审计学一种整合的方法

审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 3
Explain the auditor’s responsibility for discovering material misstatements.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Auditor’s Responsibilities
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审计学一种整合的方法
Management Assertions
1. Assertions about classes of transactions and • events for the period under audit
•2. Assertions about account balances a period end
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审计学一种整合的方法
Transaction Flow Example
•Transactions
•Cash •disbursements
•Payroll •services and •disbursements
•Journals •Cash
•disbursements •journal
Management’s Responsibilities
•The Sarbanes-Oxley Act provides for criminal •penalties for anyone who knowingly falsely •certifies the statements.
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•adjustments
•General •journal
•Financial •statements
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审计学一种整合的方法
Relationships Among Transaction Cycles
•General •cash
•Capital acquisition •and repayment cycle
•It requires the CEO and the CFO of public •companies to certify the quarterly and annual •financial statements submitted to the SEC.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Describe why the auditor obtains a combination of assurance by auditing classes of transactions and ending balances in accounts, including presentation and disclosure.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Steps to Develop Audit Objectives
•1. Understand objectives and • responsibilities for the audit.
•2. Divide financial statements into cycles.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Auditor’s Responsibilities for Discovering Illegal Acts
➢ Evidence accumulation and other actions • when there is reason to believe direct- or • indirect-effect illegal acts may exist
•3. Know management assertions about • accounts.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Steps to Develop Audit Objectives
•4. Know general audit objectives for • classes of transactions and accounts.
•3. Assertions about presentation and disclosure
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审计学一种整合的方法
Management Assertions for Each Category of Assertions
•Assertions About Classes •of Transactions and Events
•Statements
•General ledger •and subsidiary
•records
•General ledger •trial balance
•Acquisition •of goods
•and services
•Acquisitions •journal
•Financial •statements
•5. Know specific audit objectives for • classes of transactions and accounts.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 2
Distinguish management’s
responsibility for the financial
➢ Actions when the auditor knows of an illegal act
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审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 4
Classify transactions and account balances into financial statement cycles and identify benefits of a cycle approach to segmenting the audit.
•Payroll •journal
•Ledgers, •Trial Balance, •and Financial
•Statements
•General ledger •and subsidiary
•records
•General ledger •trial balance
•Allocation •and
➢ Material versus immaterial misstatements ➢ Reasonable assurance ➢ Errors versus fraud ➢ Professional skepticism ➢ Fraud resulting from fraudulent financial reporting versus misappropriation of assets
•Occurrence
•Assertions About •Assertions About •Account Balances •Presentation and Disclosure
•Existence
•Occurrence and rights •and obligations
•Completeness
审计学-一种整合的方法
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2020/11/17
审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 1
Explain the objective of conducting an audit of financial statements and an audit of internal controls.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Financial Statements Cycles
•Audits are performed by dividing the financial •statements into smaller segments or components.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Balance and Transactions Affecting Balances Example
•Accounts Receivable (in thousands)
•Beginning balance•$ 17,521
•Sales
•$144,328 •$137,087 •Cash receipts
statements and internal control
from the auditor’s responsibility
for verifying the financial
statements and effectiveness
of internal control.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Management’s Responsibilities
•Management is responsible for the financial •statements and for internal control.
•The Sarbanes-Oxley Act increases management’s •responsibility for the financial statements.
•Completeness •Completeness
•Accuracy
•Valuation and •Accuracy and
•allocation
•valuation
•Classification
•Classification and •understandability
•Cutoff
•Rights and •obligations
•$
1,242
•Sales returns •and allowances
•Charge-off of •$ 3,323 •uncollectible
•accounts
•Ending balance
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•$ 20,197
审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 6
Distinguish among the three categories of management assertions about financial information.
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审计学一种整合的方法
Auditor’s Responsibilities for Discovering Illegal Acts
➢ Direct-effect illegal acts
➢ Indirect-effect illegal acts
➢ Evidence accumulation when there is no reason to believe indirect-effect illegal act exists
•Sales and •collection
•cycle
•Acquisition •and payment
•cycle
•Payroll and •personnel
•cycle
•Inventory and •warehousing
•cycle
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审计学一种整合的方法
Learning Objective 5
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审计学一种整合的方法
Objective of Conducting an Audit of Financial Statements
•The objective of the ordinary audit of financial •statements is the expression of an opinion of •the fairness with which they present fairly, in •all respects, financial position, result of •operations, and its cash flows in •conformity with GAAP.
审计学一种整合的方法
Transaction Flow Example
•Transactions •Sales
•Cash •receipts
•Journals •Sales •journal
•Cash receipts •journal
•Ledgers, •Trial Balance, •and Financial