高考英语真题分项详解名词和冠词解析版
2021_2021高考英语试题分项版解析专题01冠词名词和主谓一致含解析
专题01 冠词、名词和主谓一致2021年试题1.【2021·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是鼓励科学家们去探究外部空间。
A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。
应选C。
【解题指导】此题考察名词辨析。
名词和动词及短语的考察是高考重点考察的知识点。
此题语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。
根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。
2.【2021·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD. assumption【答案】D【解题指导】此题考察名词辨析。
名词考察是高考重点考察的知识点。
此题抓住句中的关键词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。
2021年试题【2021·江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考察主谓一致。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习词法知识讲解(名词+冠词+代词)
高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、名词中英文都有名词，英文名词与中文的主要区别是单数、复数变化。
（一）复数变化英语名词在表示复数时，需要变化。
怎么记呢？第一，先记主要变化，末尾加s。
比如books。
第二，记住哪些加es？1、以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加es。
比如boxes, bushes.为什么？因为加s从读音上无法区分。
不能是buss，而是buses [iz]。
注意：绝大多数特殊变换，都是为了读音方便，以后你会见到这条规律反复出现。
2、y结尾改为ies，比如babies，families。
为什么？因为y是半元音，有时发元音、有时发辅音，不改变形式容易造成读音错误。
（但为什么boys，monkeys又是直接加s呢？因为y前面是元音）3、f结尾改为ves，比如lives，knives。
4、o结尾的单词，一般有生命的加es。
比如heroes，potatoes，buffaloes。
其他直接加s，比如photos，pianos。
第三，不规则变形。
1、fish，sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese单复数同形。
2、oo复数变ee。
比如foot-feet，tooth-teeth，goose-geese。
3、man复数变men，比如women，policemen。
4、很不规则的变形：mouse－mice; ox－oxen；child－children。
第四，只有复数。
clothes，trousers，glasses等，只有复数，没有单数。
怎么表示一副眼镜？很简单，一副+眼镜，a pair of glasses。
people、police、cattle等，本身只有复数，表示整体。
当people表示民族、部落时，可以有复数形式，即peoples。
为什么要区分单数复数？英语名词的单复数，决定了后面动词的形态，比如是is还是are，是has还是have。
我们后面讲到“主谓一致”时再详细讲解。
（二）不可数名词单数和复数是针对可数名词。
2019年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题01-冠词、名词和主谓一致(含答案解析)
专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place【答案】A【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。
四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。
考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配lose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。
2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。
A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。
故选C项。
【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。
3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。
高考英语冠词讲解及历年高考冠词真题试题答案及解析解析
冠词(一)冠词的分类：冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。
（二）不定冠词的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。
※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor.3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。
He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。
4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。
We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。
5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.6.用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多7.用于习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴（三）定冠词用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
高考英语冠词讲解及历年高考冠词真题试题答案及解析解析
冠词(一)冠词的分类：冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。
（二）不定冠词的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。
※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor.3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。
He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。
4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。
We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。
5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.6.用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多7.用于习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴（三）定冠词用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
2020届高考英语二轮复习专题1：名词和冠词版含解析
— I would like a coffee and two beers. 我想喝一杯咖啡和两瓶啤酒。
3.用于序数词前，表示 “又一，再一 ”。
He missed the gold in the high jump but will get a second chance in the long jump.
2.用于序数词和形容词或副词最高级以及形容词
only, very, same 等之前。
Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China. 在中国，杨利伟成为第一位登上太空的人。
易错警示 ：
（ 1） only ,very, same, main 等形容词修饰名词时， 前面也用定冠词 the。
2.【 2018?天津卷】 The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to
explore the outer space.
A. advice
B. order
预测今后考点将分布在对不定冠词的考查， 定冠词的考查， 不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正 确使用。
解答这块试题时， 要从翻译的角度去做， 如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思， 就能够解答此题； 多做练习， 能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题要和语境相联系起来考查。
知识 与技巧的 梳理
考点 1 名词词义辨析
专题一
名词和冠词
考向预测
名词和冠词是中学英语的重要词汇， 也是历年高考的重要考点。 从近几年的高考试题中， 可以发现它们经 常放在一起，通过具体语境进行考查。
高考英语冠词讲解及历年高考冠词真题试题答案及解析解析
冠词(一)冠词的分类：冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。
（二）不定冠词的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。
※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor.3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。
He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。
4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。
We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。
5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.6.用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多7.用于习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴（三）定冠词用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
2020年高考英语精选考点专题01冠词和名词(解析版).pdf
专题01 冠词和名词I.单项填空1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的； C. proportion比例，占比； D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives inmany ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression“印象，感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B。
3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists toexplore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
高考高考英语真题分项详解 专题10 名词和冠词高三全册英语试题
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校专题10 名词和冠词【】1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查名词。
句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。
根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。
故填interest。
2.（2020·新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks【解析】考查名词复数。
句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。
chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。
3.（2020·新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【答案】celebration【解析】考查名词。
句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。
不定冠词a后接名词形式。
故填celebration。
4.（2020·新课标II卷）Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.【答案】将vacations改为vacation【解析】考查不可数名词。
高考语法分类 冠词、名词小结试题解析
高考语法分类冠词、名词小结试题解析考点一：不定冠词的用法1．表示“某一个”，相当于some，译为“一个”。
—Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons，please?——你能告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走吗？—Sorry，we don't have a Johnson here in the village.——对不起，这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。
2．a＋most 表示“很”，“非常”。
—Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?——你昨天玩得开心吗？—Yes，as you know，the party went on in a most pleasant atmosphere.——是的，正如你所知，晚会是在非常愉快的气氛中进行的。
3．序数词前一般加定冠词the表示顺序，但序数词前可加不定冠词a(n)，表示“另一个；又一个”。
In order to find a better job，he decided to study a second foreign language. 为了找到一份更好的工作，他决定学习另一门外语。
4．有些不可数名词如knowledge，collection，understanding 等是由其动词转化而来，它们后面加of...时，前面需用不定冠词a/an。
Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class.在我们班中，汤姆收集的书最多。
Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today. 许多人都持相同的看法，在当前国际贸易交往中，英语知识是必备的知识。
考点二：定冠词的用法1．用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、表示方位或表示发明物等的名词前。
专题01 冠词、名词(原卷版)-三年(2022-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编
专题01 冠词与名词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
考点01 定冠词1.（2024·新高考I卷·高考真题）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for________ first time.2.（2024年浙江卷1月高考真题）Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh.3.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.4.（2023年全国乙卷改错）Mom was sure same color would look great on her.5.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.6.（2023年浙江卷1月高考真题）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.7.（2022年新高考I卷高考真题）Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.（2022年新高考II卷高考真题）Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ______ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.9.（2022年全国乙卷高考真题）To celebrate ______ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.10.（2022年浙江1月高考真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ________ time, they agreed.11.（2022年浙江卷6月高考真题）The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ________ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains.考点02 不定冠词1.（2024年全国甲卷改错）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing.2.（2023年新高考I卷语法填空）The meat should be fresh with______touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.3.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.考点03 名词的数与所有格1.（2024年新高考I卷·语法填空）These plants included modern Western ________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.2.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the __________ (rich) of gardening in England.3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Although they could never have met,there are common ____ (theme)in their works,said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.4.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international______ (visible),said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.5.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ________ (criticize) that they lead to waste.6.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They are ________ (treasure) of American heritage(遗产).7.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea an the _________(complete) of their journey.8.（2023年新高考II卷语法填空）Since June 2017, right before the ________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.9.（2023年新高考II卷语法填空）They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists.10.（2023年全国甲卷语法填空）However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction.11.（2023年全国乙卷语法填空）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes thefast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.12.（2023年浙江卷1月语法填空）Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic (event).13.（2022年新高考1卷语法填空）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.14.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空）As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a________ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.15.（2022年浙江卷6月语法填空）John Olson, a former ________ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.16.（2022年浙江卷6月高考真题）For Luc, this means ________ (independent).高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。
2012年高考英语试题分项版解析 冠词、名词和主谓一致
2012年全国及各地高考英语分类精品解析系列冠词在高考中的考查重点：冠词虽少，只有a，an和the三个，但却是全国卷和部分省市自主命题卷中的必考语言点之一。
就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空和短文改错中出现。
名词在高考中的考查重点：一般在单项选择以及完型填空和短文改错中出现, 绝大多数是考查名词词义辨析, 名词和表示数量词结合的考查, 以及主谓一致的考查以及在具体语境中的理解和应用也将占有一席之地。
主谓一致考查的重点：其实就是三条原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近（远）一致。
解题方法：分析句子，找准句子主语，判断句子主语究竟是单数还是复数。
1.(2012课标卷)22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。
第一空为特指，特指“已经画完的油画”。
第二空为固定用语：with satisfaction （满意地），不用冠词。
2.(2012大纲卷) 7.He missed _______gold in the high jump , but will get ______second chance in the long jump.A. the ; theB. 不填；aC. the ;aD. a ; 不填【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。
第一空特指“跳高的金牌”。
第二空泛指又有了一次机会。
句意：他在跳高中与金牌失之交臂。
但他在跳远中还有机会。
a second表示“还有，再有”的意思。
而the second表示的是“第二次”的意思。
3.(2012重庆卷) 24.Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take____ place of George.A. /,/B. the,/ C the, the D./, the【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。
新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：冠词、名词(解析版)
专题01 冠词与名词1.（2023年新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with ______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。
a touch of sweetness 一点点甜；一丝甜。
句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味，汤汁热、清澈且美味。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the ________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.【答案】arrival【详解】考查名词。
句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。
故填arrival。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。
句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。
故填the。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists.【答案】interviews【详解】考查名词的数。
专题01 冠词、名词(原卷版)-近三年高考英语真题(2022-2024)分类汇编
冠词与名词专题01考点01定冠词1.（2024·新高考I卷·高考真题）Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for________first time.2.（2024年浙江卷1月高考真题）Then,when you use one section,________other stays fresh.3.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas,even though________language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.4.（2023年全国乙卷改错）Mom was sure same color would look great on her.5.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas,even though________language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.（2022年新高考II卷高考真题）Eric Brown,only three years old,knocked Henry down when he fell.The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.______Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.9.（2022年全国乙卷高考真题）To celebrate______festival,a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.10.（2022年浙江1月高考真题）Cobb,for her party,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely;about three-quarters of________time,they agreed.11.（2022年浙江卷6月高考真题）The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to________blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes:We see with our brains.考点02不定冠词1.（2024年全国甲卷改错）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing.2.（2023年新高考I卷语法填空）The meat should be fresh with______touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.3.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）________friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the trip.考点03名词的数与所有格1.（2024年新高考I卷·语法填空）These plants included modern Western________(favourite)such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.2.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design,to housethe plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the__________(rich)of gardening in England.3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Although they could never have met,there are common____ (theme)in their works,said Paul Edmondson,head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.4.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international______(visible),said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.5.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Many supermarkets are no longer doing“buy one get one free”promotions because of the________(criticize)that they lead to waste.6.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They are________(treasure)of American heritage(遗产).7.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea an the_________(complete) of their journey.8.（2023年新高考II卷语法填空）Since June2017,right before the________(arrive)of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.destruction.11.（2023年全国乙卷语法填空）But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place that welcomes thefast-paced development of modern life,with21st-century architectural________(wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.12.（2023年浙江卷1月语法填空）Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China,almost every hutong has its stories,and some are even associated with historic(event).13.（2022年新高考1卷语法填空）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate________ (population)and homes of giant pandas,and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.14.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空）As a main promoter of the International Tea Day,the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country,China has a________(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.15.（2022年浙江卷6月语法填空）John Olson,a former________(photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured3D models.16.（2022年浙江卷6月高考真题）For Luc,this means________(independent).。
(全)高考英语真题考点详解-名词-冠词
高考英语真题考点详解-名词-冠词名词是中学英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。
近年的高考题名词部分主要考查名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数（可数与不可数、单数与复数）、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考查，考查题型以短文改错、完形填空、语法填空为主。
真题归纳：1.【2019·新课标II卷·短文改错】Since I was a kid, I've considered different job I would like to do.【答案】job改为jobs【解析】考查名词的数。
“job（工作；职业）”为可数名词，用different（不同的）修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。
故将job改为jobs。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷I·语法填空）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 that / which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).【答案】67. causes【解析】考查单复数。
一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。
根据句意用复数形式。
故填causes。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）Last winter when I went here（改为there）again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.【答案】chicken改为chickens【解析】考查名词复数。
高考英语试题部分解析ppt课件
【解析】
定语从句。考察as引导非限制性定语从句时指代整 个主句。
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32.B 【解析】 情景交际。“不设空的句子对于空的作答具有决
定性的作用”。第二个人说的第二句话告诉我们他认 为主持人很会主持party,说明他同意第一个人的话，故 选B。 33. A
19
63.【A】
解析：此题还是细节题，出自文章第四段最后一句，
“Itstill remains one of his most famous works。”，
可知格什温在巴黎期间创作了一首经典之作，故选A。
64.【B】
解析：此题为一道推断题，并且明确指示了段落，
从最后一段“Newspapersall over the world reported
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有些人说它欢快而充满生命力，但对另一些人来 说，它滑稽而无趣。但这首音乐很快在欧洲很美 国流行起来，并且成为他的最著名的作品之一流 传至今。
乔治。格什温(George Gershwin)在医生发现 他有脑癌后的不久于1937年去世。享年只有39岁。 世界各国的报纸都在头版报道了他的死讯。人们 为失去了他和他本可以创作的音乐而深深的哀悼。
状语从句只需要背过连接词的意思，考场上靠翻译来做。 27. C
【解析】
时态题。第二个人说他们要去赶下一辆火车，说明 这一辆“已经走了”，故选C。B选项是“过去完成时”， 用来描述一个“发生在一个一般过去时动作之前的动 作”，本题中找不到这样的一般过去时动作作为其参考 系，故不能选。
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28. B 【解析】 状从题。带横线的从句部分不缺名词，所以连接
名词和冠词高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版
]词和冠词02021 11．ÿ2021·y津卷ĀGreat improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science.A．traditions B．advances C．pressures D．examples0答案1B0解析1考查]词词O辨析2õ意ÿ|学的ßn带来了公共健康的Ā大改善2A. traditions传统ĀB. advances前ßĀßnĀC. pressures压力ĀD. examples例子2根据P文<Great improvements in public health have been brought about=ÿ知Ā公共健康的Ā大改善是v|学的ßn带来的Āadvances符合语境2故选B22. ÿ2021·全ÿ_卷Ā……Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (à足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.0答案168. financial 69.activities0解析168.被考查词O于]词aid之前Ā故判断考点~形容词269.被考查ù~]词ĀO于 语的O置Ā且谓语动词range~复数形式Ā故考点~]词Ù复数23. (2021·ð高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song<The Long and Winding Ro ad=. W hat is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.0答案157. humans0解析157 .考查]词复数2õ意ÿ`你站在黄山山顶看É波涛汹涌般的云海Ā你会想到s们人类是多N的渺小2human是we的\O语Āwe~复数Ā应用human的复数形式2故填humans2…….As the song goes, this long and winding road <will never disappear=, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in mine .While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!0答案165.a0解析165.考查冠词2õ意ÿ`你在中ÿ的时候Ā黄山是一个你一Ý要去的地方2must作]词时Ā意~<绝对ß要的Ï物=Ā~ÿ数]词Ām处泛指<一个ßû去的地方=Ā应用OÝ冠词Āmust是ñ 音音素开头的词Ā应用a2故填a24. (2021·浙江卷)Beautifully restoredÿ修复Āto its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ ÿmarryĀceremony in 1842.0答案138. marriage0解析138.考查]词2õ意ÿ1844 Ā他们ñ1200美元的ÿ格Ð查尔ï·德莱瑟手中买Q了这ÿ 子和一ß土地Ā查尔ï·德莱瑟在1842 举行了他们的婚礼2结合¿空前的形容词性物 ï词ÿ知Ām处要用]词形式Ā结合¿空处^的ceremonyĀÿ知m处意~<婚礼=Ā提示词marry意~<婚姻=Āw]词形式~ marriageĀmarriage ceremony意~<婚礼=2故填marriage25.ÿ2021 全ÿw卷ĀWe hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.0答案148. the49. watchtowers0解析1048题1考查冠词2õ意ÿs们绕着西安城墙走了大þ3个小时2结合õ意表示<一直Ā完全地=ÿ知短语~all the wayĀ故用Ý冠词the限Ý]词way2故填the2049题1考查]词复数2õ意ÿ据说你ÿñ在n个小时内完rĀ但s们在O\的大门和了望Ā停Q来ï照Ā或者û是看`地人ß行他们的日常生活2根据õ意ñ及前文形容词differentÿ知Ām处ÿ数]词watchtower是复数概念Ā应用w复数形式2故填watchtowers202020 11.ÿ2020·ð课标I卷ĀThe far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it hasa lot of deep craters (ÿ形山)Āmore so than the familiar near side.0答案1interest0解析1考查]词2õ意ÿo球背面¬科学家尤w感t趣2根据空前的形容词particularÿ知Ā空处应填]词Āinterest是Oÿ数]词Ābe of interest to sb.意~<(某物)使某人感t趣=2故填interest22.ÿ2020·ð课标I卷ĀNext I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.0答案1将chopstick改~chopsticks0解析1考查]词复数2õ意ÿQ一ns把鸡蛋打到一个碗ÝĀ然^用筷子快 搅î2chopstick是ÿ数]词Ā意~<筷子=Ā通常ñ复数形式ûĀĀ故将chopstick改~chopsticks23.ÿ2020·ð课标II卷ĀChinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.0答案1celebration0解析1考查]词2õ意ÿ中ÿð 是一个庆祝冬y的结束和春y的开始2OÝ冠词a^接]词形式2故填celebration24.ÿ2020·ð课标II卷ĀLuckilyĀI will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.0答案1将vacations改~vacation0解析1考查Oÿ数]词2õ意ÿ幸ß的是Ān周^s就要回家过暑假2分析õ子Āvacation译~<假期=是个Oÿ数]词Ā^面Oÿòs表示复数2Summer vacation 译~<暑期=是固Ý搭配2故将vacations改~vacation25.ÿ2020·ð课标III卷ĀFilled with 64．(curious)Āthe artist packed his bags and left.0答案1curiosity0解析1考查]词2õ意ÿ怀着好奇心Ā艺术家收拾行囊离开了2with~Ï词Ā^跟]词curiosity作宾语Ā表示<好奇心=2故填curiosity26. ÿ2020·江苏卷ĀThe health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.A. reservationB. transformationC. distinctionD. submission0答案1B0解析1考查]词词O辨析2õ意ÿ许多ÿ家的卫生安全系统l在经历Þ大Ù革2A. reservation预¬ĀB. transformation改革ĀÙ革ĀC. distinction{别ĀD. submission提交2根据前文The health security systems ÿ知Ām处指<卫生安全系统的Ù革=2故选B27.ÿ2020·山东卷ĀHistorical 44．(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.0答案1accuracy0解析1考查]词2õ意:历史的准确性很Þ要Ā但娱P_很Þ要2m处做 语ĀO于形容词historical之^Ā应使用]词Ā意~<历史的准确性=2故填accuracy 28.ÿ2020·浙江卷ĀLater Āthey learned to work with the 62． (season)Āplanting at the right time and Āin dry areas Ā 63ÿmaking Ā (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.0答案1seasons0解析1考查]词复数2õ意ÿ^来Ā他们学会了因地制宜Ā在 `的时间播种Ā在~旱地{Ā利用每 的洪水来灌溉农u2分析õ子Ā提示词的词性~~ÿ数]词Ā应用复数形式2故填seasons 202019 11.02019·江苏卷1Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension 0答案1A0解析1考查]词辨析2õ意ÿ`ÎĀ旅行的Þ点Ð购物转Ùr了品尝美食和m赏风景2A. priority 优YĀ优Y权ĀB. potential 潜在的Āÿ能的ĀC. proportion 比例Ās比ĀD. pension 退休金Ā抚恤金2故选A 22.02019·y津卷1We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment 0答案1B0解析1考查]词词O辨析2õ意ÿs们能够看到人工智能在许多方面þ经对s们的生活产生了强烈的影响2 statement<陈述说明=Ā impact<强烈的影响Āóü力=Ā impression<印象Ā感想=Ā judgement<判断力判断=2故选B 23.02019·ð课标I 卷1Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations Āthree are declining Āsix are (be) stable Āone is increasing Āand nine lack enough data.0答案1the0解析1考查Ý冠词2m处~特指Ā意~<在þ知的19个X极熊Þ种群中=Ā故填the 2402019·ð课标I 卷1Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.0答案1 Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but andalmost hit me. 0解析1考查冠词2]词football ~ÿ数]词Ā前边需要p限Ý词2这Ýfootball 第一kûĀĀ故在football 前òa Ā考查ß词2õ意ÿ突然一个足球落在s前边并且差点打到s2<足球落Q来=P <打到s =n个动作是ú承s系ĀO是转折s系2故将but 改~and 25.02019·浙江卷1Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.0答案1the0解析1考查冠词2õ意ÿ每个人都穿相\风格的衣服2same是形容词Ā意思是<相\的=Ā常P the ß用修饰]词2故填the202018 11.02018·y津1The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation0答案1C0解析1考查]词词O辨析及语境理解2õ意ÿ宇Ü中w它星球P`在生命这种ÿ能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间2A. advice建议ĀB. order命ðĀC. possibilityÿ能性ĀD. invitation邀请2故选C22. 02018·ð课标卷I1Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).0答案1causes0解析1考查]词复数2一ù研究表明Ā仅仅每y5到10分钟的跑nĀ就能减少X种原因的心脏病和早亡2根据õ意用复数形式2故填causes23. 02018·ð课标卷I1During my last winter holidayĀI went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.0答案1countryside前òthe考查冠词2去 寒假Ās和v亲去aQüÀww奶奶2m处特指去的是aQĀ故òÝ冠词the20解析1countryside前òthe考查冠词2去 寒假Ās和v亲去aQüÀww奶奶2m处特指去的是aQĀ故òÝ冠词the24. 02018·ð课标卷II1Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 yearsĀwhile rice has increased only 7 percent.0答案1the0解析1考查冠词2õ意ÿ玉米产量在过去25 ÝÞ长了à125%Ā而大米ûÞ长了7%2故是特指在过去的25 Ý2故填the25. 02018·ð课标卷III1UnexpectedlyĀI'm face-to-face with the gorillaĀwho begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby screamĀand then a 400-pound male appears.0答案1the0解析1考查冠词2m处~固Ý短语at the top ofĀm处表示ñ最大的肺活量喊ü26. 02018·ð课标卷III1My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.0答案1scientist0解析1根据语境ÿ知Ās是一]科学家2scientist科学家27. 02018·浙江卷1Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.0答案1dishes0解析1考查]词2m处指中ÿ菜Ā表示泛指应该用]词复数Ā故填dishes28. 02018·浙江卷1F Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.0答案1weight0解析1考查]词2m处指体Þ问题Ā用]词修饰problemsĀ故填weight202017 11. 02017·ð课标卷I1As 65 resultĀpeople will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.0答案1a0解析1考查冠词2固Ý短语as a result表示Ā结果Ā2õ意ÿ结果Ā人们将W更多的食物去弥补损失的东西2故填a22. 02017·ð课标卷II 1It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and fromwork.0答案1crowds0解析1考查]词复数2因~crowd~ÿ数]词Ā并且w前没p限Ý词Ā ñm处用w复数形式23. 02017·ð课标卷II 1This included digging up the roadĀlaying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64top.0答案1the0解析1考查冠词2m处指的是在顶端建 一个结实的顶Ā ñ在top前òthe202016 11.02016·浙江1It is important to pay your electricity bill on time Āas late payments may affect your ______.A. conditionB. incomeC. creditD. status0答案1C0解析1õ意ÿ准时付电费很Þ要Ā因~付晚了会影响你的信用2condition条þĀincome收入Ācredit 学分Ā信用ÿtĀĀstatus地O2根据õ意故选C22.02016·y津1The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.A. effectB. senseC. changeD. chance0答案1D0解析1õ意ÿy气预ç说Îy会是多云Ā^半夜ÿ能p雨2A.影响ĀB.感觉ĀC.改ÙĀD.机会Āÿ能性2故选D23.02016·浙江1______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ĀO填B. A ĀO填C. A ĀtheD. The Āa0答案1D0解析1õ意ÿ这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的n个星期的假期2第一空填theĀ是特指<获胜者的奖品=Ā用Ý冠词Ā第Ð空是泛指<一个n周的假期=Ā用OÝ冠词a2故选A24.02016·江苏1 _________ 4 Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?4 Living every day to the fullĀdefinitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt0答案1A0解析1考查]词词O辨析2recipe秘ÁĀ食谱Ā药方Ārecord记录Ārange范围Āreceipt收据Ā收条2根据õ意ÿ知AùĀ秘ÁĀ符合题意202015 11.(2015﹒湖X) When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place0答案1A0解析1õ意ÿ男孩在追他哥哥时ĀÞÞ的摔了一跤2Aù< 衡=ĀBù<机会=ĀCù<记à=ĀDù<地方=2Lose one’s balance<失去 衡=2故选Aù22.(2015﹒湖X)He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure0答案1C0解析1õ意ÿ他执行一ù秘密任ó时Ā给自ý起了一个ð的]_来掩盖身份2Aù<情绪=ĀBù<才能=ĀCù<身份=ĀDù<财富=2故选Cù23.(2015﹒安徽)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority0答案1A0解析1õ意ÿĀ在没ß要告诉s答案Ā你再思考一QĀ之^告诉s2A思考ĀB支持ĀC保æĀD权威Ā`局2这Ý指¬对方再好好想想Ā故选A24.(2015﹒江苏)4Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.4I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets0答案1C0解析1õ意ÿ4DaveĀ去跟你的妈妈道歉24s想这样做Ā但是s担心她对s的道歉O满意2Aù<请求=ĀBù<借ó=ĀCù<道歉=ĀDù<遗憾Ā^悔=2故选Cù25.(2015﹒江苏)Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A. judgmentsB. adjustmentsC. commentsD. achievements0答案1B0解析1õ意ÿ~了Pÿ家的足球改革相 应Ā一ß学校ßû做û调整2Aù<判断Āô断=ĀBù<调整=ĀCù<评ÿĀ评论=ĀDù<r就=2故选Bù26. (2015﹒福建)The failure was a big _________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A. blowB. issueC. excuseD. Factor0答案1A0解析1考查]词辨析A.blow打üĀB.issue问题ĀC.excuse借óĀD.factor要素2该õ意思~ÿ这个失对他来说是一个打üĀ但是他没p泄气Ā很快振作恢复了原来的热情2故选A7.(2015﹒浙江)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.A. productionB. stressC. energyD. passive0答案1B0解析1õ意ÿ一种最p效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人谈谈你的想法2A. production意~产品ĀB. stress意~压力ĀC. energy意~能源ĀD. passive意~力量2m题考查的是4个]词的词O辨析Ā需要l确理解该õ的语O2根据常识ÿñ知道Ā和别人谈心应该来说是减压2 ñ答案是B. stress意~压力28.(2015﹒陕西) more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.A. The ĀtheB. AĀaC. The ĀaD. AĀthe0答案1A0解析1õ意ÿ一个人越p学识Ā他就越ÿ能谦虚Ā使用theÿ比较ÿÿ 谓的õ型Ā ñ选A29.(2015﹒四川).Brian is gifted in writing musicĀhe is very likely to be Beethoven.A. aB. anC. theD.O填0答案1A0解析1考查冠词2本题考查OÝ冠词在人]前Ā表示ÿ一个像…那样的人2故选择AĀõ意~ÿBrian 在]作音PP极p才华Ā他很pÿ能r~一个像贝多芬那样的人才210.(2015﹒浙江) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. aĀO填B. theĀtheC. O填ĀtheD. aĀthe0答案1D0解析1õ意ÿ多 来Ā简的奶奶想写一本ps于儿童的书Ā但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍了2第一个空使用OÝ冠词表泛指Ā第Ð个in the way 是固Ý搭配Ā意~挡道或阻碍2Ý冠词用于特指或者是固Ý搭配ĀOÝ冠词用于泛指2选D211.(2015﹒Þ庆) I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.A. theĀ/B. aĀ/C. theĀaD. aĀthe0答案1C0解析1õ意~s\\听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个戴面x的持枪人给抢û2第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行Āÿ表示特指Ā用theĀ第Ð空表示一个戴面x的持枪人表示泛指Ā用a2 02014 11.(2014﹒安徽)4Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?4That's a good________．A．saying B．question C．suggestion D．account0答案1C0解析1saying谚语Ā格言Ā]言Āquestion问题Ā议题Āsuggestion建议Āaccount®目Ā®户2<Why not do sth？=表示建议做某Ï2õ意ÿ<如果你的钱O够买一 ð车Ā何OY买 Ð手车？=<好建议ÿ=故选C22.(2014﹒福建)4Could you tell me the________ of making such tasty cakes?4Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick0答案1D0解析1õ意ÿ<你能告诉s制作如m美味蛋ý的窍门吗？=<喔Āsû是按照食谱P的说明做的2=feature 特色Ā特征Āplan«划Ā方案Ācost费用ĀïÿĀr本Ātrick窍门Ā花ûĀ诡«2根据õ意ÿ知选择Dù23.(2014﹒江苏)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's election.A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue0答案1A0解析1õ意ÿ虽然2 前就þ遭ð禁Ā但她在去 的选举中Ï然是p影响力的象征2symbol象征Ā标志Āportrait肖像Āï写Āidentity身份Ā\一性Āstatue雕像Ā塑像2根据语境ÿ知Aùl确24.(2014﹒y津)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power.A. sourceB. senseC. resultD. root0答案1A0解析1source 源泉Ā来源Āsense感觉Ā仪式Āresult 结果Āroot根源Ā背景Ā根2õ意ÿ风Ā在是世界PÞ长最快的能源25.(2014﹒浙江)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.A．attempts B．requests C．doubts D．promises0答案1B0解析1õ意ÿ对于s们熟悉和Ýl的人提û的要求Ās们一般都会\意的2request请求Ā要求Āattempt 企ĀĀ尝试Ādoubt怀疑Ā疑惑Āpromise允诺Ā承诺2故选Bù26.(2014﹒江西) They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.A. aĀtheB. theĀtheC. theĀaD. aĀa0答案1C0解析1他们选择汤姆作~这个队的队长Ā因~他们知道他是一O聪明的领导2第一空特指<这个队的队长=Ā故用theĀ第Ð空泛指<一O聪明的领导=27.(2014﹒陕西) ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.A. TheĀaB. AĀtheC. TheĀtheD. AĀa0答案1A0解析1第一空^]词village^pÝ语Ðõ修饰Ā表特指Ā故用the修饰Ā第Ð空^]词town是ÿ数]词单数Ā表泛指Ā故用a修饰2故选A28.(2014﹒y津) Life is like ________ ocean: only ________ strong-willed can reach the other shore.A. anĀtheB. theĀaC. the Ā/D. / Āa0答案1A0解析1根据第Ð个空前的s键词only(ûp)Āÿ知第Ð个空表示特指Ā需用Ý冠词theĀvmÿ选择A2第一个空用an表示泛指Āÿ知生活就像一个海洋似的2õ意ÿ生活像一片海洋Āûp那ß意志坚强的人才能到À彼岸29.(2014﹒浙江) The paper is due next monthĀand I am working seven days ________ weekĀoften long into ________ night.A．aĀthe B．theĀO填C．aĀa D．O填Āthe0答案1A0解析1Q个o要交论文了ĀsĀ在一个星期七yĀ每y都要学`到深夜2第一空a week中的a表示<每个Ā每……=Ā ñ用OÝ冠词aĀ相`于perĀ而第Ð空into the night是固Ý用法Ā表示<入夜Ā深夜=Ā ñ用Ý冠词the2故选Aù210.(2014﹒Þ庆) I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.A. theĀaB. aĀ/C. aĀtheD. theĀ/0答案1A0解析1考查冠词的用法2way^p to the Wilsons'这一^置Ý语修饰Ā表示特指Ā用Ý冠词2姓氏前用OÝ冠词Ā表示一个ü这个]_的人Ā是泛指Ām处意~<村子Ý没p一个üWilson的人=2 02013 11.(2013﹒湖X)Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB. priorityC. participationD. privilege0答案1A0解析1本题考查词汇和õ意的理解2perspective Ê点Ā看法Ā角þĀpriority优YĀ优Y权Āparticipation n. 参òĀ参PĀprivilege n. 特权Ā权益ĀÞ点结构ÿwritten from…在õ中充`^置Ý语2õ意~Ð城^青 的角þ来写的诗歌更ò倾向于揭示他们在缺O_属感P的焦虑22.(2013﹒湖X)Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A. differenceB. comparisonC. connectionD. barrier0答案1D0解析1本题考查词汇和õ意的理解2difference 差别Ā差异Ācomparison 比较Ā对照Āconnection ß接Ā联系Ās系Ābarrier 障碍Ā屏障Ā本题中p一个which引导的非限制性ÝOÐõĀ一个短语prevents …from…õ意~Ð氧W碳在s们Pz·之间的形r了一道屏障Ā它ÿñ¶k热量轻易 离大气层Ā因m地球Ù得越来越暖23.(2013﹒湖X)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vaseA. at randomB. by chanceC. in turnD. on occasion0答案1B0解析1本题考查短语和õ意的理解2at random任意地Ā随便地Āby chance偶然地Ā意外地Ā无意之中Ā碰ÿĀin turnï流地Ā相应地Āon occasion p时Ā间或2õ意~一个艺术家最à^`渡ï到那个南方岛屿旅游Ā他无意之中竟然发Ā失传þ久的ô希腊花瓶24.(2013﹒江苏)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better.A. shareB. chanceC. turnD. lead[0答案1C0解析1本题考查固Ý短语在语境中的使用2A. take a share分担……Ā~……û力B. take a chance冒险 C. take a turn转弯Ā转Āÿ情况1形势等Ā转ÙD. take a lead领YĀ带头2根据本õĀfor the better的提示ĀÿÉ是讲转ÙĀÙ得更好Ā ñ选C2õ意~p了源于w他食品文W的灵感Ā美ÿ饮食文WÿñÙ得更好25.(2013﹒江西)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.A.curiosityB. satisfactionC. envyD. patience0答案1D0解析1考查with+]词搭配的Ï宾短语2A. with curiosity好奇地ĀB. with satisfaction满意地ĀC. with envy羡慕地ĀD. with patience耐心地2õ意~无论什N时候s犯了错Ā 师总是耐心地给s指û来26.(2013﹒¿宁)The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage0答案1D0解析1本题考查]词词O辨析2A. harm伤害Ā害处 B. injury意外伤害C. ruin毁灭ÿOÿ修复ĀĀ废ßD. damage破_Ā损_ÿÿñ修复Ā2根据^一õit’s nothing seriousĀÿ知 r的破_OoÞĀÿñ修复2 ñ选D2õ意~这kÏ故对s的汽车 r了一ß损_Ā但并OoÞ27.(2013﹒y津)While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art.A. wayB. relationC. tasteD. habit0答案1C0解析1本题考查]词的词O辨析2Aùway意~<方式1方法=ĀBùrelation意~<s系Ā联系=ĀC ùtaste意~<品OĀ鉴赏=Ā符合õ意Ā而Dù意~<`惯=2õ意~`她在巴黎时Ā培养了自ý鉴赏精美艺术品的品O28.(2013﹒浙江)As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.A. worthB. supplyC. packageD. list0答案1B0解析1考查]词词O辨析2worthÿ值Āpackage包装Ālist]单Ā清单Āsupply供应ĀP语境<人óÞ长=相对应的是<粮食供应=2õ意~随着世界人ó继续Þ长Ā食物的供应Ù得越来越Øs注29.(2013﹒福建) The <Chinese Dream= is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. theĀaB. aĀaC. aĀtheD. theĀthe0答案1B0解析1中ÿ梦是一个提高人们的幸福感的梦想Ā是一个和谐1和 和发展的梦想2第一个dream~泛指Ā用OÝ冠词Ā第Ð个d ream P第一个dream是并列s系Ā_是泛指Ā_用OÝ冠词210.(2013﹒江西) Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.A. a Ā/B. the ĀtheC. a ĀtheD. / Ā/0答案1A0解析1很显然ĀP人类比起来Ā动物是较Pÿ的生命形式2OÝ冠词Pÿ数]词单数用在一起ÿ表示类别Āman`<人Ā人类=讲时Ā单独使用2因ml确答案~A.11.(2013﹒山东) It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.A. O填ĀaB. aĀtheC. theĀaD. theĀO填0答案1B0õ意1那是一个寒冷的冬y的夜晚ĀoZ穿过夜空明亮的照 着2本题中一个寒冷的冬夜Ā应该是泛指某一个冬夜的情景Ā第Ð个空[是特指那个寒冷冬夜的夜空2Ð语境ÿ知第1空意~<一个寒冷的夜晚=Ā表泛指Ā要用aĀ第2空的]词across the nigh t s ky 意思~<划过夜空=212.(2013﹒陕西) Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in I thirteenth century.A. theĀaB. aĀ/C. /ĀtheD. theĀthe0答案1D0解析1据说十O世纪的时候Ā马ÿ波罗在去爪×的路P在z 洋航行过2世界P独一无Ð的Ï物前面要用Ý冠词Ā序数词的前面_要用Ý冠词Ā因mÿñ Ý答案是D213.(2013﹒ð课标II) Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. aĀaB. theĀtheC.O填ĀtheD. aĀO填0答案1A0解析1四个半小时的«论使s们一直熬到半夜Ā然^是一k休息ĀW点乳酪1ÿ克力ĀÞòþ的茶2四个半个小时的表À方法常É的pn个ÿÿ1Āfour hours and a half (2) four and a half hours2n种方法都要用到OÝ冠词aĀ排除选ùBĀCĀbread 做]词Ā`<休息=讲的时候Ā通常都要用到OÝ冠词aĀ排除选ùC.14.(2013﹒ð课标I) India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.A.O填ĀaB. theĀaC. anĀO填D. anĀthe0答案1A0解析1在长期的斗争之^Ā印þ在1947 获得独立2解题的s键在于independence前面p没p冠词2柯林ï高ÿ英语学`词y对independence的解释是ÿIf a country has or gains independence, it has its own government and is not ruled by any other country.vm Ýl确答案是AĀ因~independence是Oÿ数]词Ā而Oÿ和OÝ冠词anß用Ā这样答案 Ý了A和B2gain independenceÿ获得独立Ā或declare independence(宣_独立)是固Ý短语ĀO和冠词ß用Ā故第一个空O填任何冠词Āl确答案是A215.(2013﹒浙江) People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.A. aĀanB. aĀO填C. O填ĀtheD. theĀan0答案1A0解析1人们培养了对特Ý学`风格的一种偏好在很早的 龄Ā这ß偏好会影响学`2preference ÿñ是抽象]词Ā在这Ýx体WĀ表示< 一种偏好=216.(2013﹒Þ庆) The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.A. aĀ/B. theĀ/C. theĀanD. aĀan0答案1B0解析1他们的儿子需要在膝盖处做一个手术Ā这个消息使得v母非常震惊2mõ中的news是特指^面\O语Ðõ中提到的内容Ā故应该用Ý冠词theĀ儿子需要在膝盖P做一个手术Ā非特指Ā用OÝ冠词a2 02012 11.(2012﹒浙江)Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A. operationB. growthC. performanceD. character0答案1C0解析1根据õ意ÿ作~一个学生Ā你的学`ÿperformanceĀ会很棒的如果你能够养r对 学的的东西ß行反思的话2operation操作1手术ĀgrowthÞ长Ācharacter人物1角色Ā均O符合语境Ā故排除22.(2012﹒湖X)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.A. symptomB. similarityC. sampleD. shadow0答案1A0解析1õ意~ÿÝ期检查眼睛看看是否p眼疾症状很Þ要2Aù意~<症状=Ā符合õ意ĀBù意~<类似=ĀCù意~<样本=ĀDù意~<¸影=Ā都P语意O符23.(2012﹒湖X)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.A. patternB. procedureC. programD. perspective0答案1B0解析1õ意~ÿ这OÛ员坚持认ÝMichael没p按照l确的程序x请签Â2Bù意~<程序=Ā符合õ意ĀAù意~<模式=ĀCù意~<节目=ĀDù意~<à景=Ā都P语意O符24.(2012﹒江苏)4 Can I help you with it?4 I appreciate your , but I can manage it myself.A. adviceB. questionC. offerD. idea0答案1C0解析1õ意~ÿ44sÿñ帮你吗？44s感激你的提议<offer=Ā但s自ý能¿法做的2offer意~ <提议=Ā符合题意2A意~<建议Ā劝告=ĀB意~<问题=ĀD意~<想法Ā 意=25.(2012﹒江西)You’d better write down the p hone number of that restaurant for future .A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory0答案1B0解析1你最好写Q这个餐馆的号码ñ便日^参考用2for future reference是一个常用词组搭配Ā表示<ñ供日^参考=26.(2012﹒四川)He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a ma tter of _____.A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact0答案1C0解析1本题考查]词辨析2õ意~ÿ他à早会渐渐理解你付û的ú力的2这û是个时间的问题2根据õ意选C27.(2012﹒全ÿ卷II)The Harry Potter books are quite popularĀthey are in great ______ in this city.A. quantityB. progressC. productionD. demand0答案1D0解析1m处quantity数量ĀprogressßnĀproduction生产Ādemand要求2这Ýbe in great demand意~ÿ需求量很大Ā畅 2õ意ÿ:Ø利波特;很Øl迎Ā在这个城^p很大的需求量28.(2012﹒y津)You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation.A. promiseB. leadC. balanceD. diary0答案1C0解析1根据õ意Ā你最好在工作和休闲之间保持 衡29.(2012﹒全ÿ卷II)He missed _____gold in the high jump, but will get _____second chance in the long jump.A. the, theB. /, aC. the, aD. a, /0答案1C0解析1mõ的第一空特指Ā跳高中的金牌Ā故用Ý冠词the2第Ð空意~Ā再得到一k机会Ā泛指一k机会210.(2012﹒江西)The Smiths don’t usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.A．/Āa B．theĀthe C．/Āthe D．theĀa0答案1C0解析1hotel~复数Ā前O会用Ý冠词the来修饰Ā江Ā河Ā湖Ā海前要òÝ冠词11.(2012﹒浙江)The develop ment of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. O填, theB. theĀaC. aĀO填D. aĀa0答案1C0解析1第一空process是ÿ数]词Ā第一kûĀ一般用OÝ冠词Ā且mk表示<一个=的概念Ā第Ð空existence是Oÿ数]词Āwm处表示抽象概念Ā故用零冠词212.(2012﹒安徽)Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A. / ĀaB. / ĀtheC. the ĀaD. the Āthe0答案1C0解析1本题考查冠词Āscience是Oÿ数]词Ā用the表示特指是Oÿ能的Ā^面的factory是一个ÿ数]词Ā用a 表示泛指213.(2012﹒Þ庆)Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.A. /,/B. the,/ C the the D./, the0答案1D0解析1õ意ÿSam被任命~工程部经理×ï了George2表示Û衔职ó的]词作补语和\O语时Ā前Oò冠词2在题~中Ā<manager=表示职óĀ作 语补足语ĀO需要ò冠词Ā而第Ð个空白处~固Ý短语<take the place of=Ā是<ïÿĀ×ï=之意2因mĀl确答案~D选ù214.(2012﹒¿宁)I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone.A. theĀtheB. theĀanC. aĀtheD. aĀan0答案1C0解析1第一空表示泛指Ā第Ð空~固Ý用法Ā用Ý冠词theĀ故选Cù15.(2012﹒全ÿð课程) Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.O填ĀaB. aĀtheC. theĀO填D. theĀa0答案1C0解析1第一空特指<þ经画完的画=Ā第Ð空考查Ï词短语with satisfaction意~ÿ满意地Ā作状语2m处satisfaction~抽象]词Ā在m短语中O用冠词2õ意ÿSarah满意地看着那幅þ画完的画216.(2012﹒全ÿð课程) Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.A. theĀtheB. aĀaC. aĀO填D. O填Āa0答案1B0解析1m处考查抽象]词x体W2第一空中的a drink意~ÿ一杯饮料Ā第Ð空中的a comfort意~ÿ一þð人安慰的Ï2õ意ÿ在那ß艰难的岁oÝĀ能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰2。
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专题10 名词和冠词
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has
a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.
【答案】interest
【解析】考查名词。
句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。
根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。
故填interest。
2.（2020·新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.
【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks
【解析】考查名词复数。
句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。
chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。
3.（2020·新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】celebration
【解析】考查名词。
句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。
不定冠词a后接名词形式。
故填celebration。
4.（2020·新课标II卷）Luckily，I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
【答案】将vacations改为vacation
【解析】考查不可数名词。
句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。
分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。
Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。
故将vacations改为vacation。
5.（2020·新课标III卷）Filled with 64．(curious)，the artist packed his bags and left.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】考查名词。
句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。
with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。
故填curiosity。
6. （2020·江苏卷）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.
A. reservation
B. transformation
C. distinction
D. submission
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。
A. reservation预订；
B. transformation改革，变革；
C. distinction区别；
D. submission提交。
根据前文The health security systems 可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。
故选B。
7.（2020·山东卷）Historical 44．(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
【答案】accuracy
【解析】考查名词。
句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。
此处做主语，位于形容词historical 之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。
故填accuracy。
8.（2020·浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the 62．(season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，63（making）(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】seasons
【解析】考查名词复数。
句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。
分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。
故填seasons。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A. priority
B. potential
C. proportion
D. pension
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.
A. statement
B. impact
C. impression
D. judgment
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression“印象，感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B。
3.【2019·新课标I卷】Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are (be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。
此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。