剑桥商务英语口试必备手册====每天必读

UNIT ONE Company Operation and Management第一单元公司运作与管理1.1 Teamwork 团队合作Teamwork 团队合作，团队精神Team-based 以团队为基础的Horizontal[ˌhɔrəˈzɑntl] [ˌhɔrəˈzɑntl] organization structure 横向企业结构Corporate goals 企业目标Charter 规章，章程Be accountable for 对…负有责任Creative innovation 创新改革，创新发明创新精神Reward system 奖励制度Pay back 回报，报偿Individuality 个性Independent thinking 独立的思想Group decision-making 集体决策Managerial skill 管理技能Coordinate 使协调，调整Interpersonal relationship 人际关系Mutual trust 相互信任Bring out the potentials 充分发挥潜能Closely-knit （关系）密切的Keep track of 跟踪，追踪Time-consuming 花费时间的Line manager 部门经理，业务经理（与行政经理相对）Pre-building 团队建设Nurture 培养，教育，发展['nə:tʃə]vt. 养育; 培育, 培养n. 教养, 培育Nurture team dynamics [dai'næmiks]培养团队活力Promote [prə'məut] team spirit 提倡团队精神Drive team success 驱使团队成功Minimize ['minimaiz]将…减少到最少，最小化Inhibit [in'hibit]约束，抑止Liven ['laɪvən]up 使…有生气Training session ['seʃən]一场训练，培训课期Rafting ['rɑ:ftiŋ]漂流Rock climbing 攀岩Teammate 队友Impact 影响，效果Complementary [,kɔmplə'mentəri:, -tri:]补充的，互补的Revitalize [ri:'vaɪtl,aɪz]使新生，给予新的活力Trait [treit]（个人性格方面的）特征，显著的特点Commitment [kə'mitmənt]敬业精神Interpersonal communication skills 人际交际技能，亦作interpersonal skills Address 处理（事情）How to Make Teams Effective如何组建精锐的团队People in every workplace talk about building the team, working as a team, and my team, but few understand how to create the experience of teamwork or how to develop an effective team.在各种工作场合，人们都在谈论团队建设、团队合作、自己的团队，但是却很少有人真正理解如何体验团队合作以及如何组建一支精锐的团队。

Belonging to a team, in the broadest sense, is a result of feeling part of something larger than yourself.属于一个团队，就是体验自己成为比自己更大的团体的一部分。

It has a lot to do with your understanding of the mission or objectives of your organization.这在很大程度上与你对企业任务和目标的理解有关。

In a team-oriented environment, you contribute to the overall success of the organization.在以团队为导向的环境里，你要为企业的全面成功做出自己的贡献。

You work with fellow members of the organization to produce these results.你要和同事们通力合作以达到这些目标。

Even though you have a specific job function and you belong to a specific department, you are unified with other organization members to accomplish the overall objectives.即使你属于某个工作部门，有着具体工作职责，你仍然要与其他同事团结一致去实现这些总体目标。

The bigger picture drives your actions; your function exists to serve the bigger picture.你的行动受到企业更大目标的驱使，你的职责服务于企业更大的目标。

Therefore, executives, managers, and organization staff members universally explore ways to improve business results and profitability.因而，行政主管、经理以及组织的普通员工无不对提高企业绩效和盈利能力的办法进行探讨。

Many view team-based, Horizontal[ˌhɔrəˈzɑntl] organization structures as the best design for involving all employees in creating business success.许多人认为，让全体员工参与、为企业成功共同努力的最好策略是采取以团队为基础的横向企业结构。

Successful team building requires attention to each of the following Twelve Cs.成功的团队建设要遵循以下12条建议：Clear expectations: Do team members understand why the team was created?明确目标：团队成员是否明确团队组建的目的？Context:Can team members define their team’s importance to the accomplishment of corporate goals?组建背景：团队成员是否明确团队对于实现企业目标的重要性？Commitment: Do team members perceive their service as valuable to the organization and to their own careers?敬业精神：团队成员是否认识到团队对于企业以及对自身事业的成功都很重要？Competence: Does the team feel that its members have the knowledge, skill, and capability to address the issues for which the team was formed?团队能力：团队是否感知其成员拥有应对种种问题的知识、技能和实际能力？而团队组建的目的就是为了解决这些问题。

Charter: Has the team taken its assigned area of responsibility and designed its own mission, vision, and strategies to accomplish the mission?团队规章：团队是否明确自己的职责范围并规划出自己的目标、远景和对策以完成使命？Control: Do team members hold each other accountable for project timelines, commitments, and results?内部控制：团队成员是否对项目时间安排、应承担的义务和结果等共同负有责任？Collaboration: Do team members cooperate to accomplish the team charter?协作精神：团队成员是否能相互协作、遵循团队章程？Communication: Do team members communicate clearly and honestly with each other?内部沟通：团队成员之间能否明确、诚实地进行相互沟通？Creative Innovation: Does the team value creative thinking, unique solutions, and new ideas?创新改革：团队是否注重鼓励创新思维、独特的解决办法和新的想法？Consequences:Is the organization designing reward systems that recognize both team and individual performance?结果影响：团队是否制定奖励制度来奖励团队以及个人的工作表现？Coordination: Are teams coordinated by a central leadership that assists the groups to obtain what they need for success?协调配合:团队是否有领导核心来协调工作、帮助各小组取得成功？Cultural Change: Does the organization recognize that the more it can change its climate to support teams, the more it will receive in pay back from the work of the teams?改进文化：企业是否认识到越是通过改变企业氛围来支持团队的工作，就越能够从团队的工作中得到回报？Spend time and attention on each of these twelve tips to ensure your work teams contribute most effectively to your business success.要认真关注这12条建议，以保证你的团队能为企业的成功最有效地作出努力。