2019届高三英语 复习---虚拟语气教学课件 共16张ppt
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5. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I _w_o_u_ld__h_a_ve__c_o_m_e_(come) to the meeting.
1.If she hadn’t trained so hard, she _w_o_u_l_d_n_’t__b_e_(not,be) able to run so fast today.
2.They _h_a_d__w_a_n_t_e_d_(want) to help but
couldn’t get here in time.
3.I _w_a_s__g_o_i_n_g_t_o_(be going to)travel by train but then we decided to go by air.
◆特殊的虚拟语气词：should
• 1） It is necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句 的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 （注：常为表情绪、观点的形容词或名词， 如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising, funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。）
3.表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还 能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）
(注：if only、would rather 、 It is (high) time that、 as if/ as though也有类似用法）
3. But for their help , we __ the program in time.
A.can not finish
B. will not finish
C.had not finish
D. could not have finished
Practice
1. It is required that the students _____ mobile phones in their school ,
A. shut B. have shut
C. had shut
D. would shut
3. The boy insisted that he ____ his best and ____ praised.
A. had tried ; must be C. try ; should be
√B. tried ; must be D. had tried ; be
Subjunctive mood
虚拟语气
• 定义：
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使 语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用 来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想， 所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实， 或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语 动词的特殊形式来表示。
◆真实条件句
The volleyball match will be put off if it _B__.
√5. It was recommended that passengers ____ smoke during the flight.
A. not
B. need not
C. could not
D. would not
1.Even if he _w_e__re__(be) here, he couldn’t solve the problem.
◆混合条件句 （混合虚拟语气）
• 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、 从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同， 这叫做混合条件句。例如： If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
A.will rain B.rains
C.rained
D.is rained
◆非真实条件句
1.与现在事实相反的假设。
if从句
主句
did\were would (might\could\ should) +v.
Eg. If they were here, they would help you.
2.与过去事实相反的假设。
• __C___ to do the work, I should do it some
other day.
A. If were I B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
• Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
◆wish的用法
1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。 (事实：我根本比不上你)
2.表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+p.p. eg. I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希 望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）
3.表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性 很小）
if从句 did\were were + to do
should + do
主句
would (might\could\ should) +v.
Eg. If you succeeded\ should succeed\ were to succeed, everything would be all right.
2. Without air, there _w__o_u_ld__b_e__(be) no living things.
3. But for your help,I_c_o_u_ld__n_’t_h_a_v_e__d_o_n_e_ (not do) it.
4. If only I _h_a_d_t_a_k_e_n_(take) his advice, but I didn’t.
4. John’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill , and his parents suggested
√ that he ____ a medical examination.
A. be ; should be B. was ; have C. should be ; had D. was ; has
if从句
主句
had +p.p. would (might\could\ should) have+ p.p.
Eg. If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
◆在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等 名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即 （should）+动词原形.
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
Eg. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
• 2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 【注：一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order. command) 三建议(advise. suggest. propose) 五要求 (demand. require. request. desire.insist)中】。无论主 句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用： “（should） + 动词原形”。
2. But for the help of my English teacher , I ____ the first
prize in the English Writing Competition.
A.would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have won
• Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
• Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
1. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down
within the first year , we would repair it at our expense.
（天津卷，15）
A. would B. should C. could D. might
√so seldom ____ them using one.
A. not use ; will you see
B. should not use ; you will see
C. don’t use ; will you see D. not use; you will see
√ 2. How I wish I ____ my mouth before I shouted at my mum.
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
◆虚拟条ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้句的倒装
• 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Eg. I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
◆如果suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人 做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、" 坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
1.If she hadn’t trained so hard, she _w_o_u_l_d_n_’t__b_e_(not,be) able to run so fast today.
2.They _h_a_d__w_a_n_t_e_d_(want) to help but
couldn’t get here in time.
3.I _w_a_s__g_o_i_n_g_t_o_(be going to)travel by train but then we decided to go by air.
◆特殊的虚拟语气词：should
• 1） It is necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句 的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 （注：常为表情绪、观点的形容词或名词， 如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising, funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。）
3.表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还 能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）
(注：if only、would rather 、 It is (high) time that、 as if/ as though也有类似用法）
3. But for their help , we __ the program in time.
A.can not finish
B. will not finish
C.had not finish
D. could not have finished
Practice
1. It is required that the students _____ mobile phones in their school ,
A. shut B. have shut
C. had shut
D. would shut
3. The boy insisted that he ____ his best and ____ praised.
A. had tried ; must be C. try ; should be
√B. tried ; must be D. had tried ; be
Subjunctive mood
虚拟语气
• 定义：
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使 语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用 来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想， 所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实， 或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语 动词的特殊形式来表示。
◆真实条件句
The volleyball match will be put off if it _B__.
√5. It was recommended that passengers ____ smoke during the flight.
A. not
B. need not
C. could not
D. would not
1.Even if he _w_e__re__(be) here, he couldn’t solve the problem.
◆混合条件句 （混合虚拟语气）
• 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、 从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同， 这叫做混合条件句。例如： If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
A.will rain B.rains
C.rained
D.is rained
◆非真实条件句
1.与现在事实相反的假设。
if从句
主句
did\were would (might\could\ should) +v.
Eg. If they were here, they would help you.
2.与过去事实相反的假设。
• __C___ to do the work, I should do it some
other day.
A. If were I B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
• Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
◆wish的用法
1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。 (事实：我根本比不上你)
2.表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+p.p. eg. I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希 望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）
3.表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性 很小）
if从句 did\were were + to do
should + do
主句
would (might\could\ should) +v.
Eg. If you succeeded\ should succeed\ were to succeed, everything would be all right.
2. Without air, there _w__o_u_ld__b_e__(be) no living things.
3. But for your help,I_c_o_u_ld__n_’t_h_a_v_e__d_o_n_e_ (not do) it.
4. If only I _h_a_d_t_a_k_e_n_(take) his advice, but I didn’t.
4. John’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill , and his parents suggested
√ that he ____ a medical examination.
A. be ; should be B. was ; have C. should be ; had D. was ; has
if从句
主句
had +p.p. would (might\could\ should) have+ p.p.
Eg. If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
◆在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等 名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即 （should）+动词原形.
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
Eg. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
• 2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 【注：一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order. command) 三建议(advise. suggest. propose) 五要求 (demand. require. request. desire.insist)中】。无论主 句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用： “（should） + 动词原形”。
2. But for the help of my English teacher , I ____ the first
prize in the English Writing Competition.
A.would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have won
• Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
• Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
1. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down
within the first year , we would repair it at our expense.
（天津卷，15）
A. would B. should C. could D. might
√so seldom ____ them using one.
A. not use ; will you see
B. should not use ; you will see
C. don’t use ; will you see D. not use; you will see
√ 2. How I wish I ____ my mouth before I shouted at my mum.
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
◆虚拟条ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้句的倒装
• 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Eg. I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
◆如果suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人 做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、" 坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。