状语从句的翻译.
翻译技巧 9 状语从句的翻译
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翻译技巧9 状语从句的翻译1. 条件状语从句1) During the execution of a contract, if one party fails to perform the contract and thus bring economic loss to another party, the latter may ask the former for compensation according to the contract stipulation.在合同的执行中,如果一方不能履行合同而造成另一方经济损失,受损方可根据合同规定要求对方赔偿。
2)We are notifying you that we reserve our right to claim on you for the shortage if it is confirmed.我方谨通知贵方,如果确定货物数量短缺,我方将有权向贵方提出索赔。
3)It will be very helpful for us to push our claim on condition that you can give us some evidence that your figure in the invoice is correct.只要贵方能提供证据,证明发票上的数字准确无误,这将有助于我方提出索赔。
4)We shall have to cancel the order unless it is executed within two weeks.除非这张订单在两周内履行,否则本公司不得不将它取消。
2. 时间状语从句1) When we investigate the matter of your claims, we have noticed a discrepancy between our invoice figure and the quantities you specified.我方在调查贵方提出的索赔时,发现我方的发票数量和贵方描述的数量不一致。
状语从句翻译
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目的、结果状语从句1.这个外国人以手势助说话,这样他就能使听众明白他的意思。
(so that)2.这位退休教师家住的离学校那么远,我们很少能见到他。
(so….. that)3.我说了什么使他竟然对我那么生气?(that)4.他发音进步很快,英语已经读得非常漂亮。
(such… that)5.大象有强壮的身躯可以为人干重活。
(so… that)6.老师劝我们多带衣服以防天气转冷。
(in case)7.为了不被人轻易认出,这些影星们穿着便装。
(in order that)8.这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜,我简直爱不释手(so… that)。
(上海市高考题)地点状语从句1.他在前天掉的地方找到了他的手机。
(where)2.在涉及到公司的利益之处,我们绝不可能轻易放弃。
(where)3.此后无论何时他有机会,他就会同她说话。
(whenever)4.哪儿有病人和苦难,哪儿就有红十字会的工作人员。
(wherever)让步状语从句1.尽管我承认问题很难,我不同意说它们不能解决。
(while)2.无论我给他们多少忠告,他还是一意孤行。
(no matter how)3.即使我们旅行后很累了,我们仍情绪高昂。
(Even if)4.尽管他喜欢布朗教授的讲课,但不喜欢他的举止。
(though)5.无论你有可能说什么,我都会毫不犹豫地帮助她克服困难。
(whatever)6.这个工人无论怎样努力,他似乎总是不能把工作做得令人满意。
(however)7.不论你是冬天来还是夏天来,你都会觉得这是个居住的好地方。
(whether…or…)8.不管我何时打电话请求帮助,他都会马上来我家。
(whenever)9.今晚无论是谁来串门,告诉他我不到十点钟是不会回来的。
(whoever)10.虽然并不富裕,但是他对自己的生活相当满意。
(Although)(上海市高考题)。
英语语法:五类状语从句的翻译讲解
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英语语法:五类状语从句的翻译讲解一、时间状语从句1. 译成相对应的时间状语1) 与原文顺序一致While she spoke, the tears were running down.她说话时,泪水直流。
2) 后置改前置Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关灯。
2. 译成“刚(一)……就……”的句式When I reached the beach, I collapsed.我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。
3. 译成并列的分句1) 译文前置They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。
2) 后置不变I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因状语从句1. 译成表“因”的分句1) “因”在“果”之前The crops failed because the season was dry.因为气候干旱,作物歉收。
2) “果”在“因”之前She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.她能渡过任何风险,因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.他深信这件事准确可靠,所以坚持己见。
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。
高考中译英状语从句翻译
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1. 为了不惊醒她,他轻轻推开房门,悄悄地溜了出去。
(for fear that)【答案】He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her.【解析】这里考查的由for fear that引导的目的状语从句;“悄悄地溜了出去”翻译为stole out of the room极为生动形象。
2. 我不需要买新车,我的那辆旧车还很好。
(condition)【答案】I don’t need to / needn’t buy a new car as my old one is still in good condition.【解析】这里考查的由as引导的原因状语从句;“状况良好”可翻译为be in good condition。
3. 在你生命中,如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起,那就去向他道歉吧。
(apology)【答案】If there is someone in your life to whom you need to say sorry go ahead and make an apology.【解析】这里考查的由if引导的条件状语从句;“对…说对不起”,我们用say sorry to sb.“向…道歉”make an apology to sb.。
4. 这小孩太调皮了,使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。
(So…)【答案】So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.【解析】这里考查的是so…that引导的结果状语从句,千万要注意,so位于句首要用不完全倒装形式。
5. 自从出国留学后,她就不再和我们保持联系了。
(No longer)【答案】No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.【解析】这里考查的是since引导的时间状语从句;与……保持联系keep in touch with;注意no longer位于句首,主句要使用部分倒装结构。
160句翻译-状语从句.
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book, lend it to him.
11. 除非现在就采取有效的措施,否则人类就会发现自 己面临灾难。(unless)
答案: Human beings will find themselves facing / faced with disasters, unless measures are taken right now.
状语从句
1. 无论它花了你多少钱,它都是值这个价。(however) 答案: However much (money) it cost you, it is worth the price.
2. 据我所知,派谁去那里帮助他们人没有决定。(as far as) 答案: As far as I know, who will be sent there to help them hasn’t been decided.
3. 你最好带把伞以防下午下雨。(in case) 答案:You’d better take an umbrella with you in case of
rain/ in case it rains in Байду номын сангаасhe afternoon.
4. 每次我见到这张照片就是我想起我们在国外度过的日 子。(every time)
ago.
7. 这是一次对她的傲慢如此痛苦的教训(a lesson to…) 她永远也不会忘记。(such…that)
答案:It is such a bitter lesson to her pride that she will never forget it.
英语状语从句的翻译
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众多家庭搬出安定的社区,离开交往多年 的朋友,远离大家庭的其他成员, 日常信息 来源就此切断。
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2 原因状语从句的翻译
Since the electrical inventions which Edison had given us were very important, we could not live without them—not for one minute. 爱迪生为我们发明的各种电器太重要了, 我们的生活离不开它们——一刻也离不开。
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要是下雨,咱们就不能步行上那儿去了。
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16.3 条件状语从句的翻译
If I could relive my life, I would lead quite a different life, leaving less regrets. 如果我可以重新过日子, 我会生活得截然不 同,不会留下这么多遗憾。
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3 条件状语从句的翻译
3.1 译成相对应的表条件的分句 If the epidemic cannot be controlled effectively, the whole country will come into chaos. 如果这种流行传染病得不到有效控制, 整个 国家将会陷入一片混乱之中。 We won’t be able to go there on foot in case it rains.
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1 时间状语从句的翻译
One must sow before one can reap. 只有播种,才能有收获。(译成汉语的必要 条件复句的正句。也可根据汉语表达习惯, 译为:一份耕耘,一份收获。) Before manned spacecraft could be sent to space, the problem of getting the spacecraft safely back to earth had to be solved. 为了把载人的宇宙飞船送到太空上去,就 必须解决使飞船安全返回地面的问题。(译 成汉语单句的目的状语)
中考英语阅读状语从句(带翻译)
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1.We would like your attention for three minutes while we explain the safety guidefor this flight.时间状从请大家用三分钟时间注意听讲,在我们解释这次航班的安全指南时。
*请大家用三分钟注意听讲一下这次航班的安全指南。
2.While we are serving meals, please move your seat back to its right place forsafety of the passenger behind you. 时间状从供应餐饮期间,为了你身后乘客的安全请大家将座椅移回原位。
3.If you need any help, please let us know by switching on the button next to thelight above your head. 条件状从如需帮助,请按你头顶上方靠灯的按钮让我们知道。
4.One of the most exciting moments will be in May when the Olympic flame istaken to the highest peak(山峰)in the world--Monut Qomolangma. 时间状从最令人兴奋的时刻之一将在五月,那时奥运火炬将被带到世界之巅--珠穆朗玛峰。
5.Ella and Hebe entered simply for the 10,000 yuan prize, while Selina wasencouraged by her young sister, who was then too young to take part. 转折对比,非限定性定从E和H的参赛只是奔着10000元的奖金而来的,而S的参赛却是受到了妹妹的鼓动,她妹妹那是还小,不能参赛。
五类状语从句的翻译
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五类状语从句的翻译一、时间状语从句1. 译成相应的时间状语1) 与原文顺序一致While she spoke, the tears were running down.她说话时,泪水直流。
2) 后置改前置Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关灯。
2. 译成刚就的句式:When I reached the beach, I collapsed.我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。
3. 译成并列的分句:1) 译文前置They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。
2) 后置不变I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。
二、原因状语从句1. 译成表因的分句:1) 因在果之前The crops failed because the season was dry.因为气候干旱,作物歉收。
2) 果在因之前She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.她能渡过任何风险,因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。
英语状语从句的翻译
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1.There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive,however lucky and robust we are。
[参考译文] 不管我们多么幸运,多么健壮,我们所希望的长寿年龄实际上是有限度的。
[结构分析] 该句分为两部分:(There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, ) (however lucky and robust we are。
),第一部分是主句,第二部分是however引导的让步状语从句;主句中on…alive是介词短语,作limit的后置定语,how引导的从句是介词on的宾语,该从句的主语是we,谓语是can hope to remain,表语是alive;让步状语从句的主语是we,谓语是are,表语是lucky and robust。
这句话翻译时也要将从句提前,然后再译主句。
[知识链接] virtual实际的;remain保持;a limit on…对……有限制;alive活着的;lucky幸运的;robust健壮的。
2. While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development。
[参考译文] 尽管正式的学习过程是由挑选出来担当此角色的教师来进行的,非正式的学习过程却是作为孩子成长的自然一部分而完成的。
[结构分析] 该句可拆分为两部分,(While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role,) (informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development. ),第一部分是While引导的让步状语从句,第二部分是主句;从句中,formal learning是主语,谓语是is transmitted,过去分词selected 作teachers的后置定语,是不定式to perform this role作selected的目的状语;主句中,informal learning是主语,谓语是is acquired,介词短语as a natural part of a child's development作acquired的结果状语。
状语从句翻译例句
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状语从句翻译1 她说话时,泪水直流(while)1.Tears was running down her face while she talked.2 我正在吃饭的时候,她进来了。
(when)2.She came in when i was dinning.3 他结束讲话的时候,听众掌声雷动。
(as)3.The audience gave a round of applause as he ended his speech.4 他将得到提升,因为他工作干得好(for)4.He will get promoted for his hard working.5 理论之所以有价值,是因为它能给实践指出方向(because)5.Theory has value because it indicates the direction for practice.6 为了正午以前赶到那里,我们很早就动身了(so that)6.We set out so early that we could reach there before the noon.7 如果没有他们的批准,我们不能开始这项工作。
(until)7.We can't get into the work until they approve.1.他对她一见钟情。
了解越多,爱得越多。
1.He fell in love with her at the first sight. The more he knows her, the more he loves her.2.虽然我很累,但因为做了一件好事而深感高兴。
2.Even though I am tired, but I am happy because I did a good deed.3.违法的人都将受到惩罚。
3.Whoever defies the law will get punished.4.坐飞机比坐这趟火车不贵很多。
壮语从句翻译
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英译汉状语从句的译法英语状语从句表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等, 英语状语从句用在主句后面的较多, 而汉语的状语从句用在主句前的较多, 因此, 在许多情况下, 应将状语从句放在主句前面。
下面我们通过一些实例说明它们常用的翻译方法。
1. When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”. (83年考题)当审查放宽时, 招摇撞骗之徒就会有机可乘, 在“艺术”的幌子下炮制出形形色色的东西来。
(时间状语从句)2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a 'valid' or 'fair' comparison. (92年考题)既然对智力的评估是比较而言的, 那么我们必须确保, 在对我们的对象进行比较时, 我们所使用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。
(原因状语从句)3. The policies open to developing countries are more limited than for industrialized nations because the proper economies respond less to changing conditions and administrative control.由于贫穷国家的经济对形势变化的适应能力差一些, 政府对这种经济的控制作用也小一些, 所以发展中国家所能采取的政策比起工业化国家来就更有局限性。
状语从句的翻译
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四、让步状语从句
(1)译成表示“让步”的分句。如“虽
然…但是…,尽管…”等。 11. Although humans are the most intelligent creature on earth, anything humans can do,Nature has already done better and in far,far less space. 虽然人类是地球上最聪明的生物,人能 创造一切,但大自然更富于创造性,早 已创造出比人类创造的更好更小巧的东 西。
(2) 表示目的的从句后置
16. In addition,the cameraman must
have a knowledge of composition so that the arrangement of the people and objects in each shot will produce the desired effect. 另外,摄影师必须具备合成的知识,以 便安排好每个镜头中的人和物来达到预 期的效果。
Un句
(1)译成相应的表示时间的状语 1. When they analyzed these rocks,
they found “shocked” quartz grains— slivers with a particular arrangement of micro cracks believed to represent the relic left by an extraterrestrial impact. 在分析这些岩芯时,他们发现“冲击” 石英颗粒———带有特殊排列的微裂缝 的薄片,科学家认为他们是外层空间来 的物体与地球碰撞留下来的遗迹。
11篇状语从句的翻译
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例1. As the patient is terribly ill, the doctor has gone to see him at his home.
例2. Since some side-effects such as nausea, skin rashes and vertigo are frequently encountered, the drug should be discontinued at the first sign of them.
11.1.3 译为并列的两个分句
例1. On hearing the results of examination, that female patient cried as he walked.
例2. When the patient walked along, he kept wondering what the doctor really meant.
状语从句的翻译
状语从句是医学英语文献中出现频率比 较多的句型之一, 常见的英语状语从 句包括表示时间、地点、原因、条件、 让步、假设、目的、结果、比较、方式 等各种从句,常见的译法如下。
OUTLINE:
11.1 表示时间的状语从句的译法 11.2 表示地点的状语从句译法 11.3 表示原因的状语从句的译法 11.4 表示条件、假设的状语从句的译法 11.5 表示让步的状语从句的译法 11.6 表示目的的状语从句的译法 11.7表示比较的状语从句的译法 11.8表示方式的状语从句的译法
the nurse stood where every patient could see her.
为了方便叫号,护士站在所有病人能看见她的地方。
例2. Pus formation may occur wherever there is
状语从句的翻译
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状语从句的翻译英语中的状语从句种类繁多,用法复杂,可以用来表示时间、地点、条件、目的、结果、原因、让步、方式、比较等意义。
由于英汉两种语言在表达习惯上的不同,在状语从句的安排上存在着明显的差异。
英语中的状语从句多用在主句后面,而汉语中则习惯于将状语从句放在主句之前,因此在翻译成汉语时一般将状语从句置于主句前面。
当然,对于不同的状语从句,在翻译时也需要根据汉语习惯来灵活翻译。
下面将具体介绍各种状语从句的翻译方法。
一、时间状语从句在英语中,时间状语从句的连接词有:when(当??的时候),whenever(每当??),as(当??时), since(自从??),until(直到??,如果不??),till(直到??),before(在??前),after(在??后),as soon as(一??就??),once(一旦??),the moment(一??就??),immediately(一??就??),no sooner? than(一??就??),hardly/scarcely? when(一??就??),the instant(一??就??),instantly(一??就??),the minute(一??就??),the second(一??就??),every time(每当??),by the time(等到??的时候)等。
在翻译成汉语时,一般应将这些连接词引导的状语从句置于主句前面。
1)译成相应的表示时间的状语。
①与原句顺序一致。
例如:After he had worked in the factory for ten years, he decided to go abroad.在这家工厂工作了十年之后,他决定出国。
While Jack was reading, Jim was writing. 杰克阅读的时候,吉姆在写东西。
②后置改前置。
例如:Please turn off the light when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。
状语从句翻译例句
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状语从句翻译1 她说话时,泪水直流(while)1.Tears was running down her face while she talked.2 我正在吃饭的时候,她进来了。
(when)2.She came in when i was dinning.3 他结束讲话的时候,听众掌声雷动。
(as)3.The audience gave a round of applause as he ended his speech.4 他将得到提升,因为他工作干得好(for)4.He will get promoted for his hard working.5 理论之所以有价值,是因为它能给实践指出方向(because)5.Theory has value because it indicates the direction for practice.6 为了正午以前赶到那里,我们很早就动身了(so that)6.We set out so early that we could reach there before the noon.7 如果没有他们的批准,我们不能开始这项工作。
(until)7.We can't get into the work until they approve.1.他对她一见钟情。
了解越多,爱得越多。
1.He fell in love with her at the first sight. The more he knows her, the more he loves her.2.虽然我很累,但因为做了一件好事而深感高兴。
2.Even though I am tired, but I am happy because I did a good deed.3.违法的人都将受到惩罚。
3.Whoever defies the law will get punished.4.坐飞机比坐这趟火车不贵很多。
状语从句翻译例句
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状语从句翻译1 她说话时,泪水直流(while)1.Tearswas runnin g down her face whileshe talked.2 我正在吃饭的时候,她进来了。
(when)2.She came in when i was dinnin g.3 他结束讲话的时候,听众掌声雷动。
(as)3.The audien ce gave a roundof applau se as he endedhis speech.4 他将得到提升,因为他工作干得好(for)4.He will get promot ed for his hard workin g.5 理论之所以有价值,是因为它能给实践指出方向(becaus e)5.Theory has valuebecaus e it indica tes the direct ion for practi ce.6 为了正午以前赶到那里,我们很早就动身了(so that)6.We set out so earlythat we couldreachtherebefore the noon.7 如果没有他们的批准,我们不能开始这项工作。
(until)7.We can't get into the work untilthey approv e.1.他对她一见钟情。
了解越多,爱得越多。
1.He fell in love with her at the firstsight.The more he knowsher, the more he lovesher.2.虽然我很累,但因为做了一件好事而深感高兴。
2.Even though I am tired, but I am happybecaus e I did a good deed.3.违法的人都将受到惩罚。
状语从句的翻译
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状语从句的翻译英语中的状语从句种类繁多,用法复杂,可以用来表示时间、地点、条件、目的、结果、原因、让步、方式、比较等意义。
由于英汉两种语言在表达习惯上的不同,在状语从句的安排上存在着明显的差异。
英语中的状语从句多用在主句后面,而汉语中则习惯于将状语从句放在主句之前,因此在翻译成汉语时一般将状语从句置于主句前面。
当然,对于不同的状语从句,在翻译时也需要根据汉语习惯来灵活翻译。
下面将具体介绍各种状语从句的翻译方法。
一、时间状语从句在英语中,时间状语从句的连接词有:when(当……的时候),whenever(每当……),as(当……时), since(自从……),until (直到……,如果不……),till(直到……),before(在……前),after(在……后),as soon as(一……就……),once(一旦……),the moment(一……就……),immediately(一……就……),no sooner… than(一……就……),hardly/scarcely… when(一……就……),the instant(一……就……),instantly(一……就……),the minute (一……就……),the second(一……就……),every time(每当……),by the time(等到……的时候)等。
在翻译成汉语时,一般应将这些连接词引导的状语从句置于主句前面。
1)译成相应的表示时间的状语。
①与原句顺序一致。
例如:After he had worked in the factory for ten years, he decided to go abroad.在这家工厂工作了十年之后,他决定出国。
While Jack was reading, Jim was writing.杰克阅读的时候,吉姆在写东西。
②后置改前置。
例如:Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关灯。
第二十四 讲 状语从句的翻译
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翻译 HY
• (一)一般翻译在主句前面。 • 一般来说,这种表示“为了”的目的状语从句通常放在主句前面 翻译。
•
•
• • • •
气体不同于固体是因为(就在于)它没有固定的形状。
He will get promoted, for he has done good work. 他将得到提升,因为他工作干得好。 Theory is valuable because it can provide a direction for practice. 理论之所以有价值,是因为它能给实践指出方向。
翻译 HY
• No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.
• --不管我说什么,也不管我怎么说,他说是认为我错了。
• While we can not see the air, we can feel it.
• --我们虽然看不见空气,但却能感觉到它。
• --他们躲在树丛后面,以防被敌人发现。
翻译 HY
六、结果状语从句
• (一)英语中,连接结果状语从句的连词常常有: so that, so...that, such...that, to such a degree 状语从句翻译 等等,通常可以翻译为“结果,如此...” • He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted. • --他做了错误的决定,结果浪费了自己半生的时间。
状语从句翻译(学生中翻英)
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状语从句翻译1.除非我们保持快速的经济增长,否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。
(maintain)2. 虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标,我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯,因为他打网络游戏有瘾。
(obsessively)3. 只要目的明确、努力工作,你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。
(recognize)4. 虽然目标未达到,但是一个良好的基础已经奠定,因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关注。
(unprecedented)5. 为了迎合公众的需求,室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。
(the public)6. 虽然做志愿者意味着没有收入,但是就你从帮助别人中得到的满足而言,这工作还是很有价值的。
(in terms of)7. 当我成年时,我父母除了给我更多责任外,也给了我更多自由。
(responsibilities)8. 如果他开不起玩笑,那么意味着别人开他玩笑时他会生气。
(joke)9. 汤姆付完账单后,可开支的钱所剩无几。
(disposable)10. 如果你能领会老师给的有关即将来临的测验的暗示,你肯定能考出好成绩。
(hints)11. 虽然小胖子在运动会上未赢得比赛,但他仍然是一个我们心中钦佩和尊敬的人,因为他不放弃,表现出了良好的运动员精神。
(sportsmanship)12. 不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
(a tiger’s den)13. 她在这部电影中演得很出色,被提名为最佳女演员。
(nominate)14. 只要学生积极参与课堂和课外活动,他们在学业上取得迅速进步就是可以预期的。
(academic progress)15.虽然你已吸取了过去的教训,并获得许多有用的紧急方法,但是情况已经发生了变化,历史将不会重演。
(alter)16. 像热熔化冰一样,水溶化盐。
(dissolve)17. 无论你信不信,时尚会随着时间的变化而变化。
(style)18. 一般来说,按照说明书来服用,这药没有副作用。
(drug)19. 这赝品画得很好,它常被误认为是原作。
状语从句翻译例句
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目的状语从句他们低声说话,以防被人听见。
They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard.我将一整天待在旅馆里以防有Mary的消息。
I shall stay in the hotel all day in case there is news of Mary.我们做了这样的安排,以便我们总有一个人在值班。
We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty.结果状语从句那么多人来听音乐会,以致有些人没法进来。
So many people came to the concert that some could n’t get in.她很聪明,否则我早就瞧不起她了。
She had intellect, otherwise I would have scorned her.把这喝掉,否则你会生病。
Drink this, else you will be sick.条件状语从句如果我没有加入这个学习小组,我就不会把这件事做成。
I wouldn’t have been able to make it through, if I were out of this study group. 除非我们有一份刊物,否则我们不能发挥我们的影响力。
We can’t exercise our influence unless we have an organ.设想你有一百万英镑,你会怎么花呢?Suppose you had a million pounds, how would you spend it?只要你答应十一点钟前回来,你可以出去。
You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11 o’clock.If引导的条件状语从句的倒装:如果不是他们帮忙,我们会陷入严重的困境。
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4.When they approached Trenton, lights were still burning in many of the houses and Christmas parties were still going on. 当他们逼近屈兰敦时, 许多房子里仍然灯火通明,圣诞晚会 还未结束。
二、原因状语从句的翻译尔亦置于句 末。汉语的原因状语从句翻译成英 语时可位于译句句首,也可置于译 句句末。
2.1译成表示原因的分句
1. They are informal, most likely because they are always in a great hurry. 他们之所以不拘小节, 很可能是因为他们总是处于匆忙之中。 2. Because his parents had paved a good way for him, he didn’t worry about it at all. 他之所以一点不急,是因为父母已为他铺好了道路。
5.我们第二次见面时,我发现她比实际年龄显得老一些了。 When we met each other for the second time, I found that she looked older than she was. 6.直到黄昏降临,他的小孩才回家。 His child did not come back home until dusk set in.
1. 4译成并列分句
1.The earth turns round its axis as it travels about the sun. 地球一面绕太阳运行, 一面绕地轴自转。 2.I read a newspaper while I was waiting /. 我边等边看报。 3. I was going home when I met Mary. 我正要回家, 就在这个时候,我碰到了玛丽。
3. 既然发言人不能来,我们不得不取消这次会议。 Since the speaker can’t come, we’ll have to cancel the meeting.
2. 2 译为不带关联词、因果关系 内含的并列分句
1.Since the electrical inventions which Edison had given us were very impor-tant, we could not live without them— not for one minute. 爱迪生为我们发明的各种电器太重要了,我们的生活离不 开它们——一刻也离不开。 2. He was not nervous at all, because he was ready. 他胸有成竹,一点不紧张。
1. 3 翻译成固定句型
由 hardly (scarcely)…. when ( before)… no sooner… than… as soon as … the moment(the instant )… just as…等短语连词引导的时间 状语从句翻译成汉语时, 主句与从句通常 要互换, 常常译成包含“刚(一)……就 ……”这种结构的句子。同样,包含该 结构的汉语句子亦应翻译成英语中相对 应的 固定句式。
1. 3 翻译成固定句型
1. 我们刚到车站, 火车就开了。 Scarcely had we got to the station before the train left. 2. 计算机刚一启动,就发现有病毒。 Hardly had the computer started working when viruses were found. 3.As soon as she heard the news, she fainted. 她刚一听到这个消息, 就昏过去了。 4.They fell in love the moment they saw each other for the first time. 他们一见钟情。
三、条件状语从句的翻译 3.1 译成相对应的表条件的分句
1.2 转译为其他状语从句
英语状语从句通常可按其从属连词 、连接副词或所用的引导词的含义来翻 译,但有时它们的深层意义互相渗透, 可以互相替换,需要转译。有些英语状 语从句虽然形式上是由表示时间的引导 词(如when, before, until 等)引导, 但根据句子逻辑意义来判断,应灵活翻 译成表因果关系的从句,或者翻译为表 条件的状语从句或表目的的状语从句。
Translation of English Adverbial Clauses Into Chinese
英语状语从句的翻译
一、时间状语从句的翻译
1.1译成与汉语完全对应 的表示时间的状语
1.We shall discuss the problem fully before we make the decision. 我们在作出决定之前要充分讨论这个问题 2. The iron should be stricken while it is hot. 趁热打铁 3. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
1.2 转译为其他状语从句
1.One must sow before one can reap. 只有播种,才能有收获。(译成汉语的必要条件 复句的正句。) 也可根据汉语表达习惯, 译为: 一份耕耘,一份收获。 2.Before manned spacecraft could be sent to space, the problem of getting the spacecraft safely back to earth had to be solved. 为了把载人的宇宙飞船送到太空上去,就必须 解决使飞船安全返回地面的问题。(译成汉语单 句的目的状语)