倒装句、强调句、主谓一致

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高中英语语法专题-强调句、倒装句和主谓一致-课时1

说明原句
例句
She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. 她上个星期天在玛丽的生日聚会上遇见了约翰。
强调主语强调宾语
→ It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.
等开头的句子中，常 Often did she visit Lily on her way back home. 她常常在回家
用部分倒装
的路上去拜访莉莉。
情况
例句
Had you come with us, I think you would have enjoyed 虚拟条件从句的谓 Europe too. 你要是和我们一起来了的话，我觉得你也会语含有were, had 和爱上欧洲。 should时，可省去if Should it rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off. ，将这些词移至主要是明天下雨，运动会就延期。
装
had wasted. 直到开始工作，我才意识到我以前浪费了多
少时间。
情况
例句
Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake. 直 “only+状语” 到那时，他才意识到自己犯了个错误。放在句首，要 Only in this way can we solve this problem. 只有这样，用部分倒装我们才能解决这个问题。
→ It was John whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.

高中英语语法专题-强调句、倒装句和主谓一致-课时2

名词，则谓语动词 popular. 丛林徒步旅行、钓鱼、骑马、网球运动、高尔夫球运动和
也用复数形式帆船运动都很受欢迎。
动名词短语作主语 Giving up using the Net is the best decision I’ve ever made. 放弃使用时，谓语动词用单因特网是我所做的最好的决定。数形式不定式短语作主语 To answer that question is not easy. 回答那个问题不容易。时，谓语动词用单数形式
情况
由连词and或both…and 连接的主语，其谓语动词用复数形式；但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，谓语动词就用单数形式
例句 Joan and Lily are twins. 琼与莉莉是孪生姐妹。 Bread and milk is healthy food. 面包牛奶是健康食品。 Fish and chips is popular with children. 炸鱼土豆片很受孩子喜爱。
形式
cleaning the river. 政府也已经投资净化河水。
情况
例句
what, who, which, any,
Who likes / like playing computer games? 谁喜欢玩电脑
more, all 等代词可用作单数游戏？
，也可用作复数，主要靠 What is / are on the table? 桌子上有什么？
课时2 【核心知识：主谓一致】
1. 表解主谓一致
（3）主谓一致的三个原则
知识拓展
①语法一致谓语动词与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式。

高考英语语法复习特殊句式：倒装句,强调句,反义疑问句,感叹句,祈使句,省略和主谓一致)

7.在肯定的祈使句后,用 will you? would you? won’t you? 在否定的祈使句后,只能用 will you?
Let’s go, ______? Let us listen to Monique, ______? 8.在Let’s祈使句后加上 shall we?, 在Let us(me, him..) 后加上 will you? 或 won’t you?
I’m a beautiful English teacher, ______?
5.如果主语是 l’m，后反意部分用aren’t l
My dog can swim, ______?
6.情态动词的反意疑问句 …陈述句, 情态动词+主语?
Speak louder, ________? Don’t love me, ________?
作定语修饰名词
名词前有little ,few, much, many修饰--用how感叹
many changes we have had in China these years !
Class Rules
Be sure to get here before nine. Please come here on time. Don’t be late.
祈使句中只有you和someone可以省略
Monique is a good teacher, ________?
陈述句+疑问部分？
前肯后否前否后肯
This is a dictionary, ________?
Those are lamps, ________?
1.陈述部分的主语是this, that时，疑问部分的主语多用it;

高考英语倒装句和强调句考点总结及真题解析

考点26 倒装句和强调句高考频度：★★★★☆倒装句考向一全部倒装把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。

主要有：1.there be 句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。

如：There are many students in the classroom.教室里有许多学生。

Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much.很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。

There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out.起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。

John opened the door. There _________ he had never seen before.A. a girl did standB. a girl stoodC. did a girl standD. stood a girl【答案】D【解析】考查倒装。

表示存在关系的句子，将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时，若主语为名词，应采用完全倒装语序。

此题中将表地点的副词.there提到了句首，而且主语为名词a girl，所以要采用完全倒装语序，所以选D项。

2.Here/There/Now＋vi.（常为come, go）＋主语（必须是名词）此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。

如：Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

→I can hear the bell ringing.Here comes the bus.汽车来了。

There he comes.他来了。

这种句型不能用现在进行时。

一眼秒懂英语语法

要一眼秒懂英语语法，需要掌握以下几个关键点：
1. 单词和词组：这是语法的基础。

你需要积累足够的词汇量，并理解常用词组和短语的用法。

2. 时态和语态：英语中有很多时态和语态，这些时态和语态的使用方法需要熟练掌握。

例如，现在时、过去时、将来时，以及被动语态等。

3. 句子结构：英语中的句子结构有很多种，包括简单句、复合句和复杂句。

你需要理解这些句子结构的特点和构成方式。

4. 主谓一致：在英语中，主语和谓语之间要保持一致。

这意味着在单数主语后面要用单数动词形式，复数主语后面要用复数动词形式。

5. 虚拟语气：虚拟语气是一种表达假设或想象情况的语法形式。

你需要了解如何使用虚拟语气来表达假设、愿望或建议等。

6. 从句和定语从句：从句和定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。

你需要理解什么是从句，什么是定语从句，以及它们的使用方法。

7. 修饰词和限定词：修饰词和限定词的使用可以增强句子的表达效果。

你需要了解如何使用形容词、副词、冠词和介词等修饰词和限定词。

8. 倒装句和强调句：倒装句和强调句是英语语法中的特殊形式。

你需要了解如何使用倒装句和强调句来突出句子的重点或强调某些信息。

掌握以上知识点可以帮助你一眼秒懂英语语法。

然而，这需要大量的练习和实践。

建议多读英文文章、多听英语广播、多写英语作文，以提高你的英语语法水平。

倒装句语法知识点归纳总结

倒装句语法知识点归纳总结倒装句是英语中的一种句法结构，与普通句序不同，将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前，从而改变了句子的语序。

倒装句在表达强调、修辞、疑问和条件等方面起到重要的作用。

本文将对倒装句的基本结构、分类、用法和注意事项进行总结和归纳。

一、倒装句的基本结构1. 完全倒装句：将谓语动词或助动词完全放在主语之前。

例：In the garden stood a beautiful flower.Behind the house lies a large garden.2. 部分倒装句：将助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前。

例：He can speak three languages.Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.二、倒装句的分类1. 谓语倒装句：将谓语动词完全或部分地放在主语之前。

例：She is coming. -> Is she coming?He has never been to Japan. -> Never has he been to Japan.2. 状语倒装句：将表示地点、时间、方向、原因、条件等的状语放在句首，主语和谓语动词保持原来的顺序。

例：Away went the train.In the distance could be seen a tall tower.3. 主从倒装句：主句和从句中的主语-谓语结构进行倒装。

例：Not until she finished her homework did she go to bed.Only when the rain stopped could we go outside.三、倒装句的用法1. 强调句：通过倒装句，可以将句子的某一部分进行强调，常用的结构是完全倒装句和部分倒装句。

例：Not only did he win the game, but he also broke the record.Under no circumstances should you touch the red button.2. 疑问句：直接将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前形成疑问句。

近五年高考英语真题解析——主谓一致

近五年高考英语真题解析——主谓一致主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，根据近年的高考真题分析，主谓一致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点，学生们可以结合真题进行学习。

考点掌握1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致；2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配；3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致；4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。

1.（2020∙新课标Ⅰ卷）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂.【67题答案】means【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。

句意：“这使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。

”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。

【68题答案】is constructed【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。

句意同上。

分析句子可知，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。

2.（2020∙天津卷）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since.A.are remainingB.have remainedC.is remainingD.has remained【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。

句子的基本结构和语序

句子的基本结构和语序句子是语言的基本单位，它由词语组成，通过特定的结构和语序来表达意思。

句子的结构和语序对于语言的准确表达和交流起着至关重要的作用。

在学习和使用语言时，了解句子的基本结构和语序是必不可少的。

一、句子的基本结构句子的基本结构由主语、谓语、宾语和其他成分组成。

主语通常指的是句子中的主要主体，谓语是表示动作或状态的核心，宾语则是谓语动作的承受者或影响者。

1. 主语：句子中的主要主体，它可以是一个名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或从句等。

例句：The cat is sleeping.（这只猫正在睡觉。

）2. 谓语：句子中表示动作或状态的核心部分，通常由动词来充当。

例句：She is studying for the exam.（她正在为考试而学习。

）3. 宾语：句子中谓语动作的承受者或影响者，通常为名词、代词或从句等。

例句：He bought a new car.（他买了一辆新车。

）除了主语、谓语和宾语外，句子中还可以包含状语、补语、定语等成分，以增加句子的表达能力和准确性。

二、句子的语序语序指的是句子中词语的排列顺序。

不同语言有不同的语序规律，对于汉语和英语来说，常见的语序有主谓宾、主宾谓、谓宾主等。

1. 主谓宾语序这是英语中使用最广泛的语序，常用来表达一般陈述句的基本结构。

即主语+谓语+宾语。

例句：She eats an apple.（她吃一个苹果。

）2. 主宾谓语序这种语序常用于疑问句中，也可用于强调某个成分。

即主语+宾语+谓语。

例句：What did you eat for breakfast?（你早餐吃了什么？）3. 谓宾主语序这种语序常用于强调句，将宾语或状语放在句首以突出重点。

即谓语+宾语+主语。

例句：In the garden, I found a beautiful flower.（在花园里，我发现一朵美丽的花。

）除了以上常用的语序外，还存在其他多种语序形式，如倒装句、感叹句等。

(江苏)2020高考复习：专题11 特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓一致等常考点

专题十一特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓一致等)常考点近几年，高考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，因此，也加大了在语境中综合考查语法知识的力度。

在考查强调句的同时，把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到一起，考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力。

1强调句①构成和判断：“It is/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/方式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指人可用who)＋句子的其余部分”。

如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。

如：Was_it on the street that_you met Tom?What_was_it_that made him upset?Do you know what_it_was_that_made_him_upset?[注]强调句型用于宾语从句时应用陈述语序。

③not until的强调句，其结构为“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”。

如：It was not until I came back that he left.④强调谓语用“does/do/did＋动词原形”。

如：He did come back yesterday.①In my opinion，Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.A. does doesB. does didC. does doD. did do②—What did she want to know，Tom?—She wondered ________ we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that③It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.A. where；thatB. which；whenC. that；thatD. which；which④—________ that he managed to get the information?—Oh，a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it⑤It was about 600 years ago ________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when【答案】①C②D③C④C⑤A2it 用法①指代上文的同名同物。

高三英语主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句知识精讲

高三英语主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【本讲主要内容】主谓一致和强调句、祈使句、倒装句【知识总结归纳】I. 主谓一致小结：主谓一致就是指英语的句子中，句子的主语和谓语动词在单复数的意义表达上达到一致。

主谓一致在高中英语中是很常见的语法现象。

处理主谓一致有三条原则：（1）语法一致（2）意义一致（3）就近原则1. 谓语采取就近原则：either…or…, n either…nor…, or, not only…but （also）…, 等连接两个主语，谓语采取就近原则，与最靠近的主语一致。

Neither he nor they have been to that valley near the city.Is either he or you going to visit the museum?做主语时，谓语与B一致。

2. “not A but B”　做主语时，谓语与A一致。

“A and not B”　Not you but he is the winner of the match.You and not he are the winner of the match.3. and，both…and 连接并列主语，谓语通常用复数。

但是，并列主语如果指同一人，同一事物，或同一概念时，谓语用单数。

The poet and writer has come.A knife and fork is on the dinner table.另外，当and 连接的两个单数名词分别被every, each, no修饰时，谓语仍用单数。

Each boy and each girl wants to see the famous film and get a picture of the film star.4. 单个的动名词短语，不定式短语，主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数；并列的此类结构做主语，谓语用复数。

Seeing is believing.To go to the palace with just a flower is to say, “I’m poor. I haven’t any jewelry.Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important in learning English.5. 表示金钱，度量，时间，距离，路程等复数名词做主语时，一般把这些复数名词视为一个整体，其后谓语动词用单数。

有关特殊句式的几个考点归纳

考点剖析常见的特殊句式有倒装句、强调句、省略句。

这些特殊句式在考试中出现频率很高，且考查时会结合其它的知识点进行综合考查，从而增加了考查的难度。

这就需要学生掌握各类特殊句的功能以及用法。

下面结合近几年的考题进行分析，旨在帮助学生更加高效地掌握特殊句式的运用方法。

一、强调句考点分析强调句是为了表达说话者的感情色彩，着重强调的成分。

被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语等。

强调的成分不同，则表达的意思重点亦不同。

学生可通过掌握不同的句式结构，分析强调句强调的成分，选用准确的引导词。

如，2021年山西大同学情调研第65题：It is through responsibility,self-regulation and collective dis-cipline____Parisians will help health workers in their fight against the epidemic(流行病).解析：句子结构为“It is＋被强调的部分（self-reg⁃ulation and collective discipline）＋that/who＋其他部分”，被强调的部分是方式状语，则空处需用that。

句子大意：正是通过责任、自律、集体纪律，巴黎人能帮助卫生工作者抗击疫情。

2020年黑龙江大庆实验中学开学考试第65题：It’s in this magical world_____Miguel gets to discov-er the truth about his great-great-grandpa.解析：根据句子结构推知是强调句型，强调的是空前的in this magical world（地点状语），则空处需填that。

2019年上海卷第27题：...it is on the same beach...____the females lay...解析：通过分析，可知是强调句，即去掉“It is/It was”和that之后，不影响句子结构和意义的完整性。

新高考语法知识点总结归纳

新高考语法知识点总结归纳新高考英语改革后，语法知识点的考察更加注重实际应用和语境理解。

以下是对新高考英语语法知识点的总结归纳：一、时态和语态1. 一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作或状态。

2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。

3. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。

4. 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

5. 一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或状态。

6. 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果。

7. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。

二、非谓语动词1. 动名词：用作主语、宾语等，表示抽象动作。

2. 不定式：表示未完成的动作或目的。

3. 分词：现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词，用作定语、状语等。

三、从句1. 名词性从句：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

2. 状语从句：包括时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步等状语从句。

3. 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句，通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

四、虚拟语气1. 用于表示与现实相反的情况或不太可能发生的事情。

2. 常见于if条件句、wish/as if/it's time等结构中。

五、直接引语和间接引语1. 直接引语：直接引用别人的原话。

2. 间接引语：转述别人的话，需要根据时态、人称等进行调整。

六、主谓一致1. 单数主语用单数动词形式。

2. 复数主语用复数动词形式。

3. 不定代词如each, every, no, anyone等作主语时，动词用单数形式。

七、倒装句和强调句1. 倒装句：为了强调或语法需要，将句子的主语和助动词颠倒位置。

2. 强调句：通过倒装或某些特定结构来强调句子的某一部分。

八、连接词1. 并列连词：and, but, or, yet, for, nor, so等。

2. 从属连词：because, if, though, although, since等。

九、介词和介词短语1. 介词通常放在名词或代词前，表示时间、地点、方向等。

主谓一致倒装强调

主谓一致倒装强调主谓一致考点1 就远一致原则As well as , with ,together with ,along with ,like ,but ,rather than ,including ,in addition to 等连接两个主语谓语动词的数要和前者保持一致The leader and writer as well as some of our English teachers _______ (give ) a chance to go abroad last year .I think Tom rather than you ______ (blame ) for the accident .2 就近一致原则or , either… or , nether… nor , not only… but also 等连接的两个主语谓语的数应和后者保持一致。

Either you or one of your students ____ (be ) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow .There _____ (be ) three books and a pen on the desk .3 意义一致原则由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一个概念，兼具身份或匹配出现时，谓语动词用单数形式。

The poet and writer _____ (produce ) many works in the last senven years.No /each/every/many a +单数名词+ no/each/every/many a +单数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数Every man and every woman ______ (have ) a good reason to be proud of the work done by their father .非谓语动词，名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数Listening to music _____ (make ) me relaxed after a busy day .Many a /more than one +单数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数Many a parent _____ (have ) had to go through this same painful process .All ,the ,rest ,the remaining/part +主语，几分之几，百分之几+名词，谓语动词应根据之后名词的单复数确定。

特殊句式(强调、省略、主谓一致、倒装及其他)高考英语语法

find out ________ the rich merchant.
A．who it was that killed C．it was who killed 解析： B．who was it that killed D．who was it killed
考查强调句型。强调句型的疑问句结构为：疑问词＋is it
Dr Smith 将在今年夏天和妻子女儿们一起游览北京。
In my opinion，he，rather than you，is to blame. 依我看来，他，而不是你该受谴责。
(2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主
语保持一致。
There is a pencil and two pens in the pencilbox. 文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。 2．意义一致原则 (1)谓语动词为单数的情况
2．(2011· 潍坊质量监测)When people cut down big trees，new
trees should be planted.________they will have no trees to cut down in the
future. A．If not C．If no so 解析： B．If so D．If don’t
语动词应该与or后面的名词保持一致，使用单数；根据语意可知，应该
使用被动语态。
答案： A
2．(2010· 海淀第二学期期末)—Have you heard that Jones，along
＋that...而这里是强调句的疑问句结构作宾语，故用正常的陈述语序，
所以答案为A。
答案： A
1．在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，

英语课件(主谓一致,虚拟语气,强调句,构词法,非谓语动词,倒装语句)

既是教育家又是作家的他在年轻人中很受欢迎。
（3）当一个句子有两个主语，这两主语又是由“not only…but also”，“either…or…”, “neither…nor”连接起来时，谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致。
例如：Either they or she is to come. 不是他们就是她会去的。
例如：A lot of machinery was imported from abroad.
很多机器是从外国进口的。
The suite of furniture he bought was quite expensive.
他买的那套家具太贵了。
(3) 有一些集体名词既可以作单数，也可以作复数，如audience, committee, class（班级），crew（全体船员或机组人员），family, government, public（公众）等。如果将该名词所表示的集体视为一个整体，则其谓语动词用单数。
例如：Plastics and rubber never rot．塑料和橡胶永远不会腐烂。
（2）并列主语如果指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
例如：The educator and writer is very popular among the youth.
例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.
桌上有一支笔，一把刀和几本书。
1.2. 基本规律
主谓一致所遵循的三个原则在实际使用中往往受到习惯用法和不同具体情况的制约，其中也有一些基本规律可以依循，分别以以下几个规律为主。

主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析

主谓一致、强调句和倒装句、情态动词和虚拟语气讲解以及习题详细解析主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。

有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。

处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。

一、语法上的一致一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。

例如：Learning English is very important.学习英语是很重要的。

The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.Both Bob and Tom are my friends.但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人，同一类物，谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如：A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.由and连接的并列单数主语前，如果分别有each, every等修饰时，谓语要用单数。

例如：Every boy and every girl was given a present.Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.二、意义上的一致主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数；反之主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数。

如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量时，这些单位虽是复数形式，但谓语动词是单数形式。

例如：It seems to me that five years is so short a time.Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.有些集体名词，如family, group, class等作主语时，作为整体看待，谓语动词要用单数，就其中一个个成员而言，谓语要用复数。

例如：My family is a happy one.My family are watching TV.三、就近一致出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。

教师招聘考试英语专业知识—句法(主谓一致,倒装,强调)

教师招聘考试英语专业知识—句法（主谓一致，倒装，强调）教育，是增进人知识技能，发展人智力、体力和思想品德的社会活动。

知识教育的内容含义，也是我们日后成为教师要做的事情，也是我们在教育学的学习中要核心解决的问题。

在教育学基础部分，我们主要要掌握教育的相关概述，如教育现象的起源与发展，教育学的创立与发展，教育的规律等;教育的相关内涵，如教育制度，教育目的，教育的形式;教育实施中的微观内容，如教师和学生的关系，教学和德育以及班主任的管理工作等。

下面是教综考点集锦，能把这些知识点吃透，那就肯定能取得一个好成绩，离成功上岸更进一步。

主谓一致一、就近原则1.由并列结构或连词（either...or，neither...nor，not...but，not only...but also，or等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。

Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.2.在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。

There is a book and some pens on the desk.There comes the bus.3.在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。

I know the man who is talking to my father.4.在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。

It is Mary’s brother who/that was injured in the car accident yesterday.二、意义一致原则1.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，besides，except，but，including等短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。

I along with my sister am going to Shanghai next month.2.由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。

语法中的强调句与倒装句

语法中的强调句与倒装句强调句是我们常用的一种表达方式，它可以用来强调句子中的某个成分或者信息。

倒装句则是一种特殊的句子结构，常用于强调句子中的某个部分或者突出句子的语气。

在语法中，强调句和倒装句都具有重要的作用，并且在实际的写作和口语表达中经常被使用。

本文将详细讨论语法中的强调句和倒装句及其用法。

一、强调句1. 强调方式强调句可以通过在句子中加入特定的词语或者短语来强调某个成分或者信息。

常见的强调方式包括：- 使用it is/was ... that结构- 在某个成分前加入副词或者短语- 使用特定的强调词，如only, even, just等2. 强调句的结构强调句的结构可以根据具体的语境进行灵活的变化，但通常遵循以下结构：- It is/was ... that结构：强调句子中的某个成分或者信息例如：It was at the party that I met my old friend.正是在派对上，我遇到了我的老朋友。

- 在某个成分前加入副词或者短语例如：I found the book on the table.是我在桌子上找到了那本书。

- 使用特定的强调词例如：Only you can solve this problem.只有你可以解决这个问题。

3. 强调句的注意事项在使用强调句时，需要注意以下几点：- 强调的成分通常放在句首或者句末，以突出其重要性。

- 强调句的语序和一般句子不同，需要注意语法结构的调整。

- 强调句的使用应适度，过多的强调可能会导致语言过于夸张或者武断。

二、倒装句1. 倒装句的分类倒装句是指将句子的主语和谓语动词的位置进行互换的一种语法结构。

根据倒装的具体方式，可以将倒装句分为以下几种类型：- 完全倒装：将句子的全部动词进行倒装。

- 部分倒装：将助动词或情态动词与主语进行倒装。

- 省略倒装：省略句子中的某些成分以实现倒装。

2. 倒装句的用法倒装句常常用于以下几种情况：- 在以never, not, nor, only等否定词开头的句子中，将谓语动词与主语倒装。

倒装句与强调句等（08.3.23）

倒装句与强调句等（08.3.23）倒装句与强调句、情态动词、主谓一致及反意疑问语法说明详见《B级考点研究与训练指南》p.50—52；p.54－56 补充：◆在hardly/scarcely.., when... 和no sooner.., than... 句型中当hardly 或no sooner 放在句首时，要倒装。

这类句型的从句常用过去完成时。

1. got in the wheat than it began to rain heavily. ----[B]A. No sooner have theyB. No sooner had theyC. No sooner they haveD. No sooner they had◆情态动词在英语应用能力考试中，主要考查情态动词与完成体的搭配。

如：should + have + 过去分词：表示应该发生却没有发生的事must + have +过去分词：表示对过去事情的肯定推测could／might／may／can + have + 过去分词：表示对事情的推测，程度视情态动词而定[历年典型考题]1. He told me that I be present at the ceremony.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. might2. Mary has got a full mark in the test. She very hard all these days.A. will workB. may workC. must have workedD. could have worked3. The manager, as well as his advisers, to attend the world fair.A. are agreedB. were agreedC. have agreedD. has agreed4. Either of the children quite capable of looking after the baby.A. areB. beC. isD. have been5. It was in the lab taken charge of by Prof. Harvis they did the experiment.A. thatB. whenC. whomD. so6. Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.A. have I realizedB. I have realizedC. did I realizeD. I realized7. got in the wheat than it began to rain heavily.A. No sooner have theyB. No sooner they haveC. No sooner had theyD. No sooner they had8. It was in that small village our president was born.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. as9. It was not until the accident happened .A. when I realized carelessnessB. that I realized my carelessnessC. as I realized my carelessnessD. when my carelessness has been realized10. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice the danger.A. did he noticeB. had he noticedC. that he noticedD. he didn't notice11. Little that the police are about to arrest him.A. he knowsB. he doesn't knowC. does he knowD. doesn't he know12. Not until quite recently any idea of what a guided rocket is like.A. did I haveB. do I haveC. should I haveD. would I have13. The children from the US got used to (eat) Chinese food quite soon.14. I've lived in Chongqing for several years and I 'm now accustomed to (eat) hot food.15. The girls happily look forward to (meet) the movie star atthe party.[强化训练]1. By no means look down upon the poor.A. we shallB. shall weC. should weD. we should2. Not until many years later, known.A. was the whole truth becomeB. did the whole truth becomeC. the whole truth becameD. the whole truth had became3. Never before so highly successful in changing his surroundings.A. man has beenB. man isC. has man beenD. is man4. It was because the applicant was too proud he failed in the interview.A. therefore B that C. so that D. so5. Not until Mr. Smith came to China what kind of countries she is.A. he knewB. he didn't knowC. did he knowD. he couldn't know6. Scarcely themselves in their seats in the cinema when the curtain went up.A. had they settledB. they had settledC. did they settleD. they settled7. At no time and under no circumstances the first to use nuclear weapons.A. China will beB. will China beC. will be ChinaD. shall China be8. , he had no intention of waiting for three hours.A. As he was patientB. Patient was as heC. Patient he wasD. Patient as he was9. I didn't go to the party yesterday. .A. Neither did my classmatesB. My classmates did neitherC. So did my classmatesD. My classmates did so10. Up went the prices and .A. the salaries came downB. down did the salaries comeC. came down the salariesD. down came the salaries11. She never laughed, lose her temper.A. or she ever didB. nor did she everC. or did she everD. nor she ever did12. Not only difficult to light, but it smelled of oil.A. was itB. it madeC. did it madeD. it was13. Only in this way to do the work well.A. so we can hopeB. we can hopeC. you will hopeD. can we hope14. the serious consequences of the accident.A. Ever she realizedB. Never she realizedC. Little did she realizeD. Nothing did she realize15. got on the train when it started to move.A. Rarely did IB. Scarcely had IC. No sooner had ID. Hardly I had16. By no means look down upon the poor.A. we shouldB. ought weC. we shallD. should we17. at first, they came to an agreement in the end.A. Much as they differedB. As much they differedC. As they much differedD. As they differed much18. Seldom any mistakes during my past five years of servicehere.A. would I make B did I make C. should I make D. I did make19. At no time, neither today nor in the future, a superpower.A. will china never beB. China will beC. will China beD. China should be20. My sister had a cold last week, so .A. I hadB. I didC. had ID. did I2l. Nowhere in the city such beautiful parks in London.A. I seeB. I have seenC. did I seeD. have I seen22. No sooner had he put down the receiver the telephone rang again.A. thanB. whenC. untilD. then23. punctually at 8:45 , we wouldn't miss the opening ceremony.A. If our train had arrivedB. If our train arrivesC. Had our train arrivedD. Were our train to arrive24. she was, she was quite experienced in this work.A. Young asB. Though youngC. Even if youngD. In spite of young25. We have been told that only when we have acquired a good knowledge of grammar writecorrectly.A. can't weB. can weC. we canD. we will26. you asked me, I would have given you the answer.A. WhenB. IfC. ShouldD. Had27. had I gone to sleep than Tom came.A. No soonerB. HardlyC. As soon asD. Rarely28. You don't know what to do now, .A. so do IB. nor I doC. neither do ID. I don't neither29. Not only about the food, he also refused to pay for it.A. did the customer complainB. the customer complainedC. when the customer complainedD. the customer did complain30. the 1500's the first Europeans explored the coast of California.A. It was not until / thenB. It was not until / whenC. It is not until / thatD. It was not until / that31. He's taken his medicine, ?A. hasn't heB. didn't heC. doesn't heD. isn't he32. Let's go swimming, ?A. will weB. don't weC. are weD. shall we33. Marther almost never studied, ?A. did sheB. would sheC. had sheD. didn't she34. There is not much news in today's paper, ?A. isn't itB. are thereC. is thereD. aren't there35. Only one of these computers made in Japan; the others home-made.A. were, wereB. was, was C were, was D. was, were36. she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A. That was from Stephen thatB. It was Stephen whomC. It was from Stephen thatD. It was Stephen that37. It was not until he arrived at the station he realized that he had forgotten his ticket.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. after38. I have two daughters but of them likes sweets.A. bothB. neitherC. eitherD. none39. How close parents are to their children a strong influence on the character of the children.A. haveB. hasC. havingD. to have40. The office staff gathered to hear the president speak.A. isB. areC. beD. will41. Each of you responsible for the accident.A. areB. isC. amD. be42. — " ten dollars a big sum to him?"— "I suppose so."A. IsB. Will beC. AreD. Were43. A number of cars parked in front of my house.A. isB. areC. wasD. has44. The number of students in the class limited to fifteen.A. haveB. areC. isD. will45. Before we commence again, let me give you a word or two of advice, ?A. shall IB. don't IC. will youD. won't you46. We had to wait a long time to get our visas, ?A. don't weB. didn't weC. couldn't weD. shouldn't we。