中英文写作的不同1【精选】共61页文档

中英文写作的异同

life and squeeze from it the
后已。这病使她多么羡慕人家的健
last drop of happiness.It made her envy health,bt it also made her sentimental
康，也使她多愁善感，见一叶飘零，
V S 随风入室，使愁绪满怀，无以自解。
VS
汉语轻时体
英文特有的符号
（1）单引号（‘）（2）连字号（-）（3）斜线号（/）该符号主要起分割作用，如It could be for staff and/or students.
中文特有的符号
标点符号
VS
（1）中文的句号是空心圈（。），英文的句号是小点. (2)英文的省略号是三个点（...），位置在行底；中文的为六个点（.......）,居于行中。（3）英文的破折号是（-)，中文的是（—）。
英文写作：竹节句法
中文写作:流水句法
语言学家用“竹节句法“来比喻英语句句型结构汉语句子则被喻为“流水句法”，所谓的
子，即英语句子是由断不可缺的各种连
流水指少用乃至不用连接词仍行文流畅。
接词衔接而成，宛如节节相连的竹子。
汉语重意和，如果没有连接词，只从句子
英语重形和，英语句子如果缺少连接词
本身的意思就可以把概念关系表达清楚。
V
S
中文写作强调婉转、含蓄的表达。曲线思维：在表达思想时，从侧面说明、阐述外围的环境，最后点出话语的信息中心。 B. As you know, I am now a college student at H University. I am enjoying my classes very much but I have a problem and I was wondering if you could help me.

中英文写作的区别英语作文

中英文写作的区别英语作文It is important to understand the differences between writing in English and Chinese. Writing in English often prioritizes clarity and directness, while Chinese writing may lean more towards symbolism and indirect expression. In English, writers tend to use more explicit and straightforward language, while in Chinese, writers often incorporate traditional idioms and idiomatic expressions to convey deeper meanings.理解中英文写作的区别是很重要的。

英语写作往往更注重清晰和直接，而中文写作可能更倾向于象征性和间接的表达。

在英语中，写作者倾向于使用更明确和直接的语言，而在中文中，写作者通常会结合传统成语和习语来传达更深层的含义。

One major difference between English and Chinese writing is the use of characters. In Chinese, characters are logograms, which means that one character can represent a whole word or an idea. This allows for a more compact form of writing, as each character carries a significant amount of meaning. In contrast, English uses an alphabet system, which requires the combination of letters to form words andconvey meaning. This fundamental difference in writing systems directly affects the structure and expression of written language in both English and Chinese.中英文写作的一个主要区别在于使用字符的方式。

英语作文范文-英语写作中的英汉表达差异

英语作文范文英语写作中的英汉表达差异一、首先，让我们关注一下英美人与中国人思维方式的不同。

英美人的思维方式是直线式的，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）的原则。

请看短文：Soccer is a difficult sport．（1）A player must be able to run steadily without rest．（2）Sometimes a player must hit the ball with his or her head．（3）Players must be willing to bang into and be banged into by others．（4） They must put up with aching feet and sore muscles．上面的这则短文中，主题句（main idea sentence）也就是文章的中心是第一句，（1）（2）（3）（4）句是用来说明主题句的。

而在汉语中，我们习惯于先分后总，先说原因后说结果，即所谓的“前因后果”，如果要表达相同的意思，我们通常这样说：足球运动员必须能不停地奔跑，有时得用头顶球，撞别人或被别人撞，必须忍受双脚和肌肉的疼痛，所以说，足球运动是一项难度大的运动。

再比如写下面一则便条，因你母亲突然生病，周末你不能和汤姆去跳舞了，你找了舞跳得很好的时黛来代替你，并表示抱歉。

此英语便条为：July 6，2002Dear Tom，I am sorry to inform you that I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend． My mother is suddenly takenill．In order not to disappoint you，I have asked Shi Dai to take my place．She is a better dancer，I think．My regrets．Joe从便条中可以看出，英语表达先“果”—I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend后“因”—my mother is suddenly taken ill，即所谓的“先果后因”。

中英文写作的区别英语作文

中英文写作的区别英语作文In the grand tapestry of language, the art of writing in English and Chinese is like two distinct threads, each weaving a unique pattern of expression. Let's dive into the colorful world of linguistics and explore the differences between these two fascinating writing styles.First up, the structure. English writing is like a well-organized party where everyone knows their place. It follows a linear, subject-verb-object order, where the host (subject) invites the guests (verb) to do something (object). It's like a polite introduction at a cocktail party: "I am the subject, I do the verb, and here's the object."On the other hand, Chinese writing is like a bustling marketplace, with vendors shouting out their wares in any order that makes sense to them. It's a bit more flexible, with a subject-verb-object order that can be as fluid as a river, bending and twisting to convey meaning in the most efficient way possible.Now, let's talk about characters. English is like a painter with a limited palette, using 26 letters to create an infinite variety of words. It's like a chef with a few ingredients, mixing and matching to create a culinary masterpiece.Chinese, however, is like a painter with an unlimitedpalette, with thousands of characters, each a work of art in itself. It's like a chef with a vast array of ingredients, each with its own flavor and texture, creating a symphony of tastes.When it comes to humor, English writing is like a stand-up comedian with a set routine, relying on puns, wordplay,and timing. It's like a well-rehearsed dance, where everystep is carefully choreographed for maximum effect.Chinese humor, on the other hand, is like an improvisational comedian, using the flexibility of the language to create jokes on the fly. It's like a jazz musician, playing off the rhythms and melodies of thelanguage to create something spontaneous and delightful.In terms of professionalism, English writing is like asuit-clad businessman, precise and to the point. It's like a well-tailored suit, fitting the context perfectly and leaving no room for ambiguity.Chinese writing, in contrast, is like a master calligrapher, with every stroke and line conveying a sense of elegance and sophistication. It's like a finely crafted piece of art, where every detail is carefully considered and executed.In conclusion, while both English and Chinese writing share the common goal of communication, they each bring their own unique flavor to the table. English is like a hearty meal, filling and satisfying, while Chinese is like a delicatedessert, sweet and satisfying. Both are essential to the rich feast of global literature. So, whether you're a fan of the linear and structured English prose or the fluid and expressive Chinese characters, there's something for everyone in the world of writing.。

英语写作技巧中英文书面表达方式之间的差异

英语写作技巧：中英文书面表达方式之间的差异一、主语的几种表达格式。

1.他们能够保存自己历史的途径就是,由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。

Ｔhe ｏnｌy wａy thａt thｅy can preserve ｔheir ｈisｔorｙｉs ｔo recｏｕnt it aｓsａgａｓ--legenｄs haｎｄｅd down ｆｒom onｅgeｎeraｔion of ｓtory-tellers tｏａnｏther.写作法则提炼：中文表达“他们能够保存自己历史的途径”；英文表达“途径that他们能够保存自己的历史"，完全转换“Thｅｏnｌy waｙthat t ｈｅy ｃan preｓｅrveｔheir hｉstoｒｙ”.2．弗吉尼亚．伍尔夫（VirｇiａＷooｌf)她写作《黛洛维夫人》（Mｒｓ。

Ｄallｏwaｙ）意图的具有争议性的陈述通常被评论家们所忽略了，因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面，而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”家（etｉc nｏvｅlist）所的传统见解大相径庭.所谓的“诗性"家，所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态,并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径.ＶirgiaＷoolf’ｓｐrｏｖｏcative sｔatemeｎt ａbｏuｔhｅr intentions in writｉnｇMrs．Dalloｗay hａs rｅｇulaｒly ｂeen igｎorｅd by the critics,since it ｈighliｇｈts an aspｅｃt oｆhｅr liｔerarｙ interｅstsｖeｒy diｆferenｔfrｏm the traｄｉｔioｎａl picｔure of tｈｅ”etic”ｎoveｌist coｎcernｅd wｉth examinｇ staｔesｏｆｒｅverｉｅａnｄvｉsioｎand with foｌlｏwiｎｇtｈｅintrｉcａtｅpａthways oｆindividｕaｌｃonscｉousnｅｓs。

中英写作的区别Differences_between_English_Writing_and_Chinese_Writing

East China ► 华南 South China ► 钢铁 iron and steel ► 轻重 heavy and light ► 左右 right and left ► 新旧 old and new ► 工农业 agriculture and industry ► 中小型 small and medium sizes ► 新郎新娘 bride and bridegroom ► 手疾眼快 quick eye and deft hand
句, 那個是子句, 英文則需要區分主句及子句. ► After my brother had left college, he went abroad to the States. ► If John had the chance to do the work, he would do it another way. ► 主要名詞 (my brother) 與代名詞 (he) 應分別置於主句與从句.
1.10 on the phone Mary told me the news on phone. ► √ Mary told me the news on the phone. ► 1.11 piano ► A pianist is one who plays piano. ► √ A pianist is one who plays the piano. ► 1.12 Unite States ► Have you ever been to Unite States? ► √ Have you ever been to the Unite States? (the Netherlands, the Philippines) ► Incorrect insertion ► 1.13 after breakfast ► Where will you go after the breakfast? ► √ Where will you go after breakfast? ► 1.14 arms ► The people took up the arms against the tyrant. ► √ The people took up arms against the tyrant.

中英写作差异英语作文

中英写作差异深度解析In the realm of writing, Chinese and English languages present distinct characteristics that impact the waywriters approach their craft. These differences are profound and range from the fundamental structure of sentences to the cultural nuances embedded within the language. Understanding these disparities is crucial for writers who strive to communicate effectively across cultures.The first significant difference lies in sentence structure. Chinese sentences tend to be more flexible and flowery, often lacking a clear subject or predicate. Instead, Chinese sentences rely on context and word order to convey meaning. By contrast, English sentences are more rigid, adhering to a strict subject-verb-object structure. This difference affects how writers approach sentence construction, with Chinese writers often employing parallel structures and repetition to emphasize certain points, while English writers rely more on grammar and punctuation to clarify meaning.Another key difference lies in the use of parallelism and coordination. Chinese writing often employs parallel structures, with phrases and clauses arranged in parallel to emphasize their equality and importance. This approach creates a rhythmic and harmonious flow, reflecting the balance and harmony valued in Chinese culture. In contrast, English writing tends to favor coordination, using coordinating conjunctions to link ideas together. This approach allows for more complexity and variety in sentence structure, reflecting the emphasis on logic and clarity in English language writing.The use of personal pronouns also differs between the two languages. Chinese writing tends to avoid the explicit use of personal pronouns, preferring instead to rely on context and implied meaning. This approach reflects the collectivistic nature of Chinese culture, where individuals often subordinate their own needs and identities to the group. By contrast, English writing makes frequent use of personal pronouns, reflecting the individualistic nature of Western culture and the importance of expressing individual thoughts and feelings.Finally, the tone and style of writing vary between Chinese and English. Chinese writing tends to be more implicit and indirect, relying on metaphor, simile, and allusion to convey meaning. This approach reflects the value placed on harmony and politeness in Chinese culture, where directness can be considered rude or intrusive. By contrast, English writing tends to be more direct and explicit, with a focus on clarity and precision. This approach reflects the emphasis on logic and objectivity in Western culture and the value placed on direct communication.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese and English writing are profound and reflect the distinct cultural values and traditions of each language. Understanding these disparities is essential for writers who wish to communicate effectively across cultures. By appreciating the unique characteristics of each language and adapting their writing style accordingly, writers can ensure that their message is accurately and effectively conveyed to a global audience.**中英写作差异深度解析**在写作领域，中文和英文两种语言呈现出截然不同的特点，影响着作家们的创作方式。

中英文写作异同

中英文写作异同摘要：英语写作对于英语专业的学生来说无疑是个难点与挑战，也是英语学习的重要课程。

很多中国学生用中文写作的惯性思想来写英语文章，但中英文的写作在很大程度上着不同，如思维方式、句型结构等。

这篇文章将用一些实际例子阐述和分析中英写作的主要区别并举出一些实际例子，让学生从异同中更好的把握英文写作的要点。

关键词：线性思维形合意合重心对于大多数刚入学的大学英语专业学生而言，英语专业的系统学习是复杂且非常细化的。

英语专业大概细分为精读、泛读、听力、写作等，这些主修课对英语的基本功有相当严格的要求。

特别是写作，写作：即写和作。

在一张空白纸上按照一定的格式和要求勾画出自己的思想。

而中文和英文的写作有相对的异和同。

在这里，我们简要的介绍一下中英文写作的一些相同点与不同点，从而更快捷的入门和有效的提高英语写作的技巧。

首先，中英文写作的最大不同就是宏观上文化差异造成的思维方式的不同，英语的惯性思维是线性思维，也就是直线思维，在谋篇和遣词造句上遵循着从一般到具体、从概括到举例、从整体到个体的原则，而中文写作文化强调婉转、含蓄的表达，即曲线思维，在表达思想时,汉民族习惯从侧面说明、阐述外围的环境,最后点出话语的信息中心。

举个例子，下面有两个句子：A. Now I’m a college student. College life is quite different from middle school. It’s new for me. I’m trying to adjust myself to the new life.B. As you know, I am now a college student at H University. I am enjoying my classes very much but I have a problem and I was wondering if you could help me.两个句子表达的意思是相同的，句A，一目了然是用中文的思维写出的句子，如果用中文写出并无差错，但是如果直接用中文思维表达出来的句子就会感觉全是断句显得形散而神散；而B句是用英文的思维表达出来的，句子用了“As you know”，“but”等连接词，让句子连贯成一条线，清晰直接的表达了想法。

中英文差异英语作文

中英文差异英语作文The Differences Between Chinese and English Writing。

中英文差异英语作文。

As we all know, Chinese and English are two of the most widely spoken languages in the world. However, there are many differences between the two when it comes to writing. In this essay, we will explore some of the key differences between Chinese and English writing.首先，中文和英文在书写方式上有很大的不同。

中文是一种象形文字，每个汉字都代表一个词汇或概念。

而英文则是一种音标文字，由26个字母组成，每个字母代表一个音素。

因此，学习者需要掌握不同的书写技巧和规则。

Firstly, there are significant differences in the way Chinese and English are written. Chinese is a logographic language, with each character representing a word or concept, while English is an alphabetic language, comprisedof 26 letters, each representing a phoneme. As a result, learners need to master different writing techniques and rules.其次，中文和英文在语法结构上也有很大的不同。

中文的语法结构相对简单，主谓宾的句子结构是最常见的。

中英文写作的不同1

• 道家思想崇尚自然，反对对自然的干预，追求对自然本性的顺从。 “道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物，万物归于道”， “人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。”
• 儒家文化亦讲求“天人之际，合二为一”，中国文化的最高境界也是讲求“天人合一”，达到人与自然的和谐相处。
• 中国古代思想家对自然始终抱有一种神秘感，很少提认识自然、改造自然。
（二）悟性直觉与理性逻辑
• 林语堂认为：“中国人的头脑羞于抽象的词藻，喜欢妇女的语言。中国人的思维方式是综合的、具体的。”“中国人在很大程度上依靠直觉去揭开自然界之谜”。
• 中国传统思维重视经验悟性直觉思维，西方传统思维重视理性逻辑思维。
（三）有机性与机械性
• 中西方思维方式的另一重要区别是，中国传统思维注重整体，有机性、辩证性突出，而西方传统思维注重具体，机械性、形而上学明显。
2020/1/4
中英文写作差异之干：现象比较
——从技术角度具体分析中英文写作的差异
1.语篇结构 2.语言风格 3.篇章主题
2020/1/4
语篇结构
• 篇章的组织方式反映了人的思维模式，英语的段落模式与汉语的段落模式有很大的不同。
1.英语篇章的组织和发展是“直线型”，即直截了当地陈述主题，进行论述；
（五）义利观念、法制观念的差异
• 在中国，由于受儒家思想的影响，人们重义轻利，而且也有轻法制的倾向。
• 西方国家，人们法制意识比较强。
（六）女士优先和男尊女卑
• 在欧美等西方国家，尊重妇女是其传统风俗，女士优先是西方国家交际中的原则之一。
• 在中国，由于受封建礼制男尊女卑观念的影响，男性往往倍受尊重。
• 一个社会群落的基本价值观念一旦形成，就会牢牢扎根于人们的心中，坚若盘石，挥之不去，而且代代相传。

中英文表达上的差异范文

中英文表达上的差异一、思维方式的文化差异英汉文化差异在思维方式中也有明显地反映。

英语文化注重细节分析和对个体成分独立作用。

因而，英语句子注重形式联系，注重结构的完整形式和逻辑性。

汉语的思维方式是和中国人在哲学上注重体验、感悟密切相关，在艺术上主张神似密不可分的。

汉语句法不受形态成分的约束，词语的组合非常灵活，不拘于形式，注重意合。

英汉在思维方式的方面差异也反映在英语与汉语的篇章结构中。

英美人写文章一般都直截了当、开门见山。

英语段落也呈线性式，或者是直线式发展的，一般都有主题章节、段落或主题句，先提出论点，然后对一些支持性的材料进行阐述说明。

汉语就有所不同，汉语文章的段落思维方式一般是螺旋型的，围绕着主题由远到近、由表及里地来进行论述，表现出汉语说话委婉、含蓄的思维特点。

曾经有调查表明英汉间的思维差异。

在200个中国人提出的请求中有129个先说明请求理由，后提出请求事项，而在200个英国人提出的请求中，有131人先提出请求事项，再说明理由。

在时间概念上，中国人和英美人在思维方式上有着明显的不同。

守时是英美人最重要的行为规范之一。

在赴宴时，英美人一般是准时到达。

而我们中国人则认为提前几分钟更礼貌。

故事：是“这星期六”还是“下星期六”一次，一个外国学生拜访他的中国老师，老师想请他吃饭，就说：“你下星期六来我家吃饭，好吗？”学生很高兴地接受了邀请，并约好了具体时间。

过了两天，到了星期六，学生来了。

老师感到很意外。

由于毫无准备，老师很尴尬。

幸好跟这个学生很熟，于是就说：“前天我说的是下星期六请你。

你看，今天我什么也没准备……”学生说：“前天你说下星期六请我吃饭，不就是今天吗？”这场误会完全是对“下星期六”的不同理解造成的。

在不少教材中和课堂上，给学生讲“上星期”就是“last week”，“这星期”就是“this week”，“下星期”就是“next week”。

这样讲不能说错，但在实际运用中，如“上星期六”和“下星期六”与英语的“last Saturday”“next Saturday”有时却不是对应的，其区别是英语和汉语观察时间的参照点不同。

中英文差异英语作文

中英文差异英语作文I woke up this morning feeling so tired, like I hadn't slept at all. I mean, I hit the hay early last night, but for some reason, I just couldn't get a good night's sleep. It's so frustrating, you know? I feel like I need a nap already, and the day has barely even started.So, I drag myself out of bed and head to the kitchen to make some coffee. I don't know about you, but I can't function without my morning cup of joe. It's like my lifeline, my fuel for the day. I take a sip, and instantly, I feel a little more alive. Thank goodness for coffee, am I right?As I'm getting ready for the day, I can't help but notice how gloomy it is outside. I mean, where did the sun go? It's like the weather knew I was already feeling tired and decided to match my mood. Great, just what I needed –a dreary day to go along with my lack of sleep.I finally make it out the door and head to work. The traffic is a nightmare, as usual. I swear, it feels like I spend half my life sitting in my car, just inching along. I really need to find a new route or something, because this is just not cutting it anymore.Work itself is a whole other story. It's like everyone decided to be extra chatty today, and I'm just not in the mood for small talk. I'm trying to focus on my tasks, butit's like a constant stream of interruptions. Can't a person just get some peace and quiet around here?Finally, the day is over, and I can go home. I'm so ready to just crash on the couch and do absolutely nothing. Maybe I'll order takeout for dinner – I definitely don't have the energy to cook. And then, hopefully, I can get a decent night's sleep tonight. Fingers crossed, right?。

中英文异同英语作文

中英文异同英语作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!English and Chinese are very different. In English,there are a lot of tenses and grammar rules to follow. Butin Chinese, it seems more flexible.Another thing is that the pronunciation of English is quite different from that of Chinese. English has various sounds that we don't have in Chinese.Also, the way of expressing ideas in English and Chinese can be different. Sometimes it's hard to directly translate from one language to the other.However, both languages have their own beauty and charm. We can learn a lot from both of them.。

中英文写作的不同1【精选】PPT共61页

中英文写作的不同1【精选】
31、别人笑我太疯癫，我笑他人看不穿。(名言网) 32、我不想听失意者的哭泣，抱怨者的牢骚，这是羊群中的瘟疫，我不能被它传染。我要尽量避免绝望，辛勤耕耘，忍受苦楚。我一试再试，争取每天的成功，避免以失败收常在别人停滞不前时，我继，否则就不是奢侈。——CocoCha nel 62、少而好学，如日出之阳；壮而好学，如日中之光；志而好学，如炳烛之光。 ——刘向 63、三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。 ——孔丘 64、人生就是学校。在那里，与其说好的教师是幸福，不如说好的教师是不幸。 ——海贝尔 65、接受挑战，就可以享受胜利的喜悦。——杰纳勒尔·乔治·S·巴顿
33、如果惧怕前面跌宕的山岩，生命就永远只能是死水一潭。 34、当你眼泪忍不住要流出来的时候，睁大眼睛，千万别眨眼!你会看到世界由清晰变模糊的全过程，心会在你泪水落下的那一刻变得清澈明晰。盐。注定要融化的，也许是用眼泪的方式。
35、不要以为自己成功一次就可以了，也不要以为过去的光荣可以被永远肯定。

英语写作与汉语写作的重要区别

英语写作与汉语写作的重要区别一、英语重结构，汉语重语义我国着名语言学家王力先生曾经说过：“就句子的结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。

”(《中国语法理论》，《王力文集》第一卷，第35页，山东教育出版社，1984年)我们看一看下面的例子：Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt (成为固定装置的，嵌入墙内的；内在的，固有的)personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television and digital age will have arrived译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视前休闲，到这时数字时代就来到了。

这句英语是由四个独立句构成的并列句，前三个句子都用简单将来时，最后一个句子用的是将来完成时，句子之间的关系通过时态、逗号和并列连词and表示得一清二楚。

而汉语译文明显就是简单的叙述，至于句子之间的关系完全通过句子的语义表现出来：前三个句子可以看成是并列关系，最后一个句子则表示结果。

二、英语多长句，汉语多短句由于英语是"法治"的语言，只要结构上没有出现错误，许多意思往往可以放在一个长句中表达；汉语则正好相反，由于是"人治"，语义通过字词直接表达，不同的意思往往通过不同的短句表达出来。

正是由于这个原因，考研英译汉试题几乎百分之百都是长而复杂的句子，而翻译成中文经常就成了许多短小的句子。

例如：Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline (身心的锻炼，训练；纪律，风纪，命令服从；惩戒，惩罚；学科，科目)and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves。

英语写作与汉语写作的区别

译文文：总的来说，得出这样一一个结论是有一一定程度把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子子对测试的态度和与他相比比的另一一个孩子子的态度相同；他也没有因缺乏别的孩子子已掌握的有关知识而而被扣分。原文文中两个only if引导的从句句显然使整个句句子子变得很复杂，可是由于有并列列连词but和and，整句句话的逻辑关系十十分清楚：„能够得出结论„但是只要„而而且只要„。从上面面的译文文我们可以看出，为了了使中文文表达更更加清楚，but only if...and only if.。。首首先提纲挈领：但是必须具备两个条件„„，这种做法给我们的感觉是译文文中没有从句句，有的只是一一些不不同的分句句。
二二）语法、标点法及句句子子结构方方面面在书面面语中，作者除了了要表达清楚意思之外，更更要注意把握文文章的整体结构和每一一个句句子子的语法。如果一一个人人在一一篇文文章中使用用了了错误的语法，就等于这篇文文章彻底失败.口口语与书面面语在文文法组织上是不不同的。口口语可不不必跟随文文法(grammar)，只要听讲双方方达到有效的沟通就可以，因听者有疑问，可即时向讲者发问，而而讲者可从听者的身体语言言和神态，知道对方方的反应。书面面语则不不同，因读者在远方方或不不知名，故文文法和句句子子组织要求严格，以免误传讯息。英语口口语的句句子子结构(sentence structure) 是简短和可以较为松散，而而书面面语则可⻓长可短，句句子子组织和结构可繁可简，但必定是严紧的。英文文商业书信的句句子子偏向精简，而而法律律、新闻等文文章则较⻓长而而复杂，因⻓长句句能有效地表达更更多内容和资讯。下列列是英文文口口语最常用用的十十个动词。 bring, come, do, get, give, go, make, put, run, take这十十个动词是多义词，试查看看，每个动词的解释占去字典起码两个篇幅。多看英语电影的对白白，便便发觉以上的动词，在对话中出现次数频密，故多用用简单的英语词汇。此外，英文文口口语常用用片片语动词(phrasal verbs)。片片语动词是由动词(verb)加介语(preposition) 或动词(verb) 加副词质词(adverbial particle) 组合而而成。如 bring, come, do, get, give, go, make, put, run,take, turn, throw, tear, stand, send, help 等。 Put (verb) + up with (preposition/adverbial particle) 忍受give in 投降show off 炫耀英语口口语常以片片语动词代替与其同义的单个动词。例例如：put up with(口口语) , tolerate (书面面语)忍受 give in (口口语) , surrender(书面面语)投降piling up (口口语), accumulate(书面面语) 累积come in (口口语), enter (书面面语) 进来blow up (口口语), explode (书面面语)爆炸我们叫人人进来只会说come in，而而绝不不会说enter。