郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测
2019届河南省郑州市高三上学期第一次质量预测英语试题 扫描版
2019 年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语参考答案一、选择题（1-60 ）：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.C8.B9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.A19.C 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.A24.C 25.D 26.B 27.A28.A29.D 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A36.A37.G 38.F 39.B 40.D 41.D 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.A 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.C 53.D 54.C 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.A59.D 60.C二、语言知识运用第二节（61-70 ）：61. successfully 62. allows 63. led 64. global 65. planned 66. agreement 67. where 68. to develop69.it 70. for三、短文改错：This summer, I visited Hangzhou, and this journey had impressed me deeply.71 had 去掉Being a capital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou lies in the southeast of China. There are a 72. thelot of place of interest. Among them the West Lake is the best-known attraction, where water 73. placesseem to melt into the sky by the distance. Besides, there are several museums locating in 74. seems 75. in/at 76. locatedHangzhou that show its unique culture. What’s more, you can enjoy many kinds of deliciously 77. deliciouslocal food such as West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce and Dongpo Pork. The people there are friendly and kind, but they are working hard ∧ make the city more beautiful.78. and 79. toWhat attractive and inviting Hangzhou is!80. How四、书面表达：One possible version:Dear Robert,I’m sorry to hear you have some trouble getting along with your friends. Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you’d better find out what got you into such a mess, and then turn to your teachers orparents for advice. Secondly, why not open your mind to communicate with your friends frankly? Itshows you really cherish the friendship between you and value their viewpoints. Besides, in your dailylife, it’s wise to be ready to help your friends and people around you. In this way, you can not only winback your old friends but also make some new ones.I hope my suggestions ca n make a difference. I’ll continue to offer help if you need. Sincerely yours,Li Hua。
河南省郑州市2019届高三第一次质量预测英语试卷
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语试题卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AA month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly,there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off.cut them !”“What are you doing, Mom?” my daughter cried. “Your nails look great! Don’ｔ“But they’re ruined,” I said, waving the broken one in her face.“They’re not ruined,” she said. “You still have nine nails left!”anymore, andI hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand. My nails certainly weren’t perfectthink about most things: It’s all or the opposite of “perfect” is “ruined”, right? I mean, this is how Inothing. Take my finances for example.I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family.buy it. Then, I think to myselfAnd then one day, I’ll see something expensive that I really like and“Well, I already spent $100 on that dress last week, so I may as well spend $ 50 on this lipstick（口红）”and give up saving entirely. I’ve thought about why I act this way, but I don’t knowin a matter ofto “complete d isaster” what causes this behavior. I seem to go from “good” moments. My brain only sees “perfect” or “disaster”, which is extremely unhelpful.We humans are never just good or bad — we are far more complex. We have wins and wehave losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart. Some people understand this instinctively（本能地）, while others struggle. For most of us, learning not to do the thing we’re u sed torequires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes makemean we’ve failed. We need to accept that things will sometimes gomistakes, and that this doesn’ｔwrong.Indeed, failure is part of life. We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up.keep my nine nice nails. I feelAnd so, with my daughter’s words ringing in my ears, I decided todetermined to live with my choice. It’s a perfect annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I’ｍexercise in imperfection. Maybe soon, I’ll switch off my computer the next time I feel like I mightme again.buy something else I don’t need, although I may need my daughter there to guide21. Why did the author want to cut off her nails?A. She got all of them ruined.B. She didn’t like long nails at all.C. She didn’t want to have imperfect nails.D. She wanted to prevent them being broken.22. What is the auth or’s problem with her life?A. She is rather crazy about shopping.B. She looks at life in an extreme way.C. She is too careful with her finances.D. She is unwilling to change her mind.23. What does the author think of failure?A. It is just a normal part of life.B. It can help people to be stronger.C. It can completely destroy our life.D. It is something we need to overcome.BMy son Sam is 16 and autistic（自闭症的）. There’s a lot going on in that beautiful andbrilliant mind of his, but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss. Throw in some diagnosedanxiety, an inability to read social cues（信号）and an unexpected change to his daily routine, andyou have the way to deal with a very public meltdown（崩溃）.home: I’d pick It was Sam’s very first day at high school. We’d set up a plan for how he’d get him up outside the shop near his school at 3:30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan.Unknown to me, very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery, I was running lateand unable to communicate that to him. As a result, he was left alone and extremely frightened. Hetold him to wait.became very upset outside the shop, exactly where I’ｄThis was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check on him, but tookhim inside her shop, calmed him down, got my phone number from him and called me.Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon, bought a drink, had a chatand she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.shop to let Sam will graduate this year, and I’m increasingly feeling the need to drop by thethis wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam, and that she has saved me. I’m not sure if I can communicate all of this, but at least I will get to thank her.There are people I will not get to thank, though — the many kind strangers who have beendering if this world is a complete mess right now,there for Sam. And believe me, if you’re wonI’m here to say that it is not.So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodnessof your heart. Please know you are appreciated, that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated, and that, perhaps unknowingly, you have made a great difference in someone’s life.24. What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph?A. He is rather slow with his studies.B. He can deal with sudden changes well.C. He has difficulty in dealing with things.D. He tries hard to learn how to read socialcues.25. The underlined part “check on” in Paragraph 4 probably means __________.A. discoverB. visitC. recognizeD. examine26. What happened to Sam after his first day at high school?A. He could get on well with his classmates.B. He made good friends with the nice lady.C. He brought the lady some food to thank her.D. He became willing to communicate with others.27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To express her thanks to kind people.B. To remind us all to help autistic people.C. To show how difficult life is for autistic people.D. To tell us how to make a difference in oth ers’ lives.CIf you’ve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man’s15 years long, which meansbest friend”. But a dog’s life is much shorter than humans, about 12 toevery dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned atleast 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA inthe egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb（子宫）of a female dog. Theegg grows into a puppy over the following two months.The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡63,000. But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it ata later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly sameDNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian（斑点狗）clone will be different, for example,”Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “clone-able”. A part from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.relationship with them Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of ouris coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”28. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twins.C. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D. Helping dog owners love their dogs more.29. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A. a→d→b→e→cB. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→cD. b→a→e→d→c30. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.31. What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.DAre you a procrastinator（拖拉者）? It’s a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lowerwell-being, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study hasfound a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me” needs and desires to those ofand “Future Me”. “People act as if they prefer their current selves’Daphna Oyserman.their future selves,” wrote psychologists Neil Lewis andexactly how Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me” imagine “Future Me” would feel the night before a big paper was due, though“Present Me” hadn’t started-off event as a number of days away, not months oryet. They made “Present Me” think about a faryears.seemed 16.3 Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend’s weddingdays sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when consideredin months rather than years.The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they weretold a certain event was happening in X days rather than years. For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go to college in either 18years or 6,570 days. The researchers found those in the “days” condition planned to start savingon.four times sooner than those in the “years” conditiSo if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.32. What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study?A. To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator.B. To find out whether human beings usually have two different characters.C. To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-being.D. To prove it’s helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves.in Paragraph 4 refers to “_________”．33. The underlined part “this way”A. setting up tough deadlinesB. following schedules strictlyC. counting in smaller units of timeD. imagining how your future self will feel34. What helps prevent people from procrastinating?A. Comparing their future selves with present selves.B. Considering their current selves’ needs and desires.C. Thinking about far-off events in days rather than years.D. Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder.35. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. A way to get things done in time.B. The harmful effects of procrastination.C. The reason to overlook future needs and desires.D. The way to reduce stress and improve happiness.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(完整版)郑州市2019年高中毕业班第一次质量预测英语试卷及答案
英语参考答案一、选择题（1-60）：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.C8.B9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.D 26.B 27.A 28.A 29.D 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A 36.A 37.G 38.F 39.B 40.D 41.D 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.A 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.C 53.D 54.C 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.A 59.D60.C二、语言知识运用第二节（61-70）：61. successfully 62. allows 63. led 64. global 65. planned 66. agreement 67. where 68. to develop69. it 70. for三、短文改错：This summer, I visited Hangzhou, and this journey had impressed me deeply.71Being a capital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou lies in the southeast of China. There are a72. thelot of place of interest. Among them the West Lake is the best-known attraction, where water73. placesseem to melt into the sky by the distance. Besides, there are several museums locating in 74. seems 75. in/at 76. located Hangzhou that show i ts unique culture. What’s more, you can enjoy many kinds of deliciously77. delicious local food such as West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce and Dongpo Pork. The people there arefriendly and kind, but they are working hard ∧make the city more beautiful.78. and 79. toWhat attractive and inviting Hangzhou is!80. How四、书面表达：One possible version:Dear Robert,I’m sorry to hear you have some trouble getting along with your friends. Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you’d better find out what got you into such a mess, and then turn to your teachers or parents for advice. Secondly, why not open your mind to communicate with your friends frankly? It shows you really cherish the friendship between you and value their viewpoints. Besides, in your daily life, it’s wise to be ready to help your friends and people around you. In this way, you can not only win back your old friends but also make some new ones.I hope my suggestions can make a diff erence. I’ll continue to offer help if you need. Sincerely yours,Li Hua。
郑州市2019届高中毕业班第一次质量预测试卷-高考模拟
郑州市2019届高中毕业班第一次质量预测试卷-高考模拟各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分。
考试时间150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共30分）一、基础题（12分，每小题3分）1.下列词语中加点字的读音完全相同的一项是A.谥号自缢狭关险隘溢于言表B.嗫嚅懦弱相濡以沫孺子可教 c.论常论语囫囵吞枣论落风尘D.譬喻辟邪嗜酒成癖穷乡僻壤 2.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是①时值中国电影百年，自称代表专业水准的金鸡奖遭遇明星大腕的空前_______，竟然要赶搭“超女”的顺风车才勉强多凑了几条新闻，这大概是近几年星光格外黯淡的一届。
②xxxx年末，姚明曾遭遇新秀墙，他面带微笑以回应；现在，他又面临着职业生涯的瓶颈这堵墙，这是成为巨星之前的必经之路。
姚明只有突破自我，_______心理素质，才能挽救自我与火箭。
③北京2008年奥运“福娃”刚刚面世，就成了市场追逐的热点。
而福娃图案文字的知识产权归属国家奥组委，但据电视台报道，在北京雅秀市场已见到未经_______的福娃商品。
A.冷淡锤炼授权B.冷淡磨炼授权c.冷淡磨炼受权D.冷落锤炼受权 3.下列各句中，加点的词语使用不恰当的一句是A.针对街头信笔涂鸦的问题，市政管理部门制定了一系列措施，以期从根本上彻底解决这个痼疾。
B.“神舟六号”载人航天飞行取得圆满成功，表明我国在高科技领域后来居上，定能为人类的航天事业做出应有的贡献。
c.政府与民众不是施舍与被施舍的关系，而是互动的唇齿相依的关系，有困难得到政府的帮助，民众无需感恩戴德。
D.巴金老人走了，我们失去了一个文人的楷模。
巴老一生倡导“真”，不仅在作品中认真表现“真”，而且在生…………本文浏览权限：管理员高级用户VIP 用户各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测物理
6．郑州市 2019 年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测物理本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷 1 至 3 页，第Ⅱ卷 4 至 6 页，考试时间 90 分钟，满分 100 分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答 题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
一、选择题（本题共 10 小题，每小题 4 分，共 40 分。
每小题给出的四个选项中，有的小题 只有一个选项符合题意，有的小题有多个选项符合题意，全部选对的得 4 分，选对但不 全的得 2 分，有选错或不答的得 0 分。
答案填涂在答题卡的相应位置。
）1．根据 R ＝ρ L 可以导出电阻率的表达式 ρ＝ RS ，对温度一定的某种金属导线来说，它 SL的电阻率 3．一个质量为 2 kg 的物体，在六个恒定的共点力作用下处于平衡状态。
现同时撤去大小分 别为 15N 和 20N 的两个力，此后该物体的运动情况是 A ．一定做匀变速直线运动，加速度大小可能是 5 m ／s 2B ．可能做匀减速直线运动，加速度大小是 2 m ／ s 2 2C ．一定做匀变速运动，加速度大小可能是 15m ／ s 2D ．可能做匀速圆周运动，向心加速度大小可能是 5 m ／s 24．2019年 11月3日 1时43分，神舟八号飞船与天宫一号目标飞行器实现自动对接，为中 国建设空间站迈出关键一步。
已知对接之前天宫一号在距地球 343 km 的圆形轨道上运 行，根据上述内容判断A ．神舟八号飞船从低轨道上升到天宫一号所在轨道实行对接B ．对接时天宫一号的速率小于 7．9 km ／sC ．天宫一号一直飞行在北半球的上空D ．天宫一号内物体处于失重状态，不受重力作用5．在一次体育活动中， 两个同学一前一后在同一水平直线上，分别 抛出两个小球 A 和 B ，两个小球的运动轨迹如图所示，不计空 气阻力。
要使两个小球在空中发生碰撞，必须A ．先抛出 A 球，后抛出B 球 B ．同时抛出两球C ． A 球抛出速度大于 B 球抛出速度D ．使两球质量相等如图所示， 一质量为 m 1 的木板放在光滑斜面上， 木板的 上端用细绳拴在斜面上，木板上有一只质量为 m 2 的小猫。
河南省郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测——历史
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测历史试题卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷6至8页。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
交卷时只交答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）一、单项选择题（每题2分，共30题，60分。
）1．西周的历史文献和青铜器铭文经常记载着分封诸侯的指令，大意是：必须尊重当地原有的风俗习惯和法令制度，也必须和当地的领袖们建立亲戚关系。
这说明分封制A．强化了各地的风俗B．有利于不同民族的融合C．导致了西周的分裂D．以血缘关系来确定等级2．武帝初即位，大臣惩吴、楚七国行事，议者多冤晁错之策，认为“诸侯连城数十，泰强”，并向武帝“数奏其过恶”，要求对他们“稍侵夺”。
武帝接受主父偃的建议，立即批准。
据此可知，汉武帝意在A．扩大分封王国规模B．调整中央行政体制C．巩固皇族之间关系D．削弱诸侯王的实力3．南朝皇帝多以皇子出镇州府，同时以寒人出身的亲信为诸王辅佐，代为批答公文，处理机务，时称典签。
诸王上报中央的公事须经典签副署，典签返京师亦可密报方镇治绩。
这反映了南朝A．中央集权的发展B．分封制得以恢复C．门阀士族被削弱D．九品中正制衰落4．明代形成“廷杖”制度，大臣往往被当朝笞责，重者致死，或者投入“诏狱”，酷刑折磨致死，完全破坏了中国古代“君使臣以礼”的传统。
下列明代史实中，与这一现象的实质最相符的是A．推行改土归流B．内阁拒绝草拟皇帝不合理的诏旨C．废行省设三司D．太监乱政比其他任何朝代都严重5．6世纪时，东罗马帝国皇帝查士丁尼主张各民族一体遵守的自然法是上帝神意制定的，因此是始终固定不变的。
13世纪时意大利神学家阿奎那主张自然法和人法都受永恒法的支配，永恒法是上帝的意志力。
由此可知A．当时西方普遍认为自然法是上帝意志的体现B．资本主义萌芽时期的罗马法蕴含自然法精神C．中世纪的基督教神学统治影响到了法律思想D．罗马法中蕴含的自然法思想深刻影响后世6．《北华捷报》曾报道：“我们正目睹着这个自以为是、愚昧无知、毫无原则的大清帝国，遭遇了前所未有的全方位的蹂躏。
河南省郑州市2019届高中毕业年级第一次(1月)质量预测数学理试题(解析版)
2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测理科数学试题卷一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若复数的实部和虚部相等，则实数的值为A. 1B. -1C.D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】直接利用复数代数形式的乘除运算化简，再结合已知条件即可求出实数a的值．【详解】∵复数的实部和虚部相等，∴，解得a．故选：C．【点睛】本题考查了复数代数形式的乘除运算，考查了复数的基本概念，是基础题．2.已知集合，，则A. B.C. D.【答案】D【解析】【分析】先分别求出集合M，N，由此能求出M∪N和M∩N．【详解】∵集合M＝{x|﹣3≤x＜4}，N＝{x|x2﹣2x﹣8≤0}＝{x|﹣2≤x≤4}，∴M∪N＝{x|﹣3≤x≤4}，M∩N＝{x|﹣2≤x＜4}．故选：D．【点睛】本题考查交集的求法，考查交集定义、不等式性质等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，是基础题．3.已知矩形中，，现向矩形内随机投掷质点，则满足的概率是A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】【分析】如图建立以点B为坐标原点，BC，BA所在直线为x轴，y轴的直角坐标系得各点坐标，设M（x，y），则（﹣x，﹣y），（4﹣x，﹣y），由•0得：（x﹣2）2+y2≥4，由其几何意义和几何概型可得解.【详解】建立如图所示的直角坐标系，则B（0，0），C（4，0），A（0，2），D（4，2）设M（x，y），则（﹣x，﹣y），（4﹣x，﹣y），由•0得：（x﹣2）2+y2≥4，由几何概型可得：p1，故选：B．【点睛】本题考查了向量的数量积运算及几何概型，属于中档题4.下列函数既是奇函数，又在上单调递增的是A. B.C. D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】根据题意，依次分析选项中函数的奇偶性以及上的单调性，综合即可得答案．【详解】根据题意，依次分析选项：对于A，f（x）＝|sin x|，为偶函数，不符合题意；对于B，f（x）＝ln，其定义域为（﹣e，e），有f（﹣x）＝ln ln f（x），为奇函数，设t1，在（﹣e，e）上为减函数，而y＝lnt为增函数，则f（x）＝ln在（﹣e，e）上为减函数，不符合题意；对于C，f（x）（e x﹣e﹣x），有f（﹣x）（e﹣x﹣e x）（e x﹣e﹣x）＝﹣f（x），为奇函数，且f′（x）（e x+e﹣x）＞0，在R上为增函数，符合题意；对于D，f（x）＝ln（x），其定义域为R，f（﹣x）＝ln（x）＝﹣ln（x）＝﹣f（x），为奇函数，设t x，y＝lnt，t在R上为减函数，而y＝lnt为增函数，则f（x）＝ln（x）在R上为减函数，不符合题意；故选：C．【点睛】本题考查函数的奇偶性与单调性的判定，关键是掌握常见函数的奇偶性与单调性，属于基础题．5.在中，三边长分别为，，，最小角的余弦值为，则这个三角形的面积为A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】【分析】设最小角为α，故α对应的边长为a，然后利用余弦定理化简求解即可得a的值，再由三角形面积公式求解即可．【详解】设最小角为α，故α对应的边长为a，则cosα，解得a＝3．∵最小角α的余弦值为，∴．∴．故选：A．【点睛】本题考查余弦定理，考查三角形面积公式的应用，是基础题．6.如图，在中，，是上一点，若，则实数的值为A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】【分析】由题意，可根据向量运算法则得到（1﹣m），从而由向量分解的唯一性得出关于t的方程，求出t 的值.【详解】由题意及图，，又，，所以，∴（1﹣m），又t，所以，解得m，t，故选：C．【点睛】本题考查平面向量基本定理，根据分解的唯一性得到所求参数的方程是解答本题的关键，本题属于基础题.7.已知双曲线的左右焦点分别为，，实轴长为6，渐近线方程为，动点在双曲线左支上，点为圆上一点，则的最小值为A. 8B. 9C. 10D. 11【答案】B【解析】【分析】求得双曲线的a，b，可得双曲线方程，求得焦点坐标，运用双曲线的定义和三点共线取得最小值，连接EF1，交双曲线于M，交圆于N，计算可得所求最小值．【详解】由题意可得2a＝6，即a＝3，渐近线方程为y＝±x，即有，即b＝1，可得双曲线方程为y2＝1，焦点为F 1（，0），F2，（，0），由双曲线的定义可得|MF2|＝2a+|MF1|＝6+|MF1|，由圆E：x2+（y）2＝1可得E（0，），半径r＝1，|MN|+|MF2|＝6+|MN|+|MF1|，连接EF1，交双曲线于M，交圆于N，可得|MN|+|MF1|取得最小值，且为|EF1|4，则则|MN|+|MF2|的最小值为6+4﹣1＝9．故选：B．【点睛】本题考查双曲线的定义、方程和性质，考查圆的方程的运用，以及三点共线取得最值，考查数形结合思想和运算能力，属于中档题．8.已知函数的图像相邻的两个对称中心之间的距离为，若将函数的图像向左平移后得到偶函数的图像，则函数的一个单调递减区间为A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】【分析】先利用函数的图象确定函数的关系式，进一步求出函数的单调区间，再根据所求的区间的子集关系确定结果．【详解】函数f（x）＝sin（ωx+θ）（ω＞0，）的图象相邻的两个对称中心之间的距离为，则：T＝π，所以：ω＝2将函数f（x）的图象向左平移后，得到g（x）＝sin（2xθ）是偶函数，故：（k∈Z），解得：（k∈Z），由于：，所以：当k＝0时．则，令：（k∈Z），解得：（k∈Z），当k＝0时，单调递减区间为：[]，由于[]⊂[]，故选：B．【点睛】本题考查的知识要点：三角函数关系式的恒等变变换，正弦型函数的性质周期性和单调性的应用，主要考查学生的运算能力和转化能力，属于基础题型．9.如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为2，粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积为A. B.C. D.【答案】A【解析】【分析】先把三视图进行复原，进一步求出各个几何体的表面积，最后确定总面积．【详解】根据几何体的三视图得到：该几何体是由：上面是一个长方体，下面是由两个倒扣的圆锥构成，故：上面的正方体的表面积为：，设中间的圆锥展开面的圆心角为n，所以：，解得：n，所以圆锥的展开面的面积为S，所以：中间的圆锥的表面积为，同理得：下面的圆锥的表面积为，所以总面积为：S，故选：A．【点睛】本题考查的知识要点：三视图的应用，主要考查几何体的体积公式的应用和运算能力的应用，属于中档题．10.已知直三棱柱中的底面为等腰直角三角形，，点，分别是边，上动点，若直线平面，点为线段的中点，则点的轨迹为A. 双曲线的一支（一部分）B. 圆弧（一部分）C. 线段（去掉一个端点）D. 抛物线的一部分【答案】C【解析】【分析】画出图形，利用直线与平面平行以及垂直关系，然后得出Q点的轨迹为线段．【详解】如图作平面PQRK∥平面BCC1B1，可得到点M，N为平面PQRK与边，的交点，取MN的中点D，由对称性可知，在梯形NQRM中，D到底面ABC的距离DF始终为三棱柱高的一半，故Q落在到底面ABC距离为三棱柱高的一半的平面上，且与底面ABC平行.又D在底面的投影F始终在底面BC的高线AE上，即Q落在过底面BC的高线且与底面垂直的平面上，所以Q在两个面的交线上，又只能落在柱体内，故为线段OH，又直线平面，所以去掉O点，故选C.【点睛】本题考查直线与平面的位置关系的应用，轨迹方程的求法，考查转化思想以及计算能力．11.抛物线的焦点为，已知点，为抛物线上的两个动点，且满足，过弦的中点作该抛物线准线的垂线，垂足为，则的最小值为A. B. 1 C. D. 2【答案】B【解析】【分析】设|AF|＝a，|BF|＝b，连接AF、BF．由抛物线定义得2|CD|＝a+b，由余弦定理可得|AB|2＝（a+b）2﹣3ab，进而根据基本不等式，求得|AB|的取值范围，从而得到答案．【详解】设|AF|＝a，|BF|＝b，由抛物线定义，得|AF|＝|AQ|，|BF|＝|BP|在梯形ABPQ中，∴2|CD|＝|AQ|+|BP|＝a+b．由余弦定理得，|AB|2＝a2+b2﹣2ab cos60°＝a2+b2﹣ab配方得，|AB|2＝（a+b）2﹣3ab，又∵ab≤（）2，∴（a+b）2﹣3ab≥（a+b）2（a+b）2（a+b）2得到|AB|（a+b）＝|CD|．∴1，即的最小值为1．故选：B．【点睛】本题在抛物线中，利用定义和余弦定理求的最大值，着重考查抛物线的定义和简单几何性质、基本不等式求最值和余弦定理的应用等知识，属于中档题．12.已知函数设，若中有且仅有4个元素，则满足条件的整数的个数为A. 31B. 32C. 33D. 34【答案】D【解析】【分析】因为画出函数图象，等价于当时，；当时，，即轴左侧的图象在下面，轴右侧的图象在上面，平移，符合条件的整数根，除零外有三个即可.【详解】因为，符合条件的整数根，除零外有且只有三个即可，画出的函数图象如图所示，当时，；当时，，即轴左侧的图象在下面，轴右侧的图象在上面，，，，，平移，由图可知，当时，,符合题意；时，,符合题意；时，,符合题意；时，,符合题意整数的值为及，共个，故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查不等式的整数解、数形结合思想的应用，属于难题.数形结合是根据数量与图形之间的对应关系，通过数与形的相互转化来解决数学问题的一种重要思想方法，是中学数学四种重要的数学思想之一，尤其在解决选择题、填空题是发挥着奇特功效，大大提高了解题能力与速度.运用这种方法的关键是运用这种方法的关键是正确作出函数图象以及熟练掌握函数图象的几种变换，充分利用数形结合的思想方法能够使问题化难为简，并迎刃而解.二、填空题（每题5分，满分20分，将答案填在答题纸上）13.已知的展开式的各项系数和为64，则展开式中的系数为__________．【答案】20【解析】【分析】先利用二项式系数的性质求得n＝6，在二项展开式的通项公式中，令x的幂指数等于，3，求出r的值，即可求得展开式中x3的系数．【详解】令x＝1，可得（）n的展开式的各项系数和为2n＝64，∴n＝6，故（）n＝（）6的展开式的通项公式为T r+1•x3r﹣6，令3r﹣6＝3，可得r＝3，故展开式中x3的系数为20，故答案为：20．【点睛】本题主要考查二项式定理的应用，二项展开式的通项公式，二项式系数的性质，属于基础题．14.已知变量，满足则的取值范围是__________．【答案】【解析】【分析】由约束条件作出可行域，再由z的几何意义求解得答案．【详解】由变量x，y满足作出可行域如图：A（2，3），解得B（，），z的几何意义为可行域内动点与定点D（3，﹣1）连线的斜率．∵k DA4，k DB13．∴z的取值范围是[﹣13，﹣4]．故答案为：[﹣13，﹣4]．【点睛】本题考查简单的线性规划，考查数形结合的解题思想方法，是中档题．15.《中国诗词大会》（第三季）亮点颇多，在“人生自有诗意”的主题下，十场比赛每场都有一首特别设计的开场诗词在声光舞美的配合下，百人团齐声朗诵，别有韵味.若《沁园春·长沙》、《蜀道难》、《敕勒歌》、《游子吟》、《关山月》、《清平乐·六盘山》排在后六场，且《蜀道难》排在《游子吟》的前面，《沁园春·长沙》与《清平乐·六盘山》不相邻且均不排在最后，则后六场的排法有__________种．（用数字作答）【答案】144【解析】【分析】由特殊位置优先处理，先排最后一个节目，共4（种），相邻问题由捆绑法求解即剩余五个节目按A与F不相邻排序，共72（种）排法，定序问题用倍缩法求解即可B排在D的前面，只需除以即可，【详解】《沁园春•长沙》、《蜀道难》、《敕勒歌》、《游子吟》、《关山月》、《清平乐•六盘山》，分别记为A，B，C，D，E，F，由已知有B排在D的前面，A与F不相邻且不排在最后．第一步：在B，C，D，E中选一个排在最后，共4（种）选法第二步：将剩余五个节目按A与F不相邻排序，共72（种）排法，第三步：在前两步中B排在D的前面与后面机会相等，则B排在D的前面，只需除以2即可，即六场的排法有4×72÷2＝144（种）故答案为：144．【点睛】本题考查了排列、组合及简单的计数原理，属中档题．16.如图放置的边长为1的正方形沿轴滚动，点恰好经过原点.设顶点的轨迹方程是，则对函数有下列判断：①函数是偶函数；②对任意的，都有；③函数在区间上单调递减；④函数的值域是；⑤.其中判断正确的序号是__________．【答案】①②⑤【解析】【分析】根据正方形的运动，得到点P的轨迹方程，然后根据函数的图象和性质分别进行判断即可．【详解】当﹣2≤x≤﹣1，P的轨迹是以A为圆心，半径为1的圆，当﹣1≤x≤1时，P的轨迹是以B为圆心，半径为的圆，当1≤x≤2时，P的轨迹是以C为圆心，半径为1的圆，当3≤x≤4时，P的轨迹是以A为圆心，半径为1的圆，∴函数的周期是4．因此最终构成图象如下：①，根据图象的对称性可知函数y＝f（x）是偶函数，故①正确；②，由图象即分析可知函数的周期是4．即f（x+4）＝f（x），即f（x+2）＝f（x﹣2），故②正确；③，函数y＝f（x）在区间[2，3]上单调递增，故③错误；④，由图象可得f（x）的值域为[0，]，故④错误；⑤，根据积分的几何意义可知f（x）dxπ•（）21×1π×12，故⑤正确．故答案为：①②⑤．【点睛】本题考查的知识点是函数图象的变化，其中根据已知画出正方形转动过程中的一个周期内的图象，利用数形结合的思想对本题进行分析是解答本题的关键．三、解答题：共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答.第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答.17.已知数列为等比数列，首项，数列满足，且.（Ⅰ）求数列的通项公式；（Ⅱ）令，求数列的前项和.【答案】（Ⅰ）（Ⅱ）【解析】（I）设等比数列的公比为q，运用对数的运算性质和等比数列的通项公式，解方程即可得到公比，可得所求通项公式；（Ⅱ）b n＝log2a n＝log24n＝2n，∁n a n4n4n，运用分组求和和裂项相消求和，化简可得所求和．【详解】（Ⅰ）由和得，∴.设等比数列的公比为，∵∴，计算得出∴（Ⅱ）由（1）得，设数列的前项和为，则设数列的前项和为，则，∴【点睛】本题考查等比数列的通项公式和求和公式的运用，考查数列的求和方法：分组求和和裂项相消求和，考查化简整理的运算能力，属于中档题．18.已知四棱锥中，底面为菱形，，平面，、分别是、上的中点，直线与平面所成角的正弦值为，点在上移动.（Ⅰ）证明：无论点在上如何移动，都有平面平面；（Ⅱ）求点恰为的中点时，二面角的余弦值.【答案】（Ⅰ）见解析（Ⅱ）.【解析】（Ⅰ）推导出AE⊥PA，AE⊥AD，从而AE⊥平面PAD，由此能证明无论点F在PC上如何移动，都有平面AEF⊥平面PAD．（Ⅱ）以A为原点，AE为x轴，AD为y轴，AP为z轴，建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法能求出二面角C﹣AF﹣E 的余弦值．【详解】（Ⅰ）连接∵底面为菱形，，∴是正三角形，∵是中点，∴又，∴∵平面，平面，∴，又∴平面，又平面∴平面平面.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）得，，，两两垂直，以，，所在直线分别为轴，轴，轴建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系，∵平面，∴就是与平面所成的角，在中，，即，设，则，得，又，设，则，所以，从而，∴，则，，，，，，，所以，，，设是平面一个法向量，则取，得又平面，∴是平面的一个法向量，∴∴二面角的余弦值为.【点睛】本题考查面面垂直的证明，考查二面角的余弦值的求法，考查空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，是中档题．19.2012年12月18日，作为全国首批开展空气质量新标准监测的74个城市之一，郑州市正式发布数据.资料表明，近几年来，郑州市雾霾治理取得了很大成效，空气质量与前几年相比得到了很大改善.郑州市设有9个监测站点监测空气质量指数（），其中在轻度污染区、中度污染区、重度污染区分别设有2,5,2个监测站点，以9个站点测得的的平均值为依据，播报我市的空气质量.（Ⅰ）若某日播报的为118，已知轻度污染区的平均值为74，中度污染区的平均值为114，求重度污染区的平均值；（Ⅱ）如图是2018年11月的30天中的分布，11月份仅有一天在内.①郑州市某中学利用每周日的时间进行社会实践活动，以公布的为标准，如果小于180，则去进行社会实践活动.以统计数据中的频率为概率，求该校周日进行社会实践活动的概率；②在“创建文明城市”活动中，验收小组把郑州市的空气质量作为一个评价指标，从当月的空气质量监测数据中抽取3天的数据进行评价，设抽取到不小于180的天数为，求的分布列及数学期望.【答案】（Ⅰ）172（Ⅱ）①②见解析 【解析】 【分析】（Ⅰ）设重度污染区AQI 的平均值为x ，利用加权平均数求出x 的值； （Ⅱ）①由题意知11月份AQI 小于180的天数，计算所求的概率即可；②由题意知随机变量X 的可能取值，计算对应的概率值，写出分布列，求出数学期望值． 【详解】（Ⅰ）设重度污染区的平均值为，则，解得.即重度污染区平均值为172.（Ⅱ）①由题意知，在内的天数为1，由图可知，在内的天数为17天，故11月份小于180的天数为，又，则该学校去进行社会实践活动的概率为.②由题意知，的所有可能取值为0，1，2，3，且，，，，则的分布列为数学期望.【点睛】本题考查了平均数与离散型随机变量的分布列和数学期望计算问题，是基础题．20.设点为圆上的动点，点在轴上的投影为，动点满足，动点的轨迹为.（Ⅰ）求的方程；（Ⅱ）设的左顶点为，若直线与曲线交于两点，（，不是左右顶点），且满足，求证：直线恒过定点，并求出该定点的坐标.【答案】（Ⅰ）（Ⅱ）【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）设P（x，y），M（x0，y0），由已知条件建立二者之间的关系，利用坐标转移法可得轨迹方程；（2）由向量条件结合矩形对角线相等可得DA，DB垂直，斜率之积为﹣1，再联立直线与椭圆方程，得根与系数关系，逐步求解得证．【详解】（Ⅰ）设点，，由题意可知∵，∴，即，又点在圆上∴代入得即轨迹的方程为（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知，设，联立得即，∴又∵∴即即∴∴解得，，且均满足即当时，的方程为，直线恒过，与已知矛盾；当，的方程为，直线恒过所以，直线过定点，定点坐标为.【点睛】本题考查了轨迹方程的求法，直线与圆锥曲线的综合，注意向量条件的转化，考查了运算能力，难度较大．21.已知函数.（Ⅰ）当时，取得极值，求的值并判断是极大值点还是极小值点；（Ⅱ）当函数有两个极值点，，且时，总有成立，求的取值范围.【答案】（Ⅰ），为极大值点（Ⅱ）.【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）求出函数的导数，求出a的值，得到函数的单调区间，求出函数的极值点即可；（Ⅱ）求出函数极值点，问题转化为[2lnx1]＞0，根据0＜x1＜1时，0.1＜x1＜2时，0．即h（x）＝2lnx（0＜x＜2），通过讨论t的范围求出函数的单调性，从而确定t的范围即可．【详解】（Ⅰ），，则从而，所以时，，为增函数；时，，为减函数，所以为极大值点.（Ⅱ）函数的定义域为，有两个极值点，，则在上有两个不等的正实根，所以，由可得从而问题转化为在，且时成立.即证成立.即证即证亦即证. ①令则1)当时，，则在上为增函数且，①式在上不成立.2)当时，若，即时，，所以在上为减函数且，、在区间及上同号，故①式成立.若，即时，的对称轴，令，则时，，不合题意.综上可知：满足题意.【点睛】本题考查了利用导数研究函数的单调性极值与最值、方程与不等式的解法、等价转化方法、分类讨论方法，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于难题．22.已知曲线，是曲线上的动点，以坐标原点为极点，轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，以极点为中心，将点绕点逆时针旋转得到点，设点的轨迹方程为曲线.（Ⅰ）求曲线，的极坐标方程；（Ⅱ）射线与曲线，分别交于，两点，定点，求的面积.【答案】（1）：，：（2）【解析】【分析】（1）利用，即可得出答案。
郑州市2019年高中毕业班第一次质量预测——化学
郑州市2019 年高中毕业班第一次质量预测化学试题卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷1 至4 页，第Ⅱ卷4-8页，考试时间90 分钟，满分100 分，考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效，交卷时只交答题卡。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 S-32 Na-23 Co-59第Ⅰ卷（选择题共45 分）（本题包括15 小题，每小题 3 分，每小题只有一个选项．．．．．．符合题意）1.化学与生活密切相关。
下列有关说法不正确的是（）A．为避免蛋白质变性，疫苗一般应冷藏存放B．酶是活细胞产生的具有催化作用的有机物，绝大多数是蛋白质C．家庭装修的水性漆是以水做溶剂，有利于健康及环境D ．化石燃料的燃烧和碳酸盐的沉积都会引起大气中CO2 含量上升2.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列有叙述正确的是（）A．92g 甘油中含有羟基数为N AB．常温常压下，16gO 2和O3的混合气体中含有8N A个电子C．标准状况下，22．4L 苯中含有的碳碳双键数为3N AD．1L 1mol ? L－1的NaClO 溶液中含有CIO－的数目为N A3.下列指定反应的化学用语表达正确的是（）液浸泡D．KClO 碱性溶液与Fe(OH) 3 反应制取K2FeO43ClO －＋2Fe(OH) 3＝2FeO42－＋3Cl－＋4H＋＋H2O4.科学家将水置于足够强的电场中，在20℃时水分子瞬间凝固可形成“暖冰”。
某兴趣小组做如图所示实验，发现烧杯中酸性KMnO 4溶液褪色，且有气泡产生。
将酸性KMnO 4溶液换成FeCl2溶液，烧杯中溶液颜色无变化，但有气泡产生。
则下列说法中正确的是（）A．20℃时，水凝固形成的“暖冰”所发生的变化是化学变化B．“暖冰”是水置于足够的电场中形成的混合物C．烧杯中液体为FeCl2溶液时，产生的气体为Cl2D．该条件下H2：燃烧的产物中可能含有一定量的H2O25.某学习小组以废催化剂（要成分SiO2、ZnO、ZnS 和CuS）为原料，制备锌和铜的硫酸盐A．步骤①中能溶于稀硫酸的是ZnO 、ZnSB．步骤①、③中发生的反应均为氧化还原反应C．步骤③涉及的离子反应可能为CuS＋H2O2＋2H ＋＝Cu2＋＋S＋2H2OD ．步骤②和④，采用蒸发浓缩、冷却结晶，过滤后均可获取粗晶体6．下列实验选用的仪器和药品均正确的是7．向红色CrO3 固体表面喷洒酒精，会剧烈反应，生成绿色固体Cr2O3，同时闻到有刺激性气味乙醛生成。
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测物理
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测物理本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至3页，第Ⅱ卷4至6页，考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分。
每小题给出的四个选项中，有的小题只有一个选项符合题意，有的小题有多个选项符合题意，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分。
答案填涂在答题卡的相应位置。
）1．根据R＝ρLS可以导出电阻率的表达式ρ＝RSL，对温度一定的某种金属导线来说，它的电阻率A．跟导线的电阻R成正比B．跟导线的横截面积S成正比C．跟导线的长度L成反比D．只由其材料的性质决定2．如图所示，A、B两个相同的物块紧靠竖直墙壁，在竖直向上的恒力F作用下处于静止状态，A物块受力的个数是A．2个B．3个C．4个D．5个3．一个质量为2 kg的物体，在六个恒定的共点力作用下处于平衡状态。
现同时撤去大小分别为15N和20N的两个力，此后该物体的运动情况是A．一定做匀变速直线运动，加速度大小可能是5 m／s2B．可能做匀减速直线运动，加速度大小是2 m／s2C．一定做匀变速运动，加速度大小可能是15m／s2D．可能做匀速圆周运动，向心加速度大小可能是5 m／s24．2019年11月3日1时43分，神舟八号飞船与天宫一号目标飞行器实现自动对接，为中国建设空间站迈出关键一步。
已知对接之前天宫一号在距地球343 km的圆形轨道上运行，根据上述内容判断A．神舟八号飞船从低轨道上升到天宫一号所在轨道实行对接B．对接时天宫一号的速率小于7．9 km／sC．天宫一号一直飞行在北半球的上空D．天宫一号内物体处于失重状态，不受重力作用5．在一次体育活动中，两个同学一前一后在同一水平直线上，分别抛出两个小球A和B，两个小球的运动轨迹如图所示，不计空气阻力。
要使两个小球在空中发生碰撞，必须A．先抛出A球，后抛出B球B．同时抛出两球C．A球抛出速度大于B球抛出速度D．使两球质量相等6．如图所示，一质量为m1的木板放在光滑斜面上，木板的上端用细绳拴在斜面上，木板上有一只质量为m2的小猫。
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测
2019本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
交卷时只交答题卡。
一、选择题:本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
周公测景台（34.5°N，113°E）是我国最早的用于观测日影的天文仪器，由表（直立的柱子）和圭（与表相连的石座）组成。
因一年中总有某一时刻太阳投射在表上时，地面上没有影子，故俗称无影台。
读二分二至日正午周公测景台光照示意图，完成1～2图11A．6月22日11时32分B．6月22日12时C．6月22日12时28分D．12月22日122A．罗马气候炎热干燥B．孟买正值雨季C．南极站科考正忙D．悉尼白昼一年中最短高台民居是我国某地古代民居建筑，就地取材，以黄粘土制作的土坯墙、土块墙为主，厚度达1米。
该建筑依山之势、傍水之边，建在高40多米、长800多米黄土高崖上。
读高台民居景观图（图2），完成3～5图23A．福建省B．安徽省 C．内蒙古自治D4．高台民居墙体厚度达1A．防风防沙B．通风防潮 C．保温隔热D5A．登高望远B．防御洪水 C．通风采光D图3为祁连山地区水循环示意图，I为境外水汽输入量，P为总降水量，E为本地蒸发量，O为输出水汽总量，R为径流量。
图4为该地区由水汽输送和蒸发引起的降水分布图。
读图完成6～7图46．与2002年相比，2009A．I一定增加B．P一定增加 C．O一定减小D．R7．与2002年相比，2009A．输入水汽增多B C．蒸发水汽增多D．蒸发水汽减少抛物线状沙丘是在常年单向风或几个近似方向风的作用下形成的一种风积地貌，形态特征与新月形沙丘相反，它的两个翼角（丘臂）指向上风向，迎风坡凹进，背风坡呈弧形凸出，轮廓呈抛物线状。
读库布齐沙漠南缘某抛物线形沙丘示意图（图5），完成8～108 A ．东风B ．西风C ．南风D9A ．甲、乙B ．丙、丁C ．甲、丁D10．抛物线形沙丘表面常有耐旱植被着生，不同部位的植被覆盖度各不相同，植被覆盖度往往与不同部位所受的外力作用密切相关。
河南省郑州市2019届高三第一次质量预测生物试卷(有答案)
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测生物试题卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至7页，第Ⅱ卷8至10页，考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
交卷时只交答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）一、选择题（本题包括30个小题，每小题2分，共60分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列关于细胞中化合物的叙述，正确的是A．ATP分子中含有三个高能磷酸键B．脂肪区别于蔗糖的特有组成元素是氮C．tRNA分子中也含有碱基对D．盘曲的肽链被解开时，蛋白质的功能不变2．蛋白质是决定生物体结构和功能的重要物质。
下列相关叙述错误的是A．细胞膜、细胞质基质中负责转运氨基酸的载体并不都是蛋白质B．变性的蛋白质也能与双缩脲试剂发生颜色反应C．生物体内蛋白质发生水解时，通常需要另一种蛋白质的参与D．鸡蛋清中加入一些食盐，会出现白色絮状物，此时蛋白质分子结构发生改变3．有关酵母菌和大肠杆菌的比较，下列叙述正确的是A．遗传物质都是DNA B．核糖体的形成都与核仁有关C．都具有内膜系统D．基因表达过程中，转录结束后再翻译4．下图表示人体内酪氨酸（非必需氨基酸）合成肾上腺素的简化过程，对其合成和分泌的有关叙述，正确的是A．若食物中不含酪氨酸，则人体不能合成肾上腺素B．与肾上腺素合成和分泌有关的细胞器有核糖体、内质网、高尔基体和线粒体等C．外界环境温度降低，体内与肾上腺素合成有关酶的活性也会降低，肾上腺素的合成和分泌就会减少D．在血糖调节过程中，肾上腺素与胰高血糖素都具有升高血糖的功能5．五个大小相同的白萝卜幼根与植物甲的幼根分别放入A—E五种不同浓度的蔗糖溶液中，30分钟后，取出称重，重量变化如下图所示。
以下关于该实验结果的说法，正确的是A．植物甲比白萝卜更耐干旱B．植物甲在与白萝卜幼根细胞液等渗的完全培养液中不能正常生长C．五种蔗糖溶液浓度由低到高依次是B、D、A、E、CD．白萝卜与植物甲的幼根细胞在C溶液中水分子不会通过细胞膜向外转移6．肽酰转移酶是催化肽键形成的酶，对RNA酶敏感，对蛋白酶不敏感。
河南省郑州市2019届高三第一次(1月)质量预测数学(理)试题
2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测理科数学试题卷第Ⅰ卷（选择题）一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若复数12()2aia R i+∈-的实部和虚部相等，则实数a 的值为 A ．1 B ．-1 C ．16 D ．16- 2.已知集合{|34}M x x =-≤<，2{|280}N x x x =--≤，则 A ．M N R = B ．{|34}M N x x =-≤< C ．{|24}MN x x =-≤≤ D ．{|24}MN x x =-≤<3.已知矩形ABCD 中，24BC AB ==，现向矩形ABCD 内随机投掷质点M ，则满足0MB MC ⋅≥的概率是 A ．4π B ．44π- C ．2π D ．24π-4.下列函数既是奇函数，又在[1,1]-上单调递增的是 A ．()|sin |f x x = B ．()ln e xf x e x-=+ C.1()()2x xf x e e -=- D ．2()ln(1f x x x =+） 5.在ABC ∆中，三边长分别为a ，2a +，4a +，最小角的余弦值为1314，则这个三角形的面积为A ．154213435346.如图，在ABC ∆中，23AN NC =，P 是BN 上一点，若13AP t AB AC =+，则实数t 的值为A ．23 B ．25 C.16 D ．347.已知双曲线2222:1(0,0)x y C a b a b-=>>的左右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，实轴长为6，渐近线方程为13y x =±，动点M 在双曲线左支上，点N 为圆22:(6)1E x y +=上一点，则2||||MN MF +的最小值为 A ．8 B ．9 C.10 D ．11 8.已知函数()sin()(0,)22f x x ππωθωθ=+>-≤≤的图像相邻的两个对称中心之间的距离为2π，若将函数()f x 的图像向左平移6π后得到偶函数()g x 的图像，则函数()f x 的一个单调递减区间为 A ．[,]86ππ-B ．7[,]412ππ C. [0,]3π D ．5[,]26ππ9.如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为2，粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积为A ．(32162165)π+B ．162(16162165)π+C.(32322325)π+ D ．162(16322325)π+10.已知直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中的底面为等腰直角三角形，AB AC ⊥，点M ，N 分别是边1AB ，1AC 上动点，若直线MN ∥平面11BCC B ，点Q 为线段MN 的中点，则点Q 的轨迹为 A ．双曲线的一支（一部分） B ．圆弧（一部分） C. 线段（去掉一个端点） D ．抛物线的一部分11.抛物线22(0)x py p =>的焦点为F ，已知点A ，B 为抛物线上的两个动点，且满足60AFB ∠=︒，过弦AB 的中点C 作该抛物线准线的垂线CD ，垂足为D ，则||||AB CD 的最小值为A ．1 C.233D ．2 12.已知函数23236,0,()34,0,x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≥⎪=⎨--+<⎪⎩设{|(())0}A x Z x f x a =∈-≥，若1A 中有且仅有4个元素，则满足条件的整数a 的个数为A ．31B ．32 C.33 D ．34第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）二、填空题（每题5分，满分20分，将答案填在答题纸上）13.已知21()nx x+的展开式的各项系数和为64，则展开式中3x 的系数为 ．14.已知变量x ，y 满足240,2,60,x y x x y -+≤⎧⎪≥⎨⎪+-≤⎩则13y z x +=-的取值范围是 ．15.《中国诗词大会》（第三季）亮点颇多，在“人生自有诗意”的主题下，十场比赛每场都有一首特别设计的开场诗词在声光舞美的配合下，百人团齐声朗诵，别有韵味.若《沁园春·长沙》、《蜀道难》、《敕勒歌》、《游子吟》、《关山月》、《清平乐·六盘山》排在后六场，且《蜀道难》排在《游子吟》的前面，《沁园春·长沙》与《清平乐·六盘山》不相邻且均不排在最后，则后六场的排法有 种．（用数字作答） 16.如图放置的边长为1的正方形PABC 沿x 轴滚动，点B 恰好经过原点.设顶点(,)P x y 的轨迹方程是()y f x =，则对函数()y f x =有下列判断：①函数()y f x =是偶函数；②对任意的x R ∈，都有(2)(2)f x f x +=-；③函数()y f x =在区间[2,3]上单调递减；④函数()y f x =的值域是[0,1]；⑤21()2f x dx π+=⎰.其中判断正确的序号是 ．三、解答题：共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答.第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答.17. 已知数列{}n a 为等比数列，首项14a =，数列{}n b 满足2log n n b a =，且12312b b b ++=. （Ⅰ）求数列{}n a 的通项公式； （Ⅱ）令14n n n n c a b b +=+⋅，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n S .18. 已知四棱锥中P ABCD -，底面ABCD 为菱形，60ABC ∠=︒，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，E 、M 分别是BC 、PD 上的中点，直线EM 与平面PAD 所成角的正弦值为155，点F 在PC 上移动.（Ⅰ）证明：无论点F 在PC 上如何移动，都有平面AEF ⊥平面PAD ； （Ⅱ）求点F 恰为PC 的中点时，二面角C AF E --的余弦值.19. 2012年12月18日，作为全国首批开展空气质量新标准监测的74个城市之一，郑州市正式发布 2.5PM 数据.资料表明，近几年来，郑州市雾霾治理取得了很大成效，空气质量与前几年相比得到了很大改善.郑州市设有9个监测站点监测空气质量指数（AQI ），其中在轻度污染区、中度污染区、重度污染区分别设有2,5,2个监测站点，以9个站点测得的AQI 的平均值为依据，播报我市的空气质量.（Ⅰ）若某日播报的AQI 为118，已知轻度污染区AQI 的平均值为74，中度污染区AQI 的平均值为114，求重度污染区AQI 的平均值；（Ⅱ）如图是2018年11月的30天中AQI 的分布，11月份仅有一天AQI 在[170,180)内.①郑州市某中学利用每周日的时间进行社会实践活动，以公布的AQI 为标准，如果AQI 小于180，则去进行社会实践活动.以统计数据中的频率为概率，求该校周日进行社会实践活动的概率；②在“创建文明城市”活动中，验收小组把郑州市的空气质量作为一个评价指标，从当月的空气质量监测数据中抽取3天的数据进行评价，设抽取到AQI 不小于180的天数为X ，求X 的分布列及数学期望.20. 设M 点为圆22:4C x y +=上的动点，点M 在x 轴上的投影为N ，动点P 满足23PN MN =，动点P 的轨迹为E . （Ⅰ）求E 的方程；（Ⅱ）设E 的左顶点为D ，若直线:l y kx m =+与曲线E 交于两点A ，B （A ，B 不是左右顶点），且满足||||DA DB DA DB +=-，求证：直线l 恒过定点，并求出该定点的坐标.21. 已知函数2()8ln ()f x x x a x a R =-+∈.（Ⅰ）当1x =时，()f x 取得极值，求a 的值并判断1x =是极大值点还是极小值点； （Ⅱ）当函数()f x 有两个极值点1x ，212()x x x <，且11x ≠时，总有21111ln (43)1a x t x x x >+--成立，求t 的取值范围.选考题：共10分.请考生在22、23两题中任选一题作答，如果多选，则按所做的第一题计分.22.选修4-4：坐标系与参数方程已知曲线221:(3)9C x y +-=，A 是曲线1C 上的动点，以坐标原点O 为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，以极点O 为中心，将点A 绕点O 逆时针旋转90︒得到点B ，设点B 的轨迹方程为曲线2C . （Ⅰ）求曲线1C ，2C 的极坐标方程； （Ⅱ）射线5(0)6πθρ=>与曲线1C ，2C 分别交于P ，Q 两点，定点(4,0)M -，求MPQ ∆的面积. 23.选修4-5：不等式选讲已知函数()|32||22|()f x x a x a R =-+-∈. （Ⅰ）当12a =时，解不等式()6f x >； （Ⅱ）若对任意0x R ∈，不等式000()34|22|f x x x +>+-都成立，求a 的取值范围.试卷答案一、选择题1-5:CDBCA 6-10: CBBAC 11、12：BD二、填空题13. 20 14.[13,4]-- 15.144 16. ①②⑤三、解答题17. 解（Ⅰ）由2log n n b a =和12312b b b ++=得2123log ()12a a a =，∴121232a a a =.设等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ，∵14a =∴2631212344422a a a q q q =⋅⋅=⋅=， 计算得出4q =∴1444n n n a -=⋅= （Ⅱ）由（1）得2log 42n n b n ==，414422(1)(1)n n n c n n n n =+=+⋅++1141n n n =-++ 设数列1{}(1)n n +的前n 项和为n A ，则1111112231n A n n =-+-++-+1nn =+ 设数列{4}n的前n 项和为n B ，则4444(41)143n nn B -⋅==--， ∴4(41)13n n n S n =+-+ 18.（Ⅰ）证明：连接AC∵底面ABCD 为菱形，60ABC ∠=︒， ∴ABC ∆是正三角形， ∵E 是BC 中点，∴AE BC ⊥ 又AD BC ∥，∴AE AD ⊥∵PA ⊥平面ABCD ，AE ⊂平面ABCD ， ∴PA AE ⊥，又PAAE A =∴AE ⊥平面PAD ，又AE ⊂平面AEF ∴平面AEF ⊥平面PAD .（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）得，AE ，AD ，AP 两两垂直，以AE ，AD ，AP 所在直线分别为x 轴，y 轴，z 轴建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系， ∵AE ⊥平面PAD ，∴AME ∠就是EM 与平面PAD 所成的角，在Rt AME ∆中，sin 5AME ∠=2AE AM =， 设2AB a =，则AE，得AM ， 又2AD AB a ==，设2PA b =，则(0,,)M a b ， 所以222AM a b a +=， 从而b a =，∴2PA AD a ==，则(0,0,0)A ，(3,,0)B a a -，(3,,0)C a a ，(0,2,0)D a ，(0,0,2)P a ，,0,0)E ，3(,,)22a aF a ， 所以(3,0,0)AE a =，3(,,)22a aAF a =，(3,3,0)BD a a =-， 设(,,)n x y z 是平面AEF 一个法向量，则00n AE n AF ⎧⋅=⎪⇒⎨⋅=⎪⎩303022ax ax ay az ⎧=⎪++=⎪⎩取z a =，得(0,2,)n a a =- 又BD ⊥平面ACF ，∴(3,3,0)BD a a =-是平面ACF 的一个法向量，∴cos ,||||n BDn BD n BD ⋅==⋅215523a a=⋅∴二面角C AF E --的余弦值为155.19.（Ⅰ）设重度污染区AQI 的平均值为x ，则742114521199x ⨯+⨯+=⨯，解得172x =.即重度污染区AQI 平均值为172.（Ⅱ）①由题意知，AQI 在[170,180)内的天数为1，由图可知，AQI 在[50,170)内的天数为17天，故11月份AQI 小于180的天数为11718+=， 又183305=，则该学校去进行社会实践活动的概率为35. ②由题意知，X 的所有可能取值为0，1，2，3，且301812330204(0)1015C C P X C ===，211812330459(1)1015C C P X C ===， 121812330297(2)1015C C P X C ===，03181233011(3)203C C P X C ===， 则X 的分布列为数学期望EX =204459297110123101510151015203⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯65=. 20. 解：（Ⅰ）设点00(,)M x y ，(,)P x y ，由题意可知0(,0)N x ∵23PN MN =，∴002(,)3(0,)x x y y --=-， 即0x x =，03y y =又点M 在圆22:4C x y +=上 ∴22004x y +=代入得22143x y += 即轨迹E 的方程为22143x y += （Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知(2,0)D -，设11(,)A x y ，22(,)B x y联立22143y kx mx y =+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩ 得222(34)84(3)0k x mkx m +++-=222(8)4(34)(412)mk k m ∆=-+-2216(1239)0k m =-+>即22340k m +->，1,2x = ∴122834mk x x k -+=+ 21224(3)34m x x k -=+又1212()()y y kx m kx m =++221212()k x x mk x x m =+++22231234m k k-=+ ∵||||DA DB DA DB +=- ∴DA DB ⊥ 即0DA DB ⋅= 即1122(2,)(2,)x y x y +⋅+1212122()40x x x x y y =++++=∴222222412831224343434m mk m k k k k ---++++++0= ∴2271640m mk k -+= 解得12m k =，227m k =，且均满足即22340k m +-> 当12m k =时，l 的方程为2(2)y kx k k x =+=+，直线恒过(2,0)-，与已知矛盾； 当227m k =，l 的方程为22()77y kx k k x =+=+，直线恒过2(,0)7- 所以，直线l 过定点，定点坐标为2(,0)7-. 21. 解析：（Ⅰ）2'28()(0)x x af x x x-+=>，'(1)0f =，则6a = 从而'2(1)(3)()(0)x x f x x x--=>，所以(0,1)x ∈时，'()0f x >，()f x 为增函数；(1,3)x ∈时，'()0f x <，()f x 为减函数，所以1x =为极大值点.（Ⅱ）函数()f x 的定义域为(0,)+∞，有两个极值点1x ，212()x x x <，则2()280t x x x a =-+=在(0,)+∞上有两个不等的正实根，所以08a <<， 由12121242x x a x x x x +=⎧⎪⎪=⎨⎪<⎪⎩可得111022(4)x a x x <<⎧⎨=-⎩从而问题转化为在102x <<，且11x ≠时21111ln (43)1a x t x x x >+--成立. 即证21111112(4)ln (43)1x x x t x x x ->+--成立. 即证11112ln (1)1x x t x x >+- 即证11112ln (1)01x x t x x -+>- 亦即证 211111(1)[2ln ]01x t x x x x -+>-. ① 令2(1)()2ln (02)t x h x x x x -=+<<则2'22()(02)tx x t h x x x ++=<< 1).当0t ≥时，'()0h x >，则()h x 在(0,2)上为增函数且(1)0h =，①式在(1,2)上不成立.2).当0t <时，244t ∆=-若0∆≤，即1t ≤-时，'()0h x ≤，所以()h x 在(0,2)上为减函数且(1)0h =， 111x x -、2111(1)2ln t x x x -+在区间(0,1)及(1,2)上同号，故①式成立. 若0∆>，即10t -<<时，22y tx x t =++的对称轴11x t=->， 令1min(,2)a t =-，则1x a <<时，()0h x >，不合题意.综上可知：1t ≤-满足题意.22.（Ⅰ）曲线221:(3)9C x y +-=，把公式cos sin x y ραρα=⎧⎨=⎩代入可得： 曲线1C 的极坐标方程为6sin ρα=.设(,)B ρϕ，则(,)2A πρϕ-，则有6sin()6cos 2πρϕϕ=-=-. 所以，曲线2C 的极坐标方程为6cos ρϕ=-.（Ⅱ）M 到射线56πθ=的距离为54sin 26d π==， 射线56πθ=与曲线1C 交点5(3,)6P π， 射线56πθ=与曲线2C交点5)6Q π∴||3PQ =故1||32S PQ d =⨯⨯=23.（Ⅰ）当12a =时，不等式()6f x >可化为|31||22|6x x -+->， 当13x <时，不等式即13226x x -+->，∴35x <- 当113x ≤≤时，不等式即31226x x -+->，∴x φ∈ 当1x >时，不等式即31226x x -+->，∴95x >综上所述不等式的解集为39{|}55x x x <->或；（Ⅱ）不等式000(}34|22|f x x x +>+-可化为00|32|34x a x -+> 令()|32|3g x x a x =-+=262,322,3a x a x a a x ⎧-≥⎪⎪⎨⎪<⎪⎩， 所以函数()g x 最小值为2a ，根据题意可得24a >，即2a >，所以a 的取值范围为(2,)+∞.。
河南郑州2019高中毕业年级第一次质量预测--语文
河南郑州2019高中毕业年级第一次质量预测--语文本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第二卷(表达题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(选择题的答案应用2B铅笔填涂在相应位置)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
第I卷阅读题必考题【一】现代文阅读(9分，每题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成l—3题。
上世纪末，散文创作空前繁荣。
其中最火爆、最活跃的散文形式呈两极化进展：一方面是思辨化、大型化，即所谓“大散文”，如文化散文、思想随笔等；一方面呈情感化、软化、细化趋向，即所谓“小散文”，特点是侧重表现都市生活的细微感受，关怀世俗红尘中自身的瞬间体验。
“小散文”把散文的自由、随意和飘洒发挥到极致，但同时也在一定程度上消解了精深的生命探求，消解了文学的审美性，而呈现出一种所谓的“散文的消费性格”：短短的篇幅，甜甜的语言，浅浅的哲学，淡淡的哀愁。
也有人把它归纳成一种模式——温馨感人的小故事，加上娓娓倾谈的小情调，加上模糊不清的小感悟，给在快节奏、重功利、轻人情的现代生活中奔走的人们一种廉价的抚慰。
同样属于这一类型的，还有所谓“明星写作”。
它因作者本身的广告效应、读者的好奇心理和关于成名的期待与想象而拥有巨大的读者市场。
只是，就整个进展趋势看，“小散文”也好，“明星写作”也好。
轰动的热潮都可不能维持特别久。
相反的，那些表达着浓重的人文精神，表达着审美意识与历史感，深入人的心灵境域，抵选人性深处的思想随笔和文化散文，倒是有着长久的文学生命力。
它们或者采纳平实、自然的话体风格，抒写达观智慧的人生经验，使人感受到冬天炉边闲话、夏日豆棚啜茗的艺术氛围；或者表现为对传统文化的审视与反思，流露着一种浓酽的文化乡愁；或以理性视角、平常心理和世俗语言表选终极性、彼岸性的话题。
文化散文的兴起，有其现实的、社会的根源。
随着改革开放的深入进展，面时全球化的浪潮，加上西方现代主义文学艺术的妨碍，人的主体意识、探究意识、批判意识、超越意识大大增强，审美趣味发生变化，人们的文化观念、生活观念发生了重大变革，文学艺术的含义与功能随之也发生了转换。
2019年郑州高中毕业年级第一次质量预测
2019年郑州高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语试题卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AA month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off.“What are you doing, Mom? “my daughter cried. "Your nails look great! Don't cut them!”“But they're ruined, "I said, waving the broken one in her face.“They are not ruined, "she said. "You still have nine nails left!”I hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand. My nails certainly weren’t perfect anymore, and the opposite of "perfect "is "ruined”, right? I mean, this is how I think about most things: It's all or nothing. Take my finances for example.I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family. And then one day, I’ll see something expensive that I really like and buy it. Then, I think to myself "Well, I already spent $ 100 on that dress last week, so I may as well spend $50 on this lipstick（口红）” and give up saving entirely. I've thought about why I act this way, but I don't know what causes this behavior. I seem to go from "good " to "complete disaster" in a matter of moments. My brain only sees "perfect" or "disaster", which isextremely unhelpful.We humans are never just good or bad—we are far more complex. We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart. Some people understand this instinctively (本能地)，while others struggle. For most of us，learning not to do the thing we're used to requires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that doesn't mean we've failed. We need to accept that things will sometimes go wrong.Indeed, failure is part of life. We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up. And so, with my daughter’s words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails. I feel annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I'm determined to live with my choice. It's a perfect exercise in imperfection. Maybe soon, I'll switch off my computer the next time I feel like I might buy something else I don' t need, although I may need my daughter there to guide me again.21. Why did the author want to cut off her nails?A. She got all of them ruined.B. She didn't like long nails at all.C. She didn’t want to have imperfect nails.D. She wanted to prevent them being broken.22. What is the author's problem with her life?A. She is rather crazy about shopping.B. She looks at life in an extreme way.C. She is too careful with her finances.D. She is unwilling to change her mind.23. What does the author think of failure?A. It is just a normal part of life.B. It can help people to be stronger.C. It can completely destroy our life.D. It is something we need to overcome.BMy son Sam is16 and autistic （自闭症的）．There’s a lot going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his, but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss. Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues（信号）and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public meltdown（崩溃）.It was Sam's very first day at high school. We'd set up a plan for how he'd get hom e: I’d pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3: 30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan. Unknown to me, very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery, I was running late and unable to communicate that to him. As a result, he was left alone and extremely frightened. He became very upset outside the shop, exactly where I’d told him to wait.This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check on him, but took him inside her shop, calmed him down, got my phone number from him and called me.Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon, bought a drink, had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.Sam will graduate this year, and I'm increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam, and that she has saved me. I’m not sure if I can communicate all of this, but at least I will get to thank her.There are people I will not get to thank, though—the many kind strangers who have been there for Sam. And believe me, if you're wondering if this world is a complete mess right now, I'm here to say that it is not.So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart. Please know you are appreciated, that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated, and that, perhaps unknowingly, you have made a great difference in someone's life.24. What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph?A. He is rather slow with his studies.B. He can deal with sudden changes well.C. He has difficulty in dealing with things.D. He tries hard to learn how to read social cues.25. The undefined part "check on " in Paragraph 4 probably means “”.A. discoverB. visitC. recognizeD. examine26. What happened to Sam after his first day at high school?A. He could get on well with his classmates.B. He made good friends with the nice lady.C. He brought the lady some food to thank her.D. He became willing to communicate with others.27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To express her thanks to kind people.B. To remind us all to help autistic people.C. To show how difficult life is for autistic people.D. To tell us how to make a difference in others' lives.CIf you've ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend". But a dog's life i s much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡63,000. But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans ,they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them．“The spots on a Dalmatian（斑点狗）clone will be different, for example,” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not " clone-able". Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are bothrandom elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, " An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”28. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twins.C. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D. Helping dog owners love their dogs more.29. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A. a→d→b→e→cB. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→cD. b→a→e→d→c30. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.31. What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.DAre you a procrastinator（拖拉者）? It＇s a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me" and "Future Me". "People act as if they prefer their current selves’ ne eds and desires to those of their future selves, "wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me" imagine exactly how "Future Me" would feel the night before a big paper was due, thou gh “Present Me " hadn't started yet. They made "Present Me "think about a far-off event as a number of days away, not months or years.Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend’s wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years.The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in X days rather than years. For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6, 570 days. The researchers found those in the “days” condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the “years” condition.So if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.32. What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study?A. To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator.B. To find out whether human beings usually have two different characters.C. To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-being.D. To prove it's helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves.33. The underlined part "this way "in Pa ragraph 4 refers “”.A. setting up tough deadlinesB. following schedules strictlyC. counting in smaller units of timeD. imagining how your future self will feel34. What helps prevent people from procrastinating?A. Comparing their future selves with present selves.B. Considering their current selves' needs and desires.C. Thinking about far-off events in days rather than years.D. Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder.35. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. A way to get things done in time.B. The harmful effects of procrastination.C. The reason to overlook future needs and desires.D. The way to reduce stress and improve happiness.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
河南省郑州市2019届高三第一次质量预测数学(理)试卷(有答案)
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测理科数学试题卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分．考试时间120分钟，满分150 分．考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效．交卷时只交答题卡．第Ⅰ卷（选择题）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的．1．若复数122ai i＋－（a ∈R ）的实部和虚部相等，则实数a 的值为 A ．1 B ．－1 C ．16 D ．－16 2．已知集合M ＝{x ｜－3≤x ＜4}，N ＝{x ｜x 2－2x －8≤0}，则A ．M ∪N ＝RB ．M ∪N ＝{x ｜－3≤x ＜4}C ．M ∩N ＝{x ｜－2≤x ≤4}D ．M ∩N ＝{x ｜－2≤x ＜4}3．已知矩形ABCD 中，BC ＝2AB ＝4，现向矩形ABCD 内随机投掷质点M ，则满足 MB ·MC ≥0的概率是A ．4πB ．4π4－C ．2π D ．24π－ 4．下列函数既是奇函数，又在[－1，1]上单调递增的是 A ．f （x ）＝｜sinx ｜ B ．f （x ）＝lne x e x －＋C ．f （x ）＝12（x e －x e －） D ．f （x ）＝ln x ） 5．在△ABC 中，三边长分别为a ，a ＋2，a ＋4，最小角的余弦值为1314，则这个三角形的面 积为A B ．154 C D 6．如图，在△ABC 中，AN ＝23NC ，P 是BN 上一点，若AP ＝t AB ＋13AC ，则实数t 的值为A ．23B ．25C ．16D ．347．已知双曲线C ：22221x y a b－＝（a ＞0，b ＞0）的左右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，实轴长为6，渐近线方程为y ＝13±x ，动点M 在双曲线左支上，点N 为圆E ：x 2＋（y ）2＝1上一点，则｜MN ｜＋｜MF 2｜的最小值为A ．8B ．9C ．10D ．118．已知函数f （x ）＝sin （ωx ＋θ）（ω＞0，－2π≤θ≤2π）的图象相邻的两个对称中心之间的距离为2π，若将函数f （x ）的图象向左平移6π后得到偶函数g （x ）的图象，则函数f （x ）的一个单调递减区间为A ．[－3π，6π]B ．[4π，712π]C ．[0，3π]D ．[2π，56π] 9．如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为2，粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积为A ．＋（32＋＋B ．＋（16＋＋）πC ．＋（32＋＋）πD ．＋（16＋＋10．已知直三棱柱ABC —A 1B 1C 1中的底面为等腰直角三角形，AB ⊥AC ，点M ，N 分别是边AB 1，A 1C 上动点，若直线MN ∥平面BCC 1B 1，点Q 为线段MN 的中点，则点Q 的轨迹为A ．双曲线的一支（一部分）B ．圆弧（一部分）C ．线段（去掉一个端点）D ．抛物线的一部分11．抛物线x 2＝2py （p ＞0）的焦点为F ，已知点A ，B 为抛物线上的两个动点，且满足∠AFB ＝60°，过弦AB 的中点C 作该抛物线准线的垂线CD ，垂足为D ，则ABCD 的最小值为AB ．1 CD ．2 12．已知函数f （x ）＝23236040x x x x x x ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩－＋，≥，－－3＋，＜，设A ＝{x ∈Z ｜x （f （x ）－a ）≥0}，若A 中有且仅有4个元素，则满足条件的整数a 的个数为A ．31B ．32C ．33D ．34第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分，把答案填在答题卡中对应题号后的横线上．13．已知21()n x x＋的展开式的各项系数和为64，则展开式中x 3的系数为___________． 14．已知变量x ，y 满足240260x y x x y ⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩－＋≤，≥，＋－≤，则z ＝13x y ＋－的取值范围是__________________． 15．《中国诗词大会》(第三季)亮点颇多，在“人生自有诗意”的主题下，十场比赛每场都有一首特别设计的开场诗词在声光舞美的配合下，百人团齐声朗诵，别有韵味．若《沁园春·长沙》、《蜀道难》、《敕勒歌》、《游子吟》、《关山月》、《清平乐·六盘山》排在后六场，且《蜀道难》排在《游子吟》的前面，《沁园春·长沙》与《清平乐·六盘山》不相邻且均不排在最后，则后六场的排法有_________种．（用数字作答）16．如图放置的边长为1的正方形PABC 沿x 轴滚动，点B 恰好经过原点．设顶点P （x ，y ）的轨迹方程是y ＝f （x ），则对函数y ＝f （x ）有下列判断：①函数y ＝f （x ）是偶函数；②对任意的x ∈R ，都有f （x ＋2）＝f （x －2）；③函数y ＝f （x ）在区间[2，3]上单调递减；④函数y ＝f （x ）的值域是[0，1]；⑤20()f x dx ⎰＝12π＋．其中判断正确的序号是______．三、解答题：共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17—21题为必考题，每个考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．17．（本小题满分12分）已知数列{n a }为等比数列，首项a 1＝4，数列{n b }满足n b ＝2log n a ，且b 1＋b 2＋b 3＝12．（Ⅰ）求数列{n a }的通项公式；（Ⅱ）令n c ＝14·n n b b ＋＋n a ，求数列{n c }的前n 项和n S ．18．（本小题满分12分）已知四棱锥中P —ABCD ，底面ABCD 为菱形，∠ABC ＝60°，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，E 、M 分别是BC 、PD 上的中点，直线EM 与平面PAD所成角的正弦值为5，点F 在PC 上移动．（Ⅰ）证明：无论点F 在PC 上如何移动，都有平面AEF ⊥平面PAD ；（Ⅱ）求点F 恰为PC 的中点时，二面角C —AF —E 的余弦值．19．（本小题满分12分）2012年12月18日，作为全国首批开展空气质量新标准监测的74个城市之一，郑州市正式发布PM2．5数据．资料表明，近几年来，郑州市雾霾治理取得了很大成效，空气质量与前几年相比得到了很大改善．郑州市设有9个监测站点监测空气质量指数（AQI ），其中在轻度污染区、中度污染区、重度污染区分别设有2，5，2个监测站点，以9个站点测得的AQI 的平均值为依据，播报我市的空气质量．（Ⅰ）若某日播报的AQI 为118，已知轻度污染区AQI 的平均值为74，中度污染区AQI的平均值为114，求重度污染区AQI 的平均值；（Ⅱ）如图是2018年11月的30天中AQI 的分布，11月份仅有一天AQI 在[170，180）内．①郑州市某中学利用每周日的时间进行社会实践活动，以公布的AQI 为标准，如果AQI 小于180，则去进行社会实践活动．以统计数据中的频率为概率，求该校周日去进行社会实践活动的概率；②在“创建文明城市”活动中，验收小组把郑州市的空气质量作为一个评价指标，从当月的空气质量监测数据中抽取3天的数据进行评价，设抽取到的AQI 不小于180的天数为X ，求X 的分布列及数学期望．20．（本小题满分12分）设M 点为圆C ：x 2＋y 2＝4上的动点，点M 在x 轴上的投影为N ．动点P 满足2PN＝MN ，动点P 的轨迹为E ．（Ⅰ）求E 的方程；（Ⅱ）设E 的左顶点为D ，若直线l ：y ＝kx ＋m 与曲线E 交于两点A ，B （A ，B 不是左右顶点），且满足｜DA ＋DB ｜＝｜DA －DB ｜，求证：直线l 恒过定点，并求出该定点的坐标．21．（本小题满分12分）已知函数f （x ）＝x 2－8x ＋alnx （a ∈R ）．（Ⅰ）当x ＝1时，f （x ）取得极值，求a 的值并判断x ＝1是极大值点还是极小值点； （Ⅱ）当函数f （x ）有两个极值点x 1，x 2（x 1＜x 2），且x 1≠1时，总有11ln a x x 1－＞t （4＋3x 1－21x ）成立，求t 的取值范围．选考题：共10分，请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答．如果多选，则按所做的第一题计分．22．（本小题满分10分）选修4—4：坐标系与参数方程已知曲线C 1：x 2＋（y －3）2＝9，A 是曲线C 1上的动点，以坐标原点O 为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，以极点O 为中心，将点A 绕点O 逆时针旋转90°得到点B ，设点B 的轨迹方程为曲线C 2．（Ⅰ）求曲线C 1，C 2的极坐标方程；（Ⅱ）射线θ＝56（ρ＞0）与曲线C 1，C 2分别交于P ，Q 两点，定点M （－4，0），求△MPQ 的面积．23．（本小题满分10分）选修4—5：不等式选讲已知函数f （x ）＝｜3x －2a ｜＋｜2x －2｜（a ∈R ）．（Ⅰ）当a ＝12时，解不等式f （x ）＞6； （Ⅱ）若对任意0x ∈R ，不等式f （0x ）＋30x ＞4＋｜20x －2｜都成立，求a 的取值范围．。
河南省郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测——英语
英语试题卷2019.1.15第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AA month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off.“What are you doing, Mom?” my daughter cried. “Your nails look great! Don’t cut them !”“But they’re ruined,” I said, waving the broken one in her face.“They’re not ruined,” she said. “You still have nine nails left!”I hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand. My nails certainly weren’t perfect anymore, and the opposite of “perfect” is “ruined”, right? I mean, this is how I think about most things: It’s all or nothing. Take my finances for example.I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family. And then one day, I’ll see something expensive that I really like and buy it. Then, I think to myself “Well, I already spent $100 on that dress last week, so I may as well spend $ 50 on this lipstick （口红）” and give up saving entirely.I’ve thought about why I act this way, but I don’t know what causes this behavior. I seem to go from “good” to “complete disaster” in a matter of moments. My brain only sees “perfect” or “disaster”, which is extremely unhelpful.We humans are never just good or bad — we are far more complex. We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart. Some people understand this instinctively（本能地）, while others struggle. For most of us, learning not to d o the thing we’re used to requires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that this doesn’t mean we’ve failed. We need to accept that things will sometimes go wrong.Indeed, failure is part of life. We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up. And so, with my daughter’s words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails. I feel annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I’m determined to live with my choice. It’s a p erfect exercise in imperfection. Maybe soon, I’ll switch off my computer the next time I feel like I might buy something else I don’t need, although I may need my daughter there to guide me again.21. Why did the author want to cut off her nails?A. She got all of them ruined.B. She didn’t like long nails at all.C. She didn’t want to have imperfect nails.D. She wanted to prevent them being broken.22. What is the author’s problem with her life?A. She is rather crazy about shopping.B. She looks at life in an extreme way.C. She is too careful with her finances.D. She is unwilling to change her mind.23. What does the author think of failure?A. It is just a normal part of life.B. It can help people to be stronger.C. It can completely destroy our life.D. It is something we need to overcome.BMy son Sam is 16 and autistic（自闭症的）. There’s a lot going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his, but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss. Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues（信号）and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public meltdown（崩溃）.It was Sam’s very first day at high school. We’d set up a plan for how he’d get home: I’d pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3:30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan. Unknown to me, very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery, I was running late and unable to communicate that to him. As a result, he was left alone and extremely frightened. He became very upset outside the shop, exactly where I’d told him to wait.This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check on him, but took him inside her shop, calmed him down, got my phone number from him and called me.Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon, bought a drink, had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.Sam will graduate this year, and I’m increasingly feeling the need to drop by th e shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam, and that she has saved me. I’m not sure if I can communicate all of this, but at least I will get to thank her.There are people I will not get to thank, though — the many kind strangers who have been there for Sam. And believe me, if you’re wondering if this world is a complete mess right now, I’m here to say that it is not.So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart.Please know you are appreciated, that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated, and that, perhaps unknowingly, you have made a great difference in someone’s life.24. What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph?A. He is rather slow with his studies.B. He can deal with sudden changes well.C. He has difficulty in dealing with things.D. He tries hard to learn how to read social cues.25. The underlined part “check on” in Paragraph 4 probably means __________.A. discoverB. visitC. recognizeD. examine26. What happened to Sam after his first day at high school?A. He could get on well with his classmates.B. He made good friends with the nice lady.C. He brought the lady some food to thank her.D. He became willing to communicate with others.27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To express her thanks to kind people.B. To remind us all to help autistic people.C. To show how difficult life is for autistic people.D. To tell us how to make a difference in others’ lives.1CIf you’ve ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man’s best friend”. But a dog’s life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb（子宫）of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡63,000. But if you can’t afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian（斑点狗）clone will be different, for example,”Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “clone-able”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”28. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twins.C. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D. Helping dog owners love their dogs more.29. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A. a→d→b→e→cB. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→cD. b→a→e→d→c30. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.31. What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.DAre you a procrastinator（拖拉者）? It’s a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me” and “Future Me”. “People act as if they prefer their current selves’ needs and desires to t hose of their future selves,” wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me” imagine exactly how “Future Me”would feel the night before a big paper was due, though “Present Me” hadn’t started yet. They made “Present Me” think about a far-off event as a number of days away, not months or years.Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend’s wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years.The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in X days rather than years. For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6,570 days. The researchers found those in the “days” condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the“years” condition.So if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.32. What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study?A. To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator.B. To find out whether human beings usually have two different characters.C. To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-being.D. To prove it’s helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves.33. The underlined part “this way” in Paragraph 4 refers to “_________”.A. setting up tough deadlinesB. following schedules strictlyC. counting in smaller units of timeD. imagining how your future self will feel34. What helps prevent people from procrastinating?A. Comparing their future selves with present selves.B. Considering their current selves’ needs and desires.C. Thinking about far-off events in days rather than years.D. Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder.35. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. A way to get things done in time.B. The harmful effects of procrastination.C. The reason to overlook future needs and desires.D. The way to reduce stress and improve happiness.2第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测试题(B5_word版)答案
郑州市2019 年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测物理 参考答案一、选择题（本题共11题，每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1～6题只有一项符合题目要求，第7～11题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分。
）1C 2 D 3C 4D 5A 6A 7AD 8BD 9AC 10BC 11ABC二、实验题（本题共2小题，共17分。
请把分析结果填在答题卡上或按题目要求作答。
） 12． （1） C ； 2分（2） (64.42～64.48)； 2分（3） ABD （选对一个给1分，错选扣1分） 3分13．（1） 0.6； 2分（2） 1.46－1.49； 2分 0.84（0.76-0.90之间都给分） 2分（3）偏小； 2分 偏小； 2分三、计算题（本题共4小题，共36分。
解答时应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤。
只写最后答案不能得分。
有数值计算的题，答案中必须写出数值和单位。
） 14.（1）18 s 后汽车做匀速运动，此时牵引力为：F 3=1.5×103 N ，由平衡条件知，阻力为 f =F 3= F 3=1.5×103 N 1分0—6s 内，牵引力为 F 1=9×103 N由牛顿第二定律得 F 1-f =ma 1代入数据解得 a 1=5 m/s 21分6 s 末车速为 v 1=a 1t 1=30 m/s 1分在6—18 s 内，牵引力为F 2=1×103 N 由牛顿第二定律得 F 2-f =ma 2解得 22m/s 31-=a 1分第18 s 末车速为 22212m/s 26=+=t a v v 1分（2）汽车在0—6s 内的位移为m 9021111==t v x 1分 汽车在0—6 s 内的位移为 m 336)(212212=+=t v v x 1分 汽车在18—25 s 内的位移为 x 3=vt 3=182 m故汽车在前20 s 的位移为 x =x 1+x 2+x 3=608 m1分 15．（1）由自由落体运动规律有 221gt h =1分 所以有 22t h g = 1分 （2）月球的第一宇宙速度为近月卫星的运行速度，重力提供向心力Rv m mg 21= 1分所以 212t hRgR v == 1分在月球表面的物体受到的重力等于万有引力 2RMm G mg = 1分 2222Gt hR G gR M ==1分 （3）月球同步卫星绕月球做匀速圆周运动，根据万有引力提供向心力， ()2222)(H R T m H R Mm G +⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=+π 1分 解得 R t T hR R GMT H -=-=3222232224ππ 2分 16．（1）小球第一次刚好过最高点，此时速度，v 1=0根据题意可以判断小球带负电1分 由动能定理得qER =mgR 1分 解得 C 0.1==Emg q 1分 （2）小球第二次过最高点时速度为v 2，由动能定理可知 22212mv mgR qER =- 1分又 R v m B qv mg 222=+1分以上两式可解得 T 5.02==Rg q m B 1分 （3）小球第次N 过最高点时速度为v N ，小球受圆管向下的压力为F N221N mv mgR NqER =- R v m F B qv mg N N N 2=++ 1分解得 ()[]N 132---=N N F N 1分 N ＝1时，对内管壁挤压N ＝2时，无挤压N≥3时，对外管壁挤压 1分根据牛顿第三定律可知小球第N 次到达最高点a 时对圆管的压力大小为()[]N 132---N N 方向竖直向上(N ≥3) 1分17．（1）设C 滑上传送带后一直加速，则v t 2-v c 2＝2μgL 1分 解得：v t ＝52m/s ＞v 传，所以C 在传送带上一定先加速后匀速，滑上PQ 的速度v ＝3 m/s 1分又因为恰好停在Q 点，则有02－v 2＝-2μgx PQ解得x PQ ＝2.25 m 1分(2) A 与B 碰撞: mv 0＝2mv 共1分接下来AB 整体压缩弹簧后弹簧恢复原长时，C 脱离弹簧，这个过程有 2mv 共＝2mv 1＋ mv c 1分21(2mv 共2) ＝21（2mv 12）＋21mv c 21分解得：v 0＝3 m/s 1分（3）若v 0＝12 m/s A 、B 碰撞动量守恒mv 0＝2mv 1AB 一起再与C 碰 cmv v m mv +'=11222212121)2(21)2(21cmv v m v m +'= 解得 m /s 8323401===v v v c 1分假设C 从N 到Q 一直减速 v Q 2-v C 2＝-2μg （L ＋x PQ ）解得 v Q ＝39m/s ＞3m/s 假设成立 1分若恰好到达与圆心等高处 21mc Q 2＝mgR 得R ＝1.95 m 即R ≥1.95 m1分 若恰好能通过最高点，设最高点速度为v ，则 Rmv mg 2=21mv Q 2＝21mv 2＋2mgR解得 R ＝0.78 m 1分则R ≤0.78 mR ≥1.95 m 或R ≤0.78 m 1分。
郑州2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语答案
2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语参考答案一、选择题（1-60）：1.A2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.C8.B9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.D 26.B 27.A 28.A 29.D 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A 36.A 37.G 38.F 39.B 40.D 41.D 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.A 46.D 47.B 48.A 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.C 53.D 54.C 55.D 56.A57.B 58.A 59.D 60.C二、语言知识运用第二节（61-70）：61. successfully 62. allows 63. led 64. global 65. planned 66. agreement 67. where 68. to develop69. it 70. for三、短文改错：This summer, I visited Hangzhou, and this journey had impressed me deeply.71Being a capital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou lies in the southeast of China. There are a72. thelot of place of interest. Among them the West Lake is the best-known attraction, where water73. placesseem to melt into the sky by the distance. Besides, there are several museums locating in 74. seems 75. in/at 76. located Hangzhou that show its unique culture. What’s more, you can enjoy many kinds of deliciously77. delicious local food such as West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce and Dongpo Pork. The people there arefriendly and kind, but they are working hard ∧ make the city more beautiful.78. and 79. toWhat attractive and inviting Hangzhou is!80. How四、书面表达：One possible version:Dear Robert,I’m sorry to hear you have some trouble getting along with your friends. Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you’d better find out what got you into such a mess, and then turn to your teachers or parents for advice. Secondly, why not open your mind to communicate with your friends frankly? It shows you really cherish the friendship between you and value their viewpoints. Besides, in your daily life, it’s wise to be ready to help your friends and people around you. In this way, you can not only win back your old friends but also make some new ones.I hope my suggestions can make a difference. I’ll continue to offer help if you need. Sincerely yours,Li Hua评卷细则一、机器阅卷部分（共100分）1-20题，共20小题，每小题1.5分，共计30分（不计入总分）。
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郑州市2019年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测地理试题卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。
交卷时只交答题卡。
一、选择题：本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
周公测景台（34．5°N，113°E）是我国最早的用于观测日影的天文仪器，由表（直立的柱子）和圭（与表相连的石座）组成。
因一年中总有某一时刻太阳投射在表上时，地面上没有影子，故俗称无影台。
读二分二至日正午周公测景台光照示意图，完成1～2题。
1．一年中，周公测景台无影的时刻最有可能是北京时间A．6月22日11时32分B．6月22日12时C．6月22日12时28分D．12月22日12时2．周公测景台影长最长时A．罗马气候炎热干燥B．孟买正值雨季C．南极站科考正忙D．悉尼白昼一年中最短高台民居是我国某地古代民居建筑，就地取材，以黄粘土制作的土坯墙、土块墙为主，厚度达1米。
该建筑依山之势、傍水之边，建在高40多米、长800多米黄土高崖上。
读高台民居景观图，完成3～5题。
3．高台民居位于我国A．福建省B．安徽省C．内蒙古自治区D．新疆维吾尔自治区4．高台民居墙体厚度达1米，其主要目的是A．防风防沙B．通风防潮C．保温隔热D．防漏耐腐5．高台民居建在高台上的主要原因是A．登高望远B．防御洪水C．通风采光D．方便交通下图为祁连山地区水循环示意图，I为境外水汽输入量，P为总降水量，E为本地蒸发量，O为输出水汽总量，R为径流量。
下图为该地区由水汽输送和蒸发引起的降水分布图。
读图完成6～7题。
6．与2002年相比，2009年祁连山地区A．I一定增加B．P一定增加C．O一定减小D．R一定减小7．与2002年相比，2009年祁连山降水变化的主要原因最可能是A．输入水汽增多B．输入水汽减少C．蒸发水汽增多 D．蒸发水汽减少抛物线状沙丘是在常年单向风或几个近似方向风的作用下形成的一种风积地貌，形态特征与新月形沙丘相反，它的两个翼角（丘臂）指向上风向，迎风坡凹进，背风坡呈弧形凸出，轮廓呈抛物线状。
读库布齐沙漠南缘某抛物线形沙丘示意图，完成8～10题。
8．图示地区的主导风向是A．东风B．西风C．南风D．北风9．该抛物线形沙丘中以堆积作用为主的部位是A．甲、乙B．丙、丁C．甲、丁D．乙、丙10．抛物线形沙丘表面常有耐旱植被着生，不同部位的植被覆盖度各不相同，植被覆盖度往往与不同部位所受的外力作用密切相关。
图示沙丘植被覆盖度最低的部位最可能是A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁读世界某区域陆地自然带分布示意图，完成11～13题。
11．甲自然带对应的典型植被是A．亚热带常绿阔叶林B．温带落叶阔叶林C．温带草原D．亚寒带针叶林12．与图示自然带分布变化相似的地区是A．从连云港到乌鲁木齐B．珠穆朗玛峰南坡C．马达加斯加岛西岸D．南美洲低纬度大陆西岸13．导致甲自然带在大陆东岸分布纬度较低的主要因素是A．太阳辐射B．大气环流C．地形D．洋流读2016年江苏、河南、新疆、黑龙江四省区的人口增长数据对比示意图，完成14～16题。
14．下列序号表示江苏人口增长的是A．① B．② C．③ D．④15．近年来③地人口迁出呈下降趋势，其主要原因为A．政策限制B．产业迁入C．劳动力减少D．交通发展缓慢16．④地机械增长率较高，主要原因有A．地理位置优越 B．矿产资源丰富C．经济发达D．交通便利读1952～2005年我国棉花播种面积、产量变化图，完成17～19题。
17．与辽河流域相比，西北内陆棉花集中产区的优势条件是A．光热充足B．土壤肥沃C．劳动力丰富 D．农业技术先进18．该时段，我国棉花生产A．播种面积扩大B．播种面积持续缩小C．单位面积产量显著提高D．单位面积产量显著降低19．导致该时段我国棉花播种面积变化的主要原因是A．气候变化B．土地退化C．城市化D．市场变化“红旗河”是我国宏大的调水工程构想，它由雅鲁藏布江中游、怒江、澜沧江、金沙江、雅砻江、大渡河取水，采取山区打隧洞、平原开明渠、河道之间用水库等方式输水至我国西北缺水地区。
初步估算“红旗河”主体工程投资约为4万亿元，建设周期约为10年。
读“红旗河”重要节点海拔高度示意图，完成20～22题。
20．“红旗河”规划线路①调水量充足②取水点较少③需高寒施工④可全程自流A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④21．与坎儿井相比，“红旗河”河西走廊段拟采取长距离开挖明渠的形式，其主要目的可能是A．增加水量B．减少污染C．增加湿地D．节约成本22．工程建成后对西北地区经济建设的意义有A．提高水资源利用率B．促进农业增产C．提高环境人口容量D．缓解荒漠化进程中国汽车工业根基羸弱，依托市场换技术艰辛发展。
但在汽车玻璃领域，福建某F公司四十年来聚焦专注，成就了自身规模和技术的全球龙头地位。
读F公司发展过程简图，完成23～25题。
23．20世纪末至21世纪初，该公司在海外投资考虑的主要因素是A．资金 B．原料C．市场D．政策24．该公司在美国建厂生产可能遇到的主要问题有A．贸易壁垒加强 B．成本提高C．市场竞争激烈 D．技术革新缓慢25．近年来，该公司发展致力于A．承接海外订单 B．促进产品多元C．吸引海外投资 D．加强研发与服务二、非选择题：共50分。
26．（13分）赵述岛位于中国南海西北部，面积0．22平方公里。
200多位居民生活在岛上，缺水缺电一直是困扰岛上居民生活的主要问题。
以前靠轮船“送水”，后来用柴油机发电淡化海水，但仍未能很好解决岛上饮水问题。
2017年，江苏某公司生产的世界首台“风光储互补智能微电网海水淡化成套设备”建成运转，可日产淡水100吨，供600人一天使用，达到了国家桶装饮用水的标准，结束了当地“淡水贵如金”的历史。
该设备结合海岛特点，采用集装箱式模块化的运输和安装方式。
下图为集装箱式微电网海水淡化设备工作原理示意图。
阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。
（1）分析赵述岛淡水资源缺乏的原因。
（3分）（2）说明赵述岛引进风光储互补智能微电网海水淡化技术的理由。
（4分）（3）简述该海水淡化设备能够实现稳定供电供水的原理。
（4分）（4）简述该海水淡化设备采用集装箱式运输和安装方式的优势。
（2分）27．（13分）法国是我国葡萄酒主要进口国。
甲地（位置见左图）为法国优质葡萄主产区，为了改善该地区葡萄生长条件，夏季要适当在地面覆盖稻草，同时该地区很重视生物技术防治病虫害。
图1为2017年欧洲葡萄酒主要出口国出口量及出口额（西班牙葡萄酒出口以未装瓶的散装酒为主）示意图。
阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。
（1）评价甲地葡萄种植的气候条件。
（3分）（2）说明甲地夏季覆盖稻草的主要作用。
（3分）（3）说出西班牙葡萄酒出口的主要特征，并推测其原因。
（4分）（4）简述西班牙为提高葡萄酒在我国市场的竞争力可采取的有效措施。
（3分）28．（11分）美国加利福尼亚州山地众多，森林广布，灌木种类繁多。
“查帕拉尔”是加利福尼亚山地常见的灌木，其叶子里面含有较多的油脂和蜡。
每年秋冬季节，加州盛行“圣安娜风”，风力强劲，直达太平洋沿岸。
2018年11月，美国加州发生特大山火，造成的保险赔偿或将达到130亿美元。
为防范火灾，在20世纪初，美国森林服务部门制定“火情抑制”政策，即在发现森林火情后，必须于当天上午10点前扑灭。
但近年来，当地林业部门开始采用“受控火烧”来提高耐火森林生境的质量。
所谓受控火烧是专业人员点燃小规模的山火，火焰较低并且在地表缓慢移动。
经过受控火烧，森林冠层火灾发生概率明显降低。
下图为“圣安娜风”示意图。
阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。
（1）简要描述“圣安娜风”的形成过程。
（3分）（2）分析“圣安娜风”对此次特大山火的影响。
（4分）（3）说明美国林业部门采用“受控火烧”措施的主要原因。
（4分）29．（13分）2017年11月小兰同学随某地理探险车队开启为期4天的西部之旅。
他们从甘肃敦煌启程，驰骋2000公里，突破4000米海拔，从大漠孤烟直的西部戈壁，到藏羚羊奔跃的可可西里，沿途见证了一路令人激动万分的地理胜景（见左图）。
表1为小兰同学旅行途中的记录的一些内容，右图为东台湖畔冰上雅丹景观图。
阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。
表1（1）根据旅行地的环境特征，说明该探险车队所用车辆需要具备的主要性能。
（4分）（2）根据材料信息，请你为冷湖地区的振兴发展献计献策。
（3分）（3）推测东台湖冰上雅丹地貌的形成过程。
（3分）（4）可可西里地区自然环境恶劣，说明高原上的生态巡守者可能面临的困难。
（3分）。