倒装和省略

倒装句

1.全部倒装：

1)副词here, there, now, then ,in, out ,away, up , down, off, back, over等置于句首时，且主语是名词时。Here are some picture-books. Out rushed the boy, crying .

注意代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。A way he went .

2) 作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时。

Present at the meeting were some important figures. Sitting in front of the house was a little girl. Seated in front of the house was a little girl.

Among the goods are Chinese trees, flowers, candles and toys.

3) 表地点的介词短语置于句首，全倒装. In front of the building stands a big tree .

2．部分倒装：

1)否定词置于句首，部分倒装。

a) never, hardly, seldom, little, few , nowhere等表否定或半否定意义的词置于句首时.

Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.

b）常使用部分倒装的否定词在句首的特殊句型。

①Not only…but (also)… 并列两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，而后一个分句不倒装。

Not only does he like playing the piano, but also he likes playing football.

②Neither…nor… 引导两个并列分句时，两个分句都要倒装。

Neither does he like playing the piano, nor does he like playing football.

③Hardly( Scarcely /Barely)…when…和No sooner… than… ，意义为“一…就…”。

Hardly had he finished his work when he went out.

No sooner had he finished his work than he went out .

④Not …until… 从句或短语在句首时，后面主句用部分倒装结构，而从句不倒装。

Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.

2) “So + 形容词/副词+ that ”和“Such +名词+ that”句型，意为“如此…以至于…”.

当So + 形容词/副词, Such +名词位于句首时，主句部分倒装，但从句不倒装。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

3）当副词only+状语置于句首时，主句部分倒装。(注意：only +主语，则不用倒装) Only then did I realize the importance of study. （Only he knows it .）

4）so /neither/nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语“…也是如此/…也不这样”。

They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.

注意：so + 主语+ 谓语“的确如此”It is hot today . ----So it is. 的确如此。

5）as 引导的让步状语从句中，通常把从句中的表语，状语甚至谓语动词的一部分置于句首。Y oung as he is, he knows much. Try as he might, he failed again.

Beggar as he is, he looks very proud. Hard as he worked , he didn’t succeed .

注意：although 引导的让步状语从句不倒装；though 引导的可以倒装也可以不倒装。

6)在虚拟条件句中,从句中有were, should 或had,可省略if, 把were, should 或had 置于句首。Should it snow tomorrow, I would take photos. Were I you , I would study hard .

Had he taken her advice , he would not have failed .

7)在某些表示祝愿的句子里用部分倒装。May God bless you ! May you succeed ! Practice:

1. _____the plane.

A. Down flying

B. Down was flying

C. Down flew

D. Flew down

2. Under a big tree ____, half asleep.

A. did sat a fat man

B. a fat man sat

C. did a fat man sat

D. sat a fat man

3.She plays the piano very well. ______.

A. So every one of us does

B. Every one of us does

C. So does every one of us

D. So do every one of us

4. Never _____such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.

A. are having seen

B. had I seen

C. I have seen

D. have I seen

5. Not only ____a promise, but also he kept it.

A. has he made

B. does he make

C. he made

D. did he make

6. Not until he got off the bus _____that he had got his wallet stolen.

A. he found

B. did he find

C. he had found

D. had he found

7.Only in this way _____progress in your English.

A. you make

B. can you make

C. you be able to make

D. will you able to make

8. _____and caught the mouse.

A. Up the cat jumped

B.The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D. Jumped up the cat

9. ------Where is your father? -------Oh,_______.

A. here he comes

B. he here comes

C. here does he come

D. here comes he

10.____in which they had came to the island.

A. Nearby were two canoes

B. Nearby two canoes were

C. Were two canoes nearby

D. Two canoes nearby were

11. The door opened and there ____.

A. enters an old man

B. entered an old man

C. did an old man enter

D. an old man entered

12. ______ a letter for you. A. There are B. Is here C. Here is D. Is there

13. Was it not ___ you arrived at his house __ you discovered that he was on holiday?

A.when; that

B. until; did

C. until; that

D. when; did

14. Now and then ___ up to see what happened.

A. did he wake

B. he wake

C. he wakes

D. he did wake

15. She is not fond of cooking,____ I.

A. so am

B. nor am

C. neither do I

D. nor do

16. Early in the morning __ the news ____ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team.

A comes; what B. came; that C comes; that D came; what

17. At the foot of the mountain_____.

A. lie a beautiful lake

B. does a beautiful lake lie

C. lies a beautiful lake

D. do a beautiful lake lie

18. At no time ___ his personal interest first.

A. should a communist place

B. a communist should place