大学日语四级专业考试完形填空及答案 2005年

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2005日语专业四级考试试题_答案

2005日语专业四级考试试题大学日本語専攻生四級能力試験問題（試験時間：160分）注意：解答はすべて解答用紙に書きなさい。

二、次の文の下線をつけた単語の正しい読み方や漢字を、後のA、B、C、D、から一つ選びなさい。

（１×10＝10点）21. この荷物は船便で送る。

A．ふねべんB．ふねびんC．ふなべんD．ふなびん22. 木村さんはあの先生の授業を面白がっている。

A．めんしろB．めんじろC．おもしろD．おもじろ23. 納得がいくまで、この問題については話し合う方がいい。

A．のうとくB．なとくC．なつとくD．なっとく24. あなたが説明すれば、みんなおとなしく頷いてくれるだろう。

A．うなずB．うなつC．ふなずD．ふなつ25. この助詞は意思的な動作の場合に限って使える。

A．どうさくB．どさくC．どうさD．どさ26. 日本語には、話し手が聞き手の内面を直接的に表現することをこのまない傾向がある。

A．好B．喜C．悪D．厭27. 改革開放してから二十数年この方、中国はたくましく発展した。

A．盛B．卓C．速D．逞28. 救助のヘリコプターが下ろしたロープを、男はしっかりとつかまえた。

A．揪B．掴C．抓D．握29. 家にないしょで、友達を誘って外へ出かけた。

A．内書B．内緒C．内助D．内相30. 会談はなごやかな雰囲気の中で行なわれた。

A．和B．睦C．温D．粛三、次の文にに入れるのに最も適当な言葉を、後のA、B、C、D、から一つ選びなさい。

（１×15＝15点）31.A．なるべくC．いっそうD．すっかり【解说】なお＝まだ、ても＋なお：如「出発の時が来てもなお彼は迷っていた。

」32. あの人はこわそうだが、本当は心のやさしい人だ。

A．今にもB．正にC．一見D．知見【解说】「今にも＋（様態）そうだ」用来表示动作（动词）马上就要发生，如：「今にも雨が降りそうだ。

」而本题为形容词，所以应该选择「一見」。

2005年12月四级A卷试题及答案（文字版）（2）

2005年12月四级A卷试题及答案（文字版）（2）Part II Reading comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker, Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. “Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, owned by PepsiCo, and accounts f or over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. “Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumers —especially young people — see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is anAmerican company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识). The logo, along with the company’s lo ng-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.原文出处：FritoLay: Using Potato Chips to Spread the Spirit of Free EnterpriseJust five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect "saddle curl," the Lay#39;s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination.But its maker, T exas-based Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. "Potato chips are a snack for the world," said Salman Amin, the company#39;s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world, no race or tribe, that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.The Chinese might have their nyen gao ping, made from rice flour, and the Indians their lentil-and-chickpea namkeens, but Frito-Lay believes they would rather be eating potato chips. Thecompany#39;s research has shown that when given a choice between their local snack and a Frito-Lay chip, consumers in most countries will choose the chip.Putting its findings into practice, Frito-Lay has expanded on all five continents by buying up local snack makers or defeating them with its marketing expertise and sheer size."Never have we introduced Lay#39;s potato chips and had it not be successful," said Dwight Riskey, the research and development head who devised Frito-Lay#39;s global strategy five years ago. "It#39;s been successful every single place we#39;ve introduced it."Thinking Globally, Acting GloballyFrito-Lay, which also produces Doritos and Chee-tos, is the biggest snack maker in the United States, with 55 percent of the potato chip market. It is owned by PepsiCo, and accounts for more than half of the parent company#39;s $3 billion profits every year. But the U.S. snack market is largely saturated, and in order to grow — the key to remaining successful — the company had to look overseas.Riskey#39;s strategy rests on two beliefs: first, that a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second that consumers in the 21st century are drawn to "global" as a concept. By "global," Riskey does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, like Coca-Cola and Nike, but ones that consumers —especially young people — see as part of a modern, innovative world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention — created by a chef in Saratoga Springs, N.Y. in 1853 — but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company.Instead, Riskey would hope they associate the brand with the brave new world of global communications and business.With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo, eventually settling on a red logo with a banner suggesting "celebration" and a sun denoting "universality." The logo, along with the company#39;s long-held marketing image of the "irresistibility" of its chips, would underpin the company#39;s global expansion.Taking Aim at the Local SnackFrito-Lay honed a strategy for moving into new countries where a local snack industry is already established. Rather than face the costs of building a new business in an unfamiliar market, the company identifies the leading local snack manufacturer and offers to buy it out. If the local manufacturer refuses to sell, Frito-Lay moves into the market on its own, using its size and marketing experience to cut into the local manufacturer#39;s sales. Often, at that point, the local company gives in and sells, sometimes for a lower price than the original offer.If the preferred local snack is already a potato chip, Frito-Lay rebrands it. After buying Walkers, the dominant chip in Britain, the Texas company refashioned the Walkers logo into the red "banner sun" design, as a first step toward changing the brand to Frito-Lay outright. Similar plans are under way for Sabritas in Mexico and Simba in South Africa. "We just say, #39;You know that stuff you love? Well, now it#39;s going to be called Lay#39;s,#39;" said Riskey.If the locals are used to eating something other than potato chips, Frito-Lay devises "differentiated products" that bridge the way to the chip. For the Indian market, the company created Kurkure Twisteez, a potato snack that comes in local flavors likeMasala Munch.Sometimes Frito-Lay#39;s products are so unfamiliar that the advertising campaigns focus on educating consumers in the hope of changing their "consumption habits." In China, Frito-Lay ads show potatoes actually being sliced, so people know where the chips come from. In Turkey, the company distributed pamphlets suggesting new recipes and eating habits: "Try a tuna sandwich for lunch, and join it with a bag of chips."Looking for #39;New Occasions#39;Like other multinational companies, Frito-Lay has learned that the best managers are often locals who know the market and culture well. Although they must follow certain global standards —such as the company#39;s long-held marketing theme of "irresistibility" — regional managers are encouraged to look for for new "occasions" to increase sales in their specific areas.In Holland, where the Dutch tend to eat potato chips only at night, as an after-dinner snack, manager Eugene Willemsen focused his efforts on changing their habits by distributing free samples on the streets during the day. He also targeted high schools, knowing that children were driving Frito-Lay#39;s growth in Holland. "For us, the biggest opportunity for growth is to penetrate new occasions with salty snacks," Willemsen said.In South Africa, national sales manager Arnold Selokane boosted sales in native townships by hiring local drivers to make deliveries, making the product seem less foreign. In China, sales director Jackson Chiu raised sales by 57 percent in one year, in part by focusing on girls and young women. "We market to girls and the boys follow," he said.The company encourages such initiative by flying promisingmanagers to the Frito-Lay headquarters in Plano, Texas, or the PepsiCo campus in Purchase, N.Y., for intensive courses on marketing and business development. Selokane and Chiu were among 200 PepsiCo employees honored at the company#39;s annual "Ring of Honor" ceremony in 2001. With honorees from 50 countries, speaking 30 different languages, the four-day program resembled the United Nations#39; General Assembly, complete with headsets and banks of translators.Not Just Potato ChipsThe executives behind Frito-Lay#39;s global expansion acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food that was created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. "We#39;re making products in those countries, we#39;re adapting it to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives," said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo#39;s chief executive.Frank Wong, who runs Frito-Lay#39;s operations in China, believes that by training Chinese managers the company is helping build up an educated middle class that will play a major role in the country#39;s economic transformation. "We bring a lot to China, a lot more than just the brand called Lay#39;s," he said.21. It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marketing that _____.A) potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world marketB) their company must find new ways to promote domestic salesC) the light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chips{D) people all over the world enjoy eating their company’s potato chips}22. What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?A) Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers.B) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.C) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.{D) It needs to turn to the world market for development.}23. One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that _____.{A) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands}B) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brandsC) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profitsD) products identified as American will have promising market value24. Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.{B) To promote the company’s strategy of globalization. }C) To change the company’s l ong-held marketing image.D) To compete with other American chip producers.25. Frito-Lay’s executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market _____.A) won’t affect the eating habits of the local peopleB) will lead to economic imperialism{C) will be in the interest of the local people} D) won’t spoil the taste of their chips。

大学日本语専攻生四级能力试験问题(2005年)

大学日本語専攻生四級能力試験問題第一部分一、聴解（1＊25＝25点）二、次の文の下線をつけた単語の正しい読み方や漢字を後のA、B、C、Dから一つ選びなさい。

（1＊10＝10点）21、この荷物は船便で送る。

A、ふねべんB、ふねびんC、ふなべんD、ふなびん22、木村さんはあの先生の授業を面白がっている。

A、めんしろB、めんじろC、おもしろD、おもじろ23、納得がいくまで、この問題については話し合うほうがいい。

A、のうとくB、なとくC、なつとくD、なっとく24、あなたが説明すれば、皆おとなしく頷いてくれるだろう。

A、うなずB、うなつC、ふなずD、ふなつ25、この助詞は意志的な動作の場合に限って使える。

A、どうさくB、どさくC、どうさD、どさ26、日本語には、話し手が聞き手の内面を直接に表現することをこのまない傾向がある。

A、好B、喜C、悪D、厭27、改革開放してから二十数年このかた、中国はたくましく発展した。

A、盛B、卓C、速D、逞28、救助のヘリコプターが下ろしたロープを、男はしっかりとつかまえた。

A、揪B、掴C、抓D、握29、家にはないしょで、友達を誘って外へ出かけた。

A、内書B、内緒C、内助D、内相30、会談はなごやかな雰囲気の中で行われた。

A、和B、睦C、温D、粛三、次の文の＿＿に入れるのにもっとも適当な言葉を、後のA、B、C、Dから一つ選びなさい。

（1＊15＝15点）31、雨が降っても＿＿＿＿試合は続いている。

A、なるべくB、なおC、いっそうD、すっかり32、あの人は＿＿＿こわそうだが、本当は心のやさしい人だ。

A、今にもB、正にC、一見D、知見33、こちらは私の父の兄、＿＿＿＿私の伯父です。

A、つまりB、なるほどC、やっぱりD、実際は34、郵便局に行く＿＿＿＿タバコ買ってくれない？A、ところにB、とおりにC、ついでにD、どころか35、彼の＿＿＿＿にも程がある。

A、物好きB、好きずきC、お好みD、すき36、この案は、一時＿＿＿にする。

2005年6月四级答案

c) the man is meeting the woman on behalf ofmr. brown.
d) the woman feels sorry that mr. brown is unable to come.
3. a) at 1030.b) at 1025.c) at 1040.d) at 1045.
4. a) the man no longer smokes.
b) he man is under pressure from his wife.
c) the man usually follows his wife’s advice.
d) theman refuses to listen to his doctor’s advice.
d) mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.
2. a) the man is late for the trip because he is busy.
b) the woman is glad to meet mr. brown in person.
5. a) move to a big city.
b) become a teacher.
c) go back to school.
d) work in new york.
6. a) quit delivering flowers.
b) work at a restaurant.
c) bring her flowers every day.
(s8) _____________________________. today, three buildings hold the library’s collection. (s9) ______________________________. it buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. it also gets materials through its copyright office. (s10) ________________________________. this means the library of congress receives almost everything that is published in the united states.

2005年专业四级真题及其参考答案词汇

GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN ]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were52. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist53. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make58. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but59. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman60. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take61. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year?A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there going to be62. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John.A. objected havingB. were objected to havingC. objected to haveD. objected to having63. ________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. Incase, had64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if65. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons.A. themB. /C. itD. theirs66. –Why are you staring?–I’ve never seen ______tree before.67. There are still many problem ahead of us, but by his time next year we can see light at the end of the _________.A. battleB. dayC. roadD. tunnel68. We realized that he was under great _________, so we took no notice of his bad temper.A. excitementB. stressC. crisisD. nervousness69. The director tried to get the actors to _________ to the next scene by hand signals.A. move onB. move offC. move outD. move along70. His ideas are invariably condemned as ________ by his colleagues.A. imaginativeB. ingeniousC. impracticalD. theoretical71. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest72. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum73. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect74. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget75. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive76. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the preciouscave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied77. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out78. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s_________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience79. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture80. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarely参考答案51-60 AABBD ACBBC61-70 ADCCD BDBBC71-80 DABAC ACDDB。

2005年6月四级真题及答案

2005年6月四级真题Part II Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) (ANWR) to help secure America‟s energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR‟s oil would help ease California‟s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country‟s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall（意外之财）in tax revenues, royalties(开采权使用费)and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment would be insignificant. “We‟ve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice.” says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan .Not so far, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America‟s energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWR‟s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State‟s electricity output – and just 3% of the nation‟s.21. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?A) It will exhaust t he nation‟s oil reserves.B) It will help secure the future of ANWR.C) It will help reduce the nation‟s oil importsD) It will increase America‟s energy consumption22. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _______A) believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yieldsB) tends to exaggerate America‟s reliance on foreign oilC) shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWRD) expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia23. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _________A) it can cause serious damage to the environmentB) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problemsC) it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan regionD) it will not have much commercial value24. What do the environmentalists m ean by saying “Not so fast” (Line 1, Para .3)?A) Oil exploitation takes a long timeB) The oil drilling should be delayedC) Don‟t be too optimisticD) Don‟t expect fast returns25. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR‟s frozen earth ______.A) remains a controversial issueB) is expected to get under way soonC) involves a lot of technological problemsD) will enable the U.S. to be oil independentPassage 2“Tear …em apart!” “Kill the fool!” “ Murder the referee (裁判)！”These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made, they may seem innocent enough. But let‟s not kid ourselves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. V olumes have been written about the way words affect us .It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior . I see the term “opponent “ as one of those words . Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent “is “adversary “:“enemy “; “one who opposes your interests.” “Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent a s an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one‟s intellect, and every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player‟s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent‟s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example t o the rest of the sporting world . Replacing the term “opponent “with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.The dictionary meaning of the term “associate “ is “colleague” ; “friend” ; “companion.” Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent.”26. Which of the following statements best expresses the author‟s view?A) Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequencesB) The words people use can influence their behaviorC) Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletesD) Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field27. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players _______A) are too eager to winB) are usually short-tempered and easily offendedC) cannot afford to be polite in fierce competitionD) treat their rivals as enemies28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?A) He refused to continue the gameB) He angrily hit the referee with a ballC) He claimed that the referee was unfairD) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt29. According to the passage, players, in a game , may _______A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their wayB) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the gameC) lie down on the ground as an act of protestD) kick the ball across the court with force30. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by ______A) calling on players to use clean language on the courtB) raising the referee‟s sense of responsibilityC) changing the attitude of players on the sports fieldD) regulating the relationship between players and refereesPassage 3Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .Among the report‟s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings-a German fertilizer described itself as “ earthworm friendly” a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”The study was written and researched by Britain‟s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby grou p Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the envir onmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.31. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standardsB) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceivingC) consumers would believe many of the manufactures‟ claimD) few products actually prove to be environment friendly32. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers ___A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buyB) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labelingC) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environmentD) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment33. A study was carried out by Britain‟s NCC to _______A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standardsB) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buyC) examine claims made by products against ISO standardsD) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization34. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problemsB) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the falseC) They could arouse widespread anger among consumerD) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don‟t need35. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirementsB) see all household products meet environmental standardsC) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green productsD) verify the efforts of non-polluting productsPassage 4Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world‟s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania‟s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.The streams, lakes, meadows (草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats (栖息地) are en dangered by highway construction . To protect the Poconos‟ natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy (大自然保护协会) named the area one of America‟s “Last Great Places”.Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy‟s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.Altemose‟s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family‟s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.Cook attributes the Conservancy‟s success in the Poconos to having a local presence a nd a commitment to working with local residents“The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live there respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation effort.For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world‟s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at .36. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America‟s “Last Great Places” is to ________A) gain support from the local communityB) protect it from irresponsible developmentC) make it a better home for black bearsD) provide financial security for future generations37. We learn from the passage that _______A) the population in the Pocono area is growingB) wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidlyC) the security of the Pocono residents is being threatenedD) farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?A) The setting up of an environmental protection websiteB) Support from organizations like The Nature ConservancyC) Cooperation with the local residents and business leadersD) Inclusion of farmlands in the region‟s protection program39. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence “ (Line 1, Para. 5)?A) Financial contributions from local business leadersB) Consideration of the interests of the local residentsC) The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the areaD) The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area40. The passage most probably is ________A) an official documentB) a news storyC) an advertisementD) a research reportPart III Vocabulary41. A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and _______your text moreeasilyA) register B) editC) propose D) discharge42. We don‟t know why so many people i n that region like to wear dresses of such ______colorsA) low B) humbleC) mild D) dull43. The news has just _____ that the president is going to visit China next monthA) come down B) come upC) come out D) come about44. The ______ that exists among nations could certainly be lessened if misunderstanding and mistrust wereremovedA) tension B) strainC) stress D) intensity45. The other day , Mum and I went to St. James‟s Hospital , and they did lots and lots of tests on me , most ofthem _____ and frighteningA) cheerful B) horribleC) hostile D) friendly46. In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great _.A) fare B) paymentC) worth D) expense47. The writer was so ____ in her work that she didn‟t notice him enter the roomC) focused D) centered48. Actually, information technology can ______ the gap between the poor and the rich.A) link B) breakC) ally D) bridge49. Some research workers completely ______ all those facts as though they never existed.A) ignore B) leaveC) refuse D) miss50. Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ______.A) stage B) sceneC) location D) occasion51. The most basic reason why dialects should be preserved is that language helps to ______ a cultureA) retain B) relateC) remark D) review52. Companies are struggling to find the right _______between supply and demand, but it is no easy taskA) equation B) formulaC) balance D) pattern53. Mass advertising helped to _______ the emphasis from the production of goods to their consumptionA) vary B) shiftC) lay D) moderate54. Because of his excellent administration, people lived in peace and _____ and all previously neglected matterswere taken care of.A) conviction B) contestC) consent D) content55. I know you‟ve got a smooth tongue, so don‟t talk me ______ buying itA) away B) downC) out D) into56. Showing some sense of humor can be a(n) _______ way to deal with some stressful situationA) effective B) efficientC) favorable D) favorite57. The situation described in the report ______ terrible, but it may not happenA) inclines B) maintainsC) sounds D) remains58. The company is trying every means to ______ the wholesale price of its productsA) pull down B) put downC) set down D) bring down59. The mayor ______ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victimsA) rewarded B) awardedC) credited D) prized60. The native Canadians lived in _______ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of lifeA) coordination B) acquaintanceC) contact D) harmony61. Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future _______.A) at all B) so far62. I was impressed _______ the efficiency of the work done in the companyA) in B) aboutC) with D) for63. Now in Britain, wines take up four times as much ______ in the storehouse as both beer and spiritsA) block B) landC) patch D) space64. His hand shook a little as he _______ the key in the lockA) squeezed B) insertedC) stuffed D) pierced65. For professional athletes, _______ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history booksA) access B) attachmentC) appeal D) approach66. In the long _________, the new information technologies may fundamentally alter out way ofA) view B) distanceC) jump D) run67. All the arrangements should be completed _______ your departure.A) prior to B) superior toC) contrary to D) parallel to68. We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who will be _______ with an evenmore competitive marketA) tackled B) encounteredC) dealt D) confronted69. In the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle in Japan was ______equivalent to that in the United StatesA) rudely B) roughlyC) readily D) coarsely70. Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we radically change way we liveA) but B) althoughC) unless D) lestPart IV Short Answer QuestionsWe commonly think of sportsmanship in connection with athletic contests, but it also applies to individual outdoor sports. Not everyone who picks up a fishing rod or goes out with a gun is a sportsman. The sportsman first of all obeys the fish and game laws, not because he is liable to be punished as a violator, but because he knows that in the main these laws are made for his best interests.The following are some of the things that those who would qualify for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity (圈内人) will do.1. Take no more game than the bag limit provided for by the fish and game laws. The person who comes back from a trip boasting about the large number of fish or game taken is not a sportsman but a game hog (贪得无厌的捕猎者) .2. Observe the unwritte n rules of fair play. This means shooting game birds only when the birds are “on the wing”. For the same reason, do not use a shotgun to shoot a rabbit or similar animal while it is sitting or standing still.3. Be careful in removing illegal or undersized fish from the hook. This should be done only after wetting thehands. This is necessary because the body of the fish is covered with a thin, protective film which will stick to your dry hands. If the hands are dry when the fish is handled, the film is torn from the body of the fish. Without the protective film, the fish is more easily attacked by diseases. If you wish to release a fish that is hooked in such a way that it will be impossible to be close to the hook as convenient. In a remarkably short time, the hook will break down and the fish will remain almost unharmed. Fish have been known to feed successfully while hooks were still in their lips.4. Be sure of the identity of your target before you shoot. Many useful and harmless species of wildlife are thoughtlessly killed by the uninformed person who is out with a gun to kill whatever flies within range.S1. In what respect does the author think individual outdoor sports are similar to athletic contests?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S2. A person who goes out fishing with a fishing rod or hunting with a gun is not necessarily _________.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S3. What‟s the most important thing a true sportsman should bear in mind when he goes fishing or hunting _______.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S4.Those who violate the fish and game laws will not be ______ for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity.________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S5. What are people called when they break the bag limit and boast about their big catch?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S6. A true sportsman will not shoot an animal which is not ______S7. What are people advised to do before they remove illegal or undersized fish from the hook?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________S8. What should sportsman do to avoid killing rare species of wildlife?________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________Part ⅤWritingDirections：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay in honor of teachers on the occasion of Teacher‟s Day . you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below：1、向老师致以节日祝贺2、从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱Part II Reading Comprehension21 C It will help reduce the nation‟s oil imports22 A believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields23 B it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems24 C Do n‟t be too optimistic25 A remains a controversial issue26 B The words people use can influence their behavior27 D treat their rivals as enemies28 D He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt29 A deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way30 c changing the attitude of players on the sports field31 B the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving32 D still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment33 C examine claims made by products against ISO standards34 B Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false35 A make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements36 B protect it from irresponsible development37 A the population in the Pocono area is growing38 C Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders39 D The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area40 D a research reportpart III V ocabulary41 B edit 42 D dull 43 C come out 44 A tension 45 B horrible 46 C worth 47 A absorbed 48 D bridge 49 A ignore 50 B scene51 A retain 52 C balance 53 B shift 54 D content 55 D into56 A effective 57 C sounds 58 D bring down 59 B awarded 60 D harmony 61 A at all 62 C with 63 D space 64 B inserted 65 A access66 D run 67 A prior to 68 D confronted 69 B roughly 70 C unlessPart IV Short Answer QuestionsS1. Both of them are in common with sportsmanshipS2. a sportsmanS3. To obey the law.S4. qualifiedS5. A game hog.S6. movingS7. To wet their hands.S8. They should know the identity of the target.。

历年专四完形填空及答案

2000年一．The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious (26) the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and (27) it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but (28) to diffuse throughout the space available; it must (29) be kept in a closed container, as (30) a planet's atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories (31) the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be "dissolved" in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are( 32 )different kinds o f molecules(分子). The theories now prevailing (33) a quit e different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure and they both flow ea silly. They are fluids.The( 34 )similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat.(35) A closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands or (36) becomes less dense; some of it evaporates. (37), the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and d pressure (38) the densities become equal is (39) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be( 40 ); there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.26. A. in B. on C. under D. beyond27. A. fills B. be filled C. filling D. to fill28. A. intends B. tends C. inclines D. contends29. A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore30.A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to31. A. having described B. describedC. describing D. to have described32. A. made up of B. consisted of C. constituted of D. made from33. A. apply B. adapt C. take D. conduct34. A. elementary B. crucial C. rudimentary D. fundamental35. A. Suppose B. To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed36. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case37. A. Similarly B. In contrast C. Furthermore D. Instead38. A. on that B. on which C. at that D. at which39. A. known B. defined C. called D. referred to40. A. classified B. recognized C. categorized D. distinguished2001The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual ( 26 )and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment.( 27 )this, it is desirablethat he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work ( 28 )is own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others ( 29 )his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding ( 30 )with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to ( 31 )rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently( 32 )of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s worksite. The processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, ( 33 )that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage (34) a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can (35) with. It is, (36), desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to ( 37 )how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same ( 38 )to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not ( 39 ). There are many other skills and ( 40 )that are desirable in a translator.26. A. application B. use C. utility D. usage 27. A. More than B Except fo C.Because ofD.In addition to 28. A. of B. by C. for D. on 29. A. should B. when C. because D. if 30. A. familiariyB. acquaintanceC. knowledgeD. skill 31. A. change B. transformC. turnD. switch 32. A. lacked B. required C. faced D. confronted 33. A. essential B. unnecessary C. advantageous D. useless 34. A. over B. despite C. rather than D. instead 35.A. dealB. concernC. workD. do away 36. A. however B. accordingly C. consequently D. thus 37. A. knowing B. having known C. know D. have known 38. A. refers B. comes C. appliesD. amounts 39. A. matter B. mind C. harm D. work 40. A. characteristics B. qualities C. distinctions D. features2002年People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beginning.( 27 ), when we observe the language behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures,we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words ( 30 ) to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted(词尾变化的) than ( 32 ) of any of the well -knownEuropean languages,for a( 33 )noun can be spoken or written in ( 34 ) hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more( 36 ). The Eskimo language is, therefore,one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to learn it. Consequently , there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon ( 39 )to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish,Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “the Eskimo language”.26. A. must be B. must have been C. ought to be D. should be27. A. However B. Therefore C. Probably D. Undoubtedly28. A. whose B. that C.which D.what29. A. conspicuously B. usually C. surprisingly D. sufficiently30. A. so as B. so that C. as such D. as well as31. A. However B. Moreover C. Though D. Therefore32. A. the others B. all others C. these D. those33. A. single B. singular C. plural D. compound34. A. some B. several C. various D. varied35. A. getting B. causing C. having D. owning36. A. endless B. multiple C. uncountable D. numerous37. A. with B. for C. owing to D.as38. A. still B. indeed C. just D. even39. A. alike B. similar C. related D. relevant40. A. referred to B. talked about C. spoken D. told 2003年During McDonald’s early years French fries were made from scratch every day.Russet Burbank potatoes were (26), cut into shoestrings, and fried in itskitchens. (27)the chain expanded nationwide, in the mid-1960s, it sought tocut labour costs, reduce the number of suppliers, and (28) that its friestasted the same at every resta urant. McDonald’s began (29) to frozen Frenchfries in 1966—and few customers noticed the difference. (30), the changehad a profound effect on the nation’s agricu lture and diet. A familiar food hadbeen transformed into a highly processed industrial (31). McDonald’s friesnow come from huge manufacturing plants (32) can process two million poundsof potatoes a day. The expansion (33) McDonald’s and the popularity of i tslow-cost,mass-produced fries changed the way Americans eat.The taste of McDonald’s French fries played a crucial role in thechain’ssuccess—fries are much more profitable than hamburgers—and was (34) praisedby customers, competitors, and even food critics. Their (35) taste doesnotstem from the kind of p otatoes that McDonald’s (36), the technology thatprocesses them, or the restaurant equipment that fries them: other chains useRusset Burbank, buy their French fries from the (37) large processingcompanies, and have similar (38) in their restaurant kitchens. The taste ofa French fry is (39)determined by the cooking oil. For decades McDonald’scooked its French fries in a mixture of about 7 per cent cottonseed oil and 93per cent beef fat. The mixture gave the fries their unique (40).26.A.scaled B.stripped C.peeled D.sliced27. A.As B.Due to C.Owing to D.With28. A.ensue B.ensure C.enrich D.enable29. A.switchingB.diverting C.modifying D.altering30. A.Still B.Anyway C.BesidesD.Nevertheless31. A.brand B.stuff modity D.produce32. A.thisB.that C./ D.what33. A.into B.from C.in D.of34. A.longB.only C.first D.lonely35. A.distinctive B.distinct C.distinguishedD.distinguishable36. A.possesses B.buys C.acquires D.grows37.A.exact B.identical C.same D.alike38. A.woks B.pots C.boilers D.fryers39. A.adequateely B.massively C.plentifully rgely 40.A.flavourB.fragranceC.smellD.perfume2004The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 ho urs’ sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that the sl eep normally coincides(26) the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this(27) can be modified.The question is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a(28)of growing importance in industry where automation(29) round-the-clock working of machines. It normally(30)from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a(31) routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. (32) it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine(33)he has to change to another, (34)much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very(35).One answer would seem to be(36) periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. (37), recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their(38) habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any(39) to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose(40) may persist through all week-ends and holidays.26.A.in B.with C.of D.over27.A.cycle B.period C.circle D.round28.A.problem B.difficulty C.troub le D.matter29.A.asks B.invites C.calls for D.reactsto30.A.takes B.spends C.demands D.asks31.A.former B.r eturned C.reversed D.regular32.A.Therefore B.Unfortunate ly C.In a word D.In comparison33.A.as B.when C.then D.than34.A.though B.sothat C.while D.as35.A.efficiently B.good C.easily D. happily36.A.shorter B.better C.longer D.nicer37.A.SoB.Inshort C.Similarly D.However38.A.new B.normal C.tempor ary D.favourite39.A.change B.return C.adaptation D.te ndency40.A.wakefulness B.sleep C.preference D.habit20 05A person’s home is as much a refl ection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “(31) ______ home”. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical (32) of cash and location on achieving that idea.Cash (33) , in fact, often means that the only way of (34) when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things (35) financially. There are obvious (36) of living at home—personal laundry is usually (37) done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38) . And there is (39) the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc.On the other hand, (40) depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family—(41) do you like them? Are you prepared to be (42) when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) (43) , and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you (44) finding somewhere else to live?If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45) well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always (46) . If you are going to work in a (47) area, again there are the papers—and the accommodation agencies, (48) these should be approached with (49) . Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50) of the first week’s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.31. A. ideal B. perfect C. imaginary D. satisfactory32. A. deficiencies B. weaknesses C. insufficiencies D. limitations33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain34. A. getting over B. getting in C. getting back D. getting along35. A. improve B. enhance C. develop D. proceed36. A. concerns b. issues C. advantages D. problems37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently38. A. call in B. call over C. call upon D. call out39. A. always B. rarely C. little D. sometimes40. A. little B. enough C. many D. much41. A. and B. but C. still D. or42. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered43. A. agreement B. consensus C. compromise D. deal44. A. go about B. go over C. go in for D. go through45. A. seldom B. less C. probably D. certainly46. A. dependent B. a good source of information C. of great value D.reliable47. A. familiar B. cold C. humid D. new48. A. though B. while C. since D. as49. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. caution D. concern50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. simiarity2006年七．There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most ( 31 ) held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means (32) the pavement into a busy street! (33) you must pass under a ladder you can (34) bad luck by crossing your fingers and (35) them crossed until you have seen a dog. (36) , you may lick your finger and (37) a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the (38) has dried.Another common (39) is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house-it will either bring (40) to the person who opened it or to the whole (41). Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is (42), as it inevitably brings rain!The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month (43) on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay (44). the worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, (45) it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (46) in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are (47) witchcraft.. it is (48) lucky if a black cat crosses your path-although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood (49) luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never (50) , touch wood?”31. A broadly B widely C quickly D speedily32. A running from B jumping off C stepping off D keeping from33. A If B As C Though D Unless34. A erase B remove C avoid D ease35. A keep B keeping C kept D to keep36. A Consequently B However C Comparatively D Alternatively37. A make B print C perform D produce38. A label B symbol C mark D cut39. A argument B superstition C opinion D idea40. A loss B difficulty C tragedy D misfortune41. A house B household C home D circle42. A unwise B unintelligent C unpopular D unfortunate43. A falls B arrives C drops D happens44. A away B outdoors C indoors D far45. A when B as C if D though46. A have originated B be originating C be originated D originate47. A concerned about B related with C associated with D connected in48. A especially B specially C frequently D rarely49. A as B for C in D of50. A broken up B broken off C broken away D broken down2008年Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31)to use as money, (32)in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33) necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34), were used as money in some countries until recent (35), and cakes of salt (36) buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37) as money at some time(38) another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39) mainly from the beaches of the MaldivesIslands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41) coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42) paper money. It can either be exchanged(43) goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45) of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern MediterraneaNowadays, coins and notes have (46) nearly all the more picturesque (47) of money, and (48) in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49) such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)money will soon be found only in museums. (31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category (32) A. but B. and C. so D. even (33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute (34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size (35) A. times B. events C. situations D. condition(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never (37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or (39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded (42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with (43) A.against B. as C. in D. for (44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much (45) A. earlier B.earliest C.better D.best (46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms (48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crude2009年Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS -- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome --- was (31) for the first time in February 2003 inHanoi, (32) since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this (33),there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.Symptoms start (34) a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache or body (35). Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might (36) to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require (37)ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms (38) begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it (39) take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to (40) a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence (41) antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, (42) doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of(43) Scientists aren't sure yet, but some researchers think it's a (44) discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.Most cases appear to have been passed (45) droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care (46) them have been most likely to (47) the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the (48)might spread through air, or that the virus might (49) for two to three hours on doorknobs or other (50). Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.(31) A. detected B. caught C. disclosed D. revealed(32) A. but B. and C. or D. yet(33) A. time B. point C. aspect D. instance(34) A. from B. over C. upon D. with(35) A. hurt B. sore C. aches D. feelings(36) A. process B. advance C. progress D. convert(37) A. automatic B. artificial C. mechanical D. controlled(38) A. regularly B. ordinarily C. traditionally D. generally(39) A. will B. might C. should D. must(40) A. cultivating B. fostering C. developing D. designing(41) A. which B. that C. whether D. what(42) A. so B. but C. still D. yet(43) A. communication B. transportation C. transformation D. transmission(44) A. lately B. newborn C. newly D. renewed(45) A. under B. through C. beneath D. from(46) A. for B. over C. after D. about(47) A. acquire B. receive C. obtain D. contract(48) A. ailment B. ill-health C. disease D. infection(49) A. continue B. linger C. delay D. persist(50) A. exteriors B. outside C. surfaces D. coverings2010年How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31) ____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really knowis that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain(32) ____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things,(33) ____ they could communicate with each other; and thatlater they agreed (34) ____ certain signs, called letters, whichcould be (35) ____ to represent those sounds, and whichcould be (36) _____. Those sounds, whether spoken,(37) _____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38) ____the things they bring up before our minds. Wordsbecome (39) ____ with meaning for us by experience;(40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words(41) _____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: andthe more we (42) ____, the more the number ofwords that mean something to us (43) ____Great writers are those who not only have greatthoughts but also express these thoughts in wordswhich appeal (44) ____ to our minds and emotions.This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call(46) ____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of(47) ____. He can convey his meaning in words whichsing like music, and which (48) _____ their position andassociation can (49) ____ men to tears. We should,therefore, learn to choose our words carefullyand use them accurately, or they will (50) ____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convert2000 BABDB CACDA CBDCD2001 BDDAB DBBCD AACAB2002 BADCA BDABC DADBA2003 CABAD CBDAA BCDDA2004 BADCA CBDBA CDBCD2005 AABAA CCABC BDBAD DDBCD2006 BCACB DACBD BDACB ACABD2008 CADBA CADAD CBDAB ADBCB2009 ABBDC ACDBC BADCB ADCBC2010 BACDB ADBAD BCBDA CBDAC。

4级 2005

2005年日语能力考试四级真题及答案（word版下载）文字・語彙(100点 25分)問題Ⅰ＿＿＿はひらがなでどうかきますか。

１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。

問1・たなか先生は土よう日にきます。

（1）．先生１．せいせ２．せいせい３．せんせ４．せんせい（2）．土よう日１．とようび２．どようび３．かようび４．がようび問2・この道を百メートいってください。

左にこうばんがあります。

（3）．道１．かど２．はし３．へん４．みち（4）．百１．ひゃく２．びゃく３．はく４．ばく（5）．左１．さき２．ひだり３．みぎ４．むこう問3・北のまちに電車ででかけました。

（6）．北１．にし２．ほか３．きた４．となり（7）．電車１．てんしゃ２．てんじゃ３．でんしゃ４．でんじゃ問4・あの人はとても有名です。

（8）．人１．にん２．ひと３．しと４．じん（9）．有名１．ゆうめい２．ゆうめ３．ゆうまい４．ゆうま問5・木の上にねこがいます。

（10）．木１．ぼん２．ほん３．ぎ４．き（11）．上１．すた２．した３．うえ４．うい問6・かわいい女の子が生まれました。

（12）．女の子１．おんなのこ２．おなのこ３．あんなのこ４．あなのこ（13）．生まれました１．ほまれました２．ふまれました３．おまれました４．うまれました問7・店の入り口はどこですか。

（14）．店１．みせ２．へや３．えき４．いえ（15）．入り口１．のりぐち２．かえりぐち３．おりぐち４．いりぐち問題Ⅱ＿＿＿のことばはどうかきますか。

１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。

問1・ははとやまにのぼりました。

（16）．はは１．姆２．毌３．奶４．母（17）．やま１．上２．山３．止４．凸問2・こんしゅうはてんきがよかった。

（18）．こんしゅう１．今週２．今過３．令週４．令過（19）．てんき１．天気２．天汽３．矢気４．矢汽問3・そのちいさいかれんだーをください。

（20）．ちいさい１．小い２．小さい３．少い４．少さい（21）．かれんだー１．カトングー２．カトンダー３．カレングー４．カレンダー問4・ひがしのそらがきれいです。

05日语真题

2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试第二外国语（日语）试题（問題用紙）一．次の文の＿＿＿のある漢字はどう読むか、Ａ～Ｄのうちから正しいものを一つだけ選びなさい。

（0.5×10＝5）１．若者が田を耕していると、一羽の鶴が舞い降りてきた。

ＡたがやかＢだがやかＣたがやＤだがや２．これはあまりにも常識を超えた、とっぴな考えであった。

ＡじゅうしきＢじょしきＣじゅしきＤじょうしき３．都市には人口が極端に集中していると考えられている。

ＡきょくだんＢきょくたんＣきゃくたんＤきゃくだん４．仕事と家事の両立は簡単なことではない。

ＡりゅうりつＢりょうりつＣりゅうりちＤりょうりち５．二人は順調に頂上へ近づいていた。

ＡじゅんちょうＢじゅんちょＣじょんちょうＤじょんちょ６．ここへ来る途中で、李さんに会いました。

AとなかBどうじゅうCとちゅうDとううち７．今日はね、海老で鯛を三匹も釣ったよ。

AえびBかいろうCうみろDうみおい８．言ったことは必ず実行するぞ。

AしっこうBじっぎょうCじつぎょうDじっこう９．人はそれぞれ独特のものを持っていると思います。

AとくとくBどくとくCどくどくDとくどく10．現代では、東京から京都や大阪へ日帰りで出張することは、日常茶飯事になっている。

AさはんじBちゃめしことCちゃはんごとDざはんじ二．次の文に＿＿に入れる外来語はそれぞれ選択肢Ａ～Ｄの中から最も適切なものを一つ選びなさい。

（0.5×10＝5）11．コンサートの＿＿＿は、会場の入り口でもらってください。

ＡメニューＢプランＣプログラムＤリズム12．高田さんは＿＿＿をしながら、大学に通っています。

ＡオートバイＢデパートＣゕルバイトＤカレンダー13．自動車や機械などを操作するために＿＿を回す。

ＡパイプＢボタンＣピンＤハンドル14．今年、文学賞をもらった作家に新聞記者が＿＿をして記事を書いた。

ＡインタビューＢステージＣレクリエーションＤコンクール15．有名なレストランに出かけたが、店は休みで＿＿が閉まっていた。

2005日语专业四级考试试题_答案

2005日语专业四级考试试题大学日本語専攻生四級能力試験問題一、聴解（1×25＝25点）【聴解A】次のテープの会話を聞いて、正しい答えをA、B、C、Dから一つ選びなさい。

では、はじめます。

1.1番飛行機は何時に飛びますか。

女：飛行機の離陸時間は五時ですよね。

男：いいえ、七時になりました。

女：え？二時間も遅くなったんですか。

男：ええ。

そうなんですよ。

女：じゃ、到着は夜の九時ですね。

男：ええ。

飛行機は何時に飛びますか。

A．二時です。

B．五時です。

C．七時です。

D．九時です。

您选择的答案：正确的答案：C2.2番友達の誕生日のプレゼントについて話しています。

何に決めましたか。

女：何がいいかしら。

やっぱり部屋に置く物はいいわよね。

男：そうすると、人形とか、それとも花瓶？女：もっと役に立つものがいいじゃない？男：じゃ、時計だ。

女：持っているわよ、きっと。

それより、写真立ては？男：そうだね。

じゃ、そうしよう。

二人はプレゼントを何に決めましたか。

A．人形。

B．花瓶。

C．時計。

D．写真立て。

您选择的答案：正确的答案：D3.3番男の人が女の人を連れてきました。

ここはどこですか。

女：わあー、本がいっぱい、これほんとに全部漫画なの？男：そうだよ。

店員：いらっしゃいませ。

何になさいますか。

男：コーヒー二つ。

女：コーヒーいっぱいで、ずっといいの？男：うんん、一時間すぎったら追加料金払うんだ。

女：へえー、まるで駐車料金みたい。

二人はどこで話していますか。

A．資料室です。

B．料理屋です。

C．喫茶店です。

D．駐車場です。

您选择的答案：正确的答案：C4.4番女の人は何番のバスに乗りますか。

女：あの、新宿へ行くバスは何番ですか。

男：えーと、新宿へ行くのは六番ですね。

女：そうですか。

有難うございます。

男：あ、そちらじゃありませんよ。

そちらは八番と九番と十一番です。

六番はこちらです。

女：ああ、どうも。

女の人は何番のバスに乗りますか。

2005年专四语法题

2005年专四语法题2005年专四语法题1. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ____ able to advise you much better than I can.[A] would be [B] will have been [C] was [D] were2. ____, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.[A] Although he is a socialist [B] Even if he is a socialist[C] Being a socialist [D] Since he is a socialist3. His remarks were ____ annoy everybody at the meeting.[A] so as to [B] such as to [C] such to [D] as much as to4. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____ until yesterday.[A] will come [B] was coming [C] had been coming [D] came5. ____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.[A] I was and always will be[B] I have to be and always will be[C] I had been and always will be[D] I have been and always will be6. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install ____ solar heating device in our home.[A] some type of [B] some types of a[C] some type of a [D] some types of7. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ____ the journey in exactly two days.[A] must take [B] must have made[C] was able to make [D] could make8. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s ____ stupid.[A] something but [B] anything but [C] nothing but [D] not but9. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is ____ than Tim.[A] much more sportsman [B] more of a sportsman[C] more of sportsman [D] more a sportsman10. That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it’s high time we ____ strong actions against him.[A] betrayed…take [B] had betrayed…took[C] has betrayed…took [D] has betrayed…take11. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year?[A] there being [B] there to be[C] there be [D] there going to be12. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John.[A] objected having [B] were objected to having[C] objected to have [D] objected to having13. ____ you ____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.[A] If, had [B] Have, had [C] Should, have [D] In case, had14. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ____ that he paid me back the following week.[A] on occasion [B] on purpose[C] on condition [D] only if15. Children who stay away from school do ____ for different reasons.[A] them [B] / [C] it [D] theirs16. –Why are you staring?–I’ve never seen ____tree before.[A] kind of [B] that kind of [C] such kind [D] such17. There are still many problem ahead of us, but by his time next year we can see light at the end of the ____.[A] battle [B] day [C] road [D] tunnel18. We realized that he was under great ____, so we took no notice of his bad temper.[A] excitement [B] stress [C] crisis [D] nervousness19. The director tried to get the actors to ____ to the next scene by hand signals.[A] move on [B] move off [C] move out [D] move along20. His ideas are invariably condemned as ____ by his colleagues.[A] imaginative [B] ingenious [C] impractical [D] theoretical21. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to ____ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.[A] contradict [B] reform [C] counter [D] protest22. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ____.[A] minority [B] scarcity [C] rarity [D] minimum23. Professor Johnson’s retirement ____ from next January.[A] carries into effect [B] takes effect[C] has effect [D] puts into effect24. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ____ government spending.[A] finance [B] expand [C] enlarge [D] budget25. The heat in summer is no less ____ here in this mountain region.[A] concentrated [B] extensive [C] intense [D] intensive26. Taking photographs is strictly ____ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.[A] forbidden [B] rejected [C] excluded [D] denied27. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will ____.[A] pull back [B] pull up [C] pull through [D] pull out28. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit thecustomer’s ____ rather than the company’s.[A] benefit [B] availability [C] suitability [D] convenience29. The priest made the ____ of the cross when he entered the church.[A] mark [B] signal [C] sign [D] gestureC30. This spacious room is ____ furnished with just a few articles in it.[A] lightly [B] sparsely [C] hardly [D] rarely【参考答案】：1-5: AABBD 6-10: ACBBB 11-15: ADCCC 16-20: BDBAC21-25: DABAC 26-30: ACDCB1. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ____ able to advise you much better than I can.[A] would be [B] will have been [C] was [D] were【参考答案】：A【题目解析】：虚拟语气。

2005专业四级真题及答案解析

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORSTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2005)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN ]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [15 MIN ]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, Mr Johnson is NOT very strong inA. history.B. geography.C. mathematics.D. art.2. Mr Johnson thinks that _______ can help him a lot in the job.A. logicB. writingC. historyD. mathematics3. Mr Johnson would like to work as a(n)A. adviser.B. computer programmer.C. product designer.D. school teacher.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.4. What is the main purpose of the research?A. To make preparations for a new publication.B. To learn how couples spend their weekends.C. To know how housework is shared.D. To investigate what people do at the weekend.5. What does the man do on Fridays?A. He goes to exercise classes.B. He goes sailing.C. He goes to the cinema.D. He stays at home.6. On which day does the couple always go out?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Sunday.D. Any weekday.7. Which personal detail does the man give?A. Surname.B. First name.C. Address.D. Age.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. Parcel Express needs the following details about the sender EXCEPTA. name.B. address.C. receipt.D. phone number.9. Parcels must be left open mainly forA. customs’ check.B. security check.C. convenience’s sake.D. the company’s sake.10. The woman’s last inquiry is mainl y concerned withA. the time needed for sending the parcel.B. the flight time to New York.C. the parcel destination.D. parcel collection.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.11. Where is the train to Nanjing now standing?A. At Platform 7.B. At Platform 8.C. At Platform 9.D. At Platform 13.12. Which train will now leave at 11:35?A. The train to Jinnan.B. The train to Zhengzhou.C. The train to Tianjin.D. The train to Hangzhou.13. Which train has now been cancelled?A. The train to Jinnan.B. The train to Zhengzhou.C. The train to Tianjin.D. The train to Hangzhou.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.14. The museum was built in memory of thoseA. who died in wars.B. who worked to help victims.C. who lost their families in disasters.D. who fought in wars.15. Henry Durant put forward the idea because heA. had once fought in a war in Italy.B. had been wounded in a war.C. had assisted in treating the wounded.D. had seen the casualties and cruelties of war.16. Which of the following statements about the symbols is INCORRECT?A. Both are used as the organizati on’s official symbols.B. Both are used regardless of religious significance.C. The red cross was the organization’s original symbol.D. The red crescent was later adopted for use in certain regions.17. How should cheerleading be viewed according to the passage?A. It is just a lot of cheering.B. It mainly involves yelling.C. It mainly involves dancing.D. It is competitive in nature.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.18. How do the cheerleaders perform their jobs?A. They set fireworks for their team.B. They put on athletic shows.C. They run around the spectators.D. They yell for people to buy drinks.19. Why do the cheerleaders sometimes suffer physical injuries?A. Because they try dangerous acts to catch people’s attention.B. Because they shout and yell so their voice becomes hoarse.C. Because they go to the pyramid and the hills to perform.D. Because they dance too much every day for practice.20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The first cheerleaders was a man named John Campbell.B. Cheerleaders’ contests are only held at the state level.C. Before 1930 there were no women cheerleaders.D. The first cheerleading occurred in 1898.SECTION C NEWS BROAOCASTQuestions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.21. How many of the emigrants died after being thrown into the sea?A. 15 of them.B. 3 of them.C. 100 of them.D. Dozens of them.22. The illegal emigrants came fromA. Italy.B. Africa.C. the Mediterranean region.D. places unknown. Question 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.23. What does the news item mainly report?A. China will send three people into space in a week.B. Three Chinese astronauts will spend a week in space.C. The Shenzhou VI will be launched next year.D. Shenzhou V circled the earth for two days.Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.24. Which of the following had NOT been affected by the wildfires?A. Houses.B. Land.C. Skies.D. Cars.25. The fires were thought to have been startedA. purposefully.B. accidentally.C. on the Mexican border.D. in southern California.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.26. ________ ranks second among leading tourism nations.A. FranceB. The United StatesC. SpainD. Italy27. It is predicted that by 2020 China will receive _________ visitors.A. 77 millionB. 130 millionC. 36.8 millionD. 100 million28. According to a Xinhua report, last year saw a _________ per cent increase in the number of Chinese traveling abroad.A. 16.6B. 30C. 100D. 37Question 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.29. What would happen to the Argentine officers?A. They would be arrested by Spanish authorities.B. They would be tried in an Argentine court.C. They would be sent to Spain for trial.D. They would be tortured or murdered.30. What accusation would the Argentine officers face?A. Violation of human rights.B. Involvement in illegal actions.C. Planning anti-government activities.D. Being part of the military rule.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN. ]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.A person’s home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “(31) ______ home”. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical (32) ________ of cash and location on achieving that idea.Cash (33) ________, in fact, often means that the only way of (34) _________ when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things (35) _________ financially. There are obvious (36) ________of living at home—personal laundry is usually (37) _________ done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to (38) _________. And there is (39) _________ the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand, (40) _________ depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family—(41) _________do you like them? Are you prepared to be (42) __________ when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) (43) _________, and that you finally have the money to leave,how do you (44) _________ finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are (45) _________well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always (46) _________. If you are going to work in a (47) _________ area, again there are the papers—and the accommodation agencies, (48) _________ these should be approached with (49) _________. Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the (50) ________ of the first week’s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.31. A. ideal B. perfect C. imaginary D. satisfactory32. A. deficiencies B. weaknesses C. insufficiencies D. limitations33. A. cut B. shortage C. lack D. drain34. A. getting over B. getting in C. getting back D. getting along35. A. improve B. enhance C. develop D. proceed36. A. concerns B. issues C. advantages D. problems37. A. still B. always C. habitually D. consequently38. A. call in B. call over C. call upon D. call out39. A. always B. rarely C. little D. sometimes40. A. little B. enough C. many D. much41. A. and B. but C. still D. or42. A. tolerant B. hostile C. indifferent D. good-tempered43. A. agreement B. consensus C. compromise D. deal44. A. go about B. go over C. go in for D. go through45. A. seldom B. less C. probably D. certainly46. A. dependent B. a good source of informationC. of great valueD. reliable47. A. familiar B. cold C. humid D. new48. A. though B. while C. since D. as49. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. caution D. concern50. A. same B. equivalent C. equal D. similarityPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN ]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better thanI can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were52. _________, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialistB. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialistD. Since he is a socialist53. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make58. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but59. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman60. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take61. What’s the chance of ________ a general election this year?A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there going to be62. The meeting was put off because we __________ a meeting without John.A.objected havingB. were objected to havingC. objected to haveD. objected to having63. ________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if65. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons.A. themB. /C. itD. theirs66. –Why are you staring?–I’ve never seen ______tree before.A. kind ofB. that kind ofC. such kindD. such67. There are still many problem ahead of us, but by his time next year we can see light at the end of the _________.A. battleB. dayC. roadD. tunnel68. We realized that he was under great _________, so we took no notice of his bad temper.A. excitementB. stressC. crisisD. nervousness69. The director tried to get the actors to _________ to the next scene by hand signals.A. move onB. move offC. move outD. move along70. His ideas are invariably condemned as ________ by his colleagues.A. imaginativeB. ingeniousC. impracticalD. theoretical71. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest72. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum73. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect74. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget75. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive76. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied77. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out78. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience79. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture80. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarelyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN ]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AIt was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didn’t’ know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy m ulti-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses hoofs from "Wagon Train" or "Cheyenne", and laughter from "I Love Lucy" or "Mister Ed", After supper, we' d sprawl on Mom' s bed ..and stare for hours at the tube.But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned--books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. "You boys are going to read two books every week," she said. "And you’re going to write me a report on what you read."We moaned and complained about how un fair it was. Besides, we didn’t have any books in the house other than Mom’s Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: "I' Il drive you to the library."So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children’s books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didn’t dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldn’t wait to get home to my books.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of paediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins C hildren’s Centre in Baltimore. Sometimes I still can' t believe my life' s journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began--the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.81. We can learn from the beginning of the passage thatA. the author and his brother had done poorly in school.B. the author had been very concerned about his school work.C. the author had spent much time watching TV after school.D. the author had realized how important schooling was.82. Which of the following is NOT true about the author’s family?A. He came from a middle-class family.B. He came from a single-parent family.C. His mother worked as a cleaner.D. His mother had received little education.83. The mother was ________ to make her two sons switch to reading books.A. hesitantB. unpreparedC. reluctantD. determined84. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?A. They were afraid.B. They were reluctant.C. They were indifferent.D. They were eager to go.85. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT thatA. he began to see something in his mind.B. he could visualize what he read in his mind.C. he could go back to read the books again.D. he realized that books offered him new experience.TEXT BPredicting the future is always risky. But it's probably safe to say that at least a few historians will one day speak of the 20th century as America's “Disney era”. Today, it's certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents modern America as powerfully as the company that created Mickey Mouse. Globally, brands like Coca-Cola and McDonalds may be more widely-known, but neither encapsulates 20th-century America in quite the same way as Disney.The reasons for Disney's success are varied and numerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person — the man who created the cartoon and built the company from nothing, Walt Disney. Ironically, he could not draw particularly well. But he was a genius in plenty of other respects. In business, his greatest skills were his insight and his management ability. After setting himself up in Hollywood, he single-handedly pioneered the concepts of branding and merchandising — something his company still does brilliantly today.But what really distinguished Disney was his ability to identify with his audiences. Disney always made sure his films championed the “little guy”, and made him feel proud to be American. This he achieved by creating characters that reflected the hopes and fears of ordinary people. Somecelebrated American achievements —Disney's very first cartoon Plane Crazy, featuring a silent Mickey Mouse, was inspired by Charles Lindbergh's flight across the Atlantic. Others, like the There Little Pigs and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves, showed how, through hard work and helping one's fellow man or Americans could survive social and economic crises like the Great Depression.Disney's other great virtue was the fact that his company — unlike other big corporations —had a human face. His Hollywood studio —the public heard —operated just like a democracy, where everyone was on first name terms and had a say in how things should be run. He was also regarded as a great patriot because not only did his cartoons celebrate America, but, during World War II, studios made training films for American soldiers.The reality, of course, was less idyllic. As the public would later learn, Disney's patriotism had an unpleasant side. After a strike by cartoonists in 1941, he became convinced that Hollywood had been infiltrated by Communists. He agreed to work for the FBI as a mole, identifying and spying on colleagues whom he suspected were subversives.But, apart from his affiliations with the FBI, Disney was more or less the genuine article. A new book, The Magic Kingdom; Walt Disney and the American Way of Life, by Steven Watts, confirms that he was very definitely on the side of ordinary Americans — in the 30s and 40s he voted for Franklin Roosevelt, believing he was a champion of the workers. Also, Disney was not an apologist for the FBI, as some have suggested. In fact, he was always suspicious of large, bureaucratic organizations, as is evidenced in films like That Darned Cat, in which he portrayed FBI agents as bungling incompetents.By the time he died in 1966, Walt Disney was an icon like Thomas Edison and the Wright Brothers. To business people and filmmakers, he was a role model; to the public at large, he was “Uncle Walt”— the man who had entertained them all their lives, the man who represented them all their lives, the man who represented all that was good about America.86. Walt Disney is believed to possess the following abilities EXCEPTA. painting.B. creativityC. management.D. merchandising.87. According to the passage, what was the pleasant side of Disney’s patriotism?A. He sided with ordinary Americans in his films.B. He supported America’s war efforts in his own way.C. He had doubts about large, bureaucratic organizations.D. He voted for Franklin Roosevelt in the 30s and 40s.88. In the sixth paragraph the sente nce “Disney was more or less the genuine article” means that ______.A. Disney was a creative and capable person.B. Disney once agreed to work for the FBI.C. Disney ran his company in a democratic way.D. Disney was sympathetic with ordinary people.89. The writer’s attitude toward Walt Disney can best be described asA. sympathetic.B. objective.C. critical.D. skeptical.TEXT CWhy do you listen to music? If you should put this question to a number of people, you might receive answers like these: “I like the beat of music”,“I look for attractive tunefulness”, “I am moved by the sound of choral singing”,“I listen to music for many reasons but I could not begin to describe them to you clearly.” Answers to this question would be many and dive rse, yet almost no one would reply, “Music means nothing to me.” To most of us, music means something; it evokes some response. We obtain some satisfaction in listening to music.For many, the enjoyment of music does not remain at a standstill. We feel that we can get more satisfaction from the musical experience. We want to make closer contact with music in order to learn more of its nature; thus we can range more broadly and freely in the areas of musical style, form, and expression. This book explores ways of achieving these objectives. It deals, of course, with the techniques of music, but only in order to show how technique is directed toward expressive aims in music and toward the listener’s musical experience. In this way, we may get an idea of th e composer’s intentions, for indeed, the composer uses every musi cal device for its power to communicate and for its contribution to the musical experience.Although everyone hears music differently, there is a common ground from which all musical experiences grow. That source is sound itself. Sound is the raw material of music. It makes up the body and substance of all musical activity. It is the point of departure in the musical experience.The kinds of sound that can be used for musical purposes are amazingly varied. Throughout the cultures of the world, East and West, a virtually limitless array of sounds has been employed in the service of musical expression. Listen to Oriental theatre music, then to an excerpt from a Wagner work; these two are worlds apart in their qualities of sound as well as in almost every other feature, yet each says something of importance to some listeners. Each can stir a listener and evoke a response in him. All music, whether it is the pulsation of primitive tribal drums or the complex coordination of voices and instruments in an opera, has this feature: it is based upon the power of sound to stir our senses and feelings.Yet sound alone is not music. Something has to happen to the sound. It must move forward in time. Everything that takes place musically involves the movement of sound. If we hear a series of drumbeats, we receive an impression of movement from one stroke to the next. When sounds follow each other in a pattern of melody, we receive an impression of movement from one tone to the next. All music moves; and because it moves, it is associated with a fundamental truth of existence and experience. We are stirred by impressions of movement because our very lives are constantly in movement. Breathing, the action of the pulse, growth, decay, the change of day and night, as well as the constant flow of physical action-these all testify to the fundamental role that movement plays in our lives. Music appeals to our desire and our need for movement.。

05年四级真题

Part I Section A Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)1. A) The man enjoys traveling by car. B) The man lives far from the subway.C) The man is good at driving. D) The man used to own a car.2. A) Tony should continue taking the course. B) She approves of Tony's decision.C) Tony can choose another science course. D) She can't meet Tony so early in the morning.3. A) She has to study for the exam. B) She is particularly interested in plays.C) She's eager to watch the new play. D) She can lend her notes to the man.4. A) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.B) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.5. A) Most students would like to work for a newspaper.B) Most students find a job by reading advertisements.C) Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D) Most students don't want jobs advertised in the newspapers.6. A) Move the washing machine to the basement. B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine. D) Finish his assignment.7. A) Some students at the back cannot hear the professor.B) The professor has changed his reading assignment.C) Some of the students are not on the professor's list.D) The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.8. A) She doesn't want to talk about the contest.B) She's modest about her success in the contest.C) She's spent two years studying English in Canada.D) She's very proud of her success in the speech contest.9. A) Talking about sports. B) Writing up local news.C) Reading newspapers. D) Putting up advertisements10. A) They shouldn't change their plan. B) They'd better change their mind.C) The tennis game won't last long. D) Weather forecasts are not reliable.Section B Compound DictationPart II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys in being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses----flu A, B, and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine, which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are more obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infant and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome, a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.11. According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help .A) shorten the duration of the illnessB) the patient buy medicine over the counterC) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugsD) prevent people from catching colds and the flu12. We learn from the passage that .A) one doesn't need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the fluB) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the fluC) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous systemD) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu13. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, .A) one should identify the virus which causes itB) one should consult a doctor as soon as possibleC) one should take medicine upon catching the diseaseD) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading14. Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?A)A stuffy nose. B) A high temperature.C)A sore throat. D) A dry cough.15. If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents .A) are advised not to give them aspirinB) should watch out for signs of Reye syndromeC) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccinationD) should prevent them from mixing with people running a feverPassage Two Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americ ans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respon dents listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Live in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.16. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe .A) Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parentsB) Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsC) Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instructionD)Japan's higher education is superior to theirs17. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to .A) problem solvingB) group experience believe that preschools should also attach importance toC) parental guidanceD) individually-oriented development18. In Japan's preschool education, the focus is on .A) preparing children academically B) developing children's artistic interestsC) tapping children's potential D) shaping children's character19. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to .A) broaden children's horizon B) cultivate children's creativityC) lighten children's study load D) enrich children's knowledge20. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university:based kindergartens?A) They can do better in their future studies.B) They can accumulate more group experience there.C) They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D) They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.Passage Three Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Lead deposition，which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continue research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining.In his new study. Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (区分) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites o f30 forest floors in New England. New Y ork and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. the forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.21. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that .A) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired resultsB) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increaseC) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expectedD) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow22. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US .A) was discouraged B) was enforced by lawC) was prohibited by law D) was introduced23. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?A) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.B) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.C) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.D) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.24. The authors of the Ambio study have found that .A) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expectedB) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal withC) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the USD) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions25. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists .A) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollutionB) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasolineC) still consider lead pollution a problemD) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollutionPassage Four Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight.Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by calorie-expenditure charts, for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry. Even exercise profess ionals concede half a point here. “Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight.” says Y ork Onmen, program director of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.Still exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight. If you have been sedentary and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.26. What is said about the average American in the passage?A) They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer.B) They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.C) They prefer "light" beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.D) They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.27. Some people dislike exercise because .A) they think it is physically exhaustingB) they find it hard to exercise while on a dietC) they don't think it possible to walk 3 miles every dayD) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome28. "Even exercise professionals concede half a point here" (Line 3, Para. 2) means "They .A) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exerciseB) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reductionC) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one's new weightD) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight29. What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center's study?A) Controlling one's calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.B) Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.C) Weight reduction is impossible without exercise.D) One could lose ten pounds in a year's time if there's no increase in food intake.30. What is the author's purpose in writing this article?A) To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.B) To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.C) To support the statement made by Y ork Onnen.D) To show the most effective way to lose weight.V ocabulary (20 minutes)31. The machine looked like a large ，old-fashioned typewriter.A) forceful B) clumsy C) intense D) tricky32. Though she began her by singing in a local pop group,she is now a famous Hollywood movie star.A) employment B) career C) occupation D) profession33. Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to with the local police.A) inquire B) consult C) register D) profession34. Considering your salary, you should be able to at least twenty dollars a week.A) put forward B) put up C) put out D) put aside35. As he has our pratience we’ll not wait for him any longer.A) torn B) wasted C) exhausted D) consumed36. These teachers try to be objective when they the integrated ability of their students.A) justify B) evaluate C) indicate D) reckon37. Mrs. Morris's daughter is pretty and ,and many girls envy her.A) slender B) light C) faint D) minor38. Tomorrow the mayor is to a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.A) coordinate B) cooperate C) accompany D) associate39. I'm enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.A) realistic B) conscious C) register D) resolve40. Can you give me even the clue as to where her son might be?A) simplest B) slightest C) least D) utmost41. Norman Davis will be remembered by many with not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend.A) kindness B) friendliness C) warmth D) affection42. Salaries for positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.A) legal B) optional C) voluntary D) temporary43. Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society it has affected the traditional role of men.A) Above all B) In all C) At most D) At last44. Science and technology have in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.A) attached B) assisted C)contributed D)witnessed45. As an actor he could communicate a whole of emotions.A) frame B) range C) number D) scale46. This is what you should bear in mind: Don't a salary increase before you actually get it.A) hang on B) draw on C) wait on D) count on47. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated instead of mechanically.A) artificially B) automatically C) manually D) synthetically48. The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't her grip on my arm.A) loosen B) remove C) relieve D) dismiss49. He never arrives on time and my is that he feels the meetings are useless.A) preference B) conference C) inference D) reference50. Mrs. gmith was so about everything that no servants could please her.A)speeific B) speeial C)precise D)particular51. Last night he saw two dark enter the building,and then there was the explosion.A) features B) figures C) sketches D) images52. It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without .A) exception B) exclusion C) modification D) substitution53. His temper and personalky show that he can become a soldier of the top .A) circle B) rank C) category D) grade54. During the lecture, the speaker occasionally his point by relating his own experiences.A) illustrated B) hinted C) cited D)displayed55. Only those who can to lose their money should make high-risk investments.A) maintain B) sustairt C) endure D)afford56, He found the media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.A) sufficient B) constant C) steady D) plenty57. There has been a collision a number of cars on the main road to town.A) composing B) consisting C) involving D) engaging58. elephants are difthrent from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.A) Cultivated B) Regulated C) Civil D) Tame59. Ten days ago the young man info~ed his boss of his intention to .A) resign B) reject C) retreat D) replace60. As one of the world's highest paid models, she had her face for five million dollars.A) deposiled B) assured C) measured D) insuredPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The 61 go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 62 you money or can add 63 the cost.Take the 64 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might 65 you are making the 66 buy if you choose one 67 look you like and which is also the cheapest 68 price. But when you get it home you may find that it 69 twice as long as a more expensive 70 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well 71 your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 72 when you go out shopping? If you_ 73 your home, your car or any valuable 74 in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long75 .Before you buy a new 76 , talk to someone who owns one.If you can,use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular 77 .Before you buy an expensive 78 ,or a service,do check the price and 79 is on offer. If possible, choose 80 three items or three estimates.61. A) form B) fashion C) way D) method62. A) save B) preserve C)in D)similar63. A) up B) to C) in D) on64. A) easy B) single C) simple D）similar65. A) convince B) accept C) examine D) think66. A) proper B) best C) reasonable D) most67. A) its B) which C) whose D) what68. A) for B) with C) in D) on69. A) spends B) takes C) lasts D) consumes70. A) mode B) copy C) sample D)mode71. A) cause B) make C) leave D) prove72. A) adopt B) lay C) stick D) adapt73. A)reserve B) decorate C) store D) keep74. A) products B) possession C) material D) ownership75. A) run B) interval C) period D) time76. A) appliance B) equipment C) utility D) facility77. A) function B) purpose C) goal D) task78. A) component B) element C) item D) particle79. A) what B) which C) that D) this80. A) of B) in C) by D) fromPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. Y ou should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in ChineseA Campaign Speech1 你认为自己具备是什么条件（能力，性格，爱好）可以胜任学生会主席工作，2 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？答案部分Section A1.D2.A3.A4.C5.B6.D7.C8.B9.C 10.ASection B Compound DictationS1. quality S2. investigated S3. value S4. familiar S5. recommend S6. perhaps S7. additionalS8. Equivalent German models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use.S9. Similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or a handbag.S10. The only problem was slight awkwardness in loading the film.PartⅡReading Comprehension11.A12.D 13.C 14.B 15.A16.C 17.B) 18.D 19.C 20.D 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.A25.C 26.B 27.B 28.B 29.C 30.DPart ⅢV ocabulary31.B 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.C 36.B 37.A38.C 39.B 40.B 41.D 42.D 43.A44.C 45.B 46.D 47.C 48.A49.C 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.B 54.A55.D 56.B 57.C 58.D 59.A60.DPart IV Cloze61. C 62. A63. B 64. C 65. D 66. B 67. C 68. C 69. B 70. D 71. B 72. A73. D 74. B 75. A76. A77. B 78. C 79. A80. D。

2005年日语能力考试4级听力原文+答案(带翻译)

听力原文問題Ⅰ１．女の人と男の人が話しています。

男の人はどれをとりますか。

男的女的在说话，男的要拿哪个女性：ああ、すみません。

そのテーブルの下の本を取ってくれませんか不好意思，能帮我拿下那边桌子上的书吗男性：ええと、これですか。

这个吗女性：いいえ、それじゃなくて箱の上のです。

不是，是那边箱子上那个答：4２．男の子とお母さんが話しています。

お母さんは何を渡しましたか。

男孩和妈妈在对话，妈妈把什么东西交给他了男の子：お母さん、行って来ます。

妈，我出门了お母さん：ああ、ちょっと待って。

これを被って行きなさい。

啊，你等会，把这个穿上男の子：ええ、どうして。

为毛お母さん：まだ風邪引いているでしょう。

你又感冒了吧男の子：はい。

好吧答：4３．先生が生徒に話しています。

生徒は明日何を持っていきますか。

老师和学生在说话，学生明天要拿什么先生：皆さん、明日は旅行ですね。

飲み物を忘れないでください。

それから雨が降るかもしれませんから傘も持ってきてください。

お菓子は持ってこないでください。

いいですか。

明天出去玩儿，水别忘了带，还有明天可能下雨，别忘带伞，不要带点心，知道了吗答：3４．女の子がお店の人と話しています。

女の子はどの財布を買いましたか。

女的和店员在说话，女的买了什么样的钱包女の子：すみません。

三千円ぐらいの財布はありませんか。

有三千左右的钱包卖吗店の人：三千円ですか。

この四つですね。

色は黒と白だけですが、この丸いのが可愛いですよ。

这四个都是三千的，虽然只有黑白两色，但是这个圆的很可爱呦女の子：う～ん、丸いのはあまり好きじゃないから、これかこれですね。

じゃ、この黒いのをください。

但是我不喜欢圆的，那还是给我那个黑的吧店の人：ありがとうございます。

答：3５．男の人が外国語で女の人と電話で話しています。

女の人の国は今何時ですか。

男的用外语和女的在打电话，女的在的国家现在是几点男性：今、そっちは何時？你那边现在几点女性：8 時50 分。

2005年日语专业四级考试「読解」译文

2005年日语专业四级考试「読解」译文Ⅲ．読解四、译文译文：在地球的漫长历史中，据说距今约35亿多年前，生命在大海中诞生了。

这样一来，原始生物经过了漫长的进化，在大海中逐渐变化，一部分生物不久便爬上了陆地。

众所周知，陆地动物的体液与海水的成分非常相似。

因此，大海被称作“生命之源”“母亲海”等。

但是，我们人类并不是在任何环境下都能生存的，粗略一看便可知如果包围地球的大气没有现在这样的条件，我们稳定的生活就不能成立。

无论是温度、湿度还是氧气或者二氧化碳，如果不在限定范围内，人类就不可能持续过上长期稳定的生活。

为了使这种大气条件保持比较稳定的状态，大海起到了极其重要的作用。

不仅在食物供给方面，而且在维持作为人类生存空间的地球环境方面，也为了我们能继续过上舒适的生活，为了让其他众多的生物能在这个地球上继续繁衍下去，我们不得不说很重要的一点是要正确理解大海所起的作用。

从很久以前开始我们就一直在说“蔚蓝的大海”。

的确，从人造卫星拍摄的照片来看，大海的相当多的部分看上去是蓝色的。

但是，从微观上看，以内海湾和沿海部分为主，近年来海洋污染显著。

站在海岸眺望时能望到湛蓝而美丽的大海，这样的地方在当今的日本还有多少？大部分海洋污染是我们人类各种活动的结果所致。

迅猛发展的产业活动自不必说，就连我们的日常生活也导致了大海的污染，而且战争也直接或间接地污染了海洋。

近年来以开发海洋为名，各方面正在研讨对海洋进行多方位的开发利用。

我们人类的活动已经扩展到这样的地步，即无论是陆地还是海洋倘若不对它多少加以改变我们就无法生活下去。

但是，我们必须充分考虑从长远角度思考海洋的利用将会给地球环境带来怎样的影响？我们必须在此基础之上再采取贤明的行动。

现在已经到了必须强烈认识到这一点的时候了。

五、译文【文章１】译文：这是暑假结束后的第一个星期天。

上小学五年级的小女儿突然说因为今年夏天很冷她就没去游泳池，所以游泳也没练成。

她还说新学期一到马上就有一个25米的游泳测验，自己无论如何也要通过。

英语四级考试历年真题：完形填空1997-2005

英语四级考试历年真题：完形填空1997-2005大学英语四级考试（CET-4）完形填空试题及解析（1997——2005）班级：姓名：电话：①1997年6月大学英语四级试题Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food ___61___ it is badly cooked. The ___62___ a meal is cooked and served is most important and an ___63___ served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child ___64___ he likes or dislikes a food and never ___65___ likes and dislikes in front of him or allow ___66___ else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother ___67___ vegetables in the child’s hearing he is ___68___ to copy this procedure. Take it ___69___ granted that he likes everything and he probably___70___. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a ___71___ dislike. At meal times it is a good ___72___ to give a child a small portion and let him ___73___ back for a second helping rather than give him as ___74___ as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child___75___ meal times, but let him get on with his food; and do not ___76___ him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will ___77___ learn to swallow his food ___78___ he can hurry back to his toys. Under ___79___ circumstances must a child be coaxed (哄骗) ___80___ forced to eat.61. A) if B) until C) that D) unless62. A) procedure B) process C) way D) method63. A) adequately B) attractively C) urgently D) eagerly64. A) whether B) what C) that D) which65. A) remark B) tell C) discuss D) argue66. A) everybody B) anybody C) somebody D) nobody67. A) opposes B) denies C) refuses D) offends68. A) willing B) possible C) obliged D) likely69. A) with B) as C) over D) for70. A) should B) may C) will D) must71. A) supposed B) proved C) considered D) related72. A) point B) custom C) idea D) plan73. A) ask B) come C) return D) take74. A) much B) little C) few D) many75. A) on B) over C) by D) during76. A) agree B) allow C) force D) persuade77. A) hurriedly B) soon C) fast D) slowly78. A) so B) until C) lest D) although79. A) some B) any C) such D) no80. A) or B) nor C) but D) neither答案：61. D 62. C 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. D 70. C71. A 72. C 73. B 74. A 75. D 76. B 77. B 78. A 79. D 80. A②1998年1月大学英语四级试题Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.During recent years we have heard much about “race”: how this race does certain thi ngs and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the ___61___ phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications.We judge race usually ___62___ the colouring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But ___63___ you were to remove the skin you could not ___64___ anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is ___65___ in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to ___66___ a difference.There are four types of blood. ___67___ types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the ___68___. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will ___69___ in size, but this occurs within every race. ___70___ does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain ___71___ examined belonged to a person of weak ___72___. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had ___73___ brains.Mental tests which are reasonably ___74___ show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. ___75___ equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location.Individuals of every race ___76___ civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people, ___77___ enable them to behave in a ___78___ way.The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new ___79___ is better and higher than anything ___80___ the past.61. A) complete B) full C) total D) whole62. A) in B) from C) at D) on63. A) since B) if C) as D) while64. A) speak B) talk C) tell D) mention65. A) something B) everything C) nothing D) anything66. A) display B) indicate C) demonstrate D) appear67. A) All B) Most C) No D) Some68. A) same B) identical C) similar D) alike69. A) remain B) increase C) decrease D) vary70. A) Only B) Or C) Nor D) So71. A) ever B) then C) never D) once72. A) health B) body C) mind D) thought73. A) big B) small C) minor D) major74. A) true B) exact C) certain D) accurate75. A) Provided B) Concerning C) Given D) Following76. A) make B) cause C) move D) turn77. A) and B) but C) though D) so78. A) ordinary B) peculiar C) usual D) common79. A) that B) what C) whichever D) whatever80. A) for B) to C) within D) in答案：61. D 62. B 63. B 64. C 65. C 66. B 67. A 68. A 69. D 70. C71. A 72. C 73. B 74. D 75. C 76. B 77. A 78. D 79. A 80. D③1998年6月大学英语四级试题Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.The task of being accepted and enrolled (招收) in a university begins early for some students. Long___71___ they graduate from high school. These Students take special ___72___ to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one of more examinations that test how ___73___ prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they ___74___ applications and send them, with their student records, to the universities which they hope to ___75___. Some high school students many be ___76___ to have an interview with representatives of the university. Neatly, ___77___, and usually very frightened, they are ___78___ to show that they have a good attitude and the ___79___ to succeed.When the new students are finally ___80___, there may be one more step they have to ___81___ before registering for classes and ___82___ to work. Many colleges and universities ___83___ an orientation (情况介绍) program for new students. ___84___ these programs, the young people get to know the ___85___ for registration and student advising, university rules, the ___86___ of the library and all the other ___87___ services of the college or university.Beginning a new life in a new place can be very ___88___. The more knowledge students have ___89___ the school, the easier itwill be for them to ___90___ to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life.71. A) as B) after C) since D) before72. A) courses B) disciplines C) majors D) subjects73. A) deeply B)widely C) well D) much74. A) fulfil B) finish C) complete D) accomplish75. A) attend B) participate C) study D) belong76. A) acquired B) considered C) ordered D) required77. A) decorated B) dressed C) coated D) worn78. A) decided B) intended C) settled D) determined79. A) power B) ability C) possibility D) quality80. A) adopted B) accepted C) received D) permitted81. A) make B) undergo C) take D) pass82. A) getting B) putting C) falling D) sitting83. A) offer B) afford C) grant D) supply84. A) For B) Among C) In D) On85. A) processes B) procedures C) projects D) provisions86. A) application B) usage C) use D) utility87. A) major B) prominent C) key D) great88. A) amusing B) misleading C) alarming D) confusing89. A) before B) about C) on D) at90. A) fit B) suit C) yield D) adapt答案：71. D 72. A 73. C 74. C 75. A 76. D 77. B 78. D 79. B 80. B81. C 82. A 83. A 84. C 85. B 86. C 87. A 88. D 89. B 90. D④2000年1月In a telephone survey of more than 2，000 adults，21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72. I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school that the earth revolvesaround the sun；75 may even have written it 76 at test. But they never 77 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 78 because their every day observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 80 the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 81 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class，and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85 side by side，each unaffected by the other.Outside of class，the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circumstance. Unless profe ssors address 88 errors in students’ personal models of the world，students are not 89 to replace them with the 90 one.71.A.excessive B. extraC. additionalD. added72.A.what B. whichC. thatD. other73.A.virtually B. remarkablyC. ideallyD. preferably74.A.learned B. suggestedC. taughtD. advised75.A.those B. theseC. whoD. they76.A.on B. withC. underD. for77.A.formed B. alteredC. believedD. thought78.A.operation B. positionC. motionD. location79.A.how B. whichC. thatD. what80.A.around B. acrossC. onD. above 81.A.since B. soC. whileD. for82.A.to B. byC. inD. with83.A.with B. intoC. toD. along84.A.adult’s B. teacher’sC. scientist’sD. student’s85.A.exist B. occurC. surviveD. maintain86.A.private B. individualC. personalD. own87.A.in B. withC. onD. for88.A.general B. naturalC. similarD. specific89.A.obliged B. likelyC. probableD. partial90.A.perfectB. betterC. reasonableD. correct答案：71.C 72.B 73.A 74.C 75.D 76.A 77.B 78.C 79.D 80.B 81.C82.B 83.A 84.D 85.A 86.C 87.A 88.D 89.B 90.D⑤2001年1月For the past two years, I have been working on students’ evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations 71 some 300 students from at 72 twenty one colleges and universities. The students were generally 73 and direct in their comments 74 how course work could be better 75 Most of their remarks were kindly 76—with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the 77 that the students were speaking 78 some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, 79 the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel 80 with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be 81 from reading lecture n otes. “It makes their 82 monotonous (单调的).”If they are going to read, why not 83 out copies of the lecture? Then we 84 need to go to class. Professors should 85 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook.86 we’ve read the material, we want to 87 it or hear it elaborated on, 88 repeated.“A lot of students hate to buy a 89 text that the professor has written 90 to have his lectures repeat it.”71.A.involving B. countingC. coveringD. figuring72.A.best B. leastC.lengthD. large73.A.reserved B. hard workingC. politeD. frank74.A.over B. atC. onD. of75.A.presented B. submittedC. describedD. written76.A.received B. addressedC. madeD. taken77.A.occasion B. truthC. caseD. fact78.A.on B. aboutC. atD. with79.A.though B. asC. whetherD. if80.A.dissatisfied B. unsatisfactoryC. satisfiedD. satisfactory81.A.interfered B. interruptedC. discouragedD. disturbed82.A.voices B. soundsC. pronunciationD. gestures83.A.hold B. leaveC. dropD. give84.A.couldn’t B. wouldn’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t85.A.refuse B. prohibitC. preventD. avoid86.A.Once B. UntilC. HoweverD. Unless87.A.remember B. argueC. discussD.keep88.A.yet B. notC. andD.or89.A.desired B. revisedC. requiredD.deserved90.A.about B. howC. butD.only【答案】：71.A72.B73.D74.C75.A76.C77.C78.B79.B80.A 81.C82.A83.D84.D85.D86.A87.C88.B89.C90.DMore than forty thousand readers told us that they looked for in close friendships, what they expected 61 friends, what they were willing to give in 62, and how satisfied they were 63 the quality of their friendships. The 64 give little comfort to social critics.Friendship 65 to be a unique form of 66 bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that 67 parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by 68. Unlike other social roles that we are expected to 69—as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and 70 organizations—it has its own principle, which is to promote 71 of warmth, trust, love, and affection 72 two people.The survey on friendship appeared in the March 73 ofPsychology Today. The findings 74 that issues of trust and betrayal（背叛)are 75 to friendship. They also suggest that our readers do not 76 for friends only among those who are 77 like them, but find many 78 differ in race, religion, and ethnic（种族的)background. Arguably the most important 79 that emerges from the data, 80, is not something that we found—but what we did not.61.A.on B. ofC. toD. for62.A.addition B. replyC. turnD. return63.A.about B. ofC. withD. by64.A.results B. effectsC. expectationsD. consequences65.A.feels B. leadsC. soundsD. appears66.A.human B. mankindC. individualD. civil67.A.bind B. attachC. controlD. attract68.A.discipline B. lawC. ruleD. regulation69.A.keep B. doC. showD. play70.A.all B. anyC. otherD. those 71.A.friendship B. interestsC. feelingsD. impressions72.A.between B. onC. inD. for73.A.print B. issueC. publicationD. copy74.A.secure B. assureC. confirmD. resolve75.A.neutral B. mainC. nuclearD. central76.A.ask B. callC. appealD. look77.A.most B. moreC. leastD. less78.A.people B. whoC. whatD. friends79.A.conclusion B. summaryC. decisionD. claim80.A.moreover B. howeverC. stillD. yet答案：61.B62.D63.C64.C65.D 66.C67.A68.B69.D70.C71.C72.A73.B74.C75.D 76.D77.A78.B79.A80.B⑦2002年1月One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air conditioned and I couldn’t face my 71 apartment. Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 72 between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the 73 every time she leaned over to talk to him, 74 he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such 75 in a public place? I thought the movie would be good for my English, but 76 it turned out, it was an Italian movie. 77 about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and 78 on my popcorn ( 爆玉米花). I’ve never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, 79.After a while I heard 80 more of the romantic sounding Italians. I just heard the 81 of the popcorn crunching ( 咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought started to 82. I remembered when I was in South Korea (韩国), I 83 to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean—I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, 84 I saw him again in New York speaking 85 English instead of perfect Korean. He didn’t even have a Korean accent and I 86 like I had been betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. 87 we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very 88 and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to 89 in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it 90 out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.71.A.warm B. hot C. heated D. cool72.A.crack B. blank C. break D. opening73.A.aspect B. view C. space D. angle74.A.while B. whenever C. or D. and75.A.attraction B. attention C. affection D. motion76.A.since B. when C. what D. as77.A.Within B. After C. For D. Over78.A.concentrate B. chew C. fix D. taste79.A.too B. still C. though D. certainly80.A.much B. any C. no D. few 81.A.voice B. sound C. rhythmD. tone82.A.wonder B. wander C. imagine D. depart83.A.enjoyed B. happened C. turned D. used84.A.until B. because C. then D. therefore85.A.artificial B. informal C. perfect D. practical86.A.felt B. looked C. seemed D. appeared87.A.While B. If C. Before D. Once88.A.empty B. quiet C. stiff D. calm89.A.telling B. uttering C. saying D. speaking90.A.worked B. got C. came D. made【答案】：71—75.B.D.D.C.C 76—80.D.B.A.C.C 81—85.B.B.D.A.B 86—90.A.D.B.D.CA language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.Let’s look at this 61 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 62 distinguishes man from the rest of the 63 world.Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 64 of cries: for example, many birds utter 65 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 66 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 67 these various means of communicationdiffer in important ways 68 human language. For instance, animals’ cries do not 69 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 70 us to divide a human utterance into 71.We can change an utterance by 72 one word in it with 73: a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, 74 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 75 means “danger!”This is why the number of 76 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 77 point; it has about twenty different calls, 78 in human language the number of possible utterances is 79. It also explains why animal cries are very 80 in meaning.61.A.classificationB.definitionC.functionD.perception62.A.that B. itC.asD.what63.A.native B. humanC. physicalD. animal64.A.ways B. meansC. methodsD. approaches65.A.mating B. excitingC. warningD. boring66.A.identical B. similarC. differentD. unfamiliar67.A.But B.ThereforeC. AfterwardsD. Furthermore68.A.about B. withC. fromD. in69.A.infer B. explainC. interpretD. express70.A. encourages B. enablesC. enforcesD. ensures71.A.speeches B. soundsC. wordsD.voices72.A. replacingB. spellingC. pronouncingD.saying73.A.ours B. theirsC. anotherD. others74.A.so B. andC. butD.or75.A.this B.thatC.whichD.it76.A.signs B.gesturesC.signalsD.marks77.A.in B.atC. ofD.for78.A.whereas B. sinceC. anyhowD.somehow79.A.boundless B. changeableC. limitlessD. ceaseless80.A.ordinary B. alikeC. commonD. general【答案】：61.B62.C63.C64.B65.C66.C67.A68.C69.D70.B71.C72.A73.C74.B75.C76.C77.A78.A79.C80.B⑨2004年1月It’s an annual back to school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that 71 evening you’re burning the late night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, 72 are t h rowing the books at kids. 73 elementary school students are compl aining of homework 74. What’s a well meaning parent to do?As hard as 75 may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, 76 helping too much, or even exa mining 77 too carefully, you may keep them 78 doing it by themselv es. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every 79 assignment,” says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. “There’s a 80 of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children 81 the grade they deserve.”Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 82. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be 83,” she says.That’s not to say parents should 84 h omework—first, they should monitor how much homework their kids 85. Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 86 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior high students it should be “ 87 more than an hour and a half,” and two for high school students. If your child 88 has more homeworkthan this, you may want to check 89 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 90 assignment.71.A.very B. exactC. rightD. usual72.A.officials B. parentsC. expertsD. schools73.A.Also B. EvenC. ThenD. However74.A.fatigue B. confusionC. dutyD. puzzle75.A.there B. weC. theyD. it76.A.via B. underC. byD. for77.A.questions B. answersC. standardsD. rules78.A.off B. withoutC. beyondD. from79.A.single B. pieceC. pageD. other80.A.drop B. shortC. cutD. lack 81.A.acquire B. earnC. gatherD. reach82.A.exercises B. defectsC. mistakesD. tests83.A.perfect B. betterC. unusualD. complete84.A.forget B. refuseC. missD. ignore85.A.have B. prepareC. makeD. perform86.A.classes B. groupsC. gradesD. terms87.A.about B. noC. muchD. few88.A.previously B. rarelyC. merelyD. consistently89.A.with B. inC. outD. up90.A.finishing B. loweringC. reducingD. declining【答案】：71.A72.D73.B74.A75.D76.C77.B78.D79.A80.D 81.B82.C83.A84.D85.A86.C87.B88.D89.A90.CHistorians tend to tell the same joke when they are describin g history education in America. It’s the one 61 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door 62 goodbye to students for the summer and calling 63 them, “By the wa y, we won World War II.”The problem with the joke, of course, is that it’s 64 funny.The recent surveys on 65 illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17 year olds cannot even 66 which countries the United States 67 against in that war. One third have no 68 when the Declaration of Independence was 69. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 70 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 71 when they get the answers right, some are 72 guessing.Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74. But it does affect our future 75 a democratic nation and as individuals.The 76 news is that there is growing agreement 77 what is wrong with the 78 of history and what needs to be 79 to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性) 80 yet to be felt in most classrooms.61.A.aboutB. inC. forD. by62.A.shakingB. wavingC. noddingD. speaking63.A.inB. afterC. forD. up64.A.rarelyB. soC. tooD. not65.A.historicalB. educationalC. culturalD. political66.A.distinguishB. acknowledgeC. identifyD. convey67.A.defeatedB. attackedC. foughtD. struck68.A.sense B. doubtC. reasonD. idea69.A.printed B. signedC. markedD. edited70.A.place B. judgeC. getD. lock71.A.Even B. ThoughC. ThusD. So 72.A.hardly B. justC. stillD. ever73.A.exclusively B. practicallyC. shortlyD. directly/doc/4390ea73a417866fb84a8ec1.html munityD. commitment75.A.of B. forC. withD. as76.A.fine B. niceC. surprisingD. good77.A.toB. withC. onD. of78.A. consulting B. coachingC. teachingD. instructing79.A. done B. dealtC. metD. reached80.A. therefore B. orC. andD. as【答案】61.A62.B63.B64.D65.A66.C67.C68.D 69.B70.B71.A72.B73.D74.C75.D76.D77.C78.C79.A80.B.（11）2005年1月Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The 61 you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 62 your money or can add 63 the cost.Take the 64 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might 65 that you are making the 66 buy if you choose one 67 look you like and which is also the cheapest 68 price. But when you get it home you may find that it 69 twice as long as a more expensive 70 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well 71 your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 72 when you go out shopping?If you 73 your home, your car or any valuable 74 in excellent condition, you’ll be saving money in the long 75. Before you buy a new 76, talk to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or borrow it to check if it suits your particular 77.Before you buy an expensive 78, or a service, do check the price and 79 is on offer. If possible, choose 80 three items or three estimates.61.A. formB. fashionC. wayD. method62.A. saveB. preserveC. raiseD. retain63.A. upB. toC. inD. on64.A. easyB. singleC. simpleD. similar65.A. convinceB. acceptC. examineD. think66.A. properB. bestC. reasonableD. most67.A. itsB. whichC. whoseD. what68.A. forB. withC. inD. on69.A. spendsB. takesC. lastsD. consumes70.A. modeB. copyC. sampleD. model 71.A. causeB. makeC. leaveD. prove72.A. adoptB. layC. stickD. adapt73.A. reserveB. decorateC. storeD. keep74.A. productsB. possessionC. materialD. ownership75.A. runB. intervalC. periodD. time76.A. applianceB. equipmentC. utilityD. facility77.A. functionB. purposeC. goalD. task78.A. componentB. elementC. itemD. particle79.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. this80.A. ofB. inC. byD. from【答案】：61.C62.A63.B64.C65.D66.B67.C68.C69.B70.D71.B72.A73.D74.B75.A76.A77.B78.C79.A80.D（12）2005年12月As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening to that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 71 only once—for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 72made me quite curious about how 73 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 74 with a real mid air medical emergency—without access 75 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 76 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 77 a study about in flight medical events, I read it 78 interest.The study estimated that there are a(n) 79 of 30 in flightmedical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 80; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints.81 13% of them—roughly four a day—are serious enough to 82a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 83 heart trouble, strokes, and difficult breathing.Let’s face it: plane rides are 84.For starters, cabin pressure s at high altitudes are set at roughly 85 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 86, but passengers with heart disease 87 experience chest pains as result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 88 common in flight problem is deep venous thrombosis—the so called economy class syndrome (综合症). 89 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in flight emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 90 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.71.A.called/doc/4390ea73a417866fb84a8ec1.html rmedD.surveyed72.A.Accident B.conditionC.incidentD.disaster73.A.soon B.longC.manyD.often74.A.confronted B.treatedC.identifiedD.provided75.A.for B.toC.byD.through76.A.before B.sinceC.whenD.while77.A.collected B.conductedC.discoveredD.published78.A.by B.ofC.withD.in79.A.amount B.averageC.sumD.number80A.significant/doc/4390ea73a417866fb84a8ec1.html monD.serious。

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