201X届中考英语专题复习 专题十二 动词的语态
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4.主动语态表示被动意义的几种情况 （1）不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见的动词是： cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。如： The books sell well. 这些书销售得很好。
（2）系动词无被动语态。如： The apples taste nice. 苹果尝起来很好吃。 （3）不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。如：The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 （4）“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个结构也表达了一种被动的意思。如： I’ll have the bike repaired soon. 我将尽快请人修理这辆自行车。 （5）在need后面，接动词的-ing形式表达被动的意思。如：Your vegetables need watering. 你的蔬菜需要浇水了。
B into the river. B. shouldn’t be thrown D. shouldn’t throw C in the school hall next
B. has been given D. will give
专题十二 动词的语态
动词的语态
分析近3年甘肃中考真题可以看出，动词的语态跟动词的时态一样， 属于每年中考的重点。涉及题型主要在语法与情景对话、完形填空和词 汇考查中。一般会和时态合在一起考查，考生在做题时，可以根据语态 排除错误选项，最后再细读题干，判断哪种时态，最终确定答案。
1 被动语态的构成
1.中考需掌握的各种时态的被动语态的构成见下表：
3.说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语态。常 用句型： It is said that…据说……；It is reported that…据报道……；It is hoped that…希望……；It is believed that…人们相信……；It is (well) known that…众所周知……
时态
一般现在时 （2017省卷
78题）
一般过去时 （2016省卷
38题）
被动语态构成
am/is/are+ 动词的过去分词
was/were+ 动词的过去分词
例句 The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打
扫。 The dumplings were made yesterday. 饺子是
昨天包的。
时态 一般将来时 （2015兰州
36题）
含情态动词
被动语态构成
will/shall be+ 动词的过去分词
情态动词+be+ 动词的过去分词
2.主动语态转化为被动语态的方法
例句 A new hospital will be built next year. 明年一个 新的医院将被建立。
The work must be finished on time. 这项工
考点小练 1.You will be given(give) another day to make your own decision.
2.During the Spring Festival, paper cuttings are put (put) on windows, doors and walls.
6.Many houses B became homeless. A. damaged C. were damaging
by the earthquake and thousands of people
B. were damaged D. are damaged
7.We
C to start at once, or we will miss the train.
2 被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 昨天晚上一些新电脑被 偷了。 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如： The homework must be handed in on time. 家庭作业必须按时交上来。
来自百度文库A. tell
B. have told
C. are told
D. told
8.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish A. needn’t be thrown C. needn’t throw
9.A wonderful English speech contest Monday. A. be given C. will be given
作必须按时完成。
3.被动语态的几种特殊情况
（1）make, see, watch, hear, notice, feel等实义动词或感官动词在主动语态中与 省略to的动词不定式连用，但变为被动语态时，必须还原to。如： I often see the old man run in the morning. 我经常看见这位老人在早上跑步。 The old man is often seen to run in the morning. 这位老人常被看见在早上跑步。 （2）一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应视为一个整体，而不能丢掉其中 的介词或副词。如： The little dog must be looked after well. 这只小狗必须被好好照顾。
3.Chinese New Year is called (call) the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
4.Sorry, you can’t take this seat. It was taken (take).
5.You should try your best to make sure that the plant is watered (water) once a day if you want it to grow well.
（2）系动词无被动语态。如： The apples taste nice. 苹果尝起来很好吃。 （3）不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。如：The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 （4）“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个结构也表达了一种被动的意思。如： I’ll have the bike repaired soon. 我将尽快请人修理这辆自行车。 （5）在need后面，接动词的-ing形式表达被动的意思。如：Your vegetables need watering. 你的蔬菜需要浇水了。
B into the river. B. shouldn’t be thrown D. shouldn’t throw C in the school hall next
B. has been given D. will give
专题十二 动词的语态
动词的语态
分析近3年甘肃中考真题可以看出，动词的语态跟动词的时态一样， 属于每年中考的重点。涉及题型主要在语法与情景对话、完形填空和词 汇考查中。一般会和时态合在一起考查，考生在做题时，可以根据语态 排除错误选项，最后再细读题干，判断哪种时态，最终确定答案。
1 被动语态的构成
1.中考需掌握的各种时态的被动语态的构成见下表：
3.说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语态。常 用句型： It is said that…据说……；It is reported that…据报道……；It is hoped that…希望……；It is believed that…人们相信……；It is (well) known that…众所周知……
时态
一般现在时 （2017省卷
78题）
一般过去时 （2016省卷
38题）
被动语态构成
am/is/are+ 动词的过去分词
was/were+ 动词的过去分词
例句 The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打
扫。 The dumplings were made yesterday. 饺子是
昨天包的。
时态 一般将来时 （2015兰州
36题）
含情态动词
被动语态构成
will/shall be+ 动词的过去分词
情态动词+be+ 动词的过去分词
2.主动语态转化为被动语态的方法
例句 A new hospital will be built next year. 明年一个 新的医院将被建立。
The work must be finished on time. 这项工
考点小练 1.You will be given(give) another day to make your own decision.
2.During the Spring Festival, paper cuttings are put (put) on windows, doors and walls.
6.Many houses B became homeless. A. damaged C. were damaging
by the earthquake and thousands of people
B. were damaged D. are damaged
7.We
C to start at once, or we will miss the train.
2 被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 昨天晚上一些新电脑被 偷了。 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如： The homework must be handed in on time. 家庭作业必须按时交上来。
来自百度文库A. tell
B. have told
C. are told
D. told
8.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish A. needn’t be thrown C. needn’t throw
9.A wonderful English speech contest Monday. A. be given C. will be given
作必须按时完成。
3.被动语态的几种特殊情况
（1）make, see, watch, hear, notice, feel等实义动词或感官动词在主动语态中与 省略to的动词不定式连用，但变为被动语态时，必须还原to。如： I often see the old man run in the morning. 我经常看见这位老人在早上跑步。 The old man is often seen to run in the morning. 这位老人常被看见在早上跑步。 （2）一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应视为一个整体，而不能丢掉其中 的介词或副词。如： The little dog must be looked after well. 这只小狗必须被好好照顾。
3.Chinese New Year is called (call) the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
4.Sorry, you can’t take this seat. It was taken (take).
5.You should try your best to make sure that the plant is watered (water) once a day if you want it to grow well.