定语从句讲解

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一、概念:

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如:

I want to marry a rich man.

定语

I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. (从句谓语和先行词一致)

先行词定语从句

定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;

定语从句用关系词(_____________ _____________)来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。

1)关系代词:______________________________________

2)关系副词:______________________________________

二、关系词的用法:

(一)关系代词的用法:

1) who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或宾语。例如:

He is the man who/that wants to marry me.

他就是那个想娶我的人。(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I want to marry.

他就是我想嫁的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

合并:

1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage.

_______________________________________________________

2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt.

_______________________________________________________

3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music.

_______________________________________________________

翻译:

1那就是教我们英语的老师。

______________________________________

2你正在等的教授已经来了。

______________________________________

2) whose

用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,可以同of which互换,放在从句主语后面)。He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。

Please pass me the book whose cover is green.

=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.

合并:

1 He bought a dress. The dress’s price is 100 pounds.

____________________________________________________

2 He has a friend. The friend’s mother is a singer.

_____________________________________________________

1)那个门被打破的教室不久会被修复。

______________________________________________

3) which, that

所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:Football is a game which/that is favored by most boys.

足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏。(which / that在句中作主语)

This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday.

这是他昨天刚买的钢笔。(which / that在句中作宾语)

合并:

1.I can’t find the book. I bought a book yesterday.

________________________________________________

2.The cat is mine. The cat is playing with a ball.

____________________________________________________

翻译:

1这是他昨天买的钢笔。

____________________________________

2昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。

____________________________________

3他喜欢外国作家写的书。

____________________________________

4他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

____________________________________

(二)关系副词的用法:

1.when

指时间,在从句中作时间状语

他的先行词通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year

She still remembers the day when (= ) he proposed.

她还记得他求婚的那一天。

翻译:

1)我仍然记得爷爷去世的那一天。

______________________________________

2)我永远忘不了我们在一起的那些日子。

______________________________________

3)1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

______________________________________

2.where

指地点,在从句中作地点状语。

它的先行词通常有:place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country

This is the hotel where (= ) they are staying.

This is a factory where (= ) handbags are made.

翻译:

1)惠州是我出生的地方。

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