哈工大机械原理连杆大作业示范
哈工大机械原理大作业1-16
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业设计说明书(一)课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆运动分析(16)院系:能源科学与工程学院班级:1102201设计者:学号:指导教师:赵永强唐德威设计时间:2013年6月8 日哈尔滨工业大学1 连杆机构运动分析题目16:如图所示机构,已知机构各构件的尺寸为AC l =CE l =100mm ,BC l =CD l =200mm ,90BCD ∠=,构件1的角速度为10/rad s ,试求构件5的角位移、角速度和角加速度,并对计算结果进行分析。
2 分析过程2.1 建立坐标系建立以点E 为原点的固定平面直角坐标系x-E-y,如图所示:图2 机构坐标系2.2结构分析将构件BCD 分为杆3和杆4。
该机构由2个Ⅰ级杆组RR (杆1和杆5)和两个Ⅱ级杆组RRP (杆3、杆4和滑块B 、D )。
其中原动件为杆1。
现将杆组分为如下两部分:图1 机构运动简图RRPRR图3 各级杆组2.3 建立数学模型2.3.1构件1、2、3的分析原动件杆1的转角:1θ=0—360。
原动件杆1的角速度:1ω=.1θ=10/rad s原动件杆1的角加速度:..1αθ==0运动副A 的坐标:0200A A x y mm =⎫⎬=⎭运动副A 的速度及加速度都为零。
构件1为BC (RRP Ⅱ级杆组)上滑块B 的导路 滑块B 的位置为:132cos cos B A C x x s x l θθ=+=+ 132sin sin B A C y y s x l θθ=+=+消去s,得:212arcsinA l θθ=+式中:011()sin ()cos C A C A A x x y y θθ=---构件3的角速度i ω和滑块B 沿导路的移动速度D υ:.211213(Q sin Q cos )/Q ωϕθθ==-+ 1322323(Q cos Q sin )/Q D s l l υθθ⋅==-+式中:..11111211321212Q sin ;Q cos ;Q sin sin cos sin l l l θθθθθθθθ=-==+构件3的角加速度和滑块B 沿导路移动的加速度:..241513(Q sin Q cos )/Q αθθθ==-+..4325323(Q cos Q sin )/Q B s l l υθθ==-+式中:122......21142211111Q cos sin cos 2sin l l l s θθθθθθθθ=---- 122......21152211111Q sin cos sin 2cos l l l s θθθθθθθθ=+-+2.3.2 构件3,4,5的分析构件3,4,5,由1个Ⅰ级基本杆组和一个RRP Ⅱ级杆组组成,与构件1,2,3结构相同,只运动分析过程与其相反。
哈尔滨工业大学机械原理大作业-连杆机构运动分析
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%打印图像
figure(1);
plot(fi1,sF);
title('位移变化曲线');
figure(2);
plot(fi1,vF);
title('速度变化曲线');
figure(3);
plot(fi1,aF);
title('加速度变化曲线');
六、计算结果
图8:推杆位移变化曲线
图9:推杆速度变化曲线
xD=400;yD=500;vDx=0;vDy=0;aDx=0;aDy=0;
xK=0;yK=600;vKx=0;vKy=0;aKx=0;aKy=0;
l1=150;l2=600;l3=500;lBE=480;l4=600;
fi5=pi;
n1=50;
w1=2*pi*n1/60;
fi1=linspace(0,2*pi,1000);
aEy(i)=aBy(i)-w2(i)^2*lBE*sin(fi2(i))+a2(i)*lBE*cos(fi2(i));
%求F点的运动参数
A1(i)=(yE(i)-yK)*cos(fi5)-(xE(i)-xK)*sin(fi5);
fi4(i)=fi5-asin(A1(i)/l4);
xF(i)=xE(i)+l4*cos(fi4(i));
(2)速度和加速度分析
B点的速度
B点的加速度
2、由“RRRⅡ级杆组”,已知B点和D点的运动参数,可求得构件2、构件3的运动参数
图5
D点的坐标方程
D点的速度
D点的加速度
(1)位置方程
构件2、构件3的长度
先求出 和
其中
则可求得
哈工大机械原理大作业——连杆机构运动分析16___2014
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业——连杆机构运动分析课程名称:机械原理院系:能源科学与工程学院班级:完成者:学号:题号: 16任课教师:丁刚完成内容:在完成题目计算要求的同时,扩展了内容,程序为该结构的通用程序,可解决机构在不同条件下的运动情况,文本最末为几种情况的分析哈尔滨工业大学16、如图所示机构,已知机构各构件的尺寸为,试求构件5的角位移、角速度和角加速度,并对计算结构进行分析。
(1)、结构分析从侧面看原机构为此机构分为级杆组(原动件1),级杆组RRP(2号套筒、3号杆),级杆组RRP(4号套筒、5号杆)(2)、建立坐标系(3)、各个杆组的运动分析采用逆推法,从RRP杆组(4号套筒、5号杆)开始分析已知,,,,现在假定已知,,其中,,,即消去,可得可求得,也可以通过书上3-23式求得通过正弦定理可求得再来看看角速度关系对于加速度,有如下关系其中到此4、5杆就分析完毕了,别忘记之前的假设,我假设了已知,,为求,,,现在来分析RRP杆组(2号套筒、3号杆)已知,,,已知,,,,其中,,,即消去,可得反解,即可求得,也可以通过书上3-23式求得通过正弦定理可求得继续,我们来看看角速度关系对于加速度,有如下关系其中现在,只需将所求得的,,和,,关联起来这是同一根杆,,,现在来看,,,由题目得,,和是未知的,但不影响整体,不然给一个初值,,当然,这是可以随意更改的。
基于以上的基本原理,matlab R2012b程序如下syms theta theta1 theta2 lamuda lamuda1 lamuda2 sigma sigma1 sigma2 beta beta1 beta2 l1 l11 l2 l21 t output itheta1=10;theta2=0;i=0;for theta3=60:420theta=theta3/180*pi;beta=asin((100/200)*sin(theta))+theta;l1=0.2*sin(beta)/sin(theta);beta1=(-theta1*(l1*sin(theta))*sin(theta)+theta1*(l1*cos(theta))*cos(theta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*sin(b eta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));l11=-(theta1*(l1*sin(theta))*l1*cos(beta)+theta1*(l1*cos(theta))*l1*sin(beta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*si n(beta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));C=(theta1^2)*0.2*cos(beta)-theta2*l1*sin(theta)-(theta1^2)*l1*cos(theta)-2*l11*theta1*sin(theta) ;D=(theta1^2)*0.2*cos(beta)+theta2*l1*sin(theta)-(theta1^2)*l1*cos(theta)+2*l11*theta1*sin(thet a);beta2=(-C*sin(theta)+D*cos(theta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*sin(beta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));lamuda=beta-pi/2;lamuda1=beta1;lamuda2=beta2;sigma=asin((100/200)*sin(lamuda))+lamuda;l2=0.2*sin(sigma)/sin(lamuda);sigma1=(-lamuda1*(l2*sin(lamuda))*sin(lamuda)+lamuda1*(l2*cos(lamuda))*cos(lamuda))/(0.2 *(sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma)));l21=-(lamuda1*(l2*sin(lamuda))*l2*cos(sigma)+lamuda1*(l2*cos(lamuda))*l2*sin(sigma))/(0.2* (sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma)));A=(lamuda1^2)*0.2*cos(sigma)-lamuda2*l2*sin(lamuda)-(lamuda1^2)*l2*cos(lamuda)-2*l21*la muda1*sin(lamuda);B=(lamuda1^2)*0.2*cos(sigma)+lamuda2*l2*sin(lamuda)-(lamuda1^2)*l2*cos(lamuda)+2*l21*l amuda1*sin(lamuda);sigma2=(-A*sin(lamuda)+B*cos(lamuda))/(0.2*(sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma )));i=i+1;output(i,1)=fix(theta/pi*180);output(i,2)=fix(sigma/pi*180);output(i,3)=fix(sigma1);output(i,4)=fix(sigma2);endoutputa=output(:,1);b=output(:,2);c=output(:,3);d=output(:,4);h1=plot(a,b);hold on;h2=plot(a,c);hold on;h3=plot(a,d);hold on;set(h1,'color',[1 0 0],'linewidth',2);set(h2,'color',[0 1 1],'linewidth',1);set(h3,'color',[0 0 1],'linewidth',2);m=legend('角位移','角速度','角加速度');x label('θ');title('平面连杆机构运动分析');figure;h1=plot(a,b);hold on;x label('θ');ylabel('角位移');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角位移图');figure;h2=plot(a,c);hold on;x label('θ');ylabel('角速度');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角速度图'); figure;h3=plot(a,d);hold on;x label('θ');ylabel('角加速度');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角加速度图');汇总图各自的图像结果分析,上面的图形只是在一个初值,的条件下得出的,为了能解决所有问题,修改程序如下syms theta theta1 theta2 lamuda lamuda1 lamuda2 sigma sigma1 sigma2 beta beta1 beta2 l1 l11 l2 l21 t output iprompt={'输入:', '输入' ,'输入' };%设置提示字符串name='输入初值';%设置标题 numlines=1;%指定输入数据的行数 defAns={'60','10','0'};%设定默认值 Resize='on';%设定对话框尺寸可调节answer=inputdlg(prompt,name,numlines,defAns,'on');%创建输入对话框 h= str2num(answer{1}); theta1= str2num(answer{2}); theta2= str2num(answer{3}); i=0;for theta3=h:(360+h) theta=theta3/180*pi;beta=asin((100/200)*sin(theta))+theta; l1=0.2*sin(beta)/sin(theta);beta1=(-theta1*(l1*sin(theta))*sin(theta)+theta1*(l1*cos(theta))*cos(theta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*sin(b eta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));l11=-(theta1*(l1*sin(theta))*l1*cos(beta)+theta1*(l1*cos(theta))*l1*sin(beta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*si n(beta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));C=(theta1^2)*0.2*cos(beta)-theta2*l1*sin(theta)-(theta1^2)*l1*cos(theta)-2*l11*theta1*sin(theta) ;D=(theta1^2)*0.2*cos(beta)+theta2*l1*sin(theta)-(theta1^2)*l1*cos(theta)+2*l11*theta1*sin(thet a);beta2=(-C*sin(theta)+D*cos(theta))/(0.2*(sin(theta)*sin(beta)+cos(theta)*cos(beta)));lamuda=beta-pi/2;lamuda1=beta1;lamuda2=beta2;sigma=asin((100/200)*sin(lamuda))+lamuda;l2=0.2*sin(sigma)/sin(lamuda);sigma1=(-lamuda1*(l2*sin(lamuda))*sin(lamuda)+lamuda1*(l2*cos(lamuda))*cos(lamuda))/(0.2 *(sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma)));l21=-(lamuda1*(l2*sin(lamuda))*l2*cos(sigma)+lamuda1*(l2*cos(lamuda))*l2*sin(sigma))/(0.2* (sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma)));A=(lamuda1^2)*0.2*cos(sigma)-lamuda2*l2*sin(lamuda)-(lamuda1^2)*l2*cos(lamuda)-2*l21*la muda1*sin(lamuda);B=(lamuda1^2)*0.2*cos(sigma)+lamuda2*l2*sin(lamuda)-(lamuda1^2)*l2*cos(lamuda)+2*l21*l amuda1*sin(lamuda);sigma2=(-A*sin(lamuda)+B*cos(lamuda))/(0.2*(sin(lamuda)*sin(sigma)+cos(lamuda)*cos(sigma )));i=i+1;output(i,1)=fix(theta/pi*180);output(i,2)=fix(sigma/pi*180);output(i,3)=fix(sigma1);output(i,4)=fix(sigma2);endoutputa=output(:,1);b=output(:,2);c=output(:,3);d=output(:,4);h1=plot(a,b);hold on;h2=plot(a,c);hold on;h3=plot(a,d);hold on;set(h1,'color',[1 0 0],'linewidth',2);set(h2,'color',[0 1 1],'linewidth',1);set(h3,'color',[0 0 1],'linewidth',2);m=legend('角位移','角速度','角加速度');x label('θ');title('平面连杆机构运动分析');figure;h1=plot(a,b);hold on;xlabel('θ');y label('角位移');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角位移图');figure;h2=plot(a,c);hold on;xlabel('θ');y label('角速度');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角速度图');figure;h3=plot(a,d);hol d on;xlabel('θ');y label('角加速度');title('平面连杆机构运动角度——角加速度图');这样,在运行程序时就会弹出一个如下图所示的对话框,可以任意给定初值,解决不同问题。
哈工大机械原理大作业
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H a r b i n I n s t i t u t e o f T e c h n o l o g y机械原理大作业一课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆机构运动分析院系:机电学院班级: 1208105分析者:殷琪学号:指导教师:丁刚设计时间:哈尔滨工业大学设计说明书1 、题目如图所示机构,一只机构各构件的尺寸为AB=100mm,BC=4.28AB,CE=4.86AB,BE=8.4AB,CD=2.14AB,AD=4.55AB,AF=7AB,DF=3.32AB,∠BCE=139?。
构件1的角速度为ω1=10rad/s,试求构件2上点E的轨迹及构件5的角位移、角速度和角加速度,并对计算结果进行分析。
2、机构结构分析该机构由6个构件组成,4和5之间通过移动副连接,其他各构件之间通过转动副连接,主动件为杆1,杆2、3、4、5为从动件,2和3组成Ⅱ级RRR基本杆组,4和5组成Ⅱ级RPR 基本杆组。
如图建立坐标系3、各基本杆组的运动分析数学模型1) 位置分析2) 速度和加速度分析 将上式对时间t 求导,可得速度方程:将上式对时间t 求导,可得加速度方程:RRR Ⅱ级杆组的运动分析如下图所示 当已知RRR 杆组中两杆长L BC 、L CD 和两外副B 、D 的位置和运动时,求内副C的位置、两杆的角位置、角运动以及E 点的运动。
1) 位置方程由移项消去j ϕ后可求得i ϕ:式中,可求得j ϕ:E 点坐标方程:其中2) 速度方程两杆角速度方程为式中,点E 速度方程为3) 加速度方程两杆角加速度为式中,点E 加速度方程为RPR Ⅱ级杆组的运动分析(1) 位移方程(2)速度方程其中(3)加速度方程4、 计算编程利用MATLAB 软件进行编程,程序如下:% 点B 和AB 杆运动状态分析>>r=pi/180;w 1=10;e 1=0;l 1=100;Xa=0;Ya=0;Vax=0;Vay=0;aax=0;aay=0;f1=0:1: 360;% B 点位置Xb=Xa+l1*cos(r*f1);Yb=Ya+l1*sin(r*f1);% B点速度Vbx=Vax-w1*l1*sin(r*f1);Vby=Vay+w1*l1*cos(r*f1);% B点加速度abx=aax-l1*w1.^2.*cos(r*f1);aby=aay-l1*w1.^2.*sin(r*f1);% RRR2级杆组运动分析% 输入D点参数l2=428;l3=214;Xd=455;Yd=0;Vdx=0;Vdy=0;adx=0;ady=0;% 计算E点、2杆、3杆运动参数lbe=840;lce=486;a0=2*l2*(Xd-Xb);b0=2*l2*(Yd-Yb);c0=l2^2+(Xb-Xd).^2+(Yb-Yd).^2-l3^2;f2=2*atan((b0+sqrt(a0.^2+b0.^2-c0.^2))./(a0+c0)); % C点位置Xc=Xb+l2*cos(f2);Yc=Yb+l2*sin(f2);% 2杆、3杆运动参数计算dX=Xc-Xd;dY=Yc-Yd;for n=1:length(dX)if dX(n)>0&dY(n)>=0f3(n)=atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)==0&dY(n)>0f3(n)=pi/2;elseif dX(n)<0&dY(n)>=0f3(n)=pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)<0&dY(n)<0f3(n)=pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)==0&dY(n)<0f3(n)=1.5*pi;elseif dX(n)>0&dY(n)<0f3(n)=2*pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));endendC2=l2*cos(f2);C3=l3*cos(f3);S2=l2*sin(f2);S3=l3*sin(f3);G1=C2.*S3-C3.*S2;w2=(C3.*(Vdx-Vbx)+S3.*(Vdy-Vby))./G1;w3=(C2.*(Vdx-Vbx)+S2.*(Vdy-Vby))./G1;G2=adx-abx+(w2.^2).*C2-(w3.^2).*C3;G3=ady-aby+(w2.^2).*S2-(w3.^2).*S3;e2=(G2.*C3+G3.*S3)./G1;% E点位置w=acos((l2^2+lbe^2-lce^2)/(2*l2*lbe));Xe=Xb+lbe*cos(f2-w);Ye=Yb+lbe*sin(f2-w);Vex=Vbx-lbe*w2.*sin(f2-w);Vey=Vby+lbe*w2.*cos(f2-w);aex=abx-lbe*(e2.*sin(f2-w)+w2.^2.*cos(f2-w));aey=aby+lbe*(e2.*cos(f2-w)-w2.^2.*sin(f2-w));% 计算杆5运动参数Xf=646.2912088;Yf=-268.9008617;l5=sqrt((Xe-Xf).^2+(Ye-Yf).^2);dX=Xe-Xf;dY=Ye-Yf;for n=1:length(dX)if dX(n)>0&dY(n)>=0f5(n)=atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)==0&dY(n)>0f5(n)=pi/2;elseif dX(n)<0&dY(n)>=0f5(n)=pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)<0&dY(n)<0f5(n)=pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));elseif dX(n)==0&dY(n)<0f5(n)=1.5*pi;elseif dX(n)>0&dY(n)<0f5(n)=2*pi+atan(dY(n)/dX(n));endendw5=(-Vex.*sin(f5)+Vey.*cos(f5))./l5;a5=(-aex.*sin(f5)+aey.*cos(f5))./l5;% 画出各参数曲线figure(1);plot(Xe,Ye,'k');xlabel('Xe/\mm');ylabel('Ye/mm');grid on;title('E点位置');figure(2);plot(f1,f5,'k');xlabel('f/\circ');ylabel('f5/\circ');grid on;title('5杆角位移');figure(3);plot(f1,w5,'k');xlabel('f/\circ');ylabel('w5/rad/s');grid on;title('5杆角速度');figure(4);plot(f1,a5,'k');xlabel('f/\circ');ylabel('a5/rad/s2');gridon;title('5杆角加速度');Warning: Unable to interpret TeX string "Xe/\mm"5、计算结果图一:E点的运动轨迹图二:5杆角位移图三:5杆角速度图四:5杆角加速度6、计算结果分析由E点位置图像可看出,构件4做周期往复运动,由图二、三、四可看出,构件5的角位移、角速度、角加速度均成周期性变化。
哈工大机械原理大作业连杆
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业一课程名称: 机械原理 设计题目: 连杆机构运动分析 院 系: 机电工程学院 班 级: 设 计 者: 学 号: 指导教师: 设计时间:1.运动分析题目(11)在图所示的六杆机构中,已知:AB l =150mm, AC l =550mm, BD l =80mm, DE l =500mm,曲柄以等角速度1w =10rad/s 沿逆时针方向回转,求构件3的角速度、角加速度和构件5的位移、速度、加速度。
2.机构的结构分析2.1建立以点A 为原点的固定平面直角坐标系A-x, y,如下图: 2.2机构结构分析该机构由Ⅰ级杆组RR (原动件1)、Ⅱ级杆组RPR (杆2及滑块3)和Ⅱ级杆组RRP (杆4及滑块5)组成。
3.建立组成机构的各基本杆组的运动分析数学模型3.1原动件1(Ⅰ级杆组RR )由图所示,原动件杆1的转角a=0-360°,角速度1w =10rad/s ,角加速度1a =0,运动副A 的位置坐标A x =A y =0,速度(A ,A),加速度(A ,A ),原动件1的长度AB l =150mm 。
求出运动副B 的位置坐标(B x , B y )、速度(B ,B )和加速度(B ,B )。
3.2杆2、滑块3杆组(RPR Ⅱ级杆组)已出运动副B 的位置(B x , B y )、速度(B ,B )和加速度(B ,B ),已知运动副C 的位置坐标C x =0, C y =550mm,速度,加速度,杆长AC l =550mm 。
求出构件2的转角b,角速度2w 和角加速度2a . 3.3构件二上点D 的运动已知运动副B 的位置(B x , B y )、速度(B ,B )、加速度(B ,B ),已经求出构件2的转角b ,角速度2w 和角加速度2a ,杆BD 的长度BD l =80mm 。
根据Ⅰ级杆组RR 的运动分析数学模型求出点D 的位置坐标(D x ,D y )、速度(D ,D )和加速度(D ,D )。
哈工大机械原理大作业连杆
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哈工大机械原理大作业-连杆连杆是机械原理中常见的机构之一,也是机械工程中非常重要的部件。
它由两个旋转接头和一个连接两个旋转接头的杆件组成。
连杆广泛应用于各种机械设备中,如汽车发动机、泵、机床等。
本文将介绍连杆的工作原理、应用以及设计要点。
连杆的工作原理是将旋转运动转化为直线运动或将直线运动转化为旋转运动。
它通过两个旋转接头的运动将杆件上的一个点的运动转化为另一个点的运动。
连杆的运动有两种基本形式:一是曲柄连杆机构,二是摇杆连杆机构。
曲柄连杆机构中,一个旋转接头为曲柄,另一个旋转接头为连杆;摇杆连杆机构中,一个旋转接头为摇杆,另一个旋转接头为连杆。
连杆广泛应用于各种机械设备中。
在汽车发动机中,连杆将曲轴的旋转运动转化为活塞的直线运动,从而驱动汽缸的工作;在泵中,连杆将电机的旋转运动转化为柱塞的直线运动,从而产生压力;在机床中,连杆将电机的旋转运动转化为工作台的直线运动,从而实现加工。
设计连杆时需要考虑一些要点。
首先是连杆的材料选择和尺寸设计。
连杆需要承受较大的力和扭矩,因此需要选择具有较高强度和刚度的材料。
同时,根据应用需求和力学原理,设计连杆的尺寸,以确保其能够承受正常工作条件下的负荷。
其次是连杆的润滑和密封。
连杆在工作过程中需要润滑剂来减少摩擦和磨损,同时需要密封装置来防止润滑剂泄漏。
因此,设计连杆时需要考虑润滑剂的供给和密封装置的设计。
最后是连杆的制造和装配。
连杆的制造需要保证其精度和质量,以确保其运转平稳和可靠。
在装配过程中,需要按照设计要求进行装配,同时进行必要的调试和检测,以确保连杆的工作性能符合要求。
总之,连杆是机械工程中非常重要的部件,广泛应用于各种机械设备中。
设计和制造连杆需要考虑材料选择、尺寸设计、润滑和密封以及制造和装配等方面的要点。
通过合理的设计和制造,可以确保连杆的工作性能和可靠性,从而提高机械设备的工作效率和寿命。
哈工大机械原理连杆和凸轮大作业24题
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班级学号机械原理大作业说明书题目 1、连杆机构运动分析2、凸轮机构设计学生姓名1连杆机构运动分析1.设计题目:一、先建立如下坐标系:二、划分杆组如下,进行结构分析:该机构由I级杆组RR(如图1)、II级杆组RPR(如图2、3)和II级杆组RRP(如图4)组成。
(1)(2)(3)(4)三、运动分析数学模型:(1)同一构件上点的运动分析:如右图所示的原动件1,已知杆1的角速度=10/rad s ω,杆长1l =170mm,A y =0,A x =110mm 。
可求得下图中B 点的位置B x 、B y ,速度xB v 、yB v ,加速度xB a 、yB a 。
θcos 1l xB =,θsin 1l yB =θωυsin 1l xB -=,θωυcos 1l yB =,222B2==-cos =-BxB i d x a l x dt ωϕω2222==-sin =-B yB i B d y a l y dtωϕω。
(2)RPRII 级杆组的运动分析:a. 如右图所示是由2个回转副和1个移动副组成的II 级组。
已知两个外运动副C 、B 的位置(B x 、B y 、c x =110mm 、C y =0)、速度(xB υ,yB υ,xC υ=0,yC υ=0)和加速度(0,0,,==yC xC yB xB a a a a )。
可确定下图中D 点的位置、速度和加速度。
确定构件3的角位移1ϕ、角速度1ω、角加速度1α。
1sin 31..ϕϕl x dt dx C B -= 1s i n 131c o s 13.....2ϕϕϕϕl l x dt x d C B --= 1cos 31..ϕϕl y dt dy C B += 1c o s 131s i n 13.....2ϕϕϕϕl l y dty d C B +-= 根据关系:1111d 122..11.αϕϕωϕϕ====dtd dt , 故可得出: D x =)1cos(4βϕ++l x CD y =)1sin(4βϕ++l y Cb. 如右图所示是由2个回转副和1个移动副组成的II级组。
哈工大-机械原理大作业-连杆机构运动分析
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机械原理大作业(一)作业名称:连杆机构运动分析设计题目: 20院系:英才学院班级: XXXXXXX设计者:邵广斌学号: XXXXXXXXXX指导教师:林琳设计时间: 2013年05月19日哈尔滨工业大学机械设计1.运动分析题目如图所示机构,已知机构各构件的尺寸为150AB mm =,97β=︒,400BC mm =,300CD mm =,320AD mm =,100BE mm =,230EF mm =,400FG mm =,构件1的角速度为110/rad s ω=,试求构件2上点F 的轨迹及构件5上点G 的位移、速度和加速度,并对计算结果进行分析。
2. 机构分析该机构由原动件AB (Ⅰ级杆组)、BCD (RRR Ⅱ级杆组)和FG (RRP Ⅱ级杆组)组成。
3. 建立坐标系如图3,建立以定点A 为原点的平面直角坐标系A-xy 。
图1 运动机构结构图4. 运动分析数学模型4.1 原动件AB原动件AB 的转角: 10~2ψπ= 原动件AB 的角速度:110/rad s ω=原动件AB 的角加速度: 10α= 运动副A 的位置坐标: 0A x = 0A y =运动副A 的速度: 0xA v = 0yA v = 运动副A 的加速度: 0xA a = 0yA a =原动件AB 长度:150AB l mm =运动副B 的位置坐标: 1B A AB x x l cos ψ=+1B A AB y x l sin ψ=+运动副B 的速度: 11 xB xA AB v v l sin ωψ=-11 yB yA AB v v l cos ωψ=+运动副B 的加速度: 2 1111 xBxA AB AB a a l cos l sin ωψαψ=--21111yB yA AB AB a a l sin l cos ωψαψ=-+4.2 RRR Ⅱ级杆组BCD运动副D 的位置坐标: 320D x mm = 0D y = 运动副D 的速度: 0xD v = 0yD v = 运动副D 的加速度: 0xD a = 0yD a = 杆BC 长度: 400BC l mm = 杆CD 长度:300CD l mm =BC 相对于x 轴转角:200ψ=其中02BC D B A l x x =-() 0 2 BC D B B l y y =-()2220B B C C l C l D l D =+- 222())(BDD B D B l x x y y =-+- CD 相对于x 轴转角: 3C DC Dy y arctanx x ψ-=-求导可得BC 角速度2ω、角加速度2α以及CD 角速度3ω、角加速度3α。
哈工大机械原理大作业连杆机构运动分析29
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机械原理大作业一课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆机构运动分析-29院系:机电工程学院班级:设计者:学号:指导教师:设计时间:哈尔滨工业大学一、设计题目(29)二、VB编程得到动画、轨迹、位移、速度、加速度线图1.用VB编写程序得到的机构动画2.构件2上的E点轨迹4.构件7的速度线图三、计算说明书(一)建立机构运动分析数学模型对机构进行结构分析,找出基本杆组1.基本杆组划分a)杆件1为原动件b)构件2、3为RRR型II级杆组c)构件4、5为RRR型II级杆组d)构件6、7为RRP型II级杆组2.结构分析与自由度计算机构为平面连杆机构,活动构件数n=7,L P =10,转动副为9个,移动副为1个,高副为0个,则机构自由度为F=3n-2P L -P H =3x7-2x10=1。
各基本杆组的运动分析数学模型1.原动件(I 级构件)图1(1)位置分析B 点位置方程cos sin B A i iBA i i x x l y y l ϕϕ=+⎧⎨=+⎩ (1-1)(2)速度分析把(1-1)对时间t 求导得B 速度方程sin cos B B A i i i BB A i i i dx x x l dt dy y y l dt ϕϕϕϕ⎫==-⎪⎪⎬⎪==+⎪⎭g g g g g g (1-2)(3)加速度分析把(2-2)对时间他求导得B 加速度方程222222cos sin sin cos B B A i i i i i i BB A i i i i i i d x x x l l dt d y y y l l dt ϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕ⎫==--⎪⎪⎬⎪==-+⎪⎭g g g g g g g g g g g g g g (1-3) 上式中 i i d dt ϕϕω==g22i i d dtϕϕα==g g 2. RRR 杆组的运动分析3.RRP杆组的运动分析图2(1) 位置分析内运动副C 的位置方程cos cos sin sin sin cos C B i i K j j jCB i i K j j j x x l x s l y y l y s l ϕϕϕϕϕϕ=+=+-⎧⎪⎨=+=++⎪⎩ (2-1)i l 的转角 0arcsin()ji j iA l l ϕϕ+=+ (2-2)式中0()sin ()cos B k j B K j A x x y y ϕϕ=---满足装配条件0j i A l l +≤ 滑块D 相对参考点K 的位移为sin cos cos sin C k j jC K j jjjx x l y y l s ϕϕϕϕ-+--==(2-3)滑块D 的位置方程 cos sin D K iD K ix x s y y s ϕϕ=+⎧⎨=+⎩ (2-4)(2) 速度分析杆i l 的角速度123sin cos j ji i Q Q Q ϕϕωϕ-+==g(2-5)滑块D 沿导路的移动速度 123cos sin i i i iQ l Q l s Q ϕϕ-+=g(2-6)式中1(sin cos )K B j j j j Q x x s l ϕϕϕ=--+ggg2(cos sin )K B j j j j Q y y s l ϕϕϕ=-+-g g g3sin sin cos cos i i j i i j Q l l ϕϕϕϕ=+内运动副C 的速度为sin cos C B i i iC B i i ix x l y y l ϕϕϕϕ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=+⎩gg gg g g (2-7)外移动副D 的速度为cos sin sin cos D K i j jD K i j j x x s s y y s s ϕϕϕϕϕϕ⎧=+-⎪⎨⎪=++⎩gg g g g g g g(2-8) (3) 加速度分析 杆i l 的角加速度453sin s j ji i Q Q co Q ϕϕεϕ-+==g g(2-9)滑块D 沿导路移动的加速度为453cos sin i i i i Q l Q l s Q ϕϕ--=g g (2-10) 式中224cos (sin cos )(cos sin )2sin K B i i i j j j j j j j j j j Q x x l s l s l s ϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕ=-+-+---g g g g g g g g g g225sin (cos sin )(sin cos )2cos K B i i i j j j j j j j j j j Q y y l s l s l s ϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕ=-++--++g g g g g g g g g g内运动副C 的加速度22cos sin sin cos C B i i i j i j C B i i i j i jx x l l y y l l ϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕ⎧=--⎪⎨⎪=-+⎩g gg g g g g g gg g g g g(2-11) 滑块D 的加速度22cos sin cos 2sin sin cos sin 2cos D K j j j j j j jD K j j j j j j jx x s s s s y y s s s s ϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕϕ⎧=+---⎪⎨⎪=++-+⎩g g g g g g g g g g gg g g g g g g gg g g(2-12) 以上为基本杆组的通用分析,根据已知条件进行赋值均在程序中体现(二) 计算流程框图(见下页)(三)VB编写程序清单'定义变量Dim xA As Double 'A点的坐标、速度、加速度Dim yA As DoubleDim vxA As DoubleDim vyA As DoubleDim axA As DoubleDim ayA As DoubleDim xB As Double 'B点Dim yB As DoubleDim vxB As DoubleDim vyB As DoubleDim axB As DoubleDim ayB As DoubleDim xD As Double 'D点Dim yD As DoubleDim vxD As DoubleDim vyD As DoubleDim axD As DoubleDim ayD As DoubleDim xE As Double 'E点Dim yE As DoubleDim vxE As DoubleDim vyE As DoubleDim axE As DoubleDim ayE As DoubleDim xG As Double 'G点Dim yG As DoubleDim vxG As DoubleDim vyG As DoubleDim axG As DoubleDim ayG As DoubleDim xH As Double 'H点Dim yH As DoubleDim vxH As DoubleDim vyH As DoubleDim axH As DoubleDim ayH As DoubleDim xM As Double 'M点Dim yM As DoubleDim vxM As DoubleDim vyM As DoubleDim axM As DoubleDim xN As Double '参考点NDim yN As DoubleDim vxN As DoubleDim vyN As DoubleDim axN As DoubleDim ayN As DoubleDim xK As Double 'K点Dim yK As DoubleDim vxK As DoubleDim vyK As DoubleDim axK As DoubleDim ayK As DoubleDim delt1 As Double 'AB杆初始转角Dim L1 As Double 'AB杆长Dim f1 As Double 'AB杆转角Dim w1 As Double 'AB杆角速度Dim e1 As Double 'AB杆角加速度Dim L2 As Double 'BC杆Dim f2 As DoubleDim w2 As DoubleDim e2 As DoubleDim L3 As Double 'CD杆Dim f3 As DoubleDim w3 As DoubleDim e3 As DoubleDim LBE As Double 'BE杆Dim delt2 As DoubleDim L4 As Double 'EF杆Dim f4 As DoubleDim w4 As DoubleDim e4 As DoubleDim LFG As Double 'FG杆Dim f5 As DoubleDim w5 As DoubleDim e5 As DoubleDim deltGH As Double 'GH杆Dim LGH As DoubleDim L6 As Double 'HM(HK)杆Dim f6 As DoubleDim w6 As DoubleDim e6 As DoubleDim Lj As Double 'MK杆Dim wj As DoubleDim ej As DoubleDim ss As Double '移动副K的位移Dim vss As Double '移动副K的速度Dim ass As Double '移动副K的加速度Dim pi As DoubleDim pa As DoubleDim i As DoubleDim fj1 As DoublePrivate Sub Command1_Click() '点E的轨迹Picture1.Scale (-50, 250)-(600, -100)Picture1.Line (-50, 0)-(600, 0) 'XPicture1.Line (0, 250)-(0, -100) 'YFor i = -50 To 600 Step 50 'X轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (i, 250)-(i, -100)Picture1.CurrentX = i - 0: Picture1.CurrentY = 0 Picture1.Print iNext iFor i = -100 To 250 Step 50 'Y轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (-50, i)-(600, i)Picture1.CurrentX = -20: Picture1.CurrentY = i + 7 Picture1.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01f1 = fj1 * paCall RR1Call RRR1Call RR2Picture1.PSet (xE, yE)Next fj1End SubPrivate Sub Command2_Click() '求点G的位移Picture2.Scale (-20, 300)-(380, 200)Picture2.Line (-20, 0)-(380, 0) 'XPicture2.Line (0, 300)-(0, 200) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 30 'X轴坐标Picture2.DrawStyle = 2Picture2.Line (i, 300)-(i, 0)Picture2.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture2.CurrentY = 0Picture2.Print iNext iFor i = 200 To 300 Step 10 'Y轴坐标Picture2.Line (0, i)-(380, i)Picture2.CurrentX = -25: Picture2.CurrentY = i Picture2.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01f1 = fj1 * paCall RR1Call RRR1Call RR2Call RRR2Call RR3Call RRP1Picture2.PSet (fj1, ss)Next fj1End SubPrivate Sub Command3_Click() '求点G的速度Picture3.Scale (-30, 600)-(380, -600)Picture3.Line (-30, 0)-(380, 0) 'XPicture3.Line (0, 600)-(0, -600) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 30 'X轴坐标Picture3.DrawStyle = 2Picture3.Line (i, 600)-(i, -600)Picture3.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture3.CurrentY = 0 Picture3.Print iNext iFor i = -600 To 600 Step 50 'Y轴坐标Picture3.Line (0, i)-(380, i)Picture3.CurrentX = -28: Picture3.CurrentY = i Picture3.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01f1 = fj1 * paCall RR1Call RRR1Call RR2Call RRR2Call RR3Call RRP1Picture3.PSet (fj1, vss)Next fj1End SubPrivate Sub Command4_Click() '求点G的加速度Picture4.Scale (-20, 20000)-(380, -10000)Picture4.Line (-20, 0)-(380, 0) 'XPicture4.Line (0, 20000)-(0, -10000) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 30 'X轴坐标Picture4.DrawStyle = 2Picture4.Line (i, 20000)-(i, -10000)Picture4.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture4.CurrentY = 0 Picture4.Print iNext iFor i = -10000 To 20000 Step 1000 'Y轴坐标Picture4.Line (0, i)-(380, i)Picture4.CurrentX = -25: Picture4.CurrentY = i + 5 Picture4.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01f1 = fj1 * paCall RR1Call RRR1Call RR2Call RRR2Call RR3Call RRP1Picture4.PSet (fj1, ass)Next fj1End SubPrivate Sub Form_Load() '赋初值xA = 0yA = 0vxA = 0vyA = 0axA = 0ayA = 0xD = 730yD = -138vxD = 0vyD = 0axD = 0ayD = 0xG = 465yG = -248vxG = 0vyG = 0axG = 0ayG = 0xN = 545yN = 0vxN = 0vyN = 0axN = 0ayN = 0delt1 = 0L1 = 200w1 = 10e1 = 0L2 = 670L3 = 350delt2 = 0LBE = 335L4 = 380LFG = 130deltGH = 56 * paLGH = 100L6 = 486Lj = 0fj = pi / 2wj = 0ej = 0pi = 3.14pa = pi / 180End SubPublic Sub RR1() '杆ABxB = xA + L1 * Cos(f1 + delt1)yB = yA + L1 * Sin(f1 + delt1)vxB = vxA - w1 * L1 * Sin(f1 + delt1)vyB = vyA + w1 * L1 * Cos(f1 + delt1)axB = axA - w1 ^ 2 * L1 * Cos(f1 + delt1) - e1 * L1 * Sin(f1 + delt1) ayB = ayA - w1 ^ 2 * L1 * Sin(f1 + delt1) + e1 * L1 * Cos(f1 + delt1) End SubPublic Sub RRR1() '杆BCDDim xC As DoubleDim yC As DoubleDim vxC As DoubleDim vyC As DoubleDim axC As DoubleDim ayC As DoubleDim LBD As DoubleDim JCBD As DoubleDim val1 As DoubleDim fDB As DoubleDim C2 As DoubleDim C3 As DoubleDim S2 As DoubleDim S3 As DoubleDim G11 As DoubleDim G12 As DoubleDim G13 As DoubleLBD = Sqr((xD - xB) ^ 2 + (yD - yB) ^ 2)If LBD > L2 + L3 And LBD < Abs(L2 - L3) ThenIf MsgBox("RRR杆组杆长不符合要求", vbOKOnly, "提示") = 1 Then EndElseEnd IfElseEnd IfIf LBD < L2 + L3 And LBD > Abs(L2 - L3) Thenval1 = (L2 ^ 2 + LBD ^ 2 - L3 ^ 2) / (2 * L2 * LBD)JCBD = Atn(-val1 / Sqr(-val1 * val1 + 1)) + 2 * Atn(1)ElseEnd IfIf LBD = L2 + L3 ThenJCBD = 0ElseEnd IfIf LBD = Abs(L2 - L3) ThenIf L2 > L3 ThenJCBD = 0ElseEnd IfIf L2 < L3 ThenJCBD = piElseEnd IfElseEnd IfIf xD > xB And yD >= yB Then '第一象限fDB = Atn((yD - yB) / (xD - xB))ElseEnd IfIf xD = xB And yD > yB ThenfDB = pi * 2ElseEnd IfIf xD < xB And yD >= yB Then '第二象限fDB = pi + Atn((yD - yB) / (xD - xB)) ElseEnd IfIf xD < xB And yD < yB Then '第三象限fDB = pi + Atn((yD - yB) / (xD - xB)) ElseEnd IfIf xB = xD And yD < yB ThenfDB = 3 * pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xD > xB And yD <= yB Then '第四象限fDB = 2 * pi + Atn((yD - yB) / (xD - xB)) ElseEnd Iff2 = fDB + JCBDxC = xB + L2 * Cos(f2)yC = yB + L2 * Sin(f2)If xC > xD And yC >= yD Then '第一象限f3 = Atn((yC - yD) / (xC - xD))ElseEnd IfIf xC = xD And yC > yD Thenf3 = pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xC < xD And xC >= xD Then '第二象限f3 = pi + Atn((yC - yD) / (xC - xD))ElseEnd IfIf xC < xD And xC < xD Then '第三象限f3 = pi + Atn((yC - yD) / (xC - xD))ElseEnd IfIf xC = xD And xC < xD Thenf2 = 3 * pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xC > xD And xC <= xD Then '第四象限f2 = 2 * pi + Atn((yC - yD) / (xC - xD))ElseEnd IfC2 = L2 * Cos(f2)S2 = L2 * Sin(f2)C3 = L3 * Cos(f3)S3 = L3 * Sin(f3)G11 = C2 * S3 - C3 * S2w2 = (C3 * (vxD - vxB) + S3 * (vyD - vyB)) / G11w3 = (C2 * (vxD - vxB) + S2 * (vyD - vyB)) / G11vxC = vxB - w2 * L2 * Sin(f2)vyC = vyB + w2 * L2 * Cos(f2)G12 = axD - axB + w2 ^ 2 * C2 - w3 ^ 2 * C3G13 = ayD - ayB + w2 ^ 2 * S2 - w3 ^ 2 * S3e2 = (G12 * C3 + G13 * S3) / G11e3 = (G12 * C2 + G13 * S2) / G11axC = axB - e2 * L2 * Sin(f2) - w2 ^ 2 * L2 * Cos(f2)ayC = ayB - e2 * L2 * Cos(f2) - w2 ^ 2 * L2 * Sin(f2)End SubPublic Sub RR2() '杆BExE = xB + LBE * Cos(f2 + delt2)yE = yB + LBE * Sin(f2 + delt2)vxE = vxB - w2 * LBE * Sin(f2 + delt2)vyE = vyB + w2 * LBE * Cos(f2 + delt2)axE = axB - w2 ^ 2 * LBE * Cos(f2 + delt2) - e2 * LBE * Sin(f2 + delt2) ayE = ayB - w2 ^ 2 * LBE * Sin(f2 + delt2) + e2 * LBE * Cos(f2 + delt2) End SubPublic Sub RRR2() '杆EFGDim xF As DoubleDim yF As DoubleDim vxF As DoubleDim vyF As DoubleDim axF As DoubleDim ayF As DoubleDim LEG As DoubleDim JFEG As DoubleDim val2 As DoubleDim fGE As DoubleDim C4 As DoubleDim C5 As DoubleDim S4 As DoubleDim S5 As DoubleDim G21 As DoubleDim G22 As DoubleDim G23 As DoubleLEG = Sqr((xG - xE) ^ 2 + (yG - yE) ^ 2)If LEG > L4 + LFG And LEG < Abs(L4 - LFG) ThenIf MsgBox("RRR杆组杆长不符合要求", vbOKOnly, "提示") = 1 Then EndElseEnd IfElseEnd IfIf LEG < L4 + LFG And LEG > Abs(L4 - LFG) Thenval2 = (L4 ^ 2 + LEG ^ 2 - LFG ^ 2) / (2 * L4 * LEG)JFEG = Atn(-val2 / Sqr(-val2 * val2 + 1)) + 2 * Atn(1)ElseEnd IfIf LEG = L4 + LFG ThenJFEG = 0ElseEnd IfIf LEG = Abs(L4 - LFG) ThenIf L4 > LFG ThenJFEG = 0ElseEnd IfIf L4 < LFG ThenJFEG = piElseEnd IfElseEnd IfIf xG > xE And yG >= yE Then '第一象限fGE = Atn((yG - yE) / (xG - xE))ElseEnd IfIf xG = xE And yG > yE ThenfGE = pi * 2ElseEnd IfIf xG < xE And yG >= yE Then '第二象限fGE = pi + Atn((yG - yE) / (xG - xE)) ElseEnd IfIf xG < xE And yG < yE Then '第三象限fGE = pi + Atn((yG - yE) / (xG - xE)) ElseEnd IfIf xE = xG And yG < yE ThenfGE = 3 * pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xG > xE And yG <= yE Then '第四象限fGE = 2 * pi + Atn((yG - yE) / (xG - xE)) ElseEnd Iff4 = fGE - JFEGxF = xE + L4 * Cos(f4)yF = yE + L4 * Sin(f4)If xF > xG And yF >= yG Then '第一象限f5 = Atn((yF - yG) / (xF - xG))ElseEnd IfIf xF = xG And yF > yG Thenf5 = pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xF < xG And xF >= xG Then '第二象限f5 = pi + Atn((yF - yG) / (xF - xG))ElseEnd IfIf xF < xG And xF < xG Then '第三象限f5 = pi + Atn((yF - yG) / (xF - xG))ElseEnd IfIf xF = xG And xF < xG Thenf4 = 3 * pi / 2ElseEnd IfIf xF > xG And xF <= xG Then '第四象限f4 = 2 * pi + Atn((yF - yG) / (xF - xG)) ElseEnd IfC4 = L4 * Cos(f4)S4 = L4 * Sin(f4)C5 = LFG * Cos(f5)S5 = LFG * Sin(f5)G21 = C4 * S5 - C5 * S4w4 = (C5 * (vxG - vxE) + S5 * (vyG - vyE)) / G21w5 = (C4 * (vxG - vxE) + S4 * (vyG - vyE)) / G21vxF = vxE - w4 * L4 * Sin(f4)vyF = vyE + w4 * L4 * Cos(f4)G22 = axG - axE + w4 ^ 2 * C4 - w5 ^ 2 * C5G23 = ayG - ayE + w4 ^ 2 * S4 - w5 ^ 2 * S5e4 = (G22 * C5 + G23 * S5) / G21e5 = (G22 * C4 + G23 * S4) / G21axF = axE - e4 * L4 * Sin(f4) - w4 ^ 2 * L4 * Cos(f4)ayF = ayE - e4 * L4 * Cos(f4) - w4 ^ 2 * L4 * Sin(f4)End SubPublic Sub RR3() '杆GHxH = xG + LGH * Cos(f5 + deltGH)yH = yG + LGH * Sin(f5 + deltGH)vxH = vxG - w5 * LGH * Sin(f5 + deltGH)vyH = vyG + w5 * LGH * Cos(f5 + deltGH)axH = axG - w5 ^ 2 * LGH * Cos(f5 + deltGH) - e5 * LGH * Sin(f5 + deltGH) ayH = ayG - w5 ^ 2 * LGH * Sin(f5 + deltGH) + e5 * LGH * Cos(f5 + deltGH) End SubPublic Sub RRP1() '杆组H(M)KDim A0 As DoubleDim Q1 As DoubleDim Q2 As DoubleDim Q3 As DoubleDim Q4 As DoubleDim Q5 As DoubleDim val3 As DoubleA0 = Lj + (yN - yH) * Cos(fj) - (xN - xH) * Sin(fj)val3 = A0 / L6fi = Atn(val3 / Sqr(-val3 * val3 + 1)) + fjxM = xH + L6 * Cos(fi)yM = yH + L6 * Sin(fi)ss = (xM - xN) * Cos(fj) + (yM - yN) * Sin(fj)xK = xN + ss * Cos(fj)yK = yN + ss * Sin(fj)Q1 = vxN - vxH - wj * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj))Q2 = vyN - vyH + wj * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj))Q3 = L6 * Sin(fi) * Sin(fj) + L6 * Cos(fi) * Cos(fj)w6 = (-Q1 * Sin(fj) + Q2 * Cos(fj)) / Q3vss = -(Q1 * L6 * Cos(fi) + Q2 * L6 * Sin(fi)) / Q3vxM = vxH - w6 * L6 * Sin(fi)vyM = vyH + w6 * L6 * Cos(fi)vxK = vxN + vss * Cos(fj) - ss * wj * Sin(fj)vyK = vyN + vss * Sin(fj) + ss * wj * Cos(fj)Q4 = axN - axH + w6 ^ 2 * L6 * Cos(fi) - ej * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj)) - wj ^ 2 * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj)) - 2 * vss * wj * Sin(fj)Q5 = ayN - ayH + w6 ^ 2 * L6 * Sin(fi) + ej * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj)) - wj ^ 2 * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj)) + 2 * vss * wj * Cos(fj)e6 = (-Q4 * Sin(fj) + Q5 * Cos(fj)) / Q3ass = (-Q4 * L6 * Cos(fi) - Q5 * L6 * Sin(fi)) / Q3axM = axH - e6 * L6 * Sin(fi) - w6 ^ 2 * L6 * Cos(fi)ayM = ayH + e6 * L6 * Cos(fi) - w6 ^ 2 * L6 * Sin(fi)axK = axN + ass * Cos(fj) - ss * ej * Sin(fj) - ss * wj ^ 2 * Cos(fj) - 2 * vss * wj * Sin(fj)ayK = ayN + ass * Sin(fj) + ss * ej * Cos(fj) - ss * wj ^ 2 * Sin(fj) + 2 * vss * wj * Cos(fj)End Sub(四)计算结果分析用VB编程可得构件6的位移、速度、加速度图像,由图像可得机构运动一个周期内每个时刻的运动参数值,较为直观。
哈工大机械原理大作业连杆机构9
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机械原理大作业大作业一:连杆机构运动分析学生姓名:学号:指导教师:丁刚完成时间:机电工程学院机械设计系制二〇一八年四月连杆机构运动分析1题目(9)图1 设计题目在图1所示的机构中,已知l AB=60mm,l BC=180mm,l DE=200mm,l CD=120mm,l EF=300mm,h=80mm,h1=85mm,h2=225mm,构件1以等角速度ω1=100rad/s 转动。
求在一个运动循环中,滑块5的位移、速度和加速度曲线。
2分析结构1、杆1为RR主动件,绕A以ω1 转动,自由度1.2、4杆和滑块5为RRP II级杆组.,自由度0.3、2,3杆组成II级杆组RRR,自由度0.总共自由度为F=5*3-2*7=1 .由上述的杆组类型,确认出所需运动分析数学模型:同一构件上的点、RRP、RRR。
3.杆组法对平面连杆机构进行运动分析3.1对主动件杆1 RR I级构件的分析主动杆1转角:φ= [0°,360°) δ=0°,则φ’=ω1=100 rad/s角加速度φ’’=0.已知h2=225mm, h=80mm, l AB=60mm 所以A(225mm,80mm)A点速度(0,0),加速度(0,0)B点位置(x A+l AB*cos(φ), Y A+l AB*sin(φ))B点速度(-l AB*sin(φ), l AB*cos(φ)),加速度(-l AB*cos(φ), -l AB*sin(φ))3.2RRRII 级杆组分析(模型参考教材P37-38)图3 如图所示两个构件组成II 级杆组。
已知了B 的位置(x B ,y B )= (x A +l AB *cos(φ), Y A +l AB *sin(φ)),速度(x ’B ,y ’B ) 和加速度(x ’’B ,y ’’B ), 已知运动副D (0,0), 还可知,x ’D =y ’D =0, x ’’D =y ’’D =0. l BC =180 mm, l CD = 120mm所以,x c =x D +l CD *cos(φi)= x B +l BC *cos(φj) y c =x D +l CD *sin(φi)= x B +l BC *sin(φi) 对于φ的求解: A 0=2*l CD (x B -x D ) B 0=2*l BC (y B -y D ) C 0=l CD 2+ l BD 2- l BC 2为了保证机构的装配正常:l BD ≤l CD + l BC AND l BD ≥Abs (l CD - l BC )可求3杆的转角φi=2*arctan((B 0±sqrt (A 02 + B 02- C 02))/(A 02+ C 02)),角速度w3=φi ’和角加速度α3= φi ’’3.3 同一构件上的点(模型参考书P35-36)Φiφjφi已知D(0,0),速度(0,0),加速度(0,0),3杆转角φi 角速度φi’角加速度φi’’,Φi和它的导数在3.2都有体现LDE= 200mm可求出E的坐标,速度,加速度.x E =x c+lCE*cos(φi)y E =x C+lCE*sin(φi)同样地,速度、加速度通过求导即可得出算式,可以编出程序。
哈工大机械原理大作业23
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机械原理大作业院系:船舶与海洋工程学院专业:机械设计制造及自动化班级:1413104学号:141310423姓名:田笑哈尔滨工业大学(威海)作业1 连杆机构运动分析1.运动分析题目2.对机构进行结构分析该机构由一级杆组RR(原动件1)、二级杆组RRR(杆2、杆3;杆4、杆5),二级干组RRP(杆6,滑块7)组成。
如图所示:一级杆组:二级杆组RRR(杆2、杆3):- 1 -二级杆组RRR(杆4、杆5):二级杆组RRP(杆6、滑块7):3.建立坐标系建立以A点为坐标原点的坐标系- 2 -- 3 -4.建立组成各基本杆组的运动分析数学模型(1)一级杆组运动分析: 如一级杆组图所示,设AB 杆与X 轴夹角为p,AB 逆时针转动。
位置分析:x _B=x_A+l.*cos(p);y_B=y_A+l.*sin(p); 速度分析:v_Bx=l.*sin(p).*-1.*w; v_By=l.*cos(p)*w;加速度分析:a_Bx=w^2*l.*cos(p).*-1-e*l.*cos(p); a_By=w^2*l.*sin(p).*-1+e*l.*sin(p); (2)二级杆组(RRR 型)运动分析:如二级杆组图(杆2、杆3)所示,设CB 与X 轴夹角为p_2。
角位移分析:d=sqrt((x_D-x_B).^2+(y_D-y_B).^2);b=atan((y_D-y_B)./(x_D-x_B));r=acos((d.^2+l_2^2-l_3^2)./(2*l_2.*d));x_C=x_B-l_2*cos(p_2); y_C=y_B-l_2*sin(p_2); p_2=b+M.*r;p_3=atan((y_C-y_D)./(x_C-x_D));角速度分析:x _D)-y_B)(x _C -(y_C -x _B)-y_D)(x _C -(y_C y_D)-v_By)(y_C -(v_Dy x _D)-v_Bx )(x _C -(v_Dx w_2+=x _D)-y_B)(x _C -(y_C -x _B)-y_D)(x _C -(y_C y_B)-v_By)(y_C -(v_Dy x _B)-v_Bx )(x _C -(v_Dx w_3+=角加速度分析:E=a_Dx-a_Bx+w_2^2*(x_C-x_B)-w_3^2*(x_C-x_D); F=a_Dy-a_By+w_2^2*(y_C-y_B)-w_3^2*(y_C-y_D); y_B)-x _D)(y_C -(x _C -y_D)-x _B)(y_C -(x _C y_D)-F(y_C x _D)-E(x _C e_2 +=y_B)-x _D)(y_C -(x _C -y_D)-x _B)(y_C -(x _C y_B)-F(y_C x _B)-E(x _C e_3 +=5.计算编程及输出结果Matlab 编程作图(具体程序见附录):(1)E 点的轨迹- 4 -0.10.150.20.250.30.350.40.450.50.550.6-0.0500.050.10.150.20.250.3x/mmy /m mE 点的轨迹(2)构件5的角位移、角速度和角加速度角位移:角速度:- 5 - 01234567-15-10-5510θ/radw /r a d /s构件5的角速度角加速度:1234567-100-50050100150200250300θ/radε/r a d /s 2构件5的角加速度附录:%一级杆组运动分析子程序%x_B=x_A+l.*cos(p);y_B=y_A+l.*sin(p);v_Bx=l.*sin(p).*-1.*w;v_By=l.*cos(p)*w;a_Bx=w^2*l.*cos(p).*-1-e*l.*cos(p);a_By=w^2*l.*sin(p).*-1+e*l.*sin(p);%二级杆组运动分析子程序%d=sqrt((x_D-x_B).^2+(y_D-y_B).^2);b=atan((y_D-y_B)./(x_D-x_B));f=(d.^2+l_2^2-l_3^2)./(2*l_2.*d);r=acos((d.^2+l_2^2-l_3^2)./(2*l_2.*d));p_2=b+M.*r;x_C=x_B-l_2.*cos(p_2);y_C=y_B-l_2.*sin(p_2);w_3=((0-v_Bx).*(x_C-x_B)+(0-v_By).*(y_C-y_B))./((y_C-y_D).* (x_C-x_B)-(y_C-y_B).*(x_C-x_D));%角速度%w_2=((0-v_Bx).*(x_C-x_D)+(0-v_By).*(y_C-y_D))./((y_C-y_D).* (x_C-x_B)-(y_C-y_B).*(x_C-x_D));E=0-a_Bx+w_2.^2.*(x_C-x_B)-w_3.^2.*(x_C-x_D);F=0-a_By+w_2.^2.*(y_C-y_B)-w_3.^2.*(y_C-y_D);e_2=(E.*(x_C-x_D)+F.*(y_C-y_D))./(x_C-x_B).*(y_C-y_D)-(x_C-x_D).*(y_C-y_B);e_3=(E.*(x_C-x_B)+F.*(y_C-y_B))./(x_C-x_B).*(y_C-y_D)-(x_C-x_D).*(y_C-y_B);%角加速度%p_3=atan((y_C-y_D)./(x_C-x_D));%角位移%- 6 -- 7 -大作业2 凸轮机构设计1.设计题目如图2-1所示直动从动件盘形凸轮机构,其原始参数见表2-1,据此参数设计该凸轮机构。
工大机械原理大作业 连杆7
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业一课程名称:机械原理设计题目:凸轮机构设计院系:机电学院班级:分析者:学号:指导教师:陈明、丁刚设计时间:20130703哈尔滨工业大学一、连杆机构运动分析题目如图1-7所示是曲柄摇块机构,曲柄长度为a ,机架长度为d ,点m 到铰链B 的距离是m l ,点n 到m 的距离是n l 。
试研究a 、d 、m l 、n l 的长度变化对n 的轨迹影响规律。
二、建立坐标系三、机构的结构分析,组成机构的基本杆组划分该机构由机架、一个原动件AB 和一个个II 级杆组组成。
原动件II 级杆组RPR四、 各基本杆组的运动分析数学模型1、原动件AB 的数学模型以点C 为原点则⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==0y x AA d⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+=+=ααsin cos a a y y x x AB A B 2、II 级杆组RPR 的数学模型⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+-=--=θθθθcos sin sin cos l l y y l l x x n mB n n m B n 其中:BCBC y xBB==θθsin cos 五、计算编程利用MATLAB 软件进行编程,程序如下:1、当d=100,lm=40,ln=50时a 的变化对轨迹的影响fi=linspace(0,2*pi,100); d=[100 100 100 100]; a=[ 20 30 40 50]; lm=[ 40 40 40 40]; ln=[50 50 50 50]; xc=[0 0 0 0]; yc=[0 0 0 0]; xa=[d]; ya=[0 0 0 0]; for i=1:length(d)xb=xa(i)+a(i)*cos(fi); yb=ya(i)+a(i)*sin(fi);l2=sqrt(d(i)^2+a(i)^2+2*d(i)*a(i)*cos(fi))-lm(i); coss=(d(i)+a(i)*cos(fi))./(lm(i)+l2); sins=(a(i)*sin(fi))./(l2+lm(i)); xn=xb-lm(i)*coss-ln(i)*sins; yn=yb-lm(i)*sins+ln(i)*coss; plot(xn,yn);hold on; axis equal; end2、当a=40,lm=40,ln=50时d的变化对轨迹的影响fi=linspace(0,2*pi,100);d=[50 70 120 150];a=[ 30 30 30 30];lm=[ 40 40 40 40];ln=[50 50 50 50];xc=[0 0 0 0];yc=[0 0 0 0];xa=[d];ya=[0 0 0 0];for i=1:length(d)xb=xa(i)+a(i)*cos(fi);yb=ya(i)+a(i)*sin(fi);l2=sqrt(d(i)^2+a(i)^2+2*d(i)*a(i)*cos(fi))-lm(i); coss=(d(i)+a(i)*cos(fi))./(lm(i)+l2);sins=(a(i)*sin(fi))./(l2+lm(i));xn=xb-lm(i)*coss-ln(i)*sins;yn=yb-lm(i)*sins+ln(i)*coss;plot(xn,yn);hold on;axis equal;end3、当d=100,a=40, =40,ln=50时lm的变化对轨迹的影响fi=linspace(0,2*pi,100);d=[100 100 100 100];a=[ 30 30 30 30];lm=[ 20 30 40 50];ln=[50 50 50 50];xc=[0 0 0 0];yc=[0 0 0 0];xa=[d];ya=[0 0 0 0];for i=1:length(d)xb=xa(i)+a(i)*cos(fi);yb=ya(i)+a(i)*sin(fi);l2=sqrt(d(i)^2+a(i)^2+2*d(i)*a(i)*cos(fi))-lm(i);coss=(d(i)+a(i)*cos(fi))./(lm(i)+l2);sins=(a(i)*sin(fi))./(l2+lm(i));xn=xb-lm(i)*coss-ln(i)*sins;yn=yb-lm(i)*sins+ln(i)*coss;plot(xn,yn);hold on;axis equal;end4、当d=100,a=40, ,lm=40时ln的变化对轨迹的影响fi=linspace(0,2*pi,100);d=[100 100 100 100];a=[30 30 30 30];lm=[40 40 40 40];ln=[0 50 80 110];xc=[0 0 0 0];yc=[0 0 0 0];xa=[d];ya=[0 0 0 0];for i=1:length(d)xb=xa(i)+a(i)*cos(fi);yb=ya(i)+a(i)*sin(fi);l2=sqrt(d(i)^2+a(i)^2+2*d(i)*a(i)*cos(fi))-lm(i); coss=(d(i)+a(i)*cos(fi))./(lm(i)+l2);sins=(a(i)*sin(fi))./(l2+lm(i));xn=xb-lm(i)*coss-ln(i)*sins;yn=yb-lm(i)*sins+ln(i)*coss;plot(xn,yn);hold on;axis equal;end5、 a, d, lm , ln都变化时fi=linspace(0,2*pi,100);d=[50 70 120 150];a=[20 30 40 50];lm=[20 30 40 50];ln=[0 50 80 110];xc=[0 0 0 0];yc=[0 0 0 0];xa=[d];ya=[0 0 0 0];for i=1:length(d)xb=xa(i)+a(i)*cos(fi);yb=ya(i)+a(i)*sin(fi);l2=sqrt(d(i)^2+a(i)^2+2*d(i)*a(i)*cos(fi))-lm(i); coss=(d(i)+a(i)*cos(fi))./(lm(i)+l2);sins=(a(i)*sin(fi))./(l2+lm(i));xn=xb-lm(i)*coss-ln(i)*sins;yn=yb-lm(i)*sins+ln(i)*coss;plot(xn,yn);hold on;axis equal;end六、结果分析从matlab图像我们可以看出n点的轨迹是封闭图形其随a, d, lm , ln的变化而变化。
哈工大机械原理大作业连杆14-2015版
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业连杆课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆机构运动分析院系:xx学院班级:xxxxxxxx姓名:xxxxxxxxx学号:xxxxxxxxxxx指导教师:焦映厚陈照波设计时间:2015年xxxxxxxxxx哈尔滨工业大学题目14如图所示机构,已知各机构尺寸为,,,,构件l的角速度为,试求构件2上点D的轨迹及构建5的角位移、角速度和角加速度,并对计算结果进行分析。
(题中构建尺寸满足)对机构进行结构分析该机构由原动件AB(Ⅰ级组),CD(RPRⅡ级杆组)和DE(RPRⅡ级杆组)组成,拆分如下:RR杆组RPR杆组RPR杆组数学模型计算对B点:对D点(∠BAC=,∠BCA=)流程框图开始编程及代码根据以上计算采用vb编程编程代码如下:Option ExplicitPrivate lab, lac, lbd, lce, lbc, lae, pi, sita As DoubleFunction arcsin(x As Double) As DoubleIf x >= -1 And x < -0.5 Then arcsin = -Atn(Sqr(1 - x * x) / x) - 2 * Atn(1)If x >= -0.5 And x <= 0.5 Then arcsin = Atn(x / Sqr(1 - x * x))If x > 0.5 And x <= 1 Then arcsin = -Atn(Sqr(1 - x * x) / x) + 2 * Atn(1) End FunctionFunction arccos(x As Double) As DoubleIf x >= -1 And x < -0.5 Then arccos = Atn(Sqr(1 - x * x) / x) + 4 * Atn(1)If x >= -0.5 And x <= 0.5 Then arccos = -Atn(x / Sqr(1 - x * x)) + 2 * Atn(1) If x > 0.5 And x <= 1 Then arccos = Atn(Sqr(1 - x * x) / x)End FunctionPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Line1.Visible = FalseLine2.Visible = FalseLine3.Visible = False'画坐标系lab = 200lac = 400lbd = 700lae = 800lce = 400pi = 3.1416Dim i, j As IntegerDim beta, xb, yb, xd, yd As DoublePicture1.BackColor = vbWhitePicture1.FillStyle = 0Picture1.Scale (-400, 440)-(1500, -440)Picture1.Line (-400, 0)-(1500, 0)Picture1.Line (0, -440)-(0, 440)For i = 0 To 22Picture1.CurrentX = -68Picture1.CurrentY = 440 - 40 * iPicture1.Print " " & 440 - 40 * i & " "Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (-400, 440 - 40 * i)-(1500, 440 - 40 * i)NextFor j = 0 To 70Picture1.CurrentX = 1520 - 80 * jPicture1.CurrentY = -5Picture1.Print 1520 - 80 * jPicture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (1520 - 80 * j, 440)-(1520 - 80 * j, -440) Next'画D点位移图线For sita = 0 To 2 * pi Step 0.001xb = lab * Cos(sita)yb = lab * Sin(sita)lbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita)) beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita) / lbc)xd = xb + lbd * Cos(beta)yd = yb - lbd * Sin(beta)Picture1.PSet (xd, yd)NextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command2_Click()‘D点角位移图Line1.Visible = FalseLine2.Visible = FalseLine3.Visible = Falselab = 200lac = 400lbd = 700lae = 800lce = 400pi = 3.1416Dim i, j As IntegerDim beta, xb, yb, xd, yd, gama, gama1 As Double Picture1.BackColor = vbWhitePicture1.FillStyle = 0Picture1.Scale (-20, 360)-(360, -80)Picture1.Line (-0, 0)-(360, 0)Picture1.Line (0, 360)-(0, -80)For i = 0 To 22Picture1.CurrentX = -15Picture1.CurrentY = 360 - 20 * iPicture1.Print " " & 360 - 20 * i & " "Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (0, 360 - 20 * i)-(360, 360 - 20 * i)NextFor j = 0 To 18Picture1.CurrentX = 360 - 20 * jPicture1.CurrentY = -5Picture1.Print 360 - 20 * jPicture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (360 - 20 * j, 360)-(360 - 20 * j, -80)NextFor sita = 0 To 360 Step 0.01xb = lab * Cos(sita * pi / 180)yb = lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180)lbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita * pi / 180)) beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180) / lbc)xd = xb + lbd * Cos(beta)yd = yb - lbd * Sin(beta)gama = arccos((xd - 800) / Sqr((xd - 800) ^ 2 + yd ^ 2))If yd <= 0 Thengama1 = 2 * pi - gamaElsegama1 = gamaEnd IfPicture1.PSet (sita, gama1 * 180 / pi)NextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command3_Click()‘画角角速度Line1.Visible = FalseLine2.Visible = FalseLine3.Visible = Falselab = 200lac = 400lbd = 700lae = 800lce = 400pi = 3.1416Dim beta, xb, yb, xd, yd, gama, gama1, beta0, xb0, yb0, xd0, yd0, gama0, gama10, lbc0, w, sita0 As DoubleDim i, j As IntegerPicture1.BackColor = vbWhitePicture1.FillStyle = 0Picture1.Scale (-20, 90)-(360, -540)Picture1.Line (-0, 0)-(360, 0)Picture1.Line (0, 360)-(0, -540)For i = 0 To 22Picture1.CurrentX = -15Picture1.CurrentY = 90 - 30 * iPicture1.Print " " & 90 - 30 * i & " "Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (0, 90 - 30 * i)-(360, 90 - 30 * i)NextFor j = 0 To 18Picture1.CurrentX = 360 - 20 * jPicture1.CurrentY = -5Picture1.Print 360 - 20 * jPicture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (360 - 20 * j, 360)-(360 - 20 * j, -540)NextFor sita = 0 To 360 Step 0.01xb = lab * Cos(sita * pi / 180)yb = lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180)lbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita * pi / 180))beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180) / lbc)xd = xb + lbd * Cos(beta)yd = yb - lbd * Sin(beta)gama = arccos((xd - 800) / Sqr((xd - 800) ^ 2 + yd ^ 2))If yd <= 0 Thengama1 = 2 * pi - gamaElsegama1 = gamaEnd Ifsita0 = sita + 0.001xb0 = lab * Cos(sita0 * pi / 180)yb0 = lab * Sin(sita0 * pi / 180)lbc0 = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita0 * pi / 180)) beta0 = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita0 * pi / 180) / lbc0)xd0 = xb + lbd * Cos(beta0)yd0 = yb - lbd * Sin(beta0)gama0 = arccos((xd0 - 800) / Sqr((xd0 - 800) ^ 2 + yd0 ^ 2))If yd0 <= 0 Thengama10 = 2 * pi - gama0Elsegama10 = gama0End Ifw = (gama10 - gama1) / (pi / 180000)Picture1.PSet (sita, w * 180 / pi)NextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command4_Click()‘画运动图Timer1.Enabled = TrueEnd SubPrivate Sub Command5_Click()‘画角加速度Line1.Visible = FalseLine2.Visible = FalseLine3.Visible = Falselab = 200lac = 400lbd = 700lae = 800lce = 400pi = 3.1416Dim w2, a, sita0, sita02, gama102, gama12, sita2, beta, xb, yb, xd, yd, gama, gama1, beta0, xb0, yb0, xd0, yd0, gama0, gama10, lbc0, w1, beta2, xb2, yb2, xd2, yd2, lbc2, lbc02, gama2, beta02, xb02, yb02, xd02, yd02, gama02 As DoubleDim i, j As IntegerPicture1.BackColor = vbWhitePicture1.FillStyle = 0Picture1.Scale (-20, 140000)-(360, -140000)Picture1.Line (-0, 0)-(360, 0)Picture1.Line (0, 140000)-(0, -140000)For i = 0 To 22Picture1.CurrentX = -15Picture1.CurrentY = 140000 - 10000 * iPicture1.Print " " & 140000 - 10000 * i & " "Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (0, 140000 - 10000 * i)-(360, 140000 - 10000 * i)NextFor j = 0 To 18Picture1.CurrentX = 360 - 20 * jPicture1.CurrentY = -5Picture1.Print 360 - 20 * jPicture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (360 - 20 * j, 360)-(360 - 20 * j, -540)NextFor sita = 0 To 360 Step 0.01xb = lab * Cos(sita * pi / 180)yb = lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180)lbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita * pi / 180))beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita * pi / 180) / lbc)xd = xb + lbd * Cos(beta)yd = yb - lbd * Sin(beta)gama = arccos((xd - 800) / Sqr((xd - 800) ^ 2 + yd ^ 2))If yd <= 0 Thengama1 = 2 * pi - gamaElsegama1 = gamaEnd Ifsita0 = sita + 0.001xb0 = lab * Cos(sita0 * pi / 180)yb0 = lab * Sin(sita0 * pi / 180)lbc0 = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita0 * pi / 180)) beta0 = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita0 * pi / 180) / lbc0)xd0 = xb + lbd * Cos(beta0)yd0 = yb - lbd * Sin(beta0)gama0 = arccos((xd0 - 800) / Sqr((xd0 - 800) ^ 2 + yd0 ^ 2))If yd0 <= 0 Thengama10 = 2 * pi - gama0Elsegama10 = gama0End Ifw1 = (gama10 - gama1) / (pi / 180000)sita2 = sita + 0.01xb2 = lab * Cos(sita2 * pi / 180)yb2 = lab * Sin(sita2 * pi / 180)lbc2 = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita2 * pi / 180)) beta2 = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita2 * pi / 180) / lbc2)xd2 = xb + lbd * Cos(beta2)yd2 = yb - lbd * Sin(beta2)gama2 = arccos((xd2 - 800) / Sqr((xd2 - 800) ^ 2 + yd2 ^ 2))If yd <= 0 Thengama12 = 2 * pi - gama2Elsegama12 = gamaEnd Ifsita02 = sita2 + 0.001xb02 = lab * Cos(sita02 * pi / 180)yb02 = lab * Sin(sita02 * pi / 180)lbc02 = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita02 * pi / 180)) beta02 = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita02 * pi / 180) / lbc02)xd02 = xb02 + lbd * Cos(beta02)yd02 = yb02 - lbd * Sin(beta02)gama02 = arccos((xd02 - 800) / Sqr((xd02 - 800) ^ 2 + yd02 ^ 2)) If yd02 <= 0 Thengama102 = 2 * pi - gama02Elsegama102 = gama02End Ifw2 = (gama102 - gama12) / (pi / 180000)a = (w2 - w1) / 0.01Picture1.PSet (sita, a * 180 / pi)NextEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_Load()Timer1.Enabled = FalseEnd SubPrivate Sub Timer1_Timer()‘动画Dim k As IntegerDim a As IntegerDim beta As Doublelab = 200lac = 400lbd = 700lae = 800lce = 400pi = 3.1416Dim i, j As IntegerDim xb, yb, xd, yd As Double'画坐标系Picture1.BackColor = vbWhitePicture1.FillStyle = 0Picture1.Scale (-400, 440)-(1500, -440) Picture1.Line (-400, 0)-(1500, 0) Picture1.Line (0, -440)-(0, 440)For i = 0 To 22Picture1.CurrentX = -68Picture1.CurrentY = 440 - 40 * i Picture1.Print " " & 440 - 40 * i & " " Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (-400, 440 - 40 * i)-(1500, 440 - 40 * i) NextFor j = 0 To 70Picture1.CurrentX = 1520 - 80 * jPicture1.CurrentY = -5Picture1.Print 1520 - 80 * jPicture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (1520 - 80 * j, 440)-(1520 - 80 * j, -440) NextText1.Text = Val(Text1.Text) + 1a = Text1.Textlbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita)) beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita) / lbc)Line1.X1 = 0Line1.Y1 = 0Line1.X2 = lab * Cos(a)Line1.Y2 = lab * Sin(a)Line2.X1 = lab * Cos(a)Line2.Y1 = lab * Sin(a)Line2.X2 = Line2.X1 + lbd * Cos(beta)Line2.Y2 = Line2.Y1 - lbd * Sin(beta)Line3.Y1 = Line2.Y2Line3.X1 = Line2.X2Line3.X2 = 800Line3.Y2 = 0Line1.Visible = TrueLine2.Visible = TrueLine3.Visible = TrueFor sita = 0 To 2 * pi Step 0.001xb = lab * Cos(sita)yb = lab * Sin(sita)lbc = Sqr(lab ^ 2 + lac ^ 2 - 2 * lab * lac * Cos(sita)) beta = arcsin(lab * Sin(sita) / lbc)xd = xb + lbd * Cos(beta)yd = yb - lbd * Sin(beta)Picture1.PSet (xd, yd)NextEnd Sub运行上述程序点击“运动”按钮得运动动画,截图如下:D点的轨迹如下:角位移如下:角速度如下:角加速度如下:运动结果分析D点做整周的回转运动,若以向右为角度的起始处,在D转角位180度时角速度最小,转角位0处角速度最大。
哈工大机械原理大作业——连杆机构运动分析报告162014
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课程名称: 机械原理
院
系:
能源科学与工程学院
班
级:
完成
者:
学
号:
题
号:
16
任课教师: 丁刚
完成内容: 在完成题目计算要求的同时, 扩展了内容, 程序为该结构的通用程 序,可解决机构在不同条件下的运动情况,文本最末为几种情况的分析
哈尔滨工业大学
16、如图所示机构,已知机构各构件的尺寸为
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这是同一根杆, °,λ,λ
现在来看 , , ,由题目得, , 和 是未知的,但不影响整 体,不然给 和 一个初值 °, ,当然,这是可以随意更改的。
基于以上的基本原理,
syms theta theta1 theta2 lamuda lamuda1 lamuda2 sigma sigma1 sigma2 beta beta1 beta2 l1 l11 l2 l21 t output i
哈工大机械原理大作业_连杆35
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业一课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆机构设计院系:机电学院班级:1308102分析者:学号:指导教师:设计时间:2015年06月哈尔滨工业大学一、连杆机构运动分析题目以及坐标系的建立题目中的连杆机构可以简化为图示机构二、机构的结构分析,组成机构的基本杆组划分该机构由机架、一个原动件AB和两个II级杆组组成。
有题目分析易知B点的位置、速度和加速度是我们知道的由B点我们可以推导出c点的位移速度加速度从而得到D点的轨迹最终我们可以求得E点的各个参数。
五、计算编程利用vb软件进行编程,程序如下:Public q As SingleOption ExplicitPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Dim yd, xd, yc, xb, yb, a, b, t, q, i As Singleq = 0a1.ScaleWidth = 300a1.ScaleHeight = -300a1.ScaleLeft = -150a1.ScaleTop = 250a1.Line (-300, 0)-(300, 0)a1.Line (0, -300)-(0, 300)For i = -300 To 300If i Mod 50 = 0 Thena1.Line (-5, i)-(5, i)a1.Line (i, -5)-(i, 5)a1.CurrentX = 0a1.CurrentY = ia1.Print ia1.CurrentX = ia1.CurrentY = 0a1.Print iEnd IfNextFor t = 0 To 200q = q + t / 1000xb = 100 * Sin(q)yb = -100 * Cos(q)xd = 3 / 2 * xbyd = yb + Sqr(40000 - xb * xb) / 2 a1.Line (a, b)-(xd, yd)a = xdb = ydNextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command2_Click()Dim yd, xd, yc, xb, yb, a, b, t, q, i, ve, vc, ye, ye0, yc0, ve0, vc0, ae, ac, ae0, ac0, x1 As Singlea1.ScaleWidth = 10a1.ScaleHeight = -100a1.ScaleLeft = 150a1.ScaleTop = 50ve0 = 0vc0 = 0ye = 200x1 = 151For i = 1 To 15x1 = 3.14159 / 6 + x1a1.Line (x1, 1)-(x1, -1)a1.CurrentX = x1 - 3.14159 / 12a1.CurrentY = -2a1.Print i * 30NextFor t = 0 To 3000q = q + t / 10000xb = 100 * Sin(q)yb = -100 * Cos(q)xd = (3 / 2) * xbyd = yb + Sqr(40000 - xb * xb) / 2ye = yd + Sqr(40000 - xd * xd)yc = yb - Sqr(40000 - xb * xb)ve = (ye - ye0)vc = (yc - yc0)ae = ve - ve0ac = ae - ae0a1.Line (151, -100)-(151, 100)a1.Line (t - 50, 0)-(t, 0)If t Mod 5 = 0 Thena1.Line (150.9, t)-(151.1, t)a1.CurrentX = 151a1.CurrentY = ta1.Print t * 55a1.CurrentX = 151a1.CurrentY = -ta1.Print -t * 55End Ifa1.CurrentX = 151a1.CurrentY = 0a1.Line (q - 0.2, vc0)-(q, vc)a1.Line (q - 0.2, ve0)-(q, ve)yc0 = ycye0 = yeve0 = vevc0 = vcae0 = aeac0 = acNextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command4_Click()Dim yd, xd, yc, xb, yb, a, b, t, q, i, ve, vc, ye, ye0, yc0, ve0, vc0, ae, ac, ae0, ac0, x1 As Singlea1.ScaleWidth = 10a1.ScaleHeight = -30a1.ScaleLeft = 150a1.ScaleTop = 15ve0 = 0vc0 = 0ye = 200x1 = 151For i = 1 To 15x1 = 3.14159 / 6 + x1a1.Line (x1, 0.5)-(x1, -0.5)a1.CurrentX = x1 - 3.14159 / 12a1.CurrentY = -2a1.Print i * 30Nexta1.Line (151, -100)-(151, 100)a1.Line (0, 0)-(300, 0)For t = 0 To 3000q = q + t / 10000xb = 100 * Sin(q)yb = -100 * Cos(q)xd = (3 / 2) * xbyd = yb + Sqr(40000 - xb * xb) / 2 ye = yd + Sqr(40000 - xd * xd)yc = yb - Sqr(40000 - xb * xb)ve = (ye - ye0)vc = (yc - yc0)ae = ve - ve0ac = ae - ae0a1.Line (q - 0.2, ae0)-(q, ae)a1.Line (q - 0.2, ac0)-(q, ac)If t Mod 2 = 0 Thena1.Line (150.9, t)-(151.1, t)a1.CurrentX = 151a1.CurrentY = ta1.Print t * 300a1.CurrentX = 151a1.CurrentY = -ta1.Print -t * 300End Ifyc0 = ycye0 = yeve0 = vevc0 = vcae0 = aeac0 = acNextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command5_Click()Dim yd, xd, yc, xb, yb, a, b, t, q, i, ve, vc, ye, ye0, yc0, ve0, vc0, ae, ac, ae0, ac0, x1 As Singlea1.ScaleWidth = 8.5a1.ScaleHeight = -500a1.ScaleLeft = 25a1.ScaleTop = 300ye = 200x1 = 26For t = 0 To 3000q = q + t / 10000xb = 100 * Sin(q)yb = -100 * Cos(q)xd = (3 / 2) * xbyd = yb + Sqr(40000 - xb * xb) / 2ye = yd + Sqr(40000 - xd * xd)yc = yb - Sqr(40000 - xb * xb)a1.Line (q - 1 / 10, yc0 + 300)-(q, yc + 300) a1.Line (q - 1 / 10, ye0 - 150)-(q, ye - 150) yc0 = ycye0 = yeIf t Mod 27 = 0 Thena1.Line (25.8, t)-(26.2, t)a1.CurrentX = 26a1.CurrentY = ta1.Print 16500 * (t / 270 - 1)End IfNexta1.Line (0, 270)-(50, 270)a1.Line (26, 2270)-(26, -270)For i = 1 To 15x1 = 3.14159 / 6 + x1a1.Line (x1, 275)-(x1, 265)a1.CurrentX = x1 - 3.14159 / 12a1.CurrentY = 270a1.Print i * 30NextEnd SubPrivate Sub Command3_Click()a1.ClsTimer1.Enabled = FalseEnd SubPrivate Sub Command6_Click()Timer1.Enabled = TrueEnd SubPrivate Sub Timer1_Timer()Dim yd, xd, yc, xb, yb, a, b, i, ve, vc, ye, ye0, yc0, ve0, vc0, ae, ac, ae0, ac0, x1 As Singlea1.Clsa1.ScaleWidth = 500a1.ScaleHeight = -700a1.ScaleLeft = -250a1.ScaleTop = 350a1.Line (-350, 0)-(350, 0)a1.Line (0, -350)-(0, 350)For i = -7 To 7a1.Line (-2, i * 50)-(2, i * 50)a1.CurrentX = 0a1.CurrentY = i * 50a1.Print i * 50a1.Line (i * 50, -2)-(i * 50, 2)a1.CurrentY = 0a1.CurrentX = i * 50a1.Print i * 50Nextye = 200x1 = 26q = q + 1 / 100xb = 100 * Sin(q)yb = -100 * Cos(q)xd = (3 / 2) * xbyd = yb + Sqr(40000 - xb * xb) / 2ye = yd + Sqr(40000 - xd * xd)yc = yb - Sqr(40000 - xb * xb)yc0 = ycye0 = yea1.Line (0, 0)-(xb, yb)a1.Line (0, yc)-(xd, yd)a1.Line (10, yc + 10)-(-10, yc + 10) a1.Line (10, yc - 10)-(-10, yc - 10) a1.Line (-10, yc + 10)-(-10, yc - 10) a1.Line (10, yc + 10)-(10, yc - 10)a1.Line (0, ye)-(xd, yd)a1.Line (10, ye + 10)-(-10, ye + 10) a1.Line (10, ye - 10)-(-10, ye - 10) a1.Line (-10, ye + 10)-(-10, ye - 10) a1.Line (10, ye + 10)-(10, ye - 10) End Sub得到如下结果动画D点的行程曲线速度曲线位移曲线加速度曲线六、结果分析我们从可以看出计算出的曲线与标准答案一致我们可以看出我们的结果是正确的。
哈工大机械原理大作业-连杆
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Harbin Institute of Technology机械原理大作业一课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆运动分析院系:机电工程学院班级:设计者:学号:指导教师:明设计时间: 2013年6月25日1、运动分析题目在图1-10中所示的干草压缩机中,已知LAB=150mm,LBC=600mm,LCE=120mm,LCD=500mm,LEF=600mm,XD=400mm,YD=500mm,YF=600mm,曲柄1作等速转动,其转速n1=50r/min。
求在一个运动循环中活塞5的位移、速度和加速度的变化曲线。
图1-102、机构的结构分析(1)基本杆组的划分①AB即杆件1为原动件②DECB即杆件2、3为RRR型II级杆组,其中CE为同一构件上点。
③ EF 和滑块即4、5为RRP 型II 级杆组(2)、建立以点A 为原点的固定平面直角系3、确定已知参数和求解流程(1)原动件1(I 级杆组RR )如图所示,已知原动件1的转角πϕ2~01=原动件杆1的角速度s rad /236.51=ω原动件1的角加速度01=α运动副A 的位置坐标0,0==A A y x运动副A 的速度0,0==yA xA v v运动副A 的加速度0,0==yA xA a a原动件杆I 的长度mm l 1501=可求出B 的位置B 的速度B 的加速度(2)构件2、3(II 级杆组RRR )D 的位置500400==D D y xD 的速度 00==yD xD v vD 的加速度00==yD xD a a杆长mm l l CD j 500==,mm l l BC i 600==由关系j j D i i B C l x l x x ϕϕcos cos +=+=j j D i i B C l y l y y ϕϕsin sin +=+=其中)(20sin cos B D i i i x x l A C B A -==-+ ϕϕ)(2B D i y y l B -=222j BD i l l l C -+=222)()(B D B D BD y y X x l -+-=可解得C A C B A B i +-++=222arctan 2ϕ DC D C j x x y y --=arctan ϕ 由上面两个式子可以得到两杆的角速度 1)()(G y y s x x c w B D j B D j i i -+-==•ϕ132G s G c G ij i i +==ϕα其中i j j i s c s c G -=1,i i i l c ϕcos =,i i i l s ϕsin =,j j j l c ϕcos =,j j j l s ϕsin =可得E 的位置iB E iB E y y x x ϕϕsin 480cos 480+=+=E 的速度 i i yB E yE i i xB E xE v yv v x v ωϕωϕcos 480sin 480+==-==E 的加速度i i i i xB E xE a xa αϕωϕsin 480cos 4802--== i i i i yB E yE a ya ϕαϕωcos 480sin 4802+-== (3)、构件4、5杆组(II 级杆组RRP )在建立的坐标系中取一参考点K 600,0==K K y x则速度0,0==yK xK v v加速度0,0==yK xK a a杆长mm l EF 600=,设F 位移为s由s x l x x K i EF E F +=+='cos ϕ K i EF E F y l y y =+='sin ϕ由上面两个式子可以得到 600600arcsin arcsin'E EF E k i y l y y -=-=ϕ所以:F 点位移 )600600arcsin(cos 600E E F y x x s -+== 速度F F xv = 加速度F F xa =四、编程计算并输出结果(VB 编程)主程序:Private Sub Command1_Click()Dim s5(3600) As DoubleDim v5(3600) As DoubleDim a5(3600) As DoubleDim pi As DoubleDim pa As Doublepi = 3.1415926pa = pi / 180Dim i As LongDim f1(3600) As Double Dim RR1 As RRDim RR2 As RRDim RRR1 As RRRDim RRP1 As RRPSet RR1 = New RRSet RR2 = New RRSet RRR1 = New RRRSet RRP1 = New RRPFor i = 0 To 3600 Step 1 f1(i) = i * pa / 10RR1.delt = 0RR1.f = f1(i)RR1.w = 5.24RR1.e = 0RR1.L = 150RR1.xA = 0RR1.yA = 0RR1.vxA = 0RR1.vyA = 0RR1.axA = 0RR1.ayA = 0RR1.calRRR1.Li = 600RRR1.Lj = 500RRR1.xB = RR1.xBRRR1.yB = RR1.yBRRR1.vxB = RR1.vxBRRR1.vyB = RR1.vyBRRR1.axB = RR1.axBRRR1.ayB = RR1.ayBRRR1.xD = 400RRR1.yD = 500RRR1.vxD = 0RRR1.vyD = 0RRR1.axD = 0RRR1.ayD = 0RRR1.M = 1RRR1.calRRRRR2.delt = 0RR2.f = RRR1.fi RR2.w = RRR1.wi RR2.e = RRR1.ei RR2.L = 480RR2.xA = RR1.xB RR2.yA = RR1.yB RR2.vxA = RR1.vxB RR2.vyA = RR1.vyB RR2.axA = RR1.axB RR2.ayA = RR1.ayB RR2.calRRP1.Li = 600RRP1.Lj = 0RRP1.fj = piRRP1.wj = 0RRP1.ej = 0RRP1.xB = RR2.xB RRP1.yB = RR2.yB RRP1.vxB = RR2.vxB RRP1.vyB = RR2.vyB RRP1.axB = RR2.axB RRP1.ayB = RR2.ayB RRP1.xK = 0RRP1.yK = 600RRP1.vxK = 0RRP1.vyK = 0RRP1.axK = 0RRP1.ayK = 0RRP1.M = 1RRP1.cals5(i) = RRP1.ssv5(i) = RRP1.vssa5(i) = RRP1.assNext iPicture1.Scale (-30, 700)-(360, 580)Picture1.Line (0, 0)-(360, 0) 'XPicture1.Line (0, 580)-(0, 700) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 10 'X轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (i, 700)-(i, 580)Picture1.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture1.CurrentY = 0 Picture1.Print iNext iFor i = 580 To 700 Step 10 'Y轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (0, i)-(360, i)Picture1.CurrentX = -10: Picture1.CurrentY = iPicture1.Print iNext iFor i = 0 To 3600 Step 1Picture1.PSet (i / 10, s5(i))Next iEnd SubRR:Public L As DoublePublic f As DoublePublic delt As DoublePublic w As DoublePublic e As DoublePublic xA As DoublePublic yA As DoublePublic vxA As DoublePublic vyA As DoublePublic axA As DoublePublic ayA As DoublePublic xB As DoublePublic yB As DoublePublic vxB As DoublePublic vyB As DoublePublic axB As DoublePublic ayB As DoublePublic Sub cal()xB = xA + L * Cos(f + delt)yB = yA + L * Sin(f + delt)vxB = vxA - w * L * Sin(f + delt)vyB = vyA + w * L * Cos(f + delt)axB = axA - w ^ 2 * L * Cos(f + delt) - e * L * Sin(f + delt) ayB = ayA - w ^ 2 * L * Sin(f + delt) + e * L * Cos(f + delt) End SubRRR:Public Li As DoublePublic Lj As DoublePublic fi As DoublePublic fj As DoublePublic wi As DoublePublic wj As DoublePublic ei As DoublePublic ej As DoublePublic xB As DoublePublic yB As DoublePublic vxB As DoublePublic vyB As DoublePublic axB As DoublePublic ayB As DoublePublic xC As DoublePublic yC As DoublePublic vxC As DoublePublic vyC As DoublePublic axC As DoublePublic ayC As DoublePublic xD As DoublePublic yD As DoublePublic vxD As DoublePublic vyD As DoublePublic axD As DoublePublic ayD As DoublePublic M As DoublePublic Sub calRRR()Dim fDB As DoubleDim Ci As DoubleDim Cj As DoubleDim Si As DoubleDim Sj As DoubleDim G1 As DoubleDim G2 As DoubleDim G3 As DoubleDim LBD As DoubleDim JCBD As DoubleDim val As Doublepi = 3.1415926LBD = Sqr((xB - xD) ^ 2 + (yD - yB) ^ 2)If LBD < Li + Lj And LBD > Abs(Li - Lj) Thenval = (Li ^ 2 + LBD ^ 2 - Lj ^ 2) / (2 * Li * LBD) JCBD = Atn(-val / Sqr(-val * val + 1)) + 2 * Atn(1) End IfRRP:Public Li As DoublePublic Lj As DoublePublic fi As DoublePublic fj As DoublePublic wi As DoublePublic wj As DoublePublic ei As DoublePublic ej As DoublePublic xB As DoublePublic yB As DoublePublic vxB As DoublePublic vyB As DoublePublic axB As DoublePublic ayB As DoublePublic xK As DoublePublic yK As DoublePublic vxK As DoublePublic vyK As DoublePublic axK As DoublePublic ayK As DoublePublic xC As DoublePublic yC As DoublePublic vxC As DoublePublic vyC As DoublePublic axC As DoublePublic ayC As DoublePublic xD As DoublePublic yD As DoublePublic vxD As DoublePublic vyD As DoublePublic axD As DoublePublic ayD As DoublePublic M As SinglePublic ss As DoublePublic vss As DoublePublic ass As DoublePublic Sub cal()Dim A0 As DoubleDim Q1 As DoubleDim Q2 As DoubleDim Q3 As DoubleDim Q4 As DoubleDim Q5 As DoubleDim val As DoubleDim pi As Doublepi = 3.14159216A0 = Lj + ((yK - yB) * Cos(fj) - (xK - xB) * Sin(fj)) val = A0 / Lifi = M * Atn(val / Sqr(-val * val + 1)) + fjxC = xB + Li * Cos(fi)yC = yB + Li * Sin(fi)ss = (xC - xK) * Cos(fj) + (yC - yK) * Sin(fj)xD = xK + ss * Cos(fj)yD = yK + ss * Sin(fj)Q1 = vxK - vxB - wj * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj))Q2 = vyK - vyB + wj * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj))Q3 = Li * Sin(fi) * Sin(fj) + Li * Cos(fi) * Cos(fj) wi = (-Q1 * Sin(fj) + Q2 * Cos(fj)) / Q3vss = -(Q1 * Li * Cos(fi) + Q2 * Li * Sin(fi)) / Q3vxC = vxB - wi * Li * Sin(fi)vyC = vyB + wi * Li * Cos(fi)vxD = vxK + vss * Cos(fj) - ss * wj * Sin(fj)vyD = vyK + vss * Sin(fj) + ss * wj * Cos(fj)Q4 = axK - axB + wi ^ 2 * Li * Cos(fi) - ej * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj)) - wj ^ 2 * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj)) - 2 * vss * wj * Sin(fj)Q5 = ayK - ayB + wi ^ 2 * Li * Sin(fi) + ej * (ss * Cos(fj) - Lj * Sin(fj)) - wj ^ 2 * (ss * Sin(fj) + Lj * Cos(fj)) + 2 * vss * wj * Cos(fj)ei = (-Q4 * Sin(fj) + Q5 * Cos(fj)) / Q3ass = (-Q4 * Li * Cos(fi) - Q5 * Li * Sin(fi)) / Q3axC = axB - ei * Li * Sin(fi) - wi ^ 2 * Li * Cos(fi)ayC = ayB + ei * Li * Cos(fi) - wi ^ 2 * Li * Sin(fi)axD = axK + ass * Cos(fj) - ss * ej * Sin(fj) - ss * wj ^ 2 * Cos(fj) - 2 * vss * wj * Sin(fj) ayD = ayK + ass * Sin(fj) + ss * ej * Cos(fj) - ss * wj ^ 2 * Sin(fj) + 2 * vss * wj * Cos(fj) End Sub五、计算结果数据如图:位移曲线:速度曲线:加速度曲线:六、计算结果分析主动件转角为0时,滑块的位移为628mm,随着转角的匀速增加,滑块位移先上升,速度为负快速下降,加速度为负且开始值较小并逐渐下降,到达最低点-2200左右,此时速度为0, 然后位移开始继续下降,速度继续下降,然后到达最小值-100左右,此时加速度为0,又开始上升(向左运动),速度正向增大,在后面一段时期速度继续增大,加速度也正向增大,然后速度下降,加速度下降.滑块分别在4.2s,11.4s速度达到正向最大,1.7s,7.7s速度达到负向最大,0.8s,2.7s,5.8s,9.6s加速度达到极值,滑块就是这样周期性的左右运动。
机械原理大作业连杆机构.
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Harbin Institute of Technology大作业设计说明书课程名称:机械原理设计题目:连杆机构设计院系:班级:设计者:学号:指导教师:设计时间:2013-6-13哈尔滨工业大学1.连杆题目(16):如图所示机构,已知机构各构件的尺寸为==100AC CE l l mm ,==200BC CD l l mm ,90BCD ∠=︒,构件1的角速度为1=10/w rad s ,试求构件5的角位移、角速度和角加速度,并对计算结果进行分析。
1.1 机构的运动分析AB 为原动件,AB 转动通过转动导杆机构带动杆BCD 转动,BCD 转动通过转动导杆机构带动杆DE 摆动。
1.2 机构的结构分析杆组可以划分为一个RR I级杆组(杆1)、RRPII级杆组(滑块2,杆3)、RPRII 级杆组(滑块4,杆5)1)RRI级杆组1:2)RRPII级杆组2,3:3)RPRII级杆组4,5:1.3 机构各杆组的运动分析数学模型1)RRI 级杆组1:B 点位移方程:abab ·cos ·sin B A ab B A ab x x l y y l ϕϕ=+⎧⎨=+⎩B 点速度方程: xB xA ab ab ab yB yA ab ab abv v l Sin v v l Cos ωϕωϕ=-⎧⎨=+⎩B 点加速度方程:22 cos sin xB xA ab ab AB yB yA ab ab AB a a l a a l ωϕωϕ⎧=-⎪⎨=+⎪⎩2)RRPII 级杆组2,3: 以A 点为参考点-y -y Cos C A ab C A abAO ϕϕ=(x -x )Sin ()0.5ab MO Cos ϕ=2=tan ()++1bc ab arc MO ϕϕ-+B C bc bc l Cos ϕ=x x+B C bc bc l Sin ϕ=y y-=B Aabs Cos ϕx x1xA xC ab ab Q v v w sSin ϕ=--2=+yA yC ab ab Q v v w sCos ϕ-3=+bc bc ab bc bc ab Q l Sin Sin l Cos Cos ϕϕϕϕ123-+=ab abbc Q Sin Q Cos w Q ϕϕ123()+()=-bc bc bc bc s Q l Cos Q l Sin v Q ϕϕ224=--2bc ab bc bc ab s ab ab Q w l Cos w sCos v w Sin ϕϕϕ 225=--2bc ab bc bc ab s ab ab Q w l Sin w sSin v w COs ϕϕϕ45=-+bc ab ab Q Sin Q COs αϕϕ3)RPRII 级杆组4,5:de l =arctan arctan arctan arctan 2 0.5 y D Ede D E D Ede D E D Ede D E D Ede D E de dey y x x y y x x y y x x y y x x ϕϕπϕπϕπϕπϕ-=--=+--=+--=+-=第一象限第二象限第三象限第四象限轴正半轴1.5 y π⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪=⎪⎩轴负半轴()yDde xD dededev Cos v Sin l ϕϕω-=() 2yD de de de de dede xD xD yD dea Cos a Sin v Cos v Sin w l ϕϕϕϕα--+=1.4 机构各杆组的编程1)对RRI级杆组1::xB = lab * Cos(fab)yB = lab * Sin(fab)vxB = -wab * lab * Sin(fab)vyB = wab * lab * Cos(fab)axB= -wab ^ 2 * lab * Cos(fab) - eab * lab * Sin(fab )ayB = -wab ^ 2 * lab * Sin(fab) + eab * lab * Cos(fab)1)对RRPII级杆组2,3:A0 = (xC - xA) * Sin(fab) - (yC - yA) * Cos(fab)M0 = 0.5 * Cos(fab)fi = Atn(M0 / Sqr(-M0 * M0 + 1)) + fabxB = xC + lbc * Cos(fbc)yB = yC + lbc * Sin(fbc)s = (xB - xA) / Cos(fab)Q1 = vxA - vxC - wab * s * Sin(fab)Q2 = vyA - vyC + wab * s * Cos(fab)Q3 = lbc * Sin(fbc) * Sin(fab) + lbc * Cos(fbc) * Cos(fab)wbc = (-Q1 * Sin(fab) + Q2 * Cos(fab)) / Q3vs = -(Q1 * lbc * Cos(fbc) + Q2 * lbc * Sin(fbc)) / Q3Q4 = wbc ^ 2 * lbc * Cos(fbc) - wab ^ 2 * s * Cos(fab) - 2 * vs * wab * Sin(fab) Q5 = wbc ^ 2 * lbc * Sin(fbc) - wab ^ 2 * s * Sin(fab) + 2 * vs * wab * Cos(fab) ebc = (-Q4 * Sin(fab) + Q5 * Cos(fab))2)对RPRII级杆组4,5:lde = Sqr((xD - xE) ^ 2 + (yD - yE) ^ 2)If xD>xE And yD>yE Then '第一象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE))ElseEnd IfIf xD<xE And yD>= yE Then '第二象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + piElseEnd IfIf xD<xE And yD<yE Then '第三象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + piElseEnd IfIf xD>xE And yD<= yE Then '第四象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + 2 * piElseEnd IfIf xD = xE And yD>yE Then 'y轴正向fde = 0.5 * piElseEnd IfIf xD = xE And yD<yE Then 'y轴负向fde = 1.5 * piElseEnd Ifwde = (vyD * Cos(fde) - vxD * Sin(fde)) / ldeede = ((ayD * Cos(fde) - axD * Sin(fde) - 2 * (vxd * Cos(fde) + vyd * Sin(fde)) * wde) / lde2.计算编程以A为坐标原点,建立坐标系计算编程,源代码如下:Option Explicit '定义自变量Dim xA As Double '点A的坐标,速度,加速度Dim yA As DoubleDim vxA As DoubleDim vyA As DoubleDim axA As DoubleDim ayA As DoubleDim xB As Double '点B的坐标,速度,加速度Dim yB As DoubleDim vxB As DoubleDim vyB As DoubleDim axB As DoubleDim ayB As DoubleDim xC As Double '点C的坐标,速度,加速度Dim yC As DoubleDim vxC As DoubleDim vyC As DoubleDim axC As DoubleDim ayC As DoubleDim xD As Double '点D的坐标,速度,加速度Dim yD As DoubleDim vxD As DoubleDim vyD As DoubleDim axD As DoubleDim ayD As DoubleDim atd As DoubleDim adn As DoubleDim xE As Double '点E的坐标,速度,加速度Dim yE As DoubleDim vxE As DoubleDim vyE As DoubleDim axE As DoubleDim ayE As DoubleDim lbc As Double '杆BC的长度Dim lcd As Double '杆CD的长度Dim fab As Double '杆AB的角位移Dim fbc As Double '杆BC的角位移Dim fde As Double '杆DE的角位移Dim fj1 As Double '循环变量Dim wab As Double '杆AB的角速度Dim wbc As Double '杆BC的角速度Dim wde As Double '杆DE的角速度Dim eab As Double '杆AB的角加速度Dim ebc As Double '杆BC的角加速度Dim ede As Double '杆DE的角加速度Dim lab As Double 'AB的距离Dim lde As Double 'DE的距离Dim s As Double 's的长度Dim vs As Double 's的速度Dim Q1 As Double 'RRP中的Q1Dim Q2 As Double 'RRP中的Q2Dim Q3 As Double 'RRP中的Q3Dim Q4 As Double 'RRP中的Q4Dim Q5 As Double 'RRP中的Q5Dim A0 As Double '杆组的中间变量Dim M0 As DoubleDim pi As Double '圆周率Dim pa As Double '角度与弧度转换的系数Dim i As Double '循环变量Private Sub Form_Load() '赋值Form1.WindowState = 2lbc = 200lcd = 200wab = 10eab = 0xA = 0yA = 0vxA = 0vyA = 0axA = 0ayA = 0xC = 0yC = -100vxC = 0vyC = 0axC = 0ayC = 0xE = 0yE = -200vxE = 0vyE = 0axE = 0ayE = 0pi = 4 * Atn(1)pa = pi / 180fj1 = 0End SubPrivate Sub Command1_Click()Set Picture1.Picture = NothingPicture1.Scale (-20, 8)-(400, -2)Picture1.Line (-20, 0)-(400, 0) 'XPicture1.Line (0, 8)-(0, -2) 'YFor i = -20 To 400 Step 50 'X轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (i, 8)-(i, -2)Picture1.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture1.CurrentY = 0 Picture1.Print iNext iFor i = -2 To 8 Step 1 'Y轴坐标Picture1.DrawStyle = 2Picture1.Line (-20, i)-(400, i)Picture1.CurrentX = -10: Picture1.CurrentY = iPicture1.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01fab = fj1 * paCall RRPCall RPRPicture1.PSet (fj1, fde), vbRedNext fj1End SubPrivate Sub Command2_Click()Set Picture2.Picture = NothingPicture2.Scale (-20, 30)-(400, -4)Picture2.Line (-20, 0)-(400, 0) 'XPicture2.Line (0, 30)-(0, -4) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 30 'X轴坐标Picture2.DrawStyle = 2Picture2.Line (i, 30)-(i, -4)Picture2.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture2.CurrentY = 0 Picture2.Print iNext iFor i = -4 To 30 Step 4 'Y轴坐标Picture2.Line (0, i)-(400, i)Picture2.CurrentX = -20: Picture2.CurrentY = iPicture2.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01fab = fj1 * paCall RRPCall RPRPicture2.PSet (fj1, wde), vbRedNext fj1End SubPrivate Sub Command3_Click() '杆5的角加速度Set Picture3.Picture = NothingPicture3.Scale (-20, 10000)-(400, -20000)Picture3.Line (-20, 0)-(400, 0) 'XPicture3.Line (0, 10000)-(0, -20000) 'YFor i = 0 To 360 Step 30 'X轴坐标Picture3.DrawStyle = 2Picture3.Line (i, 10000)-(i, -20000)Picture3.CurrentX = i - 10: Picture3.CurrentY = 0Picture3.Print iNext iFor i = -20000 To 10000 Step 2500 'Y轴坐标Picture3.Line (0, i)-(400, i)Picture3.CurrentX = -25: Picture3.CurrentY = i + 5 Picture3.Print iNext iFor fj1 = 0 To 360 Step 0.01fab = fj1 * paCall RRPCall RPRPicture3.PSet (fj1, ede), vbRedNext fj1End SubPrivate Sub RRP() 'Ⅱ级杆组RRP(滑块2、杆3)A0 = (xC - xA) * Sin(fab) - (yC - yA) * Cos(fab)M0 = 0.5 * Cos(fab)fbc = Atn(M0 / Sqr(-M0 * M0 + 1)) + fabxB = xC + lbc * Cos(fbc)yB = yC + lbc * Sin(fbc)If fab = pi / 2 Thens = lbc - (yA - yC)ElseIf fab = 3 * pi / 2 Thens = lbc + (yA - yC)Elses = (xB - xA) / Cos(fab)End IfQ1 = vxA - vxC - wab * s * Sin(fab)Q2 = vyA - vyC + wab * s * Cos(fab)Q3 = lbc * Sin(fbc) * Sin(fab) + lbc * Cos(fbc) * Cos(fab)wbc = (-Q1 * Sin(fab) + Q2 * Cos(fab)) / Q3vs = -(Q1 * lbc * Cos(fbc) + Q2 * lbc * Sin(fbc)) / Q3Q4 = wbc ^ 2 * lbc * Cos(fbc) - wab ^ 2 * s * Cos(fab) - 2 * vs * wab * Sin(fab) Q5 = wbc ^ 2 * lbc * Sin(fbc) - wab ^ 2 * s * Sin(fab) + 2 * vs * wab * Cos(fab) ebc = (-Q4 * Sin(fab) + Q5 * Cos(fab))atd = lbc * ebcadn = wbc ^ 2 * lbcxD = xC + lbc * Sin(fbc)yD = yC - lbc * Cos(fbc)vxD = wbc * lbc * Cos(fbc)vyD = wbc * lbc * Sin(fbc)axD = -adn * Sin(fbc) + atd * Cos(fbc)ayD = adn * Cos(fbc) + atd * Sin(fbc)End SubPrivate Sub RPR() 'Ⅱ级杆组RPR(滑块4、杆5)lde = Sqr((xD - xE) ^ 2 + (yD - yE) ^ 2)If xD>xE And yD>yE Then '第一象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE))ElseEnd IfIf xD<xE And yD>= yE Then '第二象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + piElseEnd IfIf xD<xE And yD<yE Then '第三象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + piElseEnd IfIf xD>xE And yD<= yE Then '第四象限fde = Atn((yD - yE) / (xD - xE)) + 2 * piElseEnd IfIf xD = xE And yD>yE Then 'y轴正向fde = 0.5 * piElseEnd IfIf xD = xE And yD<yE Then 'y轴负向fde = 1.5 * piElseEnd Ifwde = (vyD * Cos(fde) - vxD * Sin(fde)) / ldeede = (ayD * Cos(fde) - axD * Sin(fde) - 2 * (vxD * Cos(fde) + vyD * Sin(fde)) * wde) / ldeEnd Sub3.计算结果(绘制构件运动图线):构件5角位移构件5角速度图像构件5角加速度图像4. 构件运动属性随主动件的转动变化列举(角度变化为Δθ=1°):角构件5角位移(rad) 构件5角速度(rad/s) 构件5角加速度(rad/s2) 度0 5.651270995 14.76627109 -14893.44451 5.676722398 14.40057723 -14666.11492 5.701544405 14.04504413 -14437.389243 5.72575477 13.69968448 -14207.738354 5.749371219 13.36445541 -13977.573885 5.772411362 13.03926746 -13747.254436 5.794892617 12.72399249 -13517.091297 5.81683215 12.41847071 -13287.353848 5.838246824 12.12251691 -13058.274499 5.859153164 11.83592579 -12830.0532810 5.879567318 11.55847668 -12602.8619311 5.899505042 11.28993752 -12376.8475912 5.918981679 11.0300683 -12152.1361113 5.938012146 10.77862402 -11928.8350114 5.956610932 10.53535705 -11707.0360415 5.974792092 10.30001929 -11486.8174616 5.992569251 10.07236376 -11268.2460217 6.009955602 9.85214605 -11051.3786618 6.026963915 9.639125439 -10836.2639619 6.043606546 9.433065763 -10622.9434620 6.059895442 9.23373613 -10411.4526421 6.07584215 9.040911451 -10201.8219122 6.091457833 8.854372832 -9994.07727823 6.106753275 8.673907846 -9788.24104524 6.121738897 8.499310711 -9584.3322825 6.136424764 8.330382385 -9382.36725426 6.150820603 8.166930588 -9182.35977527 6.164935808 8.008769777 -8984.32146228 6.178779457 7.855721072 -8788.26195529 6.192360321 7.707612149 -8594.18907930 6.205686876 7.564277103 -8402.10897231 6.218767314 7.425556294 -8212.02617732 6.231609553 7.291296171 -8023.94371133 6.244221248 7.161349095 -7837.86311234 6.256609803 7.035573143 -7653.78447335 6.268782379 6.913831914 -7471.70646336 6.2807459 6.795994337 -7291.62634137 9.32E-03 6.68193447 -7113.53996638 2.09E-02 6.571531308 -6937.44180339 0.032262796 6.464668594 -6763.32492540 4.35E-02 6.361234628 -6591.18102541 5.45E-02 6.26112209 -6421.00041842 6.53E-02 6.164227865 -6252.77205243 0.075988655 6.070452866 -6086.48352644 8.65E-02 5.979701878 -5922.121145 9.69E-02 5.891883397 -5759.66971946 0.107072173 5.806909481 -5599.11303747 0.117135002 5.724695602 -5440.43344848 0.127056689 5.645160514 -5283.6121149 0.136841842 5.568226113 -5128.62898950 0.146494934 5.493817317 -4975.46289451 0.15602031 5.421861945 -4824.09151752 0.16542219 5.352290598 -4674.4914853 0.174704676 5.285036556 -4526.63838254 0.183871758 5.220035668 -4380.50684555 0.192927313 5.157226257 -4236.07056556 0.201875114 5.096549022 -4093.30236857 0.210718833 5.037946952 -3952.17425558 0.219462042 4.981365236 -3812.65746359 0.228108222 4.926751184 -3674.72251360 2.37E-01 4.874054148 -3538.3392761 2.45E-01 4.823225447 -3403.4769962 2.53E-01 4.774218296 -3270.10438263 2.62E-01 4.726987743 -3138.18965364 2.70E-01 4.681490596 -3007.70056765 2.78E-01 4.637685368 -2878.60449466 0.286188901 4.595532216 -2750.86846467 0.294174009 4.554992884 -2624.45921368 0.302089743 4.51603065 -2499.34323469 0.309938826 4.478610274 -2375.48682770 0.31772392 4.442697951 -2252.85614471 0.325447626 4.40826126 -2131.41723472 0.333112495 4.375269121 -2011.13608873 0.34072102 4.343691751 -1891.97868474 0.348275646 4.313500625 -1773.91102575 0.355778768 4.284668431 -1656.89918776 0.363232735 4.257169038 -1540.9093577 0.370639852 4.230977453 -1425.90784578 0.37800238 4.206069791 -1311.86118679 0.385322539 4.182423239 -1198.73611280 0.392602512 4.160016021 -1086.49961881 0.399844443 4.13882737 -975.118993782 0.407050442 4.118837498 -864.561859383 0.414222585 4.100027562 -754.796196684 0.421362914 4.08237964 -645.790384785 0.428473444 4.065876704 -537.51323386 0.435556158 4.050502591 -429.934014487 0.442613013 4.036241977 -323.022498488 0.44964594 4.023080356 -216.748983889 0.456656844 4.011004013 -111.08433290 0.463647609 4 -691 0.470620095 3.990056116 98.5319262392 0.477576142 3.981160883 202.538697793 0.484517572 3.973303522 306.046868294 0.491446186 3.966473937 409.082259795 0.49836377 3.960662689 511.669926496 0.505272094 3.955860979 613.834118797 0.512172913 3.952060626 715.598246298 0.519067966 3.949254046 816.984839299 0.525958984 3.947434235 918.0155099 100 0.532847682 3.946594748 1018.710912 101 0.539735765 3.946729679 1119.0907 102 0.546624931 3.947833642 1219.173486 103 0.553516865 3.94990175 1318.976795 104 0.560413247 3.9529296 1418.51702 105 0.567315749 3.956913248 1517.809379 106 0.574226034 3.961849192 1616.867862107 0.581145763 3.967734353 1715.705182 108 0.588076591 3.97456605 1814.332729 109 0.595020166 3.982341987 1912.760512 110 0.601978135 3.991060224 2010.997111 111 0.608952141 4.000719164 2109.049616 112 0.615943826 4.011317523 2206.923577 113 0.622954827 4.022854314 2304.622942 114 0.629986782 4.035328821 2402.150002 115 0.637041327 4.048740578 2499.505327 116 0.644120098 4.063089343 2596.687713 117 0.651224729 4.078375073 2693.694114 118 0.658356857 4.094597902 2790.519586 119 0.665518118 4.111758112 2887.157222 120 0.672710146 4.129856105 2983.598094 121 0.679934581 4.148892379 3079.831188 122 0.687193059 4.168867498 3175.843346 123 0.69448722 4.189782061 3271.619206 124 0.701818704 4.211636674 3367.141145 125 0.709189153 4.234431917 3462.389221 126 0.716600208 4.258168314 3557.34112 127 0.724053512 4.282846299 3651.972103 128 0.73155071 4.308466182 3746.254959 129 0.739093444 4.335028115 3840.159964 130 0.74668336 4.362532057 3933.654834 131 0.754322102 4.390977737 4026.704696 132 0.762011312 4.420364617 4119.272056 133 0.769752632 4.450691856 4211.316778 134 0.777547703 4.481958271 4302.796065 135 0.785398163 4.514162296 4393.664455 136 0.793305647 4.547301949 4483.873819 137 0.801271785 4.581374785 4573.373368 138 0.809298203 4.616377864 4662.10968 139 0.817386522 4.652307705 4750.026723 140 0.825538357 4.689160253 4837.065902 141 0.833755314 4.726930833 4923.166108 142 0.842038989 4.765614119 5008.263792 143 0.850390973 4.805204089 5092.293039 144 0.85881284 4.845693993 5175.185667 145 0.867306155 4.887076317 5256.871335 146 0.875872468 4.929342744 5337.277666 147 0.884513316 4.972484126 5416.330391 148 0.893230216 5.016490453 5493.953504 149 0.902024668 5.06135082 5570.069429 150 0.910898153 5.107053405 5644.599218151 0.91985213 5.153585444 5717.462746 152 0.928888034 5.200933207 5788.578936 153 0.938007278 5.249081987 5857.865994 154 0.947211244 5.298016082 5925.241659 155 0.95650129 5.347718782 5990.623467 156 0.965878741 5.398172371 6053.929029 157 0.975344892 5.449358117 6115.076322 158 0.984901004 5.50125628 6173.983991 159 0.994548301 5.553846118 6230.571658 160 1.004287974 5.607105897 6284.760239 161 1.01412117 5.661012913 6336.472274 162 1.024048999 5.715543509 6385.63225 163 1.034072529 5.770673107 6432.166939 164 1.044192782 5.826376242 6476.005722 165 1.054410737 5.882626595 6517.080922 166 1.064727325 5.939397042 6555.328128 167 1.07514343 5.9966597 6590.686511 168 1.085659886 6.054385983 6623.099128 169 1.096277477 6.112546661 6652.513223 170 1.106996934 6.171111921 6678.880498 171 1.117818939 6.230051439 6702.157385 172 1.128744116 6.289334449 6722.305279 173 1.139773039 6.348929824 6739.290767 174 1.150906226 6.408806148 6753.085818 175 1.162144138 6.468931809 6763.66796 176 1.173487184 6.529275074 6771.020416 177 1.184935716 6.589804184 6775.132227 178 1.19649003 6.650487441 6775.998326 179 1.208150368 6.711293297 6773.619598 180 1.219916916 6.772190444 6768.002899 181 1.231789807 6.83314791 6759.161041 182 1.243769119 6.894135142 6747.112752 183 1.255854878 6.955122103 6731.882601 184 1.268047058 7.016079353 6713.500888 185 1.280345581 7.076978139 6692.00351 186 1.292750322 7.137790478 6667.431793 187 1.305261104 7.198489235 6639.832297 188 1.317877708 7.2590482 6609.256601 189 1.330599866 7.319442166 6575.761054 190 1.343427271 7.379646989 6539.406511 191 1.356359571 7.439639663 6500.258049 192 1.369396376 7.49939837 6458.384664 193 1.382537261 7.558902541 6413.858952 194 1.395781764 7.618132907 6366.756784195 1.409129392 7.677071537 6317.156965 196 1.42257962 7.735701887 6265.14089 197 1.436131897 7.794008824 6210.792195 198 1.449785647 7.851978666 6154.196404 199 1.46354027 7.909599198 6095.440585 200 1.477395147 7.966859697 6034.612997 201 1.491349642 8.023750943 5971.802751 202 1.505403102 8.080265231 5907.099479 203 1.519554865 8.136396376 5840.593006 204 1.533804258 8.192139715 5772.373037 205 1.5481506 8.247492105 5702.528856 206 1.562593208 8.302451918 5631.149038 207 1.577131396 8.357019033 5558.321178 208 1.59176448 8.411194821 5484.131631 209 1.606491779 8.464982136 5408.665274 210 1.621312618 8.518385297 5332.005281 211 1.636226333 8.571410069 5254.232914 212 1.651232268 8.624063647 5175.427339 213 1.666329783 8.676354634 5095.665446 214 1.681518254 8.728293022 5015.021703 215 1.696797074 8.779890169 4933.568012 216 1.712165661 8.831158781 4851.373588 217 1.727623451 8.882112888 4768.504855 218 1.743169909 8.932767829 4685.025357 219 1.758804528 8.983140227 4600.995675 220 1.77452683 9.033247978 4516.473375 221 1.790336369 9.083110231 4431.512952 222 1.806232735 9.132747374 4346.165793 223 1.822215553 9.182181025 4260.480158 224 1.838284488 9.231434017 4174.501155 225 1.854439246 9.280530396 4088.270741 226 1.870679574 9.329495413 4001.827724 227 1.887005267 9.378355524 3915.207766 228 1.903416166 9.427138389 3828.443409 229 1.91991216 9.475872882 3741.56409 230 1.936493191 9.524589094 3654.596168 231 1.953159255 9.573318347 3567.56296 232 1.969910403 9.622093209 3480.484768 233 1.986746743 9.670947517 3393.378917 234 2.003668445 9.719916394 3306.259795 235 2.02067574 9.769036285 3219.138886 236 2.037768924 9.818344983 3132.024812 237 2.054948362 9.867881672 3044.923365 238 2.072214486 9.917686961 2957.837547239 2.089567801 9.967802939 2870.767604 240 2.107008888 10.01827322 2783.71105 241 2.124538404 10.06914301 2696.662703 242 2.142157087 10.12045915 2609.614703 243 2.159865759 10.17227021 2522.556533 244 2.177665326 10.22462654 2435.475033 245 2.195556786 10.27758035 2348.354411 246 2.213541228 10.33118583 2261.176243 247 2.231619839 10.38549918 2173.919471 248 2.249793905 10.44057878 2086.560394 249 2.268064815 10.49648522 1999.072648 250 2.286434068 10.55328149 1911.427181 251 2.304903273 10.61103303 1823.59222 252 2.323474156 10.66980789 1735.533225 253 2.342148565 10.72967686 1647.212842 254 2.360928473 10.79071361 1558.590832 255 2.379815985 10.85299484 1469.624007 256 2.398813342 10.91660043 1380.266139 257 2.417922928 10.9816136 1290.467866 258 2.437147274 11.0481211 1200.176582 259 2.456489068 11.11621339 1109.336319 260 2.475951156 11.18598479 1017.887606 261 2.495536555 11.25753373 925.7673213 262 2.515248456 11.33096292 832.9085287 263 2.535090233 11.40637958 739.2402931 264 2.555065453 11.48389563 644.687483 265 2.57517788 11.56362796 549.1705546 266 2.595431489 11.64569862 452.605317 267 2.615830472 11.73023508 354.9026776 268 2.636379246 11.81737043 255.9683687 269 2.657082469 11.9072437 155.7026516 270 2.677945045 12 54 271 2.698972136 12.09579084 -49.25123962 272 2.720169177 12.19477433 -154.16921 273 2.741541882 12.29711538 -260.8789293 274 2.763096261 12.40298597 -369.5127 275 2.784838628 12.5125653 -480.2105427 276 2.806775619 12.62603996 -593.1206523 277 2.828914201 12.7436041 -708.3998776 278 2.851261686 12.86545951 -826.2142221 279 2.873825745 12.99181568 -946.7393647 280 2.896614422 13.1228898 -1070.161198 281 2.919636147 13.25890668 -1196.676381 282 2.942899748 13.40009858 -1326.492899283 2.966414465 13.54670498 -1459.830631 284 2.990189962 13.69897215 -1596.92191 285 3.014236339 13.85715265 -1738.012069 286 3.03856414 14.02150458 -1883.359973 287 3.063184366 14.19229075 -2033.238495 288 3.088108479 14.36977744 -2187.934953 289 3.113348406 14.55423308 -2347.751462 290 3.138916547 14.74592648 -2513.005186 291 3.164825766 14.94512472 -2684.028462 292 3.191089393 15.15209073 -2861.168755 293 3.217721209 15.36708025 -3044.788411 294 3.244735433 15.59033836 -3235.264152 295 3.272146701 15.82209544 -3432.986263 296 3.299970033 16.06256236 -3638.357411 297 3.328220797 16.31192507 -3851.791015 298 3.356914659 16.57033834 -4073.709092 299 3.386067523 16.83791857 -4304.539493 300 3.415695457 17.11473584 -4544.712426 301 3.445814605 17.40080484 -4794.656164 302 3.476441079 17.69607489 -5054.791817 303 3.50759084 18.00041893 -5325.527077 304 3.53927955 18.31362154 -5607.248798 305 3.571522411 18.63536601 -5900.314316 306 3.60433397 18.96522071 -6205.041424 307 3.637727914 19.30262471 -6521.696914 308 3.671716826 19.64687324 -6850.483668 309 3.706311923 19.99710298 -7191.526309 310 3.741522764 20.35227795 -7544.855479 311 3.777356945 20.71117638 -7910.390911 312 3.813819753 21.07237927 -8287.923564 313 3.850913824 21.43426153 -8677.097172 314 3.888638771 21.79498642 -9077.389742 315 3.926990817 22.15250437 -9488.095643 316 3.965962423 22.50455722 -9908.309074 317 4.005541936 22.84868866 -10336.90988 318 4.045713253 23.18226199 -10772.55272 319 4.086455532 23.50248579 -11213.66079 320 4.127742946 23.80644791 -11658.42518 321 4.169544512 24.09115807 -12104.81101 322 4.211823995 24.35359852 -12550.57119 323 4.254539912 24.59078188 -12993.26869 324 4.297645637 24.79981492 -13430.30738 325 4.341089626 24.97796606 -13858.97143 326 4.384815759 25.12273412 -14276.47267327 4.428763801 25.23191553 -14680.00441 328 4.472869976 25.30366675 -15066.80024 329 4.517067644 25.33655883 -15434.19516 330 4.561288069 25.32962121 -15779.68675 331 4.60546124 25.28237224 -16100.99329 332 4.649516748 25.19483483 -16396.10616 333 4.693384663 25.06753614 -16663.334 334 4.736996405 24.90149146 -16901.33649 335 4.780285573 24.69817319 -17109.14645 336 4.823188699 24.45946661 -17286.17927 337 4.865645929 24.18761506 -17432.23011 338 4.907601592 23.88515729 -17547.45927 339 4.949004657 23.55486017 -17632.36742 340 4.98980907 23.19964997 -17687.7623 341 5.029973974 22.82254493 -17714.71923 342 5.069463816 22.42659175 -17714.53761 343 5.108248339 22.01480796 -17688.69562 344 5.146302494 21.5901315 -17638.805 345 5.183606256 21.15537851 -17566.56784 346 5.220144385 20.71320962 -17473.73648 347 5.255906129 20.2661045 -17362.07765 348 5.290884894 19.81634447 -17233.34134 349 5.325077886 19.36600218 -17089.23479 350 5.358485742 18.91693765 -16931.40148 351 5.391112162 18.47079954 -16761.40501 352 5.422963541 18.0290308 -16580.7174 353 5.454048622 17.59287767 -16390.71142 354 5.484378157 17.16340106 -16192.65635 355 5.513964598 16.74148976 -15987.71668 356 5.54282181 16.32787449 -15776.95316 357 5.570964803 15.92314255 -15561.32571 358 5.5984095 15.52775234 -15341.69776 359 5.62517252 15.14204762 -15118.84162 360 5.651270995 14.76627109 -14893.44455.计算结果分析:1、原动件AB转动一周,构件5随之转动一周。
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G 55
xD xE 5 2 ( x D x E ) 2 s5 5 sin 5
G 65 yD yE 5 2 ( y D y E ) 2 s5 5 cos 5
如此便实现了计算的目的。
二.电算程序的设计
xE yE
800, xE 0, yE
0, xE 0, yE
0
0
(1)位置分析 首先可以求出 ED 杆的角位移如下:
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
A5 xD xE B5 yD yE
5 arctan A5 B5
以 B 为基点,带入角度 j 得到 D 点的位移为:
xD yD
xB yB
l2 l2
cos2 sin 2
l2 700
(2)速度方程 对 BD 杆使用速度瞬心法,得到 BD 杆的角速度以及移动副 C 相对 B 点的速度如下:
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
根据上面建模的结果,显然对于特定的 t 值,我们能够确定特定的 D 的位移与构件 5 的角位移、 角速度与角加速度。由于现在微型计算机都具有非常强大的计算功能,我们可以取T 5000 为步长, 计算 5000 个特定的 t 对应的 xD、yD、5、5、5 值,从而比较精确地求出 D 点的运动轨迹和构件 5 的运动情况曲线。
第一部分:求 D 的位移、速度与加速度
(1)位置方程
在计算之前,通过基本的推理,已知 B 点的位移、速度与加速度如下:
xB yB
r cost
r
sin
t
xB y B
sin t
cost
xB yB
2 2
cost sin t
图 3. 构件 5 的角速度图线
图 4. 构件 5 的角速度图线
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
图 5. 构件 5 的角加速度图线 MATLAB 程序详见附录二。
五.计算结果分析
通过使用 VS 2008 与 MATLAB 进行电算,并输出以上计算结果,我们可以得到以下三点结论: 首先,由于工程上的很多问题都涉及到微分方程,而很多微分方程并没有显式解或者其显式解非 常复杂。故在编写电算程序的时候,可以尽可能地发挥现代个人计算机计算能力的优势,使用小步长 多步数的方式进行问题解决,从而避免去求一些繁琐的微分方程。如果用足够小的步长去逼近微分方 程的解的话,能够得到非常精确的结果。 其次,在进行电算程序编程的时候,要注意一些基本数学函数的定义域与值域分析,在必要的时 候要进行一些简单处理,以使实际情况符合该初等函数的运算条件。 第三,在进行机械电算的时候,要注重编程之前的理论计算。如果理论计算出了问题,将会对整 个电算过程造成非常大的害处。
程序见附录一。
第四页共九页
机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
(a)
(b)
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
(c)
(d)
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
(e) 图 1. (a)-(e)连杆动画截图
图 2. 连杆中 D 点的运动轨迹
第七页共九页
机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
C 点的位移、速度与加速度如下:
xC yC
400, xC 0, yC
0,
0, xC yC
0
0
r 200
10
通过以上条件,我们可以求出连杆 BD 的角位移:
A2 xC xB B2 yC yB
2 arctan A2 B2
yE )]
G45
G45 (xD xE ) cos5 ( yD yE ) sin 5
(3)加速度分析 对 2 和 3 构成的杆组进行分析,得到 ED 的角加速度如下:
5 5 (G 65 cos 5 G 55 sin 5 ) G 45
s5 [G 55 ( x D x E ) G 65 ( y D y E )] G 45
G 52
xC xB 2 2 ( x C x B ) 2 s 2 sin 2
G 62 yC yB 2 2 ( y C y B ) 2 s 2 cos 2
关于 B 对 D 使用基点法,求出 D 的加速度如下:
xD yD
xBБайду номын сангаасyB
2l2 sin 2 22l2 cos2 2l2 cos2 22l2 sin 2
第二部分:求构件 5 的角位移、角速度与角加速度 在计算之前,我们已经知道了 D 点的位移、速度与加速度与 E 点的位移、速度与加速度。
参考文献
[1] 邓宗全,于红英,王知行. 机械原理[M]. 3 版. 北京: 高等教育出版社,2015 [2] 谢金星,等. 大学数学实验[M]. 2 版. 北京: 清华大学出版社,2010
第九页共九页
四.构件 5 的角位移、角速度和角加速度分析
Matlab 作为一款非常受欢迎的数学计算软件,凭借其界面与语言的友好,数学运算的快速与准 确,以及函数图形表示的简洁性,被广泛地被应用于各种数学研究与工程计算之中。
在本道题中,由于对于特定的 t 值,构件 5 的角位移、角速度和角加速度都能够立即得到确定, 故我们将一个周期细分为 5000 小步,并将每一步的计算结果存储在特定的数组中。在最后,通过 MATLAB 中的 plot 函数进行绘图,得到图形如图 3 到图 5 所示。
姓名:程建华 院系:机电工程学院
机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
机械原理大作业
连杆机构运动分析任务书
专业:机械设计制造及其自动化 班号:1408104
学号:1140810414 题号:第 14 题
一.此机构的数学模型
此机构可以拆分为一个主动件(构件1)和两个 RPR 型杆组(构件 2 与 3 以及构件 4 与 5)。题目 的最终目的是获得构件 5 的角位移、角速度与角加速度,而构件 1 的运动规律是已知的。故,通过基 本的运动学分析,得到以下解题步骤与方程式:
简单的计算流程图如下:
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机械原理大作业 之 连杆机构运动分析任务书
开始
输入基本条件以 及 B 的运动方程
对特定的 t 求 D
的运动参量和构
件 5 的运动参量
将算出的结果置 入数组
t t step
i i 1
否
i 5000 ?
是 结束
三.机构的动画
VS 2008(Visual Studious 2008)以其低门槛、操作简洁、用户界面友好而著称。故在此利用 VS 的 GDI 功能进行动画验证。得到其动画效果和 D 点轨迹如图 1 到图 2 所示。
(2)速度分析 对 ED 杆使用速度瞬心法,得到 ED 杆的角速度以及移动副 D 相对 E 点的速度如下:
5 5 [( yD yE ) cos j (xD xE ) sin 5 ] G45
s5
[(xD
xE )(xD
xE ) ( yD
yE )( yD
2 2 s [(xC
[( yC xB )(xC
y B
) cos xB ) (
2 yC
(xC xB ) yB )( yC
sin 2 ] yB )]
G42 G42
G42 (xC xB ) cos2 ( yC yB ) sin 2
关于 B 对 D 使用基点法,求出 D 的速度如下:
xD y D
xB y B
2l2 sin 2 2l2 cos2
(3)加速度分析 对 2 和 3 构成的杆组进行分析,得到 BD 的角加速度以及移动副 C 的相对加速度如下:
2 2 (G 62 cos 2 G 52 sin 2 ) G 42 s [G 52 ( x C x B ) G 62 ( y C y B )] G 42