初中英语被动语态复习

被动语态

（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。

（二）被动语态的构成

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken

一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken

过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken

过去完成时：had been + spoken

（三）主动语态变被动语态的方法

（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.

He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.

（四）含有情态动词的被动语态

We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.

They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.

（五）特殊情况（一感二听三让四看）

1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.

→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.

2.Mother never lets me watch TV .

→I am never let to watch TV by mother.

常见的句型结构：

It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）...... It is(was)well known that......众所周知

It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......) 二、典型例题

（）1．—Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.

–I’m sorry, but I _____ when to meet.

A. don’t tell

B. didn’t tell

C. haven’t told

D. wasn’t told

（）2．Many old houses around our school ____ next year and a large green area will appear.

A. pull down

B. will be pulled down

C. will pull down

D. are pulled down （）3．--- My watch ______. --- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Lost & Found.

A. is lost

B. is broken

C. has found

D. has stopped （）4．---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party? ---No, I___________.

A. am not invited

B. wasn’t invited

C. haven’t invited

D. didn’t invite

（）5．-- How often ______ your school sports meeting ______?-- Once a year.

A. does; hold

B. was; hold

C. is; held

D. did; hold

（）6．The Olympic Games ___________every four years.

A are held

B were held C．are holding D．will ho1d

（）7．.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.

A. allow

B. be allow

C. allowed

D. be allowed

（）8．—Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. —Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou.

A. painted

B. were painting

C. were painted

D. had painted （）9．---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: ―Rubbish into the dustbin.‖ ---Sorry.

A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D, must be thrown （）10．He is made ______work for12 hours every day.

A．work B working C．to work D. worked

（）11. The girl was often heard happily in her room.

A. sing

B. to sing

C. singing

D. sings

（）12. Usually computers _________to search the Internet.

A. use

B. are using

C. are used

D. used

（）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.

A. will be built

B. was built

C. has built

D. will build

（）14. The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday.

A. is taken

B. was taken

C. takes

D. took

（）15. --It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.

--I think a bridge _________ over the river.

A. was built

B. is being built

C. has been built

D. should be built

（）16. --David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it.

--But it ________ off already! The music is from the radio.

A. so that, has been turned

B. when, has turned

C. if, has been turned

D. because, has turned