《专业英语》课程作业

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专业英语作业—15

Reading Material 15阅读材料15Chemical Industry and Environmental Protection化学工业与环境保护How can we reduce the amount of waste that is produced? And how we close the loop by redirecting spent materials and products into programs of recycling? All of these questions must be answered through careful research in the coming years as we strive to keep civilization in balance with nature.我们怎么样才能够减少化学工业产生的污染物的排放，怎么才能够使材料的产品更好地循环利用，为了自然生态的平衡，所有这些问题都是下来我们必须通过认真的研究和探索来解决的问题。

1. Life Cycle Analysis1.生命循环的分析Every stage of a product’s life cycle has an environmental impact, starting extraction of raw materials, continuing through processing, manufacturing, and transportation, and concluding with consumption and disposal or recovery. Technology and chemical science are challenged at every stage. Redesigning products and processes to minimize environmental impact requires a new philosophy of production and a different level of understanding of chemical transformations. Environment friendly products require novel materials that are reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable; properties of the materials are determined by the chemical composition and structure. To minimize waste and polluting by-products, new kinds of chemical process schemes will have to be developed. Improved chemical separation techniques are needed to enhance efficiency and remove residual pollutants, which in turn will require new chemical treatment methods in order to render them harmless. Pollutants such as radioactive elements and toxic heavy metals that cannot be readily converted into harmless materials will need to be immobilized in inert materials so that can be safely stored. Finally, the leftover pollution of an earlier, less environmentally aware era demands improved chemical and biological remediation techniques.每一个时代的产品的循环利用对环境都有着重大的影响，力争选用天然的材料，继续通过加工，制造，运输，总结与消费和处置或回收。

专业外语习题册.docx

专业外语习题册（何乐芹编写）•词汇练习•长句翻译•课外知识河北工程大学理学院应用化学系2011.9一、词汇练习L The computer system ___ suddenly while he was searching for information on the InternetA> broke down B. broke out C. broke up D> broke in2. It was very late last nighty and to make it worse, our car had a _ on the rode.A. breakdown B ・ breakup C. breakthrough D> break-in3. The book tells us what we should do ____ s uch terrible things as robbery, fire, etc.A. in chargeB. in case ofC. in front ofD. in touch with4. You may refer to your dictionary _ difficulty.A ・ in the case of B. in case of C. in any case D ・ in no case5.1 always take something to read when I go to the doctort _ I have to waitA. in case B> so that C. in order D< as if6- Pm afraid Mr. Wood can% see you until 4 o ，clock ・ ■一oh ，_ I won't wait7. It was difficult to guess what her _ to the news would be.A> impression B> reaction C. comment D. opinion8. She became a _ customer of the bookshop.IL Mr wang was determined to remain _he never stood on his wifeys side nor on his mother's side.A. natural B- neutral C. nervous 12. Using the right hand to shake hands is a_A. conversationB. conventionC. conservation 13、 What are produced when HC1 covalent bond breaks? ______A. neutral atoms B> molecule C. ions 14> The conjugate base of HS" is _______A. H 2SB. S 2'C. NH 4HS 15> Which of the following statements about base is not true? __________A. taste bitterB. feel slippery of soapyC. react with oils and grease D ・ cause litmus to change color from blue to red16、Solutions with pH values above 7 are defined as _________A ・ neutral B. acidic C. basic D ・ solute11. Ifs the duty of the police to ____ the public order. A. prevent present C. preserve D- prepare18. Children ，who are over-protected by their parents, may become ___ •A. hurtB. damagedC. spoiledD. harmed 19. Which is right?_A. Litmus is a dye which has a red color in basic solution A. no doubtB. after allC. in that caseD. in this wayA ・ continuous Be constant C. content D.consent 9- We may _ a square as a rectangle with four equal sides.A. describe B ・ determine C. deviseD- define 10. There is too much noise outside ，I can% A. fill connect my attention on my book.C. flat D> concentrate D> nativeDe conviction D> electronsD. SO 2Litmus is a dye which has a red color blue in acid solutionC・ Litmus can enable us to determine whether a given solution is acidor basic are called indicators D. Litmus also called methyl orange20- White teeth are a sharp ___ to black skin.A. containB. contract C- content D- contrast二、翻译练习1.The balanced equation indicates that one mole of sodium hydroxide will combined with one mole of hydrochloric acid to produce one mole of sodium chloride and one mole of water. The only variable is the concentration of the two solutions.2.Acid-base indicators (are also called pH indicators) are substance which change color with pH. They are usually weak acid or bases.3. i与碱发生反应，两者各自失去原有的特性，生成盐和水。

专业英语作业Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry

Lesson 6N omenclature of Inorganic Chemistry（无机命名法则）The IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry is a systematic method of naming inorganic chemical compounds, as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Ideally, every inorganic compound should have a name from which an unambiguous formula can be determined.译文：无机化学国际纯粹与应用化学联合会命名法是国际纯粹与应用化学联合会（IUPAC）推荐的系统命名无机化合物。

理想上，每一个无机化合物都应该有一个从中可确定的名称的明确的法则。

The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical. The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" just names it. These advantages make the systematic name far superior to the common name when absolute clarity and precision are required. However, for the sake of brevity, even professional chemists will use the non-systematic name almost all of the time, because caffeine is a well-known common chemical with a unique structure. Similarly, H2O is most often simply called water in English, though other chemical names do exist.译文：名称“咖啡因”和“3,7 -二氢- 1 ,3,7 -三甲基氢嘌呤- 2 ,6 -二酮”描述着同样的化学物质。

专业英语作业4.doc

MetalsMan fist began using metals at least 5000 years ago. He found that they could be hammered into tools and weapons that remained sharp. From small beginnings the use of metals has brown to such an extent that civilization as we know it today could not exist with them.Metals make up a large part of the earth's outer layer, or crust. But only a few of them appear in the metal form we are familiar with. Most metals, such as iron and tin, are found combined with other chemical elements. Most of these compounds do not look anything like metals. They are often lumps of rocks. But many of them can be treated to produce metals. These are called ores.Not many metals are used widely in their pure state. Other metals are usually added to them to form mixtures called alloys. Sometimes chemical elements other than metals are included in alloys. The most important is carbon. In engineering, metals and alloys are usually called metals. Metals are divided into tow groups, the ferrous, which contain a large percentage of iron, and the nonferrous, which contain no iron.Steel, our most useful metals is alloy of iron and carbon. Because of its strength, steel is used in large buildings and bridges. It is also used to make motor cars, railways and ships. Most of the machinery that makes practically everything we use is made of iron or steel.Many other metals are important to us, too. The spoons, knives and forks we eat with are made of stainless steel. We cook in aluminum boilers. Copper cables carry electricity to factories and families. The coins we carry in our pockets contain copper, nickel, and zinc. The list of the uses of metals is endless.Pure iron is quite a weak metal, and it is not very hard, either. But add a little carbon as well as traces of certain other metals, and it becomes both strong and hard. According to what is added, the iron can be given other desirable properties as well. Adding other substances to a metal to change its properties is called alloying, and the product an alloy.Most of the alloys of iron are better known to us as steels. Many other metals form useful alloys, too. Brass and bronze are common alloys of copper. Solder is a well-known lead alloy. Aluminum and zinc alloys are also in widespread use. However, it is the iron alloys that are by far the most important.The pig iron that is made in the blast furnace can be considered one kind of iron alloy, but it is a very crude one. It contains far too many impurities and other materials as well as being uneven in composition. By only slight refining , it can be made into cast iron. Cast iron is an ideal material formaking engine blocks and machine frames. It is strong, hard, rigid, and absorbs shock well. Its main disadvantage is that it is brittle.Wrought iron is a more refined form of pig iron which is quite pure iron (0.1 〜0.2 per cent carbon) with threads of slag running through it. Wrought iron is made by heating the pig iron with iron oxide in a “puddling" furnace. The oxygen in the oxide combines with the impurities, which either boil away as gas or form a slag. But the temperature of the furnace is not high enough to make the metal melt. That is why it contains threads of slag. Wrought iron is seldom used directly in industry.Refining pig iron in the various steelmaking furnaces reduces the carbon content and removes other unwanted substance. The steel-maker stops the refining process when the metal has reached the carbon content he wants. Then he adds controlled amounts of other elements to bring the steel to the desired composition.There are two principal kinds of steels, carbon steels and alloy steels. The properties of carbon steels depend mainly on the amount of carbon present. Mild steel (up to 0.25 per cent carbon) is the ordinary kind of steel that is used for girders, automobile bodies, bicycle frames, and so on. Medium-carbon steel (0.25〜0.45 per cent) is stronger than mild steel and is used for bridge members, nuts and bolts, and tools of many kinds. High-carbon steel (0.45〜1.5 per cent) is hard and tough, and is used for cutting tools, drill bits, saws, and so on.The properties of alloy steels depend not on the carbon they contain, but on other alloying elements. One of the most familiar alloys is stainless steel. As we all know, ordinary steel corrodes, or rusts if it is left out in the rain, is stained by fruit juices, and so on. But adding chromium and nickel to steel makes it resist corrosion and stains. Both chromium and nickel resist corrosion well, and they tend to impart that property to their alloys. One of the most common kinds of stainless steels contains about 18 percent chromium and 8 percent nickel.Exercises1.Mark the following sentences with T(true) of F(false) according to the article.(1)The civilization could exist without metals.(2)Many metals appear in the metal form we are familiar with.(3)Only a few of metal are used in their pure state.(4)Metal mixtures are called alloys.(5)Carbon is the most important element to form alloy.(6)Solder is a well-known iron alloy.(7)The pig iron is a kind of iron alloy.(8)Iron alloys are the most important alloys in engineering.(9)Most engine blocks and machine frames are made of cast iron.(10)Wrought iron can be used directly in industry.(11)The properties of alloy steels depend mainly on the amount of carbon present.(12)Carbon steels and alloy steels are two main kinds of steels.(13)Cutting tools and drill bits are made of medium-carbon steel.2.Answer the following questions according to the article・(1)When did man first begin using metals?(2)How many groups of metals? What are they?(3)What kind of metal is most useful in engineering?(4)Is steel an alloy? What is it made from?(5)Please list the usages of iron and steel in daily life.3.Translate the following sentences into Chines・(1)In the old days, man found that metals could be hammered into tools and weapons that remainedsharp.(2)Most metals, such as iron and tin, are found combined with other chemical elements.(3)Other metals are usually added to pure metals to form mixtures called alloys.(4)Metals are divided into two groups, the ferrous, which contain a large percentage of iron, and thenonferrous, which contain no iron.(5)Most of the machinery that makes practically everything we use is made of iron or steel.4.Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below and change the forms wherenecessary.Corrosion, contain, element, stain, property, corrode, depend, leave, alloy, add The properties of alloy steels (1) not on the carbon they contain, but on other alloying (2) . One of the most familiar (3) is stainless steel. As we all know, ordinary steel(4) , or rusts if it (5) out in the rain, (6) by fruit juices, and so on but (7)chromium and nickel to steel makes it resist (8) and stains. Both chromium and nickel resist corrosion well, and they tend to impart (9) to their alloys. One of the most common kinds of stainlesssteels (10) about 18 percent chromium and 8 per cent nickel.。

专业英语作业2

1.The reactions of biotechnological processes can be catabolic，inwhich complex compounds are broken down to simpler ones(glucose to ethano1)，or anabo1ic or biosynthetic，whereby simple mo1ecules are built up into more complex ones(antibiotic synthesis生物工程加工中的反应可以是分解代谢，在分解代谢中，复杂的物质可以分解成简单的物质（如葡萄糖分解成乙醇）；也可以是合成代谢，也就是生物合成，依靠合成代谢简单的分子被组建成复杂的分子（如抗生素合成）。

2.by prior sterilization of the medium and the bioreactor andwith engineering provision for the exclusion of incomingcontaminants only the chosen biocatalyst was present in the reactor．通过对培养基和生物反应器的提前灭菌消毒以及用来消除新进入的污染物的工程供应，生物反应中就只留有所选的生物催化剂3.The manner in which acetate units are converted to C4 compounds is knownas the glyoxytate by—pass for which two enzymes additional to those of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are needed：isocitrate lyase and malate synthase.通过已知的乙醛酸途径，乙酰转化为C4化合物，这个过程需要用到在三羧酸循环循环中作用的酶：异柠檬酸裂解酶与苹果酸合成酶。

英语专业作业

UNIT NINE 911 SHOCK T HE WORLD（911震惊世界）Lesson 1 Another Pearl Harbor (又一珍珠港事件)I. Learn the following ten expressions and fill them in the sentences while listening.A. biography [♌♋♓♈❒☜♐♓] n.. 传记B. rubble [ ❒✈♌●] n. 碎石, 乱石C. fatality [♐☜♦✌●♓♦♓] n.不幸, 灾祸D. aftermath [ ♐♦☜❍✌] n.结果, 后果E. casualt ies[ ✌✞◆☜●♦♓] n.人员伤亡F. debris [ ♎♏♌❒♓ ♎♏♓♌] n碎片, 残骸H. caution s [ ☞☜⏹] vt.警告J. preliminary [☐❒♓●♓❍♓⏹☜❒♓] a.预备的, 初步的1. He came to Washington's George Washington University hospital to __________ blood.2. And hospital officials thanked the __________historian and told him the donation would not be needed at this time.3. Mr. McCullough also __________ against reacting with blame against the law enforcement and intelligence community.4. His latest book is a __________ of founding father John Adams.5. Pentagon officials say their __________ count of the number of people killed in Tuesday's terrorist attack on the defense department is 190.6. That estimate comes as recovery teams continue to remove bodies from the __________.7. Both the army and navy suffered dozens of __________ while the air force and marine corps report no deaths among their personnel.8. The highest-ranking __________ is understood to be a three-star army general.9. Recovery crews are still in the process of removing bodies from the __________.10. Meanwhile, authorities have reopened a portion of the Pentagon closed in the __________ of the terrorist attack.II. Listen to PASSAGE ONE and choose the best answer to each question.1-1. Historian Compares Terror Attacks to Pearl Harbor1. To whom the historian’s viewp oint on the attacks provides?A. John Adams.B. Two victims.C. David McCullough.D. Greg Flakus2. Where were two victims being treated?A. In Pentagon.B. Outside the hospitalC. In George Washington University Hospital.D. In Washington University.3. What tragedy did Mr. McCullough compare to Pearl Harbor Attack?A. Hawaii tragedy in 1941.B. The bombing of the federal building in 1995.C. The atom bombing in Japan in 1945.D. The Tuesday’s attacks.4. What did the 69-year-old man emphasize?A. Taking a reaction to these acts of terrorism.B. Avoiding a reaction to these acts of terrorism.C. Changing the very nature of the democratic system.D. Writing a biography of John Adams.5. What is not true to David McCullough?A. He is a historian.B. He is a Pulitzer Prize winning author.C. He donated blood needed at this time.D. He has written a book about John Adams.III. Listen to PASSAGE TWO and tick T or F for each statement.1-2. Preliminary Number of People Killed at Pentagon Stands at 1901. 126 people died. They were military and civilian Pentagon staff.2. 64 people died aboard the hijacked plane.3. The process of removing bodies was suspended because of receiving a bomb threat.4. The bomb was located at the gate of the building.5. After two hours the work crews were allowed back home.IV. Listen to PASSAGE THREE and fill in the blanks.1-3. Eyewitnesses Describe Pentagon AttackThe crash of a passenger jet into the Pentagon was witnessed by many people in a nearby U.S. military building.Workers in the Naval Annex building, which (1) __________from the Pentagon, (2) __________ by the roar of the jet's engines as it (3) __________ on its approach to the Pentagon. One man says the aircraft was flying so low that it (4) __________ on a nearby highway.After roaring past the Naval Annex, the aircraft(5) __________ the south side of the Pentagon, erupting into a massive fireball and (6) __________ into the sky. One eyewitness says the plane's impact (7) __________ in the Pentagon very close to the building's heliport control tower.Several eyewitnesses say the plane (8) __________ of the Pentagon that was recently renovated. None of the eyewitnesses could tell VOA how many people (9) __________ in that section of the building Tuesday.In the aftermath of the attack, the scene (10) __________ as controlled chaos, with police, fire trucks and ambulances streaming towards the Pentagon, while thousands of civilians and non-essential military personnel (11) __________ the other way.Authorities have (12) __________ a tight security cordon on the roads approaching the south side of the Pentagon and at least one F-16 fighter jet (13) __________ around the area for nearly an hour.V. Homework:1-4. Terrorists Attack US Military Symbol1. Learn the ten expressions chosen from PASSAGE FOUR.(1) complex [ ❍☐●♏♦] n. 联合体(2) headquarter [ ♒♏♎♦♦☜] n.司令部, 指挥部, 总部(3) tarnish [ ♦⏹♓☞] v. 失去光泽(4) civilian [♦♓♓●☜⏹] adj. 民间的, 民用的(5) evacuate [♓✌◆♏♓♦] v.疏散, 撤出; 排泄(6) alert [☜●☜♦] n.警惕, 警报(7) eyewitness [ ♋✋♦✋♦⏹✋♦] n.目击者, 见证人(8) billow [ ♌♓●☜◆] v. 翻腾，翻滚(9) airborne [ ☪☜♌⏹] adj.空降的，空运的(10) virtually [ ♦☺☜●✋] adv.事实上, 实质上2. Listen to PASSAGE FOUR and answer the following questions.(1) What could the Pentagon symbolize?(2) How many military and civilian workers at Pentagon were safe?(3) What plane was it that struck the Pentagon?.(4) When would the building reopen?.(5) What place does the Pentagon locate close to?。

专业英语作业

Translate the following two paragraphs into Chinese1.Molecular recognition plays an important role in biological systems, involvingspecific intermolecular interactions through noncovalent binding including H-bonding, π-π interactions and van der Waals forces. The implementation of establishing permanent porosity renders hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks a good platform to understand similar recognition processes.2.Water pollution is a global problem threatening the entire biosphere andaffecting the life of many millions of people around the world. Not only is water pollution one of the foremost global risk factors for illness, diseases and death, but it also contributes to the continuous reduction of the available drinkable water worldwide. Delivering valuable solutions, which are easy to implement and affordable, often remains a challenge. Here we review the current state-of-the-art of available technologies for water purification and discuss their field of application for heavy metal ion removal, as heavy metal ions are the most harmful and widespread contaminants.3.The solvothermal reaction of zinc acetate dihydrate with1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid yields a three-dimensional porous metal–organic framework constructed from triangular and distorted octahedral building blocks, the framework of which can be described as a decorated rutile net.。

专业英语作业1

《专业英语》作业global corporation全球公司economic boom 经济繁荣Ownership 所有权joint-venture合资企业headquarters 总部Competitive Advantage 竞争优势Entrepreneur企业家equity股权Insurance costs 保险费用bargaining power 议价能力overhead开销Insurance Company 保险公司stock options股票期权consumer appliance 家电消费Insurance contract 保险合同performance-based pay 基础薪酬policy-holder 投保人Commission 佣金personal effects 个人财物natural calamities 自然灾害Decision 决策insurance amount 保险金额insurance coverage 保险保障Venture Capital 风险资本marine coverage 海险salvage charge 救助费用Food chain 食物链general average 共同海损mass production 大规模生产containerization 集装箱distributor 经销商Chain stores 连锁商店phone interview 电话面试vending machine 自动售货机Selling point 卖点billboard 广告牌cinema commercials 影院广告Promotions 促销leaflet 传单poster 海报Search engine 搜索引擎stock prices股票价格Financial crisis 金融危机intellectual capital 智力资本national asset 国家资产Business Model 商业模式Electronic commerce 电子商务Globalization 全球化1、The multinational is big and rich. It often operates in industries which are difficult to enter and of vital national importance, e.g. the computer, chemical and automobile industries. Most important of all, the main objective of the multinational is to organize its activities around the world so as to maximize global profits and global market shares. Each subsidiary is part of an international network of affiliates. These all interact with each other. Each part serves the whole. The center controlling the network—the multinationals’ headquarters—is not under the control of the host government. It is frequently thousands of miles away from these subsidiaries.跨国公司不仅大而且富有。

专业英语-作业

自动控制系统
控制量末端元件输出响应
Task 5
1.Tanslate the following paragraph into Chinese. • There are several possible ways to classify relays: by functions, by construction, by application. Relays are one of two basic types of construction: electro magnetic or solid state. The electro magnetic type relies on the development of electro magnetic forces on movable members, which provide switching action by physically opening or closing sets of contacts. The solid state variety provides switching action with no physical motion by changing the state of serially connected solid state component from non-conducting to conducting. Electro magnetic relays are older and more widely used; solid state relays are more versatile, potentially more reliable, and fast.
2.Tanslate the following terms into English.

专业英语作业Unit 30

Unit 30Lean production,Agile Manufacturing and Mass CustomizationProductionLean productionLean production, a new approach to production,emerged in the 1990s. It incorporates a number of the recent trends, with an emphasis on quality, flexibility, time reduction, and teamwork. this has led to a flattening of the organizational structure, with fewer levels of management.Lean production systems are so named because they use much less of certain resources than mass production systems use-less space, less inventory, and fewer workers-to produce a comparable amount of output. Lean production systems use a highly skilled workforce and flexible equipment. In effect , they incorporate advantages of both mass production (high volume, low unit cost) and craft production (variety and flexibility) . And quality is higher than in mass production.The skilled workers in lean production systems are more involved in maintaining and improving the system than their mass production counterparts. They are taught to stop production if they discover a defect, and to work with other employees to find and correct the cause of the defect so that it won`t recur. This results in an increasing level of quality over time, and eliminates the need to inspect and rework at the end of the line.Because lean production systems operate with lower amounts of inventory, additional emphasis is placed on anticipating when problems might occur before they arise, and avoiding those problems through careful planning. Even so, problems still occur at times, and quick resolution is important. Workers participate in both the planning and correction stages. Technical experts are still used, but more as consultants rather than substitutes for workers. The focus is on designing a system (products and process) so that workers will be able to achieve high levels of quality and quantity.Compared to workers in traditional systems, much more is expected of workers in lean production systems. They must be able to function in teams, playing active roles in operating and improving the system. Individual creativity is much less important than team success. Responsibilities also are much greater, which can lead to pressure and anxiety not present in traditional systems. Moreover, a flatter organizational structure means career paths are not as steep in lean production organizations. Workers tend to become generalists rather than specialists, another contrast to more traditional organizations.Agile ManufacturingAgility refers to the ability of an organization to respond quickly to demands or opportunities. It is a strategy that involves maintaining a flexible system that can quickly respond to changes in either the volume of demand or changes in product/service offerings. This is particularly important as organizations scramble to remain competitive and cope with increasingly shorter product life cycles and strive to achieve shorter development times for new or improved products and services.Agile manufacturing is a strategic approach to operations for competitive advantage that emphasizes the use of flexible operations to adapt and prosper in an environment of change. Agility involves a blending of several distinct competencies such as cost, quality,and reliabilityalong with flexibility. Processing aspects of flexibility include quick equipment changeovers, scheduling and innovation. Product or service aspects include varying output volumes and product mix.Successful agile manufacturing requires a careful planning to achieve a system that includes people, flexible equipment, and information technology. Reducing the time needed to perform work is one of the ways an organization can improve a key metric: productivity.Mass Customization ProductionMass customization is a strategy of producing standardized goods or service, but incorporating some degree of customization in the final product or service. The increasing diversity of the customer requirements and the attraction of the mass production efficiency shift the major manufacturing mode from mass production to mass customization. Unlike mass production in which finished products need to be stocked in inventory and wait to serve customer's demands, mass customization considers fulfilling individual customer needs while maintaining near mass production efficiency.Unique information is provided by each customer so that the product can be tailored to his or her requirements. This mode of manufacturing requires the production system to be very flexible and its control system adaptive to the rapid changing customer demands.。

西安交通大学17年3月课程考试《专业英语》作业考核试题

西安交通大学17年3月课程考试《专业英语》作业考核试题一、单选题（共50 道试题，共100 分。

）1. An electric heater draws 10 A from a 120V line. The resistance of the heater is _____.A. 1200?B. 120?C. 12?D. 1.2?正确答案：2. In the root-locus method the actual time response of a system can be obtained by means of _____.A. the inverse Fourier transformB. the inverse Laplace transformC. the Fourier transformD. the Laplace transform正确答案：3. Some schools teach but fail to (_______) their students.A. educateB. instructC. enlightenD. editorial正确答案：4. Finally, the teacher realized that the girl was crying ____.A. because what he had saidB. because that he had saidC. because of what he had saidD. because of that he had said正确答案：5. We are going to have a dancing party tonight. Would you like to join us? ---- (_______) .A. I'm afraid not. Because I have an appointment with my dentist tonightB. Of course not. I have no ideaC. No, I can‘tD. That‘s all set正确答案：6. When John came in, she (_______) her talk with Linda and talked to him.A. broke offB. called offD. passes out正确答案：7. It is reported that two cars (_______) into each other this morning on the highway, killing both driver and two passengers.A. crawledB. crouchedC. pressedD. crashed正确答案：8. A computer printer is _____ device that produces computer-generated text or graphical images on paper.A. an inputB. an outputC. a storageD. a data processing正确答案：9. They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them (_______) ．A. might have diedB. might dieC. would dieD. could die正确答案：10. I _____on a sofa because my parents have come for the weekend.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. have sleptD. am sleeping正确答案：11. Any protection scheme consists basically of _____.A. two elementsB. three elementsC. four elementsD. five elements正确答案：12. Beijing is one of _____ cities in China.A. largeB. largerC. the largestD. largest正确答案：13. We have come to a critical moment. You must take immediate (_______) .A. actB. actionD. doings正确答案：14. 1A.B.C.D.正确答案：15. “Have you seen Lao Wu recently?” “It looks (_______) he would return home tomorrow.”A. likeB. asC. as ifD. that正确答案：16. He studied hard in his youth, (_______) contributed to his great success in later life.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which正确答案：17. Mary’s bother promised to go to London with us, but now he is considering___.A. he doesn’t goB. not to goC. not goingD. not go正确答案：18. The DC-DC converts _____ input to _____ output.A. direct current, alternating currentB. direct current, direct currentC. alternating current, alternating currentD. alternating current, alternating current正确答案：19. The team_____ by the famous Italian coach _____ among the best in the league.A. to be headed; wasB. headed; wasC. being headed; wereD. having been headed; were正确答案：20. Bob is __ of the two boys. Mary is ____ of the three girls.A. tall,shortB. taller,the shorterC. tallest,the shortestD. the taller,the shortest21. In the form of _____ the output is continuously fed back and compared with the reference input.A. continuous controlB. discontinuous controlC. discrete-data controlD. sampled-data control正确答案：22. (_______) I do is for your good. You should know this all the time.A. All whatB. All whichC. WhicheverD. Whatever正确答案：23. _____ that connects at least two networks makes decision about the best route for data.A. A modemB. A network cardC. A hubD. A router（路由器）正确答案：24. The marine corps are (_______) with the latest weapons and they are sure to fulfill the mission.A. equippedB. chargedC. guardedD. impressed正确答案：25. —Is there anything I can do for you, sir?— ___.A. Sure. Go aheadB. No. Take your timeC. Yes. You’re welcomeD. Not now. Thanks anyway正确答案：26. There were some great national celebrations in town,___the firework (焰火) displays everywhere.A. looking atB. finding outC. at the sightD. judging by正确答案：27. I found (_______) to answer all the questions within the time given.A. no possibilityB. there was impossibilityC. impossible正确答案：28. Let's go by car. It's _______.A. cheap a lotB. cheap muchC. more cheapD. much cheaper正确答案：29. Oh, sorry to bother you. ----- (_______) .A. That's OKB. No, you can'tC. That's goodD. Oh, I don't know正确答案：30. I’ll make every (_______) to help you.A. wayB. meansC. methodD. effort正确答案：31. He drives much _____ than he did three years ago.A. carefulB. carefullyC. more carefulD. more carefully正确答案：32. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be正确答案：33. The delay of the flights is due to (_______) beyond our control.A. conditionsB. causesC. circumstanceD. inconvenience正确答案：34. He was then the only ___among the___there.A. person asleep, people presentB. asleep person, present peopleC. person asleep, present peopleD. asleep person, people present正确答案：35. Thank you very much for giving me so much help. --- (_______) .A. No thank youB. You’re welcomeC. OKD. Thanks正确答案：36. I think English is as ____ as math.A. importantB. importanterC. more importantD. most important正确答案：37. Thank you ever so much for the book you gave me. --- (_______) .A. No thanksB. I’m glad you like itC. Yes, it is goodD. No, it’s not so good正确答案：38. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as (_______) sicknesses.A. normalB. regularC. averageD. ordinary正确答案：39. It is a pity to throw anything away if it can be (_______) .A. bore in mindB. learnt by heartC. kept in sightD. put to use正确答案：40. We go to the cinema (_______) a week.A. oftenB. onceC. seldomD. usually正确答案：41. 1A.B.C.D.正确答案：42. Can you come over for dinner with us? ----- (_______)A. I'd like to but I have a meeting tonightB. It doesn't matterC. No, I don't likeD. Oh, that sounds well正确答案：43. Tom didn’t come to class yesterday. He (_______) ill.A. must beB. should beC. must have beenD. should have been正确答案：44. The precision of ADC ( analog-to-digital conversion ) is determined by _____.A. its speedB. its gainC. the accuracy of the reference voltageD. the number of binary bits正确答案：45. The thermal energy of the steam is converted into _____ energy by the turbine.A. electricalB. mechanicalC. chemicalD. potential正确答案：46. ______ that the left side of the human brain is responsible for logic .A. It generally is believedB. It is believed generallyC. It is generally believedD. Generally it is believed正确答案：47. Most desktop computers use a separate _____ as a display device, where notebook computers use a flat panel LCD screen (liquid crystal display screen) that attached to the system unit.A. keyboardB. MouseC. MonitorD. hard disk正确答案：48. The cold weather (_______) the planting by two weeks.A. set backB. set forthC. stuck upD. stuck to正确答案：49. He gave me money (_______) advice.A. eitherB. as well asC. as wellD. also正确答案：50. The algebraic sum of all voltages around a loop is _____.A. zeroB. indefinite valueC. sum of voltage risesD. sum of voltage drops正确答案：。

专业英语作业

龙岩学院化学与材料学院专业英语翻译专业及班级：材料2班姓名及学号：石文艺2013061631Part I. Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1. One reactant is delivered to the other in a series of known amounts. The equivalence point (specified as a volume of reactant added —— sometimes called the equivalence volume) of the titration is that point when the reaction mixture has the reactants present in stoichiometric equivalence.将一种反应物加入到其他的一系列已知物当中。

滴定的等量点(定义为加入反应物的体积——有时又被称为当量体积)是指当反应混合物中具有以化学计量的反应物的点。

2. A functional group is a chemically reactive atom or group of atoms that imparts characteristic properties to the family of organic compounds containing it. The site of reaction in an organic molecule is often a functional group, a multiple covalent bond, or a polar single bond. An electron-poor atom or group that will bond with an atom that has an available electron pair is called an electrophile. An electron-rich atom or group that will bond with an electron-deficient atom is called a nucleophile.一个官能团是一个化学反应的原子或原子团，它能使包含这些原子团的一类有机化合物显示特殊的性质。

西南大学《专业英语》网上作业题及答案

（0089）《专业英语》网上作业题答案1：第一次作业短语英译汉2：第二次作业短语汉译英3：第三次作业单项选择4：第四次作业单项选择5：第五次作业翻译6：第六次作业写作参考答案：1、数字（激光）视盘，DVD2. （文）字处理程序3. 存储（器）芯片，内存芯片4. 密码电报5. 蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机6. 集成电路7. 电子邮件网规，电子邮件网络礼节8. 电子邮件常规9. 点击图标10. 密件，秘密文件11. 密级信息12. 签名文件13. 主存储器14. 虚拟存储器，虚拟内存15. 分时段的多任务处理16. 桌面操作系统17. 电子游戏机18. 电子数据表程序，电子制表程序19. 存储寄存器20. 函数语句21. 关系（型）语言22. 面向对象语言23. 汇编语言24. 中间语言，中级语言25. 人工智能1£º[ÂÛÊöÌâ]Çë½«ÏÂÁÐÓ¢ÎÄÒëÎªÖÐÎÄ£º1£®A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices, and software. The electric, electronic, and mechanical devices used for processing data are referred to as hardware. In addition to the computer itself, the term "hardware¡±refers to components called peripheral devices that expand the computer's input, output, and storage capabilities. Computer hardware in and of itself does not provide a particularly useful mind tool. To be useful, a computer requires a set of instructions, called software or a computer program, which tells the computer how to perform a particular task. Computers become even more effective when connected to other computers in a network so users can share information.2. Many schools and businesses have established e-mail privacy policies, which explain the condition under which you can and cannot expect your e-mail to remain private. These policies aresometimes displayed when the computer boots or a new user logs in. Court decisions, however, seem to support the notion that because an organization owns and operates an e-mail system, the e-mail message on that system are also the property of the organization. The individual who authors an e-mail message does not own all rights related to it. The company or school that supplies your e-mail account can, therefore, legally monitor your messages. You should use your e-mail account with the expectation that some of your mail will be read from time to time. Think of your e-mail as a postcard, rather than a letter, and save your controversial comments for face-to-face conversations.3£®Multitasking, in computer science, is a mode of operation offered by an operating system in which a computer works on more than one task at a time. There are several types of multitasking. Context switching is a very simple type of multitasking in which two or more applications are loaded at the same time but only the foreground application is given processing time; to activate a background task, the user must bring the window or screen containing that application to the front. In cooperative multitasking, background tasks are given processing time during idle times in the foreground task (such as when the application waits for a keystroke), and only if the application allows it. In time-slice multitasking, each task is given the microprocessor's attention for a fraction of a second. To maintain order, tasks are either assigned priority levels or processed in sequential order. Because the user's sense of time is much slower than the processing speed of the computer, time-slice multitasking operations seem to be simultaneous.4. One especially powerful feature of OOP (objected-oriented programming) languages is a property which is known as inheritance. Inheritance allows an object to take on the characteristics and functions of other objects to which it is functionally connected. Programmers connect objects by grouping them together in different classes and by grouping the classes into hierarchies. These classes and hierarchies allow programmers to define the characteristics and functions of objects without needing to repeat source code, the coded instructions in a program. Thus, using OOP languages can greatly reduce the time it takes for a programmer to write an application, and also reduce the size of the program. OOP languages are flexible and adaptable, so programs or parts of programs can be used for more than one task. Programs written with OOP languages are generally shorter in length and contain fewer bugs, or mistakes, than those written with non-OOP languages.5. In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect results. Minor bugs-for example, a cursor that does not behave as expected-can be inconvenient or frustrating, but not damaging to information. More severe bugs can cause a program to "hang¡± (stop responding to commands) and might leave the user with no alternative but to restart the program, losing any previous work that has not been saved. In either case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the process known as debugging. Because of the potential risk to important data, commercial application programs are tested and debugged as completely as possible before release. Minor bugs found after the program becomes available are corrected in the nest update; more severe bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software, called patches, that circumvents the problem or otherwise reduces its effects.²Î¿¼´ð°¸£º´ð°¸¼û½Ì²ÄÃ¿¿ÎºóµÄ·ÒëÁ·Ï°´ð°¸¡£1：[论述题]请选择下列一个题目写一篇不低于150个词的英文短文.1. The advantages of computer2. How to work with computer?3. How computers change our life?4. My view on chat on the Internet5. My view on computer security参考答案：要求文章用词简单，拼写正确，语法无大的错误，不偏题。

专业英语结课作业

专业英语结课作业通信与信息工程学院专业英语结课作业班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：作业时间：成绩：评语：通信与信息工程学院二〇一五年Passage B Binary System and Logic Systems1.Binary SystemA digital system functions in a binary manner.It employs devices which exist only in two possible states.A transistor is allowed to operate at cutoff or in saturation, but not in its active region.A node may be at high voltage of, say, 4±1V or at a low voltage of, say, 0.2±0.2V, but no values are allowed.Various designations are used for these two quantized states, and the most common are listed in Table 3.1.In logic,a statement is characterized as true or false, and this is the first binary classification listed in the table. A switch may be closed or open, which is the notation under 9, etc.Binary arithmetic and mathematical manipulation of switching or logic functions are best carried out with classification 3, which involves two symbols, 0(zero) and 1 (one).The binary system of representing numbers will now be explained by making reference to the familiar decimal system.Inthe latter the base is 10(ten), and ten numerals,0,1,2,3···,9, are required to express an arbitrary number.To write numbers larger than 9, we assign a meaning to the position of numerals in an array of numerals.For example, the number 1264 (one thousand two hundred sixty four) has the meaning1264=1×103＋2×102＋6×101＋4×100Thus the individual digits in the number represent the coefficients in an expansion of the number in powers of 10.The digit which is farthest to the right is the coefficient of the zeroth power; the next is the coefficient of the firth power.and so on.In the binary system of representation the base is 2, and only two numerals 0 and 1are required to represent a number.The numerals 0 and 1 have the same meaning as in the decimal system ,but a different interpretation is placed on the position occupied by a digit.In the binary system the two rather than ten as in the decimal system.For example, the decimal number 19 is written in the binary representation as 10011 since10011=1×24＋0×23＋0×22＋1×21＋1×20 =16＋0＋0＋2＋1=19A short list of equivalent numbers in decimal and binary notations is given in Table3.2.A general method for converting from a decimal to a binary number is indicated in Table 3.3.The procedure is the following.Place the decimal number (in this illustration,19) on the extreme right.Next divide by 2 and place the quotient (9) to the left and indicate the remember (1) directly below it.Repeat this process (for the next column 9÷2=4 and a remainder of 1) until a quotient of 0 is obtained.The array of 1’s and 0’s in the second row is the binary representation of the origin decimalnumber.In this example, decimal 19=10011 binary.A binary digit (a 1 or a 0) is called a bit.A group of bits that has the same significance is called a byte, word, or code.For example, to represent the 10 numerals (0,1,2,3···,9) and the 26 letters of the English alphabet would require 36 different combinations of 1’s and 0’s.Since 25<36<26, then a minimum of 6 bits per bit arerequired in order to accommodate all the alphanumeric characters.In this sense a bit is sometimes referred to as a character and a group of one or more characters as a word.2. Logic SystemsIn a DC, or level-logic, system a bit is implemented as one of two voltage levels.If, as in Figure 3.6(a), the more positive voltage is the 1 level and the other is the 0 level, the system is said to employ DC positive logic.On the other hand, a DC negative-logic system,as in Figure 3.6(b),i s one which designates the more negative voltage state of the bit as the 1 level and the more positive as the 0 level.It should be emphasized that the absolute values of the two voltages are of no significance in these definitions.In particular, the 0 state need not represent a zero voltage level (although in some systems it might).The parameters of a physical device (for example,VCE·sat of a transistor) are not identical from sample to sample,and they also vary with temperature.Furthermore, ripple or voltage spikes may exist in the power supply or ground leads, and other sources of unwanted signals, called noise,may be present in the circuit.For these reasons the digital levels are not specified precisely, but as indicated by the shaded region in Figure 3.6,each state is defined by a voltage range about a designated level, such as 4±1V and 0.2±0.2V.In a dynamic,or pulse-logic,system a bit is recognized by the present or absence of a pulse.At 1 signifies the existence of a positive pulse in a dynamic positive-logic system; a negative pulse denotes a 1 in a dynamic negative-logic system a 0 at a particular input (or output) at a given instant of time designates that no pulse is present at that particular moment.B篇二进制系统和逻辑系统1.二进制系统一个数字系统作用以二进制方式。

专业英语作业答案

专业英语作业答案<i>答案</i>Part IWater Supply and Drainage Engineering offers a particular challenge because almost every process of wastewater treatment that is designed and built by engineers is unique. 给排水工程提出了特殊的挑战，因为由工程师设计建造的每个废水处理工艺几乎都是唯一的。

Be strict to the examination and approval of the new projects in Huaihe River basin, and carry out the environment influence assessment system. The projects which are not in accord with the Tenth-Five year plan should not be approved. 严格淮河流域新建项目的审批，实行环境影响评价制度，不符合十五淮河流域水污染防治工作计划的一律不得审批。

Once a project has been identified, the next step is a preliminary or feasibility study to consider in detail the implementation of alternatives, together with approximate costs. For example, water system study alternatives for a region might include：(1) possible service areas and combinations; (2) a well-water supply with water softening and iron removal; (3) an upland lake or reservoir with multipurpose uses requiring land question, water rights, and a conventional water treatment plant. 确定项目后首先需开展的工作是进行前期和可行性研究，其内容包括考虑实施备选方案的各个环节和估算大致的费用。

专业英语作业

Unit 3 Introduction of Automation Specialty自动化专业概论Automation science and technologies have been playing a key role in the development of 自动化科学与技术在人类历史上科学与技术发展过程中一直扮演着一个关键角色。

science and technology in human history. Automation and Control educates within the fields of自动化与控制教育领域内的自动化，控制和机器人技术。

automation,control and robotics. The major of automation is kept for undergraduate program to自动化专业本科计划保持满足技术创新和社会主义市场经济meet the needs of technical innovation and socialist market economy,to strengthen the的需要，加强基础知识和拓宽专业范围。

fundamental expertise and to broaden the professional scope. Students in the Specialty of Automation are expected to establish solid engineering basis and obtain sound professional自动化专业的学生对电工，电子技术，控制理论，测量仪表，系统工程，计算机技术和网络knowledge in Electrotechnics,Electronics,Control Theory,Sensing & Instrumentation,System技术的应用4年的学习后获得良好的专业知识奠定坚实的工程基础。

专业英语作业答案

Solutions 1Question 1-5C BD D AQuestion 6(1) Accounting is not the same as bookkeeping.Accounting is a service activity that includes the measurement, recording,summarization, and reporting of economic information to assist financialinformation users to make decisions. Accounting is also described as aninformation system, which measures business activities, processes information into reports and communicates these findings to decision makers. Actually,Accounting covers a broader scope of activities than bookkeeping. Accounting includes the analysis and interpretation of accounting information intended to be used by external and internal decision makers, while bookkeeping only records transactions and events.(2) Financial accounting is the area of accounting aimed at serving external users byproviding them with financial statements. These statements are known asgeneral-purpose financial statements, because external users rely on thesestatements with a broad range of purposes. The activities involved in financial accounting include statement preparation, statement analysis, auditing, accounting regulatory, accounting consulting, accounting planning, and forensic accounting.Managerial accounting is the area of accounting that serves the decision-making needs of internal users. Internal reports are not subject to the same rules asexternal reports and are designed with the special needs of internal users in mind.The activities included are general accounting, cost accounting, budgeting,internal auditing, and management consulting.Question 7。

专业英语作业和答案

一、请将下列英文句子翻译成汉语（1）The recrystallized grain size at the instant of recrystallization is inversely proportional to the degree of deformation .再结晶瞬间的再结晶的晶粒度大小和变形程度成反比。

（2）A mechanism or linkage is a constrained kinematic chain , and is a mechanical device that has the purpose of transferring motion and/or force form a source to an output .机构或连杆是一个约束运动链，并且是一个机械装置，这个装置可以把输入端的运动或是力传输到输出端（3）In the United States material removal is a big business---in excess of $36×109 per year , including material , labor , overhead , and machine-tool shipments , is spent .在美国，机加工是一个很大的市场------每年的花费超过36×109 美元，包括：原材料费用，劳务费用，管理费用，机床运输费用。

（4）The basic tool—work relationship in cutting is adequately described by means of four factors ：tool geometry , cutting speed , feed , and depth of cut .切削加工中，基本的刀具—工件的关系可以从四个方面来描述：刀具的几何外形，切削速度，吃刀量，切削深度。