高分子化学2008年度试卷 合肥工业大学(A卷)
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以下问题请用中文作答。
1. Explain the following concepts (名词解释)（2×5 points）
(1)half life of initiator; (2) auto-acceleration in radical polymerization; (3) kinetic chain length (动力学链长); (4) functional polymer (功能高分子); (5) gel point (凝胶点) of crosslinking polycondensation.
2. Write the reaction formulation (方程式) of following polymers. If an initiator is needed, please clearly indicate it. （2×5 points）
(1) poly(vinyl acetate) (聚醋酸乙烯酯) by emulsion (乳液) polymerization; (2) poly(methyl methacrylate) (有机玻璃); (3) polyurethane (聚氨酯); (4) poly(vinyl alcohol);
(5) polyisobutylene (聚异丁烯).
3. What is the main effect (因素) that influences the degree of polymerization of poly (vinyl chloride) (聚氯乙烯) , which is polymerized by suspension polymerization? Why? （5 points）
4. What is the difference in monomer structure between anionic polymerization and cationic polymerization. Please give an example. （5 points）
5. The reactivity (反应活性) of styrene (苯乙烯) is considerably higher than that of vinyl acetate, but a little amount (少量) of styrene can terminate the homopolymerization (均聚) of vinyl acetate. Please explain this phenomenon. （5 points）
6. Please describe some methods which can increase the degree of polymerization of linear polycondensation. If water is required to remove from the synthesis of polyester (聚酯), what processes (操作) can be applied? （10 points）
7. What is the composition (组成) of basic type of Ziegler-Natta catalyst? Please indicate the difference of type of reaction mechanism (反应机理类型) and chain structure (链结构) among LDPE, HDPE, and LLDPE. （10 points）
8. Consider the polymerization of styrene initiated by AIBN at 60℃. For a solution of 0.01 mol/L AIBN and 1.0 mol/L styrene in benzene, the initial rates of initiation and polymerization are 4×10-11 and 1.5×10-7 mol/(L·s), respectively. No chain transfer reactions happen. Calculate the values of (fk d), the initial kinetic chain length, and the initial degree of polymerization. （10 points）
9.2-ferrocenylethyl acrylate (FEA) has been synthesized and copolymerized with styrene, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate. The following monomer reactivity ratios were found: （10 points）
the comonomer feed composition for the radical copolymerizations of FEA-methyl acrylate and FEA-styrene.
(2) Is styrene monomer a more or less reactive monomer than FEA monomer toward the FEA propagating center? By what factor?
(3) List styrene, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate in order of increasing reactivity toward the FEA propagating center. Please give the reason.
10. What proportion of benzoic acid should be used with an equimolar mixture of adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine to produce a polymer of 10,000 molecular weight at 99.5% conversion? Do the same calculation for 19,000 molecular weight products. （10 points）
11. Please calculate the gel points of following reaction system by Carothers equation and the statistical approach, respectively. （10 points）
Reaction system: phthalic anhydride, glycerol, and ethylene glycol in the molar ratio 1.500 : 0.500 : 0.700.
12. Are there any problems you have met in study this lesson? Please give some advice to improve the English/Chinese lesson of Polymer Chemistry. （5 points）