2019届高三英语 复习---虚拟语气教学课件 共16张ppt

◆特殊的虚拟语气词：should
• 1） It is necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句 的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 （注：常为表情绪、观点的形容词或名词， 如:necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising, funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。）
A.will rain B.rains
C.rained
D.is rained
◆非真实条件句
1.与现在事实相反的假设。
if从句
主句
did\were would (might\could\ should) +v.
Eg. If they were here, they would help you.
2.与过去事实相反的假设。
1. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down
within the first year , we would repair it at our expense.
（天津卷，15）
A. would B. should C. could D. might
5. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I _w_o_u_ld__h_a_ve__c_o_m_e_(come) to the meeting.
1.If she hadn’t trained so hard, she _w_o_u_l_d_n_’t__b_e_(not,be) able to run so fast today.
3. But for their help , we __ the program in time.
A.can not finish
B. will not finish
C.had not finish
D. could not have finished
Practice
1. It is required that the students _____ mobile phones in their school ,
• __C___ to do the work, I should do it some
other day.
A. If were I B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
• Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
◆虚拟条件句的倒装
• 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
2. Without air, there _w__o_u_ld__b_e__(be) no living things.
3. But for your help,I_c_o_u_ld__n_’t_h_a_v_e__d_o_n_e_ (not do) it.
4. If only I _h_a_d_t_a_k_e_n_(take) his advice, but I didn’t.
Subjunctive mood
虚拟语气
• 定义：
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使 语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用 来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想， 所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实， 或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语 动词的特殊形式来表示。
◆真实条件句
The volleyball match will be put off if it _B__.
Eg. I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
◆如果suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人 做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、" 坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
√so seldomot use ; will you see
B. should not use ; you will see
C. don’t use ; will you see D. not use; you will see
√ 2. How I wish I ____ my mouth before I shouted at my mum.
◆在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等 名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即 （should）+动词原形.
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
Eg. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
• 2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 【注：一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order. command) 三建议(advise. suggest. propose) 五要求 (demand. require. request. desire.insist)中】。无论主 句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用： “（should） + 动词原形”。
• Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
• Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
√5. It was recommended that passengers ____ smoke during the flight.
A. not
B. need not
C. could not
D. would not
1.Even if he _w_e__re__(be) here, he couldn’t solve the problem.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
◆wish的用法
1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。 (事实：我根本比不上你)
2.表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+p.p. eg. I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希 望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）
if从句
主句
had +p.p. would (might\could\ should) have+ p.p.
Eg. If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
A. shut B. have shut
C. had shut
D. would shut
3. The boy insisted that he ____ his best and ____ praised.
A. had tried ; must be C. try ; should be
√B. tried ; must be D. had tried ; be
4. John’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill , and his parents suggested
√ that he ____ a medical examination.
A. be ; should be B. was ; have C. should be ; had D. was ; has
3.表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形 eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我还 能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）
(注：if only、would rather 、 It is (high) time that、 as if/ as though也有类似用法）
2.They _h_a_d__w_a_n_t_e_d_(want) to help but
couldn’t get here in time.
3.I _w_a_s__g_o_i_n_g_t_o_(be going to)travel by train but then we decided to go by air.
3.表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性 很小）
if从句 did\were were + to do
should + do