约束系统设计
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Recliners in a seat are more than just a comfort device. They are designed to withstand high forces, such as the loads that can be caused in frontal crash.
Seat frame in Rear Crash
Excessive stiffness of seat frame is also not desirable for the front occupant in a rear impact which may cause neck injury.
Seat Belt: Classic Components
SCS SCS
FCS
• Lower radiator support • Above bumper beam
FCS SCS SCS
Sensor Process: Flow Diagram
Sensor Map*
Crash Sensors
Test Authorization*
Build Site Sign-off
Curtain Airbag Animation
Seat Track – Safety Concern
L/2 L/2 H/2 5% FEMALE H/2 50% MALE
l/2
l/2
Seat frame
Seat frame is designed to prevent submarining of smaller occupants.
Driver Airbag Module
Logo
Door Seam
Bag door
Bag
Inflator
Passenger Airbag Module
Top, Mid , Frontal Mounted
7.6
Top
-
Front
Discrete
Hard
Seamless
Soft
Acura MDX
8.0
D-ring
Height Adjuster
Webbing
Tongue
Buckle
Retractor
Anchor
Seat Belt: Pretensioners
The purpose of a pretensioner is to remove slack for the belt system early in an event. Most pretensioners use a pyrotechnic (explosive) to provide the energy of operation There are Buckle and Retractor pretensioners.
Seat Belt: Retractor Pretensioners
There are two main methods of retractor pretensioning: – Move the retractor linearly with the spool locked – Rewind the seat belt
Knee Airbag
Knee bag is very effective for unbelted mode in reducing dummy riding down
Collapsible PR Steering Column
Bend Strap 2” Movement Shear Tab
Int Shaft 4” Collapse
约束系统设计
自主品牌约束系统面对的挑战
法规将不断更新, 变严, 与国际接轨 CNCAP出台, 消费者对”几颗星”关注日增 对欧美的出口计划 安全任证由”送检”变”抽检” 如何在保持价格优势的前提下, 面对以上的 挑战?
如何面对挑战
抛砖引玉, 提出来交流 建立完整的约束系统团队(CAE, Development, D/R, testing…) 整车概念设计阶段, 安全团队要介入, 提 出空间参数要求. 检讨约束系统设计规范 检讨对供应商的质量标准
Mid
Hyundai Sonata
Discrete
Hard
Chevy Aveo
PAB Top, Mid or Front Mounted
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Top Mid Front Top Mid Front
% of All Vehicles
Discrete and Seamless
Retractor pretensioners pull on the shoulder part of the belt.
Seat Belt: Buckle Pretensioners
Buckle pretensioners utilize a pyrotechnic charge to pull the buckle down linearly increasing the tension in the lap and shoulder belt The buckle is usually attached to a cable that runs into the pretensioner body and tube. Buckle Pretensioners pull on both the lap and shoulder parts of the seat belt
Dual Stage Inflators
Driver Side Bag/ Inflator
•Passenger Side Bag/ Inflator
Two Stages Single Stage
1+2 Stage (High Output)
1st Stage (Low Output) 2nd Stage
Restraint System
Sensors RCM Module
Acceleration Belt Buckle Roll rate Position Seat Track Weight
Driver Airbag
Pass Airbag
Decide: 1. Fire or Not 2. What time to Fire
• Sensor Location
• Camera positions • Exterior • Interior • Film • AVI format • Digitized film • Special Requests
Sensor Process: Deployment Targets
CAE and MADYMO analysis are used in conjunction with sled tests to determine if and when an airbag is needed based on occupant injury numbers
SCS RCM SCS
• Deployable Devices
• Driver / Passenger Front Airbags – 1st Stage • Driver / Passenger Front Airbags – 2nd Stage • Driver / Passenger Pretensioners
Seat Weight Occupant Sensing
Advanced Occupant Classification : Bladder Pressure System
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Push Pins Bladder Backerboard
Felt Pad Pressure Sensor
ECU
Seat frame in Frontal Crash
Time
Time
Dual Chambered Side Airbag
Thorax Bag
Pelvis Bag
Side Airbag
Thorax Side Airbag
IC Airbag (Inflatable Curtain)
-Provides interior head protection for front/rear occupant -Prevents occupant ejection
Front
-
Front
Seamless
Soft
Seamless
Soft
Hyundai Sonata
Lexus LX
PAB –Seamless vs. Discrete
70 60
% Of All Vehicles
50 40 30 20 10 0 Seamless Discrete Seamless Discrete
Windshield
Windshield
Belt System
Side Airbag Curtain Bag
Pretensioner Load Limiter
Gas Pedal Floor Pan
Interior Trim
Knee Bolster
Steering Column
Seats
Advanced Restraint System
Constant Force Digressive Force
Paid Out
Seat Belt: Load Limiter
Inflatable Seat Belt
Knee Bolster and Cross Car Beam
Compartment stabilization Additional steering column support
Seat Belt: Buckle Pretensioner
Seat Belt: Load Limiter
Reduces peak occupant loading during a crash by allowing controlled payout after retractor lockup It is integrated into the retractor In a crash situation: – the retractor will lock – under high load, the torsion bar will twist, which absorbs energy and limits the peak load
External Stroking Column
Smart Column- Adaptive Energy management
F2 F1
F3 = F1 + F2
Concept: Bookshelf Bending Sheet And Pyrotechnic „Switch“ Combination Allow for the High (F3) / Low (F1) e-Absorption Capability
Fundamentals: Simple & Robust Predicatable & Repeatable
Carpet/Floor Airbag
Pedestrian Protection Bags
Crash Sensor Systems
FCS
Electronic Multi-Point System Advanced Restraints System (ARS) • Restraints Control Module (RCM) • Side Crash Sensor (SCS) • Front Crash Sensor (FCS) • Rollover Sensor
SCS
SCS
• Driver / Passenger Safety Canopy
Crash Analysis: Sensor Packaging
SCS SCS
RCM • Center tunnel between seats
FCS RC M
SCS
• B-pillar at rocker • C-pillar at rocker
Crash Test
Data Retrieval
Data Processing
Deployment Targets*
Crash Reports*
Calibration Review
* Additional Information
Sensor Process: Test Authorization
Sensor Types • Triax - Accelerometers • Angular Rate Sensor
Seat frame in Rear Crash
Excessive stiffness of seat frame is also not desirable for the front occupant in a rear impact which may cause neck injury.
Seat Belt: Classic Components
SCS SCS
FCS
• Lower radiator support • Above bumper beam
FCS SCS SCS
Sensor Process: Flow Diagram
Sensor Map*
Crash Sensors
Test Authorization*
Build Site Sign-off
Curtain Airbag Animation
Seat Track – Safety Concern
L/2 L/2 H/2 5% FEMALE H/2 50% MALE
l/2
l/2
Seat frame
Seat frame is designed to prevent submarining of smaller occupants.
Driver Airbag Module
Logo
Door Seam
Bag door
Bag
Inflator
Passenger Airbag Module
Top, Mid , Frontal Mounted
7.6
Top
-
Front
Discrete
Hard
Seamless
Soft
Acura MDX
8.0
D-ring
Height Adjuster
Webbing
Tongue
Buckle
Retractor
Anchor
Seat Belt: Pretensioners
The purpose of a pretensioner is to remove slack for the belt system early in an event. Most pretensioners use a pyrotechnic (explosive) to provide the energy of operation There are Buckle and Retractor pretensioners.
Seat Belt: Retractor Pretensioners
There are two main methods of retractor pretensioning: – Move the retractor linearly with the spool locked – Rewind the seat belt
Knee Airbag
Knee bag is very effective for unbelted mode in reducing dummy riding down
Collapsible PR Steering Column
Bend Strap 2” Movement Shear Tab
Int Shaft 4” Collapse
约束系统设计
自主品牌约束系统面对的挑战
法规将不断更新, 变严, 与国际接轨 CNCAP出台, 消费者对”几颗星”关注日增 对欧美的出口计划 安全任证由”送检”变”抽检” 如何在保持价格优势的前提下, 面对以上的 挑战?
如何面对挑战
抛砖引玉, 提出来交流 建立完整的约束系统团队(CAE, Development, D/R, testing…) 整车概念设计阶段, 安全团队要介入, 提 出空间参数要求. 检讨约束系统设计规范 检讨对供应商的质量标准
Mid
Hyundai Sonata
Discrete
Hard
Chevy Aveo
PAB Top, Mid or Front Mounted
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Top Mid Front Top Mid Front
% of All Vehicles
Discrete and Seamless
Retractor pretensioners pull on the shoulder part of the belt.
Seat Belt: Buckle Pretensioners
Buckle pretensioners utilize a pyrotechnic charge to pull the buckle down linearly increasing the tension in the lap and shoulder belt The buckle is usually attached to a cable that runs into the pretensioner body and tube. Buckle Pretensioners pull on both the lap and shoulder parts of the seat belt
Dual Stage Inflators
Driver Side Bag/ Inflator
•Passenger Side Bag/ Inflator
Two Stages Single Stage
1+2 Stage (High Output)
1st Stage (Low Output) 2nd Stage
Restraint System
Sensors RCM Module
Acceleration Belt Buckle Roll rate Position Seat Track Weight
Driver Airbag
Pass Airbag
Decide: 1. Fire or Not 2. What time to Fire
• Sensor Location
• Camera positions • Exterior • Interior • Film • AVI format • Digitized film • Special Requests
Sensor Process: Deployment Targets
CAE and MADYMO analysis are used in conjunction with sled tests to determine if and when an airbag is needed based on occupant injury numbers
SCS RCM SCS
• Deployable Devices
• Driver / Passenger Front Airbags – 1st Stage • Driver / Passenger Front Airbags – 2nd Stage • Driver / Passenger Pretensioners
Seat Weight Occupant Sensing
Advanced Occupant Classification : Bladder Pressure System
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Push Pins Bladder Backerboard
Felt Pad Pressure Sensor
ECU
Seat frame in Frontal Crash
Time
Time
Dual Chambered Side Airbag
Thorax Bag
Pelvis Bag
Side Airbag
Thorax Side Airbag
IC Airbag (Inflatable Curtain)
-Provides interior head protection for front/rear occupant -Prevents occupant ejection
Front
-
Front
Seamless
Soft
Seamless
Soft
Hyundai Sonata
Lexus LX
PAB –Seamless vs. Discrete
70 60
% Of All Vehicles
50 40 30 20 10 0 Seamless Discrete Seamless Discrete
Windshield
Windshield
Belt System
Side Airbag Curtain Bag
Pretensioner Load Limiter
Gas Pedal Floor Pan
Interior Trim
Knee Bolster
Steering Column
Seats
Advanced Restraint System
Constant Force Digressive Force
Paid Out
Seat Belt: Load Limiter
Inflatable Seat Belt
Knee Bolster and Cross Car Beam
Compartment stabilization Additional steering column support
Seat Belt: Buckle Pretensioner
Seat Belt: Load Limiter
Reduces peak occupant loading during a crash by allowing controlled payout after retractor lockup It is integrated into the retractor In a crash situation: – the retractor will lock – under high load, the torsion bar will twist, which absorbs energy and limits the peak load
External Stroking Column
Smart Column- Adaptive Energy management
F2 F1
F3 = F1 + F2
Concept: Bookshelf Bending Sheet And Pyrotechnic „Switch“ Combination Allow for the High (F3) / Low (F1) e-Absorption Capability
Fundamentals: Simple & Robust Predicatable & Repeatable
Carpet/Floor Airbag
Pedestrian Protection Bags
Crash Sensor Systems
FCS
Electronic Multi-Point System Advanced Restraints System (ARS) • Restraints Control Module (RCM) • Side Crash Sensor (SCS) • Front Crash Sensor (FCS) • Rollover Sensor
SCS
SCS
• Driver / Passenger Safety Canopy
Crash Analysis: Sensor Packaging
SCS SCS
RCM • Center tunnel between seats
FCS RC M
SCS
• B-pillar at rocker • C-pillar at rocker
Crash Test
Data Retrieval
Data Processing
Deployment Targets*
Crash Reports*
Calibration Review
* Additional Information
Sensor Process: Test Authorization
Sensor Types • Triax - Accelerometers • Angular Rate Sensor