英语国家概况——英国ppt课件
英语国家概况-课件
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
Topography
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous
The official title of the UK
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The UK is made up of:
❖ Great Britain (the formerly separate England and Scotland, and Wales. )
For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.
terrain in the north-west, north and south-west.
Scotland: Its geography is varied, with
lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west.
2. Climate
英语国家概况-课件
2. Climate
Main characteristics:
Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfall
Three major features:
❖ Winter fog ❖ Rainy days ❖ Instability/changeability
Map of the UK
Read the map to find:
▪Atlantic Ocean ▪North Sea ▪Irish Sea ▪The English Channel (The Channel Tunnel ) ▪The Republic of Ireland
Title and GMeaokgeraupphoyf the UK
terrain in the north-west, north and south-west.
Scotland: Its geography is varied, with
lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west.
Total territory: 242,910 square kilometers
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
Topography
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous
LOGO
Chapter One
Geography, People and Language
英语国家概况PPT【优质PPT】
Chapter One
Geography, People and Language
2021/10/10
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Contents
I
Geography
II
People
III
The English Language
2
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I Geography
❖ 1. Geographical Feature ❖ 2. Climate ❖ 3. Major Cities
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Map of the UK
Read the map to find:
▪Atlantic Ocean ▪North Sea ▪Irish Sea ▪The English Channel (The Channel Tunnel ) ▪The Republic of Ireland
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City Hall
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Landmarks & Symbols of Belfast
Belfast Castle
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II People
Overall population: over 60 millions Distribution:
❖ England: about 50 million ❖ Scotland:over 5 million ❖ Wales: around 3 million ❖ Northern Ireland: about 1.7million
For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.
英语国家概况之英国ppt课件
Wales
Cover less than ?% of the British island; The longest river of the island flow through it
---- ? It has been dominated by England LONGER
than other parts but still retains a strong sense of its difference from England
.
Northern Ireland
The smallest of the other four parts both in area and population;
It occupies the northern ?/? of the island of Ireland.
It has the largest lake of the Isles ---- ?
important river flows through it ---- ?; Highly urbanized ---- ? % of the
population living in cities.
.
Scotland
The second largest part both in area and population;
.
The Empire on which the sun never sets
.
Chapter 1 Geography, People and Language
.
Where is the U.K. in European continent ?
.
.
The U.K.
英语国家概况PPT
The Conquest of India
The British East India Company
The Scramble for Africa Aggression against China
the Opium Wars
Twentieth Century
The Great Depression
Britain and the Second World War Postwar Britain
WWII hastened the end of Britain’s empire.
In January 1973, Britain became a full member of the European Economic Community Mrs Thatcher (1979)
Foreign Trade and Geographical Expansion (Elizabeth I) The English Renaissance
Produced important literary figures, like Francis Bacon and William Shakespeare English Renaissance coincided with the Reformation.
The last foreign invasion
The Shaping of the Nation
Norman Rule (1066-1381)
Battle of Hastings Feudal system established Norman-French culture, language, manners, architecture
英语国家概况(英国部分)
Chapter 1 The Land and History英国全称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士及北爱尔兰构成，位于大西洋东部的不列颠群岛，是个岛屿国家，由大不列颠岛，爱尔兰岛北部和众多小岛组成。
面积约24.40万平方公里，人口超过6400万(2013年)。
英国属于温带海洋气候，常年温和多雨，气候多变。
受高纬度因素的影响，有类似极昼极夜的现象，冬季日短夜长，夏季日长夜短。
公元前3000年左右，伊比亚人最先到达大不列颠岛。
随后，比克利人、凯尔特人相继来到不列颠。
公元前1世纪到公元5世纪，罗马入侵。
罗马人撤离后，欧洲北部的盎格鲁撒克逊人和以丹麦人为主体的斯堪的纳维亚先后入侵。
到了1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉征服了英格兰，英国的封建制度正式形成。
1215年，国王约翰被迫签订了大宪章。
不久，议会制度形成，从此英国的王权被不断削弱和限制。
1688年，“光荣革命”爆发，确立了君主立宪制。
18世纪后期到19世纪前期，英国成为世界上第一个开始并完成工业革命的国家。
19世纪是英国发展的鼎盛时期，分别建立了第一大英帝国和第二大英帝国。
到二战前夕，英国统治了世界约1/4的土地。
第一次世界大战以及第二次世界大战的爆发，导致英国的政治、经济势力大为削弱，失去了霸权地位。
随着其殖民地的相继独立，20世纪60年代，大英帝国彻底瓦解。
I. General IntroductionMap of British Isles1. Location and the Four NationsThe full name of the UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is made up of four nations: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. It is located to the northwest of continental Europe, separated by the English Channel. Geographically, it is an island country, covering an area of about 244,019 km2, and consists of Great Britain and northeastern part of Ireland, together with many small islands of British Isles.Great Britain accounts for over 90% of the country’s tota l landmass. It is the largest island off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe with England, Scotland and Wales on it. Ireland is the second largest island of British Isles located to the northwest of Great Britain. It is divided into two parts: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland (an independent country).England is the largest part of the UK and occupies most of the southern two thirds of Great Britain. The total area of England is 130,410 km2 with a population of around 53.9 million (Mid-2013 estimated), which covers more than 84% of the total UK population. It is the most populous and highly urbanized part of the UK. London, the capital of the UK and England, as well as the seat of government, is located in its southeastern part.Scotland is the second largest and most mountainous part of the UK in the north of Great Britain. Compared with that of England, the population density is quite low. There are only 5.3 million people with an area of 78,789 km2. Edinburgh, its largest city, is the capital of Scotland. Scotland is famous for its beautiful natural scenery, such as Scottish Highlands1and Loch Ness2, as well as many historical places, like the Edinburgh Castles.Wales is on the western side of central southern Great Britain. The total area of Wales is 20,779 km2, which accounts for 1/4 parts of the UK. It is also a mountainous part of Great Britain, particularly in the north and central regions. The southeast region is the most built up region of Wales, and the majority of its population live there and a large proportion of its industry is based there. Its capital city, Cardiff, is also in this region.Northern Ireland lies in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering14,139 km2, which constitutes 1/6 of the island. It is the smallest part among the four nations of the UK, as well as the second sparsely populated part after Scotland. The capital is Belfast, the largest city in Northern Ireland both in population and in area. It is the center for government, economic, arts, higher education, business, law of Northern Ireland. Additionally, it is the birthplace of Titanic, and voted one of the world’s top destinations.2. ClimateThe overall climate in the UK is temperate maritime, which means that it is mild with temperatures neither much lower than 0℃in winter nor much higher 32℃in summer. Generally, the UK has warm summers and cool winters, with July and August as the warmest month, and January and February as the coldest. However, due to the influence of Gulf Stream3, the summers are cooler than those in continent while the winters are milder. Normally, the temperature in summer is around 20℃，with the high rarely going above 30℃. The average temperature in winter is around 0℃and seldom go below -10℃even in the most northern part of the country.Meanwhile, since Britain is an island country and surrounded by the sea, the climate is considerably changeable compared with other countries. Since the variable climate changing day to day, it is hard for people to predict what the weather will be like the next day. Additionally, the unique geographical position is also the reason for the dampness of the climate. The rainfall is fairly distributed throughout the year. Although it does not rain every day, it is always advisable for people to bring an umbrella or waterproof clothing every day.II. History1. The Founding of the NationThe recorded history of the UK begins with the Roman invasion in 55BC. In 55 and 54BC, Britain was twice invaded by Julius Caesar and his Roman troops. However, it was not until 43AD that the Roman led by Claudius I finally successfully invaded and Britain became part of the Roman Empire. The native Celtic were driven to the mountain regions of Scotland and Wales, which remained unconquered by the Romans.The Romans have great impact on many aspects of the British culture. The Roman civilization was introduced to the Britain during this period. For example, Roman style baths and temples were built, cities like London and towns were constructed, and the system of government was also introduced. With the decline of the Roman Empire, when the Germanic troops attacked Rome in 410 A.D., the Romans had to withdraw in order to protect their own nation, which led to the end of Roman occupation.After the leave of the Romans, three groups of Germanic tribes called the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons came to Britain from the European continent in the mid-4th century. They conquered different regions of Britain:1Scottish Highlands：苏格兰高地，是对苏格兰高地边界断层以西和以北的山地的称，被认为是欧洲风景最优美的地区。
英语国家概况ppt
On the way
• Result of the Norman Conquest: • It sped up the development of feudalism in England. William the
Conqueror adopted the following measures:
• They drove the Britons to the mountains, and those that did not flee remained as slaves to the new invaders.
• China---Nanbei, Sui, and Tang Dynasties.
On the way
• a. defend and promote the development of trade and industry.
• b. reformed the church and tolerated the enclosure.
• c. America was discovered and Renaissance (1450---1600) spread into England.
On the way
• The Wars of the Roses. (1455-1485)
• Two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, the Wars of Roses.
• The war got such a name because the Lancastrians wore the badge of the red rose and the Yorkists wore the badge of the white rose.
英语国家概况PPT
Cultural characteristics
Canadian culture is deeply influenced by countries such as England, France, and the United States, while also integrating indigenous culture, forming a unique and diverse culture. Canadians have a passion for art, and industries
Originally a settlement of Native Americans, France and Britain established colonies here after the 16th century. After the United States gained independence in 1776, Canada gained independence and gradually developed into a federal state.
such as music, drama, and film are relatively developed.
Economy
The UK has a mixed economy that combines elements of free market capitalization with government intervention The UK has a highly developed services sector, with financial services, business services, and tourism being particularly important
英语国家概况课件之英国
Traditions like the Royal Christmas Message, the FA Cup Final, and the Pancake Race are an integral part of British culture. These traditions have been passed down through generations and are a source of pride for the British people.
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Education system
Preschool education
Summary
Preschool education in the UK is available to all children from the age of 3 to 5 years old. It is not compulsory, but it is highly recommended.
Literature
The UK has a rich literary history, with writers such as Shakespeare, Austen, and Dickens. Their works explore themes of love, loss, and social commentary.
Brexit
Brexit has created uncertainty and division within the UK and its relationship with Europe. This has led to political instability, economic uncertainty, and social unrest.
英语国家概况之介绍英国PPT英文课件人文地理语言
Scotland
• The second largest part both in area and population; • The most important river in it is -- ? • Remained unified state independent of Britain for a VERY long time; ? • One of the most important industries is ----?
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英国介绍
A GUIDE TO ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES
• ENGLISH DEPARTMENT • WU SI YING
A GUIDE TO ENGLISHSPEAKING COUNTRIES
• ENGLISH DEPARTMENT • WU SI YING
Send me PPT through the Internet before this Friday 6 p.m.
Chapter 2 History
Words you should know:
• Arrogant: 傲慢的 • Bourgeoisie：资产阶级 • Capitalism：资本主义 • Catholic: 天主教 • Christianity: 基督教 • Colony: 殖民地 • Commonwealth: 英联邦 • Factions: 派系斗争，内讧 • Feudalism: 封建主义
Wales
• Cover less than ?% of the British island;
• The longest river of the island flow through it ---- ?
英国概况英文版PPT课件
2021/3/12
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❖ English is an official language of the United Nations and many other international organizations, including the International Olympic Committee. UNESCO, World Health Organization.
❖ Use international organizations
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general situation
❖ Approximately 375 million people speak English as their first language.
❖ combining native and non-native speakers it is the most commonly spoken language in the world
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origin
❖ Experts say the people in about five thousand years ago spoke a language called Proto-Indo-European.
❖ it is believed to be the ancestor of most European languages. These include the languages that became ancient Greek, ancient German and the ancient Latin
英语国家概况课件之英国ppt课件
living in cities.
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Scotland
The second largest part both in area and population;
England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland
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ENGLAND
Cover The LARGEST part of British island;
The most populous and wealthiest part; the second longest and the most
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The Legislature
Crown
Parliament
The House of Lords (Upper
House)
The House of Commons
(Lower House)
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Crown:
※ Theoretically, the King or Queen is the source of all government powers, the head of the legislative, executive and judicial branches, the commander-in-chief of all army forces and the “supreme governor" of the Church of England; giving their Royal Assent to any new law, meeting with the Prime Minister on a weekly basis, paying state visits to Commonwealth countries or non-Commonwealth countries on behalf of the government.
英语国家概况课件之英国PPT模板
Northern Ireland
• The smallest of the other four parts both in area and population; • It occupies the northern ?/? of the island of Ireland. • It has the largest lake of the Isles ---- ?
Climate
• TEMPERATE: warm summer (around 20℃), cool winters (around 0℃) and plentiful precipitation.
• 3 Features: 1. frequent fog in winter; 2. large number of rainy days; 3. changeability.
The Empire on which the sun never sets
Chapter 1 Geography, People and Language
Where is the U.K. in European continent ?
The U.K.
British Isles
• England • Scotland • Wales • Northern Ireland
Scotland
• The second largest part both in area and population; • The most important river in it is -- ? • Remained unified state independent of Britain for a VERY long time; ? • One of the most important industries is ----?
英语国家概况V.-British-EducationPPT优秀课件
History of Education
• Now all children throughout the country must study the following subjects:
• English, mathematics, science, religious education, history, geography, technology, music, art, physical education, and a modern foreign language.
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History of Education
• Through an exam called “the 11plus”, the government tried to raised the quality of education 1. Grammar Schools ----- where the most academically capable pupils were sent to be prepared for university. 2. Vocational Schools ----- where less successful pupils were sent to learn trades.
• an elite that "continues to dominate
Britain's political and cultural
establishment“ (occupies a high
proportion of the top level of many
aspects of British society---9% 0f the
2
英语国家概况Chapter 3【优质PPT】
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
2.1.2 Queen
Queen Elizabeth II
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
2.1.2 Queen
• from 705 to 666 (Mar. 1, 2004)
▪Final court of appeal—Supreme Court
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
2.1.4 The House of Commons
Countries
2.1.3 The House of Lords
❖The main legislative function of the House of Lords:
❖ Examine and revise bills from the House of Commons
The House of Lords meets in a lavishly decorated chamber in the Palace of Westminster
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
2.1.3 The House of Lords
❖The Lords Spiritual (上议院神职议员)
英语国家概况PPT课件
Theme importance
02
Overview of the UK
Geographic and Historical Background
Geographic location
The United Kingdom is located in the British Isles archipelago, off the northwest coast of Europe It compares the four nations of England, Scotland,
Established independently in 1776, it is a superpower in the world with a highly developed economy and strong military strength.
Political and economic systems
Immigrant countries have a multi-ethnic and multi-ethnic population structure.
Culturally influenced by various cultures such as Europe, Africa, and Latin America, it has formed a unique American culture.
03
Overview of the United States
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爱丁堡城堡
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苏格兰最大城市： Glasgow 格拉斯哥
Clyde 克莱德河
Lake Nice 尼斯湖
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England 英格兰地区
最大的地区：位于大不列颠岛东南部 13万平方公里 人口：4700万 城市人口占80% 经济和财富最集中的地区 主要城市：伦敦 London 、曼切斯特 Manchester、利物浦 Liverpool、
Britain and Northern Ireland)
Britain National Emblem
2
3
God Save the Queen
god save our gracious queen long live our noble queen god save the queen send her victorious happy and glorious long to reign over us god save the queen. thy choicest gifts in store on her be pleased to pour long may she reign may she defend our laws and give us ever cause to sing with heart and voice god save the queen
夏季有时出现薄雾，冬季则有浓雾。
三大特点：多雾、多雨、天气不稳定。
7
“雾都”伦敦（人为）
Rivers 河流
塞文河 River Severn ，最长河流，354公里，源自威尔士山地，注入 大西洋。
泰晤士河 The Thames River ，主要河流，338公里，源自英格兰西 南部，注入北海。
普利茅斯 Plymouth
大本钟 Big Ben
泰晤士河畔 威斯敏斯特宫
Tower Bridge
Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫
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Westminster Abbey 西敏寺
St.Paul's Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂
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伦敦眼 小黄瓜 The Gherkin
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Hyde Park 海德公园
能源产业在英经济中占有重要地位 。 2010年天然气产量为664百万兆瓦时，原油产量6300万吨，煤炭产量
1780万吨，总发电量达381万亿瓦时，2/3发电量来自煤和天然气。英 国现有10座核电站，其发电量在2010年占英国总发电量的16%，根据 现有计划，到2025年，英国40%的电力供应将来自核能。
英语国家社会与文化
英国(UK) 美国(United States) 加拿大(Canada) 澳大利亚(The Commonwealth of Australia ) 新西兰(New Zealand)
1
英国概况
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国 UK ( The United Kingdom of Great
人口 6235万，其中英格兰占83.9%，苏格兰占8.4%，威尔士占 4.8%，北爱尔兰占2.9%（2012年）。
官方语言 英语，威尔士北部还使用威尔士语，苏格兰西北高地及北爱 尔兰部分地区仍使用盖尔语。
首都 伦敦(London)，人口782万（2012年）。最热月份为7月，一般 气温在13－22℃；最冷月份为1月，一般气温在2－6℃。
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唐宁街（ Downing Street ）1０号（英国首相官邸17）
Wales 威尔士地区
位于大不列颠岛西南，东接英格兰，西濒爱尔兰海 2万多平方公里 人口：277.5 万 主要城市：Cardiff 加迪夫，首府 主要农牧区：羊业、乳牛、园艺业 主要工业：采煤和钢铁 其他工业：机械制造、航空、化学、炼油
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Scotland 苏格兰地区
位于大不列颠岛北部 78000 平方公里 人口: 510万 主要城市：
格拉斯哥 Glasgow ，第一大城市，工业重镇； 爱丁堡 Edinburgh ， 第二大城市，为苏格拉自治政府所在地 湖泊区 ： 尼斯湖 Lake Nice 苏格兰风笛 苏格兰风情小镇
地区。 ➢ 最高的山：本尼斯山。位于苏格兰高地。
气• 候
海洋性温带阔叶林气候。通常最高气温不超过32℃，最低气温不低于 -10℃。
北部和西部的年降水量超过1100毫米，其中山区超过2000毫米，中 部低地为700-850毫米，东部、东南部只有550毫米。每年2-3月最为 干燥，10月至翌年1月最为湿润。
国家元首 女王伊丽莎白二世(Queen Elizabeth II)，1924年4月21日 出生，1952年2月6日即位，1953年6月2日加冕。
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地形
• 两种地形：高地 低地 ➢ 低地: 中部地区, 南部地区 ，英格兰东部, ➢ 高地: 北部、西部 the Pennines 奔宁山脉, the Lake District, 苏格兰、威尔士
森林
中世纪早期，本有茂密树林，工业发展与战争，森林严重破坏。 现森林总面积约为308万公顷，占本土面积12.6％ 。 英国森林资源仅能满足全国对木材及木材制品需求的10%， 以来进口
木材，政府鼓励植树造林，减少进口依赖。
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自然资源
欧盟中能源资源最丰富的国家 ，主要有煤、石油、天然气、区 Lake District 英格兰西北部著名风景区，有15个湖泊。久负盛 名的最大湖泊温德米尔湖，面积约16平方公里。（著名诗人华兹华斯 安葬于此湖区。）
洛蒙德湖 苏格兰地区最大湖泊，长39公里，宽1.6-8公里，呈狭长三 角形，著名旅游胜地。
内伊湖 北爱尔兰中部最大湖泊，面积396.3平方公里。
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英国地理
岛国，位于欧洲西部， 由大不列颠岛（包括 英格兰、苏格兰、威 尔士）、爱尔兰岛东 北部和一些小岛组成。 隔北海、多佛尔海峡、 英吉利海峡与欧洲大 陆相望。
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基本概览
面积 24.41万平方公里（包括内陆水域）。英格兰地区13.04万平方 公里,苏格兰7.88万平方公里,威尔士2.08万平方公里,北爱尔兰1.41万 平方公里。