(完整版)外研版必修五课文及文化角译文
外研版高中英语必修5 Module2 Reading课文英汉互译课件
the other side there is a sheer drop，which in
places is hundreds of metres deep. Although there is not a lot of traffic，on average，one vehicle
comes off the road every two weeks. The drop is
Module 2 Reading
英汉对照
The Human Traffic Signal At 3,500 metres，La Paz，in BolБайду номын сангаасvia，is the highest capital in the world. Life is hard at high altitude，and the mountains make communications difficult. Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. One road in particular，which goes north from La Paz，is considered the most dangerous road in the world. On one side the mountains rise steeply；on
he was called out in the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo.This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.He realised that he was lucky to be alive himself，and felt that it was his mission in life to help others.And so every morning，week in ，week out，from dawn to dusk，Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.
外研必修五Module 4 课文及翻译
Module 4 CarnivalThe Magic of the MaskThink of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion想到狂欢节你就会想到群众、服装和混乱。
The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere随着国家的变化听到的和看到的都是不同的，但是任何地方人们都是兴奋的。
“Carnival” comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”“狂欢节”是由俩个拉丁词演变而来的，它的意思是“不要吃肉”。
In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter欧洲是狂欢节的发源地，在接近狂欢节的四十天里是不能吃肉的，人们准备迎接基督教的“复活节’。
People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up人们把狂欢节做为冬天结束前最后的一个玩乐机会，尽情的吃喝玩了、打扮。
The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice欧洲最著名的狂欢节是在威尼斯。
At the beginning, it lasted for just one day People ate, drank, and wore masks刚开始的时候，狂欢节只持续了一天。
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译(外研版)
1.必修五MODULE 1 Words, words, words词，词，词British and American English are different in many ways. 英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同。
The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. 首先最明显的是在词汇方面。
There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. 有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。
Some of these words are wellknown---Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas;其中有些词就很广泛地为人所知--- 美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas;the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol. 英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。
As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi(British) or cab (American). 作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab (美式)游览城市。
外研必修五Module 2 课文及翻译
Module 2 A Job Worth DoingThe Human Traffic Signal人体交通标志At 3500 meters, La Paz, in Bolivia, is the highest capital in the world位于海拔3500米的玻利维亚的首都拉巴斯是世界上最高的首都。
Life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent在海拔高的地区生活是艰苦的而且高山会使地区的交通变得困难。
许多道路的情况都非常的差而且时常发生事故。
One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world事实上，从拉巴斯通向北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop, which in places is hundreds of metres deep在路的一边耸立着陡峭的高山，在路的另一边会有一个陡峭的悬崖，有的地方有几百米深。
Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks尽管这里没有太多的交通，平均每两个周就会有一辆车冲出道路掉进悬崖。
The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive这个悬崖落差是非常大的，在掉下去的车里任何一个乘客能活下来都是非常不容易的。
外研版英语必修5阅读与文化角课文原文
外研英语必修5精读课文与文化角课文Module 1 British and American EnglishWords, words, wordsBritish and American English are different in many ways. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. Some of these words are well-known –Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas; the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol. As a tourist, you will need to used the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American).British and AmericanChips or French fries?But other words and expressions are not so well known. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch. The British queue up; Americans stand in line. Sometimes the same word ahs a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin andare sold in packets. The British call these crisps. The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic.Have or have got?There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British say Have you got…? while Americans prefer Do you have…? An American might say My friend just arrived, but a British person would say My friend has just arrived. Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them (I’ll see you Monday; write me soon!)Colour or color?The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. American spelling seems simpler: center, color and program instead of centre, colour and programme. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. But are they really so important? After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them. A Londoner has more difficultyunderstanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.Turn on the TVSome experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together. For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed steadily. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. This non-stop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents –American, British, Australian, and even Spanish. One of the best-known faces, Monita Rajpal, was born in Hong Kong, China, and grew up speaking Chinese and Punjabi, as well as English.This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”, not just two main varieties. But the message s is “Don’t worry.” Users of English will all be able to understand each other – wherever they are.The Man Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /rait/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters.For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. as a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American” look.So he began his work on American English. His first book, the Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first appeared 1828. it introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course,the new spelling. The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster’s dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.Module 2 A Job Worth DoingThe Human Traffic SignalAt 3500 meters, La Paz, in Bolivia, is the highest capital in the world. Life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult. Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop, which in places is hundreds of metres deep. Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive. In theory, the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning, and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. But in practice, few drivers respect the rules.But thanks to one man, the death toll has fallen. Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46-year-old man who lives in a village near the mostdangerous part of the road, known locally as la curva del Diablo (the Devil's Bend). Timoteo has an unusual job – he is a human traffic signal. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. The board is red on one side and green on the other. Timoteo stands on the bend and directs the traffic. When two vehicles approach from opposite directions they can't see each other, but they can see Timoteo. Timoteo is a volunteer. No one asked him to do the job, and no one pays him for it. Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on. But often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted.So why does he do it? Before he volunteer to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. He had been a miner and a soldier. Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. Somehow he survived. He was in hospital for months. Then, a few years later, he was called out in the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo. He realised that he was lucky to be alive himself, and felt that it was his mission in life to help others. And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.Growing JobsWhat sort of jobs will people de doing ten years from now? according to a survey published by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. They include computer systems analysts, data analysts and database managers. But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. Some of these will be new jobs, such as bioinformaticians, who combine computer skills with knowledge of biology. Others will be more traditional. For example, more home care nurses will be needed to look after the rapidly ageing population. But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18. the number of speech pathologists (who help people who have problems speaking) is expected to double by the year 2012. and social workers will continue to be in demand.Of course there will be plenty of other new jobs, some of which we probably can’t even guess. But for those who love the outdoor life, a good bet could be the leisure industry. As more and more countries open up to tourism, more travel agents will be needed, but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays. For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and anoutgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the CinemaThe SteamboatThere was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river. Suddenly, by the light of the lightning, we saw something in the middle of the river. It looked like a house at first, but then we realized it was a steamboat. It had hit a rock and was half in and half out of the water. We were sailing straight towards it."It looks as if it'll go under soon," Jim said, after a couple of minutes."Let's go and take a look," I said."I don't want to board a sinking ship," said Jim, but when I suggested that we might find something useful on the boat, he agreed to go. So we paddled over and climbed on to the steamboat, keeping as quiet as mice. To our astonishment, there was a light in one of the cabins. Then we heard someone shout, "Oh please boys, don't kill me! I won't tell anybody!"A man's angry voice answered, "You're lying. You said that last time. We're going to kill you."When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. But although I was frightened, I also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door. It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope. There were two men standing over him. One was short, with a beard. The other was tall and had something in his hand that looked like a gun.'I've had enough of you. I'm going to shoot you now," this man said. He was obviously the one who had threatened the man on the floor. And it was a gun he had in his hand."No, don't do that," said the short man. "Let's leave him here. The steamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he'll go down with it."When he heard that, the frightened man on the floor started crying. "He sounds as if he's going to die of fright!" I thought. "I have to find a way to save him!"I crawled along the deck, found Jim, and told him what I had heard. "We must find their boat and take it away, then they'll have to stay here,"I said.Jim looked terrified. "I'm not staying here," he said. But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the men's boat tied to the other side of the steamboat. We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting. By then we were a safe distance away. But now I began to feel bad about what we had done. I didn't want all threemen to die.The Life of Mark TwainOften the lives of writers resemble the lives fo the characters they create. Mark Twain, who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, was no exception. To start with, the author’s name, Mark Twain, is itself an invention, or “pen name”. Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens. “Mark Twain”, which means “watermark two”, was a call used by sailors on the Missi ssippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.Like Huck, Mark Twain led an adventurous life. He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans. He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, where he thought he could get rich quickly. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America. Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river. Twain’s vivid and often amusing descriptions of life on the riverquickly became popular, and established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.\Module 4 CarnivalThe Magic of the MaskThink of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere.“Carnival” comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognised. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.The government realised that wearing masks had become a problem. Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century. Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women. In later times more laws were passed. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask. If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. They began making masks and organising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper (called coriandoli) at tourists. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main languages. But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask. As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks—elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditionalor modern-- but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.The Meaning of CarnivalCarnival today is an international, multicultural experience. But how did it become so? To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures – European and African.The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them. This marked the beginning of the slave trade. For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa and transported to the New World to work as slaves. Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners.Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals. So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dances. In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them. But at the same time they werecontinuing their own African traditions – such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing a custom which they thought would bring good luck.When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival. It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created. Carnival became a celebration of freedom.With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too – and they were welcomed by their former slaves. Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing. Today, visitors from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.Module 5 The Great Sports PersonalityA Life in SportThey called him the prince of gymnasts. When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world. They included six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 WorldChampionship, and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles ( as well as two silver and a bronze). Li Ning was the best. When sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the tw entieth century, Li Ning’s name was on it, together with footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. A year after his retirement, Li Ning began a new career—as a businessman. But he didn’t forget his sporting background. He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas. He made the unusual choice, for a Chinese person, of choosing his own name as the brand mark. The bright red logo is made up of the first two pingyin letter s of Li Ning’s name, L and N.Li Ning’s sports clothes came onto the market at just the right time. The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase—and sport had never been so popular. Li Ning’s designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals—they were cheaper. A pair of Nike trainers, for example, could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product. Success for Li Ning wasguaranteed, and it came quickly.In just a few years, Li Ning won more than fifty per cent of the national market. Today a Li Ning product is purchased every ten seconds. But the clothes are not only worn on the athletics track or the football pitch. If you go into a school or university anywhere, you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo. The company has also grown internationally. The Spanish and French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes, while Italian designers are employed by the company to create new styles. Whenever Chinese athletes stepped out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics, they were wearing Li Ning tracksuits.But Li Ning’s goal when he retired was not to make money. His dream was to open a school for gymnasts. He was able to do this in 1991. Since then, he has continued to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions. Like Pele and Muhammad Ali before him, who have worked with the United Nations for children’s rights and peace, Li Ning has discovered that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport. It starts. And if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as Li Ning’s advertising slogan says.Marathon: the Ultimate Olympic EventThe final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.The marathon has been an Olympic event. Since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres –the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles –about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically. When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he returned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.In fact, you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famousmarathons is in New Your, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city’s five boroughs, and past New Yo rk’s famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Greet Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people – even people who are not particularly good at sport – can run a marathon, if they train for it.Module 6Animals in DangerSaving the AntelopesOn a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang suonandajie found what he was looking for – a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. Jiesang knew he had to move quickly. He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns. Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage –there were more of them. In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed. When his frozen body was found hours later, he was still holding his gun. He had given his life to save the Tibetan antelope.At the beginning of the twentieth century there were millions of antelopes on the Qinghai – Tibetan Plateau. By the 1990s the number hadfallen to about 50,000. The season is simple: the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world. It is soft, light and warm –the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes. A shawl made from the wool (known as “shahtoosh”, or “king of wools” in Persian) can sell for five thousand dollars. For poachers the profits can be huge.Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much. The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. From there, it is exported to rich countries in North America and Europe. The business is completely illegal – there has been a ban on the trade since 1975. But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people. A police raid on a shop in London found 138 shawls. About 1,000 antelopes – or 2 per cent of the world’s populat ion – had been killed to make them.In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve –the huge national park on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes. Over the next ten years about 3,000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.But today the governments seems to be winning the battle. Thenumber of poachers has fallen. The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres. Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers. International co-operation seems to be working. Since 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again.WWFThe WWF is the world’s largest organization for nature conservation. It was founded in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year. its aim was to protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction. One of the founders, the painter and naturalist Peter Scott, designed the famous panda logo. The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature. Originally the name was World Wildlife Fund. Today the organization has branches in 90 countries in all five continents. It has thousands of volunteers and more than five million supporters who help by giving money. Since 1985 it has spent more than $1,000 million on 11,000 projects in 130 countries.The focus of attention has changed, too. In the 1980s the WWF became interested in all activities which have an effect on the environment, such as pollution and the way we use energy. The WWFbelieves that our world has a future only if peole learn to conserve nature and not waster energy. As a result, it started working with governments to introduce environmental education into schools.The WWF has worked with the Chinese government since 1980, when Dr George shaller arrived to work with Chinese scientists on the panda project. For fifteen years WWF China staff had been based in Switzerland but came to China to monitor the project. Then, in 1995, the organization set up an office in Beijing. Today there are more than thirty staff working on twenty rojects all over the country. They include work in forests, energy, and in environmental education for China’s primary and secondary schools as well as saving the panda, of course.。
外研版高中英语必修5 Cultural Corner逐句翻译
外研版高中英语必修5 Cultural Corner逐句翻译B5 M1 Cultural Corner逐句翻译The Man Who Made Spelling Simple简化拼写的人In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. 在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是能表现出发音。
So people say /rait/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. 因此人们发/rait/的音，却拼写为right，或是write，甚至rite。
Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. 字母组合（像ough）可能会有好多种发音。
And some words just seem to have too many letters.有些单词看起来有太多的字母。
For Americans things are a little bit easier, 对美国人来说，情况就较为简单，thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778.这多亏了诺亚﹒韦伯斯特的贡献，他是1778年毕业于耶鱼大学的一名教师。
as a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American”look.年轻的时候，他参加了反对英国的美国独立战争，并且他觉得英语的书写在新生的美国应该有一个独特的“美国式”面貌。
外研版必修五课文及文化角译文
外研版必修五Reading 及Cultural Corner译文Module 1 Reading译文词;词;词英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同..首先最明显的是在词汇方面..有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用;或者以一种不同的意思被使用着..美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles;给车加gas；英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars;给车加petrol..作为游人;在伦敦你要乘underground;而在纽约则是subway;或者你愿意乘坐taxi英式或者cab美式游览城市..Chips 还是French fries但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知..美国人把手电筒称为flashlight; 而英国人却叫它torch..英国人排队用queue up;而美国人说stand in line..有时候;同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑..比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条;在美国却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片---英国人把这种东西称为crisps..英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为French fries..Have 还是Have got在语法上;英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别..英国人说Have you got …然而美国人却愿意说 Do you have …美国人可能会说My friend just arrived;但是英国人愿意讲My friend has just arrived..介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下on the team; on the weekend美国用法和in the team; at the weekend英国用法..英国人用介词的地方美国人有时候可能会省略I’ll see you Monday; Write me soon Colour还Color此外;在两种英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音..美式英语的拼写看上去更简单一些：center; color和program是美式拼法 ; centre; colour和 programme 是英式拼法..自从400年前第一批移民的到来;有很多因素影响了美语发音..在美国东海岸能够听到跟英式英语非常接近的口音..当爱尔兰作家萧伯纳讲那句名言---英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族---的时候;他显然想到了它们的区别..但是这些区别真的如此重要吗毕竟;两个国家境内的口音差别可能跟两国之间的口音差别一样多..一个伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话可能比理解一个纽约人更难..打开电视机很多专家相信这两种语言变体正在越来越接近..一个多世纪以来;大西洋两岸的交流稳步发展..自从20世纪80年代以来;随着卫星电视和因特网的使用;非常便捷地听到英式英语和美式英语已经成为可能..专家们认为;这种不间断的交流使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更容易..但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语;以至于现在有一些人相信英式英语将要消失..然而;如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN;你会发现新闻播音员和天气预报员操着不同的口音---美国的;英国的;澳大利亚的;甚至西班牙的..其中最熟悉的脸孔之一;慕妮塔. 让治派出生于中国香港; 从小到大说的是汉语;一种印度土语和英语..这种国际性的广泛使用表明;在未来将有很多种英语;不仅仅是两种..但其实大家不用担心无论在哪里;英语的使用者们都会彼此理解..Module 1 Cultural Corner译文让拼写变简单的人在英语中;单词的拼写并不是总能显示出发音..因此人们在说/rait/时却会拼出right;或write; 甚至是rite..字母组合如ough; 也许会有许多种发音;而有些词似乎有太多的字母..对美国人来说;事情要简单些;这要感谢诺亚·韦伯斯特的工作;他1778年毕业于耶鲁大学;是一名教师..年轻时;他在美国独立战争中同英国人进行过战斗;因此他觉得在刚刚独立的美利坚合众国;书面英语应该有独特的“美国”风格..于是他开始了有关美式英语的工作..他的第一本书——初级拼写课本建议简化英语单词的拼写..这本书非常流行..到19世纪50年代;每年都能卖出100万本;这使它成为历史上最流行的学校用书之一..许多建议很快就被采纳..center代替了centre;program代替了programme;而flavor取代了flavour..但其他的;如去掉不发音的字母;如island中的“s”; 或者examine最后的“ e”却未被采纳..韦伯斯特以他的美国英语词典而着名;这本词典最初于1828年面市..它引入了大量的新的美国词汇;以及它们的发音和使用信息;当然还有新的拼写..英国人批评这本词典;但它很快成为美国的标准参考书..如今;韦氏词典仍然是美国学生最喜欢的词典..Module 2 Reading译文The human traffic signal人体交通标志位于海拔3500米的玻利维亚的首都拉巴斯是世界上最高的首都..在海拔高的地区生活是艰苦的而且高山会使地区的交通变得困难..许多道路的情况都非常的差而且时常发生事故..事实上;从拉巴斯通向北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路..在路的一边耸立着陡峭的高山;在路的另一边会有一个陡峭的悬崖;有的地方有几百米深..尽管这里没有太多的交通;平均每两个周就会有一辆车冲出道路掉进悬崖..这个悬崖落差是非常大的;在掉下去的车里任何一个乘客能活下来都是非常不容易的..理论上说;这条路从早上八点钟开始只允许上山的车通行;而下午三点以后只允许下山的车通行..但是事实上;几乎很少有司机遵守这些规定.. 但是幸亏一个人;这条路上的伤亡人数已经下降了..一个46岁的温和的名叫铁穆特欧.安迫塞的老人住在距离这条路最危险路段的一个村庄里;这段路通常被人们称为“魔鬼弯路”..铁穆特欧有一个不寻常的工作----人体交通标志..每天早晨他手里都拿着一个大的圆的板爬上弯道..这个板一面是红色的另一面是绿色的..铁穆特欧在站在转弯处指挥交通..当两辆车相对开来时他们彼此是看不到的;但都可以看到铁穆特欧..铁穆特欧是志愿者..没有人要他去做这项工作也没有人付钱给他..有时;司机会给他一些小费;以便让他有足够的钱来维持生活..但是在通常情况下司机们会开着车过去;把人体交通标志看作是理所当然的事了.. 但是他为什么要这样做呢在他自愿去指挥交通之前;铁穆特欧做过很多工作..他曾经当过矿工和士兵..当他做卡车司机的时候;有一次他和死神意外亲密相遇..当他开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候;他连人带车都掉进300米深的山崖下面..不知什么原因他幸 11 存了下来..他在医院里住了好几个月..几年后的一个夜里;他被叫起来帮助拉出在“魔鬼弯道”里坠毁的公共汽车里的人..最后的这次经历给铁穆特欧有了深刻的影响..他认识到他很幸运的活了下来并且感觉到它的使命是去帮助他人..于是无论从早到晚还是从黎明到黄昏;一周又一周;铁穆特欧都会来到这条路的弯道处站好他的位置;指挥交通..Module 2 Cultural Corner 译文..Growing Jobs 发展中的职业未来十年人们会做什么类型的工作根据美国一所大学发表的一份调查报告表明; 增长速度最快的十种职业将与电脑和健康有关..这些职业包括计算机系统分析员、数据分析员及数据库管理员..但是;对卫生保健专业人员的需求也会上升..其中的一些将会成为新的职业;诸如把计算机技能与生物知识结合起来的生物信息学者..其他职业会更加传统..将需要更多的家庭护理人员来照顾快速增长的老龄人口..但还有许多青少年也需要得到专业的照顾..1400万美国人患有语言或表达障碍;而且其中的600万年龄在18岁以下..预计到2012年时;语言病理学家的数量将会翻番..而对社会工作者的需求量仍会很大..当然会有大量的新职业;其中一些甚至很可能是我们想像不到的职业..但是;对于那些户外生活爱好者来说;娱乐行业可能是一种不错的选择..随着越来越多的国家开放旅游业;将需要更多的旅行社..然而真正需要的将是带领旅行团及个人进行冒险度假的导游..对于做这种职业的人们来说;常识、身体健康及开朗的性格可能比计算机技能更加重要..Module 3 Reading译文汽船后半夜来了一场暴风雨;大雨倾盆而下..我们躲进了自己搭起来的避雨棚;让木伐顺流而下..突然间;借着闪电的光亮;我们看到河中间有东西..一开始它看上去像座房子;但后来我们意识到那是艘蒸汽船;它触碓了;一半沉在水里;一半露在水面上..我们的木伐正朝着它驶去..“看起来它快沉了;”过了一会儿;吉姆说..“我们去看看怎么回事..”我接着说..“我可不想上一艘快要沉的船..”吉姆不同意;但当我提出我们可以在上面找到一些有用的东西时;他还是同意了..于是我们划了过去;蹑手蹑脚地;像耗子一样悄无声息地爬上了汽船..令我们大吃一惊的是;有间船舱里还亮着一盏灯..接着我们听到人的嚎叫声;“哦;哥们儿;请别杀我我跟谁也不会说的”一个男人生气的声音回应道：“你在撒谎;上次你也是这么说的..我们要杀了你”吉姆听到这些后;恐惧万分;向木伐跑去..而我尽管害怕;但又感到十分好奇;于是就把头凑向了那扇门..船舱里面很黑;但我能看见一个人;躺在地板上;被绳子捆着..有两个人围着他站着..其中一个是矮个;留着络腮胡子；另外一个是高个;手里拿着什么东西;看起来像是把枪..“我受够你了我现在就要毙了你..”那个高个说道..显然他就是刚才威胁躺在地上的人的那个人..握在他手中的确实是把枪..“不;别这么干..”那个矮个说;“我们把他扔在这儿..这船过几小时就沉了;他也就跟船一起沉了..”听到这话后;那个在地上已经被吓傻的人开始嚎哭..“听起来他就要吓死了;”我想;“我得设法去救他..”我沿着甲板爬行;找到了吉姆;并告诉他我所看到的一切..我说：“我们必须找到他们的船并弄走它;然后他们就不得不呆在这儿了..”吉姆看上去很害怕;他说;“我不想呆在这儿..”但我说服他帮我的忙;然后找到了他们拴在汽船另一边的小船;我们悄悄地爬上了小船..就在我们划着小船离开那艘要沉的汽船时;我们听到了那两个人的吼叫声..而那时我们已经离他们有段安全的距离了..但现在我开始后悔这么做了——我不想让那三个人都死掉..Module 3 Cultural Corner 译文马克·吐温的一生作家的生活经历常常和他们所创造的角色的生活经历相类似..马克·吐温这位创作了哈克贝利·芬历险记和汤姆·索亚历险记的作家也毫不例外..首先;作家的名字——马克·吐温本身就是一个创造;或叫“笔名”.. 马克·吐温的原名叫萨缪乐·克莱门斯..“马克·吐温”的意思是“水深两浔”;是密西西比河上水手使用的叫法;用来警告船员即将进入浅水区..跟哈克一样;马克·吐温也经历了充满冒险的一生..他很早就离开学校;作为一个年轻人;他决定前往南美洲寻找财富;离开在密苏里州汉尼拔的家;取道新奥尔良州;他想坐船去亚马逊河;认为在那自己会很快变得富有..身无分文的他来到新奥尔良;却发现根本没有去南美洲的船..被迫改变计划后;他在一艘船上做了几年领航员;带领乘客往返于密西西比河;这条大河从美国北部靠近加拿大边境地区;一直流向墨西哥湾..之后他成为一名记者;开始写一些有关密西西比河上生活的小说..马克·吐温那有关河上生活生动而幽默的描述很快受到了欢迎;并且作为美国最伟大的作家之一;树立起了经久不衰的声望..Module 4 Reading 译文面具的魔力想到狂欢节;你就会想到人群、各色各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面..热闹的场面在不同的国家会有所不同;但人们的兴奋程度在各地都是相同的..狂欢节这个词是由两个拉丁词演变来的;意思是“禁肉食”..欧洲是狂欢节的起源地;在那里;狂欢节过后会有40天不食肉的日子..这期间;人们准备迎接基督教的节日---复活节..他们把狂欢节作为冬天结束前最后一次玩乐的机会;尽情地吃、喝、乔装打扮一番..欧洲最着名的狂欢节是在威尼斯..最初;狂欢节只持续一天..人们吃啊、喝啊;并戴上面具..渐渐地;庆祝狂欢节的时间长了;圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始..接连几个星期;人们戴着面具走街串巷;为所欲为而不会被认出来..普通人可以装成阔佬和要人;而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇..很多罪行都逃脱了惩处..政府意识到戴面具成了一个社会问题;于是制定了限用面具的法律条文..这最早可以追溯到14世纪..男子不准在夜间戴面具;并且不能假扮女性..之后;更多法律条文出台..戴面具者不得携带火器;不得进入教堂..违反面具法者将被判入狱;刑期可长达两年..最后;在18世纪末;当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时;面具被完全禁止了;狂欢节成为记忆..但在20世纪70年代后期;狂欢节这个传统又被学生们恢复了..他们开始制造面具;并组织聚会..他们向游人扔许多小块的彩色纸片..市镇议会觉得狂欢节创造了一定的商机;因此狂欢节得以发展;以吸引更多的游客..如今;威尼斯狂欢节的庆祝活动在二月进行;历时五天..来自欧洲各国的人们在此尽情娱乐..旅店一订而空;狭窄的街道挤满了身着各种华美服饰的人们..德语、法语和英语似乎成了主要语言..但威尼斯狂欢节的本质与美洲狂欢节有所不同..在里约热内卢;狂欢节主要是音乐和游行了..而在威尼斯;则是神秘的面具..走在街上;你能看到成千上万的面具;高雅的、可怕的、忧伤的、有趣的、传统的、时尚的;但你并不知道面具后面的是哪张面孔..没人把面具摘下..如果面具摘掉了;其魔力也就消失了..Module 4 Cultural Corner 译文狂欢节的含义如今的狂欢节是一种国际性、多元文化的体验..但它是如何演变而来的呢要了解有关狂欢节的一切;我们需要回顾美洲的历史以及两种文化——欧洲和非洲的交汇..欧洲人到达美洲后;建立了巨大的农场和种植园;用来种植棉花、水果和蔬菜;这意味着对大量劳动力的急切需求;标志着贩卖奴隶的开始..在长达两百多年的历史中;直到19世纪初贩卖最终停止;成百上千万的非洲人被迫离开家乡;被运往新大陆充当奴隶..其中有六百万被带往加勒比海各个岛屿;那里有英国和法国的庄园主..欧洲人很自然地引进了他们的节日..奴隶们被迫看着他们的主人在庆祝狂欢节时大吃大喝;戴着面具舞蹈..在特立尼达岛;奴隶们开始举办自己的狂欢庆典：他们把自己的脸涂成白色;模仿并取笑他们的主人..但同时;他们也继续着自己的非洲传统——比如戴着面具绕着村庄边走边唱——这是一种他们认为可以带来好运的习俗..当1838年奴隶贩卖被废止时;旧时的奴隶们沿袭了狂欢节..它变得比过去更加丰富多采和激动人心;出现了华丽的服饰和乐队;狂欢节成了自由的庆典..随着时间的流逝;岛上的白人居民也开始参与到狂欢节中来——并受到早先奴隶的欢迎..狂欢节成为一种团结不同人群的方式;因为人们会忘掉日常生活中的烦恼;尽情享受饮食和舞蹈..今天;来自全世界的游客;都参与到了加勒比海地区的这个小国家的欢乐中来..狂欢节已经成为生活本身的庆典..Module 5 Reading 译文体育人生人们称他为体操王子..26岁退役时;他已在世界各重大比赛中获得了106枚金牌;其中包括1982年世界锦标赛总共七枚金牌中的六枚;1984年洛杉矶奥运会上的三枚金牌以及两枚银牌和一枚铜牌..李宁是最优秀的..1999年;当体育记者们评选20世纪最杰出的运动员时;李宁和球王贝利、拳王穆罕默德·阿里一起名列其中..但即使是已经赢得了自己在体操运动项目上所能赢得的一切;李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退役了..他感到很失望;因为他在1988年汉城奥运会上表现不佳..但就是这种失败感;使他决心在新的生活中取得成功..退役一年后;李宁开始了他新的事业——经商..但是他并没有忘记他的运动生涯..他决定推出一种新品牌运动服;和全球大公司耐克、阿迪达斯等竞争..对于一个中国人而言;他作出了不凡的选择;那就是用自己的名字做商标..那个鲜红色的商标是由“李宁”拼音的两个首字母——L和 N组成..李宁运动服进入市场正是时候..有钱消费的年轻人的数量在增加;而体育运动也得到前所未有的普及..李宁运动服不仅设计吸引人;而且比起那些更着名的商业对手;它拥有一个主要优势;那就是价格更便宜..比如;一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是一双李宁牌同类产品价格的五倍之多..李宁的成功有了保证;而且来势凶猛..短短几年;李宁赢得了超过50%的国内市场..现在每10秒种就有一双李宁牌产品售出..李宁牌运动服不仅仅出现在田径赛场和足球场上;如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园;你都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们..公司也有了国际化发展;西班牙和法国的体操运动员们也穿李宁牌运动服..同时;公司还雇用意大利设计师设计新的款式..当中国体操健儿步入2008年奥运会赛场时;他们将身穿李宁牌运动服..但是;李宁退役时的目标并不是赚钱..他的梦想是开办一所体操学校..1991年;他如愿以偿..从那时起;他不断地帮助年轻人实现他们的体育梦想..像在他之前的球王贝利和拳王穆罕默德·阿里;他们在联合国为儿童权利及世界和平工作多年..与他们一样;李宁发现：当一个杰出的运动员退出体坛时;他的工作并不是结束;而是开始..如果你是一位杰出的运动员;正如李宁广告语所言;“一切皆有可能..”Module 5 Cultural Corner 译文马拉松：奥运会的终极比赛奥运会的最后一个比赛项目是马拉松..通常它也是最精彩的..当领跑的运动员进入体育场完成42公里比赛的最后几米时;观众会起立欢呼..这一比赛的名字来自于古希腊的一场战役..根据传闻;一名士兵从战场——马拉松出发跑到雅典;带回了希腊人打败波斯人的胜利消息..他在到达后就牺牲了..马拉松在1896年现代奥运会开始就成了比赛项目..起初;比赛距离是40公里——从马拉松到雅典的长度..然而;在1908年;伦敦奥运会上;比赛距离被改变了..英国国王希望运动员们从他的温萨城堡出发;到达伦敦中心的新体育场..距离是26英里——大约42公里..事实上;1908年的马拉松有着戏剧化的结局..当领跑运动员——一名意大利人进入体育场时跑向了错误的方向;并摔倒在地..官员们扶起他并帮助他到达了终点..就在这时;第二名选手——一名美国人进入体育场..美国人提出了抗议;最后美国选手被宣布为胜利者..从那以后;出现了许多更精彩的马拉松比赛..事实上;你不需要等到奥运会来参加或观看马拉松..如今在全球有超过60个国家或上百个城市举行马拉松比赛..最着名的比赛之一是纽约马拉松比赛;有200万人会上街观看；选手将穿过纽约五个城区的桥梁;途经纽约着名的地标建筑..但也许最美丽和特别的马拉松比赛之一要数长城马拉松赛;大多数选手都发觉它是最艰难的路线..马拉松是奥运会最后的比赛项目;因为它被认为是最艰苦的..但专家相信大多数人;即使是对体育不怎么擅长的人;经过训练后也可以参加马拉松赛..Module 6 Reading 译文拯救藏羚羊1994年1月;一个滴水成冰的寒冷日子;杰桑·索南达杰发现了他一直寻找的目标——一群偷猎者正在猎杀濒临灭绝的藏羚羊..杰桑知道;他必须迅速行动..他大声地喊叫着;要偷猎者放下武器..偷猎者虽然感到惊慌;但他们占有优势——人多..在接下来的枪战中;杰桑被击中身亡..几小时后;当人们发现他冻僵的尸体时;他的手中仍然紧握着枪..他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命..20世纪初期;青藏高原上有着数百万只藏羚羊..截止到20世纪90年代;藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约五万只..原因很简单：藏羚羊毛是世界上最昂贵的毛皮..它又软又轻且暖和;是高海拔地区动物赖以生存的理想皮毛..一条藏羚羊毛织成的披肩名为“沙图什”;是波斯语中的“众毛之王”;能卖到5000美元..这对偷猎者来说;利润是丰厚的..那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动;一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊;只留下幼崽;因为它们的毛不怎么值钱..这些被捕杀的藏羚羊被当场剥皮;毛被带到印度做成披肩..在那里;披肩被出口到北美和欧洲的富裕国家..这种贸易是完全违法的;自1975年以来一直被禁止..但到了20世纪90年代;这种藏羚羊毛披肩在有钱人中间流行开来;成为时尚..在伦敦;警察在对一家商店的一次突击搜查中竟发现138条披肩;为制造这些披肩;大约1000只藏羚羊;或者说约占全球总数的2%的藏羚羊被猎杀..20世纪90年代;中国政府开始积极开展藏羚羊的保护工作..可可西里自然保护区——青藏高原的一个大型国家公园;是藏羚羊的主要栖息地..在接下来的十年中;大约有3000多名偷猎者被抓获;300辆汽车被没收..有时还发生枪战;杰桑·索南达杰就牺牲在这类枪战中..如今;政府似乎要赢得了这场战争;偷猎者的人数下降了..工作在保护区的政府官员们得到了来自全国各地、愿意忍受海拔5000米以来恶劣的生活环境的志愿者们的支持..同时;在那些出售藏羚羊毛披肩的国家;警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊毛披肩的贩卖者..国际合作似乎也见成效..自1997年以来;藏羚羊的数目又开始慢慢回升..Module 6 Cultural Corner 译文WWFWWF是世界上最大的自然保护组织;1961年在英国建立;同年在瑞士开设了国际办事处..它的目的是保护濒危野生动物的自然栖息地..基金的建立者之一、画家及自然主义者彼得·斯可特设计了着名的熊猫标识..首字母缩略词WWF代表世界自然基金会..而最初的名字是世界野生动物基金会..如今该组织在五大洲的90个国家设有分支机构..拥有成千上万的志愿者;以及超过五百万的捐助者..自1985年以来;它已在130个国家的 11000个项目上投入了超过10亿美元..WWF关注的焦点也发生了变化..在20世纪 80年代;WWF开始对所有对环境有影响的活动感兴趣;如污染和我们利用能源的方式..WWF相信我们的世界一定会有未来;只要人们学会保护自然并节约能源..因此;它开始与政府合作向学校推广环境教育..WWF从1980年开始与中国政府合作;当时乔治·山勒博士与中国科学家一起从事大熊猫计划..为了监控项目运行;已扎营在瑞士长达15年的WWF中国区员工离开瑞士来到中国;并于1985年在北京设立了办事处..如今;已经有超过30名员工在全国20个项目上从事工作..他们的工作包括森林、能源以及中小学校的环境教育;当然还有拯救大熊猫..。
高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译(外研版)
1.必修五MODULE 1 Words, words, words词，词，词British and American English are different in many ways. 英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同。
The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. 首先最明显的是在词汇方面。
There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. 有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。
Some of these words are well known---Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas;其中有些词就很广泛地为人所知--- 美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas;the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol.英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。
As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi(British) or cab (American).作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab (美式)游览城市。
外研版必修五课文及文化角译文讲课稿
外研版必修五Reading 及Cultural Corner译文Module 1 Reading译文词,词,词英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同。
首先最明显的是在词汇方面。
有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。
美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas；英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。
作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi（英式）或者cab（美式）游览城市。
Chips 还是French fries?但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知。
美国人把手电筒称为flashlight, 而英国人却叫它torch。
英国人排队用queue up，而美国人说stand in line。
有时候，同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。
比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条，在美国却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片---英国人把这种东西称为crisps。
英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为French fries。
Have 还是Have got ?在语法上，英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别。
英国人说Have you got …? 然而美国人却愿意说 Do you have …? 美国人可能会说My friend just arrived,但是英国人愿意讲My friend has just arrived。
介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下on the team, on the weekend(美国用法)和in the team, at the weekend(英国用法)。
英国人用介词的地方美国人有时候可能会省略（I’ll see you Monday; Write me soon!）Colour还Color?此外，在两种英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音。
外研必修五Module 5 课文及翻译
Module 5The great sports personalityA life in sportThey called him the prince of gymnasts这个人人们把他叫做体操王子。
When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world在二十六岁退役的时候，他已经在世界重大比赛中获得了一百零六枚金牌。
They included six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 World Championship, and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles ( as well as two silver and a bronze)它们包括1982年总共七枚金牌中的六枚和1984年洛杉矶奥运会中的三枚金牌和两枚银牌以及一枚铜牌。
Li Ning was the best这个最棒的人就是李宁。
When sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, Li Ning’s name was on it, together with footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali在1999年当体育记者在评选20世纪最杰出的男女体育运动员的时候，李宁和球王贝利以及拳王阿里。
But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed但是即使是已经赢得了自己在体操项目上有能力赢得的一切，李宁依然还是带着一种失败的感觉退役了。
外研版英语必修5阅读与文化角课文原文(7月20日).pdf
外研英语必修5精读课文与文化角课文Module 1 British and American EnglishWords, words, wordsBritish and American English are different in many ways. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are hundreds of different words which are not used on the other side of the Atlantic, or which are used with a different meaning. Some of these words are well-known –Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill up with gas; the British drive cars along motorways and fill up with petrol. As a tourist, you will need to used the underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American).British and AmericanChips or French fries?But other words and expressions are not so well known. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch. The British queue up; Americans stand in line. Sometimes the same word ahs a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. Chips, for example, are pieces of hot fried potato in Britain; in the States chips are very thin and are sold in packets. The British call these crisps. The chips the British know and love are French fries on the other side of the Atlantic.Have or have got?There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British say Have you got…? while Americans prefer Do you have…? An American might say My friend just arrived, but a British person would say My friend has just arrived. Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). The British use prepositions where Americans sometimes omit them (I’ll see you Monday; write me soon!)Colour or color?The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. American spelling seems simpler: center, color and program instead of centre, colour and programme. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago. The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. But are they really so important? After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them. A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.Turn on the TVSome experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together. For more than a century communications across the Atlantic have developed steadily. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. This non-stop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents –American, British, Australian, and even Spanish. One of the best-known faces, Monita Rajpal, was born in Hong Kong, China, and grew up speaking Chinese and Punjabi, as well as English.This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”, not just two main varieties. But the messages is “Don’t worry.” Users of English will all be able to understand each other – wherever they are.The Man Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /rait/ but spell it right, or write, or even rite. Combinations ofletters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters.For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. as a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American” look.So he began his work on American English. His first book, the Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English Language, which first appeared 1828. it introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling. The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster’s dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.Module 2 A Job Worth DoingThe Human Traffic SignalAt 3500 meters, La Paz, in Bolivia, is the highest capital in the world. Life is hard at high altitude, and the mountains make communications difficult. Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop, which in places is hundreds of metres deep. Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive. In theory, the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning, and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. But in practice, few drivers respect the rules.But thanks to one man, the death toll has fallen. Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46-year-old man who lives in a village near the most dangerous part of the road, known locally as la curva del Diablo (the Devil's Bend). Timoteo has an unusual job – he is a human traffic signal. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. The board is red on one side and green on the other. Timoteo stands on the bend and directs the traffic. When two vehicles approach from opposite directions they can't see each other, but they can see Timoteo. Timoteo is a volunteer. No one asked him to do the job, and no one payshim for it. Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on. But often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted.So why does he do it? Before he volunteer to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. He had been a miner and a soldier. Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. Somehow he survived. He was in hospital for months. Then, a few years later, he was called out in the night to help pull people out of a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo. He realised that he was lucky to be alive himself, and felt that it was his mission in life to help others. And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.Growing JobsWhat sort of jobs will people de doing ten years from now? according to a survey published by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. They include computer systems analysts, data analysts and database managers. But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. Some of these will be new jobs, such as bioinformaticians, who combine computer skillswith knowledge of biology. Others will be more traditional. For example, more home care nurses will be needed to look after the rapidly ageing population. But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18. the number of speech pathologists (who help people who have problems speaking) is expected to double by the year 2012. and social workers will continue to be in demand.Of course there will be plenty of other new jobs, some of which we probably can’t even guess. But for those who love the outdoor life, a good bet could be the leisure industry. As more and more countries open up to tourism, more travel agents will be needed, but the real demand will be for guides to take groups and even individuals on adventure holidays. For people doing this job, common sense, physical fitness and an outgoing personality are likely to be more important than computer skills.Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the CinemaThe SteamboatThere was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. We stayed inside the shelter we had built and let the raft sail down the river. Suddenly, by the light of the lightning, we saw something in the middle of the river. It looked like a house at first, but then we realized it was a steamboat. It had hit a rock and was half in and half out of the water. Wewere sailing straight towards it."It looks as if it'll go under soon," Jim said, after a couple of minutes."Let's go and take a look," I said."I don't want to board a sinking ship," said Jim, but when I suggested that we might find something useful on the boat, he agreed to go. So we paddled over and climbed on to the steamboat, keeping as quiet as mice. To our astonishment, there was a light in one of the cabins. Then we heard someone shout, "Oh please boys, don't kill me! I won't tell anybody!"A man's angry voice answered, "You're lying. You said that last time. We're going to kill you."When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. But although I was frightened, I also felt very curious, so I put my head round the door. It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope. There were two men standing over him. One was short, with a beard. The other was tall and had something in his hand that looked like a gun.'I've had enough of you. I'm going to shoot you now," this man said. He was obviously the one who had threatened the man on the floor. And it was a gun he had in his hand."No, don't do that," said the short man. "Let's leave him here. Thesteamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he'll go down with it."When he heard that, the frightened man on the floor started crying. "He sounds as if he's going to die of fright!" I thought. "I have to find a way to save him!"I crawled along the deck, found Jim, and told him what I had heard. "We must find their boat and take it away, then they'll have to stay here,"I said.Jim looked terrified. "I'm not staying here," he said. But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the men's boat tied to the other side of the steamboat. We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men shouting. By then we were a safe distance away. But now I began to feel bad about what we had done. I didn't want all three men to die.The Life of Mark TwainOften the lives of writers resemble the lives fo the characters they create. Mark Twain, who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adve ntures of Tom Sawyer, was no exception. To start with, the author’s name, Mark Twain, is itself an invention, or “pen name”. Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens. “Mark Twain”, which means “watermark two”, was a call used by sailors on the Missi ssippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.Like Huck, Mark Twain led an adventurous life. He left schoolearly, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans. He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, where he thought he could get rich quickly. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America. Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico.Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river. Twain’s vivid and often amusing descriptions of life on the river quickly became popular, and established the reputation he still enjoys today as one of America’s greatest writers.\Module 4 CarnivalThe Magic of the MaskThink of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere.“Carnival” comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season.Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.The most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice. At the beginning, it lasted for just one day. People ate, drank, and wore masks. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognised. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.The government realised that wearing masks had become a problem. Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century. Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women. In later times more laws were passed. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask. If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.But in the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. They began making masks and organising parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper (called coriandoli) at tourists. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed fortourists.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. People arrive from all over Europe to enjoy the fun. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main languages. But the spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask. As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks—elegant or frightening, sad or amusing, traditional or modern-- but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes them off. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.The Meaning of CarnivalCarnival today is an international, multicultural experience. But how did it become so? To understand what carnival is all about, we need to look at the history of America and the meeting of two cultures – European and African.The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them. This marked the beginning of the slave trade. For more than two hundred years, until the beginning of the 19th century, when the trade was finally stopped, millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa andtransported to the New World to work as slaves. Six million were taken to the Caribbean islands where there were British and French landowners.Naturally, the Europeans also imported their own festivals. So the slaves were forced to watch as their masters celebrated carnival with food, drink, and masked dances. In Trinidad, the slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations: they painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them. But at the same time they were continuing their own African traditions – such as walking round a village wearing masks and singing a custom which they thought would bring good luck.When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival. It became more colourful and more exciting than it had been before. Magnificent costumes were made and musical bands created. Carnival became a celebration of freedom.With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too – and they were welcomed by their former slaves. Carnival became a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing. Today, visitors from all over the world come to this small state in the Caribbean to join in the fun. Carnival has become a celebration of life itself.Module 5 The Great Sports PersonalityA Life in SportThey called him the prince of gymnasts. When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world. They included six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 World Championship, and three at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles ( as well as two silver and a bronze). Li Ning was the best. When sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, Li Ning’s name was on it, together with footballer Pele and boxer Muhammad Ali. But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life. A year after his retirement, Li Ning began a new career—as a businessman. But he didn’t forget his sporting background. He decided to launch a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas. He made the unusual choice, for a Chinese person, of choosing his own name as the brand mark. The bright red logo is made up of the first two pingyin letter s of Li Ning’s na me, L and N.Li Ning’s sports clothes came onto the market at just the right time. The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase—andsport had never been so popular. Li Ning’s designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals—they were cheaper. A pair of Nike trainers, for example, could cost up to five times as much as a similar Li Ning product. Success for Li Ning was guaranteed, and it came quickly.In just a few years, Li Ning won more than fifty per cent of the national market. Today a Li Ning product is purchased every ten seconds. But the clothes are not only worn on the athletics track or the football pitch. If you go into a school or university anywhere, you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo. The company has also grown internationally. The Spanish and French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes, while Italian designers are employed by the company to create new styles. Whenever Chinese athletes stepped out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics, they were wearing Li Ning tracksuits.But Li Ning’s goal when he retired was not to make money. His dream was to open a school for gymnasts. He was able to do this in 1991. Since then, he has continued to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions. Like Pele and Muhammad Ali before him, who have worked with the United Nations for children’s rights and peace, Li Ning has discovered that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport. It starts. And if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as Li Ning’s advertising slogan says.Marathon: the Ultimate Olympic EventThe final event in the Olympics is the marathon. It is also usually the most exciting. As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer. The name of the race comes from a battle in Ancient Greece. According to the story, a soldier ran from the scene of the battle, Marathon, to Athens, to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians. He died just after arriving.The marathon has been an Olympic event. Since the modern games started in 1896. At first the distance was 40 kilometres –the distance between Marathon and Athens. In 1908, however, at the London Olympics, it was changed. The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London. The distance was 26 miles –about 42 kilometres. In fact, the 1908 marathon ended dramatically. When the leader, an Italian, entered the stadium he returned the wrong way and fell onto the ground. Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line, just as the second runner, an American, entered the stadium. The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner. Since then, there have been many more exciting marathons.In fact, you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon, as there are marathons in over sixty countries andhundreds of cities around the world today. One of the most famous marathons is in New Your, and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city’s five boroughs, and past New Yo rk’s famous landmarks. But perhaps one of the most beautiful and extraordinary marathons ever is the Greet Wall Marathon, which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest. But experts believe that most people – even people who are not particularly good at sport – can run a marathon, if they train for it.Module 6Animals in DangerSaving the AntelopesOn a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang suonandajie found what he was looking for – a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. Jiesang knew he had to move quickly. He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns. Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage –there were more of them. In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed. When his frozen body was found hours later, he was still holding his gun. He had given his life to save the Tibetan antelope.At the beginning of the twentieth century there were millions of antelopes on the Qinghai – Tibetan Plateau. By the 1990s the number had fallen to about 50,000. The season is simple: the wool of the Tibetanantelope is the most expensive in the world. It is soft, light and warm –the ideal coat for an animal which has to survive at high altitudes. A shawl made from the wool (known as “shahtoosh”, or “king of wools” in Persian) can sell for five thousand dollars. For poachers the profits can be huge.Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much. The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. From there, it is exported to rich countries in North America and Europe. The business is completely illegal – there has been a ban on the trade since 1975. But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people. A police raid on a shop in London found 138 shawls. About 1,000 antelopes – or 2 per cent of the world’s populat ion – had been killed to make them.In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve –the huge national park on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes. Over the next ten years about 3,000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles confiscated. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.But today the governments seems to be winning the battle. The number of poachers has fallen. The small group of officials who work inthe reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, and who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres. Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers. International co-operation seems to be working. Since 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again.WWFThe WWF is the world’s largest organization for nature conservation. It was founded in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year. its aim was to protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction. One of the founders, the painter and naturalist Peter Scott, designed the famous panda logo. The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature. Originally the name was World Wildlife Fund. Today the organization has branches in 90 countries in all five continents. It has thousands of volunteers and more than five million supporters who help by giving money. Since 1985 it has spent more than $1,000 million on 11,000 projects in 130 countries.The focus of attention has changed, too. In the 1980s the WWF became interested in all activities which have an effect on the environment, such as pollution and the way we use energy. The WWF believes that our world has a future only if peole learn to conserve nature and not waster energy. As a result, it started working with governments tointroduce environmental education into schools.The WWF has worked with the Chinese government since 1980, when Dr George shaller arrived to work with Chinese scientists on the panda project. For fifteen years WWF China staff had been based in Switzerland but came to China to monitor the project. Then, in 1995, the organization set up an office in Beijing. Today there are more than thirty staff working on twenty rojects all over the country. They include work in forests, energy, and in environmental education for China’s primary and secondary schools as well as saving the panda, of course.。
外研版高中英语必修5 【超实用】M5 Cultural Corner要点详解
【超实用】M5Cultural Corner要点详解1．rise to one's feet站起身As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few meters of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd rises to the feet to shout and cheer.(教材P49)每当领先的运动员进入体育场来跑那全程42公里的马拉松的最后几米时，全场观众都会站起来向他欢呼喝彩。
Rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.来宾进来时请大家站起来。
He rose to his feet and tapped on the table as if he was going to speak.他站起身轻轻敲打桌子，好像要发言似的。
on foot徒步；步行on one's feet站着；恢复健康jump to one's feet跳起get/rise to one's feet站起来struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来stand on one's own feet自立；独立自主rise to one's full height站直身子He jumped to his feet and ran out of the office.他一下子跳了起来，跑出了办公室。
Then, rising to his full height, he shook off his beggar's rags.接着，他挺身直立，脱去他那乞丐的破衣。
The man struggle to his feet and went on.那个人费劲地站起来，继续往前走。
When one is eighteen years old, he should stand on his own feet.当一个人十八岁的时候，他应该自立了。
外研版高中英语必修5 Module2 Cultural Corner译文中英文对照课件
英汉对照
Growing Jobs What sort of jobs will people be doing ten years from now？According to a survey published by an American university，the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health. They include computer systems analysts，data analysts and database managers. But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. Some of these will be new jobs，such as bioinformaticians，
on adventure holidays. For people doing this job ，common sense，physical fitness and an
outgoing personality are likely to be more
important than computer skills.
例如，需要更多的家庭护理员来照顾快速高龄化 的人口。但是许多年轻人也需要专业护理：1400 万的美国人有语言问题，其中的600万是在18岁以 下。语言病理学家的数量(帮助有语言障碍的人)预 计到2012年将翻一番。而对社会工作者的需求量 仍会很大。
当然也会有许多其他新兴的职业，其中一些 我们很可能猜不出来。但是对于那些喜欢室外生 活的人来说，休闲娱乐业应该是个很好的主意。 随着越来越多的国家开放旅游业，将需要更多的 旅行社，但真正需要的将是那些为旅游团，甚至 为冒险度假的个人做导游的人。对从事这项工作 的人来说，常识、健康的身体和外向的性格将很 可能比计算机技能更重要。
外研版必修五课文及文化角译文
外研版必修五课文及文化角译文IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】外研版必修五R e a d i n g及C u l t u r a l C o r n e r译文Module1Reading译文词,词,词英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同。
首先最明显的是在词汇方面。
有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。
美国人在freeways 上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas；英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。
作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi（英式）或者cab（美式）游览城市。
Chips还是Frenchfries?但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知。
美国人把手电筒称为flashlight,而英国人却叫它torch。
英国人排队用queueup，而美国人说standinline。
有时候，同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。
比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条，在美国却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片---英国人把这种东西称为crisps。
英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为Frenchfries。
Have还是Havegot?在语法上，英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别。
英国人说Haveyougot…然而美国人却愿意说Doyouhave…美国人可能会说Myfriendjustarrived,但是英国人愿意讲Myfriendhasjustarrived。
介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下ontheteam,ontheweekend(美国用法)和intheteam,attheweekend(英国用法)。
英国人用介词的地方美国人有时候可能会省略（I’llseeyouMonday;Writemesoon!）Colour还Color?此外，在两种英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音。
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外研版必修五Reading 及Cultural Corner译文Module 1 Reading译文词,词,词英式英语和美式英语在很多方面都有所不同。
首先最明显的是在词汇方面。
有数以百计个不同的词在大西洋彼岸的另一个英语国家不被使用，或者以一种不同的意思被使用着。
美国人在freeways上驾驶的是automobiles，给车加gas；英国人在motorways上驾驶的是cars，给车加petrol。
作为游人，在伦敦你要乘underground，而在纽约则是subway，或者你愿意乘坐taxi（英式）或者cab（美式）游览城市。
Chips 还是French fries?但是其他词语和表达方式却没有这么广泛地为人所知。
美国人把手电筒称为flashlight, 而英国人却叫它torch。
英国人排队用queue up，而美国人说stand in line。
有时候，同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。
比如chips这个词在英国是热炸的薯条，在美国却指非常薄而且装在纸袋里出售的薯片---英国人把这种东西称为crisps。
英国人知道而且喜欢的薯条在大西洋对岸被称为French fries。
Have 还是Have got ?在语法上，英式英语和美式英语也有一些区别。
英国人说Have you got …? 然而美国人却愿意说 Do you have …? 美国人可能会说My friend just arrived,但是英国人愿意讲My friend has just arrived。
介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下on the team, on the weekend(美国用法)和in the team, at the weekend(英国用法)。
英国人用介词的地方美国人有时候可能会省略（I’ll see you Monday; Write me soon!）Colour还Color?此外，在两种英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音。
美式英语的拼写看上去更简单一些：center, color和program是美式拼法 , centre, colour和 programme 是英式拼法。
自从400年前第一批移民的到来，有很多因素影响了美语发音。
在美国东海岸能够听到跟英式英语非常接近的口音。
当爱尔兰作家萧伯纳讲那句名言---英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族---的时候，他显然想到了它们的区别。
但是这些区别真的如此重要吗？毕竟，两个国家境内的口音差别可能跟两国之间的口音差别一样多。
一个伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话可能比理解一个纽约人更难。
打开电视机很多专家相信这两种语言变体正在越来越接近。
一个多世纪以来，大西洋两岸的交流稳步发展。
自从20世纪80年代以来，随着卫星电视和因特网的使用，非常便捷地听到英式英语和美式英语已经成为可能。
专家们认为，这种不间断的交流使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更容易。
但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语，以至于现在有一些人相信英式英语将要消失。
然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN,你会发现新闻播音员和天气预报员操着不同的口音---美国的，英国的，澳大利亚的，甚至西班牙的。
其中最熟悉的脸孔之一，慕妮塔. 让治派出生于中国香港, 从小到大说的是汉语,一种印度土语和英语。
这种国际性的广泛使用表明，在未来将有很多种英语，不仅仅是两种。
但其实大家不用担心！无论在哪里，英语的使用者们都会彼此理解。
Module 1 Cultural Corner译文让拼写变简单的人在英语中,单词的拼写并不是总能显示出发音。
因此人们在说/rait/时却会拼出right,或write, 甚至是rite。
字母组合（如ough）, 也许会有许多种发音，而有些词似乎有太多的字母。
对美国人来说，事情要简单些，这要感谢诺亚·韦伯斯特的工作，他1778年毕业于耶鲁大学，是一名教师。
年轻时，他在美国独立战争中同英国人进行过战斗，因此他觉得在刚刚独立的美利坚合众国，书面英语应该有独特的“美国”风格。
于是他开始了有关美式英语的工作。
他的第一本书——《初级拼写课本》建议简化英语单词的拼写。
这本书非常流行。
到19世纪50年代，每年都能卖出100万本，这使它成为历史上最流行的学校用书之一。
许多建议很快就被采纳。
center代替了centre，program 代替了programme，而flavor取代了flavour。
但其他的，如去掉不发音的字母，如island中的“s”, 或者examine最后的“ e”却未被采纳。
韦伯斯特以他的《美国英语词典》而著名，这本词典最初于1828年面市。
它引入了大量的新的美国词汇，以及它们的发音和使用信息，当然还有新的拼写。
英国人批评这本词典，但它很快成为美国的标准参考书。
如今，韦氏词典仍然是美国学生最喜欢的词典。
Module 2 Reading译文The human traffic signal（人体交通标志）位于海拔3500米的玻利维亚的首都拉巴斯是世界上最高的首都。
在海拔高的地区生活是艰苦的而且高山会使地区的交通变得困难。
许多道路的情况都非常的差而且时常发生事故。
事实上，从拉巴斯通向北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。
在路的一边耸立着陡峭的高山，在路的另一边会有一个陡峭的悬崖，有的地方有几百米深。
尽管这里没有太多的交通，平均每两个周就会有一辆车冲出道路掉进悬崖。
这个悬崖落差是非常大的，在掉下去的车里任何一个乘客能活下来都是非常不容易的。
理论上说，这条路从早上八点钟开始只允许上山的车通行，而下午三点以后只允许下山的车通行。
但是事实上，几乎很少有司机遵守这些规定。
但是幸亏一个人，这条路上的伤亡人数已经下降了。
一个46岁的温和的名叫铁穆特欧.安迫塞的老人住在距离这条路最危险路段的一个村庄里，这段路通常被人们称为“魔鬼弯路”。
铁穆特欧有一个不寻常的工作----人体交通标志。
每天早晨他手里都拿着一个大的圆的板爬上弯道。
这个板一面是红色的另一面是绿色的。
铁穆特欧在站在转弯处指挥交通。
当两辆车相对开来时他们彼此是看不到的，但都可以看到铁穆特欧。
铁穆特欧是志愿者。
没有人要他去做这项工作也没有人付钱给他。
有时，司机会给他一些小费，以便让他有足够的钱来维持生活。
但是在通常情况下司机们会开着车过去，把人体交通标志看作是理所当然的事了。
但是他为什么要这样做呢？在他自愿去指挥交通之前，铁穆特欧做过很多工作。
他曾经当过矿工和士兵。
当他做卡车司机的时候，有一次他和死神意外亲密相遇。
当他开着装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候，他连人带车都掉进300米深的山崖下面。
不知什么原因他幸 11 存了下来。
他在医院里住了好几个月。
几年后的一个夜里，他被叫起来帮助拉出在“魔鬼弯道”里坠毁的公共汽车里的人。
最后的这次经历给铁穆特欧有了深刻的影响。
他认识到他很幸运的活了下来并且感觉到它的使命是去帮助他人。
于是无论从早到晚还是从黎明到黄昏，一周又一周，铁穆特欧都会来到这条路的弯道处站好他的位置，指挥交通。
Module 2 Cultural Corner 译文。
Growing Jobs 发展中的职业未来十年人们会做什么类型的工作? 根据美国一所大学发表的一份调查报告表明, 增长速度最快的十种职业将与电脑和健康有关。
这些职业包括计算机系统分析员、数据分析员及数据库管理员。
但是,对卫生保健专业人员的需求也会上升。
其中的一些将会成为新的职业，诸如把计算机技能与生物知识结合起来的生物信息学者。
其他职业会更加传统。
将需要更多的家庭护理人员来照顾快速增长的老龄人口。
但还有许多青少年也需要得到专业的照顾。
1400万美国人患有语言或表达障碍，而且其中的600万年龄在18岁以下。
预计到2012年时，语言病理学家的数量将会翻番。
而对社会工作者的需求量仍会很大。
当然会有大量的新职业，其中一些甚至很可能是我们想像不到的职业。
但是，对于那些户外生活爱好者来说，娱乐行业可能是一种不错的选择。
随着越来越多的国家开放旅游业，将需要更多的旅行社。
然而真正需要的将是带领旅行团及个人进行冒险度假的导游。
对于做这种职业的人们来说，常识、身体健康及开朗的性格可能比计算机技能更加重要。
Module 3 Reading译文汽船后半夜来了一场暴风雨，大雨倾盆而下。
我们躲进了自己搭起来的避雨棚，让木伐顺流而下。
突然间，借着闪电的光亮，我们看到河中间有东西。
一开始它看上去像座房子，但后来我们意识到那是艘蒸汽船，它触碓了，一半沉在水里，一半露在水面上。
我们的木伐正朝着它驶去。
“看起来它快沉了，”过了一会儿，吉姆说。
“我们去看看怎么回事。
”我接着说。
“我可不想上一艘快要沉的船。
”吉姆不同意，但当我提出我们可以在上面找到一些有用的东西时，他还是同意了。
于是我们划了过去，蹑手蹑脚地，像耗子一样悄无声息地爬上了汽船。
令我们大吃一惊的是，有间船舱里还亮着一盏灯。
接着我们听到人的嚎叫声，“哦，哥们儿，请别杀我！我跟谁也不会说的！”一个男人生气的声音回应道：“你在撒谎，上次你也是这么说的。
我们要杀了你！”吉姆听到这些后，恐惧万分，向木伐跑去。
而我尽管害怕，但又感到十分好奇，于是就把头凑向了那扇门。
船舱里面很黑，但我能看见一个人，躺在地板上，被绳子捆着。
有两个人围着他站着。
其中一个是矮个，留着络腮胡子；另外一个是高个，手里拿着什么东西，看起来像是把枪。
“我受够你了！我现在就要毙了你。
”那个高个说道。
显然他就是刚才威胁躺在地上的人的那个人。
握在他手中的确实是把枪。
“不，别这么干。
”那个矮个说，“我们把他扔在这儿。
这船过几小时就沉了，他也就跟船一起沉了。
”听到这话后，那个在地上已经被吓傻的人开始嚎哭。
“听起来他就要吓死了，”我想，“我得设法去救他。
”我沿着甲板爬行，找到了吉姆，并告诉他我所看到的一切。
我说：“我们必须找到他们的船并弄走它，然后他们就不得不呆在这儿了。
”吉姆看上去很害怕，他说，“我不想呆在这儿。
”但我说服他帮我的忙，然后找到了他们拴在汽船另一边的小船，我们悄悄地爬上了小船。
就在我们划着小船离开那艘要沉的汽船时，我们听到了那两个人的吼叫声。
而那时我们已经离他们有段安全的距离了。
但现在我开始后悔这么做了——我不想让那三个人都死掉。
Module 3 Cultural Corner 译文马克·吐温的一生作家的生活经历常常和他们所创造的角色的生活经历相类似。
马克·吐温这位创作了《哈克贝利·芬历险记》和《汤姆·索亚历险记》的作家也毫不例外。
首先，作家的名字——马克·吐温本身就是一个创造，或叫“笔名”。
马克·吐温的原名叫萨缪乐·克莱门斯。
“马克·吐温”的意思是“水深两浔”，是密西西比河上水手使用的叫法，用来警告船员即将进入浅水区。