阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义3

合集下载

全国职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)试题及答案

2008年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1she found me very dullA dirtyB sleepyC lazyD boring2The President made a brief visit to BeijingA shortB workingC formalD secret3He was persuaded to give up the ideaA mentionB acceptC considerD drop4Jack consumes a pound of cheese a dayA eatsB drinksC buysD produces5Mary just told us a very fascinating storyA strangeB frighteningC difficultD interesting6It's a gorgeous day anywayA lovelyB coldC normalD rainy7Her life is becoming more diverseA generousB humorousC variedD romantic8Foreign military aid was prolonging the warA broadeningB worseningC extendingD accelerating9She was unwilling to go but she had no choice.A unableB IndecisiveC readyD reluctant10 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles.A sickB weakC slimD pale11 With immense relief, I stopped running.A someB enormousC littleD extensive12 The scientists began to accumulate data.A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate13 Jack eventually overtook the last truckA hitB passedC reachedD led14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advanceA possibleB profitableC easyD wise15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzleA factB mysteryC statementD game第２部分：阅读判断（第16－22题，每题1分，其7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择Ａ果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择Ｂ；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择Ｃ。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义2

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义2阅读理解例3：Which statement about Barth is NOT true? （2009）A.He is 33 years old now.B.He works at a Goodwill thrift shop.C.He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop.D.He was a college student many years ago.原文：When 33-year-old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second-hand clothing stores was just something he did “ like changing the tires on his car.” He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops.Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second-clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy-looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment.[答疑编号505916040301]【答案】C例4：Which of the followings is NOT true of a person who does not have breakfast? （2006）A.He will be easily distracted.B.He will tend to lose his temper.C.He will become very talkative.D.He will feel weak.老师手写内容：skip sth 跳过，省略does not have… 不吃…and conj. 和talk v. 讲话，说话talkative adj. 多话的，爱说的原文：If you skip breakfast, you are likely to concentrate less effectively in the late morning, feel irritable, short-tempered, tired or weak.[答疑编号505916040302]【答案】C2）三误一正（TRUE）：与原句叙述相同为答案例1：Which of the followings is true of Belcher's battery mentioned in paragraph 6？A.It is made of metal.B.It is a kind of watch battery.C.It can only be seen with a microscope.D.It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.老师手写内容：。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义6

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义6阅读理解例5：Means of communication, like telephones, cables and radio, send information about prices, supplies and changing conditions in different parts of the world.老师手写内容：ways n.方式，方法例6：Nocturnal creatures, such as bats and owls, have highly developed senses that enable them to function in the dark.老师手写内容：living things 生物night n.夜晚，晚上例7：I am a resolute man.Once I set up a goal, I won't give it up easily.例8：The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast.The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change.For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow.If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow.However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.5）利用标点符号：---，：，（）等。

职称英语考试综合类A级试题及参考答案.

2012年职称英语考试综合类A 级试题及参考答案第一部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

个意义最为接近的选项。

1.He shifted his position a little in order to (alleviate) the pain in his leg.A. controlB. easyC. experienceD. suffer2.Our aim was to (update) the health service, and we succeeded.A. offerB. provideC. modernizeD. fund3.She moves from one (exotic) location to another.A. unusualB. familiarC. similarD. proper4.Nothing would (induce) me to vote for him again.A. teachB. helpC. discourageD. attract5.The photographs (evoked) strong memories of our holiday in France.A. refreshedB. storedC. blockedD. erased6.The weather was (crisp) and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.A. hotB. heavyC. freshD. windy7.Every week the magazine presents the (profile) of a well-known sports personality.A. successB. descriptionC. evidenceD. plan8.Her comments about men are (utterly) ridiculous completely.A. slightlyB. completelyC. partlyD. faintly9.The walls are made of (hollow) concrete blocks.A . big B. empty C. long D. now10.We almost (ran into) a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.A. overtookB. hitC. passedD. found11.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn 11.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’’t resist having a (peep) look.A. chanceB. visitC. lookD. try12.He has been granted (asylum) in France.A. powerB. reliefC. protectionD. license13.He was (weary) of the constant battle between them.A. fondB. tiredC. proudD. afraid14.Newborn babies can (discriminate) between a man 14.Newborn babies can (discriminate) between a man’’s and a woman s and a woman’’s voice.A. treatB. distinguishC. expressD. analyzes15.All the flats in the building had the same (layout) arrangement.A. colorB. sizeC. functionD. arrangement第二部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。

2014年综合类职称英语——阅读理解

第四部分阅读理解授课内容：1.题型介绍及考查目标2.阅读理解的出题形式3.答题技巧4.教材重点文章讲解题型介绍该部分考查应试者对不同体裁和不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过阅读获取材料信息（主旨和细节信息）的能力。

要求应试者阅读3篇具有一定难度级别的文章，每篇文章300-450词，每篇文章后有5道小题，应试者应根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

考查目标应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。

6大阅读理解能力：1）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2）了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3）利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；4）既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；5）根据所读材料进行判断和推论；6）领会作者的观点、意图和态度。

阅读理解的出题形式细节题根据上下文猜测词义题主旨题作者观点态度题推理判断题答题技巧细节题1.关键词定位题：根据关键词（时间、地点、数字、名词、专有名词、重要实词或短语等）定位原句，正确选项通常是原句再现、原词再现或同义改写。

例1：American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in ____ children in the U.S.A.almost 1 millionB.more than 2 millionC.almost 2 billionD.about 57 million原文：Children with high levels of lead in their blood may be more likely to have bad teeth. American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in more than 2 million children in the United States.[答疑编号506324040101]【正确答案】B【答案解析】细节题。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义5

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义5阅读理解例2：What does “this is no longer the case” in paragraph two mean?A.It is not necessary to get married any more.B.Women do not need a husband any longer.C.Women are not economically dependent any more.D.Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.老师手写内容：代词it 它 they 它们/他们this 这；这个 these 这些one 一个人；任何人 ones一些人；任何人such 这；这样的some 一些used to be 过去常常…not…any more 不再…原文：But what are the reasons for this，and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was.The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need.Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn’t have jobs outside the home.But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs，this is no longer the case，so they don’t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.[答疑编号505916040705]【答案】C例3：Liquid water only exists ________.A.in the center of the earthB.on the surface of our planetC.in a very narrow range of temperaturesD.in the coastal areas of the earth原文：The second most important constituent （构成成份） of the biosphere （生物圈）is liquid water.This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃.Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.[答疑编号505916040706]【答案】C例4：Most of the fresh water on Earth _________.A.is stored undergroundB.is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountainsC.is found in rivers and lakeses from the rain原文：The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity.The total quantity。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义1

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义1阅读理解授课内容：1.题型介绍及考查目标2.阅读方法介绍3.阅读理解的出题形式4.答题技巧5.教材重点文章讲解题型介绍：该部分考查应试者对不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过阅读不同体裁和获取材料信息（主旨和细节信息）的能力。

考查目标：应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。

阅读方法：两种阅读方法：1.先读文章后做题适用范围：对全局性问题（如主旨题、推论题）或含有考点较多的题目比较适用。

2.先看问题后读文章适用范围：该方法对局部性题型，如细节题、词义题、逻辑关系题等有效。

阅读理解的出题形式：1.细节题2.根据上下文猜测词义题3.主旨题4.作者观点态度题5.推理判断题答题技巧：细节题：1.关键词定位题：时间、地点、数字、专有名词、重要实词或短语等，正确选项通常是原文句子再现、原词再现或同义改写。

例1：What does Akins do? （2009）A.She is a soldier.B.She is an accountantC.She is a saleswoman.D.She is a road sweeper.[答疑编号505916040101]【答案】B。

阅读理解--职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义7

正保远程教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司(NYSE:DL)职业培训教育网职业人的网上家园职称英语考试辅导《综合类》第四部分讲义7阅读理解例2：The fourth paragraph describes briefly ________.A.how to select subjects and what to do in the researchB.how to identify supertasters and nontastersC.why to limit the number of subjects to 87 personsD.why to select more male subjects than female ones原文：The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks.Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years.The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes.They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale，ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.老师手写内容：mainly adv.主要地study v/n.学习；研究[答疑编号505916041006]【答案】A例3：The author's main purpose is to ________.A.support the view that robots will play a major role in our lifeB.describe the life of Hans MoravecC.make fun of the views of Hans MoravecD.get people prepared for the threat of future robots原文：The Robot Man （2009）第一段：According to Hans Moravec, universal robots will take over all the physical activities that we engage in, leaving us with little to do.最后一段：These future machines will be our “mind children”.Like biological children of p revious generations, they will embody humanity’s best hope for a long-term future.[答疑编号505916041007]【答案】A例4：What could be the message of the passage?A.Giving up hope means giving up happiness.B.Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.C.Hope is what makes people move on.D.Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness.原文：Acceptance of Chronic Illness（标题）第一段：For chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U.S.researchers suggest.[答疑编号505916041008]【答案】B。

职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解

职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解92部分：阅读判断16 B Ireland is me best place in the world t0 live in for 2005,…．爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方，……这是文章中的第一句话。

题干说的是：在长达2005年里，爱尔兰一直是世界上最适合于人类居住的地方。

因此，不对。

17 C 题干说的是：工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

文章第三段提到了工作稳定(job security)，但是没有说工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

18 A 题干说的是：在爱尔兰生活费用相当高。

这一信息可以从第四段中的词组“the high cost of living”(很高的生活费用)中找到。

19 C 题干说的是：在津巴布韦，家庭生活不稳定。

文章没有提到。

20 A 题干说的是：爱尔兰名居榜首是因为它把新时期的的成分和一些好的传统结合在一起。

这一信息可以从第七段中找到。

21 B 题干说的是：评价生活质量很容易。

第八段是这么说的：The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do．该杂志承认评价生活质量不是一件简单的事。

因此，不对。

22 B 题干说的是：美国在前十名。

事实是它排在第十三名。

有关此信息可以在最后一段找到。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23 C 本文的标题是：即使是聪明人也会失败。

第二和第三段都跟Edison直接相关。

第二段描述的是他的发明创造。

24 D 本段是。

Edison对失败的看法。

第一句话的意思是：生活中的许多失败是半途而废，这些人不知道其实他们放弃时离成功已经是近在咫尺了。

25 A 本段的第一句话是这么说的：没有人喜欢失败，但是聪明的发明家会从中吸取教训。

注意：一个段落的第一句话常常是主题句。

26 B 本段的第一句话是这么说的：两个世纪来，发明家表现出的一个共同品质是弃而不舍。

2023年职称英语考试综合类AB级精选试题

第一套:第一部分: 词汇选择(第1-15题, 每题1分, 共15分)下面共有15句子, 每个句子均有一种词或短语划有底横线, 请从每个句子背面所给旳四个选项中选择一种与划线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

He was a very cute boy but now he seems to have no interest in anything.A) clever B) honestC) brave D) dull原则答案: a2. Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.A) problem B) mysteryC) question D) point原则答案: b3. The film originated from a short story.A) resulted B)derived原则答案: b4. After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.A) walk B) restC) bath D) breath原则答案: a5. This is a subject that has now moved into the political domain.A) extent B) zoneC) area D) competition原则答案: c6. She is noted for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.A) charged B) accusedC) famous D) responsible原则答案: c7、 He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee.C) show D) examine原则答案: c8、 8.You startled me when you shouted.A) threatened B) frightenedC) interrupted D) troubled原则答案: b9、 It is said the houses along this street will soon be demolished.A)pulled down B) pulled upC) pulled off D) pulled in原则答案: a10、 She tried to probe my mind and discover what I was thinking.A) solved B) exploredC) involved D) exploded原则答案: b11. The parents have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street.A)disallow B) reduceC) prevent D) confine原则答案: c12. He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.A) despair B) difficultiesC) need D) danger原则答案: d13. 13.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.A) shaken B) fallenC) damaged D) trembled原则答案: c14. Thick clouds obscured the stars from view.A)darkened B) heldC) blackened D)prevent原则答案: d15. The river was contaminated with waste.A) blackened B) pollutedC) widened D) mixed原则答案: b第二部分: 阅读判断(每题1分, 共七分)阅读下面这篇短文, 短文后列出了七个句子, 请根据短文旳内容对每个句子作出判断。

职称英语考试第四部分阅读理解

第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)考查考生对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。

本部分为3篇文章，每篇300-450词，每篇文章后有5道题。

要求考生根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

阅读理解解题技巧：重点要把握文章主旨，答题顺序是先快速浏览题目，了解题目的问题有哪些，再带着问题去文中，一边理解文章，一边找寻答案，在答案可能存在的地方要重点理解。

题目的问题答案全部找到了，则阅读完成，剩余的文章内容大致扫读一下即可。

若有多余时间可第二遍读完文章全部，确保第一遍意思理解的是正确的，题目的答案是正确的。

重点Real World Robots 现实生活中的机器人When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans. Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning, drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience.A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A robot even has limbs that swivel and move in combination with joints and motors. To find its way in its surroundings1, a robot utilizes various built-in sensors. Antennae attached to the robot’s base detect anything they bump into. If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline, a gyroscope or a pendulum inside it senses the vertical differential. To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path2. These and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer, which then analyzes the informati on and corrects or adjusts the robot’s actions. As science and technology advance, the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial-intelligence programs.词汇：envision v. 想象，预想device n. 装置accentuate v. 强调，重读artificial intelligence n. 人工智能limb n. 臂antennae n. 天线incline v. 倾斜pendulum n. 钟摆ultrasonic adj. 超声的metallic adj. 金属的monotone n. 单调的humanoid adj. 像人的axle n. 轮轴rotate v. 旋转swivel n. 旋转teeter v. 摇晃gyroscope n. 陀螺仪，回转仪vertical n. 直立的注释：1．To find its way in its surroundings...：为了在周围找到路……2．the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions inits path：机器人发射激光束和超声波，反射到障碍物上（以此来探知路径）。

2014年《全国职称英语等级考试用书》---------第四部分阅读理解及答案翻译31-50篇

第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina（卡特里娜飓风）飓风是一种猛烈、强力、螺旋形式的热带风暴。

直径可达124到1240英里。

飓风（hurricane）一词是由Hurican一词衍生而来，指印第安人风暴之神的名字。

飓风的特征是其中心的无风区域，那里的气压低，直径在12到60英里之间，被称做风眼。

它们在热带区域出现。

在飓风肆虐的整个过程中，有一种飓风可释放相当于1万颗核弹的能量。

飓风形成的原因是由于雷暴聚集在温暖的热带水面之上。

只有当海平面的温度超过27摄氏度并且周围的空气稳定时，飓风才能形成，壮大。

在六月到十一月之间的北半球这些条件可被达到。

在这种情况下，大量的水蒸气凝结成云和雨，并在此过程中释放热量。

正是这些热能，加上地球的自转驱动着飓风。

当海平面的柱状暖气流首次开始上升时，它会引起一片低气压区。

而这连带地形成了风，因为空气被吸引流动进这一低气压区域。

这一旋转运动的风带起了海面上更多的充满水汽的空气。

这一过程增大了暴风的威力。

冷空气通过暴风中心降回海面，落到暴风外围。

一开始，当风速达到每小时23英里时，这些温和、潮湿灰色的气候系统被称做低气压区。

2005年的8月23日，卡特里娜飓风以这种方式在巴哈马群岛东南形成。

卡特里娜飓风对美国的墨西哥湾沿岸造成了毁灭性打击。

其后留下了面积为9万平方英里的受灾区域——几乎和英国的面积一样大。

数以千计的人因此伤亡。

五十多万人被迫离开家园，如此大规模的人道主义危机是美国自大萧条以来还未经历过的。

此次飓风造成的破坏可能超过l千亿美元。

1 飓风眼是指？C 中心的无风区域的气压低，直径在12到60英里之间2 下面第二段，飓风形成的要求不包括？A 热带水域的水温较暖，水面平静3 第三段，单词drive的最好解释是？C 提供动力，并促使形成4 第四段当暖空气从海平面上升时，B 它形成了低气压5 关于卡特里娜飓风，不正确的一项是？D 造成的人道主义危机如经济大萧条一样严重第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine（读心机）一个加州的研究团队开发了一种可以通过扫描人体大脑所发生的变化从而预测出这个人正在看一些什么样的物体的方法。

【精品文档】职称英语考试综合类阅读理解篇(4)-范文word版 (1页)

【精品文档】职称英语考试综合类阅读理解篇(4)-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==职称英语考试综合类阅读理解篇(4)Lucky Lord Lucan ----- Alive or DeadOn 8 th November 1974 Lord Lucan ， a British aristocrat ，vanished . The day before ， his childrens nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too . To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because Lucan hasnever been found . Now ， over 30 years later ， the police have reopened ， the case ， hoping that new DNA techniques will he 1 p solve this murder mystery .1People suspected thatLucky ， as he was called by friends ，wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with . They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark ， killed the nanny by mistake . His estranged wife heard noises ， came downstairs and was also attacked ， but managed to escape . Seven months after the murder ，a jury conc 1 uded that Lucan had ki 1 led the nanny .What happened next is unc 1 ear ， but there are severaltheories which fall into one of three categories ： he may havekilled himself ， he could have escaped or he might have been killed . It appears that the night after the murder ， Luckyborrowed a car and drove it ， Lucans friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in theEnglish Channel .Another version of events says that Lucky left the blood - soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France .2 He was metthere by someone who drove him to safety in another country .However ， after a time ， his rescuers became worried that theywould become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed .。

2019年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解辅导3

2019年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解辅导3Who wants to live forever?If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you havea healthy life for twice as long， would you take it?The good news is that we may be drawing near to thatdate.Scientists have already extended the lives of flies，worms and mice in laboratories.Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human lifeto at least 140 years.This seems a great idea.Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams， spending time with our loved ones，watching our families grow and have families of their own.“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking，”says Dr Gregory Stock of the University of California School of Public Health. “It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work.”Longer lives don't just affect the people who live them.They also affect society as a whole.“We have war poverty, allsons of issues around，and I don’t think any of them wouldbe at all helped by having people live longer,” says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan.“The question is ‘What will we get as a society?’ I suspect it won't be a better society.”It would certainly be a very different society.People are already finding it more difficult to stay married.Divorcerates are rising.What would to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what would happen to familylife if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents，or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart1 .We think of an elder sibling as someone who can protect us and offer help and advice.That would be hard to do if thatsibling came from a completely different generation.Working life would also be affected，especially if the retirement age was lifted.More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age-skill，wisdom and good judgement.On the other hand，more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals，making career progress more difficult.And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140 .It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people，and more on making life comfortable for the old.And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom，but less energy Young people like to move about.old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking.old people tend to think without acting.Young people are curious and like to experience different things.Old people are less enthusiasticabout change. In fact，they are less enthusiastic about everything.The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think.But as the science advances，we need to think about these changes now.“If this could ever happen，then we’d better ask what kind of society we want to get,” says Daniel Callahan.“We had better not go anywhere near it2 until we have figure those problems out.”练习：1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do?A)Spending more time with his family.B)Having more education.C)Realizing more dreams.D) Working longer.2. Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph?A)Marriages in the US today are quite unstable.B) More and more people in the US today want to get married.C)Living longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties.D) If people live longer, they would stay in marriage longer.3. All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPTA)Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.B)More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C)The job market would be more competitive.D)It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.4. An important feature of a society in which people live a long life is thatA)it places more emphasis on educating the young.B)it is both wise and energetic.C)it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new.D)it welcomes Changes.5. Which of the following best describes Callahan’s attitude to anti-ageing technology?A)Optimistic.B)Pessimistic.C)Reserved.D) Negative答案与题解：1.B 长寿使个人能做的事主要在第3、4段里讲到，作者没有提到长寿能够让人更多地接受教育。

职称第四部分阅读理解译文

第四部分阅读理解第八篇当代婚姻如今的婚姻出什么严重问题了吗?在过去50年中，美国的离婚率暴涨：现在几乎50％的婚姻以离婚告终，证据显示，情况还将持续恶化。

据美国国家联合会的发言人称，如果这种趋势持续下去，将导致家庭的破裂。

一些未来学家预测，100年后的美国人将平均至少结四次婚，而婚外恋甚至将比现在更为普遍。

那问题的原因是什么?现状真的如此糟糕吗?第一个问题的答案十分简单：婚姻早已不像它过去那样非有不可了。

从好些年前开始，经济需求已经只是婚姻的部分基础。

过去，由于女性除了家庭以外没有任何工作，她们常常在经济上依赖丈夫。

现在，随着高薪女性的增多，情况也已经改变。

因此，她们觉得没有必要被一段失败的婚姻捆住手脚。

回答第二个问题，前景似乎不像它看起来那么令人悲观。

尽管离婚率升高，但实际结婚率并没有下降，所以说结婚还是挺流行的。

除此之外，现在许多恋人同居但并不急着领证。

这些人事实上已经结婚，但他们却是统计结婚与离婚率的盲区。

超过50％的第一次婚姻实际上是成功的。

之前数据的欺骗性在于二度与三度婚姻的离婚率要高于首次婚姻。

婚姻真的过时了吗?大多数人仍会结婚，这一事实证明不是这样的。

而且事实上婚后夫妻比单身过着更健康的生活：他们压力较小，因压力产生的诸如心脏问题也相应减少。

而且，婚后男性总体上较之配偶更为满意。

也许，关键在于找出成功婚姻背后的秘诀并把它运用到我们所有人与人的关系中去。

第三十八篇对年轻人的过高期望许多人对能同时兼顾几样工作的本领赞誉有加。

然而最近研究却发现，八岁到十八岁、被称为"多媒体时代"的年轻人在同时进行多种任务的过程中常常事倍功半、了无成果。

研究认为，正像依次完成各个任务一样，这些年轻人仍旧浪费了一半时间。

有些年轻人在学习时还同时使用着很多电子产品。

在学习的同时，他们还在上网、给朋友发邮件、打电话、听MP3或者另～台电脑上的歌。

随着新产品的出现，他们的电子设备的数量还会不断增加。