航海名词须知

航海名词须知

航海科学nautical science / 航海学Marine Navigational

地文航海Geo-Navigation / 天文航海Celestial navigational

航海仪器Nautical instrument / 航海气象Nautical meteorology

助航标志Aids to navigational /航海图书资料Nautical charts & publications 船艺Seamanship /船舶操纵Ship-handing / Manoeuvring

船舶避碰Ship collision prevention /航行管理Navigational Management

航海法规Maritime rules and regulations/航运业务Shipping Business

海商法maritime law/code /船舶登记Ship registration

船舶检验Ship survey /海上安全监督Marine safety supervision

海上保险Marine insurance

真北True north (NT) / 磁北Magnetic North (NM)

罗北Compass North (NC)/ 陀罗北Gyro-compass North (NG)

磁差Variation ―Var‖ / 航向Course ―C‖

航向线Course Line ―CL‖/ 船首向Heading ―Hdg‖

真航向True Course ―TC‖ / 磁航向Magnetic Course ―Mc‖

罗航向Compass Course ‖Cc‖/ 陀罗航向Gyro-compass Course ―Gc‖

标准罗航向Standard compass course/ 操舵罗航向Steering compass course 大圆航向Great circle course ―GCC‖ / 转向Alter course ―a/c‖

始航向Initial Course/ 终航向Final course / 航迹Track ―Tk‖

计划航迹向Course of advance ―CA‖ / Intened track

推算航迹向Estimated course/ 实际航迹向Actual track/ course over ground 方位Bearing ―B‖/ 方位线Bearing Line ―BL‖/ 正横Abeam

真方位True Bearing ―TB‖ /磁方位Magnetic Bearing ―MB‖

罗方位Compass Bearing ―CB‖/ 陀罗方位Gyro-compass Bearing ―GB‖

链Cable ―cab‖ / 航程Distance / Run /航速Speed / 船速Ship’s speed

计划航速Speed of advance /推算航速Speed made good

实际航速Speed over ground / 经济航速Economic speed

主机航速Speed by RPM(Engine speed)/ 计程仪航速Speed by log

正横距离Distance abeam / 最近距离Minimum distance

航行计划Navigational plan(sail plan)/ 航线设计Passage Planning

推荐航线Recommended route / 最佳航线Optimum route

始发港Port of sailing(origin) /出发港Port of departure

挂靠港Port of call / 到达港Port of arrival/ 目的港Port of destination

转向点Turning Point / 航路点Way Point ―WP‖/ 航次Voyage ―Voy‖

大洋航路Ocean Passage / 航迹推算Track made good

航迹绘算Track Plotting / 海图作业Charts work/航迹计算Track calculating 推算始点Departure Point / 推算终点Arrival Point

积算船位Dead reckoning position ―DR‖/推算船位Estimated position ―EP‖

风压差Leeway angle ―α‖/ 流压差Drift angle ―β‖/

风流压差Leeway and drift angle ―γ‖/ 偏航Crabbing (off course/ off way) 东西距Departure ―Dep‖

推算经纬Estimated Longitude / latitude

观测船位/纬度/经度Observed Position ―OP‖/ Latitude/ Longitude

经度/纬度改正量Longitude/ Latitude correction

陆标Landmark ( Terrestrial object)/ 位置线Line of position (LOP)

方位位置线Position line by bearing /距离位置线Position line by distance

定位Fixing (positioning) /陆标定位Fixing by landmark

方位定位Fixing by cross bearing / 距离定位Fixing by distance

方位距离定位Fixing by bearing and distance/ 天文定位Celestial fixing

船位Fix (Ship’s position) / 陆标船位Terrestrial Fix (TF)

联合船位Combined Fix (CF) / 大洋航行Ocean navigation

近洋航行Offshore navigation /狭水道航行Navigating in narrow channel

沿岸航行Coastal navigation/navigating in coastal water

风暴中航行Navigating in heavy weather / 雾中航行Navigating in fog

极区航行Polar navigation / 冰区航行Ice navigation

天体Celestial body / 天文观测Celestial observation

天赤道Celestial equator / 时角Hour angle (HA)

地方时角Local hour angle(LHA) / 格林时角Greenwich hour angle (GHA)

赤纬Declination (Dec) / 赤经Right ascension (RA)

春分点Vernal equinox / 夏至点Summer solstice

秋分点Autumnal equinox / 冬至点Winter solstice

平时Mean time (T) / 地方平时Local mean time(LMT)

原子时Atomic time (AT) / 区时Zone Time (ZT)

世界时Universal Time (GMT)/协调世界时Coordination Universal Time(UTC) 标准时Standard Time / 法定时Legal Time

夏令时Summer time (daylight saving time) / 时差Equation of Time (ET)

日界线Date Line (Calendar line) / 天文钟误差Chronometer error (CE)

航海天文历Nautical almanac / 六分仪高度Sextant altitude

日出(没) sun rise（set）/ 月出（没）/ Moon rise(set)

观测高度Observed altitude / 导航设备Navigation aids

选择船位/纬度/经度Assumed position/ latitude/ longitude

无线电导航Radio navigation/ 无线电测向Radio direction finding (RDF)

自动测向仪Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)

航海仪器

罗经compass/ 磁罗经Magnetic compass/ 标准罗经Standard compass

操舵罗经Steering compass / 应急罗经Emergency compass

救生艇罗经Lifeboat compass/ 罗经盘Compass Card/液体罗经Liquid compass 纵向磁棒Fore-and aft magnet / 横向磁棒Athwartships magnet

天文钟Chronometer / 子母钟Primary – Secondary clock

海图作业工具Chart work tools / 气压表Barometer/ 气压计Barograph

温度计Hygrograph / 温度表Hygrometer

风速计Anemograph / 风速表Anemometer

陀螺（电）罗经Gyrocompass / 陀螺球Gyro-sphere (Gyro-ball)

贮液缸Liquid container / 分罗经Compass repeater