2007年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译
Q129-考研英语阅读-2007 text2 全文翻译
2007年Text 2原文：For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.”People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228—the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.翻译：在过去几年中，《星期日报》增刊上出现了一个名为“玛丽琳问题”的特色专栏。
2007年考研英语真题答案及解析
2007年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章结构分析本文主要论述了西班牙和葡萄牙的前殖民地在独立以后面临的各种问题。
第一段指出独立运动领导人对于新国家理念的共同之处。
第二段指出领导人存在分歧的方面。
第三段是总结，指出平等主义在新国家的实现比较缓慢。
二、试题具体解析1.[A]natives本地人[B]inhabitants居民[C]peoples民族[D]individuals个人【答案】B【考点】词汇辨析【难度系数】0.422【解析】空的前句指出西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地成为了独立的国家。
空所在的语境为：大约200万这些国家的看到未来。
显然这里填的词应该表示这些国家的居民。
四个选项中B项最能准确表达此项含义，故答案为B。
2.[A]confusedly困惑地[B]cheerfully快乐地[C]worriedly焦虑地[D]hopefully有希望地【答案】D【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.569【解析】显然这里填的一个词是形容民众是如何看待未来的状况的。
文章首句已经说明这些前殖民地相继独立，对于刚脱离殖民统治的民众来说，这是应该一个令人欣喜的事件，因此，后文的论述也应与此一致。
D项最能反映这一情形，故答案为D。
3.[A]shared分享[B]forgot忘记[C]attained获得[D]rejected拒绝【答案】A【考点】词汇搭配【难度系数】0.418【解析】空所在的语意为：许多独立国家的领导者典型的政府理念，……，以及把个体的信仰作为社会的基础。
显然典型政府、职业、和自由贸易等都是对这一理念的具体说明，应该是这些领导人共同持有的。
能表现一个群体拥有共同想法的动词只有A，故答案为A。
4.[A]related与……有联系[B]close接近[C]open开放的[D]devoted专心致志于做……【答案】C【考点】词汇辨析【难度系数】0.273【解析】我们已经判断出文章对这些领导人行为描述都是正面的，那么职业对有才能的人开放应该符合这种态度，故答案为C。
2007年英语一真题翻译
2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题文章翻译Section I Use of English到1830 年,前西班牙和葡萄牙的殖民地变成了独立的国家。
大约2000万居民满怀信心地展望未来。
出生于旧的社会政体和伊比利亚殖民主义的危机之中，许多独立的国家领导人共享的信念包括成立民选政府、人尽其材、商业和贸易自由、拥有私有财产的权利，并且相信个人是社会的基础。
人们普遍认为新的国家应该是主权国家以及独立的国家，国家足够强大有经济实力能存活下去并且有一套共同的法律所控制。
然而，在宗教自由和教会地位的问题上，领导人之间的观点就不那么一致了。
罗马天主教一直是国教，并且是西班牙国王允许的唯一宗教。
大部分领导人要求维持天主教作为新国家的正式宗教，而另一些人却要设法结束其他信仰被排斥的局面。
保护教会成了保守势力的战斗口号。
早期的独立领导人的理想通常是平等主义，把一切事物看作是平等的。
玻利瓦尔曾接受过海地的援助并且作为回报承诺在他解放的地区废除农奴制。
到1854 年，除了西班牙残存的殖民地以外，农奴制已经被废除。
先前做出的结束印第安人进贡和停止向混合血统人征税的承诺变得越来越难以实施，因为这些国家仍然需要这些政策产生的财政收入。
因为害怕大多数人民还没准备好自治和民主，这些平等主义观点经常被缓和了。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1如果你查一下2006 年世界杯足球赛参赛队员的出生证明，你会发现一个令人注目的奇怪现象：杰出的足球队员大多出生于一年的前几个月而不是后几个月。
如果你再仔细观察一下为世界杯和著名职业球队培养队员的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一现象更加突出。
是什么原因导致了这种奇怪现象的发生呢？人们有如下猜测：a) 某些星座的人被赐予优秀的足球才能；b)冬天出生的孩子吸氧能力更强，踢足球的耐力好；c)热衷于足球的夫妇更可能在春季怀孕，因为此时是足球热的高潮；d)以上观点都不对。
2007考研英语真题英语一阅读部分
Text 1①If you were to examin e the birthcertif icate s of everysoccer player in 2006's WorldCup tournam en t, you wouldmost likely find a noteworthyquirk: elitesoccer player s are more likely to have been born in the earlie r months of the year than in the laterm onths. ②If you then examin ed the Europe an nation al y ou thteamsthat feed the WorldCup and profes sional ranks, you wouldfind this strang e phenom enonto be even more pronou n ced.①What might accoun t for this strang e phenom enon?②Here are a few guesse s: a) certai n astrol ogi cal signsconfer superi or soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capaci ty, whichi ncreases soccer stamin a; c) soccer-mad parent s are more likely to concei ve childr en in spring time, at the annu al peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.①Anders Ericss on, a 58-year-old psychologyprofes sor at Florid a StateUniversity, says he believ es strong ly in“none of the above.”②Ericss on grew up in Sweden, and studie d nuclear engineering untilh e reali z ed he wouldh ave more opportunity to conduct his own resear ch if he switch ed to psychol ogy.③His firstexperiment, nearly 30 yearsago, involv ed memory: traini ng a person to hear and then repeat a random seri es of numbers. ④“With the first subjec t, afterabout 20 hoursof traini ng, his digitspan had risenf rom 7 to 20,”Ericss on recall s. ⑤“He kept improv ing, and afterabout 200 hoursof traini ng he had risento over 80 number s.”①This succes s, couple d with laterresear ch showin g that memory itself is not geneti cally determ in ed, led Ericss on to conclu de that the act of memori zingis more of a cognitive exerci se than an intuitive one. ②In otherwords, whatev er inborn differ ences two people may exhibi t in theirabiliti es to memori ze, thosediffer ences are swampe d by how well each person“encode s”the inform ation.③And the best way to learnhow to encode inform ation meanin g full y, Ericss on determ ined, was a proces s knownas delibe ratepractice.④Delibe ratepracti ce entail s more than simply repeating a task. ⑤Rather, it involv es settin g specif ic goal s, obtain ing immedi ate feedba ck and concen trati ng as much on techni que as on outcom e.①Ericss on and his colleaguesh ave thus takento studyi ng expert performersin a wide rangeof pursuits, including soccer. ②They gather all the data they can, not just performance statis tics and biogra ph ical detail s but also the result s of theirown labora toryexperiments with high achiev ers. ③Theirwork makes a rather startl ing asserti on: the traitwe common ly call talent is highly overra ted. ④Or, put another way, expert perform ers—whethe r in memory or surgery, ballet or comput er progra mming—are nearly always made, not born.21.The birthd ay phenom enonf oundamongsoccer player s is mentio n ed to __________.[A] stress the import anceof profes sional traini ng[B] spotli ght the soccer supers tars of the WorldCup[C] introdu ce the topicof what makesexpert performance[D]explai n why some soccer teamsplay better than others22.The word“mania”(Line 4, Paragr aph 2) most probably means__________.[A] fun[B] craze[C] hysteri a[D] excite m ent23.According to Ericss on, good memory __________.[A] depend s on meanin gful proces singof inform ation[B] result s from intuitive rather than cognitive exerci ses[C] is determ inedby geneti c rather than psychol ogic al factor s[D] requir es immedi ate feedba ck and a high degree of concen trati on24.Ericss on and his colleaguesbeliev e that __________.[A] talent is a domina tingf actor for profes sional succes s[B] biogra phical data provid e the key to excell ent performance[C] the role of talent tendsto be overlo oked[D] high achiev ers owe theirsucces s mostly to nurtur e25.Whichof the following prover bs is closes t to the messag e the text triesto convey?[A]“Faithwill move mounta i ns.”[B]“One reapswhat one sows.”[C]“Practi ce makesperfec t.”[D]“Like father, like son.”Text 2①For the past severa l years, the Sunday newspa per supple m ent Parade has featur ed a column called “Ask Marily n.”②People are invite d to queryMarily n vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a men tal level of someon e about 23 yearsold; that gave her an IQ of 228—the highes t scoreever record ed. ③IQ testsask you to comple te verbal and visual analog i es, to envisi on paper afteri t has been folded and cut, and to deduce numeri cal sequen ces, amongother simila r tasks.④So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant f ields such querie s from the averag e Joe (whoseIQ is 100) as, What's the differ encebetwee n love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coinci dence? ⑤It's not obviou s how the capaci ty to visual ize object s and to figure out numeri cal pattern s suitsone to answer questi ons that have eluded some of the best poets and philos opher s.①Clearl y, intelligenc e encomp asses more than a scoreon a test. ②Just what does it mean to be sm art?③How much of intell igenc e can be specif ied, and how much can we learnabouti t from neurol ogy, genetics,comput er scienc e and otherfields?①The defini ng term of intelligenc e in humans still seemsto be the IQ score, even though IQ testsare not givenas oftenas they used to be. ②The test comesprimarily in two forms: the Stanfo rd-Binet I ntelligenc e Scaleand the Wechsl er Intell igenc e Scales (both come in adultand childr en's versio n). ③Generally costin g severa l hundre d dollar s, they are usuall y givenonly by psychologis ts, althou gh variati onsof them popula te bookst ores and the WorldWide Web. ④Superh igh scores like vos Savant's are no longer possible, becaus e scorin g is now basedon a statis tical popula tiondistri butio n amongage peers, rather than simply dividi ng the mental age by the chronol ogic al age and multip l ying by 100. ⑤Otherstandardize d tests, such as the Schola sticAssess m ent T est (SA T) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), captur e the main aspect s of IQ tests.①Such standardize d testsm ay not assess all the import ant elemen ts necess ary to succee d in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternb erg. ②In his articl e“How Intelligent Is Intell igenc e Testin g?”, Sternb erg notes th at traditi onal testsbest assess analytical an d verbal skills but fail to measur e creati vityand practical knowle dge, compon ents also critic al to proble m solvin g and life succes s. ③Moreov er, IQ testsdo not necess arily predic t so well once popula tions or situati onschange. ④Resear ch has foundthat IQ predicted leader shipskills when the testswere givenunderl ow-stress conditi ons, but underhigh-stress conditi o n s, IQ was negati velycorrel atedwith leadership—that is, it predic ted the opposi te. ⑤Anyone who has toiled throug h SA T will testif y that test-taking skill also matter s, whether it's knowin g when to guessor what questions to skip.26.Whichof the following may be requir ed in an intell igenc e test?[A] Answering philos ophic al questi ons.[B] Foldin g or cuttin g paperi nto differ ent shapes.[C] Tellin g the differ ences betwee n certai n concep ts.[D] Choosi ng wordsor graphs simila r to the givenones.27.What can be inferr ed aboutintelligenc e testin g from Paragr aph 3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indica tor of intell igenc e.[B] More versio n s of IQ testsare now availa ble on the Intern et.[C] The test conten ts and formats for adults and childr en may be differ ent.[D] Scientistsh ave define d the import ant elemen ts of humanintell igence.28.People nowada ys can no longer achiev e IQ scores as high as vos Savant's becaus e __________.[A] the scores are obtain ed throug h differ ent computation al proced u res[B] creati vityrather than analytical s kills is emphasizedn ow[C] vos Savant's case is an extrem e one that will not repeat[D] the defini ng charac teris tic of IQ testsh as change d29.We can conclu de from the last paragr aph that __________.[A] test scores may not be reliable indica torsof one's ability[B] IQ scores and SAT result s are highly correl ated[C] testin g involv es a lot of guessw ork[D] traditional testsare out of date30.What is the author's attitu de toward s IQ tests?[A] Suppor tive.[B] Skepti cal.[C] Impartial.[D] Biased.Text 3①During the past genera tion, the Americ an middle-classf amily that once couldcount on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transf ormed by econom ic risk and new realiti es. ②Now a pink slip, a bad diagno sis, or a disapp earin g spouse can reduce a family from solidl y middle classto newlypoor in a few months.①In just one genera tion, millio n s of mother s have gone to work, transf ormin g basicf amily econom ics.②Schola rs, policy maker s, and critic s of all stripe s have debate d the social implic ation s of thesechange s, but few have looked at the side effect:family risk has risenas well. ③Today's famili es have budget ed to the limits of theirn ew two-payche ck status. ④As a result, they have lost the parach u te they once had in timesof financi al setbac k—a back-up earner (usuall y Mom) who couldg o into the workfo rce if the primary earn er got laid off or fell sick. ⑤This“added-worker effect”couldsuppor t the safety net offere d by unempl o yment insura n ce or disabi lityinsura n ce to help famili es weathe r bad times.⑥But today, a disruptionto family fortun es can no longer be made up with extraincome from an otherw ise-stay-at-home partne r.①During the same period, famili es have been askedto absorb much more risk in thei rreti rem en tincome. ②Steelw orker s, airlin e employ ees, and now thosein the auto indust ry are joinin g millio n s of families who must worryaboutintere st rates, stockm arket fluctu ation, and the harshreality that they may outlive theirretire mentm oney.③For much of the past year, Presid ent Bush campai gnedto move Social Security to a saving s-accoun t model, with retire es tradin g much or all of theirguaran teedpaymen ts for paymen ts depending on investm ent return s. ④For younger famili es, the pictur e is not any better. ⑤Both the absolu te cost of health care and the shareof it borneby famili es have risen—and newlyf ashio n able health-saving s plansare spreading from legisl ative hallsto Wa-Mart worker s, with much higher deducti bles and a larg enew dose of investment risk for famili es' future health care.⑥Even demogr aphic s are workin g agains t the middle classf amily, as the odds of having a weak elderl y parent—and all the attend ant need for physic al and financial assist ance—h ave jumped eightf old in just one genera tion.①From the middle-classf amily perspe ctive, much of this, unders tanda bly, looksf ar less like an opportunity to exerci se more financial respon sibil ity, and a good deal more like a fright ening accele ratio n of the wholesale shift of financi al risk onto theiralread y overbu rdene d should ers. ②The financial fallou t has begun, and the politi cal fallou t may not be far behind.31.Today's double-income famili es are at greate r financial risk in that __________.[A] the safety net they used to enjoyh as disapp eared[B] theirchance s of beinglaid off have greatl y increa sed[C] they are more vulner ableto change s in family econom ics[D] they are depriv ed of unempl oymen t or disabi lityinsura n ce32.As a result of Presid ent Bush's reform, retire d people may have __________.[A] a higher senseof securi ty[B] less secure d paymen ts[C] less chance to invest[D] a guaran teedfuture33.According to the author, health-saving s planswill __________.[A] help reduce the cost of health care[B] popula rizeamongthe middle class[C] compen satef or the reduce d pensio n s[D] increase the famili es' investment risk34.It can be inferr ed from the last paragr aph that __________.[A] financial riskstend to outwei gh politi cal risks[B] the middle classm ay face greate r politi cal challe n ges[C] financial proble m s may bringabout politi cal proble m s[D] financial respon sibil ity is an indica tor of politi cal status35.Whichof the following is the best titlef or this text?[A] The Middle Classon the Alert[B] The Middle Classon the Cliff[C] The Middle Classin Confli ct[D] The Middle Classin RuinsText 4①It neverrainsbut it pours.②Just as bosses and boards have finall y sorted out theirworst accountingand compli ancetroubl es, and improv ed theirfeeble corpor ation govern ance, a new proble m threat e ns to earn them—especi allyin Americ a—the sort of nastyh eadli nes that inevit ablyl ead to headsrollin g in the executive suite: data insecu rity.③Left, untiln ow, to odd, low-level IT staffto put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industriessuch as bankin g, telecoms and air travel, inform ation protec tioni s now high on the boss's agenda in businesses of everyv ariety.①Severa l massiv e leakag es of custom er and employ ee data this year—from organi zatio n s as divers e as Time Warner, the Americ an defens e contra ctor Scienc e Applic ation s Intern ation al Corp and even the Universityof Califo rnia, Berkel ey—have left manage rs hurrie dly peerin g into theirintric ate IT system s and business processes in search of potenti al vulner abili ties.①“Data is becomi ng an assetwhichn eedsto be guarde d as much as any otherasset,”says Haim Mendel son of Stanfo rd Univer sity's busine ss school. ②“The ability to guardcustom er data is the key to market value, whichthe boardi s respon sible for on behalf of shareh older s.”③Indeed, just as thereis the concept of Generally Accept ed Accoun tingPrinci ples(GAAP), perhap s it is time for GASP, Generally Accept ed Securi ty Practi ces, sugges ted Eli Noam of New Y ork's Columbia Busine ss School. ④“Settin g the proper investmentl evelf or securi ty, redund ancy, and recovery is a managementi ssue, not a techni cal one,”he says.①The mystery is that this should come as a surpri se to any boss.②Surely it should be obviou s to the dimmes t executive that trust, that most valuable of econom ic assets, is easily destro y ed and hugely expensive to restor e—and that few things are more likely to destro y trust than a compan y lettin g sensitive person al data get into the wrongh ands.①The curren t stateof affair s may have been encour aged—though not justif i ed—by the lack of leg alpenalty (in Americ a, but not Europe) for data leakag e. ②Until Califo rniarecently passed a law, American firmsdid not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray.③That may change fast: lots of propos ed data-securi ty legisl ation is now doingthe rounds in Washin g ton,D.C.④Meanwh ile, the theftof inform ation aboutsome 40 millio n credit-card accoun ts in Americ a, disclo sed on June 17th, oversh adowed a hugely import ant decisi on a day earlie r by Americ a's Federa l TradeCommis sion(FTC) that puts corporate Americ a on notice that regula torswill act if firmsf ail to provid e adequa te data securi ty.36.The statem ent“It neverrainsbut it pours”is used to introdu ce __________.[A] the fierce busine ss competition[B] the feeble boss-boardrelati ons[C] the threat from news report s[D] the severi ty of data leakag e37.According to Paragr aph 2, some organi zatio n s checktheirsystem s to find out __________.[A] whethe r thereis any weak point[B] what sort of data has been stolen[C] who is respon sible for the leakag e[D] how the potential spiescan be locate d38.In bringi ng up the concep t of GASP the author is making the pointthat __________.[A] shareh older s' intere sts should be properly attend ed to[B] inform ation protec tionshould be givendue attention[C] busine ss should enhanc e theirl evel of accoun tingsecuri ty[D] the market valueof custom er data should be emphasized39.According to Paragr aph 4, what puzzle s the author is that some bosses fail to __________.[A] see the link between trust and data protec tion[B] percei ve the sensitivity of person al data[C] realiz e the high cost of data restor ation[D] appreci atethe econom ic valueof trust40.It can be inferr ed from Paragr aph 5 that __________.[A] data leakag e is more severe in Europe[B] FTC's decisi on is essential to data securi ty[C] Califo rniatakesthe lead in the securi ty legisl ation[D] legal penalty is a majorsoluti on to data leakag e。
2007年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析
2007年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析真题：Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（10 points）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. （46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. （47）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable comp onent of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.（48）But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. （49）In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. （50）While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.解析：1、Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institution as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. be viewed as 被视为institutions 大学，学院educated 受教育的legal learning 法律学习；学习法律the special preserve（of lawyers）律师的特权；律师的特有领域intellectual equipment 知识体系；知识储备【译文】长久以来，法律知识在这类大学里一直被视为律师们所专有的，而不是一个受教育者的知识素养的必要组成部分。
2007英语考研真题翻译
2007英语考研真题翻译2007年英语考研真题翻译In recent years, many stories about international adoptions have appeared in the media. These stories often portray international adoption as a positive and heartwarming experience, highlighting the joy of bringing a child from a different culture into a loving home. However, there is another side to this practice that is often overlooked - the challenges faced by both the adoptive parents and the adopted children.One of the main challenges in international adoption is the issue of cultural and racial identity. When a child is adopted from another country, they are often separated from their birth culture and heritage. This can result in a sense of loss and confusion for the child, as they struggle to find their place in their new environment. Similarly, the adoptive parents may also face difficulties in helping their child navigate their dual cultural identities.Language barriers can also pose a problem in international adoptions. Many adopted children do not speak the language of their adoptive country, and may have limited access to their birth language as well. This can impede their ability to communicate and integrate into their new community. Adoptive parents must be prepared to provide language support and resources to help their child develop fluency in both languages.Another challenge in international adoption is the potential for medical or psychological issues. Some adopted children may have experienced neglect or trauma in their birth countries, which can result in long-term health or emotional problems. It is important for adoptive parents to beaware of this possibility and to seek appropriate medical and psychological support for their child.Additionally, the process of international adoption itself can be complex and time-consuming. It often involves extensive paperwork, background checks, and legal procedures. Adoptive parents must be prepared for the financial and logistical challenges that come with navigating the adoption process, which can vary greatly depending on the countries involved.Despite these challenges, international adoption can also be a rewarding and life-changing experience for both the adoptive parents and the adopted children. It provides an opportunity for children to find a loving and stable home, and for parents to fulfill their dreams of parenthood. However, it is crucial for prospective adoptive parents to educate themselves about the potential challenges and responsibilities involved in international adoption.In conclusion, international adoption is a complex and multifaceted process that brings together children from different cultures and countries with adoptive parents. While it can be a positive and transformative experience, it is important to acknowledge and address the challenges faced by both the adoptive parents and the adopted children. By providing support, resources, and understanding, we can ensure that international adoption is a successful and enriching journey for all involved parties.请注意，以上正文已经按照给定的题目“2007英语考研真题翻译”进行撰写。
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析D2 to the future.1．［A］natives ［B］inhabitants ［C］peoples ［D］individuals2．［A］confusedly［B］cheerfully ［C］worriedly ［D］hopefully1. 语意辨析题本题目选择名词，在句子中充当主语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万…对未来…。
”选项A. natives 本地人；B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族；D. individuals个体。
不难发现，选项A. natives 本地人，“这些国家大概有2000万本地人…”，符合句子含义；选项B. inhabitant居民，“这些国家大概有2000万居民…”，符合句子含义；选项C. peoples 民族，“这些国家大概有2000万个民族”，显然有悖于常理，不符合句子含义；选项D. individuals 个体，“这些国家大概有2000万个体…”，不符合句子含义，个体一般用于区分于集体时使用。
选项A和B都可以在句子中做主语，确定该题目为语意辨析题。
前面相邻语句（或文章中心思想）叙述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。
”本句解释了这些居住在摆脱殖民地地位而独立的国家的人们对于未来的态度。
因此，正确答案为B。
2. 语意辨析题本题目选择副词，在句子中做状语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 million inhabitants of these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来…。
Q130-考研英语阅读-2007 text3 全文翻译
2007年Text 3原文：During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.翻译：在上一代人中，原本依靠努力工作和公平竞争就能保持经济状况稳定的美国中产阶级家庭因经济风险和新的现实状况而发生了变化。
现在，一张解雇通知书，一个恶性诊断结果，或者配偶的离去，都可以使一个稳固的中产阶级家庭在几个月内成为新的贫困户。
原文：In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today’s families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect”could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.翻译：仅仅大约一代人的时间里，数百万母亲出去工作，从而改变了基本的家庭经济结构。
2007年考研英语阅读译文
2007年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译
但为君故系列
3
样经常进行智商测试。 智商测试主要表现为两种形式： 斯坦福—比奈特智力衡量 表和威斯勒智力衡量表（两种都包含成人和儿童测试类型） 。由于这些测试一般 要花费几百美元，因此通常只有心理学家才进行这些测试，尽管这些测试的变种 存在于书店和环球网上。像沃斯 ?萨文特得到这样的超高分数也再不可能，因为 现在的分数依据的是相同年龄者的统计学群体分布状况， 而不是简单地通过实足 年龄乘以 100 来划分智能年龄。其他标准测试，比如学术能力检测以及研究生入 学考试，包含了智商测试的主要方面。 罗伯特?杰?斯顿伯格认为， 这样的标准测试不可能评估在学校和生活中取得 成功所需的所有重要因素。在其名为“智力测试如何明智？”的文章中，斯顿伯 格指出，传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析能力和语言表达能力，但没有测量创造 性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题和在生活中取得成功的关键因素。而且，一旦 种群或环境发生变化，智商测试就不一定预测得那么准确。研究发现，如果在低 压力状况下进行智商测试，那么这种测试就可以预测出领导才能，但是，在高压 力状况下，智商测试所得的结果与领导才能的关系是否定的，也就是说，它预测 的结果是相反的。任何经历过学术能力检测的人都会认为，应试能力也很重要， 无论是知道何时应该进行推测，还是知道应该忽略什么问题。 26. 下列的哪一项在智商测试中有所要求？ A 回答哲学问题 B 把纸折成或剪成不同的形状 C 区别一些概念之间不同 D 根据给定的词汇或者图像选择相似的词汇或图像。 27. 从第三段中，我们可以推断关于智商测试的哪一项情况？ A 人们不再用智商分数来作为智力的指标 B 更多版本的智商测试现在可以从互联网上得到 C 成人和儿童的测试内容和形式可能是不同的 D 科学家们已经定义了人类智力的重要因素 28. 现在的人们不再可能取得 vos Savant 那么高的智商分数是因为 A 现在使用不同的计算程序计分 B 现在更加强调创造力而不是分析能力 C vos Savant 的例子只是一个不会再出现的极端情况 D 智商测试的定义性特征发生了变化 29. 我们可以从最后一段总结出 A 测试分数可能无法可靠地证明一个人能力 B 智商分数与 SAT 的结果高度相关 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
Q131-考研英语阅读-2007 text4 全文翻译
2007年Text 4原文：It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them—especially in America—the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.翻译：不雨则以，一雨倾盆。
当老板和董事会终于解决了最糟糕的财务和规章问题并加强了公司管理力度之后，一个新的问题——数据安全问题——正威胁着他们，使他们出现在令人讨厌的(尤其是美国的)头版头条新闻中，这些报道可能最终引起领导层更迭。
信息保护过去一直是临时、低级信息技术员工的工作，并且只被诸如银行、电信、航空这类拥有大量数据的行业所关注，而现在却高高列在各行各业老板的日程表上。
原文：Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year—from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley—have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.翻译：今年发生的几起重大的客户和员工数据泄露事件发生在各种各样的机构里，包括时代华纳公司、美国国防项目承办(建)机构科学应用国际公司、甚至加州大学伯克立分校。
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题解析文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句；有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。
因此，在选择具体题目答案前，把握文章中心对于理解文章语句，把握逻辑关系，确定语意衔接提供了足够的信息依据。
文章首段主题句叙述到By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。
本文的中心思想为前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放以及面对的问题。
本文的中心思想为前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放以及面对的问题。
本文的中心思想为前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放以及面对的问题。
题目解析：By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked2 to the future.1．［A］natives ［B］inhabitants ［C］peoples ［D］individuals2．［A］confusedly［B］cheerfully ［C］worriedly ［D］hopefully1. 语意辨析题本题目选择名词，在句子中充当主语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万…对未来…。
”选项A. natives 本地人；B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族；D. individuals个体。
不难发现，选项A. natives 本地人，“这些国家大概有2000万本地人…”，符合句子含义；选项B. inhabitant居民，“这些国家大概有2000万居民…”，符合句子含义；选项C. peoples 民族，“这些国家大概有2000万个民族”，显然有悖于常理，不符合句子含义；选项D. individuals 个体，“这些国家大概有2000万个体…”，不符合句子含义，个体一般用于区分于集体时使用。
2007年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析
2007年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析真题：Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.（10 points）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. （46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. （47）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable comp onent of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.（48）But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. （49）In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. （50）While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.解析：1、Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institution as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. be viewed as 被视为institutions 大学，学院educated 受教育的legal learning 法律学习；学习法律the special preserve（of lawyers）律师的特权；律师的特有领域intellectual equipment 知识体系；知识储备【译文】长久以来，法律知识在这类大学里一直被视为律师们所专有的，而不是一个受教育者的知识素养的必要组成部分。
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析
2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题解析文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句；有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。
因此，在选择具体题目答案前，把握文章中心对于理解文章语句，把握逻辑关系，确定语意衔接提供了足够的信息依据。
文章首段主题句叙述到By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become题目解析：By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future.1．［A］natives ［B］inhabitants ［C］peoples ［D］individuals2．［A］confusedly［B］cheerfully ［C］worriedly ［D］hopefully1. 语意辨析题本题目选择名词，在句子中充当主语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万…对未来…。
”选项A. natives 本地人；B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族；D. individuals个体。
不难发现，选项A. natives 本地人，“这些国家大概有2000万本地人…”，符合句子含“这些国家大概有2000万居民…”，符合句子含义；选项C. peoples 义；选项B. inhabitant居民，民族，“这些国家大概有2000万个民族”，显然有悖于常理，不符合句子含义；选项 D. individuals个体，“这些国家大概有2000万个体…”，不符合句子含义，个体一般用于区分于集体时使用。
2007英语考研真题翻译
2007英语考研真题翻译2007年英语考研真题翻译2007年的英语考研真题是考生们备考过程中的一大挑战。
这份考题涉及到不同领域的内容，要求考生具备广泛的知识储备和翻译能力。
在这篇文章中，我们将对2007年英语考研真题进行分析和解读，帮助考生更好地理解和应对考试。
首先，让我们来看一下2007年英语考研真题的具体内容。
这道题目的原文如下："Over the past decade, the Internet has brought about drastic changes in theway people communicate and conduct business. But it has also given rise to a host of new security threats. As a result, a new industry has emerged that is dedicated to providing protection against these threats. This industry is knownas the cybersecurity industry.The cybersecurity industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years. With an increasing number of individuals and organizations relying on the Internet for their daily activities, the demand for cybersecurity services has skyrocketed. As a result, cybersecurity companies have sprung up all over the world, offering awide range of products and services to protect against cyber threats.One of the key challenges facing the cybersecurity industry is the constantly evolving nature of cyber threats. Hackers and cybercriminals are constantly finding new ways to exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks. This means that cybersecurity companies must constantly adapt and innovate in order to stay one step ahead of the hackers.In addition to the technical challenges, the cybersecurity industry also faces ashortage of skilled professionals. As the demand for cybersecurity services continues to grow, there is a need for more individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge to fill these roles. This has led to a surge in the number of cybersecurity training programs and courses being offered by universities and other educational institutions.Despite these challenges, the cybersecurity industry remains a vital and important part of the modern world. Without adequate cybersecurity measures in place, individuals and organizations are at risk of falling victim to cyber attacks and data breaches. The cybersecurity industry plays a crucial role in protecting sensitive information and ensuring the integrity and security of computer systems and networks.In conclusion, the cybersecurity industry has grown rapidly in recent years, driven by the increasing reliance on the Internet and the constant evolution of cyber threats. However, it also faces challenges such as the shortage of skilled professionals and the need for constant innovation. Nevertheless, the importance of the cybersecurity industry cannot be overstated, as it plays a crucial role in safeguarding individuals and organizations from cyber attacks."以上就是2007年英语考研真题的内容。
07年研究生考试英语阅读真题分篇 text-2
2007全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Text 2For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 – the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out n umerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’s version). Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SA T) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership – that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled through SA T will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?[A] Answering philosophical questions.[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.28.People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant’s because[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.[C] vos Savant’s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that[A] test scor es may not be reliable indicators of one’s ability.[B] IQ scores and SA T results are highly correlated.[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.[D] traditional test are out of date.30. What is the author’s attitude towards IQ tests?[A] Supportive.[B] Skeptical.[C] Impartial.[D] Biased.。
07年研究生考试英语阅读真题分篇 text-2
2007全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Text 2For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 – the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out n umerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’s version). Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SA T) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership – that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled through SA T will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?[A] Answering philosophical questions.[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.28.People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant’s because[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.[C] vos Savant’s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that[A] test scor es may not be reliable indicators of one’s ability.[B] IQ scores and SA T results are highly correlated.[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.[D] traditional test are out of date.30. What is the author’s attitude towards IQ tests?[A] Supportive.[B] Skeptical.[C] Impartial.[D] Biased.。
2007考研英语阅读理解真题解析第三篇“中产阶级”
2007考研英语阅读理解真题解析第三篇“中产阶级”2007 Text 3①During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties.Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.在过去的十几年里，美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平条件以维持其收入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。
如今，一份解雇通知书、一个不利的诊断结果或者配偶的去世都可能在几个月之内将一个家庭从稳定的中产阶层家庭降格成为一个新贫困家庭。
middle-class adj.中层社会的, 中产阶级的count on v.依靠, 指望spouse n.配偶(指夫或妻)1、During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.【译文】在过去的一代，美国的中产阶级家庭曾经依靠努力工作和平等公正以保持财政安全，但是却被经济风险和新的现实所改变。
考研英语2007阅读翻译
目录Section I Use of English (1)Section II Reading Comprehension 1 (3)Section II Reading Comprehension 2 (6)Section II Reading Comprehension 3 (9)Section II Reading Comprehension 4 (12)Section I Use of Englishparagraph 1到1830年为止，西班牙和葡萄牙的前殖民地都成为了独立的国家。
这些国家的大约2000万居民满怀信心地展望未来。
许多独立斗争的领导人出生于旧政权和伊比利亚殖民主义的危急时刻，他们怀有共同的治国理念：创建代议制政府、职业对人才开放、实行商业和贸易自由和私有财产权，并且相信个体是社会的基础。
当时普遍存在这样的信念：新国家应该是拥有主权的、独立的国家，应该足以在经济上养活国民，并且通过一套共同的法律使国家统一在一起。
paragraph 2然而，在宗教自由和教会地位的问题上，领导阶层之间的意见就不那么一致了。
罗马天主教过去是西班牙国教，并且是西班牙国王允许的唯一宗教。
虽然大多数领导人试图继续将天主教作为新国家的官方宗教，但是一些领导人却试图结束将其他信仰排斥在外的局面。
保护教会成为保守势力的战斗口号。
paragraph 3早期的独立领导人的理想通常是平等主义，重视一切平等。
玻利瓦尔曾从海地获得了援助，作为回报，他承诺在他解放的地区废除奴隶制。
到1854 年，除了西班牙残存的殖民地以外，其他地方的奴隶制都已经被废除。
先前做出的结束印第安人进贡和停止向混血人种征税的承诺实现起来就缓慢得多，因为新国家仍然需要这些政策产生的财政收入。
平等主义思想经常会被一些担忧所冲淡，这些担忧就是普通大众还没有为自治和民主做好准备。
paragraph 1By 1830,the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations.The roughly 20 million inhabitants of these nations looked hopefully to the future.Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism,many of the leaders of independence shared the ideas of representative government, careers open to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the right to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society.Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws.paragraph 2only one allowed by the Spanish crown. while most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism as the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the exclusion of other faiths.The defense of the Church became a rallying cry for the conservative forces.paragraph 3The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything.Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had promised in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated.By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s remaining colonies.Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much slower because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies produced.Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was unprepared for self-rule and democracy.Section II Reading Comprehension 1 paragraph 1如果你查一下2006年世界杯足球锦标赛所有参赛队员的出生证明，你很可能会发现一个值得注意的奇怪现象：出色的足球运动员往往在一年的前几个月出生。
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祸不单行。 就在老板和董事会用最终挑选出其最严重的清算帐目和顺从问题 以及改善其无效的公司管理之际，一个新的问题预示着让他们——特别是在美 国——赢得那种令人不愉快的头条新闻的危险，这些头条新闻不可避免地给这 些领导者带来管理方面的附属效应：信息的不安全性。迄今为止，信息保护工作 一直被留给临时的、低层次的信息技术人员承担，并且只被看成是信息资源丰富 产业所关切的一个方面， 比如银行业、电信业以及航空旅行业，如今，信息保护则成为各类商业老板 议事日程中需要优先考虑的问题。 今年， 好几次消费者和员工信息的重大泄密事件使得管理人员匆忙检查其 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
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C 测试中包括了很多猜题的工作 D 传统的测试已经过时 30. 作者对于智商测试的态度是怎样的？ A 支持的 B 质疑的 C 客观的 D 有偏见的
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在过去的十几年里， 美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平条件以维持其收 入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。如今，一份解雇通知书、一 个不利的诊断结果或者配偶的去世都可能在几个月之内将一个家庭从稳定的中 产阶层家庭降格成为一个新贫困家庭。 在仅仅一代人的时间里，数百万母亲出去工作，改变了基本的家庭经济状 况。学者、决策者以及各类批评人士对这些变化的社会意义争论不休，但是，很 少有人关注这些变化的副作用：家庭的风险增加了。如今的家庭根据其新的双收 入限度安排开支。 因此， 它们失去了它们在经济萧条时期曾经有过的缓解举措— —一个后备挣钱者（通常是妈妈） ，如果家庭的主要挣钱者失业了或者病倒了， 她可以出去工作。这种“额外工人效应”可以支撑失业保险或残疾保险提供的安 全网，以便帮助家庭渡过难关。但现在，家庭财产的损失再也不可能通过呆在家 里的其他伴侣的额外收入弥补了。 在同一时期，要求家庭在其退休收入中承担更多风险。钢铁厂的工人、航 空公司的职员以及汽车产业工人加入了数百万不得不担心利率、 股市波动以及可 能比其退休收入存在时间更长的严酷现实家庭。在去年的大部分时间里，布什总 统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式， 要求退休人员将其 大多数或所有保障报酬用来交换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。 对于更年轻的家庭来 说，前景不容乐观。卫生保健和家庭承担份额的绝对成本都上涨了——而且， 最近实施的健康储蓄计划正在从立法机关扩展到沃尔玛员工， 包含大量更高的减 免，并且给家庭未来的卫生保健带来许多新投资风险。甚至人口统计状况也对中 产阶层家庭不利，因为有一个体弱、年迈的父母——以及由此而产生的所有物 资和经济援助——就在仅仅一代人的时间里增长了 8 倍。 从中产阶层家庭的角度来看，大多数情况是可以理解的，这根本不像一种发 挥更多支付能力的机会， 而是像一种将经济风险大规模转向那些已经负担过重的 家庭的令人恐惧的加速行为。经济副作用已经开始，政治副作用可能也将开始。 31. 现在的双收入家庭面临很大的财务风险，因为__________. 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试ania” （第二段第四行）最有可能的意思是__________. A 嬉笑 B 狂热 C 歇斯底里 D 兴奋 23. 在 Ericsson 看来，好的记忆__________. A 取决于对信息的有意义的处理 B 取决于天生能力还不是认知练习 C 由基因而不是心理因素决定 D 要求即刻的反馈和注意力高度集中 24. Ericsson 和他的同事相信__________. A 天生的才能对于职业的成功是一项主要的因素 B 传记数据提供了优秀表现的关键因素 C 天生才能的角色通常被忽略 D 取得突出成就的人大多数由于后天塑造取得成功 25. 下面的那一句谚语与文章所传递的信息最接近？ A 精诚所至，金石为开 B 种瓜得瓜 C 熟能生巧 D 有其父必有其子
2007 年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译 真题译文+题目翻译
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如果你打算在 2006 年世界杯锦标赛上调查所有足球运动员的出生证明，那 么你很有可能发现一个引人注目的巧合： 优秀足球运动员更可能出生于每年的前 几个月而不是后几个月。 如果你接着调查世界杯和职业比赛的欧洲国家青年队的 话，那么你会发现这一奇怪的现象甚至更明显。 什么可以解释这一奇怪的现象呢？下面是一些猜测： a）某种占星术征 兆使人具备更高的足球技能；b）冬季出生的婴儿往往具有更高的供氧能力，这 增加了踢足球的持久力；c）热爱足球的父母更可能在春季（每年足球狂热的鼎 盛时期）怀孕；d）以上各项都不是。 58 岁的安德斯?埃里克森是佛罗里达州立大学的一名心理学教授，他说， 他坚信 “以上各项都不是” 这一猜测。 在瑞典长大的埃里克森， 一直研究核工程， 直到他认识到，如果他转向心理学领域，他将会有更多机会从事自己的研究。他 的首次试验是在大约 30 年以前进行的，与记忆相关：训练一个人先听一组任意 挑选的数字，然后复述这些数字。 “在经过大约 20 小时的训练之后，第一个试验 对象（复述）的数字跨度从 7 个上升到 20 个， ” 埃里克森回忆说。 “该试验对象 不断进步，在接受大约 200 个小时的训练后，他复述的数字已经达到 80 多个。 ” 这一成功，连同后来证明的记忆本身不是遗传决定的研究，使得埃里克森 得出结论，即记忆过程是一种认知练习，而不是一种本能练习。换句话说，无论 两个人在记忆力能力上可能存在怎样的天生差异， 这些差异都会被每个人如何恰 当地“解读”所记的信息所掩盖。埃里克森确信，了解如何有目的地解读信息的 最佳方法就是一个为人所知的有意练习过程。 有意练习需要的不仅仅是简单地重 复一个任务。相反，它包括确定明确的目标、获得即时的反馈以及技术与结果的 浓缩。 因此， 埃里克森和他的同事开始研究包括足球领域在内的广泛领域中专业执 行者。他们收集了能够收集的所有资料，不只是表现方面的统计数据和传记详细 资料，还包括他们自己对取得很高成就的人员进行的实验室实验结果。他们的研 究得出了一个非常令人惊奇的结论——我们通常称为天分的特征被高估了。或 者，换句话说，专业执行者――无论是在记忆还是手术方面，在芭蕾还是计算机编 程领域――几乎总是培养的，而不是天生的。 21. 文中提到足球运动员中的出生现象是用来__________. A 强调职业训练的重要性 B 聚焦世界杯上的足球巨星 C 引出什么决定了杰出表现这个话题 D 解释为什么一些足球队比其他足球队表现好 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
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在过去的几年， 《星期日报》的增刊《漫步》开设了一个名为“询问玛丽琳” 的专栏。人们被邀请去询问玛丽琳?沃斯?萨文特，玛丽琳?沃斯 ?萨文特在 10 岁 时测试的智力水平达到别人 23 岁时的水平，这使得她的智商高达 228――是有记 录的最高水平。智商测试要求你完成口头和视觉分析，要求你在纸张被折叠、剪 切后想象它的形状，要求你推论数字的顺序，还有其他类似的项目。所以，当沃 斯?萨文特面对普通人 （智商为 100） 提出的像 “热爱与喜爱之间的区别是什么？” 或者 “运气与巧合的特征是什么？” 这样的问题时， 她感到有点困惑。 设想物体、 判断数字模式的能力如何使一个人能够回答难倒了一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家 的问题，这可并不那么显而易见。 毫无疑问，智力包含的不仅仅是一次测试所得的分数。而聪明意味着什 么？可以明确显示智力有多少？我们能够从神经学、遗传学、计算机科学以及其 他领域了解的智力又有多少？ 人类有关智力的定义性术语似乎仍然是智商分数， 即使人们并不像以前那 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
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A 他们以前享受的安全网已经消失了 B 他们失业的几率大大增强了 C 他们面对家庭经济状况的改变更加脆弱 D 他们被剥夺了失业和残疾保险 32. 布什总统的改革导致了退休人员可能会有 A 更强的安全感 B 更少有保证的收入 C 更少投资的机会 D 一个有保障的未来 34. 根据本文作者，健康储蓄计划将会__________. A 帮助减少医疗保健的成本 B 在中产阶级中得到普及 C 补偿减少的退休金 D 增加家庭的投资风险 34. 从最后一段中我们可以推断 A 财务风险往往比政治风险重要 B 中产阶级可能面临更大的政治挑战 C 财务问题可能带来政治问题 D 财务责任代表了政治地位 35. 下面的那一项是这篇文章的最好标题？ A 中产阶级在警觉 B 中产阶级在悬崖上 C 中产阶级在冲突中 D 中产阶级在废墟中
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样经常进行智商测试。 智商测试主要表现为两种形式： 斯坦福—比奈特智力衡量 表和威斯勒智力衡量表（两种都包含成人和儿童测试类型） 。由于这些测试一般 要花费几百美元，因此通常只有心理学家才进行这些测试，尽管这些测试的变种 存在于书店和环球网上。像沃斯 ?萨文特得到这样的超高分数也再不可能，因为 现在的分数依据的是相同年龄者的统计学群体分布状况， 而不是简单地通过实足 年龄乘以 100 来划分智能年龄。其他标准测试，比如学术能力检测以及研究生入 学考试，包含了智商测试的主要方面。 罗伯特?杰?斯顿伯格认为， 这样的标准测试不可能评估在学校和生活中取得 成功所需的所有重要因素。在其名为“智力测试如何明智？”的文章中，斯顿伯 格指出，传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析能力和语言表达能力，但没有测量创造 性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题和在生活中取得成功的关键因素。而且，一旦 种群或环境发生变化，智商测试就不一定预测得那么准确。研究发现，如果在低 压力状况下进行智商测试，那么这种测试就可以预测出领导才能，但是，在高压 力状况下，智商测试所得的结果与领导才能的关系是否定的，也就是说，它预测 的结果是相反的。任何经历过学术能力检测的人都会认为，应试能力也很重要， 无论是知道何时应该进行推测，还是知道应该忽略什么问题。 26. 下列的哪一项在智商测试中有所要求？ A 回答哲学问题 B 把纸折成或剪成不同的形状 C 区别一些概念之间不同 D 根据给定的词汇或者图像选择相似的词汇或图像。 27. 从第三段中，我们可以推断关于智商测试的哪一项情况？ A 人们不再用智商分数来作为智力的指标 B 更多版本的智商测试现在可以从互联网上得到 C 成人和儿童的测试内容和形式可能是不同的 D 科学家们已经定义了人类智力的重要因素 28. 现在的人们不再可能取得 vos Savant 那么高的智商分数是因为 A 现在使用不同的计算程序计分 B 现在更加强调创造力而不是分析能力 C vos Savant 的例子只是一个不会再出现的极端情况 D 智商测试的定义性特征发生了变化 29. 我们可以从最后一段总结出 A 测试分数可能无法可靠地证明一个人能力 B 智商分数与 SAT 的结果高度相关 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故