土壤污染及防治(英语)

4 heavy use of pesticides
Crops from the soil to absorb pesticides accumulated in plant roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds, and endanger human and livestock health through food, feed
Currently, the uproar cancer villages. China cancer village
space distribution is very uneven, in addition to the four provinces of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia has not been
2 air pollution
Atmospheric pollution can be divided into two categories: gas pollution, such as sulfur dioxide, fluoride, ozone, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc.; aerosol pollution, such as dust, soot and other solid particles and liquid smoke, fog and other particles,wenku.baidu.comthey are by sedimentationor precipitation into the soil and cause pollution.
Third. Hazards and the status quo of the land
Hazard: 1.Soil pollution worsens already strained more shortage of arable land resources 2.Soil pollution tremendous threat to people's health 3.Soil pollution to adverse impact on agricultural development has brought great 4.Soil pollution is also an important reason to cause environmental pollution 5.Pollutants in soil pollution migration and retention, and may continue to cause land contamination 6.Soil pollution seriously jeopardize the interests of future generations, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the rural economy
6 Heavy metal elements

Heavy metal pollutants into the soil to the presence of soluble and insoluble particles, such as fluorine, mercury, cadmium, Zn, Pb, Ni such as arsenic, chromium in the soil that can be absorbed by plants and enriched.
Second. Soil pollution reasons
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 sewage for irrigation air pollution excessive application of fertilizers heavy use of pesticides solid waste of heavy metals radioactive material contamination of soil
7 Radioactive substances contaminated soil

Soil radiation contamination source of uranium and thorium mining, uranium enrichment, nuclear waste disposal, nuclear weapons explosions, nuclear experiments, coal-fired power plants, phosphate ore mining processing. Easily adsorbed by the soil, the residence time is longer.
3.Excessive application of fertilizers.
Long-term large-scale use of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, will destroy the soil structure, resulting in soil compaction, degradation of arable soil tilth shallow plowing deteriorated security fertilizer capacity decline and deterioration of the biological properties, and increase the cost of agricultural production, the impactthe crop yield and quality
What is soil pollution？ Soil pollution harmful toxic substances into the soil beyond the self-purification capacity of the soil, resulting in soil physical, chemical and biological properties change, reducing crop yields and quality, the phenomenon of harm to human health. From the perspective of environmental science to define soil pollution is the waste and toxic and hazardous substances into the soil over the soil selfpurification capacity, destruction of the state of the natural balance of the soil system completely soil quality deterioration or recession phenomenon.
2 major pollutants
1.Inorganic contaminants (such as heavy metals, acids, salts, etc.) 2.Organic pesticides (such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, etc.) 3.Organic waste (such as biodegradable or degradable organic waste, etc.) 4.Sludge, slag and fly ash, radioactive substances, parasites, pathogens
5 solid waste

Industrial waste and municipal waste soil solid contaminants. For example, a wide range of all kinds of trash generated management, recycling poor, the large amount of waste was left on the land caused by land pollution.
Environmental pollution and prevention
Crew：滕达、朱梦浩、沙科成、路飞
Environmental pollution and prevention
1
The concept of characteristics of the soil pollution
2
Soil pollution reasons
found outside the village of cancer, are distributed in 27 provinces across the country, the number of significant differences between these provinces cancer village. Number of cancer Village in Henan Province, more than 39 is the greatest. Causes, removal of part of the formation of the unexplained cancer villages, the formation of the cancer villages remaining 90% are associated with modern industrial pollution. Such factories and mines mainly include chemical plants, printing and dyeing, paper mills, pharmaceutical plants, tanneries, alcohol plants, power plants, lime kilns, where the chemical plant caused environmental pollution lead to the the cancer villages phenomenon most common.
1 sewage for irrigation
Sewage and industrial waste water, containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and many plants need nutrients, so reasonable use of Sewage Irrigation, general stimulation effect.Sewage containing heavy metals, phenols, cyanide and other toxic and hazardous substances directly used for farmland irrigation, will pollute the soil.
3
Soil pollution hazards and the status quo
4
Of soil pollution prevention and control measures
First, the concept of the characteristics of the soil pollution
3.Characteristics of land contamination
1 2 3 4 soil pollution has hidden and lag Accumulation of soil pollution soil pollution irreversible soil pollution refractory rational