中医英语术语翻译重点教学文案
中医英语翻译重点
中医英语翻译句子翻译重点1.由于证包括了病变的部位、原因、性质以及邪正关系，反映出疾病发展过程中某一阶段的病理变化的本质，因而它比症状更全面、更深刻、更正确地揭示了疾病的本质。
Since syndrome, covering the location, cause and nature of disease and conditions of healthy and pathogenic qi, indicates the nature of pathological changes in a phase during the disease progress, it more comprehensively, profoundly and correctly uncovers the nature of disease than symptom does.2.所谓辨证，就是将四诊（望、闻、问、切）所收集的资料、症状和体征，通过分析、综合、辨清疾病的原因、性质、部位以及邪正之间的关系，概括、判断为某种性质的证。
The so-called syndrome differentiation refers to the process of figuring out the location, cause and nature of disease and conditions of healthy and pathogenic qi by analyzing the information, symptoms and signs of the patients collected by four examinations including inspection, listening and smelling examination, inquiry and palpation, and finally identifying the disease as a certain syndrome.3.辨证和论治，是诊治疾病过程中相互关系不可分割的两个方面，是理论和实践相结合的体现，是理法方药在临床上的具体体现，是指导中医临床工作的基本原则。
中医术语中英文版
中医术语中英文版中医，这门古老而神奇的学问，不仅在咱们中国有着深厚的根基，如今在国际上也越来越受关注啦。
这当中，中医术语的中英文对照就显得特别重要。
先来说说“气血”这个术语吧。
在中文里，气血可是关乎着一个人的健康和活力。
英文里呢，“气血”被翻译成“Qi and Blood”。
就像我有次去参加一个国际中医交流活动，碰到一位外国友人，他对中医特别感兴趣，尤其是气血这个概念。
他一脸疑惑地问我：“这 Qi and Blood 到底是咋回事呀？为啥对身体这么重要？”我就跟他解释说：“你看啊，这 Qi 就像是身体里的一股能量，让咱们有力气、有精神；而 Blood 呢，就是咱们身体里流动的那些红色的液体，给各个器官输送营养。
要是Qi 不足，人就容易累；Blood 不够，脸色就不好看。
”他听完恍然大悟，直点头说：“原来是这样，太神奇啦！”再说说“经络”，英文是“Meridians”。
有一回，我给一个外国学生上课，讲到经络的时候，他怎么都理解不了这看不见摸不着的东西怎么能影响健康。
我就拿了根绳子在桌上比划，跟他说：“你看，这绳子就好比经络，虽然你看不到里面的纤维，但它能把力量从这一头传到那一头。
经络也是这样，把身体各个部分连接起来，让信息和能量能顺利传递。
”他眼睛一下子亮了，好像找到了打开中医神秘大门的钥匙。
还有“阴阳”，英文是“Yin and Yang”。
记得有一次，我和几个外国朋友一起喝茶聊天，说到阴阳平衡。
他们一脸懵，我就指着桌上的茶杯和茶壶说：“这茶杯好比 Yin，茶壶好比 Yang。
茶壶里的水倒进茶杯，茶杯满了，这就是一种平衡。
身体里的 Yin 和 Yang 也是这样，要相互协调，人才健康。
”他们这才有点明白了阴阳的意思。
“穴位”这个术语，英文是“Acupoints”。
曾经有个外国朋友因为头疼来找我，我给他介绍穴位按摩。
我指着他头上的几个地方说：“这几个Acupoints 你按一按，能缓解头疼。
”他半信半疑地按了按，过了一会儿，惊喜地说：“哎呀，真的不疼了！”“中药”，对应的英文是“Chinese Herbal Medicine”。
中医药名词英文翻译01（学科相关词汇）
中医药名词英⽂翻译01（学科相关词汇）01.001中医(1)traditional Chinesemedicine；(2)traditionalChinese physician (1)起源与形成于中国的具有整体观念、辨证论治等特点的医学；(2)本学科专业职业队伍。
01.002中药Chinese materia medica在中医理论指导下应⽤的药物。
包括中药材、中药饮⽚和中成药等。
01.003中医学traditional Chinesemedicine 以中医药理论与实践经验为主体，研究⼈类⽣命活动中健康与疾病转化规律及其预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学。
01.004中药学Chinese materia medica中药学科的统称。
研究中药基本理论和各种药材饮⽚、中成药的来源、采制、性能、功效、临床应⽤等知识的学科。
01.005中医药traditional Chinesemedicine and pharmacy中医与中药的合称。
01.006中医药学traditional Chinesemedicine and pharmacy 中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。
01.007中西医结合integration oftraditional and westernmedicine 以现代医学等现代科学知识及⼿段来继承和发展中医药，中西医学相互补充，取长补短，诊治疾病的医学形式。
01.008中医基础理论basic theory oftraditional Chinesemedicine 研究和阐明中医学的基本概念、基本理论、基本规律、基本原则的学科。
01.009中医诊断学diagnostics oftraditional Chinesemedicine 根据中医学的理论体系，研究诊察病情、判断病种、辨别证候的基础理论、基本知识和基本技能的学科。
01.010⽅剂学prescriptions of Chinesemateria medica研究治法与⽅剂配伍规律及其临床运⽤的学科。
基础中医英语教材-术语英译汇总(修订)
Unit 1：《黄帝内经》Hua ngdi’s Classic on Medicine// Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine《伤寒杂病论》Treatise on Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Diseases《肘后备急方》A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies《千金方》Invaluable Prescriptions《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica《诸病源候论》Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Diseases《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《针灸甲乙经》The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion《素问》Plain Questions //Basic Questions《灵枢》Spiritual Pivot // Miraculous Pivot《五十二病方》Prescriptions for Fifty-two Ailments《本草》Treatise on Herbal Medicine《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《唐本草》The Tang-dynasty Materia Medica《胡本草》Tartar Herbal Medicine《脉经》The Pulse Classic湿症damp ailment / 湿证damp syndrome湿dampness挤压病区press on the affected area寒病cold diseases炎症感染inflammatory infection草药麻醉herbal anesthesia保持健康maintain wellness/ maintain health临床经验clinical experience民间医药folk medicine中西医结合integration/combination of TCM and Western medicineintegration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WHO世卫组织)integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WFCMS世中联)各类预防措施various preventive measures预防伤寒病guard against typhoid第一本中国药典the first official Chinese pharmacopoeia在植物治疗学领域in the domain of phytotherapy精通草药研究versed in herbal medicine study从……而来的治疗方法remedies drawn from…著名中医大师renowned TCM masters/ successful TCM doctors他的植物治疗学领域的医学知识his medical knowledge in the realm of phytotherapy 医药管理与教学the administration and teaching of medicine当代中医药著作contemporary TCM works伤口感染的危险the risk of infection from woundsUnit 2:阴阳学说theory of yin and yang / the yin-yang theory阳中之阳yang within yang阴中之阳yang within yin身体上部the upper part of the body身体下部the lower part of the body内脏internal organs/ viscera疾病发展过程disease progression阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang恢复平衡的治疗手段treatment strategies to restore balance 体表superficial aspects of the body疾病治疗treatment of disease; disease treatment阴虚yin deficiency阳虚yang deficiency阳气yang qi卫气wei qi /defensive qi心情,心境state of mind阴性体质yin constitution阴液耗伤consumption of yin fluid虚证deficiency syndrome实证excess syndrome畏寒intolerance of cold蜷卧huddle up形寒肢冷cold limbs and body面色晄白 a pale / pale and bright complexion语声低微weak voice懒言disinclined to talk呼吸浅弱shallow, weak breathing恶寒aversion to cold体若燔炭hot limbs and body面色发红flushed face声音洪亮loud voice渴喜冷饮thirst with preference for cold drinks不渴喜热饮absence of thirst with preference for hot drinks 小便清长copious and clear urine小便短赤concentrated and dark urine / dark scanty urine 大便干燥dry stools大便溏泻loose stools舌红苔黄red tongue with yellow fur舌淡苔白pale tongue with white fur芤脉hollow pulse洪脉surging pulse阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang / yin-yang opposition阴阳互根mutual rooting of yin and yang / interdependence between yin and yang阴阳消长waxing and waning of yin and yang阴阳转化yin-yang conversion; conversion/ transformation of yin and yang阴阳平衡yin-yang balance阴阳調和yin-yang harmonyUnit 3：生克乘侮：generating, controlling, over-acting, and insulting sequence;generation, restriction, over-whelming/ subjugation, reverse restriction肝藏血, 血舍魂。
中医常用术语英文翻译
中医常用术语英文翻译[学科]中医①traditional Chinese medicine②traditional Chinesephysician ①中医学的简称。
②本学科专业职业队伍。
中药Chinesemateria medica 在中医理论指导下应用的药物。
包括中药材、中药饮片和中成药等。
中医学 traditionalChinese medicine 以中医药理论与实践经验为主体，研究人类生命活动中健康与疾病转化规律及其预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学。
中药学Chinese materiamedica 中药学科的统称。
研究中药基本理论和各种药材饮片、中成药的来源、采制、性能、功效、临床应用等知识的学科。
中医药 traditionalChinese medicine and pharmacology本草：Materia medica中药：Chinese materiamedica，Chinese medicinals(包括植物药、动物药、矿物药等）中草药：Chinese HerbalMedicine,Chinese medicinal herbs中药学：Chinese pharmaceutics药材：Medicinalsubstance(material)中西医结合 integration of traditional and western medicine 中医基础理论 basictheory of traditional Chinese medicine 中医诊断学 diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 方剂学 prescriptions of Chinese materia medica，Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae/ prescriptions中医内科学 internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine[阴阳]The Theory of Yinand Yang阴阳对立：Opposition of yin andyang阴阳制约：Restriction of/between yin and yang阴阳互根：Interdependence ofyin and yang阴阳消长：Waxing and waning ofyin and yang阴阳转化：Inter-transformationof yin and yang[五行学说]The Theory of FiveElements五行：water，fire，wood，metal，soil生：promote, generate,engender克： act, restrict,restrain乘：overact,over-restrict, over-restrain, subjugate, overwhelm侮：counteract,counter-restrict, counter-restrain, rebel[整体观念] concept of organicwholeness辩证法 dialectics生长化收藏 sprouting, growth，transformation，ripening，storage内外环境统一性 the unity betweenthe internal and external environments机体自身整体性 the integrity of thebody itself古代唯物论和辩证法 classic Chinesematerialism and dialectics 矛盾统一the contradictoryunity互相联系、相互影响related to each otherand influence each other标本 Biao (secondaryaspect) and Ben (primary aspect)本质与现象nature and phenomena矛盾的普遍性和特殊性universality andspeciality of contradictions寒者热之Cold disease shouldbe treated by warm therapy热者寒之warm disease shouldbe treated by cold therapy虚者补之deficiency syndromeshould be treated by tonifyingtherapy实者泻之excess syndromeshould be treated by purgation therapy治病必求其本 Treatment ofdiseases must concentrate on the root cause同病异治treatment ofthe same disease with different therapeutic methods异病同治treatment ofdifferent diseases with the same therapeutic method[精气神]清阳为天 The lucid Yangascends to form the heaven浊阴为地 The turbid Yindescends to constitute the earth气化 Qitransformation升降出入 ascending,descending, going out, coming in出入废则神机化灭，升降息则气立孤危。
中医英语课后句子翻译1(含中文 lesson1-10)
中医英语课后句子翻译1（含中文lesson1-lesson10）Lesson 11.中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结TCM has a history of thousand of years and is a summary of the Chinese people’s experience in their struggle against diseases.2. 中医学有完整独立的理论体系。
TCM has a unique and integrated theoretical system.3. 中医学是研究人的生命规律以及疾病的发生、发展和防治规律的一门科学。
TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the occurrence, progress, prevention and treatment of disease.4. 《黄帝内经》为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础Yellow Emperor’s Cannon of Internal Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation of theoretical system of TCM.5. 《难经》在许多方面，尤其是在脉学上，补充了《皇帝内经》的不足。
Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Yellow Emperor’s Cannon of Medicine in many respects,especially in pulse lore.6. 《诸病源侯论》是中医学最早的一部病因症候学专著。
Discussion on the causes and symptom of various diseases is the earliest extant monograph on the causes and symptom ofdiseases in china.7. 阳常有余，阴常不足。
中医术语名词英文翻译--3
wind being primary pathogen characteristic of wind
风邪常为外邪致病的先导，凡寒、湿、燥、热等 病邪均可依附于风而侵犯人体。 风邪致病具有动摇不定的特点，常表现为眩晕、
being mobile wind being mobile and
震颤、四肢抽搐、角弓反张、直视上吊等症。 风邪致病有病位游移不定，发病迅速，变幻无常
movement
点，易使气机升降失常，经络气血不畅。
characteristic of
湿邪致病，常表现出易导致肢体沉重及分泌物混
dampness being heavy and 浊的特点。
turbid
characteristic of
湿邪致病，常表现出分泌物黏稠、排出困难且病
dampness being sticky 程缠绵难愈的特点。
思考。
anxiety
谋虑。
wisdom
智能。
qi being commander of 气对血有推动、统摄和化生等作用，具体表现为
blood
气能生血，气能行血，气能摄血。
blood being mother of qi 血为气的物质基础，血能化气，并可作为气运行
的载体。
homogeny of clear fluid 津液和血液都来源于水谷精气，二者有相互滋
虫兽伤、溺水等为不内外因。
internal cause
三因学说中指喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊七情
内伤过度。现将七情过极、劳倦损伤和饮食失调
等能导致气机紊乱，脏腑受损的病因称为内伤病
因。
external cause
三因学说中指外感风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火六淫
中医的专业术语英文翻译
中医的专业术语英文翻译大家在写中医论文时候常常遇到一些不容易翻译的词汇，yjbys网整理了中医的专业术语英文翻译，方便大家写作。
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中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验:clinical experience辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs中药Chinese herbs四气五味:four properties and five tastesacupuncture and moxibustion各家学说theories of different schools汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy下法:purgative therapy吐法:emetic therapy补土派:school of invigorating the earth病因学说:theory of etiology养生:health-cultivation医疗实践medical practice治疗原则:therapeutic principles寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis先天之精:congenital essence气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi形与神俱:inseparability of the body and spirit神明: spirit/mental activity脏腑:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera功能活动:functional activities形神统一:unity of the body and spirit阴阳失调:imbalance of yin and yang正邪相争:struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 治未病prevention of disease调养 to cultivate health正气 healthy qi病邪 pathogenic factor疾病的防治 prevention and treatment of disease整体观念 concept of holism五脏five zang-organs六腑six fu-organs经络系统system of meridians and collaterals形神统一unity of the body and spirit有机整体organic wholeness表里关系exterior and interior relation开窍opening into生长化收藏five element function脉象pulse conditions正邪关系the states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi自然现象natural phenomena哲学概念philosophical concept对立统一unity and opposites相互消长mutual waning and waxing阴阳属性nature of yin and yang相互转化mutual transformation相互联系interrelation相互制约mutual restraint动态平衡dynamic balance阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang 阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat热极生寒extreme heat generating cold相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each other生理功能physiological functions病理变化pathological changes临床诊断clinical diagnosis有机整体organic wholeness/entirety正邪斗争struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 绝对偏盛absolute predominance阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold阳损及阴consumption of yang involving yin阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid病机pathogenesis五行学说theory of five elements运动变化motion and variation条达舒畅free development相生相克mutual generation and restriction生我我生to be generated and to generate克我我克to be restricted and to restrict生中有制restriction within generation克中有生generation within restriction木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally火曰炎上Fire is characterized by flaming up土曰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping金曰从革Metal is characterized by change水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the five elements相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction土乘木The wood over-restrains the earth土虚木乘 Earth deficiency leading to over-restriction by wood 金虚木侮metal deficiency leading to counter-restriction by wood生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction制则生化restriction ensuring generation传变transmission of disease母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ肝肾精血不足insufficiency of kidney and liver essence and blood肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs奇恒之府 extraordinary fu-organs水谷精微 cereal nutrients传化水谷 transmissions and transformation of food贮藏精气 storage of essence表里关系 interior and exterior relationship治疗效应 curative effect临床实践 clinical practice藏而不泻 storage without excretion心肝血虚deficiency of heart and liver blood心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire心火亢盛exuberance of heart fire滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver肝阴不足insufficiency of the liver yin温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen 肾阳式微declination of kidney yang脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang肝旺脾虚hyperactivity of the liver and weakness of the spleen 脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水湿停聚retention of water-dampness肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney水火不济discordance between water and fire阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang损其有余reducing excess补其不足supplementing insufficiency阴中求阳obtaining yang from yin虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome扶阳益火strengthening yang to increasing fire祛风散寒eliminating wind to dispersing cold消导积滞promoting digestion and removing food retention 潜阳息风suppressing yang to quench wind阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang相互依存interdependence。
常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义
常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1郑州市管城中医院肿瘤科整理常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义中医术语的中英文参考对照治则 principle of treatment 在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义，因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。
治病求本 treatment aiming at its pathogenesis 针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。
急则治标 symptomatic treatment in acute condition 与缓则治本相对而言，在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况，及时救治标病。
缓则治本 radical treatment in chronic case 与急则治标相对而言，针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况，从本病的病机出发，采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。
标本兼治 treating both manifestation and root cause of disease 针对病证出现的标本并重的情况，采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。
治未病 preventive treatment of disease 采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则，包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。
同病异治 treating same disease with different methods 表现相同的病证，可因人、因时、因地的不同，或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异，采取不同治法的治疗原则。
异病同治 treating different diseases with same method 表现不同的病证，由于发病机理相同，采取相同治法的治疗原则。
因时制宜 treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。
中医英语术语
中医英语术语-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1第一课1.中国中医药traditional Chinese medicine; TCM中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验clinical experience辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation 杂病miscellaneous diseases中药学Chinese pharmacy 四气五味four properties and five tastes针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis 下法purgation吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth方剂prescription; formula医疗实践medical practice治疗原则therapeutic principles寒凉药herbs cold and cool in nature滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire瘀血致病diseases caused by blood stagnation第二课1 ve zang-organs; five zang-viscera五脏six fu-organs六腑system of meridians and collaterals经络系统holism整体观念organic wholenss有机整体social attribute社会属性(of the five zang-organs) open into开窍sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store生长化收藏diagnostics诊断学relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi邪正关系therapeutics治疗学common cold due to wind and cold风寒感冒different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease同病异治the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases异病同治balance of water metabolism水液代谢平衡clearing away heart fire清心火nature of disease疾病本质treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side 以左治右drawing yang from yin从阴引阳treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part病在上者下取之第三课1 philosophical concept哲学概念mutual transformation相互转化balance of yin and yang阴平阳秘transformation between yin and yang阴阳转化extreme cold turning into heat寒极生热pathological changes病理变化absolute predominance 绝对偏盛general rule of pathogenesis病机总纲supplementing what it lacks of补其不足eliminating wind and dispersing cold祛风散寒mutually inhibiting and promoting相互消长mutually inhibiting and restraining相互制约interdependence相互依存excess of yin leading to decline of yang阴胜则阳病contrary and supplementary to each other相反相成organic whole有机整体impairment of yang involving yin阳损及阴deficiency of both yin and yang阴阳两虚deficiency cold syndrome虚寒证suppressing yang and eliminating wind熄风潜阳第四课1.the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases五行学说free development 条达舒畅to be generated and togenerate生我我生restraint in generation生中有制Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally.木曰曲直Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping.土元稼穑Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing.水曰润下over restriction and counter-restriction相乘相侮Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.土虚木乘promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation生克制化disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ母病及子insufficiency of essence and blood in the liver and kidney肝肾精血不足blood deficiency in the heart and liver心肝血虚exuberant fire in the heart心火亢盛insufficiency of liver yin肝肾不足declination of kidney yang肾阳衰微weakness of the spleen and stomach脾胃虚弱soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach平肝和胃 insufficiency of kidney yin肾阴不足balance between water and fire水火不济第五课doctrine of visceral manifestations脏象学说five zang-organs and six fu-organs五脏六腑extraordinary fu-organs齐桓之府nutrients of water and food水谷精微ransmitting and transforming water and food传化水谷storing essence贮藏精气internal and external relationship表里关系therapeutic effects治疗效应clinical practice临床实践storage without discharge藏而不写discharge without storage泻而不藏physical build and various orifices形体诸窍(of five zang-organs) open into开窍spirit and emotions精神情志the heart storing spirit心藏神the lung storing corporeal soul肺藏魄the liver storing ethereal soul肝藏魂the spleen storing consciousness 脾藏意the kidney storing will肾藏志the luster manifesting upon the face其华在面第六课the heart governing blood and vessels心主血脉sufficiency of heart qi心气充沛rosy complexion面色红润sufficiency ofblood血液充盈unsmooth vessels脉道不利lusterless complexion面色无华thin and weak pulse脉象细弱the heart storing spirit心藏神sweat and blood sharing the same origin汗血同源ascending, descending, going out and going in升降出入dispersion, purification and descent宣发肃降regulating water passage通调水道the spleen governing transportation and transformation脾主运化nutrients of water and food水谷精微stoppage of water and fluid水液停滞acquired base of life 后天之本regulating qi activity调畅气机upward adverse flow of liver qi肝气上逆innate essence先天之精the kidney receiving qi肾主纳气第七课extraordinary fu-organs齐桓之府isolated fu-organ孤府digest water and food腐熟水谷anus破门remaining part of liver qi肝之余气upper energizer上焦separating the lucid from the turbid泌别清浊residue of foods食物残渣The large intestine governs thin body fluid大肠主津bile精汁The small intestine governs thick body fluid小肠主液primary digestion初步消化essential qi精气the seven important portals七冲门The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment胆主决断discharge waste排泄糟粕occurrence of menstruation月经来潮epiglottis 吸门morphological hollowness形态中空transporting and transforming water and food传化水谷第八课innateness先天禀赋nutrients; refined substance精微物质blood circulation血液循环water metabolism水液代谢way of qi movement气的运动形式ascending, descending, exiting and entering movements of qi的升降出入运动normal function of qi activity气机条畅primary motive force of life生命的原动力warming and nourishing the viscera温养脏腑qi of the viscera and meridians脏腑经络之气qi activity气机qi transformation气化innate qi先天之气acquired qi 后天之气healthy qi正气pathogenic factors邪气primordial qi元气thoracic qi宗气nutritive qi营气defensive qi卫气第九课qi promoting the production of blood气生血qi promoting the flow of blood气行血qi commanding blood气摄血blood carrying qi血载气blood generating qi血生气qi promoting the production of body fluid气生津液qi promoting the flow of body fluid气行津液qi commanding body fluid气摄津液body fluid carrying qi津液载气body fluid generating qi津液生气body fluid and blood sharing the same origin津血同源exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid气随液脱exhaustion of qi due to hemorrhage 气随血脱loss of qi due to profuse sweating气随津泄Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of blood while stagnation of qi causes stagnation of blood.气行则血行气滞则血瘀Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi.气为血帅血为气母Normal flow of qi ensures normal flow of body fluid while stagnation of qi causes stagnation of body fluid.气行则水行气滞则水滞nourishing qi to stop collapse益气固脱Sweating therapy should be not be used to treat patients suffering from hemorrhage.亡血家不可发汗Sweating therapy should not be used to treat hemorrhage.夺血者无汗第十课theory of meridians and collaterals经络学说system of meridians and collaterals经络系统transporting qi and blood to the whole body运行全身气血being connected with the viscera and limbs联络脏腑肢节running routes循行路线twelve regular meridians十二正经the regions through or along which the meridians run and the order by which the meridians are connected with each other循行部位和交接顺序(of a collateral) pertaining to a certain meridian络属关系eight extraordinary vessels (meridians)奇经八脉branches of the twelve regular meridians十二经别divergent collaterals别络skin divisions of the twelve regular meridians十二皮部tendons of the twelve regular meridians十二经筋qi of meridians经络之气syndrome differentiation of meridians and collaterals经络辨证meridian conduction经络感传meridian manifestations经络现象blockage of meridians经络阻滞soothing meridians and activating collaterals舒筋活络collateral pricking and cupping therapy刺络拔罐第十课theory of meridians and collaterals经络学说system of meridians and collaterals经络系统transporting qi and blood to the whole body运行全身气血being connected with the viscera and limbs联络脏腑肢节running routes循行路线twelve regular meridians十二正经the regions through or along which the meridians run and the order by which the meridians are connected with each other循行部位和交接顺序(of a collateral) pertaining to a certain meridian络属关系eight extraordinary vessels (meridians)奇经八脉branches of the twelve regular meridians十二经别divergent collaterals别络skin divisions of the twelve regular meridians十二皮部tendons of the twelve regular meridians十二经筋qi of meridians经络之气14 syndrome differentiation of meridians and collaterals经络辨证meridian conduction经络感传meridian manifestations经络现象blockage of meridians经络阻滞soothing meridians and activating collaterals舒筋活络collateral pricking and cupping therapy刺络拔罐Lesson 11six exogenous pathogenic factors外感六淫improper diet and overstrain 饮食劳倦common cold due to wind-cold风寒感冒diarrhea due to damp-heat/damp-heat diarrhea 湿热泄泻five endogenous pathogenic factors内生五邪pathogenic wind attacking the exterior 风邪外袭migratory arthralgia/joint pain游走性关节痛wind being the leading pathogenic factor风为百病之长 attacked/invaded by pathogenic cold感受寒邪decline of yang qi阳气衰退 cold tending to stagnate by nature寒性凝滞 stagnation of interstitial space 腠理闭塞spasm and contraction of muscles and tendons经脉拘急收引pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen湿邪困脾inactivation of spleen-yang脾阳不振production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency阴虚生内热extreme heat producing wind热极生风internal impairment due to yin deficiency 七情内伤improper diet饮食不节engorgement 暴饮暴食Lesson 12occurrence, development, and changes of disease疾病的发生发展变化(body )constitutional state 体质强弱dysfunction of qi and blood气血功能紊乱various pathological changes多种多样的病理变化exuberance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi/ strength contrast between pathogenic factors and healthy qi邪正盛衰deficiency or excess changes of disease /transformation between deficiency and excess during a disease病症的虚实变化the human body’resistance against diseases 人体的抗病能力feverish sensation over the five centers (palms, soles, and chest)五心烦热deficiency complicated with excess虚实夹杂turnover of disease/prognosis of disease疾病转归 relative predominance of yin or yang 阴阳偏盛extreme changes of five emotions五志过极depletion of essence causing deficiency精气夺则虚mutual consumption of yin and yang阴阳互损true heat and false cold; false cold and true heat真热假寒或假寒真热stagnation of qi activity气机瘀滞不畅disorder of fluid metabolism津液代谢失常endogenous cold/ cold originating from the interior 寒从中生fluid consumption producing dryness津伤化燥stirring of endogenous wind/disturbance of endogenous wind风气内动Lesson 13spirit, complexion, and physical conditions 神色形态mental activities 精神活动sufficient essence and abundant qi精气充足apathetic facial expressions表情淡漠 normal complexion and varied normal complexion 主色与客色convulsion of the limbs四肢抽搐stirring of wind due to damp-heat湿热风动interior sinking of pathogenic toxin邪毒内陷scaly skin/ squamous and dry skin肌肤甲错hunger without appetite饥不欲食combined use of the four diagnostic methods四诊合参facial expressions面部表情favorable prognosis预后良好dispiritedness 精神不振five colors indicating diseases / diagnostic significance of five colors五色主病 facial distortion口角歪斜flaming of deficient fire虚火上炎retention of heat in the large intestine大肠热结mirror-like tongue光剥舌pulse manifestations脉象Lesson 14prevention before occurrence未病先防harmony between qi and blood气血平和regulating mental conditions调摄精神smooth circulation of blood血脉流畅smooth movement of joints关节通利smooth flow of qi/ free activity of qi气机条畅prolonging life and promoting longevity益寿延年preventive and therapeutic principles防治原则treatment should focus on the root of diseases治病求本treating secondary symptoms in acute disease急则治其标treating primary symptoms in chronic disease缓则治其本simultaneous treatment of primary and secondary symptoms 标本兼治deficiency of healthy qi and excess of pathogenic factors正虚邪实removing parasites to eliminate accumulation驱虫消积accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the lung痰湿壅盛blood serving as the mother of qi血为气母treatment in accordance with seasons, locality and individuality.因时因地因人制宜avoiding cold herbs in cold weather用寒远寒exogenous dry disease in autumn 外感秋燥moistening dryness with pungent and cool herbs辛凉润燥Lesson 15ⅰ.treatment with syndrome differentiation/ 辨证论治disease involving both exterior and interior表里同病 simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat寒热错杂regression of interior pathogenic factors to the exterior 里邪出表true cold and false heat 真寒假热aversion to cold and aversion to heat恶寒与恶热tasteless sensation in the mouth without thirst 口淡不渴transformation of stagnated pathogenic cold into heat 寒邪郁而化热exterior-deficiency syndrome due to exogenous pathogens外感表虚feverish sensation over five centers五心烦热location and nature of disease病位与病性mixture of deficiency and excess虚实夹杂invasion of exterior pathogenic factors into the interior表邪入里cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome寒症化热true heat and false cold真热假寒heat syndrome transforming into cold syndrome热证转寒pale tongue with white, moist and slippery fur舌淡苔白而润滑rapid and weak pulse脉数无力tidal fever and night sweating 潮热盗汗coma with delirium神昏谵语 Lesson 16Chinese medicinal herbs 中草药four properties and five flavors 四气五味the part used for medical purpose入药部分collection of herbs药物采集processing of herbs 炮制eliminating impurity清除杂质mild effect作用和缓relieving exterior syndrome by dispersion发散解表astringing and checking收敛固涩lubricant purgation by softening hardness 软坚润下drying dampness to invigorate the spleen燥湿健脾ascending, descending, sinking and floating升降沉浮channel tropism/channel distribution of medicines归经medication contraindication用药禁忌dosage药物剂量pungent and warm herbs with the function of relieving exterior syndrome 辛温解表药herbs for expelling wind and dampness祛风湿药eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen herbs of mutual antagonism十八反十九畏herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood清热凉血药herbs foreliminating phlegm and stopping cough祛痰止咳药Lesson 17Science of prescription方剂学compatibility配伍关系prescription-formulating principle组成规律modification of prescriptions方剂的加减drug form and dosage 剂型与剂量monarch, minister, assistant and guide君臣佐使toxicity of medicinal herbs药物毒性 moderating the property of herbs 缓和药性guiding action引经报使mediating all herbs in a prescription调和诸药warming channels to dissipate cold温经散寒dispersing lung to relieve asthma宣肺平喘flexible modification灵活化裁clearing away and dispersing stagnated heat 清散郁热modification according to symptoms随症加减processed herbs药物饮片power for oral taking内服散剂medicinal extract for external application 外用膏剂mixed in boiled water for oral taking开水冲服condensed extract浓缩浸膏 Lesson 18acupuncture and moxibustion therapy针灸疗法reinforcing and reducing techniques for needling针刺补泻needling techniques针刺手法methods for needle-inserting进针手法alleviating pain with acupuncture针刺止痛acupuncture anesthesia针刺麻醉needling sensation 针感intradermal needle皮内针angle and depth of needling针刺的角度和深度insertion of needle with double hands双手进针 manipulation of needle行针ear acupuncture therapy耳针疗法lifting, thrusting, twisting and rotating 提插捻转water-acupuncture therapy水针疗法scalp-acupuncture therapy头针疗法blistering moxibustion 化脓灸scarring moxibustion瘢痕灸moxibustion with moxa cone艾炷灸 lamp moxibustion灯火灸needle-warming moxibustion温针灸Lesson 19tuina manipulations推拿手法alleviating pain减轻疼痛exercise for practicing tuina功法训练relaxing muscles放松肌肉relieving muscular tension解除肌肉紧张restricted activity活动受限dislocation of joint关节脱位protrusion of lumbar vertebral disc腰椎间盘突出rotating reduction旋转复位injury of soft tissue软组织损伤adhesion and stiffness of joint 关节粘连僵硬lubricating joint滑利关节reinforcing and reducing manipulation手法补写horizontal pushing with the thumb拇指平推法pushing manipulation with one finger一指禅推法point-pressing manipulation点按法kneading manipulation with the large thenar大鱼际揉法alternated rubbing and kneading交替搓揉injury of lumbar muscles腰肌劳损vertical exertion of force 垂直用力Lesson 20differentiation of tongue manifestations辨舌象differentiation of pulse manifestations辨脉象balancing expelling pathogenic factors with strengthening healthy qi 正邪兼顾thoracic retention of fluid支饮chills in the back/aversion to cold in the back背部恶寒dark complexion/black complexion面色黧黑slippery tongue coating/ moist and glossy tongue coating舌苔水滑taut pulse/wiry pulse 弦脉dispelling pathogenic cold发散寒邪invigorating the stomach to resolve fluid健胃化饮nourishing kidney water to astringe lung qi滋肾水以敛肺气nourishing yin blood to protect liver yin养阴血以护肝阴expelling pathogenic factors without impairing the healthy qi祛邪而不伤正invigorating qi to harmonize the middle-jiao益气和中mediating all herbs in a prescription调和诸药prescriptions for drastic diaphoresis发汗峻剂cold in the exterior and fluid in the interior表寒里饮cold water attacking the stomach水寒犯胃effective prescriptions有效方剂cold limbs in syncope 手足厥冷Lesson 21complementary therapy补充疗法alternative medicine 替代医学rehabilitation process康复过程side-effects副作用active ingredients 有效成分evidence-based data 询证数据double-blind randomized trial双盲随机试验stroke onset中风发病hyper-acute stage超急性期proprietary medicine 专利药品animal models动物模型risk of bleeding出血的危险因素mechanism of action作用机制low-quality medical treatments医疗质量低下 physiotherapy物理疗法 neuroplasticity 神经可塑性mainstream medicine 主流药物antiplatelet agent抗血小板剂microbial analysis微生物分析heavy metal research 重金属研究。
基础中医英语教材-术语英译汇总(修订)
Unit 1：《黄帝内经》Hua ngdi’s Classic on Medicine// Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine《伤寒杂病论》Treatise on Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Diseases《肘后备急方》A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies《千金方》Invaluable Prescriptions《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica《诸病源候论》Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Diseases《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《针灸甲乙经》The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion《素问》Plain Questions //Basic Questions《灵枢》Spiritual Pivot // Miraculous Pivot《五十二病方》Prescriptions for Fifty-two Ailments《本草》Treatise on Herbal Medicine《新修本草》Newly Compiled Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty《唐本草》The Tang-dynasty Materia Medica《胡本草》Tartar Herbal Medicine《脉经》The Pulse Classic湿症damp ailment / 湿证damp syndrome湿dampness挤压病区press on the affected area寒病cold diseases炎症感染inflammatory infection草药麻醉herbal anesthesia保持健康maintain wellness/ maintain health临床经验clinical experience民间医药folk medicine中西医结合integration/combination of TCM and Western medicineintegration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WHO世卫组织)integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (WFCMS世中联)各类预防措施various preventive measures预防伤寒病guard against typhoid第一本中国药典the first official Chinese pharmacopoeia在植物治疗学领域in the domain of phytotherapy精通草药研究versed in herbal medicine study从……而来的治疗方法remedies drawn from…著名中医大师renowned TCM masters/ successful TCM doctors他的植物治疗学领域的医学知识his medical knowledge in the realm of phytotherapy 医药管理与教学the administration and teaching of medicine当代中医药著作contemporary TCM works伤口感染的危险the risk of infection from woundsUnit 2:阴阳学说theory of yin and yang / the yin-yang theory阳中之阳yang within yang阴中之阳yang within yin身体上部the upper part of the body身体下部the lower part of the body内脏internal organs/ viscera疾病发展过程disease progression阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang恢复平衡的治疗手段treatment strategies to restore balance 体表superficial aspects of the body疾病治疗treatment of disease; disease treatment阴虚yin deficiency阳虚yang deficiency阳气yang qi卫气wei qi /defensive qi心情,心境state of mind阴性体质yin constitution阴液耗伤consumption of yin fluid虚证deficiency syndrome实证excess syndrome畏寒intolerance of cold蜷卧huddle up形寒肢冷cold limbs and body面色晄白 a pale / pale and bright complexion语声低微weak voice懒言disinclined to talk呼吸浅弱shallow, weak breathing恶寒aversion to cold体若燔炭hot limbs and body面色发红flushed face声音洪亮loud voice渴喜冷饮thirst with preference for cold drinks不渴喜热饮absence of thirst with preference for hot drinks 小便清长copious and clear urine小便短赤concentrated and dark urine / dark scanty urine 大便干燥dry stools大便溏泻loose stools舌红苔黄red tongue with yellow fur舌淡苔白pale tongue with white fur芤脉hollow pulse洪脉surging pulse阴阳对立opposition of yin and yang / yin-yang opposition阴阳互根mutual rooting of yin and yang / interdependence between yin and yang阴阳消长waxing and waning of yin and yang阴阳转化yin-yang conversion; conversion/ transformation of yin and yang阴阳平衡yin-yang balance阴阳調和yin-yang harmonyUnit 3：生克乘侮：generating, controlling, over-acting, and insulting sequence;generation, restriction, over-whelming/ subjugation, reverse restriction肝藏血, 血舍魂。
中医专业英语课后短语及句子翻译
Unit1Test A1.differentiating syndromes and treatment 辨证论治2.syndrome differentiation with eight principles 八纲辨证3.location of diseases 病变部位4.tendency of pathological changes 病势5.external disease factors 外感病邪6.duration of a disease 病程7.aversion to cold 恶寒8.nasal congestion 鼻塞9.sore,itchy throat 喉痒咽痛10.penetrate from the superficial layers to the interior of the body 由表传里11.changes in tongue coating 舌苔变化12.cold limbs 四肢厥冷13.pallor/pale face 面色苍白14.clear and copious urine 小便清长15.absence of thirst 口不渴16.primary disease 原发病17.pale tongue with white coating 舌淡苔白18.malar flush 颧红19.struggle between the anti-pathogenic factors and pathogenic factors 正邪相争20.yang/yin depletion/collapse 亡阳/亡阴21.reduced appetite 食欲减退22.abdominal distention 腹部胀满23.qi transformation 气化24.pseudo-cold and real heat 真寒假热二句子翻译1.The clinical manifestations of diseases, though intricate, can be analyzed with the eight principles according to the category, location and nature of disease as well as the conflict between the anti-pathogenic factors and pathogenic factors.疾病的临床表现尽管错综复杂，但基本上都可以用八纲从疾病的类别、病性、邪正盛衰方面进行分析。
中医专有术语英文解释
脾虚运化无力而致湿浊内停，虚实夹杂的病
理变化。
脾虚生风
spleen deficiency causing
wind
脾虚气弱，无以濡养筋脉，筋脉失养而虚风
内动的病理变化。
脾不统血
spleen failing to manage
blood
脾气虚弱，不能统摄血液，血溢脉外的病理
内热
endogenous heat
与外热相对，指热邪入里，或阴虚生热，而
致热势明显的病理变化。
热结
heat accumulation
热邪结聚于里的病理变化。
热郁
heat stagnation
情志不舒，肝郁气滞，郁久化热的病理变化。
热闭
heat blockade
热邪壅闭于脏腑经络的病理变化。
热遏
blocked heat
变化。
湿热蕴脾
dampness-heat stagnating in
脾失健运，水湿停滞，湿蕴化热，湿热郁蒸
spleen
的病理变化。
脾失健运
dysfunction of spleen in
transportation
脾运化功能失常的病理变化。
脾虚生痰
spleen deficiency
generating phlegm
肝肾阴亏，水不涵木，肝阳亢逆无制而动风
的病理变化。
热极生风
extreme heat causing wind
邪热炽盛，伤及营血，燔灼肝经，筋脉失养
而竽急抽搐的病理变化。
血虚生风
blood deficiency causing
wind
血液亏虚，筋脉失养，虚风内动的病理变化。
中医经典名词术语英译_2
■ 联合术语的翻译: 联合的四字格术语一 般可用动词（ing）+名词+and+动词
■ （ing）+名词的形式来翻译，如: “补 火壮阳”译为reinforcing fire and strengthening yang；“补脾健胃” 译 为supplement the spleen and fortify the stomach，这两个术语的 两个动宾结构都分别翻译出，并在中间 加上and连接。
■ 肝 liver ■ 心 heart ■ 脾 spleen ■ 肺 lung ■ 肾 kidney ■ 手 hand ■ 脚 foot ■ 四肢 extremities ■ 关节 joint
■ 此外，由于疾病属于客观存在物，不管人们如何称呼它，它总是客观 存在的。所以，中西医在疾病名称方 面，也有部分情况时完全对应的 ，在翻译这些术语时，也可以借助西医术语进行英译，例如:
系, 转折关系等。以目 的关系为例, 可以用英文介词to或者for来表示 如“护肝明目”译为reinforcing the liver’s function to improve the acuity of sight；“活血调经”译为promoting blood flow for regulating menstruation。
I . Translate the following terms and expressions into English:
■ 1.六淫 ■ 2.七情 ■ 3.五行 ■ 4.津液 ■ 5.营血 ■ 6.肝火
II.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
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中医英语术语翻译重点中医英语术语翻译重点天人相应Correspondence of human body and natural environment辨证论治treatment based onsyndrome differentiation针灸acupuncture and moxibustion寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in nature滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire整体观念concept of holism开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease 异病同治same therapeutic method used to treating different diseases 从阴引阳drawing yang from yin阴平阳秘balance of yin and yang寒极生热extreme cold generating heat热极生寒 extreme heat gernerating cold病机总纲general rule of pathogenesis祛风散寒eliminating wind and dispersing cold实则泻之treating excess syndromes with reduction虚寒证deficiency cold syndrome实热症 excess heat syndrome潜阳熄风suppressing yang and eliminating wind补其不足 supplement insufficiency泻其有余 reduce excess五行学说the theory of five elements木曰曲直wood characterized by bending and straightening火曰炎上fire characterized by flaring up土爰稼穑earth characterized by sowing and reaping金曰从革metal characterized by clearing and changing水曰润下water characterized by moistening and descending母病及子illness of mother viscera affecting the child one子病及母illness of child viscera affecting the mother one相乘相侮over restriction and counter-restriction心火亢盛exuberant fire in the heart肾阳式微declination of kidney yang平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水火不济between water and fire奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs藏象学说the theory of visceral manifestation藏而不泻storage without discharge泻而不藏discharge without storage形体诸窍physical build and various orifices其华在面the luster manifesting upon the face满而不实 full but not to be solid实而不满solid but not to be full心主血脉heart governing blood and vessels肺司呼吸lung controlling breathing脾主运化spleen governing transportation and transformation肝主疏泄liver controlling conveyance and dispersion肾主藏精kidney governing storing essence面色无华lusterless complexion汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin升降出入ascending, descending, going out and going in宣发肃降dispersion, purification and descent后天之本acquired base of life肝气逆上upward adverse flow of liver qi先天之精innate essence奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs孤俯isolated fu-organ腐熟水谷digest water and food七冲门the seven important portals胆主决断The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid先天禀赋innateness温养腑脏warming and nourishing the viscera津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin气为血帅，血为气母Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi. 益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse奇经八脉eight extraordinary vessels十二经筋tendons of the twelve regular meridians舒经活络soothing meridians and activating collaterals刺络拔罐collateral pricking and cupping therapy腠理闭塞stagnation of interstitial space湿邪困脾pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen外感六淫six excesses pathogenic factors饮食劳倦mproper diet and overstrain阳常有余，阴常不足Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.四大经典Four GreatClassic:Huangdi s Canon of Medicine黄帝内经Classic of Difficulties难经Shennong s Classic of Materia Medica神农本草经Rreatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases伤寒杂病论四气four properties:cold,,hot,warm,cool五味five flavors:sour,bitter,sweet,pungent,salty(中药)七情seven conditions of ingredients in prescriptionsSingle effect,mutual reinforcement,mutual assistance,mutual restraint,mutual inhibition,mutual antagonism,mutual suppression寒凉派Liu Wansu-School of Cold and Cool攻下派Zhang Congzheng-School of Purgation补土派Li Gao-School of Reinforcing the Earth滋阴派Zhu Zhenheng-School of Nourishing Yin辛温中药herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature辛凉中药herbs pungent in taste and cool in narure向日为阳，背日为阴The side facing the sun belongs to yang and the reverse side to yin,血液常行的前提条件：心气充沛，血液充盈，脉道通利Normal circulation of blood:abundance of heart qi,sufficiency of blood,vessels are prerequisite.四气；元气primordial qi，宗气pectoral qi，营气nutrient qi，卫气defensive qi内生五邪；内风，内寒，内湿，内燥，内火Five internal excesses;internal wind.internal cold,internal dampness,inrenal dryness,internal fire内伤七情Internal injury due to sevenemotions;joy,anger,anxiety,thought,sorrow,fear,fright怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，惊则气乱。
思则气结;excessive anger drives qi to flow upward,excessive joy makes qi sluggish,excessive sorrow consumes qi,excessive fear drives qi to flow downward,excessive fright disorders qi,excessive thought stagnates qi,六淫：风寒暑湿燥火wind,cold,summerheat,dampness,dryness,fire阴阳关系：oppose each other,depend on each other,wane and wax between each other,transform between each other.五行特征：generation,restriction,subjugation,counter-restriction.气的功能：promoting,warming,defending,consolidating,transforming气血关系：qi generates blood,qi propels blood,qi commands blood to circulate inside vessels to avoid bleeding,blood generates qi,blood carries qi.气与体液的关系：qi generates body fluid,qi promotes the flow of body fluid,qi controls body fluid,body fluid carries qi,body fluid generates qi.气冲门分类：飞门flying portal（唇lips）户门house portal（齿teeth）吸门inhaling portal（会厌epiglottis）贲门cardia（胃上口upperoppening of the stomach）幽门pylorus（胃下口lower opening of the stomach）阑门railing portal（小肠下口与大肠上口连接处conjunction of the large intestine and small intestine）魄门corporeal soul portal （肛门anus）精气为满，水谷为实。