供应链管理-第五章课后题5-计算

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供应链管理课后习题答案

供应链管理课后习题答案供应链管理课后习题答案一、什么是供应链管理？供应链管理是指将不同环节的供应商、生产商、分销商和零售商等各个参与者之间的活动和流程进行协调和整合，以最大程度地提高整个供应链的效率和效益的管理方法。

它涉及到从原材料采购到产品生产、物流运输、库存管理、销售和售后服务等各个环节的协调和优化。

二、供应链管理的重要性供应链管理的重要性体现在以下几个方面：1. 提高效率和降低成本：通过优化供应链各个环节的协调和流程，可以减少物流时间和库存成本，提高生产效率和交付速度，从而降低整体成本。

2. 提高客户满意度：供应链管理可以确保产品按时交付，减少缺货和延迟交货的情况，提高客户满意度和忠诚度。

3. 增加竞争力：通过供应链管理，企业可以更好地应对市场需求的变化，提供更加灵活和个性化的产品和服务，增强竞争力。

4. 优化资源配置：供应链管理可以帮助企业合理配置资源，避免资源浪费和过度投资，提高资源利用效率。

5. 降低风险：通过供应链管理，企业可以更好地应对供应链中的风险，如供应商倒闭、自然灾害等，降低风险对企业的影响。

三、供应链管理的关键要素供应链管理的关键要素包括供应商管理、物流管理、库存管理、生产计划和协调以及信息流管理等。

1. 供应商管理：包括供应商选择、合同管理、供应商绩效评估等，确保供应商能够按时提供符合质量要求的原材料和零部件。

2. 物流管理：包括运输、仓储、配送等环节的协调和管理，确保产品能够按时到达目的地。

3. 库存管理：包括库存的控制、预测和优化等，确保库存水平适当，避免库存过高或过低。

4. 生产计划和协调：包括生产计划的制定、生产进度的监控和协调等，确保生产能够按时完成。

5. 信息流管理：包括信息的收集、传递和分析等，确保信息能够及时准确地在供应链中流动，以支持决策和协调。

四、供应链管理的挑战和解决方案供应链管理面临着一些挑战，如需求不确定性、供应链中的风险、信息不对称等。

为了应对这些挑战，可以采取以下解决方案：1. 加强合作和协作：建立长期稳定的合作关系，加强供应链各个环节之间的沟通和协作，共同应对挑战。

供应链管理智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下大连海事大学

供应链管理智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下大连海事大学大连海事大学第一章测试1.供应链管理与物流管理的关系是（）。

答案:物流管理是供应链管理的一部分2.企业为了更好地满足消费者需求，不断推出新的品种，这将可能导致（）。

答案:库存负担增加3.（）是利用计算机网络技术全面规划供应链中的商流、物流、信息流、资金流等，并进行计划、组织、协调与控制。

答案:供应链管理4.供应链的终极目标是（）。

答案:提高核心竞争力5.（）表现为供应链节点企业可以是两个或者两个以上供应链的成员。

答案:交叉性第二章测试1.下列哪项策略和外包策略比较一致？( )答案:供应链集中策略2.由于客户服务水平要求的越高，企业付出的成本就越高，因此企业不需要100%客户服务水平，否则就没有盈利空间．（）答案:错3.下列哪些可以用于衡量客户价值?( )答案:客户忠诚;客户重复购买;客户流失;客户离弃4.我们把客户价值、总收益和所有权总成本之间的关系表达为这样的一个分数式，即客户价值等于总收益和总成本之比。

这里的总收益可以是（）．答案:无形资产(品牌自豪感等);产品;服务5.需求匹配可以包括（）答案:时间匹配;空间匹配;数量匹配第三章测试1.面向订单生产的供应合同有：（）答案:数量灵活性合同;回购合同;收入共享合同2.采购时，还需要考虑回收处理成本和生命周期成本。

（）答案:对3.能力预定合同有利于供应商获得比较真实的需求数据。

（）答案:对4.根据卡拉杰克矩阵，联合采购适用于风险小、价值小的一般商品的采购。

（）答案:错5.企业的某些品项，如价值高并且采购风险大，那么这样的品项，更倾向于采用招标的采购方法．（）答案:错第四章测试1.库存能够使企业实现规模经济，但下面的描述中，不属于其具体体现的是（）答案:大批量的采购可以和物流商建立更牢固的合作关系，降低物流费用2.企业为预防可能发生的一些灾害，而购买的存货损失保险计入（）答案:储存成本3.下列哪个模型不属于定性预测方法（）答案:线性回归分析4.对库存进行管理，首先要进行（）答案:需求识别与需求预测5.预测不可能是绝对准确的，其主要原因是（）答案:预测是对未来的预测，而未来具有较大的不确定性第五章测试1.简单栅栏法是一种优化式方法。

供应链管理习题 (5)

Supply Chain Management, 5e (Chopra/Meindl)Chapter 5 Network Design in the Supply Chain5.1 True/False Questions1) Supply chain network design decisions include the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-related facilities and the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design2) Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant because they determine the amount of rigidity the supply chain has in changing the way it meets demand.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design3) Facility location decisions have a long-term impact on a supply chain's performance because it is cost effective to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design4) Capacity allocation decisions have a significant impact on supply chain performance because they tend to stay in place for several years.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design5) The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities has a significant impact on performance because it affects total production, inventory, and transportation costs incurred by the supply chain to satisfy customer demand.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design6) The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities does not need to be reconsidered ona regular basis so that the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacities change.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design7) Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance because they determine the supply chain configuration and set constraints within which inventory, transportation, and information can be used to either decrease supply chain cost or increase responsiveness. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design8) Firms focusing on cost leadership tend to find the lowest cost location for their manufacturing facilities, but only if that means locating very far from the markets they serve.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design9) If production technology displays significant economies of scale, many local locations are the most effective.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design10) If facilities have lower fixed costs, many local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design11) If the production technology is very inflexible and product requirements vary from one country to another, a firm has to set up local facilities to serve the market in each country. Answer: TRUEDiff: 3Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design12) If the technology is flexible, it becomes more difficult to consolidate manufacturing in a few large facilities.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design13) Tariffs have a minor influence on location decisions within a supply chain.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design14) High tariffs lead to more production locations within a supply chain network, with each location having a lower allocated capacity.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design15) When designing supply chain networks, companies must build appropriate flexibility to help counter fluctuations in exchange rates and demand across different countries.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design16) Inventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain increase. Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design17) Transportation costs increase as the number of facilities is increased.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design18) A firm may increase the number of facilities beyond the point that minimizes total logistics cost to improve the response time to its customers.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design19) When faced with a network design decision, the goal of a manager is to design a network that minimizes the firm's costs while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design20) The supply chain network is designed to maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demand in each market, various logistics and facility costs, and the taxes and tariffs at each location.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design21) Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant because they determine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has in changing the way it meets demand.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design22) Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance because they determine the supply chain configuration and set constraints within which the other supply chain drivers can be used either to decrease supply chain cost or to increase responsiveness.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design23) If facilities have higher fixed costs, many local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design5.2 Multiple Choice Questions1) Supply chain network design decisions includeA) only the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-related facilities.B) only the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.C) both the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-related facilities and the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.D) neither the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-related facilities nor the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design2) Supply chain network design decisions classified as facility role are concerned withA) what processes are performed at each facility.B) where facilities should be located.C) how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.D) what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources should feed each facility.E) none of the aboveAnswer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design3) Supply chain network design decisions classified as facility location are concerned withA) what processes are performed at each facility.B) where facilities should be located.C) how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.D) what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources should feed each facility.E) none of the aboveAnswer: BDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design4) Supply chain network design decisions classified as capacity allocation are concerned withA) what processes are performed at each facility.B) where facilities should be located.C) how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.D) what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources should feed each facility.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply Chain5) Supply chain network design decisions classified as market and supply allocation are concerned withA) what processes are performed at each facility.B) where facilities should be located.C) how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.D) what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources should feed each facility.E) none of the aboveAnswer: DDiff: 1Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design6) Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant becauseA) they determine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has in demanding change.B) they determine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has in changing the way it meets demand.C) they determine the amount of capacity the supply chain has in changing the way it meets demand.D) they determine the amount of inventory the supply chain has in demanding change.E) None of the above are true.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design7) Facility location decisions have a long-term impact on a supply chain's performance becauseA) it is very expensive to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.B) it is not expensive to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.C) it is advisable to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.D) it is cost effective to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.E) none of the aboveAnswer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design8) Capacity allocation decisions have a significant impact on supply chain performance becauseA) capacity decisions tend to be permanent.B) capacity decisions tend to be changed frequently.C) capacity decisions do not tend to stay in place for several years.D) capacity decisions tend to stay in place for several years.E) none of the aboveAnswer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design9) Allocating too much capacity to a location results inA) permanent damage.B) poor utilization, and as a result, higher costs.C) high utilization, and as a result, higher costs.D) poor utilization, and as a result, lower costs.E) high utilization, and as a result, lower costs.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design10) Allocating too little capacity results inA) temporary damage.B) good responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or low cost if demand is filled from a distant facility.C) good responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or high cost if demand is filled from a distant facility.D) poor responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or low cost if demand is filled from a distant facility.E) poor responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or high cost if demand is filled from a distant facility.Answer: EDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design11) The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities has a significant impact on performance becauseA) it cannot affect total production, inventory, and transportation costs incurred by the supply chain to satisfy customer demand.B) it cannot affect customer demand.C) it affects total production, inventory, and transportation costs incurred by the supply chain to satisfy customer demand.D) it cannot satisfy customer demand.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design12) The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities should be reconsidered on a regular basis so thatA) the allocation can be held constant as market conditions or plant capacities expand.B) the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacities stagnate.C) the allocation can be held constant as market conditions or plant capacities change.D) the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacities change.E) none of the aboveAnswer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design13) Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance because theyA) determine the supply chain configuration.B) determine the supply chain conflagration.C) set constraints within which inventory, transportation, and information can be used to either decrease supply chain cost or increase responsiveness.D) set constraints within which inventory, transportation, and information can be used to either increase supply chain cost or decrease responsiveness.E) A and C onlyAnswer: EDiff: 3Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply Chain14) Customer order entry isA) the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a purchase.B) the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating product to the customer.C) the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.D) the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.E) none of the aboveAnswer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply ChainLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design15) Which of the following is not a factor influencing network design decisions in supply chains?A) Strategic factorsB) Tactical factorsC) Macroeconomic factorsD) Political factorsE) Infrastructure factorsAnswer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.1 The Role of Network Design in the Supply Chain16) Firms focusing on cost leadership tend toA) locate facilities close to the market they serve.B) locate facilities very far from the market they serve.C) find the lowest cost location for their manufacturing facilities.D) select a high-cost location to be able to react quickly.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design17) Firms focusing on responsiveness tend toA) locate facilities close to the market they serve.B) locate facilities very far from the market they serve.C) find the lowest cost location for their manufacturing facilities.D) select a high-cost location to be able to react slowly.E) none of the aboveAnswer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design18) Which of the following is not one of Kasra Ferdows' classifications of possible strategic roles for various facilities in a global supply chain network?A) Offpost facilityB) Source facilityC) Server facilityD) Contributor facilityE) Outpost facilityAnswer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions19) A facility that serves the role of being a low-cost supply source for markets located outside the country where the facility is located isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a contributor facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions20) A facility that also has low cost as its primary objective, but its strategic role is broader than that of an offshore facility isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a contributor facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions21) A facility built because of tax incentives, local content requirement, tariff barriers, or high logistics cost to supply the region from elsewhere with the objective to supply the market where it is located isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a contributor facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design22) A facility located primarily to obtain access to knowledge or skills that may exist within a certain region isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a contributor facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: EDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design23) A facility that serves the market where it is located but also assumes responsibility for product customization, process improvements, product modifications, or product development isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a contributor facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions24) A facility that creates new products, processes, and technologies for the entire network isA) an offshore facility.B) a source facility.C) a server facility.D) a lead facility.E) an outpost facility.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions25) Production technology displays significant economies of scale,A) many high-capacity locations are the most effective.B) few high-capacity locations are the most effective.C) few high-capacity locations are the least effective.D) few low-capacity locations are the most effective.E) few low-capacity locations are the least effective.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions26) If facilities have lower fixed costs,A) a few high-capacity facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.B) a few local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.C) many high-capacity facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.D) many local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.E) one central facility is preferred because this helps lower transportation costs.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions27) If the production technology is very inflexible and product requirements vary from one country to another, a firm has to set upA) local facilities to serve the market in each country.B) a few high-capacity facilities to serve the market in each country.C) many local facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.D) a few high-capacity facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.E) many high-capacity facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.Answer: ADiff: 3Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions28) If the technology is flexible,A) it becomes more difficult to consolidate manufacturing in a few large facilities.B) it becomes more difficult to distribute manufacturing in many local facilities.C) it becomes easier to consolidate manufacturing in a few large facilities.D) it becomes easier to consolidate manufacturing in many local facilities.E) the firm should have one central facility.Answer: CDiff: 3Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design29) Duties that must be paid when products and/or equipment are moved across international, state, or city boundaries are referred to asA) taxes.B) tax incentives.C) tariffs.D) incentives.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design30) If a country has very high tariffs,A) companies either do not serve the local market or set up manufacturing plants within the country to save on duties.B) companies do not serve the local market.C) companies set up manufacturing plants within the country to save on duties.D) companies will not serve the local market or set up manufacturing plants within the country to save on duties.E) companies will serve the local market by setting up regional manufacturing plants. Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions31) Developing countries often create free trade zones whereA) duties and tariffs are imposed as long as production is used primarily for export.B) duties and tariffs are imposed as long as production is used primarily for import.C) duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily for export.D) duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily for import.E) duties and tariffs are increased as long as production is used primarily for export.Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions32) Building some over-capacity in the supply chain network and making the capacity flexible allows a firm to alter production flows within the supply chain toA) produce less in facilities that have a lower cost based on current exchange rates.B) produce more in facilities that have a lower cost based on current exchange rates.C) produce more in facilities that have a higher cost based on current exchange rates.D) produce less in facilities that have the same cost based on current exchange rates.E) None of the above are accurate.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions33) Total logistics costs are a sum of theA) inventory and facility costs.B) transportation and facility costs.C) inventory and transportation costs.D) inventory, transportation, and facility costs.E) inventory, transportation, and faculty costs.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions34) The facilities in a supply chain network mustA) at least maximize total logistics cost.B) at least equal the number that maximizes total logistics cost.C) at least equal the number that minimizes total logistics cost.D) at least minimize total logistics cost.E) none of the aboveAnswer: CDiff: 1Topic: 5.2 Factors Influencing Network Design Decisions35) When faced with a network design decision, the goal of a manager is to design a network thatA) maximizes the firm's profits.B) minimizes the firm's costs.C) satisfies customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.D) maximizes the firm's profits while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.E) none of the aboveAnswer: DDiff: 2Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions36) Which of the following is not a phase in the design of a global supply chain network?A) Define a supply chain strategyB) Define the regional facility configurationC) Select desirable sitesD) Location choicesE) Implement supply chain strategyAnswer: EDiff: 2Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design DecisionsLearning Outcome: Compare common approaches to supply chain design37) Which of the following is the first phase in the design of a global supply chain network?A) Define a supply chain strategyB) Define the regional facility configurationC) Select desirable sitesD) Location choicesE) Implement supply chain strategyAnswer: ADiff: 2Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions38) The objective of the first phase of network design is toA) maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demand in each market.B) select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.C) select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to be located.D) identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and their approximate capacity.E) specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support a firm's competitive strategy.Answer: EDiff: 3Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions39) The objective of the second phase of network design is toA) maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demand in each market.B) select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.C) select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to be located.D) identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and their approximate capacity.E) specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support a firm's competitive strategy.Answer: DDiff: 3Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions40) The objective of the third phase of network design is toA) maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demand in each market.B) select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.C) select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to be located.D) identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and their approximate capacity.E) specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support a firm's competitive strategy.Answer: CDiff: 3Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions41) It is very important that long-term consequences be thought through when making facility decisions, becauseA) network designers can use this fact to influence the role of the new facility and the focus of people working there.B) facilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm's performance.C) it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location.D) the location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form of communication that develops in the supply chain network.E) the quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact on performance. Answer: BDiff: 3Topic: 5.3 Framework for Network Design Decisions42) The implications of culture should not be glossed over becauseA) tariffs and tax incentives should be carefully considered.B) facilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm's performance.C) it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location.D) the location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form of communication that develops in the supply chain network.E) the quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact on performance. Answer: ADiff: 3Topic: 5.5 Making Network Design Decisions in Practice。

供应链管理课后习题答案

供应链（S C）第一章1、供应链：生产及流通过程中，设计将产品或服务提供给最终用户的上游和下游企业所形成的网链结构2、供应链特征：复杂性动态性交叉性面向客户需求3 、供应链类型：1）稳定SC的和动态的SC 2）平衡SC的和倾斜的 SC3）有效性SC和反应性SC4、使用环节法分析供应链流程:1)顾客订购环节（顾客抵达，顾客订单递交，顾客订货接收，顾客订单完成） 2）补充库存环节（零售订货的发起，零售订单的递交，零售订单的完成，零售订货的接收）3）生产环节（订单到达，生产安排，生产和运输，订货5、接收）4）原料获取环节5、推拉法分析供应链流程：依据相对于顾客需求的执行顺序，供应链上的所有流程可以分为两类：推动流程和拉动流程。

对顾客订单的反应启动拉动流程；对顾客订购预期的反应启动推动流程。

在拉动流程执行过程中，需求是已知的、确定的；而在推动流程执行过程中，需求是未知的，因此必须进行预测。

由于拉动流程是对顾客需求的反应，因而也可以被视为反应性流程；相应地，推动流程可以被视为推测性流程。

供应链上的推/拉边界将推动流程和拉动流程区别开来。

在戴尔公司，个人计算机组装线的起点就是推/拉边界。

个人计算机组装前的所有流程是推动流程，而所有组装过程中和此后的所有流程均是对顾客需求的反应，因而是拉动流程。

6 、供应链管理（SCM）：利用计算机网络技术全面规划供应链中的商流、物流、信息流，并进行组织、协调与控制。

7 、SCM内涵：1）信息管理 2）客户管理 3）库存管理 4)关系管理 5)风险管理8、 SCM特点：（一）与传统管理方法相比较的特点： 1）以客户为中心2)跨企业的贸易伙伴之间密切合作、共享利益和共担风险 3）集成化管理4)供应链管理是对物流的一体化管理（二）与物流管理相比较的特点1）供应链管理的互动特性2）供应链管理成为物流的高级形态 3 ）供应链管理决策的发展 4）供应链管理的协商机制 5）供应链管理强调组织外部一体化6)供应链管理对共同价值的依赖性7)供应链管理是“外源”整合组织 8）供应链管理是一个动态的响应系统9 、SCM的目标： 1）总成本最低化 2）客户服务最优化 3)总库存成本最小化4)总周期最短化5)物流质量最优化第二章1 、建树价值链的九种价值活动分为哪两类，分别包含哪些内容一）基本活动：内部物流生产作业外部物流市场和销售服务二）辅助活动：采购技术开发人力资源管理企业基础设施2 、价值分析的主要内容：1）识别价值活动 2）确定活动类型每种基本和辅助活动由三种类型：直接活动简介活动质量保证3、核心竞争力形成过程：1）锁定目标。

供应链管理课后习题答案

第一章课后习题答案一、判断题SCP:分别指市场结构(Structure )，市场行为(Conduct)，市场绩效(Performance)。

哈佛学派认为. 市场结构(Structure )，市场行为(Conduct)，市场绩效(Performance)之间存在着必然的联系.並建立了SCP分析框架來分析行业与企业的发展情況P5三、简答题1答：分析汽车供应链结构简图：（1）汽车行业全球供应链的形成与发展在激烈的市场竞争中，汽车制造业是一个复杂程度和集成度非常高的行业，汽车制造业需要懂得合作与共享，并且在不同的环节有着不同的侧重点，满足不同客户需求，不断完善汽车产业全球价值链的分工体系，才能在激烈的市场中成为佼佼者。

（2）汽车供应链的利益分配及影响因素“微笑曲线”价值分布汽车供应链中有不同的侧重点，对于整车装配、非关键零部件的生产加工、流通环节等均为低附加值环节；对于产品设计与研发、品牌推广和关键零部件的生产和采购等则划分为高附加值环节，汽车企业应重视“微笑曲线”所带来的价值，针对不同的区域有不同的侧重点，有利于节省成本，提高质量。

特征：多种生产策略组合；典型的生产滚动计划；整车厂的生产计划实施，驱动整个供应链；普遍注重精益的物流运作；物流业务外包成主流；严格的零部件供应商准入机制与供应商分级管理；基于框架协议下的全球化采购；汽车售后供应链体系备受关注。

汽车产业发展新趋势汽车产业发展呈现规模化、集群化发展趋势，产业集群化使产业链纵向延伸发展，同时提高了与相关产业进行横向竞争与合作的效率2、答：分析服装供应链结构简图：先分析服装供应链的工艺流程，再分析服装供应链的类型。

服装供应链有四种主要类型的企业：（1）单纯的生产加工企业（2）自有品牌的“虚拟企业”（3）供、产、销一体化的企业（4）服装贸易公司特征：（1）服装产品的生命周期短(2)服装消费需求变动性大(3)服装消费需求的可预测性低(4)服装购买的冲动性高(5)服装产品被模仿的情况严重P14-15发展趋势：（1）产品个性化需求增大消费能力、消费心理与社会的进步三个因素，共同催生了个性化定制这个基于人自身表达诉求的概念。

供应链管理-第五章课后习题1-计算

蒙大拿 175 175 125 125 25
怀俄明 150 175 100 150 50
犹他 150 150 100 200 30
俄勒冈 0 0 0 35 35
加利福尼亚 0 0 0 100 100
爱达荷 0 0 0 25 25
内华达 0 0 15 25 40
蒙大拿 0 0 0 25 25
怀俄明 0 0 50 0 50
犹他 0 0 30 0 30
约束洛杉矶塔尔萨丹佛西雅图
剩余产能各地所需人数
0
0
250
7
250
10
250
10
未满足的需求华盛顿 0
俄勒冈 0
加利福尼亚爱达荷内华达蒙大拿怀俄明犹他
0
0
0
0
0
0
目标函数 478730
业利桑那 75 200 100 250 50
科罗拉多 150 125 25 250 65
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
出行次数 250 250 250 250
出行次数 0 175 250 250
新墨西哥 125 125 75 300 40
北达科他 300 200 150 200 30
南达科他 300 175 125 200 20
内布拉斯加 250 100 125 250 30
堪萨斯 250 75 75 300 40
俄克拉荷马 250 25 125 300 55
固定成本 165428 131230 140000 145000
业利桑那 0 0 50 0 5 0 40 0 0 40
北达科他 0 0 30 0 30

供应链管理第五章习题答案

供应链管理第五章习题答案供应链管理第五章习题答案供应链管理是一门涉及到物流、采购、运输、仓储等多个领域的学科，它旨在通过优化供应链中的各个环节，提高企业的运营效率和竞争力。

在供应链管理的学习过程中，习题是检验自己对知识掌握程度的重要途径。

下面将为大家提供第五章习题的详细答案，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

1. 什么是供应链可见性？为什么供应链可见性对企业至关重要？供应链可见性是指企业能够实时获取和监控整个供应链中各个环节的信息，并能够对其进行分析和处理的能力。

供应链可见性对企业至关重要，主要有以下几个方面的原因：首先，供应链可见性可以帮助企业实现及时调整和决策。

通过实时获取供应链中的信息，企业可以迅速发现问题和风险，并及时采取措施进行调整和决策，从而避免或减少损失。

其次，供应链可见性可以提高供应链的运作效率。

通过对供应链中各个环节的信息进行分析和处理，企业可以发现瓶颈和问题所在，并对其进行优化和改进，从而提高供应链的整体效率。

最后，供应链可见性可以增强企业与供应链伙伴之间的合作和协调。

通过共享供应链中的信息，企业和供应链伙伴可以更好地进行沟通和协作，从而实现供应链的协同管理，提高整个供应链的效益。

2. 请列举几个提高供应链可见性的方法。

提高供应链可见性的方法有很多，下面列举几个常见的方法：首先，建立信息系统和技术平台。

通过建立信息系统和技术平台，可以实现供应链中各个环节的信息共享和交流，从而提高供应链的可见性。

其次，加强与供应链伙伴的合作和协调。

通过与供应链伙伴建立良好的合作关系，共享信息和资源，可以提高供应链的可见性。

再次，建立供应链绩效评估和监控机制。

通过建立供应链绩效评估和监控机制，可以对供应链中各个环节的表现进行监控和评估，及时发现问题和风险，并采取相应的措施进行调整和改进。

最后，加强数据分析和挖掘。

通过对供应链中的数据进行分析和挖掘，可以发现隐藏在数据背后的规律和问题，从而提高供应链的可见性。

供应链管理课后习题答案

供应链管理课后习题答案供应链管理课后习题答案一、概述供应链管理是现代企业管理的重要组成部分，它涉及到从原材料采购到产品销售的整个流程。

通过对供应链的管理，企业可以实现资源的优化配置，提高生产效率和产品质量，从而增加竞争力和利润。

以下是一些供应链管理课后习题的答案，希望能对大家的学习有所帮助。

二、供应链设计1. 什么是供应链设计？供应链设计是指在满足客户需求的前提下，通过合理的供应链网络设计和流程优化，实现企业资源的最优配置和供应链效率的最大化。

2. 供应链设计的关键要素有哪些？供应链设计的关键要素包括供应链网络结构、物流配送策略、库存管理策略、合作伙伴选择等。

3. 供应链网络结构有哪些类型？常见的供应链网络结构包括集中式供应链、分散式供应链、混合式供应链和虚拟供应链等。

4. 如何选择合适的供应链网络结构？选择合适的供应链网络结构需要考虑产品特性、市场需求、成本效益、风险管理等因素，综合评估不同结构的优缺点，以实现最佳的供应链设计。

三、供应链协调1. 什么是供应链协调？供应链协调是指通过信息共享、合作伙伴关系管理、业务流程优化等手段，实现供应链各环节之间的协同和协作，以提高供应链整体效能。

2. 供应链协调的重要性是什么？供应链协调可以减少信息滞后、降低库存水平、提高交付准确率，从而提高供应链的灵活性、响应速度和客户满意度。

3. 如何实现供应链协调？实现供应链协调需要建立有效的沟通机制、共享信息平台，加强合作伙伴之间的信任和合作，同时优化业务流程和决策机制。

四、供应链风险管理1. 什么是供应链风险管理？供应链风险管理是指通过识别、评估和应对供应链中的各种风险，以保障供应链的稳定运行和业务连续性。

2. 常见的供应链风险有哪些？常见的供应链风险包括市场需求波动、供应商倒闭、物流延误、自然灾害等。

3. 如何进行供应链风险管理？供应链风险管理需要建立风险识别和评估机制，制定相应的风险应对策略，同时建立灵活的供应链网络和备份计划，以应对不同的风险情况。

供应链管理(第5版)课后习题答案

供应链管理课后习题答案第一章、供应链管理导论1.供应链的结构特征是什么？将供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商、直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构。

2.何谓供应链管理？简述供应链管理与传统企业管理的区别和联系。

供应链管理就是使以核心企业为中心的供应链运作达到最优化，以最低的成本，另供应链从采购开始，到满足最终用户的所有过程，包括工作流、实物流、信息流、资金流等均高效率运作，把合适的产品，以合理的价格，及时准确的送到消费者手中。

区别：①传统企业的运营思想是生产是为了销售，而供应链企业运营的思想是按订单准时生产、快速响应客户需求②传统企业的管理手段是控制库存、降低库存成本，而供应链管理的手段是供应链企业协同创新、共创价值③传统企业提高生产效率的主要方法是扩大批量、增加规模效应，而供应链企业提高效率的主要方法是提升企业的柔性和敏捷性联系：供应链管理主要是以物流运行作为流程的，是开放性的，传统企业只是供应链管理中的一个环节，是闭环的。

3.供应链管理的关键在于实现企业内部及企业之间资源的集成。

从这个角度，分析互联网在供应链管理中的重要地位。

从管理难度的角度：现在的客户关系管理、企业资源计划等系统使得管理更加容易，尤其是对于一些全球性企业和跨区域企业从效率的角度：通过IT系统，从客户需求到计划、采购、生产、运输等供应链的整个过程更加迅速、高效。

当然也包括上下游企业和核心企业之间的沟通。

从成本的角度：管理难度下降，效率提升，这实际上降低了企业的成本4.电子商务将成为21世纪最主要的商业模式之一，它将对企业传统的业务流程带来巨大变革。

请阐述供应链管理对我国企业成功实施电子商务的重要意义。

基于电子商务的供应链的管理的主要内容涉及订单处理、生产组织、采购管理、运输与配送管理、库存管理、客户服务、支付管理等，供应链管理可促进电子商务的发展，使资源在供应链网络中合理流动，来缩短交货周期、降低库存，并且通过提供自助交易的自助式服务以降低成本，提高速度和精确性，增强企业竞争力。

供应链管理第五章练习与答案

一、单选题问题 1 集成化供应链管理的核心是（）正确答案：建立战略性合作伙伴关系问题 2 企业赢得竞争的关键在于（）正确答案：速度问题 3下列不能缩短总周期的是（）正确答案：合作伙伴的选择时间问题 4 供应链管理中，要有效发挥群体协商机制的作用，需要解决的问题，下列不是的是（）正确答案：利益分配问题问题 5 精细供应链的目的是实现（）正确答案：零库存和零缺陷问题 6 供应链合作关系的主要特征是正确答案：从以产品/物流为核心转向以集成/合作为核心二、判断题问题7 质量功能开发（Quality Function Development，QFD）思想是实现供应链质量保证的有效方法。

正确答案：对问题8 供应链集成的最高层次是企业间的战略协作问题，当企业以动态联盟的形式加入供应链时，即展开了合作对策的过程，企业之间通过一种协商机制，谋求一种双赢的目标。

正确答案：对问题9 直观判断法是一种选择合作伙伴的方法，这种方法主要是倾听和采纳有经验的采购人员意见，或者直接由采购人员凭经验作出判断。

常用于选择企业主要原材料的合作伙伴。

正确答案：错问题10 招标方法竞争性强，企业能在更广泛的范围内选择适当的合作伙伴，以获得供应条件有利的、便宜而适用的物资。

适应范围广，是一种很理想的选择合作伙伴的方法。

正确答案：错问题11 从经济学、营销学的角度看，进入20世纪90年代以来，企业经营策略由原来的敌对性竞争发展成为合作性竞争是全球竞争趋势。

正确答案：对三、名词解析问题12 供应链合作关系正确答案：供应链合作关系（Supply Chain Partnership，SCP），也就是供应商-制造商（Supplier-Manufacturer）关系，或者称为卖主/供应商-买主（V endor/Supplier-Buyer）关系、供应商关系（Supplier Partnership）。

供应链合作关系可以定义为供应商与制造商之间，在一定时期内的共享信息、共担风险、共同获利的协议关系。

供应链管理答案

供应链管理第一章供应链基本架构1、供应链的基本特征P5（1）复杂性（2）动态性（3）面向用户需求（4）交叉性2、供应链的基本类型P6 （1）稳定的供应链和动态的供应链（2）平衡的供应链和倾斜的供应链（3）有效性供应链和反应供应链（4）推动式供应链和拉动式供应链3、推动式供应链和拉动式供应链的对比P8推动式供应链：指根据商品的库存情况，有计划的将商品推销给客户。

在传统的推式模式中，商品是被“推向”顾客的。

拉动式供应链：在拉动模式中，消费者是供应链的开端，因此也叫需求驱动模式。

第二章物流理论1、物流的概念P32是以最高效率和最大成本效益，以满足顾客需要为目的，从商品的生产地道消费地，对包括原材料、在制品、最终成品及其相关信息的流动与储存，进行设计、实施和控制的过程。

2、物流的种类P34是以最高效率和最大成本效益，以满足顾客需要为目的，从商品的生产地道消费地，对包括原材料、在制品、最终成品及其相关信息的流动与储存，进行设计、实施和控制的过程。

3、物流管理任务的5个正确P465R 即物流管理的任务可以包括5个正确的（5Rights ）正确的时间、正确的地点、正确的条件、将正确的商品送到正确的顾客手中。

4、物流管理战略的框架P47（1）全局性的战略（物流管理的最终目的是满足用户的需求因此用户服务应该成为物流管理的最终目标，即全局性的战略性目标）（2）结构性的战略（物流管理战略的第二层次是结构性的战略，包括渠道设计和网络分析。

渠道设计是供应链的一个重要内容，包括重构物流系统、优化物流渠道等。

网络分析的内容主要包括：1库存状况的分析2用户服务的调查分析3运输方式和交货状况的分析4物流信息及信息系统的传递状况分析5合作伙伴业绩的评估和考核（3）功能性的战略：物流管理第三层次的战略为功能性的战略，包括物管理、仓库管理运输管理等三个方面。

内容主要有1运输工具的使用和调度2采购和供应、库存控制的方法和策略3仓库的作业管理（4）基础性的战略（第四层次的战略是基础性的战略，主要作用是为保证物流系统的正常运行提供基础性的保障。

《供应链库存管理与控制》习题答案

第1章2．简答题（1）供应链的基本概念是围绕核心企业，通过对信息流、物流、资金流的控制，从采购原材料开始，制成中间产品以及最终产品，最后由销售网络把产品送到消费者手中的将供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商、直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构模式。

其特点有：①复杂性；②增值性；③需求性；④交叉性；⑤动态性；○6风险性7集成性（2）简述反应性供应链与有效性供应链的区别和联系根据供应链的功能模式（物理功能、市场中介功能和客户需求功能）可以把供应链划分为两种：有效性供应链和反应性供应链。

有效性供应链以实现供应链的物理性能为主要目标，即以最低的成本将原材料转化为零部件、在制品和产品，并最终运送到消费者手中。

有效性供应链面对稳定的市场需求，提供的产品和相关技术具有相对稳定性。

反应性供应链以实现供应链的市场功能为主要目标，即对市场需求变化做出快速反应。

这类供应链所提供的产品具有以下特点：其市场需求有很多不确定性；产品本身发展很快；产品说明周期较短；产品价格随着季节的不同而有很大变化。

因此，反应性供应链需要保持较高的市场应变能力和实现柔性生产，从而降低产品过时和失效的风险。

（3）供应链管理的基本思想：1.“横向一体化”的管理思想。

2.非核心业务一般应采取外包的方式分散给业务伙伴，并与业务伙伴结成战略联盟关系。

3.供应链企业间形成的是一种合作性竞争。

4.以顾客满意度作为目标的服务化管理。

5.供应链管理追求物流、信息流、资金流、工作流和组织流的集成。

6.借助信息技术实现目标管理，这是信息流管理的先决条件。

7.更加关注物流企业的参与。

（5）简述供应链管理涉及的主要问题1.随机性问题，包括供应商可靠性运输渠道可靠性需求的不确定性价格不确定性汇率变动影响随机固定成本提前期的确定顾客满意度的确定等研究2供应链供应性问题，包括规模经济性选址决策生产技术选择产品决策联盟网络等研究3供应链全球化问题，包括贸易壁垒税收政治环境产品各国差异性4协调机制问题，供应—生产协调，生产—销售协调，库存—销售协调思考题在实际库存管理中，企业应如何避免不确定性对库存的影响第2章2．简答题（1）零库存概念包含两层含义：其一，库存对象物的数量趋于零或等于零（即近乎无库存物资）；其二，库存设施、设备的数量及库存劳动耗费同时趋于零或等于零（即不存在库存活动）。

SCM供应链管理课后练习题答案

实验项目名称：供应链设计规划技术应用实验项目性质：普通所属课程名称：供应链管理（英文教材）实验计划学时：6一、实验目的1、在理解供应链战略及网络设计的基础上，熟悉供应链设施规划建模及求解2、掌握供应链需求预测的基本方法，包括静态、动态时间序列法，用Excel提供的预测统计工具，进行需求统计分析及预测，为供应链综合规划作基础；3、建立供应链综合规划模型，用Excel提供的规划工具，进行优化求解。

二、实验内容和要求请上机利用Excel求解以下题目，要求独立求解，课后形成实验报告上交。

1.教材第五章课后练习题1-2.（（2学时）三、实验主要仪器设备和材料微型计算机，Excel程序实验报告要求要求每位学生各自将以上各题的实验成果简要记录下来，形成.xls 和.doc文档，内容包括：1、所采用的工具、函数或公式；2、主要结果及图表表示、主要结论。

第五章第一题第一小题答案如下：1.设置环境：打开Excel-文件-选项-加载项-转到-规划求解加载项-确定2.输入数据3.设置决策变量初始值为04.约束条件y= 100000*B40-SUMPRODUCT(B4:B19,B24:B39)consultants number=SUM(B24:B39)/255.目标函数：cost=SUMPRODUCT(B4:E19,B24:E39)+SUMPRODUCT(B40:E40,B20:E20)总花6．选择“数据”-规划求解-选择单纯线性规划的方法求解7．结果截图8．规划求解得到的报告9．结论：如果一个地点的顾问数量没有约束而且目标是使成本最小化，那么总部选址应该选在Denver，每个办公机构应该配备27个顾问，年设备和差旅成本为219,500美元。

第二小题答案如下：1．思路同上，截图如下：3．规划求解参数设置4．结果截图5．结论：如果总部最多配10个顾问，那么总部应该设在Los Angeles，办公机构分别设为Tulsa、Denver、Seattle，配备顾问数目分别为7、10、10人。

(完整版)供应链管理第三版Unit5习题与答案

Chapter 5Network Design in the Supply ChainTrue/False1. Supply chain network design decisions include the location of manufacturing,storage, or transportation-related facilities and the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate2. Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant because theydetermine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has in changing the way itmeets demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant because theydetermine the amount of rigidity the supply chain has in changing the way itmeets demand.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate4. Facility location decisions have a long-term impact on a supply chain’sperformance because it is cost effective to shut down a facility or move it to adifferent location.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy5. Capacity allocation decisions have a significant impact on supply chainperformance because they tend to stay in place for several years.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate6. The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities has a significant impacton performance because it affects total production, inventory, and transportation costs incurred by the supply chain to satisfy customer demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy7. The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities does not need to bereconsidered on a regular basis so that the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacities change.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance becausethey determine the supply chain configuration and set constraints within whichinventory, transportation, and information can be used to either decrease supply chain cost or increase responsiveness.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate9. Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance becausethey determine the supply chain conflagration and set constraints within whichinventory, transportation, and information can be used to either increase supplychain cost or reduce responsiveness.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy10. Firms focusing on cost leadership tend to find the lowest cost location for theirmanufacturing facilities, but only if that means locating very far from the markets they serve.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11. Firms focusing on responsiveness tend to locate facilities closer to the marketand may select a high-cost location if this choice allows the firm to quickly reactto changing market needs.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. If production technology displays significant economies of scale, many locallocations are the most effective.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. If facilities have lower fixed costs, many local facilities are preferred because thishelps lower transportation costs.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14. If the production technology is very inflexible and product requirements vary fromone country to another, a firm has to set up local facilities to serve the market in each country.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard15. If the technology is flexible, it becomes more difficult to consolidatemanufacturing in a few large facilities.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard16. Tariffs have a minor influence on location decisions within a supply chain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy17. High tariffs lead to more production locations within a supply chain network, witheach location having a lower allocated capacity.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard18. When designing supply chain networks, companies must build appropriateflexibility to help counter fluctuations in exchange rates and demand acrossdifferent countries.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate19. Inventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in a supply chainincrease.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. Transportation costs increase as the number of facilities is increased.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. A firm may increase the number of facilities beyond the point that minimizes totallogistics cost to improve the response time to its customers.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy22. When faced with a network design decision, the goal of a manager is to design anetwork that minimizes the firm’s costs while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23. The supply chain network is designed to maximize total profits, taking intoaccount the expected margin and demand in each market, various logistics and facility costs, and the taxes and tariffs at each location.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Supply chain network design decisions includea. only the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-relatedfacilities.b. only the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.c. both the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-relatedfacilities and the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.d. neither the location of manufacturing, storage, or transportation-relatedfacilities nor the allocation of capacity and roles to each facility.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy2. Supply chain network design decisions classified as facility role are concernedwitha. what processes are performed at each facility.b. where facilities should be located.c. how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.d. what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources shouldfeed each facility.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate3. Supply chain network design decisions classified as facility location areconcerned witha. what processes are performed at each facility.b. where facilities should be located.c. how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.d. what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources shouldfeed each facility.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy4. Supply chain network design decisions classified as capacity allocation areconcerned witha. what processes are performed at each facility.b. where facilities should be located.c. how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.d. what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources shouldfeed each facility.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy5. Supply chain network design decisions classified as market and supply allocationare concerned witha. what processes are performed at each facility.b. where facilities should be located.c. how much capacity should be allocated to each facility.d. what markets each facility should serve and which supply sources shouldfeed each facility.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy6. Decisions concerning the role of each facility are significant becausea. they determine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has indemanding change.b. they determine the amount of flexibility the supply chain has in changingthe way it meets demand.c. they determine the amount of capacity the supply chain has in changingthe way it meets demand.d. they determine the amount of inventory the supply chain has indemanding change.e. None of the above are true.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate7. Facility location decisions have a long-term impact on a supply chain’sperformance becausea. it is very expensive to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.b. it is not expensive to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.c. it is advisable to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.d. it is cost effective to shut down a facility or move it to a different location.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate8. Capacity allocation decisions have a significant impact on supply chainperformance becausea. capacity decisions tend to be permanent.b. capacity decisions tend to be changed frequently.c. capacity decisions do not tend to stay in place for several years.d. capacity decisions tend to stay in place for several years.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate9. Allocating too much capacity to a location results ina. permanent damage.b. poor utilization, and as a result, higher costs.c. high utilization, and as a result, higher costs.d. poor utilization, and as a result, lower costs.e. high utilization, and as a result, lower costs.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate10. Allocating too little capacity results ina. temporary damage.b. good responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or low cost if demand isfilled from a distant facility.c. good responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or high cost if demand isfilled from a distant facility.d. poor responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or low cost if demand isfilled from a distant facility.e. poor responsiveness if demand is not satisfied or high cost if demand isfilled from a distant facility.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate11. The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities has a significant impacton performance becausea. it cannot affect total production, inventory, and transportation costsincurred by the supply chain to satisfy customer demand.b. it cannot affect customer demand.c. it affects total production, inventory, and transportation costs incurred bythe supply chain to satisfy customer demand.d. it cannot satisfy customer demand.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate12. The allocation of supply sources and markets to facilities should be reconsideredon a regular basis so thata. the allocation can be held constant as market conditions or plantcapacities expand.b. the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacitiesstagnate.c. the allocation can be held constant as market conditions or plantcapacities change.d. the allocation can be changed as market conditions or plant capacitieschange.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate13. Network design decisions have a significant impact on performance becausetheya. determine the supply chain configuration.b. determine the supply chain conflagration.c. set constraints within which inventory, transportation, and information canbe used to either decrease supply chain cost or increase responsiveness.d. set constraints within which inventory, transportation, and information canbe used to either increase supply chain cost or decrease responsiveness.e. a and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Hard14. Customer order entry isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate15. Which of the following is not a factor influencing network design decisions insupply chains?a. Strategic factorsb. Tactical factorsc. Macroeconomic factorsd. Political factorse. Infrastructure factorsAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate16. Firms focusing on cost leadership tend toa. locate facilities close to the market they serve.b. locate facilities very far from the market they serve.c. find the lowest cost location for their manufacturing facilities.d. select a high-cost location to be able to react quickly.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. Firms focusing on responsiveness tend toa. locate facilities close to the market they serve.b. locate facilities very far from the market they serve.c. find the lowest cost location for their manufacturing facilities.d. select a high-cost location to be able to react slowly.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate18. Which of the following is not one of Kasra Ferdows’ classifications of possiblestrategic roles for various facilities in a global supply chain network?a. Offpost facilityb. Source facilityc. Server facilityd. Contributor facilitye. Outpost facilityAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate19. A facility that serves the role of being a low-cost supply source for marketslocated outside the country where the facility is located isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a contributor facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate20. A facility that also has low cost as its primary objective, but its strategic role isbroader than that of an offshore facility isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a contributor facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate21. A facility built because of tax incentives, local content requirement, tariff barriers,or high logistics cost to supply the region from elsewhere with the objective tosupply the market where it is located isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a contributor facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate22. A facility located primarily to obtain access to knowledge or skills that may existwithin a certain region isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a contributor facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate23. A facility that serves the market where it is located but also assumesresponsibility for product customization, process improvements, productmodifications, or product development isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a contributor facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate24. A facility that creates new products, processes, and technologies for the entirenetwork isa. an offshore facility.b. a source facility.c. a server facility.d. a lead facility.e. an outpost facility.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate25. If production technology displays significant economies of scale,a. many high-capacity locations are the most effective.b. few high-capacity locations are the most effective.c. few high-capacity locations are the least effective.d. few low-capacity locations are the most effective.e. few low-capacity locations are the least effective.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate26. If facilities have lower fixed costs,a. a few high-capacity facilities are preferred because this helps lowertransportation costs.b. a few local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportationcosts.c. many high-capacity facilities are preferred because this helps lowertransportation costs.d. many local facilities are preferred because this helps lower transportationcosts.e. one central facility is preferred because this helps lower transportationcosts.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate27. If the production technology is very inflexible and product requirements vary fromone country to another, a firm has to set upa. local facilities to serve the market in each country.b. a few high-capacity facilities to serve the market in each country.c. many local facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.d. a few high-capacity facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.e. many high-capacity facilities because this helps lower transportation costs.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard28. If the technology is flexible,a. it becomes more difficult to consolidate manufacturing in a few largefacilities.b. it becomes more difficult to distribute manufacturing in many localfacilities.c. it becomes easier to consolidate manufacturing in a few large facilities.d. it becomes easier to consolidate manufacturing in many local facilities.e. the firm should have one central facility.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard29. Which of the following is a macroeconomic factor influencing network designdecisions?a. Taxesb. Tariffsc. Exchange ratesd. all of the abovee. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy30. Duties that must be paid when products and/or equipment are moved acrossinternational, state, or city boundaries are referred to asa. taxes.b. tax incentives.c. tariffs.d. incentives.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate31. If a country has very high tariffs,a. companies either do not serve the local market or set up manufacturingplants within the country to save on duties.b. companies do not serve the local market.c. companies set up manufacturing plants within the country to save onduties.d. companies will not serve the local market or set up manufacturing plantswithin the country to save on duties.e. companies will serve the local market by setting up regionalmanufacturing plants.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate32. Developing countries often create free trade zones wherea. duties and tariffs are imposed as long as production is used primarily forexport.b. duties and tariffs are imposed as long as production is used primarily forimport.c. duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily forexport.d. duties and tariffs are relaxed as long as production is used primarily forimport.e. duties and tariffs are increased as long as production is used primarily forexport.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy33. Building some over-capacity in the supply chain network and making the capacityflexible allows a firm to alter production flows within the supply chain toa. produce less in facilities that have a lower cost based on currentexchange rates.b. produce more in facilities that have a lower cost based on currentexchange rates.c. produce more in facilities that have a higher cost based on currentexchange rates.d. produce less in facilities that have the same cost based on currentexchange rates.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate34. Positive externalities are instances wherea. the collocation of multiple firms benefits all of them.b. the dispersion of multiple firms benefits all of them.c. the cooperation of multiple firms benefits all of them.d. the coordination of multiple firms benefits all of them.e. the disagreement of multiple firms benefits all of them.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate35. Inventory and facility costsa. decrease as the number of facilities in a supply chain increases.b. increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain increases.c. increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain decreases.d. are stable as the number of facilities in a supply chain increases.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate36. Transportation costsa. decrease as the number of facilities is decreased.b. decrease as the number of facilities is increased.c. increase as the number of facilities is decreased.d. remain stable as the number of facilities is increased.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Easy37. Total logistics costs are a sum of thea. inventory and facility costs.b. transportation and facility costs.c. inventory and transportation costs.d. inventory, transportation, and facility costs.e. inventory, transportation, and faculty costs.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy38. The facilities in a supply chain network musta. at least maximize total logistics cost.b. at least equal the number that maximizes total logistics cost.c. at least equal the number that minimizes total logistics cost.d. at least minimize total logistics cost.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy39. When faced with a network design decision, the goal of a manager is to design anetwork thata. maximizes the firm’s profits.b. minimizes the firm’s costs.c. satisfies customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.d. maximizes the firm’s profits while satisfying customer needs in terms ofdemand and responsiveness.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate40. Which of the following is not a phase in the design of a global supply chainnetwork?a. Define a supply chain strategy.b. Define the regional facility configuration.c. Select desirable sites.d. Location choices.e. Implement supply chain strategy.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate41. Which of the following is the first phase in the design of a global supply chainnetwork?a. Define a supply chain strategy.b. Define the regional facility configuration.c. Select desirable sites.d. Location choices.e. Implement supply chain strategy.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate42. The objective of the first phase of network design is toa. maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin anddemand in each market.b. select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.c. select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to belocated.d. identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, andtheir approximate capacity.e. specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support afirm’s competitive strategy.Answer: eDifficulty: HardThe objective of the first phase of network design is to define a firm’s supply chain strategy. The supply chain strategy specifies what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support a firm’s competitive strategy (see Chapter 2).The objective of the second phase of network design is to identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and their approximate capacity.The objective of Phase III is to select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to be located. The set of desirable sites should be larger than the desired number of facilities to be set up so that a precise selection may be made in Phase IV. The objective of this phase is to select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility. Attention is restricted to the desirable sites selected in Phase III.43. The objective of the second phase of network design is toa. maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demandin each market.b. select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.c. select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to belocated.d. identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and theirapproximate capacity.e. specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support afirm’s competitive strategy.Answer: dDifficulty: Hard44. The objective of the third phase of network design is toa. maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demandin each market.b. select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.c. select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to belocated.d. identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and theirapproximate capacity.e. specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support afirm’s competitive strategy.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard45. The objective of the third phase of network design is toa. maximize total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demandin each market.b. select a precise location and capacity allocation for each facility.c. select a set of desirable sites within each region where facilities are to belocated.d. identify regions where facilities will be located, their potential roles, and theirapproximate capacity.e. specify what capabilities the supply chain network must have to support afirm’s competitive strategy.Answer: bDifficulty: HardFacilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm’s performance. Therefore, it is very important that long-term consequences be thought through when making facility decisions.Network design decisions regarding facility location and facility role have a significant impact on the culture of each facility and the firm. The culture at a facility will beinfluenced by other facilities in its vicinity. Network designers can use this fact to influence the role of the new facility and the focus of people working there.The location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form of communication that develops in the supply chain network. Locating a facility far from headquarters will likely give it more of a culture of autonomy.The quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact on performance because it influences the work force available and their morale.Managers making facility location decisions should carefully consider tariffs and tax incentives. When considering international locations, it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location, often overcoming all of the other cost factors combined.46. It is very important that long-term consequences be thought through whenmaking facility decisions, becausea. network designers can use this fact to influence the role of the new facilityand the focus of people working there.b. facilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm’sperformance.c. it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location.d. the location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form ofcommunication that develops in the supply chain network.e. the quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact onperformance.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard47. The implications of culture should not be glossed over becausea. tariffs and tax incentives should be carefully considered.b. facilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm’sperformance.c. it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location.d. the location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form ofcommunication that develops in the supply chain network.e. the quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact onperformance.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard48. The quality of life at selected facility locations has a significant impact onperformance becausea. network designers can use this fact to influence the role of the new facilityand the focus of people working there.b. facilities last a long time and have an enduring impact on a firm’sperformance.c. it is astounding how often tax incentives drive the choice of location.d. the location of a facility has a significant impact on the extent and form ofcommunication that develops in the supply chain network.e. it influences the work force available and their morale.Answer: eDifficulty: Hard。

采购与供应链管理习题库05第五章习题及参考答案

同步测试一、单项选择题1.JIT采购的根本目的是（）CA.提高质量B.减少供应商数量C.消除库存，减少不必要的浪费D、充分交流信息2.JIT采购的实施要求与供应商的距离是（）CA．越远越好B．适中C．越近越好D．没有要求3. 对产品设计人员来说，质量是（）AA．产品满足功能要求的性质B．意味着性能，外观方面能够满足其需要的产品C．意味着以最小成本生产出符合订单规格要求的产品D．意味着在价格方面能满足其需要的产品4. 使用“性价比”是来衡量（）之间的关系AA．质量与成本B．数量与成本C．数量与质量D．质量与价格5. 采购成本是指（）DA、买价B、订购费用C、采购人员的工资费用D、买价、运杂费及相关的采购费用6. 学习曲线所描绘的是生产数量与生产这些数量所需（）之间的经验关系。

DA、制造费用B、工资率C、工资成本D、工时7. 如果每一千个的工时能降低20%,,，我们说这是（）AA、80%的学习曲线；B、20%的学习曲线C、120%的学习曲线D、10%的学习曲线8. 在进行重大的资本性设备采购或选择战略伙伴型供应商时，主要通过（）去真正了解供应商。

BA.研究供应商提供的资料B.实地考察供应C.发放调查问卷D.向大型的调查企业购买相关资料9．企业在选择供应商的过程中，不重要的指标为（）DA产品价格B服务C产品质量D股权结构10.（）是企业评价供应商的最低标准。

CA. 供应商是否具备基本的职业道德B. 供应商是否具备良好的沟通与协调能力C. 供应商是否具有在规定时间内提供符合采购企业要求的货品能力D. 供应商是否具有良好的企业风险意识和风险管理能力二、多项选择题1．采购过程的质量控制可以从以下（）方面进行阐述BCDA．初选供应商的质量控制B．样件试制采购的质量控制C．中试采购的质量控制D．批量采购的质量控制2. 来料检验的优点有（）BCDA.来料检验通常比进货检验成本高许多B.供应商对产品符合质量要求应承担的责任减少了C.缩减了拒收、退货、再加工和再交货的周期D.供应商的专业检验程序和检测设备得到了充分应用。

供应链与物流管理第5章作业答案

1.物流业务主要有哪几种模式？它们各有何特点？答：企业物流一般可以分为生产阶段的内部物流和采购销售阶段的外部物流，一般可以将它分为企业自营物流、第三方物流、物流联盟和第四方物流等几种模式。

2. 企业应该怎样选择适合自身的物流业务模式？企业应该怎样选择适合自身的物流业务模式？答：从企业竞争战术的角度来考虑，决定企业采用自营还是外包物流最重要的决策变量有两个：一是物流外包和自营比较，是否能够提高企业物流运营效率；二是物流外包和自营比较，是否能够降低企业物流运营成本。

决策标准可以归结为两个因素，即物流对于企业成功与否的关键度（与战略考虑一致）和企业管理物流的能力（与战术考虑一致）。

这两个因素共同决定了企业应该采用怎样的物流模式。

3. 第三方物流具有什么经济效益？第三方物流具有什么经济效益？答：第三方物流是提供多种服务功能的，非常个性化的物流活动。

成功的第三方物流要求双方建立长期战略合作伙伴关系。

第三方物流服务商既是战略投资人，又是风险承担者。

4. 第三方物流有哪些类型，各自有什么特点？第三方物流有哪些类型，各自有什么特点？答：从全球范围看，第三方物流服务商可以根据其核心能力和历史背景分为基于运输服务的、基于仓储/配送服务的、基于货运代理服务的、基于港口/铁路终端服务的、基于信息与系统集成等五大类。

特点：基于运输服务：这类一般由海运、陆运和空运公司等运输部门建立起物流能力，充分利用广大的运输终端网络提供仓库和转运服务，并在提供运输服务的基础上提供全面的、一系列的增值服务。

基于仓储/配送服务：这类一般是仓储公司的基础上发展起来的，其提供公用的或共享的仓储服务，通过与承运商/或独立船队的关系提供配送服务。

基于货运代理服务：这类公司通常本身并不拥有可用于物流服务的资产，主要侧重货运过程的协调，寻求通过管理实物、财务和海关/管制制度来提供“综合物流服务”的机会，在此基础上提供增值服务。

基于港口/铁路终端服务：这类公司主要基于终端运作服务，并将业务延伸至运输和配送，其通常为散伙、消费类和工业类产品提供仓储、转运、分运、以及终端配送服务。

供应链管里_课后习题答案高举红2012

第一章供应链管理导论1．选择题(1) 环境的变化特征中不包含( D )。

A．现代企业间竞争日趋激烈 B．价格竞争激烈C．用户需求的不确定性不断增加D．强调效率与分工的工业化时代已经过去(2) 供应链特征中不包含的因素有( C )。

A．动态性B．面向用户需求C．静态性D．交叉性(3) 供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且是一条( D )。

A．加工链B．运输链C．分销链D．增值链(4) 商流是货物所有权的转移过程，是在供货商与消费者之间进行的( A )流动。

A．双向B．价值C．单向D．信息(5) 供应链是一个网链结构，由围绕( D )的供应商、供应商的供应商和用户、用户的用户组成。

A．主要B．最终用户C．一级D．核心企业(6) 供应链管理主要涉及4个主要领域：供应、( C )、物流、需求。

A．销售计划B．运输计划C．生产计划D．存储计划2．简答题(1) 什么是供应链？P12供应链是生产及流通过程中，涉及将产品或服务提供给最终用户所形成的网链结构。

(2)??21世纪全球市场竞争的主要特点是什么？P61) 产品开发周期越来越短2) 产品品种数飞速膨胀3) 对交货期的要求越来越高4) 对产品和服务的期望越来越高(3) 供应链管理是如何产生和发展起来的？P10“横向一体化”形成了一条从供应商到制造商再到分销商的贯穿所有企业的“链”。

由于相邻结点企业表现出一种需求与供应的关系，当把所有相邻企业依次连接起来，便形成了供应链(supply chain)。

这条链上的结点企业必须达到同步、协调运行，才有可能使链上的所有企业都能受益，于是便产生了供应链管理这一新的经营与运作模式。

供应链管理利用现代信息技术，通过改造和集成业务流程、与供应商以及客户建立协同的业务伙伴联盟、实施电子商务，大大提高了企业的竞争力，使企业在复杂的市场环境下立于不败之地。

(4) 什么是供应链管理？P22它的主要研究内容是什么？P23供应链管理是一种集成的管理思想和方法，它执行供应链中从供应商到最终用户的物流计划和控制等职能。

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