英语国家概况_第章
英语国家概况Unit 1
Unit 1
A Brief Introduction
Full name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Shortened form: United Kingdom or UK Popular names: the UK, Britain, England, British Isles In 1927 the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was adopted.
The
Nickname: John Bull
The Union Flag/Union Jack
Symbols
St. George's Cross ,
St, Andrew’s Cross,
St. Patrick’s Cross
The national anthem: God Save the Queen (King) The national emblem: the British Royal Arms
The differences of British society
1. Britain is divided economically: it is a society with a class-structure. 2. Another difference which marks British society is that of region. Even within each of the four countries there are different regions. 3. Part of the reason for that economic difference between north and south is found in another distinction which marks British society: the difference between the capital and the provinces. (the significant role of London.
英语国家概况 Chapter 1
The UK is made up of:
Great Britain ( England , Scotland and Wales ) Northern Ireland
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Lake District
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Big Ben
Westminster Abbey
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
3. Major Cities—London
the capital of England and the United Kingdom the political, industrial, cultural and financial center of the country one of the world's leading banking and financial centers
英语国家概况__谢福之_复习资料
Chapter 1全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain （大不列颠联合王国）（大不列颠联合王国） and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰）（北爱尔兰） 由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles ）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain （大不列颠）（大不列颠） and Ireland （爱尔兰）（爱尔兰）The River Thames (second longest and most important), originates （起源于） in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh 爱丁堡爱丁堡 ) important river:Clyde River kilts （苏克兰小短裙）（苏克兰小短裙） Wales ( Cardiff 加迪夫，著名港口 ). The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland (Belfast 贝尔法斯特，首府) Lough Lough Neagh----the Neagh----the Neagh----the largest largest largest lake lake lake in in in the the British Isles. Climate : temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛暖夏凉，降雨充沛Three major features : winter fog, rainy day, instability : winter fog, rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London ---Buckingham Palace （白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅), St. Paul ’s Cathedral （圣保（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London （伦敦塔桥）（伦敦塔桥）The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人 Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people 威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系英语属于日耳曼语语系 Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。
《英语国家概况》-_Chapter_1_Land_and_People
第一章国土与人民Ⅰ.英国的不同名称及其区域人们说到英国时常常使用不同的名称:不列颠、大不列颠、英格兰、不列颠群岛、联合王国等。
这些名称一样吗?还是有所区别?严格地讲，不列颠诸岛、大不列颠和英格兰都是地理名称。
它们并不是这个国家的正式名称。
不列颠诸岛是由两个大岛和几百个小岛组成的。
两个大岛是不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛，其中不列颠岛较大，它与爱尔兰岛的北部一北爱尔兰构成联合王国。
因此，联合王国的正式国名是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
但一口气说出这么长的国名太费事，因此，人们就说不列颠，联合王国或简单地说UK。
这是不列颠岛上的一个国家，首都是伦敦。
另外还有一个国家，叫爱尔兰共和国或称爱尔兰，也位于不列颠岛上。
它占据了爱尔兰岛的其余部分，在岛的南部。
1949年始爱尔兰独立，首都是都柏林。
大不列颠岛上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
英格兰面积最大、人口最多，一般说来也最富裕。
因此人们常用英格兰指代英国，用英格兰人指代英国人。
这有时令苏格兰人和威尔士人不快，他们不认为自己是"英格兰人"，他们有自己的文化，甚至有自己的语言。
英国一直是世界上最重要的国家之一。
约一百年前，由于推行帝国主义扩张政策，英国成为一个帝国，这个帝国占有世界上四分之一的人口，四分之一的面积。
它不仅在北美，而且在亚洲、非洲和澳洲都有殖民地。
但是两次世界大战大大削弱了英国，英国殖民地接二连三独立，大英帝国逐渐消失，1931年由英联邦所取代。
英联邦是一个自由联合体，由曾经是英国殖民地变为现已独立的国家构成。
成员国之间实行经济合作，有一定的贸易协议。
英联邦没有特别的权力，是否参加英联邦由各成员国自己决定。
目前( 1991年) ，英联邦有50个成员国。
Ⅱ.英国的地理特征英国是个岛国，四周是海。
它位于欧洲北海岸附近的北大西洋中。
南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海把英国与欧洲的其他部分隔开。
英法之间的英吉利海峡很狭窄，最狭窄的地方叫多佛尔海峡，只有33公里宽。
英语国家概况(汉英对照)
英语国家概况A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIESPart One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland第一部分大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国第一章国土与人民Chapter 1 Land and PeopleⅠ.英国的不同名称及其区域1. Different Names for Britain and its Parts人们说到英国时常常使用不同的名称:不列颠、大不列颠、英格兰、不列颠群岛、联合王国等。
这些名称一样吗?还是有所区别? When people refer to Britain, they often use different names such as Britain, Great Britain, England, the British Isles, the United Kingdom or the U.K. Do they mean the same thing? Or are they different?严格地讲，不列颠诸岛、大不列颠和英格兰都是地理名称。
它们并不是这个国家的正式名称。
不列颠诸岛是由两个大岛和几百个小岛组成的。
两个大岛是不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛，其中不列颠岛较大，它与爱尔兰岛的北部一北爱尔兰构成联合王国。
因此，联合王国的正式国名是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
但一口气说出这么长的国名太费事，因此，人们就说不列颠，联合王国或简单地说UK。
这是不列颠岛上的一个国家，首都是伦敦。
另外还有一个国家，叫爱尔兰共和国或称爱尔兰，也位于不列颠岛上。
它占据了爱尔兰岛的其余部分，在岛的南部。
1949 年始爱尔兰独立，首都是都柏林。
Strictly speaking, the British Isles,Great Britain and England are all geographical names. They are not the official name of the country. The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones. The two large islands are Great Britain andIreland. Great Britain is the larger of these two islands. It forms the United Kingdom with Northern Ireland—the northern part of Ireland. So the official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. But it is too much of a mouthful to say such a long name for a country, so people just say Britain, the United Kingdom or simply U.K. This is one country on the British Isles and its capital is London. There is another country called the Republic of Ireland or Eire on the British Isles. It takes up the remainder of Ireland—the southern part of Ireland. It has been an independent republic since 1949 and its capital is Dublin.大不列颠岛上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
英语国家概况归纳
Introduction to English-speaking Countries第一章英国●Full NameThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，简称“UK（联合王国）”。
●Geography位于欧洲大陆西北部的Great Britain Island（大不列颠岛）上，东濒North Sea（北海），西临Atlantic（大西洋），南与European Continent（欧洲大陆）以English Channel（英吉利海峡）、Denver Channel（多佛海峡）相隔。
由Great Britain（包括England、Scotland、Wales和Ireland东北部）和附近大约5500多个小岛组成。
陆界与Republic of Ireland （爱尔兰共和国）接壤。
国土总面积共24.18万平方公里，海岸线总长1.15万公里。
Ⅰ、Scotland（苏格兰地区）Glasgow（格拉斯哥）——第一大城市（英国全境第三大城市），为苏格兰地区工业重镇，著名的Clyde（克莱德河）即流经此地。
市里有University of Glasgow（格拉斯哥大学）、St Monger（圣蒙戈）大教堂和Hampton Court Park（汉普登公园）。
Edinburgh（爱丁堡）——第二大城市，为苏格兰自治政府所在地，历史悠久，素有“Northern Athens（北方雅典）”之美誉。
城区以Princes Street（王子大街）为界，一边是New Town，一边是Old Town。
著名古迹有：Edinburgh Castle（爱丁堡城堡）、St Giles′Cathedral（圣吉尔教堂）、National Gallery of Scotland（苏格兰国立美术馆）、Scott Monument（司各特纪念碑）、Palace of Holyroodhouse（圣十字架宫）等。
英语国家概况 第一章
Eastern （东部） ---Balto-Slavonic （波罗的—斯拉夫语族） Baltic ---Lettish ---Lithuanian Slavonic ---Russian ---Bulgarian ---Czech ---Polish ---Serbian ---Indo-Iranian （印度-伊朗语族） ---Sanskrit （焚语） ---Persian ---Languages of India ---Albanian ---Armenian
3.Major Cities
ndon , the capital of both England and the United Kingdom , is the political, industrial , culture and financial center of the country. Landmark: Guildhall and St . Paul`s Cathedral (圣保罗大教堂) 2.Edinburgh , the capital of Scotland，is famous for the University of Edinburgh . Edinburgh is Scotland`s administrative , financial , legal , medical and insurance center. 3.Cardiff is the Europe`s youngest capital fashionable city and shopping center. city of Wales. Most
The Clyde River ,most important river in Scotland. Edinburgh is its capital. Tourism is the most important industries.(conclud drinking Scotch whisky and enjoying Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes [ˈ ɡpaip]) bæ
英语国家概况,课件(一)chapter1 (1)
C h a p t e r I1.G e o g r a p h y，P e o p l ea n d t h e L a n g u a g eI.G e o g r a p h yG e o g r a p h i c a l F e a t u r e s o f B r i t i s h I s l e sL o c a t i o n i n t h e W o r l d1).B r i t a i n i s l o c a t e d i n t h e n o r t h w e s t o f E u r o p e.2).S o u t h:c u t o f f f r o m t h e c o n t i n e n t b y t h e E n g l i s h C h a n n e l.(B r i t a i n d o e s n o t s h a r e l a n db o r d e r w i t h a n yc o u n t r i e s e x c e p t t h e R e p u b l i c o f I r e l a n d.)3).N o r t h a n d E a s t:N o r t h S e a4).W e s t:t h e A t l a n t i c O c e a nN a m e a n d A r e a⏹F u l l n a m e:t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m o f G r e a t B r i t a i n a n d N o r t h e r n I r e l a n d(大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国）⏹O t h e r n a m e s:B r i t a i n,G r e a t B r i t a i n,E n g l a n d,t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m o r t h e U.K.⏹N i c k n a m e:J o h n B u l l约翰牛约翰牛是英国的绰号。
英语国家概况(英国部分)
Chapter 1 The Land and History英国全称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士及北爱尔兰构成，位于大西洋东部的不列颠群岛，是个岛屿国家，由大不列颠岛，爱尔兰岛北部和众多小岛组成。
面积约24.40万平方公里，人口超过6400万(2013年)。
英国属于温带海洋气候，常年温和多雨，气候多变。
受高纬度因素的影响，有类似极昼极夜的现象，冬季日短夜长，夏季日长夜短。
公元前3000年左右，伊比亚人最先到达大不列颠岛。
随后，比克利人、凯尔特人相继来到不列颠。
公元前1世纪到公元5世纪，罗马入侵。
罗马人撤离后，欧洲北部的盎格鲁撒克逊人和以丹麦人为主体的斯堪的纳维亚先后入侵。
到了1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉征服了英格兰，英国的封建制度正式形成。
1215年，国王约翰被迫签订了大宪章。
不久，议会制度形成，从此英国的王权被不断削弱和限制。
1688年，“光荣革命”爆发，确立了君主立宪制。
18世纪后期到19世纪前期，英国成为世界上第一个开始并完成工业革命的国家。
19世纪是英国发展的鼎盛时期，分别建立了第一大英帝国和第二大英帝国。
到二战前夕，英国统治了世界约1/4的土地。
第一次世界大战以及第二次世界大战的爆发，导致英国的政治、经济势力大为削弱，失去了霸权地位。
随着其殖民地的相继独立，20世纪60年代，大英帝国彻底瓦解。
I. General IntroductionMap of British Isles1. Location and the Four NationsThe full name of the UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is made up of four nations: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. It is located to the northwest of continental Europe, separated by the English Channel. Geographically, it is an island country, covering an area of about 244,019 km2, and consists of Great Britain and northeastern part of Ireland, together with many small islands of British Isles.Great Britain accounts for over 90% of the country’s tota l landmass. It is the largest island off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe with England, Scotland and Wales on it. Ireland is the second largest island of British Isles located to the northwest of Great Britain. It is divided into two parts: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland (an independent country).England is the largest part of the UK and occupies most of the southern two thirds of Great Britain. The total area of England is 130,410 km2 with a population of around 53.9 million (Mid-2013 estimated), which covers more than 84% of the total UK population. It is the most populous and highly urbanized part of the UK. London, the capital of the UK and England, as well as the seat of government, is located in its southeastern part.Scotland is the second largest and most mountainous part of the UK in the north of Great Britain. Compared with that of England, the population density is quite low. There are only 5.3 million people with an area of 78,789 km2. Edinburgh, its largest city, is the capital of Scotland. Scotland is famous for its beautiful natural scenery, such as Scottish Highlands1and Loch Ness2, as well as many historical places, like the Edinburgh Castles.Wales is on the western side of central southern Great Britain. The total area of Wales is 20,779 km2, which accounts for 1/4 parts of the UK. It is also a mountainous part of Great Britain, particularly in the north and central regions. The southeast region is the most built up region of Wales, and the majority of its population live there and a large proportion of its industry is based there. Its capital city, Cardiff, is also in this region.Northern Ireland lies in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering14,139 km2, which constitutes 1/6 of the island. It is the smallest part among the four nations of the UK, as well as the second sparsely populated part after Scotland. The capital is Belfast, the largest city in Northern Ireland both in population and in area. It is the center for government, economic, arts, higher education, business, law of Northern Ireland. Additionally, it is the birthplace of Titanic, and voted one of the world’s top destinations.2. ClimateThe overall climate in the UK is temperate maritime, which means that it is mild with temperatures neither much lower than 0℃in winter nor much higher 32℃in summer. Generally, the UK has warm summers and cool winters, with July and August as the warmest month, and January and February as the coldest. However, due to the influence of Gulf Stream3, the summers are cooler than those in continent while the winters are milder. Normally, the temperature in summer is around 20℃，with the high rarely going above 30℃. The average temperature in winter is around 0℃and seldom go below -10℃even in the most northern part of the country.Meanwhile, since Britain is an island country and surrounded by the sea, the climate is considerably changeable compared with other countries. Since the variable climate changing day to day, it is hard for people to predict what the weather will be like the next day. Additionally, the unique geographical position is also the reason for the dampness of the climate. The rainfall is fairly distributed throughout the year. Although it does not rain every day, it is always advisable for people to bring an umbrella or waterproof clothing every day.II. History1. The Founding of the NationThe recorded history of the UK begins with the Roman invasion in 55BC. In 55 and 54BC, Britain was twice invaded by Julius Caesar and his Roman troops. However, it was not until 43AD that the Roman led by Claudius I finally successfully invaded and Britain became part of the Roman Empire. The native Celtic were driven to the mountain regions of Scotland and Wales, which remained unconquered by the Romans.The Romans have great impact on many aspects of the British culture. The Roman civilization was introduced to the Britain during this period. For example, Roman style baths and temples were built, cities like London and towns were constructed, and the system of government was also introduced. With the decline of the Roman Empire, when the Germanic troops attacked Rome in 410 A.D., the Romans had to withdraw in order to protect their own nation, which led to the end of Roman occupation.After the leave of the Romans, three groups of Germanic tribes called the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons came to Britain from the European continent in the mid-4th century. They conquered different regions of Britain:1Scottish Highlands：苏格兰高地，是对苏格兰高地边界断层以西和以北的山地的称，被认为是欧洲风景最优美的地区。
新版英语国家概况精讲笔记
新版英语国家概况精讲笔记新版“英语国家概况”精讲笔记Ｃhapteｒ１第⼀章Land and Pｅｏｐle英国得国⼟与⼈民Ｉ、Diｆｆereｎt Nameｓ fｏr Ｂritａin aｎｄ itｓ Pａrts英国得不同名称及其各组成部分1、Gｅographｉcａl nａmes: the Brｉtｉsｈ Iｓles, GreaｔＢritaｉn ａndEｎglａnd、地理名称:不列颠群岛，⼤不列颠与英格兰。
2、Official namｅ：ｔhe ＵniteｄＫｉngdｏｍoｆ Gｒeat Ｂriｔain and Norｔhern Ｉrｅlａnd、官⽅正式名称:⼤不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
３、Tｈe BritｉsｈＩsｌes ａre maｄｅup of ｔwo ｌarｇe ｉsｌands－GｒeaｔBrｉｔain (the ｌａrger ｏnｅ) anｄ Iｒela ｎｄ， aｎｄhundｒeds oｆsmallonｅs、不列颠群岛由两个⼤岛—⼤不列颠岛(较⼤得⼀个)与爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个⼩岛组成。
4、Thｒee ｐolｉtical dｉvｉsions on ｔhｅ islａnd of Gｒeat Briｔaｉn: Englanｄ, Scotland anｄ Wales、⼤不列颠岛上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰与威尔⼠。
（１) Englanｄ is iｎtｈｅ souｔhern ｐarｔｏf Grｅat Ｂritain、 It iｓｔhe largesｔ，mｏsｔ popｕlｏuｓ sectｉon、英格兰位于⼤不列颠岛南部,就就是最⼤,⼈⼝最稠密得地区。
（2) Sｃotｌand iｓｉｎthe ｎortｈｏｆGｒeaｔＢritaiｎ、 Iｔ has thrｅe nａｔural ｚonｅs （thｅＨiｇhlands in ｔhｅnorth； tｈe Ｃenｔralｌowｌands；tｈｅsｏuｔh Upｌands) Capiｔal: Edｉｎbｕrgh苏格兰位于⼤不列颠得北部。
英语国家概况chapter1资料
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游人可登桥观看附近古城塔群景色，也可参观设在主塔内部
的博物馆和展览厅。原来旧桥的饰面石块拆下后运到美国亚 利桑那州哈瓦苏湖城，砌在一座钢筋混凝土桥的外面
f. Lakes:
the largest: the Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland
the Lake District: in the north-west England and North Wales; well-known for its wild and beautiful scenery and 15 lakes. It is the home of the Lake poets W. Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and R. Southey in the 19th century.
4. the calamities
Fog, smog, frost and severe gales often cause great damage to crops and people’s life. In 1952 the sulphur dioxide in the four-day London smog left 4000 people dead or dying.
Britain:
57 mil
英语国家概况(修订版)Chapter1资料
than North and Mid-Wales.
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly.
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
Total territory: about 243,000 square kilometers
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Topography
England: It consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous
terrain in the northwest, north and southwest.
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Location and territory
Location of the UK:
The mainland areas lie between ▪ latitudes 49°N and 61°N and ▪ longitudes 8°W to 2°E
❖ 1. Geographical Features ❖ 2. Climate ❖ 3. Major Cities
英语国家概况 Chapter 1
The United Kingdom
The Multicultural UK
1. A multiracial society
Roots: • A history of invasion --- being invaded and invading
aboriginals: ancient Celts
Confusing Terms
Separate nations make up the country
England Wales
UK
Scotland
The United Kingdom
Northern Ireland
Click
Landforms
England—the largest region
The United Kingdom
Confusing Terms
Difference between UK, England, Great Britain and the British Isles
England
Great Britain
UK
The British Isles
The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom
Geography of the UK
Influence of geography Influence-Climate: • temperate maritime --- warmed by the Mexico Gulf stream • Warmer in winter and cooler in summer • Mild, chilly and often wet
1.What are the features of British geography? 2. What is the relationship between its geography and its culture ?
英语国家概况完整篇复习重点Word版
英语国家概况Chapter 1 Land and People第一章英国的国土与人民I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。
4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
英语国家概况 Unit One The Country
Scotland
Northern Ireland
The Flowers
England-Rose
Scotland-Thislte Northern IrelandClover Wales-Leek & Daffodil
National flower：Rose National anthem ： “God save the King/Queen” National bird：Redbreast
4
5
6
7
Social Services
Education
8
Way of life
Unit One The Country
1.1 General Introduction
1.2 Topography
1.3 Rivers and Lakes 1.4 Climate
1.1.1 What’s the official name? “When people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles - but never England.”
England Cardiff, capital of Wales
London, capital of England
Flag: National Day: Area: Population: Nationality : Climate: Capital City: Major Cities: Official Language: Official Animal
Commonwealth of the Nation
英语国家概况 Chapter 1 (1)
Foreign Language School
Chen Shilei
Chapter 1 American and British Social Life
英 语 国 家 概 况
Q: As to America and Britain, what do you know? Speak out the key words you think of.
_____ _____ is the national flag of UK, which combines the _____ of St. George (patron saint of England), St. Andrew (patron saint of Scotland) and St. Patrick (patron saint of Ireland).
because of religion persecution.
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Blacks
There are about 29 million people in the USA who mainly came from Africa. The first group of blacks was brought into Virginia colony as slaves in 1619. Since the colonies were in need of labor, the slave system developed rapidly. The Civil War ended the slave system. Black people got many more rights than before. In 1964, the US Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, which protected the black people’s rights to vote, to use public facilities and to enjoy the same education as white people.
英语国家概况第一单元ppt 超级详细!
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United Kingdom
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
College of Foreign Languages, Hainan Normal University
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Official Language: English
Other Languages:
Welsh威尔士语: about 20% of the population of Wales Scottish Gaelic苏格兰盖尔语: about 60,000 (1%) in Scotland Irish Gaelic爱尔兰盖尔语
Monaco 摩纳哥
16,905/ km2
1st
Singapore
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6,814/ km2
2nd
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Shamrock三叶草
smallest Belfast: capital; biggest city in Northern Ireland Lough Neagh: largest freshwater lake in UK The Giants Causeway巨人堤道: World Heritage Site
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Do you know how the names of the days in a week came into being? The Anglo-Saxons brought their own Teutonic（日耳曼人的） religion to Britain. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday respectively derive from their gods. — Tiu—god of war — Woden—king of heaven — Thor—god of storms — Freya—goddess of peace
Stonehenge and its Statue
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1.1.2 Celtic凯尔特 Britain (8th—5th Century BC)
英语国家概况 Guide to English-Speaking Countries
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Chapter 2 History
英 语 国 家 概 况
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Roman Christianity St. Augustine brings Christianity 基督教to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
Pope Gregory I
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1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD—5th Century)
How many invasions? First invasion—In August 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC
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1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th CentuБайду номын сангаасy—1066)
the Vikings 威金人 (from the Scandinavian countries: Norway, Denmark and Sweden) Alfred the Great, king of Wessex
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在泰晤士河畔，在钟声回荡的国会大厦西南侧，耸立着英 国最古老的建筑物——威斯敏斯特教堂。这里长眠着从享 利三世到乔治二世等20多位国王，憩息着牛顿、哈代、 狄更斯、达尔文、吉卜林这些享誉世界的巨人，还有二战 “不列颠之战”中牺牲的皇家空军将士。 威斯敏斯特教堂碑文(2009-03-03 19:18:45)标签： 杂谈 当我年轻的时候，我的想象漫无边际，我梦想改变这 个世界；当我成熟以后，我发现我不能改变这个世界，我 将目缩短了一些，决定只改变我的国家；当我进入暮年以 后，我发现我不能够改变我的国家，我最后的愿望仅仅是 改变我的家庭，然而，这似乎也不可能· · 现在，我已 ·· ·· 经躺在床上，就在生命将要完结的时候，我突然意识到: 如果一开始我就首先改变自己。然后，作为一个榜样，我 可能为国家做一些重要的事情就在我为国家服务的时候， 我或许能因为某些意想不到的行为，改变这个世界· · ·· ··
The name of Britain—Britons Tribal society Celtic Language (Irish Gaelic盖尔语, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh)
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A peace treaty: the eastern half of the
island was to be subject to the Danish law and come to be known as the Danelaw From 1016 to 1042, under the rule of Danish kings. In 1042, the English throne was returned to the Anglo-Saxons Alfred（阿尔弗雷德） the Great, also known as “Father of the British Navy”.
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1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons
1.1.1 Prehistoric Period (history undocumented)
Norman Cavalier
Duke William
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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1067, William started building the Tower of London, the great fortress which demonstrated his power and dominated the city of London.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.4 The Anglo-Saxon Invasion (5th—8th Century)
Germanic日耳曼人（或民族）的 people (the Jutes朱特人 from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany) English (language of the Angles) dominant language
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1.2.1 Great Charter (Magna Carta)
In 1154 Henry II ascended the throne Henry II reformed the courts and the laws: introduced the jury system (陪审团制度) institutionalized common law
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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1066, Edward chose Harold of Wessex to be King in his place. Duke William, often referred to as William the Conquer, challenged Harold’s succession, won the Battle of Hastings, and was crowned King.
Henry II
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9,000 years ago 3,000 BC
part of E-Continent Iberians (Stonehenge)
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1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons
Stonehenge巨石阵 It is the most famous prehistoric monument in Britain and is situated on Salisbury Plain in the county of Wiltshire. People began building Stonehenge about 5,000 years ago, dragging each stone into place.
Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain
Left—Germanic attack in Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.