and 39 that I didn’t know what to say, so I just turned around and left.I could not fall asleep that night, and I thought a lot about my 40 . “I must go to school or I can’t do anything without a good education.” I 41 to myself silently. I never went back to the store again before I finished my study and got a diploma.42 looked the same when I returned to the store: the same people and the same design. However, compared with last time, I had more 43 . The manager told me they needed new 44 , so it was a great chance for me.I 45 my diploma to the manager. He looked at it and said, “Great, you are in.”Now I am still working in the same store. With this experience, I always 46 people to attend school. Education helps you have a brigh t future because I’m still 47 in my spare time.36. A. realize B. remember C. wonder D. imagine37. A. out of B. into C. away from D. onto38. A. continued B. answered C. warned D. reported39. A. uncomfortable B. impolite C. unkind D. impatient40. A. hobbies B. future C. parents D. manager41. A. shouted B. listened C. said D. cried42. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Nobody D. Everybody43. A. grade B. luck C. confidence D. pleasure44. A. volunteers B. teachers C. students D. workers45. A. sold B. showed C. sent D. shook46. A. teach B. allow C. order D. advise47. A. learning B. working C. playing D. chattingSection C (8 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Most Americans don’t like to get advice 48___________members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. 49_______ they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know. Instead, many of 50_________ write letters to newspapers and magazines that give advice 51____ many different subjects, including family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on 52_________ to buy a house or a car.Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people 53_________ are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors; 54__________ are lawyers or educators. But two of the 55_______ famous writers of advice are women without special training for this kind of work.PartⅢ Reading Comprehension(30 marks)APeople from other countries will find many different surprising things in Britain.Greek: A man from Greece sees a special way of driving in Britain. People drive on the left in the British street, but the British people never feel surprised. The Greek man said, “I’ve been in Britain for nearly a month now. But at first, Icouldn’t always remember to drive on the left. Every time, my friend reminded me.”Japanese: Japanese people can’t understand why British people keep t heir shoes on at home. In Japan, people walk in the room without shoes. If visitor keeps his shoes on at home in Japan, the Japanese people think he is very impolite.Spanish: The Spanish people mind the way that the British people greet each other. They themselves seem to be afraid of touching(接触).When they meet, they just smile or nod but never kiss or hug(拥抱)in Spain. But the British people think kissing is a very usual greeting when they meet!There is an old saying, “When in Rome, do as Romans do.” Whe n we go to a foreign country, we should follow the etiquette (礼节) of country.56. The Greek visitor________.A. always drives on the leftB. used to drive on the leftC. drove correctly in Britain with his friend’s helpD. we don’t know57.______think it’s impolite to wear shoes at home.A. The JapaneseB. The GreekC. The EnglishD. The Spanish58. When greeting, the Spanish _______.A. kiss each otherB. hug each otherC. smile at each other D not mentioned59. _____seem not to be afraid of touching each other.A. The SpanishB. The BritishC. The JapaneseD. The Greek60. Etiquette in the world______.A. is the sameB. is importantC. is sometimes different and interestingD. is totally differentBInternational students in Christine Rhodes’ English class in Australia share their favorite places they have visited in Australia.∙Canberra, the nicest city in Australia.Siggi Siebold from GermanyI went for a short holiday to Canberra because my son lives there. It’s the nicest city in Australia, a little bit similar to Cairns. There’re lots of big rivers and trees around the city.∙The small city of Mount IsaIndra Ekanayake from MalaysiaI came to Mount Isa six months ago. It’s a long way from Brisbane-about 2,000 km .It’s a small city, with a population of 21,000, but it has all the basic facilities(设施)such as a hospital, six schools and supermarkets. It’s a mining city. It’s hot and gets little rain. There’re two big lakes to keep the rainwater for drinking for the city.∙Lake Moondarra and a mineIda Robb from IndonesiaIn Mount Isa, there’s a dam called Lake Moondarra. On the weekend you can go there with your friends. People go fishing and even catch a crocodile. There’s a big mine in Mount Isa. Many people come to work in the mine and earn much money. It isn’t a beautifu l green place, but many people love it.∙My impression(印象)of SydneyNamfon Pitaxsin from ThailandThe fist time I came to Australia, I was happy. I traveled to Sydney. Four million people live there ,and many are Asians. I saw the harbor (港口),Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Opera House and I went to see the koalas and kangaroos in Taronga Park Zoo. After that I went to the Thai restaurants. There is a revolving (旋转的) restaurant, so you can eat and see the city.61. Why did Siggi Siebold go to Canberra?A. Because it’s the nicest city in Australia.B. Because her son lives thereC. Because it is similar to her hometownD. Because there’re lots of rivers62. According to Indra Ekanayake, Mount Isa______A. is a famous harbor in AusraliaB. has a large populationC. probably doesn’t have enough drinking waterD. doesn’t have enough basic facilities63. Where is Lake Moondarra?A. In Canberra.B. In Mount Isa.C. In Brisbane.D. In Sydney64. The first time Namfon Pitaxsin went to Australia, she________A. saw some special Australian animalsB. met more Americans than AsiansC. ate in a revolving restaurantD. enjoyed the music in the Opera House65.How many cities does the passage mainly talk about?A. TwoB. ThreeC. Four.D. FiveCMy wife and I stayed in London for a few weeks last year. We went there in autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors in October.We stayed in a small restaurant in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre. We don't have the chance to see such good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are French or Chinese, but we had some very good meals.We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas. I'm sure we'll need them sometimes.66. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means _________.A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too much moneyB. prices were high in EnglandC. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lotD. they liked to go shopping with lots of money67. They didn't have the chance to see such good plays_________.A. in their small restaurantB. in their home townC. in FranceD. in England68. You can get _______ in a restaurant.A. mealsB. clothesC. booksD. cakes69. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in LondonB. it often rains in LondonC. the English people like to bring umbrellas with themD. the English people protect (保护) themselves with umbrella70. The two visitors came from________.A. EnglandB. FranceC. AmericaD. a country we don't knowPart Ⅳ Writing(35 marks)Section A(10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. You can shop for just aboutanything from your armchair. All you need is a computer which is linked to the Internet.People can shop for different kinds of products on the Internet. Physical products(产品) include items such as books, CDs, clothes and foods. You can also buy information products such as on-line news or magazine stories, or you can download computer software through the Internet. Services such as booking airline tickets, reserving(预订) hotels or renting cars are also available on the Internet. You can also go shopping on the Internet for entertainment services such as on-line games or e-mail “chats”.To find something on the Internet, people often use powerful computer tools called “search engines”. You can search for a type of product, such as sports shoes, or a brand name, such as Nike. The search engine will give you a list of websites where you can find these products. These websites may be specialist shops such as a Nike shop, or they may be general stores, called malls, which sell a variety of goods.The main disadvantage of Internet shopping is that you can not actually see the products you are buying or check their quality. Also, many people enjoy shopping in the city and miss the opportunity to talk to friends. Some people are worried about paying for goods using credit cards(信用卡), so Internet companies are now finding ways to make on-line payment safe.Internet shopping is sure to become more and more popular in the years ahead. It promises to change the way we buy all kinds of things ---- from tonight’s dinner to a new car.71 _____________Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Many everyday American expressions are based on colors.Red is a hot color. Americans often use it to express heat. They may say they are red hot about something unfair. When they are red hot,they are very angry about something.People sometimes say they are in the pink when they are in good health.Theexpression was first used in America at the beginning of the 20th century. It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color that shows that they are in good health.Blue is a cool color. The traditional blues music in the United States is the opposite(相反的) of red hot music. Blues is slow and sad. Someone who is blue is very sad.The color green is natural for trees and grass. But it is an unnatural color for humans. A person who has a sick feeling stomach may say she feels a little green. A passenger on a boat who is feeling very sick from high waves may look very green.People describe a day in which everything goes wrong as a black day. The date of a major tragedy is remembered as a black day. Blackouts were coming during World War II.81. What color will people use when they feel unfair and angry? (no more than 3 words)(2 marks)_________________________________________________________82.When do people use pink color?(no more than 6 words.) ( 2 marks)_________________________________________________________83. What’s the real meaning of the underlined phrase “red hot music” in English?(no more than 5 words) (3 marks)_________________________________________________________84.What is the main idea of the passage?(no more than 8 words) ( 3 marks)__________________________________________________________第二节书面表达(15 marks)为促进我校师生的英语学习,我们将举办英语晚会,请你以学生会的名义写一张英语海报,欢迎全校师生参加。
【精编】2014-2015年湖南省娄底市新化一中高一(上)数学期中试卷带解析答案
2014-2015学年湖南省娄底市新化一中高一(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题(本大题10小题,每小题5分,共50分,在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求)1.(5分)下列关系式正确的是()A.∈Q B.{2}={x|x2=2x}C.{a,b}={b,a}D.Φ∈{2006}2.(5分)设集合A={1,3},集合B={1,2,4,5},则集合A∪B=()A.{1,3,1,2,4,5}B.{1}C.{1,2,3,4,5}D.{2,3,4,5} 3.(5分)函数y=log(x﹣3)的定义域为()A.(3,+∞)B.[3,+∞)C.(﹣∞,3)D.(﹣∞,3]4.(5分)函数y=(m2+2m﹣2)x是幂函数,则m=()A.1 B.﹣3 C.﹣3或1 D.25.(5分)•等于()A.﹣B.﹣C. D.6.(5分)已知log2m=2.013,log2n=1.013,则等于()A.2 B.C.10 D.7.(5分)下列函数中,图象关于y轴对称的是()A.y=log2x B.y=C.y=x|x|D.y=x8.(5分)下列各式中错误的是()A.30.9>30.8B.log0.50.4>log0.50.5C.0.65﹣0.1<0.650.1D.3<29.(5分)已知函数f(x)是偶函数,且定义域为R,若x>0时,f(x)=x+2,则函数f(﹣1)等于()A.1 B.3 C.﹣3 D.﹣110.(5分)设函数,已知f(a)>1,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣2,1)B.(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(1,+∞)C.(1,+∞)D.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(0,+∞)二、填空题(本大题共5小题,共25分,请把正确答案填在题中的横线上)11.(5分)函数y=()x+3的值域是.12.(5分)函数y=log a(x﹣1)+2的图象恒过定点,这个定点的坐标为.13.(5分)计算=.14.(5分)奇函数f(x)在[3,6]上是增函数,在区间[3,6]上的最大值为8,最小值为﹣1,则2f(﹣6)+f(﹣3)=.15.(5分)定义:区间[x1,x2](x1<x2)的长度为x2﹣x1,已知函数y=2|x|的定义域为[a,b],值域为[1,2],则区间[a,b]的长度的最大值与最小值的差为.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分,解答时写出必要的文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)16.(12分)设集合A={x|3≤x<7},B={x|2<x<7}.求:(1)A∪B;(2)(∁R A)∩B.17.(12分)设f(x)=ax2+(b﹣8)x﹣a﹣ab的图象与x轴的两个交点为(﹣3,0),(2,0)(1)求f(x);(2)当函数f(x)的定义域为[0,2]时,求f(x)的值域.18.(12分)已知函数f(x)=log3(ax+b)的图象经过点A(2,1)、B(5,2),(1)求函数f(x)的解析式及定义域;(2)求的值.19.(13分)设f(x)=2a x﹣5(a>0且a≠1)在[﹣1,2]上的最大值为3(1)求a的值;(2)当a>1时,求f(x)在(﹣∞,0)上的值域.20.(13分)函数f(x)=log a(a x﹣1)(a>0,且a≠1)(1)求f(x)的定义域;(2)求f(x)的单调区间;(3)求f(x)>1的解集.21.(13分)已知f(x)=log a是奇函数(a>0且a≠1)(1)求m的值;(2)当0<a<1时,判断f(x)在区间(1,+∞)上的单调性并用定义证明;(3)当a>1时,x∈(r,a﹣2)时,f(x)的值域是(1,+∞),求a与r的值.2014-2015学年湖南省娄底市新化一中高一(上)期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本大题10小题,每小题5分,共50分,在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求)1.(5分)下列关系式正确的是()A.∈Q B.{2}={x|x2=2x}C.{a,b}={b,a}D.Φ∈{2006}【解答】解:选项A:∉Q,选项B:{x|x2=2x}={0,2},故不相等,选项C:正确,选项D:Φ⊆{2006},故选:C.2.(5分)设集合A={1,3},集合B={1,2,4,5},则集合A∪B=()A.{1,3,1,2,4,5}B.{1}C.{1,2,3,4,5}D.{2,3,4,5}【解答】解:∵集合A={1,3},集合B={1,2,4,5},∴集合A∪B={1,2,3,4,5}.故选:C.3.(5分)函数y=log(x﹣3)的定义域为()A.(3,+∞)B.[3,+∞)C.(﹣∞,3)D.(﹣∞,3]【解答】解:函数y=log(x﹣3)有意义必须x﹣3>0即:x>3故选:A.4.(5分)函数y=(m2+2m﹣2)x是幂函数,则m=()A.1 B.﹣3 C.﹣3或1 D.2【解答】解:∵函数y=(m2+2m﹣2)x是幂函数,∴m2+2m﹣2=1,m﹣1≠0,解得m=﹣3.故选:B.5.(5分)•等于()A.﹣B.﹣C. D.【解答】解:•===.故选:D.6.(5分)已知log2m=2.013,log2n=1.013,则等于()A.2 B.C.10 D.【解答】解:∵log2n﹣log2m=log2=1.013﹣2.013=﹣1,∴.故选:B.7.(5分)下列函数中,图象关于y轴对称的是()A.y=log2x B.y=C.y=x|x|D.y=x【解答】解:由题意,因为偶函数图象关于y轴对称,所以在选项中选择偶函数即可;对于选项A,B,函数的定义域关于原点不对称,是非奇非偶的函数;对于选项C,﹣x|﹣x|=﹣x|x|,是奇函数;对于选项D,,显然是偶函数;故选:D.8.(5分)下列各式中错误的是()A.30.9>30.8B.log0.50.4>log0.50.5C.0.65﹣0.1<0.650.1D.3<2【解答】解:A.∵指数函数y=3x在R上单调递增,∴30.9>30.8,正确;B.∵对数函数y=log0.5x在(0,+∞)上单调递减,∴log0.50.4>log0.50.5,正确;C.∵指数函数y=0.65x在R上单调递减,∴0.65﹣0.1>0.650.1,因此错误;D.考察幂函数在在(0,+∞)上单调递减,∴<,正确.故选:C.9.(5分)已知函数f(x)是偶函数,且定义域为R,若x>0时,f(x)=x+2,则函数f(﹣1)等于()A.1 B.3 C.﹣3 D.﹣1【解答】解:∵函数f(x)是偶函数,∴f(﹣x)=f(x),∵若x>0时,f(x)=x+2,∴f(﹣1)=f(1)=1+2=3,故选:B.10.(5分)设函数,已知f(a)>1,则实数a的取值范围是()A.(﹣2,1)B.(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(1,+∞)C.(1,+∞)D.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(0,+∞)【解答】解:∵f(x)=,f(a)>1,∴当a≤0时,()a﹣3>1,即>4,解得a<﹣2;当a>0时,,解得a>1.∴实数a的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(1,+∞).故选:B.二、填空题(本大题共5小题,共25分,请把正确答案填在题中的横线上)11.(5分)函数y=()x+3的值域是(3,+∞).【解答】解:∵()x>0,∴()x+3>3,故函数y=()x+3的值域是(3,+∞).故答案为:(3,+∞).12.(5分)函数y=log a(x﹣1)+2的图象恒过定点,这个定点的坐标为(2,2).【解答】解:∵log a1=0,∴当x﹣1=1,即x=2时,y=2,则函数y=log a(x﹣1)+1的图象恒过定点(2,2).故答案为:(2,2).13.(5分)计算=1.【解答】解:原式===1.故答案为:1.14.(5分)奇函数f(x)在[3,6]上是增函数,在区间[3,6]上的最大值为8,最小值为﹣1,则2f(﹣6)+f(﹣3)=﹣15.【解答】解:由题意f(x)在区间[3,6]上是增函数,在区间[3,6]上的最大值为8,最小值为﹣1,得f(3)=﹣1,f(6)=8,∵f(x)是奇函数,∴f(﹣3)+2f(﹣6)=﹣f(3)﹣2f(6)=1﹣2×8=﹣15.故答案为:﹣15.15.(5分)定义:区间[x1,x2](x1<x2)的长度为x2﹣x1,已知函数y=2|x|的定义域为[a,b],值域为[1,2],则区间[a,b]的长度的最大值与最小值的差为1.【解答】解:若2|x|=1,则x=0.若2|x|=2,则x=1或x=﹣1,∵函数y=2|x|的定义域为[a,b],值域为[1,2],∴若a=﹣1,则0≤b≤1,若b=1,则﹣1≤a≤0,即当a=﹣1,b=0或a=0,b=1时,b﹣a最小为1,当a=﹣1,b=1时,b﹣a的值最大为1﹣(﹣1)=2,故区间[a,b]的长度的最大值与最小值的差为2﹣1=1,故答案为:1三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分,解答时写出必要的文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)16.(12分)设集合A={x|3≤x<7},B={x|2<x<7}.求:(1)A∪B;(2)(∁R A)∩B.【解答】解:(1)A∪B={x|3≤x<7}∪{x|2<x<7}={x|3≤x<7};(2)由集合A={x|3≤x<7}得,∁R A={x|x<3或x≥7},又B={x|2<x<7},所以(∁R A)∩B={x|2<x<3}.17.(12分)设f(x)=ax2+(b﹣8)x﹣a﹣ab的图象与x轴的两个交点为(﹣3,0),(2,0)(1)求f(x);(2)当函数f(x)的定义域为[0,2]时,求f(x)的值域.【解答】解:(1)∵函数f(x)=ax2+(b﹣8)x﹣a﹣ab的图象与x轴的交点的横坐标分别是﹣3和2,∴﹣3和2为方程ax2+(b﹣8)x﹣a﹣ab=0的两个根,∴,解得,∴f(x)=﹣3x2﹣3x+18;(2)由(1)知,f(x)=﹣3x2﹣3x+18,∵函数f(x)的定义域是[0,2],∴x∈[0,2],f(x)=﹣3x2﹣3x+18=﹣3(x+)2+,对称轴x=﹣,则区间[0,2]在对称轴的右边,为减区间,∴当x=2时,f(x)取得最小值0,当x=0时,f(x)取得最大值18,∴函数f(x)的值域为[0,18].18.(12分)已知函数f(x)=log3(ax+b)的图象经过点A(2,1)、B(5,2),(1)求函数f(x)的解析式及定义域;(2)求的值.【解答】解:(1)因为函数f(x)=log3(ax+b)的图象经过点A(2,1)、B(5,2),所以,即,所以,解得.所以f(x)=log3(2x﹣1),定义域为(,+∞).(2)f(14)÷f()=log 327÷=3÷=6.19.(13分)设f(x)=2a x﹣5(a>0且a≠1)在[﹣1,2]上的最大值为3(1)求a的值;(2)当a>1时,求f(x)在(﹣∞,0)上的值域.【解答】解:(1)当0<a<1时,函数在区间[﹣1,2]内是递减函数,因此当x=﹣1时,y取最大值,即2a﹣1﹣5=3,解得a=,当a>1时,函数y在区间[﹣1,2]内是递增函数,因此当x=2时,y取最大值,即2a2﹣5=3,解得a=2,综上所述,a=或2.(2)由(1)可知,a>1时,a=2,函数为y=2×2x﹣5,且在(﹣∞,0)上单调递增,值域为(﹣∞,﹣3).20.(13分)函数f(x)=log a(a x﹣1)(a>0,且a≠1)(1)求f(x)的定义域;(2)求f(x)的单调区间;(3)求f(x)>1的解集.【解答】解:(1)由对数的定义可得,a x﹣1>0,当a>1时,a x>1解得,x>0;当0<a<1时,a x>1解得x<0.则a>1的定义域为(0,+∞),0<a<1的定义域为(﹣∞,0);(2)令t=a x﹣1,则y=log a t,当a>1时,t在x>0上递增,y在t>0上,则函数的增区间为(0,+∞);当0<a<1时,t在x<0上递减,y在t>0上递减,则函数的增区间为(﹣∞,0)故函数f(x)的增区间为(﹣∞,0)(0<a<1),(0,+∞)(a>1);(3)f(x)>1即为log a(a x﹣1)>1.当a>1时,log a(a x﹣1)>a0,即有a x﹣1>0,解得x>0;当0<a<1时,log a(a x﹣1)>1,即有a x﹣1<0,解得,x>0.故解集为(0,+∞).21.(13分)已知f(x)=log a是奇函数(a>0且a≠1)(1)求m的值;(2)当0<a<1时,判断f(x)在区间(1,+∞)上的单调性并用定义证明;(3)当a>1时,x∈(r,a﹣2)时,f(x)的值域是(1,+∞),求a与r的值.【解答】解:(1)∵f(x)=log a(a>0且a≠1,m≠1)是奇函数,∴f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),即f(﹣x)+f(x)=0,∴log a+log a=0,即m=±1,∵m≠1,∴m=﹣1,此时f(x)=log a,满足f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),即f(x)是奇函数.∴m=﹣1.(2)解:设1<x1<x2,则:﹣=;∵1<x1<x2,∴x2﹣x1>0,x1﹣1>0,x2﹣1>0;∴>;又0<a<1,则log a﹣log a<0,即f(x1)<f(x2);∴函数f(x)在(1,+∞)上是增函数;(3)(3)因为x∈(r,a﹣2),定义域D=(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(1,+∞),1°当r≥1时,则1≤r<a﹣2,即a>3,…(14分)所以f(x)在(r,a﹣2)上为减函数,值域恰为(1,+∞),所以f(a﹣2)=1,…(15分)即log a=log a=1,即=a,…(16分)所以a=2+且r=1 …(18分)2°当r<1时,则(r,a﹣2)⊈(﹣∞,﹣1),所以0<a<1,这与a>1不合,所以a=2+且r=1.赠送初中数学几何模型【模型三】双垂型:图形特征:60°运用举例:1.在Rt△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,以斜边AB为底边向外作等腰三角形PAB,连接PC. (1)如图,当∠APB=90°时,若AC=5,PC=62,求BC的长;(2)当∠APB=90°时,若AB=45APBC的面积是36,求△ACB的周长.P2.已知:如图,B、C、E三点在一条直线上,AB=AD,BC=CD.(1)若∠B=90°,AB=6,BC=23,求∠A的值;(2)若∠BAD+∠BCD=180°,cos∠DCE=35,求ABBC的值.3.如图,在四边形ABCD中,AB=AD,∠DAB=∠BCD=90°,(1)若AB=3,BC+CD=5,求四边形ABCD的面积(2)若p= BC+CD,四边形ABCD的面积为S,试探究S与p之间的关系。
湖南省娄底市2014-2015学年高一上学期期中联考化学试题
湖南省娄底市2014-2015学年高一上学期期中联考化学试题说明:本卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟,可能用到的相对原子质量:H –1 C –12 N—14 O –16 Na-23 S –32一、选择题(每小题3分,共48分,每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1. 现在正值秋末冬初季节,多地出现大雾天气,致使高速公路关闭,航班停飞。
雾属于下列分散系中的()A.溶液B.胶体C.乳浊液D.悬浊液2.下列事故处理方法中正确的是()A.汽油失火时,立即用水灭火B.电线短路失火时,要用泡沫灭火器灭火C.浓NaOH溶液溅到皮肤上,立即用水冲洗,然后涂上稀硼酸溶液D.浓硫酸溅到皮肤上,立即用稀NaOH溶液洗涤3.下列实验操作错误的是( )A.蒸馏操作时,应使温度计水银球靠近蒸馏烧瓶支管口处B.分液时,分液漏斗内的下层液体从下口放出,上层液体从上口倒出C.从碘水中萃取碘时,萃取剂应不溶于水,且比水更容易使碘溶解D.蒸发操作时,应使混合物中的水分完全蒸干后,才能停止加热4. 一化学兴趣小组在家中进行化学实验,按照图1连接好线路发现灯泡不亮,按照图2连接好线路发现灯泡亮,由此得出的结论正确的()A. NaCl是非电解质B. NaCl溶液是电解质C. NaCl在水溶液中电离出自由移动的离子D. NaCl在通电时电离出自由移动的离子5.同温同压下,等质量的下列气体所占有的体积最大的是()A.O2B.SO2C.CO2D.CH46.下列溶液中,Na+ 数目最多的是( )A.1mol/L Na2SO4溶液200mL B.0.9mol/L Na3PO4溶液200mLC.2.5mol/L NaOH 溶液100mL D.1mol/L NaHCO3溶液300mL7. 设N A表示阿伏加德罗常数,下列说法正确的是()A.1 mol氦气中有2N A个氦原子 B.18 g水中所含的电子数为10N AC.0.3 mol·L-1Na2SO4溶液中含0.6N A个Na+ D.11.2L氮气中含N A个氮原子8.能正确表示下列化学反应的离子方程式的是()A.氢氧化钡溶液与硝酸的反应:OH—+H+=H2OB.澄清的石灰水与稀盐酸反应:Ca(OH)2 + 2H+ = Ca2+ + 2H2OC.铜片插入硝酸银溶液中:Cu + Ag+ = Cu2+ + AgD.碳酸钙溶于稀盐酸中:CaCO3+2H+=Ca2++H2CO39. 下列现象与胶体的性质无关的是A.将盐卤或石膏加入豆浆,制成豆腐B.向FeCl3溶液中加入NaOH溶液,会出现红褐色沉淀C.一枝钢笔使用两种不同型号的蓝黑墨水,易出现堵塞D.清晨,人们经常看到的阳光穿过茂密的树木枝叶所产生的美丽景象10.某无色酸性溶液中,可以大量存在的是()A.K+、Na+、CO32-、Cl-B.K+、Na+、NO3-、HCO3-C.Na+、K+、Cl-、SO42-D.MnO4-、Na+、Cl-、SO42-11、与9.6 g SO2所含的氧原子数相等的NO2的质量为( )A.9.6 g B.6.9 g C.4.6 g D.2.3 g12、离子方程式H++OH-==H2O可表示的化学反应是A.盐酸和氢氧化钡的反应B.硝酸和氢氧化镁的反应C.硫酸和氢氧化钡的反应 D. 盐酸和氨水的反应13、三聚氰胺是一种白色固体,分子式为C3H6N6。
湖南省双峰县第一中学高三数学上学期第一次月考试题
湖南省双峰县双峰一中2015-2016学年高三上学期第一次月考数学(理科)试题第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题(60分)1.复数31i i-等于( )A.1122i + B.1122i - C.1122i -+ D.1122i -- 2.已知函数()y f x =的图象与ln y x =的图象关于直线y x =对称,则()2f =( ) A.1 B.e C.2e D.()ln 1e - 3.如果b a >,则下列各式正确的是( )A.x b x a lg lg ⋅>⋅B.22bx ax >C.22b a >D.x x b a 22⋅>⋅4.等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若S 3=﹣6,S 18﹣S 15=18,则S 18=( ) A .36 B .18 C .72 D .95.设△ABC 的内角C B A ,,所对边的长分别为c b a ,,,若a c b 2=+,B A sin 5sin 3=,则角=C ( ) A.32π B.3π C.34π D.65π 6.三棱锥S-ABC 的顶点都在同一球面上,且,则该球的体积为( )A .B .C .16πD .64π7.从6名同学中选派4人分别参加数学、物理、化学、生物四科知识竞赛,若其中甲、乙两名同学不能参加生物竞赛,则选派方案共有( )A .180种B .280种C . 96种D .240种 8.设曲线11x y x +=-在点(32),处的切线与直线10ax y ++=垂直,则a =( ) A. 2 B. 2- C.12-D.21 9.如果函数的相邻两个零点之间的距离为,则ω的值为( )A .3B .6C .12D .2410.已知圆C :x 2+y 2-2mx+4y+m 2=0(m >0)及直线l :x+y+3=0,当直线l 被圆C 截得的弦长为时,m 的值等于( ) A .B .C .D .11.设0,0a b >>,则下列不等式成立的是( )A. 若2223a b a b +=+,则a b >B. 若2223a b a b +=+,则a b <C. 若2223a b a b -=-,则a b >D. 若2223a b a b -=-,则a b < 12.如图,给定两个平面单位向量和,它们的夹角为120°,点C 在以O 为圆心的圆弧AB 上,且(其中x ,y ∈R ),则满足x+y≥的概率为( )A .B .C .D .第II 卷(非选择题)二、填空题(20分) 13.二项式22()nx x+的展开式中只有第6项的二项式系数最大,则展开式中常数项为 .14.函数f (x )=cos 2x+sinx 在区间]2,6[ππ—上的最小值为 . 15.已知椭圆的中心在坐标原点O, A,C 分别是椭圆的上下顶点,B 是椭圆的左顶点,F 是椭圆的左焦点,直线AF 与BC 相交于点D 。
XXX2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题 Word版含解析
XXX2014-2015学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题 Word版含解析没有明显有问题的段落需要删除,只需修改格式错误和语言表达不清的地方。
XXX2014-2015学年第一学期期中考试高一数学试题第Ⅰ卷选择题(共30分)一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。
)1、已知集合$S=\{x|x+1\geq2\}$,$T=\{-2,-1,0,1,2\}$,则$S\cap T=$()A。
$\{2\}$。
B。
$\{1,2\}$。
C。
$\{0,1,2\}$。
D。
$\{-1,0,1,2\}$解题思路】:题目给出了集合$S$和$T$,需要先求出它们的具体表达内容,再求它们的交集。
$S$是一次函数不等式的解,$S=\{x|x\geq1\}$;$S\cap T=\{1,2\}$,故选B。
2、用阴影部分表示集合$C\cup A\cup B$,正确的是()解题思路】:题目给出了四个图形,需要判断哪个图形表示$C\cup A\cup B$。
利用XXX求解,A中阴影部分表示$C\cup(A\cup B)$,B中阴影部分表示$(C\cup A)\cap B$,C中阴影部分表示$A\cap B$,D中阴影部分表示$C\cup A\cup B$,故选D。
3、函数$y=\log_{\frac{1}{2}}(x-1)$的定义域是()A。
$(1,+\infty)$。
B。
$[1,+\infty)$。
C。
$(0,+\infty)$。
D。
$[0,+\infty)$解题思路】:题目给出了函数$y=\log_{\frac{1}{2}}(x-1)$,需要求出它的定义域。
由$\log_{\frac{1}{2}}(x-1)>0$得$x-1>0$,即$x>1$,故选A。
4、下列函数中,在其定义域内既是奇函数又是减函数的是()A。
$y=-|x|$。
B。
$y=x$。
C。
$y=|x|$。
湖南省娄底市高一英语上学期期中联考试题 Word版含答案
湖南省娄底市2014-2015学年上学期高一期中考试英语题卷时量:120分钟满分:120分Part 1 Listening Comprehension (20 marks)SECTION AConversation 1What will the man do in Los Angeles?A. Meet his lawyerB. Attend a ceremonyC. Visit the woman2. When will the speakers meet?A. On Oct. 18thB. On Oct. 21stC. On Oct. 22nd Conversation 2Where does the conversation take place?A. In a hotelB. In a restaurantC. In a booking office4. How much should the man pay?A. 220 dollarsB. 212 dollarsC. 112 dollars Conversation 3Who is in the hospital?A. JimB. DavidC. Tina6. How long did the operation last?A. Three hoursB. Two hoursC. One hour Conversation 4What is the man complaining about?A. He didn’t sleep well last night.B. He was shouted at by his boss.He is annoyed by someone’s shouting.Why is Bernard in a bad mood according to the woman?He is in bad health.He had a fight with his neighbor.He had to go to the office by subway today.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?Manager and secretary. B. colleagues. C. Husband and wife. Conversation 510. What does the man think of the tea the woman makes?A. It’s good.B. It’s bad.C. It’s ordinary.11. What’s the most important thing for making a pot of tea?A. Having a china teapot.B. Washing the teapot with hot water.C. Pouring the boiling water over the tea.12. How long should you wait to drink the tea?A. At most two minutes.B. At least five minutes.C. About ten minutes.Conversation 613. Which place is the woman looking for?A. The Students’ Dining Hall.B. The Teaching Building.C. The Student Apartments.14. When will the woman go to the League Office?A. This afternoon.B. This evening.C. Tomorrow morning.15. Where is the League Office?A. In the Teaching Building.B. In the School Clinic Building.C. In the Students’ Dining Hall.SECTION BDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. You will hear the passage TWICE.PART TWO: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE (35 marks)SECTION A (15 marks)21. Some people think that _______ to the gym every week will help them keep fit.A. goneB. goingC. goD. goes22. Lisa _________ eat lots of desserts after supper , so she was very fat then.A. used toB. was used toC. got used toD. had been used to23. Can you tell me the name of the factory _____ you visited last week?A. whatB. whereC. /D. when24.Mr. Black is an _____ teacher with 20 years of teaching _____.A. experienced; experiencesB.experience; experiencedC.experience; experiencesD.experienced; experience25.--- No smoking in our factory, sir.---it might cause fire.--- Oh, I ____ that. Sorry, I won’t do it again.A. don’t knowB. didn’t knowC. won’t knowD. haven’t known26. You should go to see him when he is so seriously ill. ____, he is your brother.A. In allB. After allC. At allD. Above all27. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her.A. /B. in thatC. whichD. of which28. Mr. White, along with his secretaries, _____ on the project around the clock to meet the deadline at present.A. workB. is workingC. are workingD. has worked29. I can never forget the day _____ we worked together and the day _____ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when30. This kind of fruit ____ large amounts of vitamin, _____ vitamin C.A. Includes; includingB. takes; containingC. holds; includedD. contains; including31. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom32.With all the clothes ___, Jane went to see her grandfather in hospital.A. washedB. washingC. being washedD. to be washed33.As a general rule, you are forbidden ____ in public places.A. smokingB. to smokeC. not to smokeD. not smoking34.Although Tom insisted that he ____ very busy, I insisted that he ___ present at my birthday party next week.A. was; will beB. be; beC. was ; beD. be; will be35. Physics is the subject in our school ____ every student is interested.A. thatB. whichC. to whichD. in whichSection B (12 marks)My parents used to tell me how important school was for me, but I didn’t t hink so. I paid little attention to it. But one thing let me finally 36 what my parents meant.One day, when I walked past a mobile phone store, I saw an advertisement on its door. It was hiring new workers!“Sir, are you hiring people?” I went 37 the shop and asked. “Yes, but you should be the man who we need.” the manager answered. He looked at me for a few seconds from head to foot. “Do you have a high school diploma(文凭)?” 38 he. “Or do you have any work experience?”I felt so ashamed and 39 that I didn’t know what to say, so I just turned around and left.I could not fall asleep that night, and I thought a lot about my 40 . “I must go to school or I can’t do anything without a good education.” I 41 to myself silently. I never went back to the store again before I finished my study and got a diploma.42 looked the same when I returned to the store: the same people and the same design. However, compared with last time, I had more 43 . The manager told me they needed new 44 , so it was a great chance for me.I 45 my diploma to the manager. He looked at it and said, “Great, you are in.”Now I am still working in the same store. With this experience, I always 46 people to attend school. Education helps you have a brigh t future because I’m still 47 in my spare time.36. A. realize B. remember C. wonder D. imagine37. A. out of B. into C. away from D. onto38. A. continued B. answered C. warned D. reported39. A. uncomfortable B. impolite C. unkind D. impatient40. A. hobbies B. future C. parents D. manager41. A. shouted B. listened C. said D. cried42. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Nobody D. Everybody43. A. grade B. luck C. confidence D. pleasure44. A. volunteers B. teachers C. students D. workers45. A. sold B. showed C. sent D. shook46. A. teach B. allow C. order D. advise47. A. learning B. working C. playing D. chattingSection C (8 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Most Americans don’t like to get advice 48___________members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. 49_______ they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know. Instead, many of 50_________ write letters to newspapers and magazines that give advice 51____ many different subjects, including family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on 52_________ to buy a house or a car.Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people 53_________ are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors; 54__________ are lawyers or educators. But two of the 55_______ famous writers of advice are women without special training for this kind of work.PartⅢ Reading Comprehension(30 marks)APeople from other countries will find many different surprising things in Britain. Greek: A man from Greece sees a special way of driving in Britain. People drive on the left in the British street, but the British people never feel surprised. The Greek man said, “I’ve been in Britain for nearly a month now. But at first, I couldn’t always remember to drive on the left. Every time, my friend reminded me.”Japanese: Japanese people can’t understand why British people keep t heir shoes on at home. In Japan, people walk in the room without shoes. If visitor keeps his shoes on at home in Japan, the Japanese people think he is very impolite. Spanish: The Spanish people mind the way that the British people greet each other. They themselves seem to be afraid of touching(接触).When they meet, they just smile or nod but never kiss or hug(拥抱)in Spain. But the British people think kissing is a very usual greeting when they meet!There is an old saying, “When in Rome, do as Romans do.” Whe n we go to a foreign country, we should follow the etiquette (礼节) of country.56. The Greek visitor________.A. always drives on the leftB. used to drive on the leftC. drove correctly in Britain with his friend’s helpD. we don’t know57.______think it’s impolite to wear shoes at home.A. The JapaneseB. The GreekC. The EnglishD. The Spanish58. When greeting, the Spanish _______.A. kiss each otherB. hug each otherC. smile at each other D not mentioned59. _____seem not to be afraid of touching each other.A. The SpanishB. The BritishC. The JapaneseD. The Greek60. Etiquette in the world______.A. is the sameB. is importantC. is sometimes different and interestingD. is totally differentBInternational students in Christine Rhodes’ English class in Australia share their favorite places they have visited in Australia.Canberra, the nicest city in Australia.Siggi Siebold from GermanyI went for a short holiday to Canberra because my son lives there. It’s the nicest city in Australia, a little bit similar to Cairns. There’re lots of big rivers and trees around the city.∙The small city of Mount IsaIndra Ekanayake from MalaysiaI came to Mount Isa six months ago. It’s a long way from Brisbane-about 2,000 km .It’s a small city, with a population of 21,000, but it has all the basic facilities(设施)such as a hospital, six schools and supermarkets. It’s a mining city. It’s hot and gets little rain. There’re two big lakes to keep the rainwater for drinking for the city.∙Lake Moondarra and a mineIda Robb from IndonesiaIn Mount Isa, there’s a dam called Lake Moondarra. On the weekend you can go there with your friends. People go fishing and even catch a crocodile. There’s a big mine in Mount Isa. Many people come to work in the mine and earn much money. It isn’t a beautifu l green place, but many people love it.∙My impression(印象)of SydneyNamfon Pitaxsin from ThailandThe fist time I came to Australia, I was happy. I traveled to Sydney. Four million people live there ,and many are Asians. I saw the harbor (港口),Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Opera House and I went to see the koalas and kangaroos in Taronga Park Zoo. After that I went to the Thai restaurants. There is a revolving (旋转的) restaurant, so you can eat and see the city.61. Why did Siggi Siebold go to Canberra?A. Because it’s the nicest city in Australia.B. Because her son lives thereC. Because it is similar to her hometownD. Because there’re lots of rivers62. According to Indra Ekanayake, Mount Isa______A. is a famous harbor in AusraliaB. has a large populationC. probably doesn’t have enough drinking waterD. doesn’t have enough basic facilities63. Where is Lake Moondarra?A. In Canberra.B. In Mount Isa.C. In Brisbane.D. In Sydney64. The first time Namfon Pitaxsin went to Australia, she________A. saw some special Australian animalsB. met more Americans than AsiansC. ate in a revolving restaurantD. enjoyed the music in the Opera House65.How many cities does the passage mainly talk about?A. TwoB. ThreeC. Four.D. FiveCMy wife and I stayed in London for a few weeks last year. We went there in autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors in October.We stayed in a small restaurant in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre. We don't have the chance to see such good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are French or Chinese, but we had some very good meals.We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas. I'm sure we'll need them sometimes.66. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means _________.A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too much moneyB. prices were high in EnglandC. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lotD. they liked to go shopping with lots of money67. They didn't have the chance to see such good plays_________.A. in their small restaurantB. in their home townC. in FranceD. in England68. You can get _______ in a restaurant.A. mealsB. clothesC. booksD. cakes69. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in LondonB. it often rains in LondonC. the English people like to bring umbrellas with themD. the English people protect (保护) themselves with umbrella70. The two visitors came from________.A. EnglandB. FranceC. AmericaD. a country we don't knowPart Ⅳ Writing(35 marks)Section A(10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the numbered blanks by usingthe information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. You can shop for just about anything from your armchair. All you need is a computer which is linked to the Internet. People can shop for different kinds of products on the Internet. Physical products(产品) include items such as books, CDs, clothes and foods. You can also buy information products such as on-line news or magazine stories, or you can download computer software through the Internet. Services such as booking airline tickets, reserving(预订) hotels or renting cars are also available on the Internet. You can also go shopping on the Internet for entertainment services such as on-line games or e-mail “chats”.To find something on the Internet, people often use powerful computer tools called “search engines”. You can search for a type of product, such as sports shoes, or a brand name, such as Nike. The search engine will give you a list of websites where you can find these products. These websites may be specialist shops such as a Nike shop, or they may be general stores, called malls, which sell a variety of goods.The main disadvantage of Internet shopping is that you can not actually see the products you are buying or check their quality. Also, many people enjoy shopping in the city and miss the opportunity to talk to friends. Some people are worried about paying for goods using credit cards(信用卡), so Internet companies are now finding ways to make on-line payment safe.Internet shopping is sure to become more and more popular in the years ahead. It promises to change the way we buy all kinds of things ---- from tonight’s dinner to a new car.71 _____________Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Many everyday American expressions are based on colors.Red is a hot color. Americans often use it to express heat. They may say they are red hot about something unfair. When they are red hot,they are very angry about something.People sometimes say they are in the pink when they are in good health.The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the 20th century. It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color that shows that they are in good health.Blue is a cool color. The traditional blues music in the United States is the opposite(相反的) of red hot music. Blues is slow and sad. Someone who is blue is very sad.The color green is natural for trees and grass. But it is an unnatural color for humans. A person who has a sick feeling stomach may say she feels a little green.A passenger on a boat who is feeling very sick from high waves may look very green. People describe a day in which everything goes wrong as a black day. The date of a major tragedy is remembered as a black day. Blackouts were coming during World War II.81. What color will people use when they feel unfair and angry? (no more than 3 words)(2 marks)_________________________________________________________82.When do people use pink color?(no more than 6 words.) ( 2 marks)_________________________________________________________83. What’s the real meaning of the underlined phrase “red hot music” in English?(no more than 5 words) (3 marks)_________________________________________________________84.What is the main idea of the passage?(no more than 8 words) ( 3 marks)__________________________________________________________第二节书面表达(15 marks)为促进我校师生的英语学习,我们将举办英语晚会,请你以学生会的名义写一张英语海报,欢迎全校师生参加。
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一化学下学期期中试题 理
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试化学试题(理科)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 Na-23 O-16 N-14 Si-28 S-32 Al-27 Li-6.9 K-39 Mg-24 Cl-37.5 Cu-64 一、 选择题(每题只有一个正确选项,每题2分,共25题50分)1.1992年,我国取得重大科技成果之一就是发现了三种元素新的同位素,其中一种是,它的中子数为( )A 、80B 、288C 、208D 、128 2.2.在人类已知的化合物中,种类最多的是( )A .过渡元素形成的化合物B .第ⅢA 族元素形成的化合物C .第ⅣA 族元素形成的化合物D .第ⅦA 族元素形成的化合物3.烹鱼时加入少量食醋和料酒可以使烹制的鱼具有特殊的香味,这种香味来自于( ) A .食盐 B .食醋中的乙酸C 料酒中的乙醇D .料酒中的乙醇与食醋中的乙酸反应生成的乙酸乙酯 4.下列化学用语正确的是( )A .HCl 的电子式:H +Cl _[] B 288C .甲烷分子的比例模型:D .核内有8个中子的碳原子:C 865.某元素X 的气态氢化物的化学式为XH 3 ,则X 的最高价氧化物的水化物的化学式为( )A 、H 2XO 3B 、 HXO 3C 、HXOD 、H 2XO 46.铅蓄电池广泛用作各种电源,它的放电和充电过程可以表示为:Pb +PbO 2+2H 2SO 4 2PbSO 4+2H 2O ,在此电池放电时,负极是( )A .PbO 2B .PbC .H 2SO 4D .PbSO 4 7.已知反应 A + 3B 2C + D 在某段时间内以A 的浓度变化表示的化学反应速率为0.5 mol/(L·s)则此段时间内以B 浓度变化表示的化学反应速率( )A 、0.5 mol/(L·s)B 、1.5 mol/(L·s)C 、2 mol/(L·s)D 、3 mol/(L·s) 8. 下列各对物质中,一定互为同系物的是( )A .C 4H 8、C 2H 4B .CH 4、C 2H 5OH C .C 2H 6、C 3H 8D .CH 3COOH 、C 3H 8 9.下列实验操作与事故处理错误的是( )A .使用水银温度计测量烧杯中水浴温度时,不慎打破水银球,用滴管将水银吸出放入水封的小瓶中,残破的温度计插入装有硫粉的广口瓶中B .用试管夹从试管底由下往上夹住离试管口约13处,手持试管夹长柄末端,进行加热 C .制备乙酸乙酯时,将乙醇和乙酸依次加入到浓硫酸中D .把玻璃管插入橡胶塞孔时,用厚布护手,紧握用水湿润的玻璃管插入端,缓慢旋进塞孔中10.设A N 为阿伏伽德罗常数的值,下列叙述正确的是 ( ) A .标准状态下,33.6L 氟化氢中含有氟原子的数目为A NB .常温常压下,7.0g 乙烯与丙稀的混合物共含有氢原子的数目为A NC .50mL 18.4Lm ol 浓硫酸与足量铜微热反应,生成2SO 分子的数目为0.46A N 。
湖南省双峰县第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(考试时间:120分钟满分:l50分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a hotel.C. In a store.2. What did the woman think they would do?A. See an exhibition.B. Have a meeting.C. Attend a lecture.3. What will the man probably do next?A. Go back to his work.B. Eat out for lunch.C. Pick up Jenny.4. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Hotel manager and tourist.B. Professor and student.C. Salesman and customer.5. How much will the woman pay for one chair?A. $59.B. $62.C. $65.第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6.What part-time job does the woman do?A. A teacher.B. A guide.C. A cleaner.7. Why does the woman like the job?A. She can get a high pay.B. She can have more spare time.C. She can get some good work experience.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题 Word版含答案.doc
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题本试卷共6道大题,18道小题。
时量150分钟,满分150分。
一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面文字,完成1~3题中国的侠文化历史悠长,“侠”这一概念最早见于战国时韩非子的《五蠹》:“儒以文乱法,侠以武犯禁。
”这里的法和禁指国家的法律制度。
韩非子站在法家的立场指出了“侠”目无法纪、好斗使力的一面。
司马迁则以民间道德定义侠客形象,其在《史记》中专立《游侠列传》,云:“今游侠,其行虽不轨于正义,然其言必信,其行必果,已诺必诚,不爱其躯,赴士之厄困,既已存亡死生矣,而不矜其能,羞伐其德,盖亦有足多者焉。
”随后又立《刺客列传》指明侠的本质就是舍己为人,他们明大义,识大体,他们的义愤为国难而发,在国家生死存亡的危急关头,明知不可为而为之,成为铲除不平、伸张正义的一种社会力量。
班固在《汉书》中作《游侠传》,从《后汉书》起,官修史书不再专门为游侠立传。
此后史书对侠的记述便无以为继。
史家没有记载的东西,就以诗、文、小说、戏曲等形式记载流传下来,侠的形象由此出“史”入“文”。
也就是说,政府希望独掌法律,不喜欢跟政府唱对台戏的游侠。
而游侠认为政府有不公正的地方,所以要凭借自己的力量执掌正义,决定是非和生杀。
这一点是像中国这种大一统帝国绝对不能允许的。
因此,从汉景帝开始就大量杀戮游侠,中国历代帝王,只要建立起政权,国家稳定以后,一定杀游侠。
所以,侠存在的空间主要是乱世。
中国人为什么在侠的身上寄予那么大的希望?柳亚子诗云“乱世天教重侠游”,就是说,在乱世里面,老百姓更易被欺侮,更无法把握自己的命运,所以,格外地想念侠。
人们在侠的身上寄托了被拯救的希望。
不仅乱世,就是所谓的太平盛世,封建社会的很多不公也无法通过政府得到适当处理,很多坏人,官府和法律制服不了,或者说不愿意管制,这时民众希望在法律和政府之外,另外有一批人,这批人跟政府没关系,但是他们能够帮助老百姓,即所谓拯世济难。
湖南省娄底市双峰县2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试语文试卷
资料概述与简介 湖南省娄底市双峰县2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试 语文试题 (考试时长:115分钟,总分:120分) 一、选择题(14分,每小题2分)1.下列词语中,加点字读音完全正确的一组是()A.敕(chì)造 chí chú) cuī wéi)qí)B.kǎn)商贾(gǔ) méng)懂 ? 栈(zhàn)道C.pí)猿猱(náo) 跬(kuǐ)步 ? zhēng) D.藩(pān)篱 蜕(tuì)皮 曳(yè)兵 shǔn) 2.下列各组词语中没有错别字的一组是(? )A.孝悌? 缄口 B.C.变徵? 汲取厮打 D.膏腴?沉湎锲而不舍 下列各句中,使用正确的一是() ..在与有志于革新的前辈艺术家的共同努力下,实验性戏剧已从开始的悄然兴起发展到今天的登堂入室,以致逐步改变了中国话剧的原有格局。
《呐喊》《彷徨》《朝花夕拾》《野草》《华盖集》《中国小说史略》等结合语境,将下列句子填入横线处,衔接最恰当的一项是(? )中国艺术的极境如空谷幽兰,似有若无,也无人注意。
在这个寂静的世界中,它自在开放,?。
? ,。
,其最大的妙处在于空灵中的实有,静穆中的崇高。
? ①正相反,中国美学认为,这样的美淡而悠长,小而永恒? ②并不因其小而微不足道,并不因其不显眼而失去魅力? ③小小的花朵散发出淡淡的幽香,似淡若浓,沁人心脾? ④更不因为它处于无人问津的山谷而消殒意韵A.③②④①?B.①③②④?C.②④③①?D.①②④③ 7.依次填人下列各句横线处的词语,恰当的一组是() ①他不决地伫立着,缓缓环顾四周的房屋和院中的景物。
②他们低价买进,转手高价卖出,从中暴利。
③为了躲避敌人的搜捕,她成一个阔太太,打扮得珠光宝气。
A.犹豫/牟取/化装 B.迟疑/攫取/化妆 C.迟疑/攫取/化装 D.犹豫/牟取/化妆 文言文阅读(8+9=17分) 过秦论 ——贾谊 秦孝公据崤函之固,拥雍州之地,君臣固守以窥周室,有席卷天下,包举宇内,囊括四海之意,并吞八荒之心。
高一期中考试试卷及答案
高一期中考试试卷及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 请根据题目所给的数学公式,选择正确的答案。
- A. x + y = z- B. x * y = z- C. x / y = z- D. x - y = z2. 以下哪个选项是英语中“图书馆”的正确翻译?- A. School- B. Library- C. Hospital- D. Museum3. 根据题目所给的历史事件,选择正确的时间顺序。
- A. 工业革命 - 第一次世界大战 - 第二次世界大战 - B. 第一次世界大战 - 工业革命 - 第二次世界大战 - C. 第二次世界大战 - 工业革命 - 第一次世界大战 - D. 工业革命 - 第二次世界大战 - 第一次世界大战4. 题目中提到的化学反应方程式,正确的平衡方程式是: - A. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O- B. 2H2 + O2 → H2O- C. H2 + O2 → 2H2O- D. H2 + O2 → H2O5. 题目中描述的物理现象,正确的解释是:- A. 物体在不受外力作用时,将保持静止或匀速直线运动- B. 物体在受力作用时,将立即改变运动状态- C. 物体在受力作用时,将保持静止或匀速直线运动- D. 物体在不受外力作用时,将立即改变运动状态二、填空题(每空1分,共10分)1. 请写出牛顿第二定律的表达式:_______________________。
2. 根据题目所给的化学式,写出该化合物的名称:NaCl。
3. 英语中“独立日”的表达是:_______________________。
4. 题目中提到的历史人物,他的主要贡献是:_______________________。
5. 根据题目所给的生物分类,写出该生物的分类等级:_______________________。
三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)1. 请简述细胞的结构和功能。
2. 请解释什么是光合作用,并简述其过程。
2014-2015年湖南省娄底市高一(上)数学期中试卷和答案
2014-2015学年湖南省娄底市高一(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)1.(4分)设集合M={0,1,2},N={x|x2=2x},则A∩B=()A.{0,1,2}B.{0,2}C.{2}D.{0}2.(4分)函数f(x)=的定义域是()A.[﹣1,1)B.[﹣1,1)∪(1,+∞) C.[﹣1,+∞)D.(1,+∞)3.(4分)下列函数中,是偶函数的是()A.y=2x B.y=(x﹣1)0 C.y=D.y=4.(4分)下列四组函数中f(x)与g(x)是同一函数的是()A.f(x)=x,g(x)=B.f(x)=,g(x)=C.f(x)=2lgx,g(x)=lgx2D.f(x)=|x|,g(x)=5.(4分)幂函数y=x∂必过定点()A.(0,0) B.(1,1) C.(0,1) D.(1,0)6.(4分)f(x)=lnx+x﹣2的零点所在区间()A.(0,1) B.(1,2) C.(2,3) D.(3,4)7.(4分)f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的范围是()A.[1,+∞)B.(﹣∞,1]C.[2,+∞)D.(﹣∞,2]8.(4分)f(x)=a+是奇函数,则a=()A.﹣ B.C.﹣1 D.19.(4分)f(x)=则f[f()]=()A.﹣2 B.﹣3 C.9 D.10.(4分)已知f(x)=10x﹣1,g(x)=﹣x2+4x﹣3,若f(m)=g(n),则n 的范围是()A.(2﹣,2+)B.[2﹣,2+] C.(﹣1,1]D.[1,3]二、填空题(每小题4分,共20分)11.(4分)函数y=a x﹣2+5过定点.12.(4分)y=f(x)的定义域为(﹣1,1),则y=f(3﹣x)定义域为.13.(4分)f(x)为奇函数,g(x)为偶函数,且f(﹣1)+g(1)=4,f(1)+g(﹣1)=2,则g(1)=.14.(4分)f(x)=|x2﹣2x﹣3|﹣a有四个零点,则a的取值范围是.15.(4分)已知2a=,=log 2b,=,则a,b,c的大小关系是.三、解答题(每小题10分,共60分)16.(10分)已知全集为R,集合A={x|1≤x<5},B={x|x>3},C={x|x<a}(1)求A∩B;(2)求A∪(∁R B);(3)若A⊆C,求a的范围.17.(10分)计算:+lg8+lg25+.18.(10分)设a>0,f(x)=+是R上的偶函数.(1)求a的值;(2)证明f(x)在(0,+∞)上为增函数.19.(10分)已知函数f(x)=,(1)已知函数的值域为R,求a的取值范围;(2)当a为何值时,f(x)在[1,+∞)上有意义.20.(10分)某民营企业生产A、B两种产品,根据市场调查和预测,A产品的利润与投资的函数模型为y=k1x,B产品的利润与投资的函数模型为y=k2x∂,其关系分别为图1图2所示,(利润和投资的单位为百万元)(1)分别求出A、B两产品的利润与投资的函数关系式;(2)该企业已筹集到1千万元,并准备全部投入到A、B两种产品的生产,问怎样分配这1千万元投资,才能使企业获得最大利润,其最大利润为多少?(精确到万元)21.(10分)已知函数f(x)=ln(a x﹣b x)(a>1>b>0,k∈N+),其定义域为(0,+∞),f(x)>0的解集为(1,+∞),且f(3)=ln4,(1)求k的值;(2)求a,b的值.2014-2015学年湖南省娄底市高一(上)期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)1.(4分)设集合M={0,1,2},N={x|x2=2x},则A∩B=()A.{0,1,2}B.{0,2}C.{2}D.{0}【解答】解:由N中方程解得:x=0或x=2,即N={0,2},∵M={0,1,2},∴M∩N={0,2}.故选:B.2.(4分)函数f(x)=的定义域是()A.[﹣1,1)B.[﹣1,1)∪(1,+∞) C.[﹣1,+∞)D.(1,+∞)【解答】解:由题意得:,解得:x≥﹣1且x≠1,故选:B.3.(4分)下列函数中,是偶函数的是()A.y=2x B.y=(x﹣1)0 C.y=D.y=【解答】解:A.函数y=2x为奇函数.B.函数的定义域为{x|x≠1},定义域关于原点不对称,则函数为非奇非偶函数.C.函数的定义域为R,则f(﹣x)==f(x),则函数f(x)为偶函数,满足条件.D.函数y==x,则函数为奇函数.故选:C.4.(4分)下列四组函数中f(x)与g(x)是同一函数的是()A.f(x)=x,g(x)=B.f(x)=,g(x)=C.f(x)=2lgx,g(x)=lgx2D.f(x)=|x|,g(x)=【解答】解:A.不是同一函数,定义域不同,f(x)定义域是R,g(x)定义域是{x|x≠0};B.不是同一函数,对应法则不同,f(x)是指数函数,g(x)是幂函数;C.不是同一函数,对应法则不同,f(x)=2lgx,g(x)=2lg|x|;D.是同一函数,f(x)=|x|,g(x)=|x|.故选:D.5.(4分)幂函数y=x∂必过定点()A.(0,0) B.(1,1) C.(0,1) D.(1,0)【解答】解:∵1α=1,∴幂函数y=x∂必过定点(1,1),故选:B.6.(4分)f(x)=lnx+x﹣2的零点所在区间()A.(0,1) B.(1,2) C.(2,3) D.(3,4)【解答】解:∵f(x)=lnx+x﹣2,∴f′(x)=+1>0,又∵f(1)=ln1+1﹣2<0,f(2)=ln2+2﹣2=ln2>0,故f(x)=lnx+x﹣2的零点所在区间为(1,2),故选:B.7.(4分)f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的范围是()A.[1,+∞)B.(﹣∞,1]C.[2,+∞)D.(﹣∞,2]【解答】解:∵f(x)=是R上的增函数,∴f(0)=20=1,y=a+x,当x=0时y=a,∴a≤1,8.(4分)f(x)=a+是奇函数,则a=()A.﹣ B.C.﹣1 D.1【解答】解:∵f(x)=a+是奇函数,∴f(0)==0,解得a=﹣.经过验证a=﹣满足条件.故选:A.9.(4分)f(x)=则f[f()]=()A.﹣2 B.﹣3 C.9 D.【解答】解:∵f(x)=,∴==﹣2.∴f[f()]=f(﹣2)==9.故选:C.10.(4分)已知f(x)=10x﹣1,g(x)=﹣x2+4x﹣3,若f(m)=g(n),则n 的范围是()A.(2﹣,2+)B.[2﹣,2+] C.(﹣1,1]D.[1,3]【解答】解:由题意,f(x)=10x﹣1>﹣1,即g(n)>﹣1,即﹣n2+4n﹣3>﹣1,即n2﹣4n+2<0,解得,2<n<2+,二、填空题(每小题4分,共20分)11.(4分)函数y=a x﹣2+5过定点(2,6).【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=a x过定点(0,1),∴当x﹣2=0时,x=2,∴此时y=a x﹣2+5=1+5=6,故y=a x﹣2+5过定点(2,6).故答案为:(2,6)12.(4分)y=f(x)的定义域为(﹣1,1),则y=f(3﹣x)定义域为(2,4).【解答】解:∵﹣1<3﹣x<1,解得:2<x<4,故答案为:(2,4).13.(4分)f(x)为奇函数,g(x)为偶函数,且f(﹣1)+g(1)=4,f(1)+g(﹣1)=2,则g(1)=3.【解答】解:∵f(x)为奇函数,g(x)为偶函数,∴f(﹣1)=﹣f(1),g(﹣1)=g(1).又f(﹣1)+g(1)=4,f(1)+g(﹣1)=2,∴﹣f(1)+g(1)=4,f(1)+g(1)=2,∴2g(1)=6,∴g(1)=3.故答案为:3.14.(4分)f(x)=|x2﹣2x﹣3|﹣a有四个零点,则a的取值范围是(0,4).【解答】解:作出f(x)=|x2﹣2x﹣3|的图象如下:则0<a<4.故答案为:(0,4).15.(4分)已知2a=,=log 2b,=,则a,b,c的大小关系是a<c<b.【解答】解:∵2a=,=log 2b,=,∴a是方程2x=log x 的解,是y=2x与y=log x交点的横坐标,b是方程()x=log x的解,是y=()x与y=log x交点的横坐标,c是方程()x=log2x的解,是y=()x与y=log2x交点的横坐标,在同一坐标系内画出涉及的函数图象:由已知得a<b<c.故答案:a<c<b.三、解答题(每小题10分,共60分)16.(10分)已知全集为R,集合A={x|1≤x<5},B={x|x>3},C={x|x<a}(1)求A∩B;(2)求A∪(∁R B);(3)若A⊆C,求a的范围.【解答】解:(1)∵A={x|1≤x<5},B={x|x>3},∴A∩B={x|3<x<5};(2)∵全集R,A={x|1≤x<5},B={x|x>3},∴∁R B={x|x≤3},则A∪(∁R B)={x|x<5};(3)∵A={x|1≤x<5},C={x|x<a},且A⊆C,∴a的范围为{a|a≥5}.17.(10分)计算:+lg8+lg25+.【解答】解:原式=+3lg2++=.18.(10分)设a>0,f(x)=+是R上的偶函数.(1)求a的值;(2)证明f(x)在(0,+∞)上为增函数.【解答】解:(1)依题意,对一切x∈R,有f(﹣x)=f(x),即∴=0对一切x∈R成立,则,∴a=±1,∵a>0,∴a=1.(2)设0<x1<x2,则=,由x1>0,x2>0,x2﹣x1>0,得,得,∴f(x1)﹣f(x2)<0,即f(x1)<f(x2),∴f(x)在(0,+∞)上为增函数.19.(10分)已知函数f(x)=,(1)已知函数的值域为R,求a的取值范围;(2)当a为何值时,f(x)在[1,+∞)上有意义.【解答】解:(1)∵函数f(x)=的值域为R,则x2﹣2ax+4能够取得大于0的所有实数,即△=(﹣2a)2﹣4×1×4≥0,解得:a<﹣2或a>2.∴a∈(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(2,+∞);(2)f(x)在[1,+∞)上有意义,即x2﹣2ax+4>0,也就是对于x∈[1,+∞)恒成立,∴∵(当且仅当x=2时等号成立).∴a<2.20.(10分)某民营企业生产A、B两种产品,根据市场调查和预测,A产品的利润与投资的函数模型为y=k1x,B产品的利润与投资的函数模型为y=k2x∂,其关系分别为图1图2所示,(利润和投资的单位为百万元)(1)分别求出A、B两产品的利润与投资的函数关系式;(2)该企业已筹集到1千万元,并准备全部投入到A、B两种产品的生产,问怎样分配这1千万元投资,才能使企业获得最大利润,其最大利润为多少?(精确到万元)【解答】解:(1)设y=k1x,由0.25=k1x1得:k1=0.25设y=k2,由2.5=2k2,得k2=1.25∴(2)设投资B产品x(百万元),则投资产A产品(10﹣x)(百万元)总利润=,∴时,y max=4.06即投资A产品375万元,投资B产品625万元时,总利润最大,最大值约为406万元.21.(10分)已知函数f(x)=ln(a x﹣b x)(a>1>b>0,k∈N+),其定义域为(0,+∞),f(x)>0的解集为(1,+∞),且f(3)=ln4,(1)求k的值;(2)求a,b的值.【解答】解:(1)由a x﹣b x>0,得对于x∈(0,+∞)恒成立,∵a>1>b>0,∴当x∈(0,+∞)时,则k≤1.,∵k∈N+∴k=1;(2)由f(x)>0的解集为(1,+∞),得ln(a﹣b)=0,即a﹣b=1 ①,又f(3)=ln4,∴ln(a3﹣b3)=ln4,a3﹣b3=4 ②,联立①②解得:.。
湖南省娄底市双峰一中,涟源一中等五校高一数学上学期期中联考试题
湖南省娄底市双峰一中,涟源一中等五校2016-2017学年高一数学上学期期中联考试题一、选择题:本大题共10个小题,每小题4分,共40分.(在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的).1.设全集U ={1,2,3,4,5},集合M ={1,4},N ={1,3,5},则N ∩(∁U M )等于( )A .{1,3}B .{1,5}C .{3,5}D .{4,5}2.下列函数中哪个与函数y=x 相等( )A .y=B .y=C .y=D .y=3.(4分)函数y=的定义域是( )A .[1,+∞)B .()C .D .(﹣∞,1]4.下列函数中,既是偶函数,又在(﹣∞,0)上单调递减的是( )A .y=B .y=e -xC .y=1﹣x 2D .y=lg|x|5.三个数60.70.70.76log 6,,的大小关系为( )A. 60.70.70.7log 66<<B. 60.70.70.76log 6<<C .0.760.7log 660.7<< D. 60.70.7log 60.76<<6. 函数f (x )=2x e x +-的零点所在的一个区间是( )A. )1,2(--B. )0,1(-C. (0,1)D. (1,2)7.已知函数f (x )=2x ,则f (1—x )的图象为 ( )A B C D 8.若函数432--=x x y 的定义域为],0[m ,值域为]4,425[--,则m 的取值范围是() x y O x y O x y O xyOA.]4,0(B.]4,23[C.]3,23[ D.),23[+∞9.已知log (2)a y ax =-在[0,1]上是x 的减函数,则a 的取值范围是( ) A. (0,1) B. (1,2)C. (1,2]D. (1, +∞) 10. 对实数a b 和,定义运算“⊗”:,1,, 1.a a b a b b a b -≤⎧⊗=⎨->⎩设函数 )1()2()(2-⊗-=x x x f ,R x ∈.若函数()y f x c =-的图象与x 轴恰有两个公共点,则实数c 的取值范围是( )A .(1,1](2,)-⋃+∞B .(2,1](1,2]--⋃C .(,2)(1,2]-∞-⋃D .[-2,-1]二.填空题(本大题共5小题,每题4分共20分)11.若集合A ={x ||x |≤1,x ∈R },B ={y |y =x 2,x ∈R },则A ∩B 等于__________。
湖南省娄底市双峰一中,涟源一中等五校高一物理上学期期中联考试题
湖南省娄底市双峰一中,涟源一中等五校2016-2017学年高一物理上学期期中联考试题一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分。
1~9小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项正确;10~12小题有多个选项正确,全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分)1.目前我国高铁总里程已经达到1.9万公里,位居世界第一.小王暑期乘高铁从娄底到北京旅游,全程1600公里只花了8个小时.对小王的此次出行下列说法正确的是()A.娄底到北京位移小于1600公里 B.娄底到北京位移大于1600公里C.娄底到北京路程大于1600公里 D.去北京时的位移与回娄底时的位移相同2.在下列物体中,可视为质点的是()A.被运动员切削后旋转的乒乓球 B.做花样滑冰动作的运动员C.马拉松比赛中的体育运动员 D.转体翻滚下落的跳水运动员3.一质点做匀变速直线运动,其速度v与时间t的数值关系为v=6﹣2t(各物理量均采用国际单位制单位).关于该质点的运动,下列说法正确的是()A.初速度大小为2m/s B.加速度大小为4m/s2C.物体在第1s内的位移大小为5m D.物体在第1s内的平均速度大小为6m/s4.A、B两物体在同一直线上做变速直线运动,它们的速度﹣时间图象如图所示.则()A.A、B两物体的运动方向一定相反B.头6s内A比B物体运动得快C.t=4s时,A、B两物体的速度相同D.A物体的加速度比B物体的加速度大5.物体做匀变速直线运动时,在相等时间内()A.加速度的变化相等 B.速度的变化相等C.速度的变化不相等 D.速度相等6.光滑斜面的长度为L,一物体由静止从斜面顶端沿斜面滑下,该物体滑到底部时的速度为v,则物体下滑到处的速度为()A. B. C. D.7.如图所示,一物块置于水平地面上,当用与水平方向成30°角的力F1拉物体向前运动,当改用与水平方向成30°角的力F2推物块向前运动,若F1和F2的大小相等,则物块与地面之间的摩擦力大小f1和f2的关系为()A.f1> f2 B.f1< f2C.f1=f2 D.无法确定8.在高处释放一粒小石子,经过一秒,在高空同一地点再释放一粒小石子,在落地之前,两粒石子之间的距离()A.保持不变B.不断减小 C.不断增大 D.有时增大,有时减小9.下列四种情况中,三个大小相等、方向不同的力F同时作用于同一点O,其中合力最小的是()A.B.C.D.10.某缓冲装置可抽象成图所示的简单模型.其中k1、k2为原长相等,劲度系数不同的轻质弹簧.下列表述正确的是()A.缓冲效果与弹簧的劲度系数无关B.垫片向右移动时,两弹簧产生的弹力大小相等C.垫片向右移动时,两弹簧的长度保持相等D.垫片向右移动时,两弹簧的形变量不相同11.传送带被广泛地应用于机场和火车站,如图所示为一水平传送带装置示意图.绷紧的传送带AB 始终保持恒定的速率运行,将行李无初速度地放在A处.设行李与传送带之间的动摩擦因数为μ,A、B间的距离为L.则()A.行李在传动带上始终做匀加速直线运动B.行李在传送带上始终受到向右的摩擦力C.行李在传送带上可能有一段时间不受摩擦力D.行李在传送带上的时间一定大于L/v12.一物体自原点开始在x轴上运动,其初速度v0<0,加速度a<0,当加速度不断减小直至为零时,物体的()A.速度不断减小,位移不断减小 B.速度和位移都不断增大C.当a=0时,速度达到最大 D.当a=0时,速度为0,位移达到最小值二、实验题(每空2分.共12分)13、如图甲所示,用铁架台、弹簧和多个已知质量且质量相等的钩码,探究在弹性限度内弹簧弹力与弹簧伸长长度的关系实验.①为完成实验,还需要的实验器材有:______ .②实验中需要测量的物理量有:_____________________________________________.③图乙是弹簧所受弹力F与弹簧伸长长度x的F-x图线,由此可求出弹簧的劲度系数为N/m.图线不过原点的原因是由于______ ___ ____.14.在用接在50 Hz交流电源上的打点计时器测定小车做匀加速直线运动的加速度的实验中,得到如图所示的一条纸带,从比较清晰的点开始起,每5个打印点取一个计数点,分别标上0、1、2、3、4…量得0与1两点间的距离s1=3.00 cm,3与4两点间的距离s4=4.80 cm,则小车在0与1两点间平均速度为__________m/s,小车的加速度为__________ m/s2.(保留两位有效数字)三、计算题(共40分)解题要求:写出必要的文字说明、方程式、演算步骤和答案.有数值计算的题,答案必须明确写出数值和单位.15.(9分)质量为2kg的物体放到水平地板上,用一轻弹簧水平拉该物体,当物体刚开始运动时,弹簧伸长了3cm,当拉着物体匀速前进时,弹簧伸长了2cm,己知弹簧的劲度系数为k=200N/m,(g=10N/kg)求:⑴物体所受的最大静摩擦力为多少?⑵物体所受的滑动动摩擦力为多少?⑶物体与地板间的动摩擦因数是多少?16.(10分)汽车从静止开始作匀加速直线运动,经5s后速度达到10m/s,然后匀速运动了10s,接着以5m/s2的加速度减速运动,求:(1)汽车在加速阶段的加速度大小;(2)在第16s末的速度大小;(3)汽车在18s内通过的位移大小.17.(9分)三段不可伸长的细绳OA、OB、OC,它们共同悬挂一重为50N的物体,如图所示,其中OB是水平的,A端、B端固定.OA与墙壁的夹角为600 .请求出三根绳子的拉力分别是多少?18.(12分)平直的公路上有甲乙两辆汽车,甲以0.5m/s2的加速度由静止开始行驶,乙在甲的前方200m处以5m/s的速度做同方向的匀速运动,问:(1)甲何时追上乙?甲追上乙时的速度为多大?此时甲离出发点多远?(2)在追赶过程中,甲、乙之间何时有最大距离?这个距离为多少?涟源一中、娄底三中、双峰一中、新化一中、冷江一中、2016年下学期高一期中联考试卷物理答案一、选择题(48分)二、实验题(每空2分.共10分)13.①刻度尺②弹簧的原长;悬挂钩码个数以及与弹力(外力)对应的弹簧长度 ③200; 弹簧自身有重力 14. 0.30 m/s 0.60 m/s 215、(9分) 6N 4N 0.216、(10分)解:(1)有v=a 1t 1 得:a 1== =2m/s 2(2)由题意可知,第15s 末速度为10m/s ,第16s 开始减速,有:由v 16=v 15﹣a 2t 3 得v 16=5m/s(3)减速过程的时间为:t 4=物体在第17s 末停止运动加速阶段通过的位移为:x 1=t 1=25m匀速阶段通过的位移为:x 2=vt 2=100m减速阶段通过的位移为:x 3=t 4=10m通过的总位移为:x=x 1+x 2+x 3=135m 17、(9分)解:F C =G=50N 由 F A sin600=G 得F A =57.7NF B tan600=G 得F B =28.9N18、(12分)设经ts 甲追上乙,追上时有x 甲+x 0=x 乙即200at 212=vt解之得t=40(s )此时有v 甲=at=0.5⨯40=20(m/s )x 甲=21at 2=21⨯0.5⨯402=400(m ) (2)当v 甲=v 乙=5m/s 时距离最大v 甲=at 1 得t 1=10s△x= v 乙t 1+x 0-21at 12=225(m )。
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 含答案
湖南省双峰县第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(考试时间:120分钟满分:l50分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A。
In a restaurant。
B。
In a hotel。
C。
In a store。
2.What did the woman think they would do?A. See an exhibition。
B. Have a meeting。
C。
Attend a lecture.3.What will the man probably do next?A. Go back to his work.B. Eat out for lunch.C. Pick up Jenny.4。
What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A。
Hotel manager and tourist. B. Professor and student。
C。
Salesman and customer。
5. How much will the woman pay for one chair?A. $59。
B. $62. C。
$65.第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22。
5分)听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6.What part—time job does the woman do?A. A teacher. B。
A guide。
C. A cleaner.7.Why does the woman like the job?A。
She can get a high pay。
B。
She can have more spare time。
C. She can get some good work experience.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.8。
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双峰一中2015年上学期高一期中考试化学试卷满分:100分时间:90分钟可能用到的相对原子质量:C12H1O16N14Br80一、单项选择题(每小题3分,共54分,请将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置)1.化学科学需要借助化学专用语言来描述,下列有关化学用语正确的是()A.甲烷的结构式:CH4B.NH4Cl的电子式:C.苯的实验式:CHD.乙烯的结构简式:C2H42.下列微粒中,与NH4+的电子总数和质子总数都相同的是()A.Na+B.FC.OH-D.CH43.下列说法中正确的一组是()A.和互为同分异构体B.碳链为与的烃为同系物C.金刚石、石墨和“足球烯”C60为同素异形体D.H2和D2互为同位素4元素周期表中某区域的一些元素多用于制造半导体材料,它们是()A.左、下方区域的金属元素B.稀有气体元素C.右、上方区域的非金属元素D.金属元素和非金属元素分界线附近的元素5.元素周期表是一座开放的“元素大厦”,元素大厦尚未客满.若发现119号元素,请您在元素大厦中安排好它的“房间”()A.第七周期第0族B.第六周期ⅡA族C.第八周期第ⅠA族D.第七周期第ⅦA族6.下列有关化学键的说法中正确的是()A.化学键主要包括离子键、共价键和氢键等B.电解质的电离过程也就是化学键被破坏的过程C.有化学键被破坏的变化一定是化学变化D.共价化合物中可能含有离子键7.一种化学冰袋中含有Na2SO4•10H2O(96g)、NH4NO3(50g)、(NH4)2SO4(40g)、NaHSO4(40g).将Na2SO4•10H2O和其他三种盐分别盛于两只塑料袋中,使用时把它们混合并用手揉搓就可制冷,制冷效果能维持2~3h.以下关于制冷原因的猜测肯定错误的是()A.Na2SO4•10H2O脱水是吸热过程B.较长时间制冷是由于Na2SO4•10H2O脱水过程较慢C.铵盐发生了复分解反应,且为吸热反应D.NH4NO3溶于水会吸收热量8.下列有关物质性质的比较正确的是()①同主族元素的单质从上到下,非金属性减弱,熔点增高②元素的最高正化合价在数值上等于它所在的族序数③同周期主族元素的原子半径越小,越难失去电子④元素的非金属性越强,它的气态氢化物水溶液的酸性越强⑤还原性:S2->Se2->Cl-⑥酸性:HClO4>H2SO4>H3PO4>H2SiO3.A.①③B.②④C.③⑥D.⑤⑥9.下列装置能构成原电池的是()A B. C. D.10.下列说法正确的是()①一定量的盐酸跟过量的铁粉反应时,为了减缓反应速率但不影响生成H2的总量,可向盐酸中加入适量的Na2SO4溶液②一定量的稀盐酸跟过量锌粉反应时,为了加快反应速率又不影响生成H2的总量,可采取的措施是:加入少量CuSO4固体③对于某反应X+3Y=3E+2F,在甲、乙、丙、丁四种不同条件下分别测得反应速率为甲:V (X)=0.3mol/(L.min);乙:V(Y)=1.2mol/(L.min);丙:V(E)=0.8mol/(L.min);丁:V (F)=0.9mol/(L.min),则反应最快的是乙④在密闭容器中进行如下反应:,已知X2、Y2、Z的起始浓度分别为0.1mol/L、0.3mol/L、0.2mol/L,在一定条件下,当反应达到平衡时,Z的浓度有可能为0.3mol/LA.①②③B..①②④C.②③④D.全部正确11.为比较不同的催化剂对H2O2分解反应的催化效果,甲乙两组同学分别设计了如图1、图2所示的实验。
下列叙述中不正确的是()A.图1实验可通过观察产生气泡快慢来比较反应速率的大小B.若图1所示实验中反应速率为①>②,则一定说明Fe3+比Cu2+对H2O2分解催化效果好C.图2实验可通过测定相同状况下产生的气体体积与反应时间来比较反应速率D.为检查图2装置的气密性,可关闭A处活塞,将注射器活塞拉出一定距离,一段时间后松开活塞,观察活塞是否回到原位12.1L烷烃A的蒸汽完全燃烧时,生成同温同压下15L水蒸气,则该烷烃的分子式为()A.C14H30B.C15H32 C.C16H34D.C17H3613.如右图为铜铁原电池示意图,下列有关说法正确的是()A.铜棒逐渐溶解B.该装置能将电能转化为化学能C.负极反应式为Fe-2e-=Fe2+,发生还原反应D.电子由铁棒通过导线流向铜棒14.下列有机反应中,不属于取代反应的是()A.B.CH2=CHCH3+Cl2→CH2ClCHClCH3C.D.15.一定条件下,体积为10L的密闭容器中,1molX和1molY进行反应:,经60s达到平衡,生成0.3molZ。
下列说法正确的是()A.反应进行30s时,正反应速率等于逆反应速率B.反应进行80s时,逆反应速率大于正反应速率C.以X浓度变化表示的反应速率为0.01mol/(L·s)D.反应进行80s时,X物质的量浓度为0.04mol/L16.下图是实验室制溴苯的装置图,下列说法正确的是()A.左侧的分液漏斗中加入的是苯和溴水B.仪器A的名称叫蒸馏烧瓶C.锥形瓶中的导管口出现大量白雾D.碱石灰作用是防止空气中水蒸气进入反应体系17.向绝热恒容密闭容器中通入SO 2和NO2,一定条件下使反应SO2(g)+NO2(g)SO3(g)+NO(g)达到平衡,正反应速率随时间变化的示意图如图所示。
由图可得出的正确结论是()A.反应在c点达到平衡状态B.反应物浓度:a点小于b点C.反应物的总能量低于生成物的总能量D.△t1=△t2时,SO2的转化率:a-b段小于b-c段18.在某合成氨厂的合成氨反应中,测得合成塔入口处气体N2、H2、NH3的体积比为6:18:1,出口处N2、H2、NH3的体积比为9:27:8,则N2的转化率为()A.75%B.50%C.25%D.20%二、非选择题(每空2分,共46分,请将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置)19.(20分)W、X、Y、Z、M、G五种元素分属三个短周期,且原子序数依次增大。
W、Z 同主族,可形成离子化合物ZW;Y、M同主族,可形成MY2、MY3两种分子;X的气态氢化物水溶液呈碱性。
请回答下列问题:(1)Y在元素周期表中的位置为_________,上述元素的最高价氧化物对应的水化物酸性最强的是_____(写化学式),W、Y、Z、M形成的简单离子的半径大小顺序是___________________(用化学符号表示),G的离子结构示意图:_______________。
(2)Y与M的氢化物中,热稳定性更好的是____________(填化学式),原因是____________________________________________________________。
(3)Z2Y2的电子式为__________,ZW与水反应放出气体的化学方程式为_______________________________________________________________________。
(4)X2W4可作为新型燃料电池的燃料,在氧气中燃烧生成氮气和水,请利用X2W4、氧气与KOH溶液组成碱性燃料电池,写出该电池负极的电极反应式________________________,指出电解质溶液中OH-离子向________极移动。
20.(6分)在1×105Pa和298K时,将1mol气态AB分子分离成气态A原子和B原子所需要的能量成为键能(kJ•mol-1).下面是一些共价键的键能:(已知氨分子中有三个等价的氮氢共价键)共价键H2分子N2分子NH3分子键能(KJ.mo1-1)436945391(1)根据上表中的数据判断工业合成氨的反应是______(填“吸热”或“放热”)反应;(2)在298K时,取1mol氮气和3mol氢气放入一密闭容器中,在催化剂存在下进行反应.理论上放出或吸收的热量为Q1,则Q1为______KJ。
与Q2比较,正确的是___________(3)实际生产中,放出或吸收的热量为Q2,Q1A.Q1〉Q2B.Q1〈Q2C.Q1=Q221.(10分)某温度时,在容积为3L的密闭容器中,X、Y、Z三种物质的物质的量随时间变化的曲线如图所示,由图中数据分析:(1)该反应的化学方程式为______.(2)反应开始至3min末,X的反应速率为______.(3)该反应是由___________开始的。
(填“正反应”“逆反应”“正、逆反应同时”)(4)若增加Y的用量,化学反应速率不变化,则Y为__________态。
(5)在一个体积不变的密闭容器中发生可逆反应:A(s)+2B(g)C(g)+D(g),在恒温下,当下列物理量不再变化时,表明上述可逆反应已达到平衡状态的是_____________。
①混合气体的压强②混合气体的密度③混合气体的体积④气体的总物质的量22.(6分)如图所示,将浸透了石蜡油的(17个碳原子以上的液态烷烃混合物)的石棉放置在硬质试管的底部,试管中加入碎瓷片,给碎瓷片加强热,石蜡油蒸汽通过炽热的碎瓷片表面发生反应,生成一定量的气体.利用该气体进行实验:(1)如果将气体通溴的四氯化碳溶液中,现象是__________________________________,此反应的化学方程式为:________________________________________________________。
(2)下列说法正确的是_______A.在上述实验中,生成的气体除了乙烯还有烷烃。
B.酸性高锰酸钾溶液既鉴别乙烷与乙烯,也可以除去乙烷中混有的少量乙烯C.等质量的甲烷、乙烯、乙烷分别燃烧时,乙烷消耗氧气最多D.标况下,22.4L乙烯与22.4L己烷,所含分子数目相等23.(4分)(1)一种气态烷烃和一种气态烯烃组成的混合物共10g,混合气体的密度是相同状况下氢气的12.5倍,该混合气体通过溴水时,溴水的质量增加8.4g。
则该烷烃与烯烃的体积比为:________________。
(2)一定质量的甲烷燃烧后得到的产物为CO、CO2和水蒸气,此混合气体质量为49.6g,当其缓缓通过无水CaCl2时,CaCl2的质量增加22.5g。
原混合气体中CO2的质量为_________。
双峰一中2015年上学期高一期中考试化学试卷一、选择题(每小题3分,共54分)题号123456789答案C A C D C B C C D 题号101112131415161718答案B B A D B D C D C二、非选择题(每空2分,共46分)19.(20分)(1)第二周期ⅥA族HClO4S2->O2->Na+>H+(2)H2O O的非金属性大于S(3)NaH+H2O==NaOH+H2↑(4)N2H4-4e-+4OH-==N2+4H2O负20.(6分)(1)放热(2)93(3)A21.(10分)(1)Y+2Z⇌3X(2)0.1mol/(L•min)(3)正逆反应同时(4)固体或纯液(5)②22.(6分)(1)溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色(2)CH2=CH2+Br2→CH2BrCH2Br(3)A23.(4分)(1)1:3(2)26.4g。