定语从句讲解
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一、概念:
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如:
I want to marry a rich man.
定语
I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. (从句谓语和先行词一致)
先行词定语从句
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;
定语从句用关系词(_____________ _____________)来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。
1)关系代词:______________________________________
2)关系副词:______________________________________
二、关系词的用法:
(一)关系代词的用法:
1) who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或宾语。例如:
He is the man who/that wants to marry me.
他就是那个想娶我的人。(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I want to marry.
他就是我想嫁的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
合并:
1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage.
_______________________________________________________
2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt.
_______________________________________________________
3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music.
_______________________________________________________
翻译:
1那就是教我们英语的老师。
______________________________________
2你正在等的教授已经来了。
______________________________________
2) whose
用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,可以同of which互换,放在从句主语后面)。He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.
合并:
1 He bought a dress. The dress’s price is 100 pounds.
____________________________________________________
2 He has a friend. The friend’s mother is a singer.
_____________________________________________________
1)那个门被打破的教室不久会被修复。
______________________________________________
3) which, that
所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:Football is a game which/that is favored by most boys.
足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏。(which / that在句中作主语)
This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday.
这是他昨天刚买的钢笔。(which / that在句中作宾语)
合并:
1.I can’t find the book. I bought a book yesterday.
________________________________________________
2.The cat is mine. The cat is playing with a ball.
____________________________________________________
翻译:
1这是他昨天买的钢笔。
____________________________________
2昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
____________________________________
3他喜欢外国作家写的书。
____________________________________
4他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
____________________________________
(二)关系副词的用法:
1.when
指时间,在从句中作时间状语
他的先行词通常有:time, day, morning, night, week, year
She still remembers the day when (= ) he proposed.
她还记得他求婚的那一天。
翻译:
1)我仍然记得爷爷去世的那一天。
______________________________________
2)我永远忘不了我们在一起的那些日子。
______________________________________
3)1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
______________________________________
2.where
指地点,在从句中作地点状语。
它的先行词通常有:place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country
This is the hotel where (= ) they are staying.
This is a factory where (= ) handbags are made.
翻译:
1)惠州是我出生的地方。